虚拟条件句的用法
虚拟条件句的构成与用法
虚拟条件句的构成与用法虚拟语气是英语中的重要语法现象，用来表达一种虚构的、假设的情况或假设条件下可能发生的情况。
虚拟条件句由两个部分组成：条件从句和结果从句。
条件从句以if或者其他虚拟条件词开头，而结果从句则用虚拟语气来表示。
一、虚拟条件句的三种类型1. 第一种类型是表示与现在事实相反的情况。
这种虚拟条件通常使用过去时的形式。
例如：If I were you, I would go to the party tonight.如果我是你，今晚我会去参加派对。
2. 第二种类型是表示与过去事实相反的情况。
这种虚拟条件通常使用过去完成时的形式。
例如：If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.如果他学习更努力，他就会通过考试。
3. 第三种类型是表示对未来的一种假设或猜测。
这种虚拟条件通常使用“would/could/might + 动词原形”的形式。
例如：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
二、虚拟条件句的用法1. 表达建议：使用虚拟条件句可以用来提出建议或给予他人指导。
例如：If I were you, I would quit smoking.如果我是你，我会戒烟。
2. 表达祝愿：虚拟条件句常用于表达对他人的祝愿或希望。
例如：If only I had a chance to go on vacation!真希望我有机会去度假！3. 表达不可能实现的愿望：虚拟条件句也可以用来表达一种不可能实现的愿望或情况。
例如：If I had a million dollars, I would buy a yacht.如果我有一百万美元，我会买一艘游艇。
4. 表达对过去的惋惜：虚拟条件句还可以用来表达对过去情况的惋惜或后悔。
例如：If I had known the truth earlier, I would have acted differently.如果我早知道真相，我会采取不同的行动。
虚拟语气的be动词用法
虚拟语气的be动词用法
虚拟语气是指在表达一种假设、愿望、建议、命令等非现实情况时使用的一种语气，用来表达一种虚构的、与事实相反或不确定的情况。
在英语中，be动词在虚拟语气中的用法有以下几种：
1. 虚拟条件句中的be动词用法：
- If I were you, I would go.（如果我是你，我会去。
）
- If she were here, she would help us.（如果她在这里，她会帮助我们。
）
2. 虚拟愿望句中的be动词用法：
- I wish I were taller.（我希望我更高。
）
- She wishes she were a famous singer.（她希望自己是一位著名的歌手。
）
3. 虚拟建议句中的be动词用法：
- I suggest that he be more careful.（我建议他要更加小心。
）
- It is important that she be on time.（她准时到达很重要。
）
4. 虚拟命令句中的be动词用法：
- It is demanded that the documents be submitted immediately.（要求立即提交文件。
）
- The teacher insisted that the students be quiet.（老师坚持要求学生保持安静。
）
需要注意的是，虚拟语气的be动词在所有人称和时态中都是用were，而不是was。
这是一种固定的用法，并不依赖于主语的人称和时态。
英语虚拟句
英语虚拟句英语虚拟句（Subjunctive Mood）是一种表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、可能性或相反事实的句子。
它并不描述现实中发生的事情，而是描述一个与现实相反或基于想象的情况。
虚拟句通常用于条件状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句中。
虚拟句的结构和用法如下：1.条件状语从句中的虚拟句：●与现在事实相反：If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be动词用were），主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形。
●与过去事实相反：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词。
●与将来事实相反：If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形，或者 If + 主语+ 动词过去式（be动词用were）+ 其他，主语+ would/should/could/might + 动词原形。
2.主语从句和表语从句中的虚拟句：●It is/was + 形容词/名词 + that 主语 + should + 动词原形（should可以省略）。
3.宾语从句中的虚拟句：●wish后的宾语从句：表示与现在事实相反的愿望用过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反的愿望用would/could + 动词原形。
●order, suggest, propose, demand, require, insist等动词后的宾语从句：主语 + (should) + 动词原形。
●advice, request, desire, demand, order, suggestion等名词后的同位语从句或表语从句：主语 + (should) + 动词原形。
4.其他形式的虚拟句：●It/isessential/important/necessary/desirable/advisable/strange/n atural/essential等形容词后的主语从句：主语 + (should) + 动词原形。
虚拟条件句
If I ____________time last night, had had would have gone to see the I _____________ film with you .
If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday
2.与过去相反
if条件从句的谓语形式 与过去情况相 反 had + done 主句的谓语形式 should/would/could/ might + have + done
1).如果我昨天来，就会看见他了。 If I had come here yesterday, I would have seen him. 2).如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。 If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
Exercises: 1. I don’t think I will fail. But if I ______, I would try again. A. should fail √ B. would fail C. have failed D. had failed
2. -- Did you go to watch the basketball match last night? -- No, I didn’t feel well. But I would have gone if I ______. A. were B. did C. should D. had ( felt well ) √
2). 如果我得到消息，就会告诉你的。
虚拟语气用法讲解及练习
虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
不同的语气用动词的不同形式（或句法形式）来表示。
一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语气。
If you don’t work hard, you will fail.如果你不努力，就会失败。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果明天天气好，我们就去野餐。
如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在，或者可能性极小，则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：1.与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?假如你中了彩票，你会做什么？If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. 如果我是你，我会抓住这次出国的机会。
If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.假如我现在有很多钱，我会环游世界，2.与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had been here yesterday, you would have seen her.如果昨天你在这里，就会见到她了。
If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.如果他小心驾驶的话，昨天就不会出事故了。
3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, our plan would be put off.假如明天下雨，我们的计划才可能推迟。
（下雨的可能性很小）If we were to picnic, we would not be able to help.如果到时候我们去野餐，就没办法帮忙了。
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1、虚拟条件句。
2、名词性虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气的其他用语。
一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could, would,或might）＋动词原形，如：If I were you, I wouldstudyhard.If it rained, I wouldnot be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would,或might）＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy wouldhave saved.If I had not studie d hard, I wouldhave failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋原形do过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。
If it should rain tomorr ow, we wouldstay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I couldsee it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you wouldfeel sorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。
3、在条件句中如果出现we re, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy wouldhave saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I wouldsee it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorr ow, we wouldstay at home.二、名词性虚拟语气：在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形，如：Mother insist ed that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）We sugges ted that the meetin g should not be held.It was requir ed that the cropsshould be harves ted at once.（主语从句）The sugges tionthat he be invite d was reject ed.（同位语从句）That is theirdemand that theirwagesbe increa sed.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。
虚拟条件句的形式和用法
虚拟条件句的形式和用法虚拟条件句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用于表示与现实相反的假设情况。
通过使用虚拟条件句，我们可以表达出一些不可能或未实现的情况，从而加深对语言的理解和运用。
虚拟条件句有三种形式，分别是虚拟条件句类型一、类型二和类型三。
虚拟条件句类型一用于表示与现在或将来相反的假设情况。
它的形式是：if +主语 + 动词的过去式，主句用would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：If I were a bird, I would fly freely in the sky. 这个句子表达了一个与现在事实相反的假设情况，即我不是鸟，所以无法自由地在天空中飞翔。
虚拟条件句类型二用于表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设情况。
它的形式是：if + 主语 + 动词的过去式，主句用would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：If I had a million dollars, I would travel around the world. 这个句子表达了一个与现在事实相反的假设情况，即我没有一百万美元，所以无法环游世界。
虚拟条件句类型三用于表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。
它的形式是：if + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主句用would/could/might + have + 过去分词。
例如：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. 这个句子表达了一个与过去事实相反的假设情况，即我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。
虚拟条件句的用法并不仅限于以上三种形式，还可以通过其他方式来表达假设情况。
例如，可以使用“suppose”、“imagine”等词语来引导虚拟条件句。
另外，虚拟条件句也可以用于建议、愿望、命令等情况中。
例如：I suggest that you take a break if you feel tired.（如果你感到疲倦，我建议你休息一下。
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1、虚拟条件句。
2、名词性虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气的其他用语。
一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋动词原形，如：If I were you, I would study hard.If it rained, I would not be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋原形do过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。
3、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、名词性虚拟语气：在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）We suggested that the meeting should not be held.It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.（主语从句）The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.（同位语从句）That is their demand that their wages be increased.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。
虚拟语气用法小结
例如：
It is necessary that he be sent to prison at once. It is best that workers have a pleasant place to relax.
3、用于表语从句或同位语从句中。 请注意下列名词：
suggestion, idea, plan, proposal, recommendation, advice, decision, instruction, insistence, preference, necessity, requirement, resolution, motion, desire… 以上名词后出现的表语从句或同位语从句 中，谓语动词采用(should)+ 中，谓语动词采用(should)+ 动词原形构成 虚拟语气。
1、例如：
I suggest that he (should) go at once. In the past man generally preferred that their wives work at home.
2、用于主语从句中
It is desired (suggested, requested, ordered, decided, arranged, recommended…) that… It is strange (necessary, incredible, urgent, possible, essential, advisable, natural, important, preferable, ridiculous, vital, insistent, best, better…) that… It is a pity (shame, must…) that… 上述结构引起的主语从句中谓语动词采用 (should)+ 动词原形构成虚拟语气。
if 虚拟语气的用法
if 虚拟语气的用法一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令或推测的一种语法形态。
它与现实情况相反，用来表达说话者对某种未实现或不确定事件的态度。
虚拟语气通常通过动词形式的变化来表示，包括谓语动词和从句中的动词。
二、虚拟语气的几个主要用法1. 表示假设：虚拟条件句常使用“if”引导，表示与事实相反的假设情况。
例如：“如果我会飞，我就飞去世界各地旅行。
”在这个句子中，“我会飞”是不可能实现的，所以使用了虚拟语气。
2. 表示愿望：我们可以使用虚拟语气来表达自己的愿望或期望。
例如：“我希望你能尽快好起来。
”在这个句子中，“能尽快好起来”表达了说话者对对方康复的希望。
3. 表示建议：通过使用虚拟语气，我们可以提出建议或建议他人采取某种行动。
例如：“如果你有空闲时间，你可以考虑参加英语培训班。
”在这个句子中，使用虚拟语气表达了对他人的建议。
4. 表示命令：某些情况下，我们可以使用虚拟语气来表示命令或要求。
例如：“我要你马上离开这里！”在这个句子中，“马上离开”是一个虚拟情况，用于强调说话者的命令或要求。
5. 表示推测：有时候，我们无法确定某种情况是否为真实情况，可以使用虚拟语气来表示猜测或推测。
例如：“他似乎生病了，也许应该去看医生。
”在这个句子中，“也许应该去看医生”表示推测或猜测未来可能发生的情况。
三、虚拟语气的注意事项1. 在形式上，谓语动词常为过去式（一般过去时、过去完成时）或动词原形（以下划线标记）。
2. 虚拟语气常与“if”引导的条件句搭配使用。
3. 可以使用连词“as if”和“as though”引导表达假设的从句。
四、几个常见的虚拟语气形式1. “If I were +名词”，用来表达现在或将来虚拟的情况。
例如：“If I were a bird,I would fly away.” (如果我是一只鸟，我会飞走。
)2. “If I had +过去分词”，用来表达对过去事实的虚拟假设。
英语语法虚拟语气用法(if)
虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、建议、假想等不能实现的情况。
1.虚拟语气用于条件句（1）if条件句与现在相反：If I had had a car, I would drive it to Beijing by myself.与将来相反：If I were to do it, I should do it at once.（2）省略if的条件句如果虚拟条件句中含有were\had\should时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，把were\had\should移到主语前面。
如Had I known it, I wouldn’t had made such a silly mistake.注意：如果if引导的条件句谓语动词是否定形式，省略if,否定词not 不提前如：Were it not for rain, I would go shopping now.（3）含蓄条件句有是虚拟条件句不一定要用if条件句的形式表达，而是借助介词、介词短语等，常见形式有：without\thanks to\but for\or\otherwise等。
如：But for your help,I could not get home.2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）主语从句It is important\require...+主语从句在这里表示建议，必要，命令等意思的结构中，要用should +动词原形，should可以省略。
这类形容词和分词有：advised\advisable\better\desired\demand\imperative\important\natural\neces sary\ordered\proposed\possible\required\recommended\suggested\urgent\str ange等。
如： It is important (that)we (should) finish the work.（2）宾语从句A: suggest,require,order...+宾语从句在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、请求、劝告、意志、欲望、命令、安排、决定等动词引导的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气用法归纳完整版
虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。
一、虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语气。
If you don 'work hard, you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.如果假设的情况过去、现在、将来都不存在，则为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：1•与现在事实相反的虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you, I would seize the cha nee to go abroad.If I had a lot of money no w, I would travel around the world.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟If you had bee n here yesterday, you would have see n her.If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟If it were to rain/should rai n/rai ned tomorrow, our pla n would be put off.If we were to pic nic, we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语气通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。
混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。
虚拟语气的构成
虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气是用来表示与事实相反、假设或愿望等非真实情况的语气。
它在语法上有一定的特点和构成方式，本文将就虚拟语气的构成进行详细探讨。
虚拟语气构成的要素包括虚拟条件句和主句中的虚拟动词形式。
一、虚拟条件句的构成虚拟条件句是构成虚拟语气的基础，主要包括三种形式：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反以及与将来事实相反。
1. 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句使用“if + 过去式”或“were + to + 原形动词”的形式。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）2. 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句使用“if + had + 过去分词”或“were +过去分词”的形式。
例如：If I had known the truth, I would have told you. （如果我当时知道真相，我会告诉你的。
）3. 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句使用“if + 动词过去式”或“were + to +动词原形”的形式。
例如：If it were to rain tomorrow, we would cancel the outdoor picnic. （如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消户外野餐。
）二、主句中的虚拟动词形式主句中的虚拟动词形式一般有以下几种：情态动词、过去式、过去完成式以及would, could, should等。
具体的用法如下：1. 情态动词情态动词用于表示非真实情况时，保持不变，不加任何后缀。
例如：If I had more time, I could help you. （如果我有更多时间，我可以帮你。
）2. 过去式主句中使用过去式时，表示与事实相反的虚拟情况。
例如：If I knew the answer, I would tell you. （如果我知道答案，我会告诉你。
）3. 过去完成式过去完成式用于表示过去某个时间点之前发生的事情。
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
1. 嘿，你知道吗？要是我现在有百万财富，那我可就爽歪歪啦！就像一只自由的鸟儿在天空翱翔一样！比如说，要是我有那么多钱，我肯定会立马去环游世界，那该多棒啊！
2. 要是明天不下雨，我们就可以痛痛快快地出去玩咯！这就好比久旱逢甘霖呀！设想一下，如果明天真的没雨，我们去郊外野餐，享受阳光，多惬意呀！
3. 要是她当初再努力一点，现在不就不一样了嘛！就像一艘船加足马力就能驶向远方呀！例如，如果她以前好好学习，现在说不定都成学霸了呢！
4. 要是他能来参加聚会，那肯定会热闹非凡啊！好比是给聚会注入了无限活力！要是他真的来了，大家肯定会玩得特别开心，对吧？
5. 要是我会魔法，那我的生活得多奇妙呀！就如同进入了一个奇幻世界！我要是会魔法，变个大房子出来，多牛啊！
6. 要是你听我的话，事情也不至于这么糟糕呀！这就像在迷雾中找到了正确的方向！比如，你要是早听我的，不就不会搞砸了吗？
7. 要是时间能倒流，我绝对会重新选择！宛如拥有了后悔药一般！要是时间回到过去，我一定会好好把握那个机会的！
8. 要是今天没有作业，那该有多轻松愉快呀！就像卸下了沉重的包袱！假如今天没作业，我们就可以尽情地做自己喜欢的事啦！
我的观点结论：虚拟语气在条件句中的用法真的很神奇，它能让我们表达出各种如果怎样就会怎样的想象和期望，让语言变得更加丰富和生动呢！。
英语中的虚拟语气的用法
英语中的虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法结构，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实的情况。
它通过动词的形式变化来表示与现实情况相反的假设或愿望。
以下是虚拟语气的一些常见用法：1. 虚拟条件句：虚拟条件句用于表示与现实情况相反的假设。
常见的形式为“if + 主语+ 过去式，主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形”。
例如：If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.（如果我有足够的钱，我会买一辆新车。
）2. 虚拟愿望：虚拟愿望用于表示与现实情况相反的愿望。
常见的形式为“wish + 主语+ 过去式”。
例如：I wish I could fly.（我希望我能飞。
）3. 虚拟建议：虚拟建议用于表示建议或命令，常见的形式为“should + 动词原形”或“were to + 动词原形”。
例如：He suggests that we should leave early.（他建议我们早点离开。
）4. 虚拟过去完成时：虚拟过去完成时用于表示与过去事实相反的假设，常见的形式为“if + 主语+ had + 过去分词，主语+would/could/might + have + 过去分词”。
例如：If I had studiedharder, I could have passed the exam.（如果我当时努力学习，我就能通过考试了。
）5. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法：在某些动词后的宾语从句中，需要使用虚拟语气。
常见的动词包括“suggest”、“order”、“demand”等。
例如：He demanded that we should leave immediately.（他要求我们立即离开。
）虚拟语气在英语中有多种用法，需要根据具体语境和句子结构来选择适当的形式。
掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高英语语法水平和表达能力至关重要。
虚拟条件句认识虚拟条件句的用法和表达方式
虚拟条件句认识虚拟条件句的用法和表达方式虚拟条件句：认识虚拟条件句的用法和表达方式虚拟条件句是英语语法中的一种特殊句型，用于表达假设、可能性和想象等情况。
它由一个条件子句和一个结果子句组成，其中条件子句使用虚拟语气来表达非真实的假设条件。
本文将带您深入了解虚拟条件句的用法和表达方式。
一、虚拟条件句的基本结构虚拟条件句的基本结构是：If + 过去时，would/could/might + 动词原形。
其中，条件子句使用过去时态的动词，表示与现实相反的假设情况，而结果子句则使用情态动词would、could或might来表达可能性或想象。
例如：1. If I had more time, I would travel around the world.（如果我有更多时间，我会环游世界。
）2. If I won the lottery, I could buy a big house.（如果我中了彩票，我可以买一栋大房子。
）3. If I were you, I might consider taking a different approach.（如果我是你，我可能会考虑采取不同的方法。
）二、虚拟条件句的用法1. 表达不可能实现的愿望或虚构的情况：If I were a bird, I could fly freely.（如果我是一只鸟，我就可以自由地飞翔。
）注：此处使用"were"而非"was"，表示与现实相反的假设情况。
2. 表达与现实相反的假设条件：If it rained tomorrow, we wouldn't go to the park.（如果明天下雨，我们不会去公园。
）3. 表达过去的非真实假设：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学习更努力，我就能通过考试。
条件句的虚拟语气和句型结构
条件句的虚拟语气和句型结构虚拟语气是英语中常见的一种语法现象，用来表示与实际事实相反或与当前情况相反的假设、愿望、建议等。
虚拟语气在条件句中尤为常见，它使用特定的句型结构来表达不同的条件和假设。
本文将详细介绍条件句的虚拟语气和句型结构，帮助读者更好地理解和运用虚拟语气。
一、实现虚拟条件的结构1. 虚拟条件句的一般现在时态如果主句是一般现在时，从句使用虚拟语气表达与主句相反或与实际情况不符的假设。
例句：If I were rich, I would buy a mansion.（如果我很有钱，我就会买一栋豪宅。
）2. 虚拟条件句的过去时态如果主句是过去时，从句使用虚拟语气表达与主句相反或与实际情况不符的假设。
例句：If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学习更努力，她就会通过考试。
）3. 虚拟条件句的过去完成时态如果主句是过去完成时，从句使用虚拟语气表达与主句相反或与实际情况不符的假设。
例句：If I had known about the party, I would have attended.（如果我早知道派对的事情，我就会去参加了。
）二、其他常见的虚拟语气结构1. 虚拟条件句的将来时态如果主句是将来时，从句使用虚拟语气表达对现在或过去情况的假设。
例句：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我将呆在家里。
）2. 虚拟条件句的过去将来时态如果主句是过去将来时，从句使用虚拟语气表达对过去情况的假设。
例句：If it had snowed last night, we would have built a snowman.（如果昨晚下雪了，我们就会堆雪人。
）3. 虚拟条件句的情态动词使用情态动词来表达虚拟语气的条件句，一般以“would/could/should + 动词原形”结构来表示。
虚拟语气的用法与常见句型
虚拟语气的用法与常见句型虚拟语气是我们在表达某种虚构、假设、愿望或建议等情况下使用的一种语气。
它通过特定的句型和词汇来表达与现实情况不符合的假设或愿望。
在以下的文章中，我们将探讨虚拟语气的用法和一些常见的句型。
一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用于表达对过去或现在的假设情况，虽然这些情况是不可能实现的。
虚拟条件句通常由“if”引导，其中包括两个部分：主句和从句。
1. 虚拟条件句的现在形式：如果+主语+动词的过去式，主语+would/could/should/might+动词的原形。
例如：如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
(If I had time, I would travel.)2. 虚拟条件句的过去形式：如果+主语+had+过去分词，主语+would/could/should/might+have+过去分词。
例如：如果我昨天去了那个聚会，我会见到他的。
(If I had gone to the party yesterday, I would have met him.)二、虚拟语气的用途虚拟语气除了用于条件句之外，还可用于表达愿望、建议、命令、让步等情况。
下面是一些常见的虚拟语气句型。
1. 愿望：(a) 现在的愿望：I wish (that) + 主语 + 过去式例如：I wish I were taller. (我希望我更高。
)(b) 过去的愿望：I wished (that) + 主语 + 过去完成时例如：I wished I had studied harder for the exam. (我希望我在考试前更努力学习。
)2. 建议：It is suggested (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如：It is suggested that he (should) go on a vacation. (有人建议他去度假。
)3. 命令：It is important/necessary/vital + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如：It is important that you (should) arrive on time. (重要的是你按时到达。
虚拟语气用法详解
虚拟语气用法详解一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果;条件句中的根1 将来时的条件句中的;如：If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话,他就会充分利用他的时间了;If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话,他会通知我们一声;2 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气;如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话,它会帮助我们的;If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话,它会对你很熟悉;3过去时的条件句中的;如：If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影,我会把电影内容告诉你了;If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿,我就会会到了李先生;3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题1当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was 代替were;但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中,只能用were;如：Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话,我会去国外学习;If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话,我要尽力抓住这次机会;2 有时,中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待;①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符;如：If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了;②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符;如：If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了;If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了;③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反;如：If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄家会长得更好;If he had been working hard, he would be working in the office now. 要是他工作一直努力的话,他现在已进了办公室了;3当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had 时,if 可省略,而将were, should, had等词置于句首;如：Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去;Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的;Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话,我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了;4有时,句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件,而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断;如：I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 我本该来看你了,然而我太忙了;But for his help, we would be working now. 要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢;Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步;5有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情;①省略从句He would have finished it. 他本该完成了;You could have passed this exam. 你应该会通过这次考试了;②省略主句If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好啊;If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊;二、其他状语从句的虚拟语气1.目的状语从句中的虚拟语气1在for fear that, in case, lest 引导的目的状语从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为：should + 动词原形;并且should 不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入;He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到;2在so that, in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为：can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形;如：He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚;He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词;2.让步状语从句中的虚拟语气1在even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中,可用虚拟语气,主句、从句的结构与if 所引导的条件从句结构相同;如：Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办;Nobody could save him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使华佗在世也救不了他;例如：They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了;He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了;4. 原因状语从句中的虚拟语气amazed, angry, annoyed, astonished, disappointed, frightened, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, upset 等后面的状语从句中常用虚拟语气;其虚拟语气的结构为：① should + 原形动词指现在或将来;如：He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生气,你竟然对他直呼其名;I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question. 我很惊讶他竟答不出如此简单的问题;② should + 完成式, 指过去;如：I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遗憾,你这次考试竟然失败了;I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃惊,父亲竟知道我昨天所做的事情;三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1．英语中,如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist坚决要求, order, propose, request, suggest建议表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其的结构为：should + 原形动词;如：例如：I wish she were not married. 我真希望她没结婚;I wish the bus went to the university. 我希望公共汽车能通到大学;I wish I hadn’t wasted so much money.但愿我没浪费这么多钱;注意,从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,而与wish 的时态无关;比较：I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了;I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了;I wished I were rich. 当时我后悔自己没有钱;I wished I had been rich. 当时我后悔自己曾经没有钱;4.英语中,would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望,故使用虚拟例如：I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影;I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿;We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那儿;四、主语从句中的虚拟语气在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的主语从句中常使用虚拟语气,其虚拟语其的结构为： should + 动词原形,主句中的谓语动词形式不限;句型：1 It is admirable / dreadful / extraordinary / odd / remarkable / sad / advisable / annoying / disappointing / surprising / upsetting / frightening / better / best / curious / desirable / important / strange / peculiar / proper / necessary / natural...that...2 It is a pity / a shame / no wonder...that...3 It is suggested / requested / desired / proposed /... that...4 It worries me that...如：It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. 我们先把功课学好很重要;It is strange that he should not come. 很奇怪,他竟没有来;It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面;It worries me that we should be blamed for that. 我们竟要受责备真让人烦恼;五、表语从句及同位语从句中虚拟语气英语中,表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时,表语从表面上看几屗及同位语从句都须用虚拟语气;其虚拟语气的结构为：should + 动词原形;如：We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help. 我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助;He told us his idea that he should go to university. 他告诉了我们他的想法：他想上大学;His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully. 他的建议就是我们的工作要更细心些;Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他们的计划就是在家乡建一座新工厂;六、定语从句中的虚拟语气英语中,表示：“早该做某事了”时,定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为：It is high / about time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + 动词原形;如：It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 我该去学校接我的女儿了;It is high time you should go to work. 你早该上班了;七、简单句中的虚拟语气1. 说话时,为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌,言语常使用;其虚拟语气的结构形式常为：would / could / might / should + 原形动词;如：Would you mind my shutting the door 我把门关起来你介意吗You should always learn this lesson by heart. 你要把这个教训牢记于心;I should agree with you. 我应该同意你的观点;2.表示“祝愿”时,常用“may + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他”;如：May you have a good journey 祝你一路顺风;May your youth last for ever 祝你青春永驻;3.表示强烈的“愿望”、“祝愿”时,常用动词原形;如：Long live the Communist Party of China. 中|国|共|产|党|万|岁;God bless us. 上帝保佑;4.习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气;1提出请求或邀请;如：Would you like to have a talk with us this evening 今天晚上来跟我们聊天好吗Could I use your bike now 我可以用一下你的单车吗2陈述自己的观点或看法;如：I should glad to meet you. 见到你我会很高兴;I would try my best to help you. 我会尽力帮助你;3提出劝告或建议;如：You’d better ask your father first. 你最好先问一问你的父亲;You should make a full investigation of it first. 你应该先全面调查一番;4提出问题;如：Do you think he could get here on time 你认为他能按时来吗Do you expect he would tell us the truth 你期望他会告诉我们真相吗5表示对过去情况的责备时,常用虚拟语气;其虚拟语气的结构为：“情态动词+ have + 过去分词”;如：You should have got here earlier. 你应该早就到这里了;You should have returned it to him. 你应该把它还给他了;。
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1. (表示条件)如果 ,主句用将来时，if从句用现在时表示将来He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的。
2. (表示虚拟)假如,要是1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。
它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.c. 表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句主句一般过去时 should+ 动词原形were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形should+ 动词原形If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were o sutcceed, everything would be all right.虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，不是表示客观存在的事实，因此虚拟语气常用在含有非真实条件从句的主从复合句中。
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：虚拟条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表示与现在、过去事实或将来事实相反的情况。
虚拟条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等只表示不同的虚拟语气，与陈述语气句中的过去时、过去完成时等没有关系。
具体情况如下：1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would (should, could, might) + 动词原形”。
例如：If he had time, he would attend the meeting.如果他有时间，他会参加这次会议。
If I were a bird, I could fl y in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
2. 表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would (should, could, might) + hav e + 过去分词”。
例如：If y ou had taken my adv i ce, y ou woul dn’t have failed i n the ex amination. 如果你接受我的建议，在这次考试中你就不会失败。
If y ou hav e worked hard, y ou wouldn’t hav e failed in the ex am.如果你早用功，你就不至于考试不及格了。
3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件从句的谓语动词用“过去式/ s hould + 动词原形/ were to + 动词原形”，主句中的谓语动词用“would (should, could, might) + 动词原形”。
例如：If it were to rai n tomorrow, the meeting woul d be put off.假如明天下雨，会议就会被推迟。
提示：⑴用虚拟语气表示条件的条件从句，可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后，但所表达意义的侧重点不同。
主句在前时，强调“结果”；从句在前时，强调“条件”。
⑵在书面语中有时可省略条件从句中的if，但须将从句中的were, had, woul d或should放到从句中的主语之前。
例如：Were I in sc hool again, I would wor k harder.如果我能再上学，我就会更努力地学习。
Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.如果明天有会议，我会来的。
Had y ou arri v ed at the station ten minutes earlier y es terday, y ou c ould have c aught the train.如果你昨天早十分钟到火车站，你就赶上火车了。
⑶可用介词短语代替条件从句。
例如：If there weren’t air, there would be no li v ing things.= Without air, there would be no li v ing things.如果没有空气，就会没有生命。
【巩固精练】用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. If it rained, they ___________ (stay) at home.2. We would be ver y much pleased if y ou ___________ (come).3. What a pity! I hav en’t got my c ar. If I had, I _______ (tak e) you to the airport.4. We would ans wer the questions if we ___________ (can).5. If I were y ou, I __________ (take) a l ong wal k before going to bed.Key s：1. woul d stay2. c ame3. would tak e4. c ould5. would tak e高考虚拟语气的归纳间接引语中的条件句高中英语语法：虚拟语气虚拟语气常见错误虚拟语气的用法/s yy条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。
(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。
(虚拟语气)虚拟条件句的三种基本类型一、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If you took a taxi，you’d get there quicker.如果你坐出租车去，你可以快一点到那里。
(但你不坐)If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道)二、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time.要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
(但我动身太迟了)If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life. 要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。
(可惜我们找到他太晚了)三、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去吗?(大概他不会去)If I asked him，I’m sure he’d help us.如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。
(不过我不打算这样做)/zxyy/200906/13177.html注：几点特别说明①主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。
would, might, could的大致区别是：would 表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较：If you tried again you would succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。
(would表结果) If you tried again you might succeed. 要是你再试一试，你可能会成功的。
(might表可能) If you tried again you could succeed. 要是你再试一试，你就能成功了。
(could表能力)②条件从句的谓语动词为be时，不管其主语为单数还是复数通常都用were，但在口语或非正式文体中的单数第一人称和第三人称后，也可用was，不过在 If I were you这样的表达中，通常还是以用were为宜。
③有时条件从句用would表示愿意：If he would live on with me, I would be his better half. 要是他还愿意跟我过，我仍会做他的妻子。
④对于与将来事实相反的情形，请注意以下几点：一是这里说的与将来事实相反，实为对将来情况的推测；二是此用法中的条件从句谓语除用过去式外，有时也用“should+动词原形”(表示可能性极小，常译为“万一”)或“were to+动词原形”(表示与将来事实相反的假设)；三是当条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语时，主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气或祈使语气：If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me.万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。