制程能力分析
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8
Capability Analysis 制程能力分析
By Strive Zhou
9
Process capability analysis using different Types of data 使用不同类别数据进行制程能力分析
Variable 计量型
Attribute 记数型
By Strive Zhou
通常，长期与短期的 Sigma 水平1.5 σ
By Strive Zhou
19
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
By Strive Zhou
20
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
使用许多机器
❖ Analyzing the performance of many operators 许多操作者
❖ Using many lots of incoming parts 使用多批原材料
By Strive Zhou
15
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
38
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
39
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
❖ Calculate short term shift (with Minitab) 使用Minitab来计算短 期波动
❖ Stat>Quality Tools>Capability analysis (Normal)
7
What brings defects? 什么导致缺陷？
Unstable incoming material 不稳定的原材料
By Strive Zhou
Inappropriate specification design 不适当的规格设计
Poor process Capability 不充分的制程能力
By Strive Zhou
13
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
By Strive Zhou
14
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
❖ From many shifts of production
从许多生产班次而来
❖ Observing many machines
7
8
9
By Strive Zhou
30
Step 2: Sample Data-Rational Grouping 步骤2：采集数据－合理分组
By Strive Zhou
31
Step 2: Sampling 步骤2：取样
♣ Eg. The engineer takes 5 data a day for consecutively 7 days.
10
Process Sampling – short term 过程抽样－短期
By Strive Zhou
11
Process Sampling – short term 过程抽样－短期
By Strive Zhou
12
Process Sampling – Short Term / Long Term 过程抽样－短期/长期
21
Types of Capability Analysis 能力分析的类型
By Strive Zhou
22
Types of Capability Analysis 能力分析的类型
By StrLeabharlann Baiduve Zhou
23
Capability Issues 能力相关的问题
By Strive Zhou
24
By Strive Zhou
40
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
By Strive Zhou
41
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
❖ Calculate short term shift (with Minitab) 使用Minitab来计算短 期波动
Data collected from Rational Grouping Samples. 快速凭票采集的数据应从合理分组中抽样
O o o oo o O oo o
O oo o o o O oo oo o O o o oo o
O o oo oo O oo o o o O oooo o
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
6σ
6σ
A Very, Very Capable Process 制程能力非常充分
σ =0.04
6
Sigma Level Sigma 水平 3σ Process
4σ Process
6σ Process
Customer Requirement and capability 能力与客户要求
By Strive Zhou
例：工程师每天采集5次数据,连续7天进行以上数据采集工作 Collected data entered into file PEN.mtw 采集的数据放在PEN. Mtw 文件中；
By Strive Zhou
Pen. mtv
32
Analysis short-term and long-term variation 分析短期和长期波动
5
How Capable Is It? 制程能力如何？
USL LSL
3σ 3σ 4σ 4σ
Capable Process 制程能力充分
A Very Capable Process
制程能力很充分
USL LSL
Standard Deviation
标准差 σ =0.08
σ =0.06
USL LSL
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
18
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
Normally, the difference between long-term and short-term Sigma Level is the 1.5σ shift.
By Strive Zhou
34
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
➢ Another may is though observation: 另外一个方法可用来观察
k
j 1
m i 1
Yij
y
2
k j 1
n
j
Yi
y
2
k j 1
m i 1
Yij
y
2
By Strive Zhou
♣ Are the specifications correct for the parameter (Y) (output variable)? 参数Y的规格正确吗？ （过程输出变量） ♣ Is the parameter (Y) center between the lower and upper limits? 参数Y是否在规格上下限之间的中心点？ ♣ To ascertain true capability, we must use a true specification for calculation. 要确定真实的能力，真实的规格是必要的
Frequency
Process Capability – Variable Data 制程能力－－－计量型数据
By Strive Zhou
25
Variable Output: The Method 计量输出：方法
By Strive Zhou
26
Step 1: Check Specification 步骤1：规格确认
35
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
Opportunity 机会
By Strive Zhou
36
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
37
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
27
Example 举例
Pen. mtv
By Strive Zhou
28
Step 1: Check Specification 步骤1：规格确认
By Strive Zhou
29
Step 2: Sample Data-Rational Grouping 步骤2：采集数据－合理分组
Capability Analysis 能力分析
By Strive Zhou
1
Process Improvement Methodology 制程改善方法论
By Strive Zhou
2
What is Capability 制程能力是……
When process is under control, capability is decided by customer demand and process performance (product or service quality shifting degree), The more the process meets the customer need, the better the capability will be. 制程在受控状态下时，客户要求与制程表现（产品品质或服务的品 质变动程度）的比值，如果制程表现越能满足客户要求，则制程能 力越充分，反之则不足。
❖ Stat>Quality Tools>Capability analysis (Normal)
By Strive Zhou
42
Step3: Calculate Zu and Z1 步骤3：计算Zu和Z1
zusl
usl x sshortterm
126.5 124.61 3.86 0.49
By Strive Zhou
33
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
➢ Rule: If 80% of the inputs vary within their natural limit, then the output data can be considered long term. 准则：如果80%的输入是在它们自然的范围中起伏，则输出的数据可被认为 是长期的；
LSL USL
4
How Capable Is It? 制程能力如何？
6σ
LSL
USL
Capable Process
制程能力充分
6σ
6σ
By Strive Zhou
LSL
A Very USL
Capable Process
制程能力很充分
LSL A Very, Very USL Capable Process 制程能力非常充分
Sigma Level Sigma 水平
1 2 3 4 5 6
Short-term DPMO 短期的DPMO
158655.3 22750.1
1350 31.7 0.3 0.0
Long-Term DPMO 长期的DPMO
691462.5 308537.5 66807.2
6209.7 232.7
3.4
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
16
Long-term and Short – term Capability 长期/短期制程能力
LSL 规格下限
USL 规格上限
Short -term
By Strive Zhou
Long –term
17
Long-term and Short – term Capability 长期/短期制程能力
♣ Data collected should be able to reflect term and long term performance (if possible) 数据采集应能捕捉过程的短期绩效和长期绩效（若有可能）
➢ Data can be collected within a short period of time and arranged in a time sequence. 可通过快速采集一系列数据来完成，这些数据按照时间序列排列；
LSL
USL
By Strive Zhou
3
What is Capability 制程能力是……
A
C
LSL
USL
LSL USL
B
D
What can we conclude form the capability of these process? 这些制程的制程能力 如何？
LSL USL
By Strive Zhou
Capability Analysis 制程能力分析
By Strive Zhou
9
Process capability analysis using different Types of data 使用不同类别数据进行制程能力分析
Variable 计量型
Attribute 记数型
By Strive Zhou
通常，长期与短期的 Sigma 水平1.5 σ
By Strive Zhou
19
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
By Strive Zhou
20
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
使用许多机器
❖ Analyzing the performance of many operators 许多操作者
❖ Using many lots of incoming parts 使用多批原材料
By Strive Zhou
15
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
38
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
39
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
❖ Calculate short term shift (with Minitab) 使用Minitab来计算短 期波动
❖ Stat>Quality Tools>Capability analysis (Normal)
7
What brings defects? 什么导致缺陷？
Unstable incoming material 不稳定的原材料
By Strive Zhou
Inappropriate specification design 不适当的规格设计
Poor process Capability 不充分的制程能力
By Strive Zhou
13
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
By Strive Zhou
14
Process Sampling –Long Term 过程抽样－/长期
❖ From many shifts of production
从许多生产班次而来
❖ Observing many machines
7
8
9
By Strive Zhou
30
Step 2: Sample Data-Rational Grouping 步骤2：采集数据－合理分组
By Strive Zhou
31
Step 2: Sampling 步骤2：取样
♣ Eg. The engineer takes 5 data a day for consecutively 7 days.
10
Process Sampling – short term 过程抽样－短期
By Strive Zhou
11
Process Sampling – short term 过程抽样－短期
By Strive Zhou
12
Process Sampling – Short Term / Long Term 过程抽样－短期/长期
21
Types of Capability Analysis 能力分析的类型
By Strive Zhou
22
Types of Capability Analysis 能力分析的类型
By StrLeabharlann Baiduve Zhou
23
Capability Issues 能力相关的问题
By Strive Zhou
24
By Strive Zhou
40
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
By Strive Zhou
41
Example-Short Term Shift 短期波动的例子
❖ Calculate short term shift (with Minitab) 使用Minitab来计算短 期波动
Data collected from Rational Grouping Samples. 快速凭票采集的数据应从合理分组中抽样
O o o oo o O oo o
O oo o o o O oo oo o O o o oo o
O o oo oo O oo o o o O oooo o
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
6σ
6σ
A Very, Very Capable Process 制程能力非常充分
σ =0.04
6
Sigma Level Sigma 水平 3σ Process
4σ Process
6σ Process
Customer Requirement and capability 能力与客户要求
By Strive Zhou
例：工程师每天采集5次数据,连续7天进行以上数据采集工作 Collected data entered into file PEN.mtw 采集的数据放在PEN. Mtw 文件中；
By Strive Zhou
Pen. mtv
32
Analysis short-term and long-term variation 分析短期和长期波动
5
How Capable Is It? 制程能力如何？
USL LSL
3σ 3σ 4σ 4σ
Capable Process 制程能力充分
A Very Capable Process
制程能力很充分
USL LSL
Standard Deviation
标准差 σ =0.08
σ =0.06
USL LSL
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
18
Long-term and short-term capability (Zshift) 长期和短期能力（Z－偏差）
Normally, the difference between long-term and short-term Sigma Level is the 1.5σ shift.
By Strive Zhou
34
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
➢ Another may is though observation: 另外一个方法可用来观察
k
j 1
m i 1
Yij
y
2
k j 1
n
j
Yi
y
2
k j 1
m i 1
Yij
y
2
By Strive Zhou
♣ Are the specifications correct for the parameter (Y) (output variable)? 参数Y的规格正确吗？ （过程输出变量） ♣ Is the parameter (Y) center between the lower and upper limits? 参数Y是否在规格上下限之间的中心点？ ♣ To ascertain true capability, we must use a true specification for calculation. 要确定真实的能力，真实的规格是必要的
Frequency
Process Capability – Variable Data 制程能力－－－计量型数据
By Strive Zhou
25
Variable Output: The Method 计量输出：方法
By Strive Zhou
26
Step 1: Check Specification 步骤1：规格确认
35
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
Opportunity 机会
By Strive Zhou
36
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
37
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
27
Example 举例
Pen. mtv
By Strive Zhou
28
Step 1: Check Specification 步骤1：规格确认
By Strive Zhou
29
Step 2: Sample Data-Rational Grouping 步骤2：采集数据－合理分组
Capability Analysis 能力分析
By Strive Zhou
1
Process Improvement Methodology 制程改善方法论
By Strive Zhou
2
What is Capability 制程能力是……
When process is under control, capability is decided by customer demand and process performance (product or service quality shifting degree), The more the process meets the customer need, the better the capability will be. 制程在受控状态下时，客户要求与制程表现（产品品质或服务的品 质变动程度）的比值，如果制程表现越能满足客户要求，则制程能 力越充分，反之则不足。
❖ Stat>Quality Tools>Capability analysis (Normal)
By Strive Zhou
42
Step3: Calculate Zu and Z1 步骤3：计算Zu和Z1
zusl
usl x sshortterm
126.5 124.61 3.86 0.49
By Strive Zhou
33
Short-term or Long-term 短期还是长期？
➢ Rule: If 80% of the inputs vary within their natural limit, then the output data can be considered long term. 准则：如果80%的输入是在它们自然的范围中起伏，则输出的数据可被认为 是长期的；
LSL USL
4
How Capable Is It? 制程能力如何？
6σ
LSL
USL
Capable Process
制程能力充分
6σ
6σ
By Strive Zhou
LSL
A Very USL
Capable Process
制程能力很充分
LSL A Very, Very USL Capable Process 制程能力非常充分
Sigma Level Sigma 水平
1 2 3 4 5 6
Short-term DPMO 短期的DPMO
158655.3 22750.1
1350 31.7 0.3 0.0
Long-Term DPMO 长期的DPMO
691462.5 308537.5 66807.2
6209.7 232.7
3.4
By Strive Zhou
By Strive Zhou
16
Long-term and Short – term Capability 长期/短期制程能力
LSL 规格下限
USL 规格上限
Short -term
By Strive Zhou
Long –term
17
Long-term and Short – term Capability 长期/短期制程能力
♣ Data collected should be able to reflect term and long term performance (if possible) 数据采集应能捕捉过程的短期绩效和长期绩效（若有可能）
➢ Data can be collected within a short period of time and arranged in a time sequence. 可通过快速采集一系列数据来完成，这些数据按照时间序列排列；
LSL
USL
By Strive Zhou
3
What is Capability 制程能力是……
A
C
LSL
USL
LSL USL
B
D
What can we conclude form the capability of these process? 这些制程的制程能力 如何？
LSL USL
By Strive Zhou