初三英语时态语态完整总结

初中英语时态语态总结列表

时态名称时态用法（含义）主动结构被动结构及例句时间状语主动结构例句注意（考点）

现在时一般

现在

1）经常性、习惯性、反复性

做的动作

2）现存的状态或特征

3）客观事实或普遍真理

主语+ am / is / are

主语+ _____________ (do)

主语+ ________ + _________

The pen is used to write.

The books __________ (read) by

many people.

every day / year, on Sundays, at

weekends, on weekdays, always,

usually, often, sometimes,

seldom, never等频率副词

1) He goes to school every

day.

2) We are very happy.

3) The earth __________

(move) around the sun.

1) 时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表示将来

如: I’ll visit you when you come back home.

Please call on me if you are free.

常出现的连词有：when, if, before, after, as soon as, until, though

(although)

现在

进行

1）现在某时刻正在进行的动

作

2）现阶段正在进行的动作

主语+ am / is / are

+_____________

※主语+am / is / are+ being done

My homework is being done

now.

now, at the moment, these days,

look, listen, hurry up等语境

1) What are you doing now?

2) He ___________ (learn)

English these days.

1) 表示感觉、愿望、状态的一些动词如：hear like want have

一般不用进行时态

2) always, often等用于进行时，表示感情色彩。

The boy is always asking silly questions. (表示厌烦)

现在

完成

1）过去发生或已完成的动作

对现在造成的影响或结果

2）过去已经开始，延续到现

在的动作或状态

主语+_________ + 过去分词主语+__________+ __________

The house has already been built.

The lost boys _______ just

____________ (find).

already, yet, ever, never just,

before, for+时间段，

since+时间点

some times, so far (by now),

in the past (last) ten years

1) He has finished his

homework.

2) They ___________ (live)

here for two years.

在肯定句中，第2）种用法使用延续性谓语动词，不能用短暂

性动词; 还要注意短暂动词和延续动词的转化，如：come-be

here, go-be there, buy-have, borrow-keep, die- be dead,

become-be, leave-be away from, join-be in

e.g.He came here two days ago.--- He has been here for two days.

过去时一般

过去

1）过去某时发生的动作状态

2）过去经常或反复发生动作

主语+ ______________ (be)

主语+ 行为动词过去式

主语+__________ + _________

The work was finished yesterday.

China ______________ (found)

on Oct. 1st, 1949.

yesterday, in 1967, a moment

ago, just now, at that moment,

then, last week, in the past, at the

age of, once upon a time

1) I was ill last night.

2) The girls _________ (lie)

on the grass just now.

3) They were often late for

school last term.

1) 表示过去经常发生的动作还可以用used to do 但used to

do 强调与现在的对比，暗示现在不是过去的情况了。

如：He used to be late for school last term. 他上学期总迟到。

（暗示现在不迟到了。）

2) 在交际用语中，一般过去时体现委婉语气。

Could you tell me the way to the nearest bank?

过去

进行

1）过去某一时刻正在进行或

发生的动作

2）过去某一段时间内正在进

行或发生的动作

主语+ was / were +

_____________

※主语+was / were + being done

A meeting was being held at this

time yesterday..

at this time yesterday, at ten last

Sunday, from 8 to 10 yesterday

morning, when/while引导的时

间状语从句

1) He __________ (study) at

this time yesterday.

2) They were having an

exam from 8 to 10 yesterday

morning.

常用于when while 引导的时间状语从句及其主句中如:

He was reading when I came in.

He came in while I was reading.

※

过去

完成

过去某一时刻或动作之前已经

发生或完成的动作

主语+ had + 过去分词主语+had + been done

Five new houses had been built

by the end of last year.

by the end of last term

by the time+一般过去时的从句

1) We had built five new

houses by the end of last

year. 2) By the time she

arrived, the train had left.

常用于宾语从句He said that he had finished his homework

也用于时间状语从句及其主句: He had finished it when I

returned. / I retuned when he had finished it.

将来时一般

将来

1）将来某个时间要发生的动

作或存在的状态

2）将来的计划或打算

主语+_____________ + do

主语+ am/is/are + going to do

主语+_________+ __________

主+am/is/are +going to be done

A doctor will be sent for in ten

minutes.

A new bridge __________ (build)

over the river next year.

tomorrow, next week, soon,

in five days, in (the) future

1) We will finish it

tomorrow.

2) He __________ (be) six

years old next year.

3) We’re going to have a

picnic tomorrow.

1）表示位移的动词，如come, go, leave, arrive，用现在进行

时表示短暂的将来如：I’m coming soon.

2）begin, start, open, close等动词可以用一般现在时表示将

来，指按计划、规定要发生的动作如：The train starts at

9 a.m.

过去将来时

※

一般

过去

将来

在过去某个时间看来，将要发

生的动作或存在的状态

主语+ would + do

主语+ was/were going to do

主语+ would + be done

主+was/were +going to be done

He said this island would be

visited by many people soon.

the next week

the day before

He said that he would come

if it did n’t rain the next day.

(宾语从句和条件状语从句

嵌套)

常用于宾语从句

She said that she would visit China the next week.

也用于状语从句

Whenever he had time, he would do some reading.