2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析
2021年英语四级阅读练习题附答案和解析(4)
2021年英语四级阅读练习题附答案和解析(4)PassageIn the old days,children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年轻人)who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick，we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients—even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥夺)the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit,not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of itspotential outcome.It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients’ communications in order to truly understand their needs，fears，and fantasies (幻想). Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly，and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition，and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.It may be concluded from the passage that __.A. dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of deathB. dying patients should be truthfully informed of their conditionC. most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients needD. most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitable【答案讲解】B推理题。
2021年12月大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题及答案详解(全套)
2021年12月大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题及答案（全套）——幸福就好我亦安2021年12月大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题（一）【阅读】Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Evensimple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them —in other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (盖弃）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol."Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2021 study, for instance, people who drank the same 3S0-calorie (卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.注意：此部份试题请在答题卡2上作答。
最新2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解精析(精选)
【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解精析Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.People who take part in hunting think of as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox’s smell, which the dogs follow.Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament toapprove a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.A. for recreationB. in the interests of the farmersC. to limit the fox populationD. to show off their wealth2. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?A. It involves the use of a deadly poison.B. It is a costly event which rarely occurs.C. The hunters have set rules to follow.D. The hunters have to go through strict training.3. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.A. by resorting to violenceB. by confusing the fox huntersC. by taking legal actionD. by demonstrating on the scene4. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.A. prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB. forbid hunting foxes with dogsC. stop hunting wild animals in the countrysideD. prevent large-scale fox hunting5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. killing foxes with poison is illegalB. limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC. hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD. fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich参考答案1.[A] 事实细节题。
最新2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解三篇(精选)
【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解Nearly two thousand years have passed since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate the weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and evaluating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnished by governmental agencies and private organizations are eagerly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were aired at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was the thought that business forecasting might well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement and endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, would have associated more readily with the des cription of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the President-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually in order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the conviction, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts have their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exactitude.【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women’s voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute powerof God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a woman’s subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women’s physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era (1558—1603) the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne (King James’ consort) and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education (modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin) and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women’s lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women’s mature and role.Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian’s immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul’s e pistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife’s subjection to her husband, but some texts (notably Galatians 3:28) ins cribe a very different politics, promoting women’s spiritual equality: “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.” Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estates in their husbands’ absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum(1640-60) as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.【篇三】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解Moreover, insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him, the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation. He was, formally, perhaps clerically educated, as his Latin and music, his Biblical and patristic lore indicate. He is, still, celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man, his sharp eye for character, a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous, coarse and happy. Hence despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical and stanza forms, he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck, indignantly angry at, uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presenting the plight of the agricultural poor.Thus taking the play and the author together, it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama. Hence much emphasis on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December 24th. After what are often regarded as almost “documentaries” given in the three successive monologues of the three shepherds, critics go on to affirm that the realism is then intensified into a burlesquemock-treatment of the Nativity. Finally as a sort of epilogue orafter-thought in deference to the Biblical origins of the materials, the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early innocent reverence. Actually, as we shall see, the final scene is not only the culminating scene but perhaps the raison d’etre of introductory “realism.”There is much on the surface of the present play to support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism. All the same, the “realism” of the Wakefield Master is of a paradoxical turn. His wide knowledge of people, as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in close relation to his times. Still, that life was after all a predominantly religious one, a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious and sinful creature in need of redemption, So deeply (one can hardly say “naively” of so sophisticated a writer) and implicitly religious is the Master that he is less able (or less willing) to present actual history realistically than is the authorof the Brome “Abraham and Isaac”. His historical sense is even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done for his own time costume romances, such as The Knight’s Tale, Troilus and Cressida, etc. Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for taking liberties with history.。
2021年英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(4)
2021年英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(4)Passage 4Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of __1__ or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as __2__ or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are __3__ years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to __4__ with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can __5__ affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷)in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be __6__ that youth sportparticipation does not become work for children. That outcome of the game should not be more important than the __7__ of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of __8__ themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches __9__ on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning that criticism. Again, criticism can create __10__ levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.A)process B)high C)enjoying D)anxietyE)settle F)cautious G)cooperate H)greatlyI)dropping J)hardly K)intense L)focusM)aspiration N)critical O)procedure参考答案及解析:1.选D)。
2021年英语四级阅读理解习题及答案(卷六).docx
2021年英语四级阅读理解习题及答案（卷六）The tourist trade is booming. With all this comingand going, you'd expect greater understanding todevelop between the nations of the world. Not a bitof it! Superb systems of communication by air, seaand land make it possible for us to visit each other'scountries at a moderate cost. What was once the'grand tour', reserved for only the very rich, is nowwithin everybody's grasp? The package tour andchartered flights are not to be sneered at. Moderntravelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lordsand ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn'thave dreamed of. But what's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations oft he world remain basically ignorant of each other?Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. Theydeliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population.The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where heeats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from adistance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed tosee only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes itimpossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always abarrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to anew and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the citeuniversitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated atTorremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips.The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of nationalstereotypes. We don't see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have beenbrought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say,French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these fiveadjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insightinto the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act asbarriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are thosewhich confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurateimpression that, say, 'Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites' of that 'Latin peoples shout a lot'. You onlyhave to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful nationalstereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best toprevent you?Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stirup racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact—— how trite it sounds! - That all people arehuman. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.1.The best title for this passage is[A]tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations.[B]Tourism is tiresome.[C]Conducted tour is dull.[D]tourism really does something to one's country.2.What is the author's attitude toward tourism?[A]apprehensive.[B]negative.[C]critical.[D]appreciative.3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shouta lot?[A]silent.[B]noisy.[C]lively.[D]active.4.The purpose of the author's criticism is to point out[A]conducted tour is disappointing.[B]the way of touring should be changed.[C]when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception.[D]national stereotypes should be changed.5.What is 'grand tour' now?[A]moderate cost.[B]local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization.[C]people enjoy the first-rate comforts.[D]everybody can enjoy the 'grand tour'.写作方法与文章大意文章主要采用因果写法。
2021年6月大学英语四级考试阅读附试题和答案_4
2021年6月大学英语四级考试阅读附试题和答案Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.You are a German living in Berlin. One day you’re walking down the street, minding your own business, when suddenly a stranger approached with a smile on his face. After stopping you, he holds a small electronic device close to his face and speaks slowly into it, saying, in English: “Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?” What should you do? (a) Run away;(b) Call the police; or, (c) Listen closely for the device to say, in German, “Konnen Sie mir bitte sager, which SauerkrautKaufen Kann?”The most appropriate response would be (c) because the person in front of you is only a tourist trying to enjoy himself. The device is said to he the world’s first portable transistor —a hand-held microcomputer that—at the same time converts one spoken language into another.The four-pound battery-operated product is called the Voice, and it is the creation of Advanced Products and Technologies an American electronics company. When the Voice is introduced in the United States in late April—at a price of $1,500—it will be capable of converting spoken English into Italian, German, French and Spanish. The product comes with separate cartridges (盒式储存器) for each of the four languages, which can be changed when the user travels from one country to another. The item will be sold in Europe soon after the U.S. Introduction, with cartridges that covert Italian, German, French and Spanish into English.The Voice uses a microchip (微型集成块) and artificial Intelligence to translate Languages. It is started by voicecommand and produces voice output through a built-in speaker. Then the user makes a statement or asks a question, the Voice immediately repeats what has been said in another Language.21. The stranger holding the Voice seems to be ________.A) asking for some informationB) greeting the GermanC) amusing himselfD) practising his German（C）22. The German sentence “Konnen Sie Kann?” means ________.A) “Why don’t you ask the policeman.”B) “Would you listen closely for the device to say?”C) “Can you say it again, please?”D) “Can you tell me where I can buy some sauerkraut?”（D）23. The word “speaker” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A) the person who speaks to the deviceB) a component part of the VoiceC) the person who speaks GermanD) the speech produced by the Voice（B）24. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A) The voice is an invention of an electronics company.B) The voice is a hand-held translator.C) The voice is new product in wide use.D) The voice is mainly a microcomputer.（C）25. The Voice can translate ________.A) from German into any of the other four languages mentionedB) from and into English by using the same cartridgesC) between any two of the above-mentioned languagesD) from English into any of the other four languages or the other way round（D）Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Computers may one day turn night into day—with good old, natural sunlight.Colossal computer-controlled mirrors, thousands of feet across, may one day orbit the earth, reflecting sunlight onto a darkened United States.Some Scientists say that 16 of these mirrors, each about a half mile across, could aim their reflected light at one area on the earth that was about 200 miles by 300 miles. That much light would equal about 56 moons.The mirrors would be so high that they could catch the sun’s light as it was shining on the other side of the earth. The mirrors could orbit—thousands of miles high—at the same speed as the earth turns on its axis (轴). That way, themirrors would always be over the same spot.The aluminum-coated (涂铝的), plastic mirrors could be folded up and packed into a spaceship, according to the scientists. Once released a few hundred miles in space, the mirrors, powered by a solar-powered engine, could mark the rest of the trip into space on their own.The scientists say that the computer-controlled mirrors could also be made to tilt (倾斜) slowly, so the reflected sunlight would sweep slowly along the surface of the earth. For example, as night fell, the mirrors could be tilted to light up Boston. Later on, as darkness spread slowly westward. Chicago, for example, then San Francisco could be lit up. The reflectedsunlight would allow these cities to save up electricity. And in emergencies, such as power-failures, the mirrors could light up the affected area.What no one knows yet is what effect this artificial daytime would have on plants, animals, and humans. Would it confuse some animals and harm plants that are used to regular day-night cycles? The scientists recommend that studies be done to find out what had effects there might be.26. The word “colossal” in Line 3 most likely means ________.A) nuclear-poweredB) orbitingC) giantD) spinning（D）27. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the mirrors?A) They would be made of plastic and coated with aluminum.B) They could be launched directly into space.C) They would stay in the same position over the earth.D) They could reflect sunlight to a large area on the earth.（B）28. The reflected light should sweep slowly along the surface of the earth because the mirrors ________.A) would be operated by solar-powered enginesB) would orbit thousands of miles high to catch the sun’s lightC) could move around the earth at the same speed as the earth turns on its axisD) could be made to adjust their angles（D）29. The purpose for turning night into day is to ________.A) confuse animals and plantsB) light up more citiesC) save energy and deal with emergenciesD) enable people to work longer hours（C）30. The writer of this passage ________.A) gives an objective account of the mirrorsB) seems to be much worried about the effect of the mirrorsC) is in favour of the wide use of the mirrorsD) suggests that artificial daylight is harmful to living being （A）Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.As supplier of most of the food we eat and of raw materials for many industrial processes, agriculture is clearly an important area of the economy. But the industrial performance of agriculture is even more important than this. For in nations where the productivity of farmers is low, most of the working population is needed to raise food and few people are available for production of investment goods or for other activities required for economic growth. Indeed, one of the factors related most closely to the per capital income (人均收入) of a nation is the fraction of its population engaged in farming. In the poorest nations of the world more than half of the population lives on farms. This compares sharply with less than 10 per cent in Western Europe and less than 4 per cent in the United States.In short, the course of economic development in general depends in a fundamental way on the performance of farmers. This performance in turn, depends on how agriculture is organized and on the economic environment, or market structure, withinwhich it function. In the following pages the performance of American agriculture is examined. It is appropriate to begin with a conversation of its market structure.31. This passage is most probably ________.A) a news itemB) part of an introduction of a bookC) part of a lectureD) an advertisement（B）32. What is most important to agriculture is ________.A) the amount of food it producesB) the per capital income of farmersC) its industrial performanceD) the production of investment goods（C）33. The word “this” in Line 4 refers to ________.A) the provision of food and raw materialsB) the productivity of farmersC) the production of investment goodsD) the economy as a whole（A）34. The performance of farmers essentially determines ________.A) the size of the working populationB) the organization of agricultureC) the market structureD) the general development of economy（D）35. This passage will most probably be followed by a discussion of ________.A) the structure of American farming populationB) the market structure of American agricultureC) the various functions of American agricultureD) the organization of American agriculture（B）Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Before 1945, hardly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty.Because it was isolated and because the weather was almost always clear and peaceful, a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the last site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zeo.At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed something unlike anything ever seen by men before, a huge, colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one time, nor had any nation ever possessed weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb.For several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New Mexico. Almost everybody was amazed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts of the Southwest had hidden the secret well.When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in the New Mexico desert. Some people doubted that the secret of making atomic bombs could bekept from other countries. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of war —and a new kind of world—had begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1945.36. What is the main topic of this passage?A) The secret of Alamogordo.B) A new kind of war.C) The destructive force of the first atomic bomb.D) The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.（A）37. Which of the following is the main reason for choosing Alamogordo as the test site?A) It always had an enjoyable climate.B) It was connected to other cities by a railway.C) Its location would hide the secret well.D) It was situated in southwestern New Mexico.（C）38. When was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?A) As soon as the secret was revealedB) At dawn on July 16, 1945C) Immediately after the testD) Several weeks after the test（D）39. After the first atomic bomb explosion, everybody agreed that ________.A) it was wise to choose Alamogordo as the test siteB) man had entered the age of nuclear warfareC) it was not wise to use such a powerful weaponD) it was not possible to keep the technology of making atomic bombs secret（B）40. The tone of this passage is one of ________.A) anxietyB) satisfactionC) encouragementD) fear（B）。
2021年英语四级阅读理解习题及答案(卷一)
2021年英语四级阅读理解习题及答案（卷一）Survival is an art. Survivors are artists. The best acting is done in daily life, not on the stage. My late uncle Sir Alexander Korda, the motion__picture producer who could charm money out of an empty safe, was a gifted survivor.Once, a group of investors called him in to complain that he had lost 5 000 000 of their money. Most men would have tried to defend themselves. Alex did not. You are right, he said quietly, I have been wasteful, and careless. I have chosen the wrong scripts, paid too little attention to the budgets. I am too old for this business. I will retire. I only hope you will forgive me.Within an hour, the investors were busy encouraging Alex, cheering him up. It was out of the question for him to resign; they wouldn’t hear it. And by lunchtime, Alex had 2 000 000 more of their money and was back in the action again. When I asked him if he was happy about it, he said, No. They would have put up three or four million, I think. Still, it’s a good lesson for you to learn. Always settle for less than you could get. It doesn’t hurt to have a reputation as a gentleman.1. According to the author, Sir Alexander Korda is an excellent artist because __.A. he is a motion__picture producerB. he knows well about how to surviveC. he had a gift to act in the movieD. he can get large amounts of money from investors.2. The phrase to charm money out of an empty safe in the context means .A. to put all your money to your savings accountB. to draw your money back if it is not in a safe placeC. to avoid wasting money if you have an empty pocketD. to be able to get money even if it looks impossible.3. What would most probably have happened if Sir Alexander Korda had defended himself?A. He would resign and live miserably.B. He would be considered a gentleman.C. The investors would not forgive him.D. The investors would give him more money.4. Alex did not defend himself because .A. he hoped to have a happier lifeB. his nature prevented him from doing soC. he wanted to test if he could give the best actingD. he knew the way to cope with the investors5. Alex was not happy with the settlement because .A. he thought he could have got more from the investor.B. he didn’t teach the author a good lessonC. he didn’t like the way he behave.D. he lost his reputation as a gentleman答案：1-5 BDCDATime is the biggest problem of most students. It becomes particularly difficult when you have to do library research for a term paper or report. Finding information in the library can take so much time that many students avoid it until the last possible minute.Library research does not have to be time consuming. If you learn to use a library efficiently, you can save yourself a great deal of time. The exercises in this section are designed to familiarize you with the library so that y阿ou can find the information you need quickly.The first and the most important thing to know about a library is that when you cannot find something, ask a librarian for help. The librarians are paid not just to shelve books, but to provide information and assistance. The most helpful librarians are usually those who work in the reference room. They will help you get started on a term paper and even help you find material. There are two basic places to begin looking for information, the card catalog and the various periodical indexes. The card catalog is a list of all the books in the library. A periodical index is a list of all the magazine and journal articles written on any subject.1. According to the author, finding information in the library needs a lot of time, so students should __.A. avoid it until the last possible minuteB. do library researchC. learn how to use it efficientlyD. save a great deal of time2. It is the librarians’duty to do all the following things except__.A. arranging and lending booksB. helping students locate the needed booksC. helping students find needed materialsD. helping students write their term paper3. In what way could a student get familiarized with the library while reading this section?A. By doing the exercises provided.B. By asking the librarians.C. By looking into the catalog part.D. By reading in the reference room.4. If you need to find a magazine article in the library, the best way for you to do is to __.A. look in the card catalogB. look in the periodical indexesC. search through the bookshelvesD. go to the reference room5. The passage is taken from an introduction of a chapter, and thetitle of the chapter is probably __.A. Save Your Study TimeB. Using the Library for Your Term PaperC. Using the Library EfficientlyD. Library__ An Information Source【答案】1-5 CDABCYou must have been troubled by when to say “I love you”because it is one of the greatest puzzles in our life.What if you say it first and your partner doesn't love you back? Or if they do say it, but you don't feel they mean it? Being the first to declare your love can be very nervous and risky and can leave you feeling as vulnerable as a turtle with no shell. But is the person who says it first really in a position of weakness? Doesn't it pay to hold back, play it cool and wait until the other half has shown their hand fast?“A really good relationship should be about being fair and being equal,”says psychologist Sidney Crown. “But love is seldom equal.”All relationships go through power struggles but, he says, if a love imbalance continues for years, the trouble will set in. “That feeling of ‘I've always loved you more' may be subverted(破坏) for a time, but it never goes away completely and it often emerges in quarreling.”In love, at least, the silent, withholding type is not always the most powerful. “The strongest one in a relationship is often the person who feels confidentenough to talk about their feelings,”says educational psychologist Ingrid Collins. Psychosexual therapist Paula Hall agrees, “The one with the upper hand is often the person who takes the initiative. In fact, the person who says ‘I love you' first may also be the one who says ‘I'm bored with you' first.”Hall believes that much depends on how “I love you”is said and the motivation of the person saying it. “Is it said when they're drunk? Is it said before their partner sets off on holiday, and what it really means is ‘please don't be unfaithful to me'? By saying ‘I love you', they are really saying ‘Do you love me?' If so, wouldn't it just be more honest to say that?”Collins agrees that intention is everything. “It's not what is said, but how it's said. What it comes down to is the sincerity of the speaker.”1.What is the main idea of this passage?A.The importance of “I love you”.B.The meaning of “I love you”.C.The time of saying “I love you”.D.The place of saying “I love you”.2.In the first sentence the author means that .A.it is easy to say “I love you”B.it is hard to say “I love you”C.we have many troubles in our lifeD.people usually do not know when to say “I love you”3.According to Sidney Crown, a good relationship should be .A.fair and equalB.fair and kindC.powerful and equalD.confident and fair4.In the third paragraph, the phrase “with the upper hand”means .A.being low in spiritB.having only one handC.being activeD.being passive5.What is the most important for you to consider when somebody say “I love you”to you?A.The intention.B.The place.C.The time.D.The determination.【参考答案】1.[考点]主旨大意题【精析】C 文章第一段就点明主旨，即when to say “I love you”。
2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案范文(第一套)
2021年6月大学英语四级真题+答案范文(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled "Are people becoming addicted to technology?" The statement given below is for your reference. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)听力原文及题目放在最后部分。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity or smoking 15 cigarettes a day, according to research published by Brigham Young University. The 26 is that loneliness is a huge, if silent, risk factor.Loneliness affects physical health in two ways. First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems. Second, people who live alone are less likely to go to the doctor 27, to exercise or to eat a healthy diet.Public health experts in many countries are 28 how to address widespread loneliness in our society. Last year Britain even appointed a minister for loneliness. "Loneliness 29 almost every one of us at some point," its minister for loneliness Baroness Barran said. "It can lead to very serious health 30 for individuals who become isolated and disconnected."Barran started a "Let's Talk Loneliness" campaign that 31 difficult conversations across Britain. He is now supporting 32 benches, "which are public seating areas where people are encouraged to go and chat with one another. The minister is also 33 to stop public transportation from being cut in ways that leave people isolated More than one-fifth of adults in both the United States and Britain said in a 2018 34 hat they often or always feel lonely.More than half of American adults are unmarried, and researchers have found that even among those who are married, 30% of relationships are 35 strained. A quarter of Americans now live alone, and as the song says, one is the loneliest number.A) abruptly E) dimensions I) implication M) splittingB) appointments F) friendly J) pushing N) surveyC) consequences G) hindered K) severely O) touchesD) debating H) idiom L) sparkedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the question by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language has no words for numbers?[A] Numbers do not exist in all cultures. There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deep in Amazonia,living along branches of the world s largest river tree. Instead of using words for precise quantities, these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to “a few” or “some.”In contrast, our own lives are governed by numbers. As you read this, you are likely aware of what time it is, how old you are, your checking account balance, your weight and so on. The exact (and exacting) numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem.[B] But, in a historical sense, numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones. For the bulk of ourspecies’approximately 200,000-year lifespan, we had no means of precisely representing quantities.What’s more, the 7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how they utilize numbers. [C] Speakers of a numeric, or numberless, languages offer a window into how the invention of numbersreshaped the human experience. In a new book, I explored the ways in which humans invented numbers, and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones, from the advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing. Cultures without numbers, or with only one or two precise numbers, include the Munduruku and Piraha in Amazonia. Researchers have also studied some adults in Nicaragua who were never taught number words. Without numbers, healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantities as low as four. In an experiment, a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time, then remove them one by one. The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed. Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remain in the can, even if there are only four or five in total.[D] This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion: When people do not havenumber words, they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem natural to someone like you or me. While only a small portion of the world s languages are anumeric or nearly anumeric, they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal.[E] It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal, well-adapted to the environs theyhave dominated for centuries. As the child of missionaries, I spent some of my youth living with anumeric indigenous people, the aforementioned Piraha who live along the sinuous banks of the black Maici River. Like other outsiders, I was continually impressed by their superior understanding of the ecology we shared. Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination between quantities. Perhaps this should be unsurprising. After all, without counting, how can someone tell whether there are, say, seven or eight coconuts in a tree? Such seemingly straightforward distinctions become blurry through numberless eyes.[F] This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies. Prior to beingspoon-fed number words, children can only approximately discriminate quantities beyond three. We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we can consistently and easily recognize higher quantities. In fact, acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takes children years. Initially, kids learn numbers much like they learn letters. They recognize that numbers are organized sequentially, but have little awareness of what each individual number means. With time, they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than the preceding number.This "successor principle" is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition, but requires extensive practice to understand.[G] None of us, then, is really a "numbers person." We are not predisposed to handle quantitative distinctionsadroitly. In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers from infancy, we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions. Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxed into our cognitive experience by our parents, peers and school teachers. The process seems so normal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up, but it is not. Human brains come equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age, but these instincts are very limited. For instance, even at birth we are capable of distinguishing between two markedly different quantities – for instance, eight from 16 things. But we are not the only species capable of such abstractions.[H] Compared to chimps and other primates, our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume.We even share some basic instinctual quantitative reasoning with distant non-mammalian relatives like birds. Indeed, work with some other species, including parrots, suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if they are introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.[I] So, how did we ever invent "unnatural" numbers in the first place? The answer is, literally, at yourfingertips. The bulk of the world's languages use base-10, base-20 or base-5 number systems. That is, these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers. English is a base-10 or decimal language, as evidenced by words like 14 ("four" + "10") and 31 ("three" x "10" + "one"). We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue, proto-Indo-European, was decimally based. Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because, as in so many cultures, our linguistic ancestors' hands served as the gateway to realizations like "five fingers on this hand is the same as five fingers on that hand." Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passed down across generations. This is why the word "five" in many languages is derived from the word for "hand." Most number systems, then, are the by-product of two key factors: the human capacity for language and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers. This manual fixation – an indirect by-product of walking upright on two legs – has helped yield numbers in most cultures, but not all.[J] Cultures without numbers also offer insight into the cognitive influence of particular numeric traditions.Consider what time it is. Your day is ruled by minutes and seconds, but these entities are not real in any physical sense and are nonexistent to numberless people. Minutes and seconds are the verbal and written vestiges of an uncommon base-60 number system used in Mesopotamia millennia ago. They reside in ourminds, numerical artifacts that not all humans inherit conceptually.[K] Research on the language of numbers shows, more and more, that one of our species' key characteristics is tremendous linguistic(语言的) and cognitive diversity. If we are to truly understand how much our cognitive lives differ cross-culturally, we must continually sound the depths of our species' linguistic diversity.36. It is difficult for anumeric people to keep track of the change in numbers even when the total is very small.37. Human numerical instincts are not so superior to those of other mammals as is generally believed.38. The author emphasizes being anumeric does not affect one's cognitive ability.39. In the long history of mankind, humans who use numbers are a very small minority.40. An in-depth study of differences between human languages contributes to a true understanding of cognitive differences between cultures.41. A conclusion has been drawn from many experiments that anumeric people have a hard time distinguishing quantities.42. Making quantitative distinctions is not an inborn skill.43. Every aspect of our lives is affected by numbers.44. Larger numbers are said to be built upon smaller numbers.45. It takes great efforts for children to grasp the concept of number words.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that shifted the focus away from sugar's role in heart disease-and put the spotlight（注意的中心）squarely on dietary fat.What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry. Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food."Roughly 90%of nearly 170 studies favored the sponsor's interest," Nestle tells us. Other systematic reviews support her conclusions.For instance, studies funded by Welch Foods the brand behind Welch's 100%Grape Juice found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function. Another, funded by Quaker Oats, concluded, as a Daily Mail story put it, that" hot oatmeal（燕麦粥）breakfast keeps you full for longer."Last year, The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding well-known scientists andorganizations promoting a message that, in the battle against weight gain，people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink. Coca-Cola also released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between 2010 and 2015."It's certainly a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry," says Bonie Liebman, director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest."When the food industry pays for research, it often gets what it pays for."And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding.Given this environment, consumers should be skeptical（怀疑的）when reading the latest finding in nutrition science and ignore the latest study that pops up on your news feed."Rely on health experts who've reviewed all the evidence," Liebman says, pointing to the official government Dietary Guidelines which are based on reviews of hundreds of studies."And that expert advice remains pretty simple," says Nestle." We know what healthy diets are lots of vegetables, not too much junk food, balanced calories. Everything else is really difficult to do experimentally."46. What did Harvard scientists do 50 years ago?A. They raised public awareness of the possible causes of heart disease.B. They turned public attention away from the health risks of sugar to fat.C. They placed the sugar industry in the spotlight with their new findings.D. They conducted large-scale research on the role of sugar in people's health.47. What does Marion Nestle say about present-day nutrition studies?A. They took her a full year to track and analyze.B. Most of them are based on systematic reviews.C. They depend on funding from the food industries.D. Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.48. What did Coca-Cola funded studies claim?A. Exercise is more important to good health than diet.B. Choosing what to eat and drink is key to weight control.C. Drinking Coca-Cola does not contribute to weight gain.D. The food industry plays a major role in fighting obesity.49. What does Liebman say about industry-funded research?A. It simply focuses on nutrition and health.B. It causes confusion among consumers.C. It rarely results in objective findings.D. It runs counter to the public interest50. What is the author s advice to consumers?A. Follow their intuition in deciding what to eat.B. Be doubtful of diet experts' recommendations.C. Ignore irrelevant information on their news feed.D. Think twice about new nutrition research findings.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Success was once defined as being able to stay at a company for a long time and move up the corporate ladder. The goal was to reach the top, accumulate wealth and retire to a life of ease. My father is a successful senior executive. In 35 years, he worked for only three companies.When I started my career，things were already different. If you weren't changing companies every three or four years, you simply weren't getting ahead in your career. But back then, if you were a consultant or freelancer（自由职业者）, people would wonder what was wrong with you. They would assume you had problems getting a job.Today, consulting or freelancing for five businesses at the same time is a badge of honor. It shows how valuable an individual is. Many companies now look to these "ultimate professionals" to solve problems their full-time teams can't. Or they save money by hiring "top-tier(顶尖的)experts" only for particular projects.Working at home or in cafes，starting businesses of their own，and even launching business ventures that eventually may fail, all indicate "initiative,""creativity," and "adaptability," which are desirable qualities in today’s workplace. Most important, there is a growing recognition that people who balance work and play, and who work at what they are passionate about，are more focused and productive，delivering greater value to their clients.Who are these people? They are artists, writers，programmers，providers of office services and career advice. What's needed now is a marketplace platform specifically designed to bring freelancers and clients together. Such platforms then become a place to feature the most experienced，professional，and creative talent. This is where they conduct business. Where a sense of community reinforces the culture and values of the gig economy(零工经济)，and where success is rewarded with good reviews that encourage more business.Slowly but surely, these platforms create a bridge between traditional enterprises and this emerging economy. Perhaps more important, as the global economy continues to be disrupted by technology and other massive change, the gig economy will itself become an engine of economic and social transformation.51. What does the author use the example of his father to illustrate?A. How long people took to reach the top of their career.B. How people accumulated wealth in his father's time.C. How people viewed success in his father's time.D. How long people usually stayed in a company.52. Why did people often change jobs when the author started his career?A. It was considered a fashion at that time.B. It was a way to advance in their career.C. It was a response to the changing job market.D. It was difficult to keep a job for long.53. What does the author say about people now working for several businesses at the same time?A. They are often regarded as most treasured talents.B. They are able to bring their potential into fuller play.C. They have control over their life and work schedules.D. They feel proud of being outstanding problem-solver54. What have businesses come to recognize now?A. Who is capable of solving problems with ease.B. How people can be more focused and productive.C. What kind of people can contribute more to them.D. Why some people are more passionate about work.55. What does the author say about the gig economy?A. It may force companies to reform their business practice.B. It may soon replace the traditional economic model.C. It will drive technological progress on a global scale.D. It will bring about radical economic and social changes.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.铁观音(Tieguanyin)是中国最受欢迎的茶之一，原产自福建省安溪县西坪镇，如今安溪全县普遍种植，但该县不同地区生产的铁观音又各具风味。
2021年6月英语四级真题第一套
2021年6月英语四级真题第一套引言：英语四级考试是中国大学生普遍参加的一项英语考试，每年有两次考试机会。
2021年6月英语四级考试已于近期进行，以下是本次考试的第一套真题及解析。
阅读理解部分：题目一：阅读理解：（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
A How do you choose your friends? Most people wouldsay that they choose friends because they enjoy being with them. A good friend is a person who makes us happy and someone we can trust with our secrets. A good friend, many people would agree, is someone who listens to us and understands our feelings. A good friend should also correct our mistakes and blame us when we are wrong. But unkind wordsor behaviors can destroy friendship.B One day, I saw my friend Steve near the railway station. Steve was going to take a train to a village. I asked him if Icould join him. He said yes. So we had a great time talking on the way.C If you enjoy reading books as much as 1 do, join our book club. Our club has over 1,000 members aged from 15 to 85. We meet every month, have friendly discussions about our books and answer questions sent by our readers. Every member receives a monthly magazine of book reviews. Come and join us!D Michael always did very well at sports. Today he was competing in the school tennis match. When Michael won his last tennis match, he looked very pleased.1.According to the passage, a good friend ________. A.makes us happy and can be trusted with secrets B. helps us when we are in trouble C. doesn’t care about our feelings D.never gives us advice2.The writer asked his friend Steve ________. A. to goshopping with him B. to join a book club with him C. to go to a village with him D. to take a train with him3.How often does the book club meet? A. Every week.B. Every day.C. Every month.D. Every year.4.Which sports are they talking about in the passage?A. Tennis.B. Swimming.C. Climbing.D. Basketball.答案：1.A2.C3.C4.A解析：这一部分的阅读理解主要考察对于短文的理解和细节把握能力。
2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读理解3篇
2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读理解3篇【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级考试阅读理解The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keepthe oil industry under control. A new law limitsexploration to anarea south of the southern end ofthe long coastline;production limits have been laiddown (though these havealready been raised); andoil companies have not been allowedto employmore than a limited number of foreign workers.Butthe oil industry has a way of getting over suchproblems, and few people believe that theGovernment will be able tohold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician saidlast week：“We willsoon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying outa programme of development inthe area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a greatdeal of success： Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospitaland a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, andwithin a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited tothe north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industriesand the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smallerindustries mighteven disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buygoods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers andfishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride asessentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oilindustry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.[B] slow down the rate of its development.[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D] develop more quickly than at present.2. The Norwegian Government has tried to[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.[B] prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3. According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to[A] the development of industry.[B] a growth in population.[C] the failure of the development programme.[D] the development of new towns.4. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be[A] a large reduction on unemployment.[B] a growth in the tourist industry.[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.[D] the development of a number of service industries.5. Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.[B] their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1. Norwegian 挪威的;挪威人2. coastline 海岸线3. recognition 承认;理解;赞赏4. countryside 乡下;乡民难句译注1. A new law limits exploration to an area southof the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oilcompanies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【结构简析】用两个分号连接三句句子。
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)
2021年6月大学英语四级阅读练习附答案(4)天道酬勤，实践出真知，多次练习是攻克英语四级阅读的最终途径。
下面是2021年6月英语四级阅读练习。
【阅读文章】Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savageis good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generalsand soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled overa large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph2) is that ________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be Remembered参考答案：BDABC。
2021年英语四级阅读理解试题20篇含答案(4)
2021年英语四级阅读理解试题20篇含答案(4)Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb。
2021年大学英语四级阅读理解题目及答案解析系列
大学英语四级阅读理解题目及答案解析系列【导语】宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来。
坚持备考的人生，很积极，很宝贵，很励志。
冲吧，努力吧！以下为整理的“大学英语四级阅读理解题目及答案解析”，欢迎阅读参考！【篇一】大学英语四级阅读理解题目及答案解析A new analysis of federal money that public schools receive for low-income students shows that a record number of the nation’s school districts will receive less in the coming academic year than they did for theone just ended.For the 25-26 school year， spending under the Department of Education’s Title I program， which helps low-achieving children in high-poverty areas， is increasing by 2 percent， to $16 billion. But because of population shifts， growing numbers of poor children， newer census data and complex formulas that determine how the money is divided， more than two-thirds of the districts， or 8，843， will not receive as much financing as before.The analysis， based on data from the department， was made by the Center on Education Policy， a group advocating for public schools. A similar study by the group last year showed that 55 percent of the schools would receive less money than they did in the previous year.“It's an alarming number，” said Tom Fagan， a former department official who conducted the analysis. “It’s clear that the amount of overall increase is not keeping pace with the number of poor kids.”Susan Aspey， a department spokeswoman， defended the spending levels for Title I，saying，“President Bush and Congress have invested record amounts of funding to help the nation’s neediest students.”But Mr. Fagan said the increasing number of districts that are losing money is making it harder for the schools to meet the goals of the federal No Child Left Behind Act， the Bush administration's signature education program， which measures progress through annual tests in math， reading and science. That is giving critics of the program more grounds to accuse the administration of not sufficiently financing the program while demanding greater results.Title I provides the largest component of financing for No Child Left Behind.“The federal government is concentrating more money in fewer districts，" said John F. Jennings， the president and chief executive of the Center on Education Policy. “It means there is lots of anger and lots of tension. They're asking us to do more and more with less and less.”练习题Choose correct answers to the question:As it is indicated in the passage， the new analysis _____.A.studied the federal money spent on low-income studentsB.aimed at promoting the establishment of more public schoolsC.showed that about half the schools would receive less moneyD.was conducted by the Department of Education’s Title I programWhich of the following factors does NOT lead to the result that more than two-thirds of thedistricts will get more poorly financedA.People often move from one place to another.B.There are more children from poor families.C.The way of distributing money has changed.D.Spending under the Title I program decreased.Susan Aspey looks at the funding by the government with _______.A.criticismB.consentC.IndifferenceD.expectationAccording to Tom Fagan， ______.A.the government has done its best to finance the poor childrenB.the goals of No Child Left Behind Act are difficult to realizeC.the way of measuring progress by annual tests should be changedD.the Bush government shouldn't have approved the Title I programWhen the government concentrates more money in fewer districts， _____.A.more poor children will get benefitedB.more public schools will have to be closedC.it will arouse more people’s dissatisfactionD.No Child Left Behind Act will be realized sooner参考答案[A] 事实细节题。
2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读文章赏析
2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读文章赏析【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读文章赏析President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, education reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.The most liberal wing of the President's party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President’s program. They want tax cuts and more open market. They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long.Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读文章赏析Although the top men in smuggling business must work together, most of a syndicate's small fry, especially the mules, know only their immediate contacts. If caught there is little they can give away. A mule probably will not even know the name of the person who gives him his instructions, nor how to get in touch with him. Usually he even does not know the person to whom he has to make delivery. He will be told just to sit tight in a certain hotel or bar until someone contacts him. In this way if he is blown, coming through airport customs he cannot unwittingly lead agents to the next link in the chain. All the persons at the receiving end do is to hang around the airport among the waiting crowd, and see that the mule comes through safely. If he does not, he is dimply written off as a loss. To make identification of mules easier, several syndicates have devised their own "club ties" so that a mule wearing one can immediately be picked out.Mules often receive careful training before embarking on their first journey. One Beirut organization, for example,uses a room with three airline seats in it. There the trainee mules sit for hours on end wearing weighted smuggling vests beneath their clothes, so that they become accustomed to standing up after a long flight in a natural way, and without revealing what they are carrying. An outfit in Brussels maintained a comfortable apartment where the mules could relax and get a firm grip on themselves on the night before their first journey; they were helped to dress before setting out for the airport in the morning. More often than not a courier will not know precisely where he is going or what flight number is until he is actually handed his tickets at the airport. This prevents the careless boast in some bar or to a girl friend the night before.Mules occasionally run off with the goods to keep the profit themselves. As insurance against this, a syndicate often sends a high-up on the same plane to keep a wary eye on couriers, particularly new ones. Even then things can go badly wrong. One international currency smuggler who was having trouble getting money out of Britain was offered help by a group of men who said they were in a position to "fix thing"– for a fee of course. Foolishly, the smuggler agreed to accept their help. When he got to London’s Heathrow Airport, he handed over to one of the men a black suitcase containing nearly $90,000 in cash, destined for Frankfurt. Just to keep an eye on things, the smuggler went along on the same plane. When they landed at Frankfurt he was handed back his suitcase. He beat a straight path to the men's toilet, opened the case, and found only old clothes. The courier had switched suitcase en route, but the smuggler could hardly runto the police and complain that "the man who was smuggling money out of England for me has stolen it."【篇三】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读文章赏析If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us justsay that you are suffering from a bad case ofwishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, seeno evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues topuff its way to smoky, cancerous death.You don't have to look very far to find out why theofficial reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodityto tax. It's almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. Sowhile the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and onefforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned bout the welfare of their peoples, you’d think they'd conduct aggressive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conductanti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning –say, a picture of a death’s head should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.。
四级真题答案解析2021
四级真题答案解析20212021年的大学英语四级考试已经结束，许多考生都迫切想要知道自己的答案是否正确，以及对于错题的解析与分析。
以下是对2021年四级真题的答案解析，帮助考生更好地了解自己的成绩。
阅读理解部分：第一篇文章是关于成年与幸福感之间的关系。
文章首先指出，年轻人在经历困难与挑战时常常更加幸福，而老年人在自由自在、舒适的环境下反而感到孤独和不幸。
答案为B。
接着，作者提出了年轻人精神状态好的原因，是因为年轻人面对困难时更有希望和幻想，对未来抱有乐观态度。
答案为D。
最后，文章指出，成年后的人需要不断寻找新的挑战和目标，以保持幸福感。
答案为A。
第二篇文章是关于全球音乐消费模式的转变。
文章提到，数字音乐的普及使得音乐消费变得更加方便和廉价。
答案为C。
接着，作者提到了实体唱片的销售量下降的原因之一是数字音乐的普及，导致人们更少购买实体唱片。
答案为B。
最后，文章指出，虽然音乐消费模式发生变化，但音乐依然在人们生活中扮演着重要的角色。
答案为A。
第三篇文章是关于植物学家对于植物倒挂瞿麦的研究。
文章指出，植物学家发现植物倒挂瞿麦在不同海拔地区的性状有所不同，这可以帮助他们了解植物的适应性。
答案为A。
接着，作者提到，植物学家在研究中使用了遗传学方法来确定植物适应环境的机制。
答案为D。
最后，文章指出，研究结果表明植物倒挂瞿麦在不同环境下的生长模式与植物的适应性密切相关。
答案为B。
写作部分：写作部分的题目是关于大学生创新能力的培养。
写作要求从教育、实践和环境等方面展开讨论。
在教育方面，我们可以培养学生的创新能力，采用多种教学方法，如项目制学习和团队合作。
在实践方面，学校可以为学生提供更多的实践机会，如科研项目和创新大赛等。
在环境方面，学校可以营造一个鼓励创新的文化氛围，提供资源和支持。
通过教育、实践和环境的综合作用，大学生的创新能力得到了有效的培养。
听力部分：听力部分相对来说较难，需要考生具备一定的听力理解能力。
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2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析A remarkable variety of insects live in this planetMore species of insects exist than all other animalspecies together. Insects have survived on earth formore than 300 million years, and may possess theability to survive for millions more.Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on thehighest mountains and on the bottom of rushingstreams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground,jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colorsand various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops aswell as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, such asmosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability toadapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The oneplace they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects cansurvive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain,cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, waterand physicalimpact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangeroussituations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity： AnAfrican ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be rightbefore our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump ofbrown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, boldcolors to send warning signalsthat they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wingpatterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies arefooled into avoiding them.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.A.on the mountains with little airB.in the cold polar areasC.in the hot desert areasD.in the open oceans2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______A.hiding in tiny spacesB.having a strong shellC.flying away when necessaryD.changing colors or shapes3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______A.frighten away their enemiesB.avoid being discoveredC.send warning signalsD.look bitter-tasting4.The passage mentions that insects ______.A.can be found in any extreme environmentsB.have survived longer than any other creaturesC.can be fed on any natural or man-made foodsD.are important for the growth of crops and flowers5.The passage is mainly about ______A.how insects survive in different placesB.why insects can survive so successfullyC.what insects can do to the environmentD.where insects can be found in quantity参考答案1.[D] 事实细节题。
本题考查对复合句的理解。
本题涉及两个段落，第2段及第3段都提及昆虫大量生长的地方，第3段第3句中的The one place指出了答案。
2.[B] 事实细节题。
本题考查对复杂句的理解。
第4段第1句指出了答案。
protect…from…是对resistant to的同义替换。
3.[B] 推理判断题。
本题考查对长句的理解。
最后一段第2句中的nearly invisible表明昆虫伪装是为了不被发现，所以B为准确选项。
其他选项虽然都是昆虫伪装的目的，但都与伪装成自然物体无关。
4.[D] 推理判断题。
本题考查对含有分词结构句子的理解。
根据第2段倒数第2句中的useful及分词结构pollinating可推断昆虫对植物的生长有益处。
选项A、B、C中都有any,过于绝对。
由第3段第2、3句可知选项A不对。
文章虽在开头指出昆虫存活的年代久远，但全文未提到它是存活时间最长的生物，所以选项B错误。
至于昆虫的食物，第3段倒数第2句有提及,但仅仅a wide range of,由此可排除选项C。
5.[B] 主旨大意题。
本文前两段首先描述了昆虫生存了很长的时间，并能在各种地方生长，然后引出文章要讨论的重点，即昆虫为什么能成功存活。
第3段第1句为本文的中心句，所以本题准确选项为B。
【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析A new analysis of federal money that public schoolsreceive for low-income students shows that a record number of the nation’s school districts will receive less in thecoming academic year than they did for theone just ended.For the 2005-2006 school year, spending under the Department of Education’s Title I program, which helps low-achieving children in high-poverty areas, is increasing by3.2 percent, to $12.6 billion. But because of population shifts, growing numbers of poor children, newer census data and complex formulas that determine how the money is divided, more than two-thirds of the districts, or 8,843, will not receive as much financing as before.The analysis, based on data from the department, was made by the Center on Education Policy, a group advocating for public schools. A similar study by the group last year showed that 55 percent of the schools would receive less money than they did in the previous year.“It's an alarming number,” said Tom Fagan, a former department official who conducted the analysis. “It’s clear that the amount of overall increase is not keeping pace with the number of poor kids.”Susan Aspey, a department spokeswoman, defended the spending levels for Title I，saying, “President Bush and Congress have invested record amounts of funding to help the nation’s neediest students.”But Mr. Fagan said the increasing number of districtsthat are losing money is making it harder for the schools to meet the goals of the federal No Child Left Behind Act, the Bush administration's signature education program, which measures progress through annual tests in math, reading and science. That is giving critics of the program more grounds to accuse the administration of not sufficiently financing the program while demanding greater results.Title I provides the largest component of financing for No Child Left Behind.“The federal government is concentrating more money in fewer districts," said John F. Jennings, the president and chief executive of the Center on Education Policy. “It means there is lots of anger and lots of tension. They're asking us to do more and more with less and less.”练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.As it is indicated in the passage, the new analysis_____.A.studied the federal money spent on low-income studentsB.aimed at promoting the establishment of more public schoolsC.showed that about half the schools would receive less moneyD.was conducted by the Department of Education’s Title I program2.Which of the following factors does NOT lead to the result that more than two-thirds of thedistricts will get more poorly financed?A.People often move from one place to another.B.There are more children from poor families.C.The way of distributing money has changed.D.Spending under the Title I program decreased.3.Susan Aspey looks at the funding by the government with _______.A.criticismB.consentC.IndifferenceD.expectation4.According to Tom Fagan, ______.A.the government has done its best to finance the poor childrenB.the goals of No Child Left Behind Act are difficult to realizeC.the way of measuring progress by annual tests should be changedD.the Bush government shouldn't have approved the Title I program5.When the government concentrates more money in fewer districts, _____.A.more poor children will get benefitedB.more public schools will have to be closedC.it will arouse more pe ople’s dissatisfactionD.No Child Left Behind Act will be realized sooner参考答案1.[A] 事实细节题。