学术会议英语期末考试

Direction: Write out the functions of the following conference organizations.For a large-scale conference, the organizing committee is usually a rather large body that consists of the chairperson, vice-chairpersons, the secretary-general, deputy secretary-generals and other committee members. Each of them is in charge of a specific part of the organizing work and is responsible to the sponsors and the organizers.Academic committee takes care of all the academic activities of a conference. It is also called program committee, scientific committee or paper committee. Its activities include the collecting and evaluating of papers, the designing of agenda, the arranging of academic communication in and out of the conference, and the preparing of conference facilities such as conference rooms, overhead projectors, slide projectors and other necessary devices. In most cases, it is also responsible for the publication of its proceedings.Secretariat is the central organ for organizing a conference. It receives and answers the correspondences to the conference and committees and, makes oral and written reports to the organizing committee about the work of different functional committees. It also takes care of the conference rooms and takes charge of the financial management, food and accommodations as well as other conference and non-conference activities.Direction: Make the following long utterances shorter for oral presentation without changing their original meanings. （练习+例子）练习部分：1)Original utterance: On the other hand, although a great deal of resources and attention are now being devoted to the training and education of information technology specialists, there seems to be insufficient efforts directed towards providing users with education, training, and an understanding of organizational and behavioral systems development and management information system.The government has paid more attention to training and education of specialists than of the direct users.2）Original utterance: The super long focal depth is 15 meters in this paper, but the computer simulated result tells us that if some parameters are changed we can get longer focal depth. Through the computer simulation, we can get the super long focal depth longer than 15 meters. 3）Original utterance: An organization can be pictured as a three-layered cake. In the bottom layer we have the basic work processes—in the case of a manufacturing organization, the processes that procure raw materials manufacture the physical product, warehouse it, and shop it. In the middle layer, we have the programmed (structure) decision-making processes, the processes that govern the day-to-day operation of the manufacturing and distribution system. In the top layer, we have the non-programmed (unstructured) decision-making processes, the processes that are required to design and redesign the entire system, to provide it with its basic goals and objectives, and to monitor its performance.Organizations can be divided into three layers: operation, management and strategy. Their tasks correspond to structured, semi-structured and unstructured.4）Original utterance: The purpose of this article is twofold: to provide a synopsis of the major developments in interior point methods for mathematical programming in the last thirteen years for the researcher who is unfamiliar with interior points, and to discuss current and future research directions in interior point methods for researchers who have some familiarity with interior point methods.（难点）The purpose of this article is twofold. First, the paper aims at the researcher who is unfamiliar with interior points. It provides a synopsis of the major developments in interior point methods for mathematical programming in the last thirteen years. Second, it also aims at researchers who have some familiarity with interior point methods. For this group of people, it discusses current and future research directions in interior point methods.5）Original utterance: The most frequently used way to develop a presentation is to exhibit necessary facts and details to support the thesis statement, which is essential and imperative to arouse the interest of the professional audience.The most frequently used way to develop a presentation is to exhibit necessary facts and details to support the thesis statement. This is essential and imperative to arouse the interest of the professional audience.6）Original utterance: In financial markets your competition is all other corporations seeking funds, to say nothing of the state, local, and federal governments, financial institutions, individuals, and foreign firms and governments that also come to Wall Street, London, or Tokyo for financing. You will meet many types of organizations in the financial markets. They, like you, are seeking funds.例题部分：Sample 1：I am most pleased that you could come this morning. I would like to take thisopportunity to discuss with you a subject of inestimable importance to us all—the impact of inflationary spirals on students enrolled in institutions of higher education.Thanks for coming. I’d like to talk today about something that everyone here has had experience with—the rising costs of going to college.Sample 2 ：High operating speed shall be provided by a high-speed, motor-driven switch operator in order to assure the full inherent mechanical and electrical performance of the circuit-switcher such as power operation under 1.5-inch formation fault-closing capacity, close inter-phase simultaneity, long life of fault-closing arching contacts, and avoidance of excessive switching transients which can accompany prolonged or unstable pre-strike arcing.（难点）A high-speed and a motor-driven switch operator shall provide high operating speed, in order to assure full inherent mechanical and electrical performance of the circuit-switcher. The performance features include power operation under 1.5-inch ice formation, fault-closing capability, close inter-phase simultaneity, and long life of fault-closing arcing contacts. The switch operator also assures avoidance of excessive switching transients which can accompany prolonged or unstable pre-strike arcing.Part Three (10’)Direction: Analyze the abstract below, following the directions:（1）mark the topic sentence (2’)（2）point out the supporting sentences (2’)(3) indicate the conclusion (2’)(4) give titles and keywords of your own according to your understanding (4’)Abstract 1: The paper reports results of a study which examined the effect that various test methods have on the test takers’ performance in the test. (In the study, 50 subjects took a reading comprehension test presented in three different formats: multiple choice, true or false statements and short answers.) Res ults indicated that test methods had a significant effect on the test takers’ scores in reading comprehension. These efforts were strongest on high-level test takers.Title: The Effect of Test Method on Reading ComprehensionKeywords: test method, reading comprehensionAbstract 2: The global market competition and the development of new technologies have brought challenges to manufacturing engineering. How to adapt the shop floor structure to the advent of manufacturing philosophy becomes more and more important. This paper presents a policy based on production-oriented software platform (POSP) (which was supported by real-time operating system and database. The structure includes four parts: user interface, application management, communication device and real-time database. The design strategy and realization of POSP are illustrated.) It shows that software platform can provide good flexibility to system’s design and reconfiguration.Title: A Production-Oriented Software Platform (POSP): Production-Oriented and Real-Time OperatingKeywords: software platform, flexibility。