建筑学外文翻译—博物馆建筑的节能

原文：

Energy efficient museum buildings

Helmut F.O. Muellera,b,*

aDepartment of Environmental Architecture, Faculty of Building Sciences, Technische Universität (TU) Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany

bGreen Building R&D, 4greenarchitecture, Duesseldorf, Germany

Article history:

Available online 13 March 2012

Keywords:

Museum buildings Energy efficiency Conservation of exhibits Comfort Thermal conditioning Lighting

Museum buildings perform ambitious demands for sound conditions of exhibits and comfort of visitors.There is a narrow allowance for room temperature and relative humidity, which has to be maintained forvarying situations of weather and occupancy. Lighting has to assure an excellent visual performance butto avoid deterioration of exhibits. Energy consumption can be kept extremely low contrariwise. Severalhigh quality and low energy museum buildings could be realized recently by utilization of energy effi-cient measures and renewable energies. Outstanding pieces of architecture, e.g. Kolumba Art Museum,Cologne (architect P. Zumthor), Emil-Schumacher-Museum, Hagen (architect M. Lindemann), are

presented and integrated advanced technologies like thermal active room surfaces, low air changeventilation, geothermal heating and cooling, and controlled daylighting are explained.

1. Introduction

There is a basic conflict between conservation and exposure of exhibits for museums. On the one hand minimal fluctuations of room temperature (21℃±3℃), relative humidity (55%±5%), and air flow throughout the year as well as low irradiation of light and ultraviolet radiation are required in order to reduce ageing of samples to a minimum. On the other hand visitors and staff demand excellent thermal comfort, air quality, room illumination,and visual perception of objects.

The erection and operation of museum buildings with such high performance standards nowadays has to be energy efficient with a minimum output of green house gases over the life cycle. This means a low embodied energy in the building materials and construction, a low energy demand for heating, cooling, ventilation and lighting as well as a utilization of renewable instead of fossil energies.

Last not least economical conditions have to be fulfilled. While building investments often tend to be increased by measures of energy efficiency, the operation costs for energy and maintenance will be reduced. Overall life cycle costs must clearly account for sustainability.

This ambitious and complex task of high quality as well as ecologically and economically sustainable museum buildings can only be realized by a comprehensive design approach of architects,

engineers and experts utilizing the latest knowledge about passive and