被动语态讲解及练习题

被动语态一概念：对比主动语态二：被动语态的构成1 基本结构：______________________________.2 各种时态的被动语态：注意：短语动词变为被动语态：不可丢掉短语动词的介词或副词eg. We should speak to old men politely.------ Old men should ____________________ politely.Don’t be afraid to __________________while learning a foreign language. (被嘲笑)类似用法：be listened to be taken care of be looked after be caught up with ……三：特殊用法1 主动表被动 a write, read, sell, wash, drive, ride …. 用作不及物动词，主语是物时，可用主动表示被动。

eg. This kind of pen _______________. 这种笔写起来很流畅。

This kind of shirt ______________-.卖的很好。

b. 感官动词等系动词用主动表示被动look sound taste smell feelUniforms ______________ on us. 我们穿着制服很难看We Chinese think moon cakes ______________________than the bread. 我们中国人认为月饼比面包好吃。

There apples ______ well because they ________ nice.A are sold, lookB sell, lookC sell, are lookedD are sold, are lookedc. want, need, require + doing表被动相当于want/need/require + to be doneMy bike needs ________________. 我的自行车需要修理。

2 不用被动语态的情况.不及物动词没有被动语态常见的动词happen, arrive, die, come, go, take place,eg.1The pen _____well. It ______well too. A is written, sells B is written, is sold C writes, is soldD writes, sells2 Great changes _________ in China since 1919. A have been taken place B have takenplaceC took placeD was taken place3 – What do you think of the football match yesterday? —Well. It’s surprising. The strongestteam of our school______. A was beaten B won C scored D was failed3 省略to的动词不定式变为被动语态时要还原to hear ,watch ,see ,notice ,let, make, have, help ….He ______ in the classroom just now. He _____ be there now. A heard to sing, may B was heard sing, mustC heard sing, mustD was heard to sing, mayTom is often made ______for twelve hours a day by the boss. A work B working C to work D to be working主谓一致：（语法一致，意义一致，就近原则）一：语法一致即主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即是否单三1 and, both… and 连接两个或三个以上名次做主语时，谓语动词用________形式eg. Both reading and writing _____ very important.2 主语+ with/together with/ as well as/ including/ besides/ except/ like/ but…，谓语动词的数由主语的数决定eg. No one but I ____________. 除了我没有一个人犯错。

Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters _________ playing football very much. 喜欢Everyone except Tom and John ______ there when the meeting began. (be )3 由some, any, no, every 等构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语需用_______形式。

主语包含each, every 时，谓语动词用单数形式。

One, none, each, neither + of + 名词复数做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

Eg. _____ of the boys in Class4 is playing games. A All B Each C The both D Everyone Listen! Someone _____ outside. A sing B sings C is singing D are singing4 不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词一般用__________. Eg. To teach is to learn. 教学相长。

5用half of, part of, most of,分数，百分数…+ n 做主语时，谓语动词与n保持一致--- How many teachers are there in your school? ---About 200. One third of them _____ men teachers. (be)6 由a pair(kind) of + 名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数My shoes ____ worn out. This pair of shoes _______________, 穿坏了二：意义一致1 集体名词作主语时，谓语动词根据主语的意思来决定。

family, team, class, crowd, group …如果表示一个整体，谓语动词用_______, 如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语用________.My family _____ having dinner when the guest came.(be) The whole class ______greatly moved at his word. (be) The Chinese badminton team ______ playing magnificently. (be)2 集体名词做主语，谓语用复数例people, police, cattle但是clothing, traffic, furniture作主语时用单数3 表示度量，价格，时间，长度的名词复数作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数Three years _____ a long time. Fifty yuan ____________ to Mr. Green. 付给Mr. Green 50元4形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语，谓语用单数例如news, physics, politics ….I think physics ___________________ maths. 和数学一样有用。

三：就近一致原则1 由or, ________, ___________, ________________ 连接并列主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。

2 在there be, here be 句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致There ______ some Chinese and three Americans in the traveling team.Here _____ a letter and two books for youPractice:1 --- How beautiful our hometown is! ---Yes, trees and flowers can ___________everywhere. 到处可见2 I believe that these mountains _________________ with trees in a few years’ time. 覆盖3 Today the forests have almost gone. People must ________________________down many trees.阻止人们砍伐树木。

4 Because of the dry weather, lots of water ________________ to water the crop.必须担水浇田5. This kind of food _______________ cool, and dry. 必须凉爽干燥的保存6 The young man who stole many bikes in our school __________ the day before yesterday.(catch)7 Mr. Johnson’s story ____________________ by everyone who heard it. (嘲笑)8 I know she won’t come to join us unless she ___________ to. (tell)9 A talk on developments in science and technology _________________ in the school hall last week. (give)10 --- You should tell Tom that he ___________________ to work for the 21st UNIVERSIADE already.---- I think so, I will tell him on his birthday. (choose)( )11.Oh, the milk ______ strange. Do you think it’s ok to drink? A was taste B tasted C is tasting D tastes( )12.--- Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? --- No, I ______.A am not invitedB wasn’t invitedC haven’t invitedD didn’t invite( )13 I’m sorry y ou can’t go now, the room ______ yet. A hasn’t been cleaned B hasn’t cleaned C isn’t been cleaned D isn’t being cleaned( )14. ---How much ____ these shoes? --- Forty yuan ____ enough. A are, are B are, is C is, is D is are( )15.A report says hundreds and thousands of trees ______ in the Amason rainforest last year.A was cut downB have been cut downC were cut downD had been cut down( )16 Li Li is away. She with her mother _____ to Zhalong to see birds. A has gone B have gone C has been( )17 In our school library there _____ a number of books on science and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger. A is, are B are, is C has, is D have, are( )18.How time flies! Ten years _____ passed. A have B has C is D are( )19 --- When are you going to Kunming for your holidays? --- I haven’t decided. ____ this Sunday ____ next Sunday is OK. A Both, and B. Either, or C. Neither, nor D Not only, but also( )20.There ____ a pair of shoes under the bed, the shoes _____ mine. A is, are B is, is C are, is D are, are( )21.Each of the boys _____ an apple. A have B has C to have D to has( )22 ____ she or you going to Beijing next week? A Is B Are C Was D Were( )23 Swimming in the pool with the children _____ very interesting. A has B have C is D are( )24 The Greens ____ getting ready for their trip. A are B is C has been( )25 Maths, as well as English , ______ important in middle schools.A were veryB is greatC are greatD is very( )26. Those who _____ singing may join us. A is fond of B enjoy C likes D are liking ( )27 The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _____ from countryside in our school.A wasB wereC isD are( )28 – How often _____ your school sports meeting ______? ---- Once a year.A does, holdB was, holdC is, heldD did, hold( )29 Can you tell me whom the play ____in 1998?A was written by B was written C is written byD is written( )30 James with the Greens ______ the White Tower Park if it _______ tomorrow.A are going to, isn’t rainyB are going to, doesn’t rainC is going to, won’t rainD is going too, isn’t rainy( )31 ______ chickens were killed because of bird flu.A A large number ofB The number ofC MuchD Thousand of( )32 --- Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? --- I think ______ them are useful. A either of B none of C both of D all of ( ) 33 Doing eye exercises ______ good for your health. A are B is C have D has ( ) 34 The police ____ looking for the murderer.A amB isC areD be( ) 35 Not only students but also their teacher _____ the plan. A object B objects C is object D is objected( ) 36 She promises that the child will ________. A be taken care B be taken care of C take care D take care of ( ) 37 One of the students _____ late for school this morning. A had B was C is D were( ) 38 Li Ming’s family ___ a large one. Now, the whole family _____ watching TV.A is, isB are, areC are, isD is, are ( )39 ____ you ____ he is able to ski, but Iam.A Both, andB Not only, but alsoC Either, orD Neither, nor( ) 40 Every boy and every girl _____ to take part in the competition. A wishes B wish C are going D are被动语态和主谓一致出题人：李原1 The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _____ to the hospital.A takesB is takenC took D was taken2 The flowers ____ever day, or they will die. A must water B can be watered C should water D must be watered3 Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars, _____ of them have set a good example to us.A allB neitherC bothD none4 The baby __by his grandmother from Monday to Friday. A was taken care B was taken care of C was looked at5 Either Jane or Steve ______ watching TV now. A were B is C are6 --- Do you live alone, Mr.Wang?--- Yes. I have two children. But ___ of them lives with me.They are now studying in England. A both B none C neither7 ___ Lily ___ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.A Not only…but alsoB Neither…nor…C Both… and…D Either…or…8 Mrs.Turner has bought a CD player as a present, but ____ her son ____ her daughter likes it.A either…or…B not only…but also…C both…and…D neither…nor9 English _____ a lot for business between different countries. A uses B used C has used D is used10 We have got two TV sets, but _____ works well. A any B both C either D neither11 Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it ______? A built B was built C has built Dhas been built12 --Who has got ready for the test, Jane or you? -- ______, sir.A All of themB Both of usC Neither of themD Either of you13 His computer ____by his father last week. A was taken away B had taken away C has takenaway14 ---will you go to the dinner party?---I won’t go unless Tom ___. A is invited B will be invited Chas invited15. I think physics _____ more difficult than maths. A is B are C have D has 16. --- How many students are there in your school? --- ____ the students in our school ____ over two thousand.A The number of; isB The number of; areC A number of; isD A number of; are17.All the information except these two pieces _____ writing the article.A have been used toB has been used toC have been used forD has been used for18 None of the shoes in the shop fit me well, they are ____ too big ____ too small.A both; andB either; orC neither; norD not only; but also19 The work ____ in three hours. Let’s hurry! A must finish B will finish D must be finished20 Could you tell me whom the play ____ in 1998? A was written by B was written C is written byD is written21 Great changes ____in China since 1919. A have been taken place B have taken place C took place D was taken place 22 As Chinese grows stronger and stronger, Chinese ____ more and more schools out of our country. A teaches B is taught C has taught D was taught23 Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _____ as “People’s writer”A is regardedB has regardedC is regardingD regards24. It is said in the newspaper that 215 more new schools ____ in Zhengzhou by 2020.A are buildingB were builtC have builtD will be built25 70% of the earth ____ covered with water. A are B is C were D being26 China’s sports starts Yao Ming and Liu Xiang ____ Goodwill Ambassadors (亲善大使) for Shanghai.A has been namedB have been namedC has namedD have named27-- Can you come and give us a talk on Thursday or Friday? --- I am afraid ____ day is possible.A eitherB neitherC everyD any28 Three hours ___ quite a long time for the students to play computer games every day. A is B were C was D are29 Neither Susan nor the twins ___ before. A surfs B has surfed C surfed D have surfed。