高三英语复习基础知识解读UnitEnvironmentalProtection教师用书北师大版

Unit 22 Environmental Protection(对应学生用书第151页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．trap vt. 使困住2．principle n. 原则，道德准则3．beyond prep. 超出4．relevant adj.有关的5．coincidence n. 巧合6．condemn vt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；宣判7．advocate vt.主张，提倡8．recycle vt.回收利用9．substitute n. 代替品，代用品10．seize vt.依法没收；(用武力)夺取11．means n. 方式，方法；手段12．potential n. 可能性，潜在性13．botanical adj.植物(的)14．corrupt adj.贪污受贿的，腐败的15．conservation n. 保护16．consensus n. 一致的意见17．sacrifice vt.& vi.牺牲，献出18．catastrophe n. 巨大的灾难19．negative adj.消极的，负面的20．fragile adj.脆弱的；易毁的21．valid adj.有充分理由的22．evolution n. (生物)进化Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．adopt vt.采用→adoption n. 收养；采用2．reserve vt.保留；预约n. 保护区→reserved adj.预订的；保留的→reservation n. 保护3．agriculture n. 农业→agricultural adj.农业的4．threat n. 威胁→threaten vt.威胁5．change v．&n. 变化→changeable adj.多变的6．separate v. 分开adj.分开的→separation n. 分离，分开7．construct vt.建造→construction n. 建造8．finance n. 资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的9．allocate vt.分配，配给→allocation n. 分配，配给10．politics n. 政治(活动) →political adj.政治的→politician n. 政治家11．sharp adj.锋利的→sharpen vt.& vi.削尖→sharpener n. 卷笔刀12．consider v. 思考；认为→considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的→consideration n. 考虑；思考→considering prep. 考虑到；鉴于13．calculate vt.计算，算出→calculation n. 计算→calculator n. 计算器Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．We supported each other financially(finance) and by showing up at events.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)2．Agricultural(agriculture) development simply must precede economic development. 3．Some members of the committee expressed reservations(reserve) about the proposal. 4．The incident threatened(threat) to ruin his chances in the election. 5．Market is an effective means in allocation (allocate) of resources.6．My calculation(calculate) is based on notional figures，since the actual figures are not yet available.7．Considering his young age，it is quite considerate of him to consider other people before making decisions.(consider)8．After a long separation，they both lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate)9．A new bridge is being constructed over the river and its construction will be finished next year.(construct)10．It is not safe to let the child sharpen his pencil using the sharpsharpener．(sharp)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．a number of 一些2．beyond one's control 超出……的控制，不受……的控制3．in turn 依次；反过来4．lead to 引起，导致5．ahead of 在……前面6．apart from 除……以外7．answer for (对已产生的不良后果)负责任8．call for an end to sth. 要求结束……9．on one's behalf 代表……10．carry off 掠去，夺走11．all in all 总的来说12．earn one's living 谋生13．as a matter of fact 实际上14．break away from 摆脱，脱离(某种思想体系、团体、组织) 15．look ahead 展望未来，向前看16．take action 采取行动Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．It was his carelessness that led to his failure in the exam.2．Language is the carrier of culture and in turn it's influenced by culture. 3．Nowadays many teenagers want to break away from their parents and live a life free from being controlled.4．If you drive this car without a licence，you'll have to answer for the consequences.5．I thought we'd be late for the concert，but we ended up getting there ahead of time.6．The young man made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn his living after graduation.7．As a matter of fact，I've never been there before.8．Mr Knight cannot be here，so his wife will accept the prize on his behalf．9．Thieves carried off the farmer's sheep during the night.10．His idea is to look ahead and make a good plan.11．A number of students were absent from the meeting for various reasons. 12．It's beyond my control to fall in love with you.[拓展联想][句式结构仿写]3.拟人修辞手法The last few years have seenenvironmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse tocome.3.过去30年见证了中国的快速发展。

The last 30 years have witnessed/seenthe rapid development of China.(对应学生用书第153页)精讲6个考纲单词trap v．使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n．陷阱；圈套；捕捉器[教材原句] Because of the greenhouse effect，the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.因为温室效应，困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升。

(1)trap sb. into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使中计be/get trapped in 被困在……中(2)fall into the trap of doing sth. 落入做某事的圈套set/lay a trap for... 为……设圈套有的钱都投资到一个地方，那样做不明智。

②She was trapped(trap) in the burning house at that moment.那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。

③I was trapped into admitting(admit) I had done something wrong.我被诱骗承认我做错了事。

reserve v．贮存；保留；预订n．[C]储备；贮藏；保护区[教材原句] Breweries are often built in nature reserves.酿酒厂经常建在自然保护区。

(1)reserve sth. for 为……保留某物reserve the right to do sth. 保留做某事的权利(2)in reserve 备用with/without reserve 有/没有保留地(3)reservation n. [C]自然保护区；[C][U]保留；[C]预订(房间、座位等)make reservations/a reservation at/in...在……预订(房间、座位等)(4)reserved adj.预订的，保留的，缄默的①I'd like to reserve a table for three at eight o'clock.我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。