新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式

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【推荐下载】新概念英语第二册语法讲解:非谓语动词之不定式

【推荐下载】新概念英语第二册语法讲解:非谓语动词之不定式
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[键入文字]
A.puttingupB.tobeputupC.topileupD.pileup
3.WeshallsetJim________thepassage.
A.explainingB.explainedC.toexplainD.explain
4.Infact,shewouldratherleaveforSanFrancisco________inLosAngeles.
6.不定式否定形式:nottodo...
Hegotupearlyinordernottomissthetrain.
测试精编
1.Didyoufindout________thepieoutofoven?
A.totakeB.havetakenC.whentotakeD.beingtaken
2.Youwouldbeirritatedifyouwatchedthemail________onyourdeskeveryday.
WecometoschooltostudyEnglish.(目的)
=inorderto
Ihurriedtothestore,onlytofinditclosed.(结果)
(6)定语:不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。
Heaskedforapieceofpapertowriteiton.
=towriteitonthepieceofpaper.
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新概念英语第二册语法讲解:非谓语动词之不定式
1.定义:具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。
2.形式:(以do为例)
主动语态被动语态
一般时todotobedone
进行时tobedoing
完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone

新概念第二册每课的语法重点整理

新概念第二册每课的语法重点整理

新概念第二册每课的语法重点整理第1课- 介词的用法:in, on, at 等表示时间、地点和方式的介词的用法和区别。

第2课- 被动语态: 被动语态的构成和用法,如何将主动句改写为被动句。

第3课- 不定代词:some, any, no, every等不定代词的用法和区别。

第4课- 动词的时态:一般现在时,一般过去时以及一般将来时的构成和用法。

第5课- 非谓语动词:动词不定式、动名词和分词的形式和用法。

第6课- 数量的表达:基数词和序数词,还有一些常见的数量词的用法。

第7课- 情态动词:can, could, may, might等情态动词的用法。

第8课- 连词的使用:and, but, or, so等连接词的用法和区别。

第9课- 名词的所有格:名词所有格的构成和用法,以及经典的名词所有格的错误用法。

第10课- 现在完成时:现在完成时的构成和用法,与一般过去时的区别。

第11课- 介词短语:介词短语作状语的用法和常见表达方式。

第12课- 虚拟语气:if条件句和虚拟语气的构成和用法。

第13课- 比较级和最高级:形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。

第14课- 状语从句:时间、地点、原因、条件等状语从句的引导词和用法。

第15课- 间接引语:直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法。

第16课- 冠词的使用:冠词a, an和the的用法和区别。

第17课- 时态的混合使用:不同时态的混合使用,如何表达不同的时间关系。

第18课- 直接引语:如何准确地引述他人的原文,注意引号和标点的使用。

第19课- 句型的使用:如何正确地使用倒装句、感叹句和祈使句。

第20课- 能愿动词:能愿动词的构成和用法,如何表达能力和意愿。

第21课- 主谓一致:主谓一致的原则和方法。

第22课- 介词的构成:介词形式的构成和用法,以及常见的介词短语。

第23课- 代词的使用:人称代词、物主代词和不定代词的用法和区别。

第24课- 婉转的表达:如何用委婉的方式表达意见、请求和建议。

新概念英语第二册语法—非谓语动词和定语从句课件

新概念英语第二册语法—非谓语动词和定语从句课件
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 10. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 16. While shopping, people sometime can’t help ____ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 17. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 18. A computer does only what thinking people _____. A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done 19. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ____
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. writing

(完整)非谓语动词之不定式用法详解

(完整)非谓语动词之不定式用法详解

(完整)非谓语动词之不定式用法详解定义动词不定式与动名词,分词一样是动词的一种非谓语形式,它与动词原形同行,但它前面一般带有一个不定式的符号“to”,我们为了把它与介词的to 区别开来,也叫它小品词,它只是一个符号,没有词性,但动词不定式有时也不带to 。

形式1. 不定式作名词的用法不定式在句子中的作用有时和名词相同,在句子中可以当主语,表语,宾语. it 作形式主语而将真正的主语(不定式短语)放在谓语之后。

例如:例2可变为It is important to obey the laws.例3可变为It is impossible to finish so much homework in a day. 常见的带形式主语it 的句型有:句型一:*It is easy (difficult , hard, important , right , wrong, possible, impossible, necessary , unnecessary, foolish , wise, kind , cruel , nice…) to do …句型二:It is a pleasure (pity , pleasant thing, crime, an honor… ) to do sth. 句型三:It takes (sb 。

) some time to do sth 。

花了某人一些时间去做某事 在句型一中我们常用for sb.或of sb 。

来做不定式的逻辑主语.但是什么情况下用for 或of ,主要从以下两个方面来区别: 1两者所使用的形容词不同a.for sb 。

的句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词。

如easy, difficult, hard , important, possible, impossible , necessary , unnecessary, interesting 等。

·It is important for us to express our opinions 。

新概念英语第二册非谓语动词课件

新概念英语第二册非谓语动词课件

continue, demand, desire, pretend, intend, hesitate, prepare, happen, fail, expect,
determine, beg, afford, ask, be supposed to do sth., be about to do sth.等。
I want to eat ice-cream. You promised to give it to me.
to do表示目的和将来,“去 做......”
非谓语动词
不定式的句法功能: (二)作宾语 2.谓语动词think, find, feel, make, suppose, believe等后常其用it作形式宾语, 把真正的宾语不定式后置。句型结构为:主+谓+it+宾语补足语(形容词/ 名词)+to do sth.
非谓语动词
(五)不定式的被动语态 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被 动式 “to be+过去分词”或“to have been+过去分词”。 The building to be built there is our lab. (不定式的一般被动式) The temple is said to have been built in the Ming Dynasty. (不定式的完成被 动式)
非谓语动词
不定式省略to: 1.使役动词和感官动词接不定式作宾补时,常接省略to的不定式,但是这 些句子变成被动结构时,就必须带to。 这些使役动词和感官动词有:一感(feel),二听(hear, listen),三让( let, make, have),四看(see, watch, look, notice)。另外,help后充当宾 语补足语的不定式可带to,也可不带to。 I heard him sing a song in the next room.→He was heard to sing a song in the

《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹(含习题):非谓语动词

《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹(含习题):非谓语动词

《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹(含习题):非谓语动词《新概念英语第二册》语法精粹十二、非谓语动词知识要点:一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能(一)概述:在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。

非谓语动词有动词不定式(the Infinitive);动名词(the Gerund);现在分词(the Present Participle);过去分词(the Past Participle)。

1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2)都可以被状语修饰:The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。

例如:He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)4)都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)We being League member, the work was well done.(现在分词的逻辑主语)2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

(完整版)非谓语动词(不定式)的用法

(完整版)非谓语动词(不定式)的用法

(完整版)非谓语动词(不定式)的用法非谓语动词(动词不定式的具体用法)Step1. 动词不定式的3大语法功能(1)不定式可充当主语,宾语,表语,具有名词的功能.(2)不定式可充当后置定语或宾语补足语,具有形容词的功能.(3)不定式可充当状语,具有副词的功能..Step2.不定式的构成,即:“不定式符号to+动词原形”.Step3. 不定式的否定式,否定词一定放在不定式符号之前,即:“not/never+不定式+动词原形.一,不定式作主语的用法.特点:“to+动词原形”所形成的形式具有名词功能.名词可在句中充当主语,宾语或者表语,同理,不定式也有相同的功能.1. 不定式作主语的特点:(1)可以表示一种意愿或未完成的事.(2)谓语动词用单数.E g: To win the championship is my ambition.主语系动词表语译文:赢得冠军是我的雄心.E g: To master a foreign language is necessary.主语系动词表语译文:掌握一门外语是有必要的.E g: To become President of the United States used to be my goal.主语谓语宾语译文:过去我的梦想是成为美国总统2. 不定式作主语时,be动词之后的表语若是名词,一定是表示意愿,目的,企图等名词,用来表示尚未完成的事情.常见的此类名词有:plan(计划), purpose(目的),attempt(企图),goal(目标), aim(目的), ambition(雄心),dream(梦想), ideal(理想), wish(希望/愿望),hope(希望), decision(决定),determination (决定),proposal(提议/建议).E g: To speak perfect English is always my dream主语系动词表语译文:说一口流利的英语一直是我的梦想.3. 由于不定式短语作主语,显得主语过长,为了避免头重脚轻,达到句子平衡,把不定式短语放在句末,在原来主语的位置上“it”代替,形式上占一个主语的位置,称之为形式主语,不定式称为真正的主语.E g: It is necessary to protect the environment.形式主语系动词表语不定式作真正主语译文:保护环境是有必要的.4. 不定式作主语的两种特殊结构(1)句型:It is +adj(形容词)+of sb +to do sth.(2) 句型:It is +adj(形容词)+for sb +to do sth.特点和区别:(1)若形容词表示人的本质特征,特性,就用“of”引出的不定式的逻辑主语.A:表示人的本质特征和特性的形容词有:“good; nice; clever; wise; foolish; silly; stupid; rude; (im)polite , careless; careful; affable.E g: It is very affable of you to help me.译文:你真好帮助我.E g: It is very careless of you to lose your wallet.译文:你真粗心大意把钱包丢了.(2) 若形容词表示的不是逻辑主语的特性,而是描述对逻辑主语所做的事情,就用介词“for”,B:常见的此类形容词有:“easy; hard; difficult; heavy; necessary; impossible; important.E g: It is impossible for me to get to the destination on time inan hour.译文:一个小时之内按时达到目的地对我来说是不可能的.E g: It is very difficult for me to work out the math problem.译文:解决这个数学问题对我来说太难了.(3) 形容词表示人的特性的句子可转化成一个不定式作状语的句子,而后者则不能.E g: It is very kind of you to help me with my English可转化为一个不定式作状语的句子= You are very kind tohelp me with my English.二,不定式作宾语的用法.(1)作及物动词的宾语,该及物动词均为表示意愿,企图的动词,表示具体的或者特定的动作,或者是将来的动作.常见的动词如下:want(要); wish(希望); hope(希望); desire (欲望/渴望); intend意图;try(设法); determine(决定); decide(决定); attempt(企图); endeavor(努力); plan(计划); like(喜欢); love(喜欢); expect(期望/盼望);pretend(假装); afford(承担得起); manage(设法); prepare(准备); long (盼望); arrange(安排); promise(答应/许诺); learn(学会);dare(敢);agree(同意);start/begin(开始); fail(失败); refuse(拒绝); 等.E g: I want to take a trip abroad next year.主语及物动词不定式作宾语时间状语译文:明年我要出国旅游.E g: I intend to visit you tomorrow主语及物动词不定式作宾语时间状语译文:我打算明天去拜访你.E g: He tried to kill two birds with one stone.译文:他设法一箭双雕.E g: I expect to get a raise.译文:我渴望获得加薪.E g: I can’t afford to buy a new car.主语及物动词动词不定式作宾语译文:我买不起新车.(2)若作宾语的不定式太长,如果其后还有形容词或名词担当宾语补足语,常用“it”作形式宾语,把不定式短语作真正的宾语后置.基本句式:“主语+及物动词+it(形式宾语)+名词/形容词(宾语补足语)+to+动词原形(真正宾语)”.常见的此类动词有“find(发现); think(认为); believe(相信); consider(认为); deem(认为); feel(觉得); make(使)E g: I think it useful to learn English well.主语及物动词形式宾语宾补不定式作真正的宾语译文:我认为学好英语是很有用的.E g: I deem it necessary to apologize to others.主语及物动词形式宾语宾补不定式作真正的宾语译文:我认为向别人道歉是有必要的.E g: I deem it an honor for me to give this speech.译文:能在这里进行演讲我认为这是我的荣幸.E g: We found it impossible to finish the project in a month.主语及物动词形式宾语宾补不定式作真正的宾语译文:我发现一个月之内完成这个项目是不可能的.E g: I make it a rule to get up early.说明:Make it a rule to+v 表示“把--------当作常例/习惯于-------------”.译文:我习惯早起.E g: The teacher made it a rule to speak only English in class.主语及物动词形式宾语宾补不定式作真正的宾语地点状语.译文:老师规定在课堂上这能讲英语.E g: I felt it stupid for him to talk like that.译文:我觉得他这样讲话挺愚蠢的.(3)疑问代词:“what ; which; whom +动词不定式(to+do)”共同作及物动词的宾语的用法特点:不定式后面的动词一定为及物动词,疑问单词“what ; which; whom”及物动词或者介词的宾语.E g: I can’t decide which one to buy.主语及物动词共同作宾语译文:我决定不了买哪一个.know what to do next.E g: I don’t译文:我不知道下一步该怎么办.E g: I can’t decide whom to turn to for help.译文:我决定不了向谁求救.E g: I hardly know what to say to you.译文:我简直不知道该对你说什么.(4)疑问代词:“what ; which; whom +动词不定式(to+do)”共同作及物动词直接宾语的用法E g: Would you please tell me which course to take?主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语译文:你能告诉我应该选哪门课程吗?(5)疑问副词:“when; where; how;whether+动词不定式(to+do)”共同作及物动词宾语的用法特点:(1)不定式后面的动词可以为不及物动词.(2)不定式后面的动词也可为及物动词,且后面有宾语.E g: He patiently showed me how to operate the computer.主语状语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语译文:他耐心地教我怎么使用电脑.tell me when to start.E g: He didn’t译文:他并没有告诉我什么时候出发.know whether to go or stay.E g: I don’t译文:我不知道是走还是留.E g: I just wonder where to spend the weekend.译文:我只是想知道该去哪里度过周末.E g: Life is long if you know how to live it.译文:若知如何使用,生命就会长久.三,不定式作表语的用法.特点:(1)主语均为表示:“意愿”或者“企图”的名词.(2)不定式作表语可换作主语.E g: His only wish at present is to sleep.主语时间状语系动词动词不定式作表语译文:他此刻唯一的愿望就是去睡觉.可转化为:T o sleep is his only wish at present.E g: His goal is simply to become an excellent English teacher.主语系动词状语动词不定式作表语译文:他的目标就是当一名优秀的英语教师.E g: His resolution is to become a great scientist.主语系动词动词不定式作表语译文:他的志愿时当一名伟大的科学家.E g: My dream is to become a successful businessman.译文:我的愿望是成为一名成功的商人.E g: The problem is to find a solution.译文:问题是得找出一个解决办法.E g: Shaking one’s fist is to show one’s determination.译文:挥拳头是显示一个人的决心.E g: The purpose of yelling English is to build up your confidence.译文:大喊英语的目的是建立你的自信心.不定式作表语的2种特殊情况(1)动词不定式作主语,也可作be动词之后的表语,主语和表语的动词形式一定要对称.E g: To see is to believe不定式作主语系动词不定式作表语译文:眼见为实E g: To love her this way is to worship her.不定式作主语方式状语系动词不定式作表语译文:这样爱他就等于崇拜她.(2)在下列句型中,be动词之后的to可省略,接动词原形作表语.E g: All you have to do is (to) take a good rest.主语系动词表语译文:你所要做的就是要好好的休息.E g: All I can do is (to) wait主语系动词表语译文:我所能做的就是等待.E g:What you should do is simply (to) apologize to him主语系动词状语表语译文:你应该做的事就是向他道歉.四,不定式作后置定语的用法.相当于形容词的功能.特点:(1)动词不定式作定语时一定要放在所修饰词的后面,作后置定语.(2)动词不定式与所修饰的名词之间有动宾关系.(3)不定式后面的动词为及物动词,若为不及物动词,一定要加上相应的介词.E g: I have a pile of homework to do tonight.主语及物动词宾语不定式作后置定语时间状语.译文:今晚我有一大堆的作业要做.不定式作后置定语的特殊用法(1)不定式作后置定语可以等于关系代词作主语所引导的定语从句.E g: I have no friend to advise me.主语谓语宾语不定式作后置定语等价于:I have no friend who can advise me.译文:我没有朋友可以给我忠告.(2)不定式作后置定语可以等于关系代词作宾语所引导的定语从句.E g: I have no one to talk to主语谓语宾语不定式作后置定语等价于:I have no one whom I can talk to.译文:我没有人可以交谈.E g: There are many sights to see here.等价于:There are many sights which we can see here.译文:这里有很多的风景可看.(3)主动的不定式和被动不定式的区别. A: 如果句子的主语是要做那件事的人,就用主动形式.B: 如果句子的主语是要做的动作(或者是接受动作的人或事),就用被动式.E g: I have two coats to wash.E g: Two coats are to be washed.(4) 在:“there be ”结构中的不定式可用主动式,也可用被动式,且意思一样.E g: There is an important thing to do tonight= There is an important thing to be done tonight.(5)不定式修饰序数词一定要放在其后.A:Li was the first to arrive.B: Really? That’s not like him. He’s always the last one to arrive.A: 李是第一个到的.B: 真的吗?那可不像他的作风,他总是最后一个到.五,不定式作状语的用法.特点:不定式作状语多放在被修饰的动词,副词,和形容词之后.注意其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致.在句中充当状语,表示目的;结果或原因.(1)不定式修饰动词的用法,一定置于该动词之后.E g: We should do whatever we can to save them.主语及物动词宾语从句不定式作目的状语的用法译文:我们应该做些什么才能挽救他们呢.(2) 不定式修饰动词作目的状语的用法.特点:不定式作目的状语,通常置于动词之后,也可置于句首,用逗号与主语隔开.E g: You should work very hard to win the award.主语谓语状语不定式作目的状语等价于:To win the award, you should work very hard译文:为了要赢得这个奖项,你应该努力奋斗.E g: I’ll do everything I can to help you.(目的)译文:我会竭尽全力帮你的.E g: You’re really very kind to say so.(原因)译文:你这么说真是太好了.还有类似不定式短语有:(1)in order to+动词原形..即可放在句首,也可句末.(2)so as to+动词原形.只能放在句末.(3)only to;(4) too-------to 太-------而不能(3)with an eye to +动名词. 只能放在句中. (4)with a view to +动名词. 只能放在句中.E g: He got up early in order to catch the school bus.主语谓语不定式作目的状语译文:他早起的目的就是能搭上校车.(3)不定式修饰形容词,一般置于该形容词之后.特点:一般表示一种结果.E g: He is able to do amazing things.主语系动词表语不定式作结果的用法译文:他能成就伟业.E g: He is apt to lie to me .主语系动词表语不定式作结果的用法.译文:他爱向我撒谎.E g: She was prepared to face the music.译文:她准备好面对后果.疯狂操练:I’m determined to conquer English. 我决心攻克英文I’m determined to master pronunciation. 我决心攻克发音.I’m determined to speak good English. 我决心说好英语.I’m determined to become a grammar king. 我决心成为语法大王I’m determined to command a lot of words. 我决心掌握大量词汇.I’m determined to write beautiful articles. 我决心写出漂亮文章.I’m determined to communicate with the world. 我决心与全世界沟通.(4)不定式修饰副词,一定置于该副词之后. 特点:一般表示一种结果.E g: He is old enough to go swimming alone.主语系动词表语状语(副词)不定式作结果的用法. 译文:他长大了,足以单独一个人去游泳.五,不定式作宾语补足语的用法.(1)具有使役动词意味的及物动词,加上宾语之后,要用不定式短语作宾语补足语.此类动词有:1) cause/get 促使-----------;2) lead引导--------说明:‘加上宾语之后,可接to引导的不定式短语,但此时to视为介词,接动名词作其宾语”;3) allow/permit允许------4)advise劝告---------5)persuade说服----------6)enable使能够----------7)tell告诉-------8)beg/ask请求--------9)order命令---------10)want/wish/expect/intend期望---------11)force 迫使----------------.12)encourage鼓励-------.E g: The sad story caused him to cry.主语及物动词宾语不定式作宾语补足语译文:这个悲惨的故事使他哭了.E g: His timely help enabled me to finish the project in advance.主语及物动词宾语不定式作宾补时间状语译文:他及时的帮助使我能提前完成这个项目.allow me to smoke in the office.E g: They don’t主语及物动词宾语不定式作宾补地点状语译文:他们不允许我在办公室里吸烟.E g: I ask my students to yell English every morning.主语及物动词宾语不定式作宾补时间状语译文:我要求我的学生每天早上都大喊英语.E g: My parents want me to become a great lawyer in thefuture.译文:我的父母希望我将来成为一位很棒的律师.E g: The boss forces his staff to work like a dog for him.译文:老板强迫员工为他拼命干活.E g: My teacher encouraged me to try again.译文:我的老师鼓励我再试一次.(2)使役动词或者是感官动词,动词不定式作宾语补足语“to”要省略.巧记不定式作宾补省略“to”的两大规则A:“注意让‘买客’听听看看这块表有啥感觉不带“土”B: 五看(see; watch; notice; observe; look at); 三让(let;make; have);两听(hear; listen to); 一感觉(feel); 一发现(find); 半个帮(help).1)感官动词,宾语补足语接原型动词,表示已发生的事实..若出现在被动语态中,“to”要还原.E g: I noticed a thief slip into my room just now.主语及物动词宾语省略不定式原型动词作宾补时间状语译文:我刚才注意一个贼溜进我的房间了.E g: I never heard him speak English.译文:我从未听过他说英语.E g: The man was seen to leave the accident.(被动语态中不定式要还原)译文:有人看见他离开事故现场.2)使役动词(make/ let/ have)的具体用法.{1}“make”的常见用法. 若出现被动语态时“to”要还原.※make +宾语+宾补(形容词)E g: The news made me happy.主语及物动词宾语形容词从当宾语补足语.译文:这则消息使我很开心.※make+宾语+宾补(省略“to”的动词原形).疯狂操练 E g: My mother made me walk the dog. My father made me sweep the floor. My grandmother made me wash the dishes. My grandfather made me buy him cigarettes. Everyone in me family made me do something yesterday. I really enjoy helping other people.译文:我妈妈让我去遛狗.我爸爸让我擦地板.我奶奶让我洗碗.我爷爷让我给他买烟.昨天家里的所有人都让我干活了.我真的很乐意帮助他人.E g: These workers are made to work at least 18 hours each day.译文:这些工人被迫每天至少工作18小时.{2}“let”的用法. 很少出现被动语态中.※Let’s +动词原形. 让我们一起-------------------------E g: Let’s have dinner together tonight. 译文:让我们今晚一起吃晚饭.※Let us +动词原形. 让我们一起------------E g: Let us help Tom clean the room. 译文:让我们大家一起帮助汤姆打扫房间.※Let sb++动词原形. 让某人做某事.E g: Let me help you. 译文:让我来帮助你. {3}“have”的用法. 很少出现被动语态中.※have +宾语(人/)+宾补(过去分词充当)表示:请某人做某事※have +宾语(物/)+宾补(过去分词充当)表示:可以用来主语的遭遇或经历,并不是故意让某事发生的.特点:1) 作宾语补足语的动词与宾语之间是被动关系.2)该动作常不属于主语的动作.E g: I had my hair cut yesterday主语使役动词宾语过去分词作宾补时间状语译文:我昨天理的发.E g: Please have the boy taken to the station.译文:请找人把这男孩带到E g: The old man had his leg broken when he fell off the bike.译文:那老人从自行车上摔下来时把腿摔断了.※have+宾语(人/)+宾补(动词原形)表示“让某人做某事”E g: The director had his assistant pick up some hot dogs for the meeting.译文:主管让他的助理为这次会议准备一些热狗.※have+宾语(人/物)+宾补(动名词)表示:“让某人或某事不停地,或者一次又一次地进行某一动作.E g: He had us laughing all through. 译文:整顿饭期间他让我们笑个不停.六,不定式充当独立主格的用法.特点:不定式可以在句中充当独立成分,用来说明说话人的态度,对全句进行解释常见的有:“to be frank; to be honest; to tell the truth; to be blunt”等E g: To tell the truth, I have no money with me today.译文:我今天一分钱也没有带.E g: To be frank, you need to lose weight.译文:坦白说,你真的需要减肥.E g: To be blunt, that’s a stupid idea.译文:老实说,这想法真愚蠢.。

非谓语动词中的动词不定式

非谓语动词中的动词不定式

非谓语动词中的动词不定式非谓语动词中的动词不定式非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的特点,还可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。

以下是我细心整理的非谓语动词中的动词不定式,欢送大家共享。

动词不定式的形式为(to)+do/be done,其中to有时要省略。

通常所说的“动词原形”其实质就是不带to的不定式形式。

不定式具知名词、形容词和副词的性质。

它的否认形式为not+(to)do/be done。

一、不定式的时态性不定式从时态角度讲,具体形式分为一般式、进展式和完成式,是以不定式动作与谓语动词发生的时间的比较确定的。

具体状况如下:1、一般式不定式的一般式所表示的不定式动词与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。

【例句】Tom plans to take part in the postgraduate entrance exams.汤姆打算要考研。

2、进展式不定式的进展式表示与谓语动词动作同时发生。

【例句】Tom pretended to be fully sleeping.汤姆装作睡得很沉。

3、完成式不定式的完成式表示发生于谓语动词动作之前。

【例句】Tom is pleased to have met his friend who has not kept intouch for many years.汤姆很兴奋能遇上他多年未联系的伴侣。

二、不定式的句子成分属性不定式如其他非谓语动词一样可以充当多种句子成分,包括主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语以及状语。

1、作主语【例句】To accomplish the budget in a month is impossible.在一个月内完成预算是不行能的。

2、作表语【例句】My wife’s task is to take charge of loveliness.我老婆的'任务是负责”得意”。

3、作宾语1〕假设谓语动词为find,want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agr ee,promise,prefer时,不定式〔宾语〕后面存在宾语补足语成分,要用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语〔不定式〕后置于句尾,放在宾语补足语后面。

新概念英语第2册动词不定式

新概念英语第2册动词不定式
④ 含有“建议”“劝告”等意义的动词,如:advise, persuade, call on, urge 等。
Eg : He required us to keep it a secret. The doctor ordered him to stay in bed for a few days. I warn you not to do that again.
2 不定式即可作动词的宾语也可作介词的宾语. 不定式作介词的宾语时,介词之后一般不直接接不定式, 一般都是:疑问词+不定式作宾语. 这种不定式结构接近一个名词从句
动词+疑问词+不定式
Eg : I’m worrying about what to do next. Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
4 在某些句型中,当主语部分有动作动词do时,作 表语的不定式可以省略符号 “to”,例如:
All you have to do is (to )press the button. The only thing I can do is (to) give you as much help as I can.
Eg : She has no choice but to wait for the news.
He could do nothing but wait. .
He will do anything for you except lend you money
注3 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作
继续做另一件事 继续做原来在做的事
Eg : I remember seeing you somewhere before.

非谓语动词-动词不定式知识点总结

非谓语动词-动词不定式知识点总结

非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)---动词不定式知识总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。

非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。

动词不定式既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词、形容词和副词的句法功能。

Ⅰ、不定式的构成及变形:动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。

1. 不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。

He appears to be very happy.(同时发生)To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.(to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后)2. 不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

It happened to be raining when I got there.3. 不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

I'm sorry to have lost your key.4. 不定式的完成进行式不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语之前发生并且一直进行着。

He was said to have been living in London for twenty years.不定式的时态意义:He is said to be studying abroad.(不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行)He is said to have studied abroad.(不定式的完成式表示动作已经结束)5. 不定式的被动形式当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。

不定式的被动形式根据其与谓语动作发生的先后关系,有一般式和完成时两种。

非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的形式,但不具备谓语的功能。

它可以作为动词、形容词或副词的补充,用来修饰主语或宾语。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

在英语中,非谓语动词的使用非常灵活,可以丰富句子结构,增强表达的准确性和流畅度。

一、动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。

动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。

1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常放在句首,后面跟动词原形。

例如:To travel around the world is my dream.旅行世界是我的梦想。

2. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。

例如:I want to learn how to play the guitar.我想学习弹吉他。

3. 动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语时,常常放在系动词后面。

例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。

4. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,常常放在名词前面,修饰名词。

例如:The best way to learn English is to practice every day.学习英语的最好方法是每天练习。

5. 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语时,常常放在句子后面,修饰整个句子。

例如:He woke up early to catch the train.他早起赶火车。

二、动名词动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式,它是动词加上-ing构成的名词。

动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。

1. 动名词作主语动名词作主语时,常常放在句首。

例如:Swimming is good for your health.游泳对健康有益。

2. 动名词作宾语动名词作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。

例如:I enjoy reading books in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读书。

非谓语动词不定式

非谓语动词不定式

非谓语动词不定式非谓语动词不定式是英语中的一种语法结构,它具有多种用法和形式,是英语学习中比较基础和重要的一部分。

本文将分步骤阐述非谓语动词不定式的常见用法和相关注意事项。

一、基本形式非谓语动词不定式是由“to”加动词原形构成的,例如:to go, to eat, to sleep等等。

不定式也可以省略to,形成动词原形作为不定式,例如:go, eat, sleep等等。

这种形式被称为“裸不定式”。

二、用法1. 作主语或宾语不定式可以作句子的主语或宾语,例如:To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想)I want to learn English.(我想学英语)2. 作目的状语不定式可以表示谓语动词的目的或原因,放在句子末尾,例如:She went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(她去超市购买一些杂货)I am here to help you.(我在这里帮助你)3. 作定语不定式可以作为修饰名词的定语,放在被修饰的名词后面,例如:The book to read is on the desk.(要读的书在桌子上)The woman to marry is very beautiful.(要结婚的女人很漂亮)4. 作状语不定式可以表示时间、条件、结果等状语,放在句子中合适的位置,例如:He hurried in order to catch the last bus.(他赶快走为了赶上最后一班车)If you want to succeed, you must work hard.(如果你想成功,你必须努力工作)三、注意事项1. 句子主谓一致性当不定式作主语时,不能决定谓语动词的人称和数,“to”后的动词原形保持不变。

例如:To dance is her favorite hobby.(跳舞是她最喜欢的爱好)To study abroad is their dream.(出国留学是他们的梦想)2. 可以与情态动词连用不定式可以加上情态动词,例如:I can swim.(我能游泳)She should study harder.(她应该更加努力学习)3. 可以与被动语态连用不定式也可以与被动语态连用,形成被动不定式。

新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式

新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式

新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式1.定义:具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。

2.形式:(以do为例)主动语态被动语态一般时to do to be done进行时to be doing完成时to have done to have been done完成进行时to have been doing3.用法:(1)用作主语:To speak good English is not easy.or: It is not easy to speak good English.(采用形式主语it 以避免头重脚轻)It took me an hour to do the work.(2)用作宾语:She decided to take the examination.I hope to meet him soon.(3)宾语补足语:They expected us to help them.Hewants his son to study hard.金牌重点:不定式作宾补,如谓语动词是感官动词,使役性动词(see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...),则不定式符号“to”须省略,但在被动语态中不能省。

I heard them sing in the classroom.I made her clean the room.The girl is heard to sing an English song.(4)用作表语:To teach is to learn.His job is to sell cars.(5)用作状语,表示目的,结果:We come to school to study English.(目的)= in order toI hurried to the store, only to find it closed.(结果)(6)定语:不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。

新概念英语第二册语法:非谓语动词表格详解

新概念英语第二册语法:非谓语动词表格详解

非谓语动词表解式 体动词不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 一般式to do doing doing done 一般被动式 to be donebeing done being done 进行式to be doing 完成式to have done having done having done 完成被动式 to have been done having been done having been done ③to be doing 表示“主动进行”, ④to have done 表示“主动完成”, ⑤to have been done 表示“被动完成”。

2. ①doing 表示“主运进行”, ②being done 表示“被动进行”, ③having done 表示“主动完成” ④ having been done 表示“被动完成”。

作用种类 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语不定式√ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词√ √ √ √ 分词√ √ √ √ 2. 动名词具有动词和名词的特征。

3. 分词具有形容词和副词的特征。

动名词现在分词1.作主语 Smoking is bad for your health. Swimming is my favorite sport. 1.作状语 Seeing the snake, she jumped and screamed. Having finished the work, I headed for my home.2. 作宾语 The bike needs repairing.Nothing can prevent us from loving our country. 2.作宾语补足I saw Mary doing her homework. Don't leave the water running when washing. 3. 作表语 My hobby is collecting stamps. 3. 作表语 The film is exciting4. 作定语 We can't drink the running water. The swimming pool will be completed soon. 4. 作定语 The swimming girl was tired but excited. The building being built now will be a museum.5. 各种形式 doing / having done / being done / having been done5. 各种形式 doing / having done / being done / having been done表被动done being done to be done 表时间 过去(完成) 进行(现在) 将来例题:__________ by Class 5 made all of us upset.A. DefeatingB. DefeatedC. Being defeatedD. To be defeated主动 动名词v-ing 不定式to do 现在分词v-ing 过去分词v-ed 一般 doing To do Doing(不及物动词无被动) 同时发生 done 完成 Having done To have done Having done 先发生 进行 To be doing 被动一般Being done To be done Being done正在被。

新概念英语第二册非谓语动词课件

新概念英语第二册非谓语动词课件
3. 在以why/ why not引导的疑问句中不带to. eg: Why worry about it?
eg: Why not do it right now? 4. 在cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but之后不定式不带to.,译成“不得不...” eg: I cannot but admire his courage.
(3) 作定语的不定式所修饰的n.或pron.是不定 式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语 态,也可以用被动语态,但其意义有所不同。
试比较:eg: Have you anything to send?
你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式to send的动作执行者
是you)
Have you anything to be sent?
四、省略不定式符号to的情况:
1. 在“ 五让、三看、两听、一注 意、一发现、一感觉”,即make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see,
watch, listen to, hear, notice, find, feel, observe动词后接不带to的不 定式作宾补。
All you have to do is finish the job quickly.
5. 作定语: (动词不定式作定语,需放在被修 饰的n.之后)
eg: I have quite a lot of homework to do.
注意:
(1) 作定语的不定式如果是vi. ,或者不定式 所修饰的n.或pron.是不定式动作的地点、工 具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。书P6/3 eg:He is looking for a room to live in . (room是不定式动作的地点) eg: Please give me a knife to cut with. 请给我把刀子来切东西。(knife是工具) eg: 没什么可担心的。 There is nothing to worry about.

步步跟新概念2册第42课“动词不定式”讲解

步步跟新概念2册第42课“动词不定式”讲解

步步跟新概念2册第42课“动词不定式”讲解1.动词不定式的种类不定式是非谓语动词的一种,包括do和to do 两种形式。

2.不定式的功能to+动词原形构成的不定式有三种功能:1.不定式当名词用To take a trip around the world has been my dream.2.不定式当形容词用I have something to do.3.不定式当副词用I came to see her.3.不定式的用法不定式作主语不定式作宾语不定式作宾补4.优选试题选择题1. --Some children can't afford ____ necessary stationery.--Let's donate our pocket money to them.A. buyB. buyingC. to buyD. be bought2.He promised ____ his old friend during his stay in Tianjin.A. seeB. seeingC. sawD. to see3. --Why don't you go out to play, Rose?--I'm afraid I can't. I have much homework ______.A. doB. doesC. doingD. to do4.He is not old enough ______ to school.A. goneB. goingC. wentD. to go5.The young lady took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _____ if it fitted her.A. foundB. findingC. to findD. has found6. --I hope to take the computer course.--Good idea. __________ more about it, visit this website.A. Found outB. Find outC. Finding outD. To find out7.Our teacher often advises us _____ the habit of making notes while reading.A. to developB. developC. to developingD. developing8.It's dangerous _____ a close look at the tiger in the zoo.A. for us takingB. of us to takeC. of us takingD. for us to take私信回复2-42-3即可获得习题答案。

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新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之不定式
1.定义:具有名词、形容词及副词性质并具有时态、语态变化。

2.形式:(以do为例)
主动语态被动语态
一般时to do to be done
进行时to be doing
完成时to have done to have been done
完成进行时to have been doing
3.用法:
(1)用作主语:
To speak good English is not easy.
or: It is not easy to speak good English.
(采用形式主语it 以避免头重脚轻)
It took me an hour to do the work.
(2)用作宾语:
She decided to take the examination.
I hope to meet him soon.
(3)宾语补足语:
They expected us to help them.
Hewants his son to study hard.
金牌重点:
不定式作宾补,如谓语动词是感官动词,使役性动词(see, hear, notice, watch, make, have, let...),则不定式符号“to”须省略,但在被动语态中不能省。

I heard them sing in the classroom.
I made her clean the room.
The girl is heard to sing an English song.
(4)用作表语:
To teach is to learn.
His job is to sell cars.
(5)用作状语,表示目的,结果:
We come to school to study English.(目的)
= in order to
I hurried to the store, only to find it closed.(结果)
(6)定语:不定式短语作定语须位于名词之后。

He asked for a piece of paper to write it on.
= to write it on the piece of paper.
The poor man has no house to live in.
= to live in the house.
Have you anything to do?
= to do anything
4.不定式的时态意义:
She seems to dance very well.(现在情况)
She seems to be dancing in the dancing hall.(正在进行)
She seems to have danced well.(过去情况)
Has was happy to have been staying with his uncle.(动作持续一段时间)
5.不定式语态:
The doctor [wrecommend]recommended[/w] him to air the room.
The doctor recommended the room to be aired.
She expects the police to find her bicycle.
She expects her bicycle to be found by the police.
She felt a bit puzzled as he had asked her such a question.
She felt a bit puzzled to have been asked such a question.
6.不定式否定形式:not to do ...
He got up early in order not to miss the train.
测试精编
1. Did you find out ________ the pie out of oven?
A. to take
B. have taken
C. when to take
D. being taken
2. You would be irritated if you watched the mail ________ on your desk every day.
A. putting up
B. to be put up
C. to pile up
D. pile up
3. We shall set Jim ________ the passage.
A. explaining
B. explained
C. to explain
D. explain
4. In fact, she would rather leave for San Francisco ________ in Los Angeles.
A. tostay
B. than stay
C. than staying
D. than have stayed
5. Madame Curies is believed ________ the radium.
A. discovering
B. having discovered
C. to have discovered
D. to discover (后设答案,大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……)
KEYS
1. C
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. C。

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