物流供应链管理第九章习题-答案

合集下载

《跨境电商物流与供应链管理》课后答案

《跨境电商物流与供应链管理》课后答案

第1章跨境电商物流管理认知一、选择题1.ABCDE2.ACD3.BCDE4.ABCD二、名词解释1. 物流:指物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。

根据实际需要,将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有机结合。

2. 跨境电商物流:指网上平台销售的物品从供应地到不同国家地域范围接收地的实体流动过程。

三、简答题1. 简述跨境电商与物流之间的联动关系。

答:跨境电商与物流是相互依存、相互促进的关系:(1)物流是跨境电商的重要环节;(2)跨境电商的发展为物流发展提供了机遇;(3)物流是跨境电商发展的关键因素。

2. 简述跨境电商物流的发展趋势。

答:(1)信息平台统一化趋势;(2)业务流程标准化及模块化趋势;(3)物流解决方案定制化一体趋势;(4)技术及设备的集成管理趋势;(5)业务方式多元化趋势。

3. 简述跨境电商物流管理的目标。

答:跨境电商物流管理就是使各项跨境电商物流活动实现最佳的协调与配合,以满足跨境电商高效率和全球化的特点,进而达到提高效率、降低成本、产品质量强化的目标。

【案例实训】我国跨境电商物流发展面临的机遇:(1)物流业地位的提升,为我国跨境电商物流发展提供了原动力。

(2)跨境电商稳健发展的行业环境,有利于我国跨境电商物流的发展。

(3)发达国家跨境电商物流发展经验,为我国跨境电商物流的发展提供了有益借鉴。

下一阶段发展建议:加快信息平台统一化步伐,强化业务流程标准化、模块化和物流解决方案定制一体化操作、加大技术及设备的集成管理和业务方式多元化建设。

第2章跨境电商物流模式及其网络构成一、选择题1.A2.B3.B4.B5.A6.A二、名词解释1、保税港区:是指经国务院批准,设立在国家对外开放的口岸港区和与之相连的特定区域内,具有口岸、物流、加工等功能的海关特殊监管区域。

2、海外仓:从狭义方面,海外仓是指建立在海外的仓储设施;从广义方面,在跨境贸易电子商务中,海外仓是指国内企业将商品通过大宗运输的形式运往目标市场国家,在当地建立仓库、储存商品,然后再根据当地的销售订单,第一时间作出响应,及时从当地仓库直接进行分拣、包装和配送的一种先进的物流模式。

供应链管理第三版Unit9习题与答案(可编辑修改word版)

供应链管理第三版Unit9习题与答案(可编辑修改word版)

Chapter 9Planning Supply and Demand in the Supply Chain:Managing Predictable VariabilityTrue/False1. Predictable variability is change in demand that cannot be forecasted.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy2. Faced with predictable variability of demand, a company’s goal is to respond in amanner that maximizes profitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy3. The advantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand inany period is very low inventory costs, because no inventory needs to be c arried from period to period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy4. The disadvantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand inany period is that much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was lower.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. The advantage of building up inventory during the off season to keep productionstable year round lies in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, moreexpensive factory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. The disadvantage of building up inventory during the off season to keepproduction stable year round is the expensive capacity that would go unusedduring most months when demand was lower.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7. An approach where a firm works with their retail partners in the supply chain tooffer a price promotion during periods of low demand would shift some of thedemand into a slow period, thereby spreading demand more evenly throughoutthe year and reducing the seasonal surge.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. With supply and demand management decisions being made independently, it iseasier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. A firm can vary supply of product by controlling production capacity andinventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. A firm that uses flexible work hours from the workforce to manage capacity tobetter meet demand is using a seasonal workforce.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate11. Scheduling the workforce so that the available capacity better matches demandis using time flexibility from the workforce.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. The use of a part-time workforce to increase the capacity flexibility by enablingthe firm to have more people at work during peak periods is designing productflexibility into the production processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. A firm that uses a temporary workforce during the peak season to increasecapacity to match demand is using a seasonal workforce.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy14. The use of dual facilities to manage capacity may be hard to sustain if the labormarket is tight.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. A firm that purchases peak production capability from other companies so thatinternal production remains level and can be done cheaply is usingsubcontracting.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy16. A firm that builds dedicated facilities to produce a relatively stable output ofproducts over time in a very efficient manner and purchases peak productioncapability from other companies is using subcontracting.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. A firm that has production lines whose production rate can easily be varied tomatch demand has designed product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy18. The use of a seasonal workforce requires that the workforce be multi-skilled andeasily adapt to being moved from line to line.Answer: ModerateDifficulty: Hard19. The use of common components across multiple products, with each producthaving predictably variable demand, will result in the demand for the components being relatively constant.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20. When most of the products a firm produces have the same peak demandseason, the use of common components to create relatively constant overalldemand in the components is feasible.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21. When most of the products a firm produces have the same peak demandseason, it is necessary to build products during the off season that have morepredictable demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy22. Operations usually makes the promotion and pricing decisions.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy23. Maximizing revenue is typically the objective when marketing and sales make thepromotion and pricing decisions.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24. Pricing decisions based only on revenue considerations often result in anincrease in overall profitability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate25. The combination of pricing and aggregate planning (both demand and supplymanagement) can be used to maximize supply chain profitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate26. When performing aggregate planning, the goal of all firms in the supply chainshould be to maximize individual firm profits.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27. Determining how profits will be allocated to different members of the supply chainis a key to successful collaboration.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28. In general, as the fraction of increased demand coming from forward buyinggrows, offering the promotion during the peak demand period becomes moreattractive.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29. Offering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buyingcreates even more variable demand than before the promotion.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy30. Average inventory decreases if a promotion is run during the peak period andincreases if the promotion is run during the off-peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy31. Promoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability if asignificant fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard32. As forward buying becomes a smaller fraction of the demand increase from apromotion, it is less profitable to promote during the peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard33. As the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand p eriodbecomes less profitable.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34. When faced with seasonal demand, a firm should use a combination of pricing(to manage demand) and production and inventory (to manage supply) toimprove profitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateMultiple Choice1. Predictable variability isa. change in demand that can be forecasted.b. change in demand that cannot be forecasted.c. change in demand that has been planned.d. change in demand that has been scheduled.e. all of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy2. Which of the following is not a problem caused by products experiencingpredictable variability of demand?a. high levels of stockouts during peak demandb. high levels of excess inventory during periods of low demandc. increased responsiveness of the supply chaind. increased costs in the supply chaine. decreased responsiveness of the supply chainAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy3. A firm can handle predictable variability by managinga. supply using capacity, inventory, trade promotions, and backlogs.b. supply using capacity, inventory, subcontracting, and backlogs.c. demand using short-term price discounts and trade promotions.d. a and c onlye. b and c onlyAnswer: e Difficulty:Easy4. Seasonal demand can be met bya. maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand in anyperiod.b. building up inventory during the off season to meet demand during peakseasons.c. offering a price promotion during periods of low demand to shift some ofthe demand into a slow period.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: d Difficulty:Moderate5. The advantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand inany period isa. very low inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.b. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.c. very high inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.d. very high inventory costs because expensive capacity would go unusedduring most months when demand was lower.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate6. The disadvantage of maintaining enough manufacturing capacity to meetdemand in any period isa. much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most monthswhen demand was lower.b. the expensive capacity would be used consistently throughout the year.c. most of the expensive capacity would still be used during most monthswhen demand was lower.d. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.e. None of the above are true.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate7. The advantage of building up inventory during the off season to meet d emandduring peak seasons and keep production stable year round isa. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.b. much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most monthswhen demand was lower.c. in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, less expensive factory.d. in the fact that a firm could get by with a larger, more expensive factory.e. None of the above are true.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate8. The disadvantage of building up inventory during the off season to meet demandduring peak seasons and keep production stable year round isa. very low inventory costs because no inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.b. very high inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried from periodto period.c. in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, less expensive factory.d. in the fact that a firm could get by with a larger, more expensive factory.e. None of the above are true.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate9. The advantage of offering a price promotion during periods of low demand toshift some of the demand into a slow period isa. a demand pattern that is less expensive to supply.b. very high inventory costs because inventory needs to be carried fromperiod to period.c. in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, more expensive factory.d. much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most monthswhen demand was lower.e. all of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate10. Companies typically divide the task of supply and demand so thata. Marketing manages demand and Operations manages supply.b. Marketing manages supply and Operations manages demand.c. Marketing manages demand and supply.d. Operations manages demand and supply.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy11. With supply and demand management decisions being made independently,a. it is increasingly difficult to coordinate the supply chain, therebyincreasing profit.b. it is increasingly difficult to coordinate the supply chain, therebydecreasing profit.c. it is easier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby decreasing profit.d. it is easier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. A firm can vary supply of product by controllinga. production capacity and inventory.b. production capacity and price promotions.c. price promotions and inventory.d. production capacity and inventory promotions.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate13. Which of the following is not an approach that firms can use when managingcapacity to meet predictable demand variability?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. using common components across multiple productsAnswer: eDifficulty: Easy14. The capacity management approach that uses flexible work hours from theworkforce to manage capacity to better meet demand isa. time flexibility from workforce.b. use of seasonal workforce.c. use of subcontracting.d. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.e. designing product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate15. The capacity management approach that uses a temporary workforce during thepeak season to increase capacity to match demand isa. time flexibility from workforce.b. the use of seasonal workforce.c. the use of subcontracting.d. the use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.e. designing product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: bDifficulty: Easy16. The capacity management approach where a firm purchases peak productionfrom another firm so that internal production remains level and can be donecheaply isa. time flexibility from workforce.b. the use of seasonal workforce.c. the use of subcontracting.d. the use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.e. designing product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate17. The capacity management approach where a firm builds facilities to produce arelatively stable output of products over time in a very efficient manner andfacilities to produce a widely varying volume and variety of products, but at ahigher unit cost isa. time flexibility from workforce.b. the use of seasonal workforce.c. the use of subcontracting.d. the use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.e. designing product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy18. The capacity management approach where a firm has production lines whoseproduction rate can easily be varied to match demand isa. time flexibility from workforce.b. the use of seasonal workforce.c. the use of subcontracting.d. the use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.e. designing product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: eDifficulty: Moderate19. Which approach to capacity management may be hard to sustain if the labormarket is tight?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate20. Which approach to capacity management makes use of spare plant capacity thatexists in the form of hours when the plant is not operational?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate21. Which approach to capacity management makes use of overtime, which is variedto match the variation in demand?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy22. Which approach to capacity management would schedule the workforce so thatthe available capacity better matches demand?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy23. Which approach to capacity management would use a part-time workforce toincrease capacity flexibility by enabling the firm to have more people at workduring peak periods?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate24. The key to which capacity management approach would involve having bothvolume (fluctuating demand from a manufacturer) and variety flexibility (demand from several manufacturers) to be sustainable?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard25. Which approach to capacity management would require that the workforce bemulti-skilled and easily adapt to being moved from line to line?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate26. Which approach to capacity management would use production machinery thatcan be changed easily from producing one product to another?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate27. Which approach to capacity management would only be effective if the overalldemand across all the products is relatively constant?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. designing product flexibility into the production processesAnswer: eDifficulty: Hard28. Which of the following is an approach that firms can use when managinginventory to meet predictable demand variability?a. time flexibility from workforceb. use of seasonal workforcec. use of subcontractingd. use of dual facilities—dedicated and flexiblee. using common components across multiple productsAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate29. When a firm designs common components used in multiple products, with eachproduct having predictably variable demand, they are trying toa. develop relatively constant overall demand.b. use a seasonal workforce.c. build inventory of high demand or predictable demand products.d. use subcontracting.e. use dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.Answer: dDifficulty: Easy30. When most of the products a firm produces have the same peak demandseason, in order to meet predictable variability with inventory, it musta. use common components across multiple products.b. use a seasonal workforce.c. build inventory of high demand or predictable demand products.d. use subcontracting.e. use dual facilities—dedicated and flexible.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate31. Supply chains can influence demand by usinga. production capacity and inventory.b. pricing and other promotions.c. price promotions and inventory.d. production capacity and inventory promotions.e. production capacity and other promotions.Answer: bDifficulty: Moderate32. The pricing and promotion decisions are often made bya. marketing and sales.b. marketing and operations.c. operations and sales.d. marketing, operations, and sales.e. marketing and operations without sales.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate33. The promotion and pricing decisions made by marketing and sales typically havethe objective ofa. maximizing profitability.b. minimizing profitability.c. minimizing revenue.d. maximizing revenue.e. maximizing profitability across the supply chain.Answer: dDifficulty: Hard34. Pricing decisions based only on revenue considerations often result ina. a decrease in overall profitability.b. an increase in overall profitability.c. a decrease in overall revenue.d. a decrease in supply chain revenue.e. an increase in supply chain profitability.Answer: aDifficulty: Moderate35. The combination of pricing and aggregate planning (both demand and supplymanagement) can be used toa. maximize customer orders.b. minimize customer orders.c. maximize supply chain profitability.d. minimize supply chain profitability.e. None of the above are accurate.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy36. When performing aggregate planning, the goal of all firms should be toa. minimize company profits.b. maximize company profits.c. minimize supply chain profits.d. maximize supply chain profits.e. All of the above are accurate.Answer: dDifficulty: Moderate37. When planning, the goal of all firms in the supply chain should be to maximizesupply chain profits becausea. this leaves them less profit to divide among themselves.b. this leaves them more profit to divide among themselves.c. this outcome leaves them more profit to pay tax on.d. this outcome will increase their charitable giving.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy38. One key to successful collaboration when the supply chain is performingaggregate planning isa. determining how losses will be allocated to different members of thesupply chain.b. determining how profits will be allocated to different members of t hesupply chain.c. determining how labor will be allocated to different members of the supplychain.d. determining how customers will be allocated to different members of thesupply chain.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate39. Which of the following is not a key factor influencing the timing of a tradepromotion?a. impact of the promotion on demandb. product marginsc. cost of holding inventoryd. cost of changing capacitye. none of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate40. Which of the following is not a factor that would result in increased demand froma trade promotion?a. market growthb. stealing sharec. forward sellingd. forward buyinge. All of the above are factors in increased demand.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard41. An increase in consumption of the product either from new or existing customersisa. market growth.b. stealing share.c. forward selling.d. forward buying.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy42. Customers substituting the firm’s product for a competitor’s product isa. market growth.b. stealing share.c. forward selling.d. forward buying.e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy43. Customers moving up future purchases to the present isa. market growth.b. stealing share.c. forward selling.d. forward buying.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy44. In general, as the fraction of increased demand coming from forward buyinggrows, offering the promotion during the peak demand period becomesa. less attractive.b. more attractive.c. more profitable.d. less significant.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate45. Offering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buyinga. creates a desirable demand pattern.b. creates a demand pattern less costly to serve.c. creates a demand pattern even more costly to serve.d. shifts demand from the peak period to the slow period.e. shifts demand to a more desirable period.Answer: cDifficulty: Hard46. Average inventorya. increases if a promotion is run during the peak period.b. increases if a promotion is run during the off-peak period.c. decreases if a promotion is run during the peak period.d. decreases if a promotion is run during the off-peak period.e. both a and dAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate47. Promoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability ifa. a small fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.b. any of the demand increase results from a forward buy.c. a significant fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.d. none of the abovee. all of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Hard48. As the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand p eriodbecomesa. less profitable.b. more profitable.c. less of a risk.d. more desirable.e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: HardEssay/Problems1. Discuss how a firm can respond to predictable variability of demand in the supplychain.Answer: Faced with predictable variability, a company’s goal is to respond in amanner that maximizes profitability. A firm must choose how to handlepredictable variability by utilizing techniques in two broad categories:1. Manage supply using capacity, inventory, subcontracting, and backlogs2. Manage demand using short-term price discounts and trade promotionsThe use of these tools enables the supply chain to greatly increase its profitability because it is able to match supply and demand in a much more coordinatedfashion. One way to meet seasonal demand requires carrying enoughmanufacturing capacity to meet demand in any period. The advantage of thisapproach is very low inventory costs, because no inventory needs to be carriedfrom period to period. The disadvantage, however, is that much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was lower.Another approach to meeting demand would be to build up inventory during theoff season to keep production stable year round. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that a firm could get by with a smaller, less expensive factory. High inventory carrying costs, however, make this alternative expensive. A thirdapproach would be for a firm to work with their retail partners in the supply chain to offer a price promotion during periods of low demand. This promotion shiftssome of the demand into a slow period, thereby spreading demand more evenly throughout the year and reducing the seasonal surge. Such a demand pattern is less expensive to supply. A company needs to decide which alternativemaximizes their profitability.Often companies divide the task of supply and demand management betweendifferent functions. Marketing typically manages demand and Operations typically manages supply. At a higher level, supply chains suffer from this phenomenon as well, with retailers independently managing demand and manufacturersindependently managing supply. With supply and demand managementdecisions being made independently, it is increasingly difficult to coordinate thesupply chain, thereby decreasing profit. Therefore, maximizing profitabilitydepends on these decisions being made in a coordinated fashion and requiressupply chain partners to work together across enterprises.Difficulty: Hard2. Discuss the approaches that can be used to manage capacity to meetpredictable variability of demand.Answer: When managing capacity to meet predictable variability, firms use acombination of the following approaches:•Time flexibility from workforce: In this approach, a firm uses flexible work hours from the workforce to manage capacity to better meet demand. In manyinstances, plants do not operate continually and are left idle during portions of the day or week. Therefore, spare plant capacity exists in the form of hours when the plant is not operational. Many plants do not run three shifts, so the existingworkforce could work overtime during peak periods to produce more to meetdemand. If demand fluctuates by day of the week or week of the month and theworkforce is willing to be flexible, a firm may schedule the workforce so that theavailable capacity better matches demand. In such settings, use of a part-timeworkforce may further increase the capacity flexibility by enabling the firm to have more people at work during peak periods.•Use of seasonal workforce: In this approach, a firm uses a temporary workforce during the peak season to increase capacity to match demand. This approachmay be hard to sustain if the labor market is tight.•Use of subcontracting: In this approach, a firm subcontracts peak production so that internal production remains level and can be done cheaply. With thesubcontractor handling the peaks, the company is able to build a relativelyinflexible but low-cost facility where the production rates are kept relativelyconstant (other than variations that arise from the use of overtime). Peaks aresubcontracted out to facilities that are more flexible. A key here is the availability of relatively flexible subcontractor capacity. The subcontractor can often provide。

10507物流与供应链管理第九章库存管理

10507物流与供应链管理第九章库存管理
实施VMI策略,首先要改变订单的处理方式, 建立基于标准的托付订单处理模式。
库存状态透明性(对供应商)是实施供应商管 理用户库存的关键。
实施步骤:
(1)建立顾客情报信息系统 (2)建立销售网络管理系统 (3)建立供应商与分销商(批发商)的合作框架协议 (4)组织机构的变革
五、联合管理库存策略
第九章 库存管理
第一节 库存管理的基本原理和方法
库存是指处于储存状态的物品或商品。
问题1:库存成本包括哪些要素
1、订购成本 2、库存持有成本 3、缺货成本
日本的理念
成本
总库存成本
库存持有成本
经济订货批量(2)
3
单位订货成本缺货成本
Copyright
n问题2:怎样进行库存分类
n ABC分类法 n 将库存物资按重要程度分类 特别重要的库存(A类库存) 一般重要的库存(B类库存) 不重要的库存(C类库存)

9、一个人即使已登上顶峰,也仍要自 强不息 。上午 4时50 分16秒 上午4时 50分04 :50:162 0.6.3
• 10、你要做多大的事情,就该承受多大的压力。6/3/20
20 4:50:16 AM04:50:162020/6/3
• 11、自己要先看得起自己,别人才会看得起你。6/3/20
3、实施VMI的好处
(1)成本缩减
VMI缓和了需求的不确定性 VMI解决了存货水平与顾客服务水平的冲突 VMI提高了补货频率,使供需双方都受益 VMI将使运输成本减少
(2)服务改善
VMI中,在多用户补货、递送间的协调大大改善了 服务水平。
VMI可以使产品更新更加方便.
4、VMI的实施方法
2、VMI的基本思想
(1)合作精神(合作性原则)

《供应链管理》第九章 供应链企业组织结构与业务流程重构

《供应链管理》第九章 供应链企业组织结构与业务流程重构

§2 BPR的基本内涵
BPR的企业组织结构示意图
§3供应链管理环境下的企业组织与业务 流程
一、供应链管理环境下的企业业务流程的主 要特征 1. 制造商与供应商之间业务流程的变化 2. 企业内部业务流程的变化 (如采购) 3. 支持业务流程的技术手段的变化
§3供应链管理环境下的企业组织与业务 流程
§2 BPR的基本内涵
三、基于BPR的企业组织结构 3.职能部门作用转变 • 在新的组织结构中,这种职能部门的重要 性已退位于流程之后,不再占有主导地位, 它更多地转变为激励、协调、培训等。 • 人力资源的开发与应用则更显得重要
§2 BPR的基本内涵
三、基于BPR的企业组织结构 4.现代信息技术的支持作用 • 以信息技术使企业再生 • 现代信息技术已成为新型企业的物理框架, 对整个企业组织的各方面起着支持作用。
§2 BPR的基本内涵
二、BPR基本思想和要求
• B P R的核心思想是要打破企业按职能设置部门的 管理方式,代之以业务流程为中心,重新设计企 业管理过程。 • BPR要求从跨部门的角度考察主要业务流程 • BPR要求以信息化促进业务流程和组织结构的再 造
§2 BPR的基本内涵
三、基于BPR的企业组织结构
一、BPR提出 • 1990年,美国麻省理工学院M .哈默(Micheal Hammer)教授在<<哈佛商业评论>>上首先 提出企业业务流程重构(Business Process Reengineering)的概念 • 1993年,哈默与J .钱贝(James Chamby) 出版《重组企业》(Reengineering the Corporation)一书
第九章 供应链企业组织结构与 业务流程重构

第九章物流、供应链管理与订单履行

第九章物流、供应链管理与订单履行

品安装说明、必要的培训、退换货等全部相关的
客户服务。
过程
交付周期通知
下 下 单 单
拒绝
支付
批准
无库存
库存 结算
生产/采购 入库
有库存
运输
保险
退货/退款
二、电子商务与订单履行
(一)订单履行的工作内容
• (1)商品的生产与组织。包括库存控制、供应链管理及其电子化、 协同商务。 • (2)运输配送。将客户购买的产品快速地配送到客户手中。 • (3)客户服务。远程支持客户使其能够顺利地安装、使用产品,同
结构。
表9-1 线形供应链和网状供应链对比
对比点 业务核心 线性SC 垂直型 网状SC 矩阵型
竞争
竞争优势 市场范围 SCM的范围 SC核心 伙伴定义 执行过程 客户满足 客户服务 信息交换 库存 计划制定
企业对企业
有形资产 国内 企业内部 成本和资产利用 供应链 没有分工 按库存 低客户期望 沟通 高 依靠管理者和分析师
包括废旧物资边角余料等的回收利用各种废弃物的处理废料废气废供应者原材料储存生产过程在制品储存成品储存顾客供应物流生产物流销售物流回收废弃物物流物流信息流供应者原材料储存生产过程在制品储存成品储存顾客供应物流生产物流销售物流回收废弃物物流物流信息流图915物流按照作用的分类五电子商务下物流的实现模式一电子商务与普通商务活动共用一套物流系统二自己组建物流企业三外包给专业的物流公司四第三方物流企业建立电子商务系统案例91亚马逊网上书店的物流与配送总部位于美国西雅图的亚马逊网上书店于1995年7月开业到1999年底全球已有160个国家1300万网民在亚马逊书店购买了商品
平衡供应链可以实现各主要职能如采购上的低采购成本、生产上的规模 效益、分销上的低运输成本、市场上的产品多样化和财务上的资金运转

专科《物流与供应链管理》_试卷_答案

专科《物流与供应链管理》_试卷_答案

专科《物流与供应链管理》_试卷_答案专科《物流与供应链管理》一、(共75题,共150分)1. 供应链下采购的组织,与物料匹配的采购策略,集中与分散采购策略,准时化采购策略,订单的合并策略以及供应商的评选等内容属于()。

(2分)A.供应链运作管理B.供应链采购管理C.供应链分销管理D.供应链库存控制.标准答案:B2. ()决策是以分析企业现有的供应链技能和专业知识为起点:企业真正擅长什么,哪些专业领域有可能创造战略差异优势?(2分)A.运营策略B.渠道策略C.外包策略D.物流战略.标准答案:C3. 创新战略的竞争优势来源是()。

(2分)A.品牌与独特技术B.低成本运营C.超级服务D.最安全可靠的产品.标准答案:A4. ()是向生产商.分销商.零售商和顾客提供服务的组织(2分)A.服务商B.消费者C.分销商D.生产商.标准答案:A5. 钢铁联合企业需要提前数月安排生产计划,缺少变化,因此其在供应链的能力图谱中属于()(2分)A.高盈利水平B.一定盈利水平C.一定反应能力D.高反应能力.标准答案:A6. ()是按顾客定单的特殊要求重新设计与制造能满足特殊需求的新零部件或整个产品,定制化发生在产品设计环节。

(2分)A.按订单销售B.按订单装配C.按订单制造D.按订单设计.标准答案:D7. ()采用可附加大量不同构件的标准结构,允许在可插入该结构的模块类型.数量和位置等方面有所变化。

(2分)A.总线模块化B.可组合模块化C.变更-装配式模块化D.混合模块化.标准答案:A 8. ()是近十余年形成的一种全新的管理理念,它有别于传统管理思想的关键之处,在于将已被公认了的重要资源—客户纳入企业资产,并以客户资产为核心,优化配置企业资源,创造企业价值最大化。

(2分)A.客户资产管理B.客户价值的度量C.产品的定价策略D.客户关系管理.标准答案:A9. 下列关于ABC分类法中A类商品管理策略阐述正确的是:()(2分)A.按经营方针调节库存水平B.采用定量订货方式,当库存降到最低点时发出订货,订货为经济批量C.采用双堆法,用两个库位储存,一个库位货发完了,用另一个库位发,并补充第一个库位的存货D.投入较大力量精心管理,将库存压缩到最低水平.标准答案:D10. ()是指在研究的新产品数.储备的新产品数和已投产的新产品数之和与现有的产品总数的比值。

智慧树知到《供应链管理》章节测试答案

智慧树知到《供应链管理》章节测试答案

智慧树知到《供应链管理》章节测试答案第一章1、供应链是一个网链结构,由围绕()的供应商、供应商的供应商和用户、用户的用户组成。

A:主要B:最终用户C:一级D:核心企业正确答案:核心企业2、()的驱动力产生于最终客户,整个供应链的集成度较高,信息交换迅速,可有效降低库存,为客户提供更大的价值。

A:拉动式供应链B:推动式供应链C:有效性供应链D:响应性供应链正确答案:拉动式供应链3、以下关于供应链管理模式说法错误的是()。

A:从“大而全、小而全”向“分散网络化制造”转变B:从“封闭式”向“开放式”的设计、开发与生产转变C:从“纵向一体化”向“横向一体化”转变D:从“横向一体化”向“纵向一体化”转变正确答案:从“横向一体化”向“纵向一体化”转变4、全球竞争环境的变化体现在以下几个方面()。

A:全球化B:产品生命周期越来越短C:产品品种数飞速膨胀D:产品价格迅速下跌E:对产品和服务的期望越来越高正确答案:全球化,产品生命周期越来越短,产品品种数飞速膨胀,产品价格迅速下跌,对产品和服务的期望越来越高5、传统管理模式的弊端包括()。

A:增加企业投资负担B:迫使企业从事不擅长的业务活动C:在每个业务领域都具有较强竞争力D:承担丧失市场时机的风险正确答案:增加企业投资负担,迫使企业从事不擅长的业务活动,承担丧失市场时机的风险6、供应链是一条连接供应商到客户的()。

A:物料链B:价值链C:信息链D:资金链正确答案:物料链,价值链,信息链,资金链7、供应链管理的作用是()。

A:提高顾客满意度B:保持市场份额不变C:降低成本D:有效运用固定资产和流动资产E:提高市场竞争力正确答案:提高顾客满意度,降低成本,有效运用固定资产和流动资产,提高市场竞争力8、供应链可以没有核心企业。

()A:对B:错正确答案:错9、供应链管理的主要目标是以系统的观点,对多个职能和多层次供应商进行整合和管理外购、业务流程和物料控制。

()A:对B:错正确答案:对10、推动式供应链的集成度较高,适用于供大于求、客户需求不断变化的市场环境。

《国际结算》(第三版)习题答案 第九章 供应链金融 习题答案

《国际结算》(第三版)习题答案 第九章  供应链金融 习题答案

第九章供应链金融习题答案一、术语解释1、供应链金融商业银行利用自身在供应链资金流管理上的专业优势,通过对有实力核心企业的责任捆绑和对供应链资金流、物流的有效控制,针对该链条上核心企业、供应商、经销商及终端用户等不同客户的融资需求,提供以货物销售回款自偿为风险控制基础的组合融资服务,这类金融服务一般称为供应链金融(supply chain financing,SCF)。

2、保兑仓授信又称担保提货授信。

担保提货是先票(款)后货产品的变种,它是在客户(买方)交纳一定保证金的前提下,银行贷出全额货款供客户向核心企业(卖方)采购,卖方出具全额提单作为授信的抵(质)押物。

随后,客户分次向银行提交提货保证金,银行再分次通知卖方向客户发货。

卖方就发货不足部分的价值承担向银行的退款责任。

该产品也称“卖方担保买方信贷模式”。

3、动态抵(质)押授信动态抵(质)押授信是静态抵(质)押授信的延伸产品,它是指客户以自有或第三人合法拥有的动产为抵(质)押的授信业务,也称“核定库存模式”。

银行对于客户抵(质)押的商品价值设定最低限额,允许在限额以上的商品出库,客户可以货易货。

该产品适用于库存稳定、货物品类较为一致、抵(质)押物的价值核定较为容易的客户。

同时,对于一些客户的存货进出频繁、难以采用静态抵(质)押授信的情况,也可运用本产品。

该产品多用于生产型客户。

4、自偿性贸易融资就是根据企业真实贸易背景和上下游客户资信实力,以单笔或额度授信方式,提供银行短期金融产品和封闭贷款,以企业销售收入或贸易所产生的确定的未来现金流作为直接还款来源的融资业务。

5、供应链金融“1+N”模式基于核心企业连带关系的供应链金融,服务于供应链和交易链集群企业的系统性解决方案。

深圳发展银行的“1+N”模式就是该供应链金融的典型实践。

银行和核心企业(即“1+N”模式中的“1”)进行统筹安排,针对供应链不同部分的交易结构及衍生的融资需求关键节点,选择性地对核心企业上下游的供应商和分销商(即“N”)提供授信。

供应链管理(第5版)课后习题答案

供应链管理(第5版)课后习题答案

供应链管理课后习题答案第一章、供应链管理导论1.供应链的结构特征是什么?将供应商、制造商、分销商、零售商、直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链结构。

2.何谓供应链管理?简述供应链管理与传统企业管理的区别和联系。

供应链管理就是使以核心企业为中心的供应链运作达到最优化,以最低的成本,另供应链从采购开始,到满足最终用户的所有过程,包括工作流、实物流、信息流、资金流等均高效率运作,把合适的产品,以合理的价格,及时准确的送到消费者手中。

区别:①传统企业的运营思想是生产是为了销售,而供应链企业运营的思想是按订单准时生产、快速响应客户需求②传统企业的管理手段是控制库存、降低库存成本,而供应链管理的手段是供应链企业协同创新、共创价值③传统企业提高生产效率的主要方法是扩大批量、增加规模效应,而供应链企业提高效率的主要方法是提升企业的柔性和敏捷性联系:供应链管理主要是以物流运行作为流程的,是开放性的,传统企业只是供应链管理中的一个环节,是闭环的。

3.供应链管理的关键在于实现企业内部及企业之间资源的集成。

从这个角度,分析互联网在供应链管理中的重要地位。

从管理难度的角度:现在的客户关系管理、企业资源计划等系统使得管理更加容易,尤其是对于一些全球性企业和跨区域企业从效率的角度:通过IT系统,从客户需求到计划、采购、生产、运输等供应链的整个过程更加迅速、高效。

当然也包括上下游企业和核心企业之间的沟通。

从成本的角度:管理难度下降,效率提升,这实际上降低了企业的成本4.电子商务将成为21世纪最主要的商业模式之一,它将对企业传统的业务流程带来巨大变革。

请阐述供应链管理对我国企业成功实施电子商务的重要意义。

基于电子商务的供应链的管理的主要内容涉及订单处理、生产组织、采购管理、运输与配送管理、库存管理、客户服务、支付管理等,供应链管理可促进电子商务的发展,使资源在供应链网络中合理流动,来缩短交货周期、降低库存,并且通过提供自助交易的自助式服务以降低成本,提高速度和精确性,增强企业竞争力。

供应链管理习题和答案

供应链管理习题和答案

专科物流专业供应链管理练习题姓名学号班级练习题一1. 供应链运行绩效(de)评估()A.涉及到(de)是供应链上(de)部分企业 B.涉及到了供应链上所有(de)企业;C.只涉及到核心企业 D.只与上下游企业之间有关系.2.下列不属于供应链环境管理下(de)库存问题(de)是()A、侧重于优化单一(de)库存成本B、供应链(de)战略与规划问题C、供应链(de)运作问题D、信息类问题3.不属于产品生命周期(de)是哪个()A.计划期B.成长期C.成熟期D.衰退期4.供应链合作伙伴关系(de)主要目(de)是()A.缩短采购提前期,提高供货(de)柔性B.加快资金周转C.通过缩短供应链总周期,达到降低成本和提高质量(de)目(de)D.减少供应商数目5.()指超越一家一户(de)以一个社会为范畴面向社会为目(de)(de)物流.A. 宏观物流B.社会物流C. 微观物流D.企业物流6.下列不属于QR对厂商(de)优点(de)是()A. 更好(de)为顾客服务B. 降低了费用C. 生产计划准确D.增加了收入7、下列不是供应链特性(de)是()A.供应链是交错链状(de)网络结构.B.供应链是企业(de)主体部分.C.供应链是一条增值链.D.供应链(de)网络结构是由顾客需求拉动(de).8、属于多级库存优化与控制(de)方法有()A.减少成本B.中心化(集中式)策略C.改进服务质量D.获得更多(de)市场信息9.TOC理论对供应链(de)启迪是企业(de)经营业绩应该是加强链条中(). A.最强(de)一环 B.最薄弱(de)一环C.所有环节D.部分环节10. 建立战略合作关系(de)第一步必须明确战略关系对于企业(de)必要性,企业必须评估潜在(de)()A、利益与风险B、成本与风险C、资金与风险D、投资与风险11. 下列不属于供应链环境管理下(de)库存问题(de)是()A、侧重于优化单一(de)库存成本B、供应链(de)战略与规划问题C、供应链(de)运作问题D、信息类问题12.供应链管理中提到(de)客户主要是指()A、只是指最终(de)消费者B、与企业内部(de)部门无关C、可以指代供应链上(de)每个相关企业和部门D、只指代渠道分销员13.对于供应链下库存管理(de)方法,以下说法正确(de)是()A、联合库存管理比供应商管理库存(de)方式更优越B、制造商管理库存体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型合作企业合作关系C、联合库存管理体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型企业合作关系D、自动库存补充方法体现了战略供应商联盟(de)新型企业合作关系14.在大多数(de)跨国公司中,选择供应商(de)基本准则“”是()A、质量、成本、交付与服务并重(de)原则B、数量、成本、交付与服务并重(de)原则C、价格、质量、成本与服务并重(de)原则D、质量、价格、成本与服务并重(de)原则15.供应链管理(de)初级阶段,典型(de)供应链策略主要是指()A、企业资源计划与准是制B、高效客户响应和准是制;C、高效客户响应和快速响应D、企业资源计划与快速响应.16.稳定(de)供应链指(de)是()A、基于相对稳定、单一(de)市场需求而组成(de)供应链B、供应链(de)容量能满足用户需求时(de)供应链C、体现供应链(de)市场中介功能D、基于相对频繁变化、复杂(de)需求组成(de)动态供应链17.第三方物流服务(de)成功因素中最主要(de)是().A.可靠性 B.准时性C.快捷性 D.为客户服务18.由供方与需方以外(de)物流企业提供物流服务(de)业务模式是(). A.内部物流 B.第一方物流C.第三方物流 D.军事物流19.目前(de)供应链系统正在朝着()(de)方向进行改革.A.拉式市场 B.推式市场C.产品中心 D.推拉式市场20.()中,会导致“牛鞭效应”.A.拉式市场 B.推式市场C.产品中心 D.推拉式市场1. 物流系统具有()特性.A.整体性 B.层次性C.相关性 D.目(de)性 E.适应性2、供应链管理(de)作用有哪些()A.创造竞争(de)成本优势B. 创造竞争(de)收益优势C.创造竞争(de)时间和空间优越D.创造竞争(de)整体优势3、基于产品(de)供应链设计时需考虑(de)因素有()A.产品需求(de)不确定性B.储存产品仓库(de)不确定性C.供应链(de)反应能力D.资金4、供应链(de)结构模型主要有()A、链状(de)结构模型B、直线型结构模型C、网状(de)结构模型D、曲线型结构模型5、供应链管理下(de)采购特点有哪些()A.从市场购买转变为外部厂家直接购买B.从采购管理转变转变为外部资源管理C.从为库存而采购转变为为订单而采购D.从一般(de)买卖关系转变为战略伙伴关系6、供应链(de)生产外包管理内容包括()A.产品价格B.交货数量C.产品质量D.交货期及服务7.绿色供应链(de)内容包括().A.绿色设计 B.绿色采购C.绿色生产 D.绿色物流 E.绿色营销8.横向一体化管理模式(de)特征有()A.生产(de)核心化B.市场(de)易扩张化C.组织(de)柔性化D.利益(de)多赢化9.有效顾客响应(de)实现包括(de)主要信息技术有()A.EDI技术B.条码技术C.POS技术D.射频技术10.业务流程重组(de)类型有()A.职能内BPRB.职能间BPRC.组织间BPR C.供应链间(de)BPR三、名词解释(20分,每题2分)1.供应链2.供应链管理3.价值链4.延迟技术5.ECR6.CPFR7.牛鞭效应8.安全库存9.联合管理库存10.CRM1、供应链结构模式比一般单个企业(de)结构模式更为简单. ()2、依据相对于顾客需求(de)执行顺序,供应链上(de)所有流程可以分为两类:推动流程和拉动流程.()3、供应链管理(de)实施目标之一是总成本最低化,总成本最低化目标是指运输费用或库存成本. ()4、供应链之间(de)竞争实质上是时间竞争.()5、供应商在供应链上扮演着一个至关重要(de)角色,是链中物流(de)始发点,是资金流(de)开始,同时又是反馈信息流(de)终点.()6、第四方物流是第三方物流公司为其客户提供一种增值服务,主要是解决物流规划功能外包问题(de)物流方案.()7、从系统开发(de)角度,客户关系管理是帮助企业以一定(de)组织方式来管理客户(de)互联网软件系统.()8、MC模式(de)关键是实现产品标准化和制造柔性化之间(de)平衡.()9、连续性检查(de)固定订货量、固定订货点策略,即(Q, R)策略.该策略(de)基本思想是:对库存进行连续性检查,当库存降低到订货点水平R时,即发出一个订货,每次(de)订货量要发生变化.()10、联合库存管理(Joint Managed Inventory,JMI)是指由供应商和用户联合管理库存.()五、简答题(30分,每题6分)1.绿色供应链管理和传统(de)供应链管理(de)区别体现在哪些方面2.纵向一体化管理模式存在哪些弊端3. 供应链中需求变异放大产生(de)原因是什么4. 解释零库存(de)概念和内涵.5. 准时化采购(de)特点是什么六、案例分析题(10分)西南仓储公司(de)管理西南仓储公司是一家地处四川省成都市(de)国有商业储运公司,随着市场经济(de)深入发展,原有(de)业务资源逐渐减少,在企业(de)生存和发展过程中,也经历了由专业储运公司到非专业储运公司再到专业储运公司(de)发展历程.在业务资源和客户资源不足(de)情况下,这个以仓储为主营业务(de)企业其仓储服务是有什么就储存什么.以前是以五金交电为主,后来也储存过钢材、水泥和建筑涂料等生产资料.这种经营方式解决了企业仓库(de)出租问题.那么,这家企业是如何发展区域物流(de)呢专业化当仓储资源又重新得到充分利用(de)时候,这家企业并没有得到更多利益,经过市场调查和分析研究,这家企业最后确定了立足自己(de)老本行,发展以家用电器为主(de)仓储业务.一方面,在家用电器仓储上,加大投入和加强管理,加强与国内外知名家用电器厂商(de)联系,向这些客户和潜在客户介绍企业确定(de)面向家用电器企业(de)专业化发展方向,吸引家电企业进入.另一方面,与原有(de)非家用电器企业用户协商,建议其转库,同时将自己(de)非家用电器用户主动地介绍给其他同行.延伸服务在家用电器(de)运输和使用过程中,不断出现损坏(de)家用电器,以往,每家生产商都是自己进行维修,办公场所和人力方面(de)成本很高,经过与用户协商,在得到大多数生产商认可(de)情况下,这家企业在库内开始了家用电器(de)维修业务,既解决了生产商(de)售后服务(de)实际问题,也节省了维修品往返运输(de)成本和时间,并分流了企业内部(de)富余人员,一举两得.多样化除了为用户提供仓储服务之外,这家企业还为一个最大(de)客户提供办公服务,向这个客户(de)市场销售部门提供办公场所,为客户提供了前店后厂(de)工作环境,大大(de)提高了客户(de)满意度.区域性物流配送通过几年(de)发展,企业经营管理水平不断提高,企业内部(de)资源得到了充分(de)挖掘,同样,企业(de)仓储资源和其他资源也已经处于饱和状态,资源饱和了,收入(de)增加从何而来在国内发展现代物流(de)形势下,这家企业认识到只有走出库区,走向社会,发展物流,才能提高企业(de)经济效益,提高企业(de)实力.发展物流从何处做起经过调查和分析,决定从学习入手,向比自己先进(de)企业学习,逐步进入现代物流领域.经过多方努力,他们找到一家第三方物流企业,在这个第三方物流企业(de)指导下,通过与几家当地(de)运输企业合作(外包运输),开始了区域内(de)家用电器物流配送,为一家跨国公司提供物流服务,现在这家企业(de)家用电器(de)物流配送已经覆盖了四川(成都市)、贵州和云南.问题:(1)通过案例分析说明现代物流与传统物流(de)区别(2)通过分析西南仓储公司向现代物流(de)转变过程,你认为其转变成功(de)关键是什么(3)通过本案例分析,你认为中国目前传统物流企业怎样才能实现向现代物流(de)转变练习题二一.单选题(20分,每题1分)1. ()要体现供应链(de)物理功能,即以最低(de)成本将原材料转化成零部件、半成品、产品,以及在供应链中(de)运输等.A、有效性供应链B、反应性供应链C、稳定供应链D、动态供应链2.企业已经普遍将信息系统业务,在规定(de)服务水平基础上外包给应用服务提供商(ASP),由其管理并提供用户所需要(de)信息服务.这是属于()业务方式.A、研发外包B、生产外包C、脑力资源外包D、应用服务外包3.()不是供应链管理环境下采购(de)特点.A、为订单而采购B、从采购管理向外部资源管理转变C、为库存而采购D、从一般买卖关系向战略协作伙伴关系转变4.求变异加速放大(de)原因中,()需求放大(de)主要原因.A、需求预测修正B、订货批量决策C、价格波动D、短缺博弈5.企业目前工作流程存在(de)问题中,是由于分工过细造成(de)问题是()A、无人负责整个经营过程,缺乏全心全意为顾客服务(de)意识B、组织机构臃肿,助长官僚作风C、单一,适应性差D、资源闲置和重复劳动,症结是内部信息纵向和横向沟通不够6.在物流管理组织结构(de)演变中,试图在一个高层经理(de)领导下,统一所有(de)物流功能和运作,目(de)是对所有原材料和制成品(de)运输和存储进行战略管理,以使企业产生最大利益.这种组织基本上是属于()A、传统物流管理组织结构B、简单功能集合(de)物流组织形式C、物流功能独立(de)组织形式D、一体化物流组织形式7.CR系统(de)构建中(de)在零售环节,()是管理(de)重点.A、营销技术B、物流技术C、信息技术D、组织革新技术8.dEx参与电子商务业务(de)主要身份是()A.经营者 B.制造者 C.网站经营者 D.第三方物流9.流服务与成本(de)关系中,大部分企业普遍存在和被公认(de)关系是()A.在物流服务水平一定(de)情况下,降低物流成本;B.在提高物流服务水平(de)同时,增加了物流成本;C.在物流成本一定(de)情况下,提高了物流服务水平;D.在提高服务水平(de)同时,降低物流成本.10.决定每一种商品(de)恰当库存水平,以及维持这些库存水平(de)恰当策略是()A.JITB.EOQC.VMID.QR11.流(de)主要特点是前端服务与_____集成.( )A.后端服务B. 外包服务C.物流服务D.客户服务12.JIT技术又称及时管理方式,也称零库存管理方式,该技术是由以下哪个汽车公司开发出来(de)( )A.日本丰田B.德国福特C.日本本田D.美国通用13.联合库存管理作为一种合作创新(de)管理模式,更多地体现在()A.供需协调管理B.机制建立C.信息沟通D.需求预测14.ECR(de)主要目标是( )A. 增加供应链各个环节(de)收益B. 降低供应链各个环节(de)成本C. 缩短供应链各个环节(de)时间D. 提高了供应链各个环节(de)服务15.管理最主要(de)两个领域就是供应商(de)选择和( )A. 供应商(de)关系管理B. 供应商(de)目标管理C. 供应商(de)成本管理D. 供应商(de)考核管理16.价值链(de)概念是迈克尔.波特在其着名(de)()一书中提出(de).A. 竞争优势B.竞争战略C. 国家竞争力D.竞争力17. 供应链管理这个名词最早出现在(A、交通运输业B、城市配送业C、信息产业D、咨询业18. 供应链合作伙伴关系(de)主要目(de)是()A.缩短采购提前期,提高供货(de)柔性B.加快资金周转C.通过缩短供应链总周期,达到降低成本和提高质量(de)目(de)D.减少供应商数目19.()指超越一家一户(de)以一个社会为范畴面向社会为目(de)(de)物流.A. 宏观物流B.社会物流C. 微观物流D.企业物流20.不属于QR对厂商(de)优点(de)是()A. 更好(de)为顾客服务B. 降低了费用C. 生产计划准确D.增加了收入二.多选题(10分,每题1分)1、下列()体现了供应链管理(de)管理思想A、强调核心竞争力B、资源外用(Outsourcing)C、合作性竞争D、延迟制造(Postponement)原则;E、以顾客满意度为目标(de)服务化管理;2、供应链设计(de)主要内容有()A、供应链成员及合作伙伴选择B、网络结构设计C、供应链运行基本规则D、协调机制E、生产物流(de)计划与控制体系(de)建立3、核心竞争力(de)主要特点是()A、价值优越性B、难替代性C、差异性D、可延伸性E、可复制性4、根据计划来管理企业(de)生产经营活动,叫做计划管理,计划管理是一个过程,通常包括()阶段.A、编制计划B、执行计划C、检查计划完成情况D、组织E、制定改进措施5、供应链管理环境下(de)生产计划与传统生产计划有显着(de)不同.在制定生产计划(de)过程中,主要面临以下()方面(de)问题.A、柔性约束B、生产进度C、生产能力D、组织设计E、物流管理6、需求变异加速放大(de)原因().A、需求预测修正B、订货批量决策C、多级库存D、短缺博弈E、价格波动7、VMI(de)基本思想有()A、联合进行管理库存B、使双方成本最小(互惠原则)C、框架协议(目标一致性原则)D、连续改进原则E、合作精神(合作性原则)8、第三方物流公司(de)未来前景可以向以下()方面努力.A、老主顾外包其他业务B、实施联合运输方式C、开发物流信息管理系统D、处理供应链末端任务E、整合供应链作业9、下列()在供应链管理中(de)应用比较广泛.A、Internet/Intranet技术、WEB技术B、MRP、MRPII 、ERP、CRM、JIT、CIMSC、CAD/CAMD、BR、RFID、GIS、GPS、EDIE、航空航天技术10、CPFR(de)主要特点有().A、协同B、规划C、预测D、战略E、补货三、名词解释(10分,每题2分)1.第三方物流2.JIT采购3.零和关系4.EDI5.物流一体化四、判断题(10分,每题1分)1.所谓供应链(de)合作伙伴关系,也就是供应链中各节点企业之间(de)关系,对制造业来说,主要是制造商与制造商之间(de)关系.()2.哈兰德(Harland)将供应链管理描述成对商业活动和组织内部关系、与直接采购者(de)关系、与第一级或第二级供应商(de)关系、与客户(de)关系等整个供应链关系(de)管理.3.供应链环境下,以团队工作为特征(de)组织模式使供应链具有网络化结构特征,因此供应链管理模式不是层级管理,也不是矩阵管理,而是网络化管理.()4.为了支持企业内部集成化供应链管理,主要采用供应链计划(Supply Chain Planning, SCP)和JIT来实施集成化计划和控制.()5.从节点企业与节点企业之间关系(de)角度来考察,供应链网络结构主要包括链状结构、网状结构、核心企业网状结构三种.()6.当存在外部性时,企业应尽可能(de)集中布局,这样可以获得更多(de)收益利润,攫取最大可能(de)市场份额.()7.即时制采购是一种先进(de)采购模式,它(de)基本思想是:在恰当(de)时间、恰当(de)地点、以恰当(de)数量、恰当(de)质量提供恰当(de)物品.()8.决策树是一种图谱,它可用来评估存在不确定因素(de)情况下所作出(de)决策.但对供应链内部评估弹性时,决策树分析方法却并不十分有效.()9.CRM是一种以客户为中心(de)商业哲学、商业战略和企业文化.()10.单个企业绩效评价指标主要是基于业务流程(de)绩效评价指标,而供应链绩效评价指标是基于部门职能(de)绩效评价指标.()五、简答题(30分,每题3分)1.述基于供应链(de)运输决策(de)要点有哪些2.信息技术对供应链管理有哪些影响3.如何对供应商进行评估和选择4.简述供应链设计(de)原则和步骤.5. 实施客户关系管理(de)战略步骤.6.简述供应链网状模型.7.订货点法(de)库存管理策略包括哪几种8.供应链管理环境下供应商管理库存(VMI)(de)优势是什么9.物流外包(de)阻力和风险是什么10.有效顾客响应(de)实施战略有哪些六、论述题(20分,每题10分)1. 论述企业如何进行业务外包活动.2. 供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系有什么不同14级专科物流专业供应链管理练习题答案习题一一、单选题1-5 BAACA 6-10 CABBA11-15 ACCAC 16-20 ADCAB二、多选题1 ABCDE2 ABD3 BCD4 AC5 ABCD6 ABCD7 ABCDE8 ABCD9 AC 10 ABC三、略(书本能直接找到答案)四、判断题1-5×√×√√ 6-10√×√√√五、略(书本能直接找到答案)六、案例分析参考答案答:(1)答:基于现代供应链管理理念(de)物流;将现代信息技术应用到全过程;以社会化运作(de)第三方物流为主.(2)答:市场分析,要求进入物流市场切入点,发展自己优势,充分利用社会资源,减少进入成本,提高服务水平,拓展服务功能.(3)答:调整市场、自身优势、结合点、外部资源、管理机制习题二一、单选题1-5 CDCDD 6-10 DCDDC11-15 ACABA 16-20 ADCAC二、多选题1 CDE2 ABCD3 ABCD4 ABCDE5 ACD6 DE7 ABCDE8 BCDE9 ABD 10 ABCE三、略(书本能直接找到答案)四、判断题1-5×√√×√ 6-10×√×√×五、略(书本能直接找到答案)六、论述题1. (1)研发外包研发外包是利用外部资源弥补自己开发能力(de)不足.企业可以根据需要,有选择地和相关研究院所、大专院校建立合作关系,将技术项目“外包”给他们攻关,或购买先进(de)但尚未产业化(de)技术.(2)生产外包这种外包一般是企业将生产环节安排到劳动力成本较低(de)国家,以降低生产环节(de)成本.(3)物流外包物流外包不仅仅降低了企业(de)整体运作成本,更重要(de)是使买卖过程摆脱了物流过程(de)束缚,使供应链能够为客户提供前所未有(de)服务.(4)脑力资源外包即雇用外界(de)人力(主要是脑力资源),解决本企业解决不了或解决不好(de)问题.脑力资源外包内容主要有互联网咨询、信息管理、ERP系统实施应用、管理.2. 供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系有什么不同答:在新(de)竞争环境下,供应链合作关系强调长期(de)战略协作,强调共同努力实现共有(de)计划和解决共同问题,强调(de)是相互之间(de)信任与合作.这与传统(de)关系模式有着很大(de)区别,见下表.供应链合作关系与传统供应商关系(de)比较。

江西科技学院物流管理专业2020-2021学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第九章

江西科技学院物流管理专业2020-2021学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第九章

江西科技学院物流管理专业2020-2021学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第九章基本信息:[矩阵文本题] *1.物流模数规格1200×1000毫米是由集装的基础模数尺寸()毫米确定的 [单选题] *A.1000×600B.1000×400C.500×400D.600×400(正确答案)2.物流成本与其它成本比较,突出的特点是物流冰山现象和()。

[单选题] *A.多赢B.效益背反(正确答案)C.固定成本与物流成本比率大D.各项作业的消耗小3.物流标准化中以()为最重要 [单选题] *A.物流基础模数(正确答案)B.物流模数C.集装箱尺寸D.物流建筑基础模数4.物流质量管理指用()的办法,向用户提供满足其要求的物流质量的手段体系 [单选题] *A.行政B.经济(正确答案)C.法律D.技术5.物流质量的概念体现的是一种()质量观 [单选题] *A.全面的(正确答案)B.片面的C.整体的D.局部的6.被称为集装基础模数尺寸的规格是().毫米 [单选题] *A.1200×1000(正确答案)B.1200×1200C.1200×1100D.1000×10007.生产性流通成本,又称()。

[单选题] *A.直接成本B.间接成本C.追加成本(正确答案)D.销售成本8.物流质量管理应突出强调预防为主()。

[单选题] *A.事后检验B.事前检验C.事前控制(正确答案)D.事后控制9.纯粹性流通成本,又称()。

[单选题] *A追加成本B.间接成本C.直接成本D.销售成本(正确答案)10.广义的物流成本是指包括()的物品实体与价值变化而发生的全部成本[单选题] *A.生产.流通.消费全过程(正确答案)B.生产经营C.采购D.销售11.物流成本指的是在()过程中发生的成本 [单选题] *A.生产经营B.采购C.物流活动(正确答案)D.供应链管理12.下列按物流成本管理说法错误的是() [单选题] *A.物流成本管理就是对所有物流活动中发生的成本进行计划分析,核算,控制与优化以达到降低物流总成本B.由于存在效益背反,提高对客户的物流服务必然导致物流成本提高(正确答案)C.根据物流成本的计算结果,制定物流计划,调整物流活动并对其效果进行评价D.可以通过效率化的配送,借助于现代信息系统构筑和利用第三方物流来降低物流成本13.狭义的物流成本是指由于()而引起的有关运输,包装,装卸等成本 [单选题] *A.物品实体的场所<或位置>位移(正确答案)B.生产经营C.采购D.销售14.物流对象的保护包含数量保护.质量保护和() [单选题] *A.时间保护B.重量保护C.防止灾害(正确答案)D.装运防护15.物流质量主要由物流时间,物流费用和()来衡量 [单选题] *A.物流速度B.物流范围C.物流效率(正确答案)D.物流成本16.物流质量管理必须满足两个方面的要求,一是满足()的要求,另一方面是满足用户的要求 [单选题] *A.销售者B.生产者(正确答案)C.供应者D.管理者17.物流质量管理的四个关键点是() [单选题] *A.服务性.全面性.科学性.先进性B.服务性.科学性.技术性.全面性C.服务性.全面性.预防性.科学性D.服务性.全面性.预防性.先进性(正确答案)18. ()是对物流对象物编码,并且按物流过程的要求,转化成条形码,是物流大系统能够实现衔接,配合的基本的标准 [单选题] *A.基础编码标准(正确答案)B.物流基础模数尺寸标准C.集装模数尺寸D.物流建筑基础模数尺寸19.()是基础模数尺寸指标标准化的共同单位尺寸,或系统各标准尺寸的最大公约尺寸 [单选题] *A.基础编码标准B.物流基础模数尺寸标准(正确答案)C.集装模数尺寸D.物流建筑基础模数尺寸20. ()是物流标准化基点 [单选题] *A.运输B.集装(正确答案)C.装卸D.托盘21.物流基础模数尺寸的基点主要是() [单选题] *A.科学化B.经济性C.简单性(正确答案)D.实用性22.确定基础模数尺寸主要考虑了目前对物流系统影响最大的而又最难改变的事物即()。

物流与供应链管理 第九章 流通加工

物流与供应链管理 第九章 流通加工
泥装袋 混凝土搅拌车
第二节 流通加工形式
一、水泥的流通加工 二、商品混凝土的流通加工 三、钢板的流通加工 四、木材的流通加工 五、煤炭及其他燃料的流通加工 六、平板玻璃的流通加工 七、生鲜食品的流通加工 八、机械产品及零配件的流通加工
一、水泥的流通加工
• 在需要长途调入水泥的地区,如果需求 数量大且相对稳定,则不需直接调入大量 的成品水泥,而是将块状或颗粒状的半成 品熟料运进,在需求地的流通加工点进行 细磨,并根据客户的使用要求和当地的资 源状况掺入适当的混合材料或添加剂,制 成不同品种及标号的水泥。
ỏ (二)分选加工:瓜果、蔬菜、粮食及棉毛原料
ỏ (三)精制加工:鲜鱼的精制加工、蔬菜的精制加工 ỏ (四)分装加工:大包装改小、散装改小包、运输包 ỏ 装改销售包装
八、机械产品及零配件的流通加工
• (一)组装加工 • (二)石棉橡胶板的开张成型加工
第三节 流通加工的合理化
一、不合理流通加工的几种主要形式
–(1)流通加工有效地完善了流通 –(2)流通加工是物流中的重要利润源 –(3)流通加工在国民经济中也是重要的加工 形式
流通加工的地位及作用
• (1)流通加工有效地完善了流通
– 流通加工在实现时间场所两个重要效用方面,确 实不能与运输和储存相比,因而,不能认为流通加工 是物流的主要功能要素。 – 流通加工的普遍性也不能与运输、储存相比,流 通加工不是所有物流中必然出现的。 – 这绝不是说流通加工不甚重要,实际上它也是不 可轻视的,是起着补充、完善、提高增强作用的功能 要素,它能起到运输、储存等其它功能要素无法起到 的作用。 – 流通加工的地位可以描述为是提高物流水平,促 进流通向现代化发展的不可少的形态。
三、流通加工的类型

物流与供应链管理案例分析及答案

物流与供应链管理案例分析及答案

物流与供应链复习范围除第9章外,题目会涉及各章,其中第1章、第2章、第3章、第4章(重点是4.3节和4.5节,122-126页不考)、第5章、第7章、第11章是重点,要求上述所有知识点牢固掌握,包括图表。

其他章节原则上不出大题,一般只在选择题和判断题出现。

第9章不考一、名词解释(每小题3分,共15分)二、判断题(在括号内打“ ”或打“√”)(每小题1分,共15分)三、单选题(每小题1分,共20分)四、计算题(每题10分,共计20分)要求算出结果后,写明结论。

计算题来自第四章知识,必须掌握我在课堂上讲过的重心法和经济批量模型,计算题先必须列出公式,注明每个字母含义。

只要平时作业会做,计算题就没问题。

五、辨析题(10分)看图回答问题,参见模拟测试题要求熟练掌握第5章出现的装卸工具图片名称和性能,包括我发给你们的图片名称六、案例分析(20分,两题,每题10分)要求:充分运用所学知识,条理清晰,语句通顺。

每个案例答案都在百字以上。

考核两道题,其中一道题目是课堂上讲过的案例,另外一道没有讲过,但是讲过难度相当的案例,答案要求写出要点,只要大致意思对就可以。

名词解释:搬运装卸,物流管理,包装,检尺求积,流通加工合理化,敏捷供应链,采购物流,生产物流,销售物流,配送,逆向物流(广义和狭义),传统物流,现代物流,第三方物流,供应链管理,快速反应,供应链合作关系精选案例案例一.书店的烦恼1999年10月,江西省新华书店、省外文书店和南昌市新华书店3家合并,组建了江西省新华书店联合有限公司。

如今江西省店已经与全省11个中心门店和部分县店建立了跨地区的直营连锁经营关系,与40余家符合条件的书店建立了加盟连锁关系,还有行业外的加盟店3个,初步建立了江西省新华书店系统连锁经营体系。

实施连锁经营后,江西省店的连锁门店的进货权被取消。

由于信息不畅通,总店的业务部门无法了解连锁门店的实际需求与销售动态,对所配发的图书品种是否对路、数量是否恰当都不太了解,只能凭臆想办事,造成销售量下降。

供应链管理第三版Unit9习题与答案(精品文档)_共18页

供应链管理第三版Unit9习题与答案(精品文档)_共18页

供应链管理第三版Unit9习题与答案(精品文档)_共18页Chapter 9Planning Supply and Demand in the Supply Chain:Managing Predictable VariabilityTrue/False1.Predictable variability is change in demand that cannot be forecasted.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy2.Faced with predictable variability of demand, a company’s goal is to respond in amanner that maximizes profitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy3.The advantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand inany period is very low inventory costs, because no inventory needs to be carried from period to period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy4.The disadvantage of carrying enough manufacturing capacity to meet demand inany period is that much of the expensive capacity would go unused during most months when demand was lower.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5.The advantage of building up inventory during the off season to keep productionstable year round lies in the fact that a firm could get by witha smaller, moreexpensive factory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6.The disadvantage of building up inventory during the off season to keepproduction stable year round is the expensive capacity that would go unusedduring most months when demand was lower.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy7.An approach where a firm works with their retail partners in the supply chain tooffer a price promotion during periods of low demand would shift some of thedemand into a slow period, thereby spreading demand more evenly throughoutthe year and reducing the seasonal surge.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8.With supply and demand management decisions being made independently, it iseasier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. A firm can vary supply of product by controlling production capacity andinventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy10. A firm that uses flexible work hours from the workforce to manage capacity tobetter meet demand is using a seasonal workforce.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate11.Scheduling the workforce so that the available capacity better matches demandis using time flexibility from the workforce.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12.The use of a part-time workforce to increase the capacity flexibility by enablingthe firm to have more people at work during peak periods is designing productflexibility into the production processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. A firm that uses a temporary workforce during the peak season to increasecapacity to match demand is using a seasonal workforce.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy14.The use of dual facilities to manage capacity may be hard to sustain if the labormarket is tight.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard15. A firm that purchases peak production capability from other companies so thatinternal production remains level and can be done cheaply is usingsubcontracting.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy16. A firm that builds dedicated facilities to produce a relatively stable output ofproducts over time in a very efficient manner and purchases peak productioncapability from other companies is using subcontracting.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. A firm that has production lines whose production rate can easily be varied tomatch demand has designed product flexibility into the production processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy18.The use of a seasonal workforce requires that the workforce be multi-skilled andeasily adapt to being moved from line to line.Answer: ModerateDifficulty: Hard19.The use of common components across multiple products, with each producthaving predictably variable demand, will result in the demand for the components being relatively constant.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate20.When most of the products a firm produces have thesame peak demandseason, the use of common components to create relatively constant overalldemand in the components is feasible.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate21.When most of the products a firm produces have the same peak demandseason, it is necessary to build products during the off season that have morepredictable demand.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy22.Operations usually makes the promotion and pricing decisions.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy23.Maximizing revenue is typically the objective when marketing and sales make thepromotion and pricing decisions.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24.Pricing decisions based only on revenue considerations often result in anincrease in overall profitability.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate25.The combination of pricing and aggregate planning (both demand and supplymanagement) can be used to maximize supply chainprofitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate26.When performing aggregate planning, the goal of all firms in the supply chainshould be to maximize individual firm profits.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate27.Determining how profits will be allocated to different members of the supply chainis a key to successful collaboration.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate28.In general, as the fraction of increased demand coming from forward buyinggrows, offering the promotion during the peak demand period becomes moreattractive.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate29.Offering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buyingcreates even more variable demand than before the promotion.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy30.Average inventory decreases if a promotion is run during the peak period andincreases if the promotion is run during the off-peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy31.Promoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability if asignificant fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Hard32.As forward buying becomes a smaller fraction of the demand increase from apromotion, it is less profitable to promote during the peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard33.As the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand periodbecomes less profitable.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy34.When faced with seasonal demand, a firm should use a combination of pricing(to manage demand) and production and inventory (to manage supply) toimprove profitability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateMultiple Choice1.Predictable variability isa.change in demand that can be forecasted.b.change in demand that cannot be forecasted.。

物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案

物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案

物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案文章标题:物流管理物流与供应链管理习题与答案物流管理是与供应链密不可分的,两者既有联系又有差异。

本文将从物流管理和供应链管理两个方向出发,为你介绍一些相关习题及答案,希望对你的学习有所帮助。

一、物流管理的习题与答案物流管理着重于管理与控制物流体系的各个环节,包括物流规划、物流运输、仓库管理、物流信息化等。

下面是一些物流管理的习题及答案:1. 仓库管理中,安全库存的作用是什么?答案:安全库存是指为了应对突发的需求变化、供货延期等风险,而保留的一定数量的库存。

它起到了保障生产和销售的正常进行的作用。

2. 为什么物流成本管理需要考虑整个供应链?答案:物流成本主要由运输成本、库存成本和订单成本组成,这些成本都与整个供应链的管理紧密相关。

只有全面考虑整个供应链的物流工作,提高供应链的效率和协同作用,才能实现物流成本的控制和降低。

3. 物流信息系统有哪些功能?答案:物流信息系统主要包括订单管理、仓储管理、运输管理、结算管理等功能。

它们通过信息化手段,实现了物流管理的自动化、规范化和科学化。

二、供应链管理的习题与答案供应链管理是从整体上策划、组织、实施和控制物流活动,以最小化总体成本、最大化客户价值和实现企业战略目标。

下面是一些供应链管理的习题及答案:1. 供应链风险管理的方法有哪些?答案:供应链风险管理主要包括风险评估、风险避免、风险转移、风险承担、风险管理和事故应对等。

一个综合的供应链风险管理计划应该覆盖以上多个层面。

2. 为什么供应链绩效评估需要兼顾成本、质量和时间的因素?答案:任何一个需要绩效评估的工作,都需要兼顾多个因素。

物流供应链绩效同样如此,成本、质量和时间是供应链管理者最应重视和兼顾的几个维度。

只有从多维度进行综合评估,才能真正对供应链绩效水平有一个全面、准确的评价。

3. 供应链整合的好处是什么?答案:供应链整合是指将供应链中的各个环节整合起来,实现信息流、物流和资金流的高效协同。

采购与供应链管理习题库09第九章 习题及参考答案

采购与供应链管理习题库09第九章  习题及参考答案

同步测试一、单项选择题1. 只有在通畅、及时而准确的()指引下,供应链上的其他流才是有效的,才能达到效率最优、成本最低。

BA.物流 B.信息流 C.资金流 D.商流2. 与供应链信息相比,供应链信息流更()CA.实物化 B.准确 C.动态 D.孤立3. 在供应链信息流的控制模式中,()指信息在部门之间或企业之间传递,由部门或企业决定信息传递的方向及内容。

AA. 分散控制B. 集中控制C. 综合协调控制4. 以下哪个自动识别技术最新。

()DA.条码技术 B. RFID技术 C. 5G技术 D.机器视觉识别技术5. 供应链协同有三层含义,其中()的协同,由合作与博弈的关系转变为彼此在供应链中更加明确分工和责任的伙伴关系。

CA.信息层面 B.业务流程层面 C.组织层面 D.功能层面6.在()阶段,数字化采购将完善历史支出知识库,实现供应商信息、价格和成本的完全可预测性。

AA.可预测战略寻源 B.自动化采购执行 C.前瞻性供应商管理 D.战略采购7.供应链协同的外在动因是()BA.提升供应链效率 B. 应对复杂多变的外部环境C. 巩固供应链各方的合作关系D.降低供应链成本8. 供应链信息层面的协同,通过供应链伙伴成员间的(),实现运营数据、市场数据的实时共享和交流,从而实现伙伴间更快、更好地协同响应终端客户需求。

BA.合作结盟 B. 信息系统集成 C.流程重组 D. 相互竞争9. 拉式供应链的主要信息流方向与物流方向()AA.反向 B.同向 C.双向都有10.()是解决供应链上信息系统对接、消除信息孤岛的基础性条件。

A A.标准化 B. 信任环境 C.信息平台 D.信息安全二、多项选择题1. 从供应链环节的角度划分,供应链信息包括()。

ABCDA.供应源信息B. 配送与零售信息C.生产信息D.需求信息E.战略信息2. 以下哪些描述了信息在供应链管理中的作用()BCDEA.供应链信息要求准确及时的传递。

B.有助于正确做出库存管理、运输设计、设施网点选址等驱动供应链的管理决策,使供应链运作更有效果。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

【第九章国际物流】【选择题】1.CFR条款下,买方应:()A.承担货物在装船时越过船舷后的风险B.负责租船订舱,支付到指定目的港的运费C.办理货运保险,支付保险费D.办理出口手续E.办理进口手续【答案】ABE2.交易磋商中不可缺少的环节是:()A.询盘B.发盘C.还盘D.接受E.以上四个环节必不可少【答案】BD3.商品由A国运往B国途中,途经本国,对于本国来说为:()A.进口贸易B.出口贸易C.过境贸易D.转口贸易E.复出口【答案】C3.我国对外贸易商品检验检疫的范围包括:( )A.所有进出口的商品B.船舶C.集装箱D.海运出口危险品的包装E.《进出境动植物检疫法》规定的商品【答案】BCDE5.出境货物最迟于报关或装运前天报检.()A.7B.15C.20D.30E.60【答案】A6.对一般的进出口货物报关时需交验以下哪些单证?()A.进出口货物报关单B.发票C.商品检验证明D.减免税或免检证明E.提货单、装货单或运单【答案】ABCDE7.海上风险包括:( )A.恶劣气候B.流冰C.船舶搁浅D.偷窃E.战争【答案】ABC8.根据我国现行的《海洋货物运输保险条款》的规定,基本险别包括:( )A.平安险B.偷窃、提货不着险C.水渍险D.一切险E.串味险【答案】ACD9.平安险的承保责任范围包括:()A.由于自然灾害和运输工具发生意外事故,造成被保险货物的全部或部分损失B.由于运输工具遭遇搁浅、触礁、沉没、互撞、与流冰或其他物体碰撞造成被保险货物的全部或部分损失C.在装卸转船过程中,被保险货物一件或数件落海所造成的全部损失或部分损失D.货物在运输过程中,因一般外来原因所造成的被保险货物的全部或部分损失E.货物在运输过程中,因特殊外来原因所造成的被保险货物的全部或部分损失【答案】BC10.出口货物的报关报检等工作可由()办理。

A.出口商B.进口商C.国际货运代理D.理货机构E.船方【答案】AC11.以下单证具有物权凭证作用的有:()A.提单B.提货单C.货协运单D.航空货运单E.多式联运单据【答案】A12.根据货物外表状况有无不良批注可将提单分为:()A.记名提单B.指示提单C.不记名提单D.清洁提单E.不清洁提单【答案】DE13.国际海上货物运输有关国际公约有:()A.《海牙规则》B.《海牙/维斯比规则》C.《汉堡规则》D.《华沙公约》E.《海牙议定书》【答案】ABC13.国际集装箱运输中,拼箱货的装拆箱业务是在进行的。

( )答案()A.发货人仓库B.收货人仓库C.发货人工厂或仓库D.集装箱货运站E.集装箱堆场【答案】D15.构成国际多式联运应具有下列哪些条件:()A.至少采用两种不同的运输工具B.有一个多式联运合同C.有一份全程多式联运单据D.有一个多式联运经营人对全程运输负责E.必须是国际的货物运输【答案】BCDE16.以下属于多式联运的是:()A.海海联运B.海陆联运C.陆空联运D.海铁联运E.国际铁路货物联运【答案】BCD【填空题】1.广义的国际物流是指().答:货物及物品在不同国家和地区间的流动和转移2.国际物流具有高风险性的特点,其风险主要包括()。

答:政治风险、经济风险和自然风险3.()是指世界各国(地区)之间的商品以及服务和技术交换活动,如果从一个国家(或地区)的角度来看这种活动,则称为该国的()。

答:国际贸易,对外贸易4.商品由A国运往B国途中,途经本国,对于本国来说为( )。

答:过境贸易5.()指进口的外国商品未经加工又输出到国外,如进口货物的退货,转口贸易等。

答:复出口6.在常用国际贸易术语中,( )、()和()只适用于海运。

答:FOB,CIF,CFR7.()又称贸易谈判,是指买卖双方就交易的各项条件进行谈判,以期达成交易的过程.一般包括四个环节,即()、()、()、(),其中()和()是不可缺少的环节。

答:交易磋商,询盘,发盘,还盘,接受,发盘,接受8.报检是对外贸易关系人向检验检疫机构申请检验。

对于入境货物,应在( )向入境口岸、指定或到达站的( )办理报检手续。

答:入境前或入境时,检验检疫机构9.()是国家设在进出境口岸的监督机关,在国家对外经济贸易活动和国际交往中,代表国家行使监督管理的权利。

答:海关10.《海关海》规定,进出口货物必须经()进境或出境。

答:设有海关的地点11.()是反映船舶载运货物在港口交接时的数量和状态的实际情况的原始记录,具有凭证和证据的性质。

答:理货单证12.货物溢短单是记载进口货物( )。

答:件数溢出或短少的证明13.()是出口货物实际装舱部位的示意图。

答:货物积载图14.保税是指( )。

答:海关保留对货物征税的权利15.()是指经海关批准未办理纳税手续进境,在境内储存、加工、装配后复运出境的货物。

答:保税货物16.()是指经海关批准设立的专门存放()以及其他未办结关手续货物的仓库。

答:保税仓库,保税货物17.()又称保税仓库区,是海关设置或经海关批准注册的,受海关监督的特定地区和仓库。

答:保税区18.海运风险包括()和()两类。

答:海上风险,外来风险19.()是指被保险货物在海洋运输中,因遭受海上风险而造成的损坏或灭失。

就货物损失的性质而言,可分为()和().答:海上损失,共同海损,单独海损20.全部损失是指被保险货物遭受全部损失,按损失情况的不同,可分为()和()。

答:实际全损,推定全损21.根据我国现行的《海洋货物运输保险条款》的规定,在基本险别中包括()、( )和一切险。

答:平安险,水渍险22.()是根据客户的指示,并为客户的利益而揽取货物运输的人,其本身并不是承运人。

答:国际货运代理23.根据船公司对船舶经营方式的不同,可将海洋运输分为( )和().答:班轮运输,租船运输24.根据货物是否已装船,可将提单分为()和().答:已装船提单,收货待运提单25.集装箱运输方式根据货物装箱数量和方式不同可分为( )和( )两种。

答:整箱,拼箱【名词解释】国际物流答:广义的国际物流是指货物(包括原材料、半成品、制成品)及物品(如邮品、展品、捐赠物资等)在不同国家和地区间的流动和转移。

狭义的国际物流指当生产和消费分别在两个或两个以上的国家(或地区)独立进行时,为了克服生产和消费之间的空间隔离和时间距离,对物资(商品)进行物理性移动的一项国际商品贸易或交流活动,从而完成国际商品交易的最终目的,即实现卖方交付单证、货物和收取货款,而买方接受单证、支付货款和收取货物的贸易对流条件。

国际贸易答:国际贸易是指世界各国(地区)之间的商品以及服务和技术交换活动。

转口贸易答:转口贸易,指本国从A国进口商品后,再出口至B国的贸易,本国的贸易就称为转口贸易。

过境贸易答:过境贸易,指商品由A国运往B国途中,途经本国,对于本国来说即为过境贸易。

理货答:理货是指船方或货主根据运输合同在装运港和卸货港收受和交付货物时,委托港口的理货机构代理完成的在港口对货物进行计数、检查货物残损、指导装舱积载、制作有关单证等工作。

保税货物答:保税货物是指经海关批准未办理纳税手续进境,在境内储存、加工、装配后复运出境的货物。

保税仓库答:保税仓库是指经海关批准设立的专门存放保税货物及其他未办结海关手续货物的仓库。

国际货运代理答:国际货运代理协会联合会的定义:国际货运代理是根据客户的指示,并为客户的利益而揽取货物运输的人,其本身并不是承运人。

《中华人民共和国国际货物运输代理业管理规定》的定义:接受进出口货物收货人、发货人的委托,以委托人的名义或者以自己的名义,为委托人办理国际货物运输及相关业务并收取服务费的行业.【简答题】什么是国际物流,有什么特点?答:广义的国际物流是指货物(包括原材料、半成品、制成品)及物品(如邮品、展品、捐赠物资等)在不同国家和地区间的流动和转移。

狭义的国际物流指当生产和消费分别在两个或两个以上的国家(或地区)独立进行时,为了克服生产和消费之间的空间隔离和时间距离,对物资(商品)进行物理性移动的一项国际商品贸易或交流活动,从而完成国际商品交易的最终目的,即实现卖方交付单证、货物和收取货款,而买方接受单证、支付货款和收取货物的贸易对流条件。

国际物流的特点:国际性、复杂性、高风险性、运输方式的多样性。

简述国际物流与国际贸易的关系。

答:国际物流是随着国际贸易的发展而产生和发展起来的,并已成为影响和制约国际贸易进一步发展的重要因素。

国际贸易与国际物流之间存在着非常紧密的关系.(1.国际物流是开展国际贸易的必要条件,国际物流是完成国际贸易必不可少的环节。

(2.国际贸易促进了物流国际化.跨国经营与国际贸易的发展,促进了事物和信息在世界范围内的大量流动和广泛交换,物流国际化成为国际贸易和世界经济发展的必然趋势。

(3.国际贸易不断对国际物流提出新的要求,如:质量要求、效率要求、安全要求、经济要求等.简述出口合同履行的程序(以CIF为例).答:出口合同的履行包括:(1.备货;(2.报验;(3.催证;(3.审证;(5.租船、订舱,投保;(6.制单结汇。

简述进口合同履行的程序(以FOB为例)。

答:(1.开立信用证;(2.派船接运货物与投保;(3.审单和付汇;(3.报关;(5.验收货物;(6.办理拨交手续;(7.进口索赔。

简述理货单证的作用.答:(1.承运人与托运人或提单持有人之间办理货物数字和外表状态交接的证明;(2.承运人、托运人、提单持有人以及港方、保险人之间处理货物索赔案件的凭证;(3.船舶发生海事时,处理海事案件的主要资料,这里主要是指货物积载图的作用;(3.港口安排作业,收货人安排提货的主要依据.这里主要是指货物实际积载图和分舱单的作用;(5.船舶在航行途中,保管照料货物的主要依据;(6.买卖双方履行合同情况的主要凭证;(7.理货机构处理日常业务往来的主要依据。

国际货运代理有何作用?答:国际货运代理的作用主要有:(1.能够安全、迅速、准确、节省、方便地组织进出口货物运输.(2.能够就运费、包装、单证、结关、检查检验、金融、领事要求等提供咨询,并对国外市场的价格、销售情况提供信息和建议。

(3.能够提供优质服务。

为委托人办理国际货物运输中某一个环节的业务或全程各个环节的业务,手续方便简单。

(3.能够把小批量的货物集中成为组货物进行运输,既方便了货主,也方便了承运人。

(5.能够掌握货物全程的运输信息,使用现代化的通信设备随时向委托人报告货物在途的运输情况。

(6.货运代理不仅能组织协调运输,而且影响到新运输方式的创造、新运输路线的开发以及新费率的制定。

特别是在简述海运提单的作用。

答:提单,是指用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接收或者装船,以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证.其作用有:(1.提单是运输合同的证明;(2.提单是承运人拉收货物或货物装船的收据;(3.提单是物权凭证。

相关文档
最新文档