英语修辞手法汇总大全Rhetorical Devices

7. Rhetorical question: 反诘
• A question neither requiring nor intended to produce a reply but asked for emphasis. More example: If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? (Shelley: Ode to the West Wind)
1.Simile & Metaphor
• 1. Simile 明喻 He is brave as a lion. The water lay gray and wrinkled like an elephant’s skin. 2. Metaphor My love is a red red rose. Applications for jobs flooded the company.
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一种暗喻的句式: n. (A) + of + n. (B) 一种暗喻的句式 More Examples: I have the devil of a teeth sick. Down with the Bourbons, and that great pig of Louis XVI ! Your turn to practice: 他们有一个宝贝女儿。 他们有一个宝贝女儿。 They have a treasure of a daughter. 他住在贫民窟一样的屋子里。 他住在贫民窟一样的屋子里。 He lives in a slum of a house.
For Death: to be asleep in the Arms of God (本义） 本义） 本义 安睡在上帝的怀中 to be at peace (本义）平静了 本义） 本义 to be at rest (本义）在休息 本义） 本义 to be called to God (本义）被召唤到上 本义） 本义 帝那 to be called home (本义）被召回家 本义） 本义 to be home and free (本义）到家自由了 本义） 本义 to be taken to paradise (本义）被送进天 本义） 本义 堂 The call of God (本义）上帝的召唤 本义） 本义 to depart (本义）离去 本义） 本义 The final departure (本义）最后离去 本义） 本义 final sleep (本义）最后一觉 本义） 本义
14. Euphemism:
the substitution of an inoffensive expression for one that may be disagreeable •
• • • • • • • • • • •
For Death:
to be asleep in the Arms of God (本义）安睡在上帝的怀中 本义） 本义 to be at peace (本义）平静了 本义） 本义 to be at rest (本义）在休息 本义） 本义 to be called to God (本义）被召唤 本义） 本义 到上帝那 to be called home (本义）被召回 本义） 本义 家 to be home and free (本义）到家 本义） 本义 自由了 to be taken to paradise (本义）被 本义） 本义 送进天堂 The call of God (本义）上帝的召 本义） 本义 唤 to depart (本义）离去 本义） 本义 The final departure (本义）最后离 本义） 本义 去 final sleep (本义）最后一觉 本义） 本义
Metonymy
• 以作家名借代作品或观念 以作家名借代作品或观念: He has never read Li Bai. • 以容器借代被盛的东西 或以产地代产品 以容器借代被盛的东西,或以产地代产品 或以产地代产品: He is too fond of the bottle. Hollywood---American film industry
Metonymy
More examples: John Bull---England Uncle Sam---USA The Pentagon---US military establishment The White Street---US President Helen---beautiful woman
8. Anti-climax: 突降法
• The sudden appearance of an trivial idea following one or more significant ideas. It is usually comic(滑稽的 effect. 滑稽的)in 滑稽的 The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
9. Climax: 渐强法
• Arrangement of phrases or sentences in ascending order of importance. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. (Francis Bacon: Of Studies)
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
to rest (本义）休息 本义） 本义 to rest in peace (本义）安息 本义） 本义 to return to dust (本义）归之尘土 本义） 本义 to sleep (本义）长眠 本义） 本义 with God (本义）和上帝在一起 本义） 本义 with their Father (本义）与圣父在一起 本义） 本义 to fall (本义）倒下了 本义） 本义 to do one's bit (本义）尽职了 本义） 本义 to lay down one's life (本义）放下自 本义） 本义 己的生命 to be no longer with us (本义）不再与 本义） 本义 我们在一起了 to be out of pain (本义）摆脱痛苦 本义） 本义 to breathe one's last (本义）呼了最后 本义） 本义 一口气 to cancel one's account (本义）销帐 本义） 本义 pay one's last debt (本义）付最后一笔 本义） 本义 债
11. Assonance
• Assonance: the use of the same or related vowel sounds in successive words 半谐音 • A deep green stream • The rain in Spain falls on the plain
Rhetorical Devices Figures of Speech
• An expression such as a metaphor or simile or a device such as personification or hyperbole in which words are used in a nonliteral way to achieve an effect beyond the range of ordinary language. • 通过隐喻或明喻，拟人或夸张等这些形 象化说法，文字能用非字面的意义获得 超过普通语言的效果
10. Alliteration: 头韵法
• …and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. • The use of a phrase or sentence of words beginning with the same letter or sound. It should be used only when the writer makes a strong emotional response to his subject. For instance, it can achieve musical effect. Example 1: We felt strong, smug, secure. Example 2: US trade policy is often viewed as inconsistent, incoherent and incomprehensible to the countries of the origin.
5. Personification 拟人
• The thirsty desert drank up the water. • It’s really a beautiful morning: the trees are whispering and birds are singing…
6. Transferred Epithet:
• • • • •
3.Metonymy • The substitution of the name of one thing for that of another with which ot is closely related • 换喻
Metonymy
• 以典型的人体组织、器官或部位代人的抽象行 以典型的人体组织、 为或能力: 为或能力 She was a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not the one to let my heart rule my head. 她十个让人动情的姑娘，而我则不 她十个让人动情的姑娘， 是让感情支配理智的人。 是让感情支配理智的人。 • 以特征指人或物 以特征指人或物: Gray hairs should be respected.
4. Synecdoche 提喻
The naming of a part to mean the whole or the whole to a part We need more hands to do this job. This is a fleet of 50 sails. The birds sang to welcome the smiling year.
the transference of an adjective to a noun to which it is not wholly appropriate 转类形容法 • More example： ： • This bad news has brought me a sleepless night. • They climbed to a dizzy height and then jumped down.
12. Consonance 尾韵
• 指相同词尾辅音的重复出现 • The rain in Spain falls on the plain • WhHale Waihona Puke Baidun I lent I was a friend, when I asked I was unkind.
13. Pun 双关
• It is a play on words based on the similarity of sound and sharp difference in meaning. • Seven days without water makes one weak. • He lies first on one side, and then on the other, and remains wide awake all the time. He lies still when he dies.