心内科常用药及常用英文简称.
心内科常用药物中英文对照
心内科常用药物中英文对照第一篇：心内科常用药物中英文对照心内科常规用药扩冠药：一.1、消心痛Isosorbide dinitrate2、硝酸甘油Nitroglycerin3、硝酸戊四醇酯 nitropenthrite二.合心爽/地尔硫卓 diltiazem三.1、倍他乐克 Metoprolol2、比索洛尔 Bisoprolol3、阿替洛尔atenolol4、卡维地洛（达利全）Carvedilol降压药：一.CCB1、心痛定nifedipine2、拜新同Nifedipine controlled release tablet3、尼群地平nitrendipine4、络活喜（安氯地平）Norvasc(amlodipine)5、波依定（非洛地平）Plendil(felodipine)6、尼卡地平nicardipine二.ACEI1、卡托普利captopril2、依拉普利Enalapril3、贝那普利 Benazepril4、培垛普利 Perindopril5、福辛普利 Fosinopril6、赖诺普利 Lisinopril7、西拉普利 Cilizapril三.ARB1、依贝沙坦Irbesartan2、缬沙坦Valsartan3、氯沙坦Losartan4、海捷亚Hyzaar四.a-blocker特拉唑嗪Hytrin； T erazosin酚妥拉明Phentolamine乌拉地尔Urapidil五.硝普钠Sodium nitroprussiate六.硝酸甘油 Glycerin trinitrate;Nitroglycerin七.拉贝洛尔 Labetalol八.吲哒帕胺 Indapamide阿米洛利Amiloride抗血小板、抗凝药：1、阿司匹林Aspirin2、华法林Warfarin3、波立维Clopidogrel4、肝素钠 Heparin5、低分子肝素Low weight heparin6、阿昔单抗Abciximab7、替罗非班 Tirofiban降血脂药：一.他汀类1、来适可（氟伐他汀）Fluvastatin2、舒降之（辛伐他汀）Simvastatin3、普伐他汀(普拉固)Pravastatin4、立普妥（阿托伐他汀）Atorvastatin二.贝特类1、立平之(非诺贝特)Fenofibrate2、吉非贝齐Gemfibrozil第二篇：心内科常用药物总结降压ARB安博维（厄贝沙坦）0.15gqdpo美卡素（替米沙坦）80mgqd代文（缬沙坦）80mgqdpo科素亚（氯沙坦）50mgqdACEI蒙诺（福辛普利）10mgqd雅施达（培哚普利）2mgqd瑞泰（雷米普利）2.5mgqd开博通（卡托普利）12.5mgqd洛汀新（贝那普利）5/10/20mgqd/bidB受体阻断剂康忻（富马酸比索洛尔）2.5mgqdpo 倍他乐克钙通道拮抗剂拜新同（硝苯地平控释片）30mgqd/bid 波依定缓释片（非洛地平）5mgqdpo络活喜（氨氯地平）5mgqd/bid合贝爽（地尔硫卓，控制房颤的心室率）90mgqd 营养心肌维嘉能1g + 50qd泵入/100bid静点左溢汀1.5/3.0g + 20/50bid 雷卡2.0/3.0g + 20/50防治心绞痛万爽力（曲美他嗪）20mgtidpo依娒多30/60mgqdpo欣康异舒吉注射液30mg + 302ml/h泵入硝酸甘油30mg + 542ml/h泵入金百舒（冠心病稳定性心绞痛）1.0tidpo 异乐定（单硝酸异山梨酯）50mgqdpo 强心地高辛0.125mgqd西地兰0.2mg + 20iv新活素注射液奥普力农4.0mg + 20qd5-10分钟缓慢静点心律失常可达龙（胺碘酮）300mg + 250 5%GS25ml/h泵入利多卡因400mg抗凝塞百注射剂200单位qd华法林2.5mgqdpo法安明 po泰嘉（硫酸氢氯吡格雷）近期有活动性出血者（如消化道溃疡或颅内出血）禁用。
最全医嘱缩写
最全医嘱缩写医学术语和医嘱是医疗领域中常见的专业术语，为了方便医生、护士和其他医护人员之间的交流和理解，医学术语通常会使用缩写形式。
本文将介绍一些最全的医嘱缩写，以帮助大家更好地理解和运用这些缩写。
一、常用诊断缩写1. AAA: 腹主动脉瘤（Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm）2. A-fib: 心房纤颤（Atrial Fibrillation）3. COPD: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease）4. MI: 心肌梗死（Myocardial Infarction）5. UTI: 尿路感染（Urinary Tract Infection）二、常见用药指示缩写1. D5W: 5%葡萄糖溶液（5% Dextrose in Water）2. NPO: 禁食禁饮（Nil Per Os）3. PO: 口服（Per Os）4. IV: 静脉注射（Intravenous）5. IM: 肌肉注射（Intramuscular）三、常见手术操作缩写1. CABG: 冠状动脉搭桥术（Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting）2. TURP: 前列腺电切术（Transurethral Resection of the Prostate）3. ORIF: 开放性骨折复位内固定术（Open Reduction Internal Fixation）4. ACL: 前交叉韧带重建术（Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction）5. BKA: 截肢术（Below Knee Amputation）四、常见药物缩写1. NSAID: 非甾体抗炎药（Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug）2. ACEI: 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor）3. ARB: 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂（Angiotensin Receptor Blocker）4. SSRIs: 选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor）5. PPI: 质子泵抑制剂（Proton Pump Inhibitor）五、常用指示缩写1. STAT: 立即（Immediately）2. qd: 每日一次（Once a day）3. BID: 一日两次（Twice a day）4. TID: 一日三次（Three times a day）5. QID: 一日四次（Four times a day）六、常见测量和检查缩写1. BP: 血压（Blood Pressure）2. HR: 心率（Heart Rate）3. FBS: 空腹血糖（Fasting Blood Sugar）4. EKG: 心电图（Electrocardiogram）5. MRI: 磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging）七、其他常见缩写1. ICU: 重症监护室（Intensive Care Unit）2. ER: 急诊室（Emergency Room）3. PT: 物理治疗（Physical Therapy）4. OT: 职业治疗（Occupational Therapy）5. CXR: 胸部X射线（Chest X-ray）通过了解这些医嘱缩写，我们能更好地理解医护人员间的交流，并更好地理解医疗记录和处方等信息。
临床心血管内科常用药物总结
1）欧得曼（terazosin特拉唑嗪）：2mg tidpo α1受体阻滞剂，起效慢，时间长，还可治疗前列 腺肥大增生。 2mg *10片首剂给半片 1mg，服后 平卧，避免体位性低血压。推荐维持量 1-5mg qd；一般认为 20mg以上似乎对血压无进一步影 响，40mg/d未作过研究。 2）高特灵（terazosin特拉唑嗪）：2mg bid po 2mg *10片 3）利喜定（国产乌拉地尔注射液）：25mg/5ml 乌拉地尔禁忌：孕妇及哺乳妇女，主动脉峡部狭 窄，动静脉分流病人。 目录
目录1 目录 2
1）双氢克尿噻（氢氯噻嗪）：用于治疗高血压病时： 12.5mg qdpo；推荐利尿剂使用小剂量，双克每天剂量不超过 25mg。 DHCT用于治疗水肿性疾病：25-50mg qd/qod po ；用于心衰时， 从小剂量开始 25mg qd po。一般用到 100mg/d，已达最大效应。 2）纳催离缓释片（吲达帕胺片）1.5mg/片 作用于远端小管皮质， 同时有扩管作用，逆转左室肥厚，降低微白蛋白尿。不用于磺胺 过敏者。 3）呋塞米（furosemide）：主要用于心衰治疗，从小剂量开始 20mg qdpo 20mg/片 针剂： 20mg/支 利尿效果呈剂量依赖性，排钾。 4）螺内酯（spironolactone）：主要用于心衰治疗，从小剂量开 始 20mg qdpo 20mg/片 常与呋塞米联合应用，还有抗醛固酮作 用，保钾、低效。有导致男子乳房女性化的副作用， <100mg/d 较少见。 如出现利尿剂抵抗（常伴心衰恶化）时，可用：（1）静脉给予 利尿剂（如速尿）；（2）2种或 2种以上利尿剂联用；（3）应 用增加肾血流的药物，如短期应用小剂量的多巴胺。 目录
心内科常用药及常用英文简称
1、降压药（1）ACEI：（洛丁新）贝拉普利 10mg*15片（雅施达）培哚普利片 4mg*10s（依苏）马来酸依那普利片 10mg*16卡托普利片 25mg*100（久保克）依那普利氢氯噻嗪片 6.25mg*8（社保不报）（2）ARB（苏适）厄贝沙坦片 0.15*7氯沙坦钾（科索亚）片 50mg*7替米沙坦片（美卡素） 80mg*7片（代文）结沙坦胶囊 80mg*7颉沙坦（托平）胶囊 80mg*7（3）CCB（拜新同）硝苯地平控释片 30mg*7s（波依定）非洛地平缓释片 5mg*10s（络活喜）苯磺酸氨氯地平 5mg*7尼莫地平薄膜包衣片 30mg*20尼莫地平 20mg*50片苯磺酸氨氯地平（压氏达）片 5mg*14硝苯地平缓释片 10mg*30s硝苯地平片 10mg*100（4）β受体阻滞剂（倍他乐克）美托洛尔 50mg*20片（倍他乐克）美托洛尔 25mg*20片盐酸普萘洛尔片 10mg*100 （康忻）富马酸比索洛尔片 5mg*10 （5）利尿剂吲哒帕胺片 2.5mg*30 螺内酯片（氨体舒通） 20mg*100 氢氯噻嗪片 25mg*100 （6）a受体阻滞剂盐酸哌唑嗪片 1mg*100片盐酸乌拉地尔（亚定宁）注射液 25mg/支特拉唑嗪（高特灵）片 2mg*28 2、调脂药（1）他汀类阿乐（阿托伐他汀钙）片 10mg*7 阿托伐他汀钙（立普妥）片 10mg*7 阿托伐他汀钙（立普妥）片 20mg*7 辛伐他汀（舒降之）片 20mg*7 （2）贝特类（冠之柠）非诺贝特咀嚼片 0.2*10 （耐复伦）非诺贝特胶囊（∏） 0.2*10 3、抗血小板（波立维）硫酸氯吡格雷片 75mg*7片(泰嘉)氢氯吡格雷片 25mg*20 阿司匹林肠溶片（拜阿司匹灵） 0.1g*30片肠溶阿司匹林片 25mg*100双嘧达莫（潘生丁）片 25mg*100奥扎格雷钠（罗奥）注射剂 20mg4、抗凝华法林钠片 2.5mg*60（法安明）低分子肝素钠注射液 5000iu5、溶栓尿激酶 10万单位/支，150万单位/次溶栓6、抗心律失常普罗帕酮片 50mg*50普罗帕酮注射液 35mg盐酸维拉帕米片 40mg*30盐酸异丙肾上腺素注射液 1mg/支地尔硫卓（合贝爽）注射液 10mg/10ml地尔硫唑片（恬尔心） 30mg*40乙胺碘呋酮 150mg/支7、活血化瘀银杏达莫注射液 5ml/支银杏叶注射液 10ml/支疏血通注射液 2ml/支血栓通注射液 150mg/支8、心肌能量药盐酸曲美他嗪片 20mg*309、抗心绞痛药（德瑞宁）单硝酸异山梨酯缓释胶40mg*20（索尼特）单硝酸异山梨酯缓释胶60mg*10硝酸甘油片 0.5mg*100 硝酸甘油注射液 5mg/支（异舒吉）硝酸异山梨酯注射液 10mg*10ml 10、保护血管内皮，降低肺动脉压阿魏酸哌嗪片 50mg*180 11、抗休克、升压药去甲肾上腺素 2mg/支间羟胺 10mg/支肾上腺素 1mg/支异丙肾上腺素 1mg/支多巴胺 20mg/支多巴酚丁胺 20mg/支阿托品 1mg/支酚妥拉明 10mg/支12、活血化瘀、改善循环(舒血宁）银杏叶注射液 5mL/支血栓通注射液 150mg/支复方丹参注射液 250mL/瓶疏血通注射液 2mL/支银杏达莫注射液 5mL/支银杏达莫注射液 10mL/支红花注射液 10mL/支丹红注射液 10mL/支香丹注射液 10mL/支13、补气、益气参脉注射液 20mL/支生脉注射液 10mL/支14、营养心肌中成药芪参胶囊 0.5*30通心络胶囊 0.26*100参松养心胶囊 0.4*24麝香保心丸 22.5mg*42心元胶囊 0.3*20心内科实习---2.常用英文简称来源：唐玉霞的日志1.PCI（percutaneous coronary intervention）经皮冠状动脉介入治疗PTCA(Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)经皮冠状动脉腔内血管成形术CABG(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patch Trial)冠状动脉旁路移植术（也称作冠脉搭桥术）常常会遇到病人会问你，“医生，支架、搭桥和药物治疗哪个好？？？”稍许有些复杂的问题。
心血管内科常用英文
心血管内科常用英文Symptoms 症状chest distress胸闷dyspnoea呼吸困难：paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopneabreathlessness 气促a poor effort tolerancecough咳嗽palpitation 心悸precordial chest pain心前区胸痛retrosternally chest pain 胸骨后胸痛precipitation by exertion, promptly relief by rest or sublingual nitratea sense of oppression or tightness in the chest - like a band around the chestpatients may close a hand around the throat ,put a hand or clenched fist on the sternum may radiate to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in the arms(referred pain) occasionally epigastric or interscapular 上腹部的/肩胛间的sense of impending death 濒死感autonomic disturbance including sweating, nausea, vomitingSigns 体征Vital signs 生命体征blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure脉压):hypertension/hypotensionpulse rate 脉律: regular/irregulardropped beat脉搏短绌respitatory rate : tachypnea呼吸急促/ respiration ceases呼吸停止temperature: fever /clammy peripheries 四肢湿冷cyanosis 发绀loss of consciousness，unconsciousness意识丧失tic of limbs四肢抽搐gatism，urinary and fecal incontinence大小便失禁cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or displaced laterally) 心尖palpable liftthrill 震颤cardiac dilatation心脏扩大large right atrium 右房大dilated left ventricle 左室大beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate) 心率: tachycardia/bradycardia, regular/irregular rhythm heart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4gallop奔马律, systolic click收缩期卡嗒音, opening snap(二尖瓣)开瓣音,pericardial knock 心包叩击音heart murmur 心脏杂音systolic/diastolic/continousgrade 1-5crescendo/decrescendo 递增/递减radiationlocationpitch音调quality 性质pericardial friction rub，pericardial rub心包摩擦音inspiratory crepitations over the lung bases, basal crackles 肺底湿啰音wheezing rale 哮鸣音cardiomegaly 心脏肥大elevated venous pressuredistention of jugular vein，jugular filling，jugular varicosity颈静脉怒张/充盈hepatojugular reflux sign肝颈静脉回流征ascites 腹水edema of lower extremity下肢水肿Hypertensive disease高血压病sphygmomanometer；blood pressure gauge，BPG血压计stethoscope听诊器hypertensionprimary hypertensionsecondary hypertensionchronic kidney disease, CKDdrugs: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug，NSAID非甾体类抗炎药glucocorticosteroids糖皮质激素mineral corticoid ，MCH盐皮质激素oral contraceptives口服避孕药adrenomimetic拟肾上腺素药monoamine oxidase inhibitor单胺氧化酶抑制剂tricyclic antidepressant;TCA三环类抗抑郁药immunodepressant免疫抑制剂（如ciclosporin环孢素）erythropoietin，EPO 促红细胞生成素hyperthyrea, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyrosis甲状腺功能亢进primary hyperaldosteronism原发性醛固酮增多症adrenal cortical hyperplasia肾上腺皮质增生症chromaffin-cell tumor，chromaffinom，medullosuprarenoma，phaeochromocytoma，PCC嗜铬细胞瘤sleep apnea syndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征diabetes mellitus糖尿病coarctation of aorta，COA主动脉缩窄white coat hypertensionisolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压hypertensive emergencies 高血压急症hypertensive urgencies 高血压亚急症hypertensive crisis 高血压危象hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压性脑病The coronary circulationleft anterior descending artery,LADleft circumflex coronary artery, LCXright coronary artery, RCACoronary artery disease;coronary heart disease，CAD,CHD冠心病atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atheromatous plaques 动脉粥样斑块plaque rupture 斑块破裂angina pectoris 心绞痛stable angina pectoris 稳定性心绞痛variant angina pectoris 变异性心绞痛silent myocardial ischemia 无症状心肌缺血（latent coronary heart disease 隐匿性冠心病）myocardial bridging 心肌桥post-infarction angina pectoris 梗死后心绞痛acute coronary syndrome，ACS 急性冠脉综合征unstable angina pectoris ,UAP 不稳定心绞痛rest 静息型, new/initial初发型，accelerated 恶化型acute myocardial infarction ,AMI 急性心肌梗死non-ST segment elevation MI, NSTEMIST segment elevation MI，STEMIsudden cardiac death, SCD 心脏性猝死dysfunction/rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能不全/断裂rupture of chordae tendineae腱索断裂rupture of the heart ,cardiac rupture心脏破裂embolism 栓塞（systemic体循环的）cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Four chambers: left/right atrium/ventricle 心房/心室（atrial 心房的,ventricular 心室的）atrial septum房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔Cardiac insufficiency心功能不全，heart failure 心衰compensated/overt heart failure 代偿性/显性心衰congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭acute/chronic left-sided heart failure 急/慢性左心衰竭intractable heart failure难治性心衰systolic/diastolic insufficiency heart failure收缩/舒张功能不全的心衰The electrical conduction systemsinoatrial nodeHis bundleright and left bundlesleft anterior and posterior hemibundlesPurkinje networkArrhythmia 心律失常triggered activity 触发活动re-entry 折返afterdepolarization 后除极sinus bradycardia/ tachycardia窦性心动过缓/心动过速sinus pause (sinus arrest)窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block (Wenckebach 文氏，Mobitz莫氏)sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病态窦房结综合征：bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩atrial tachycardia(automatic, reentrant,chaotic) (自律性，折返性，紊乱性)房性心动过速atrial flutter, AFLatrial fibrillation ,AFpremature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界性期前收缩AV junctional escape beats 逸搏paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,PSVT阵发性室上性心动过速atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, AVNRTatrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, AVRTpreexcitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome)premature ventricular beatventricular tachycardia，VT (multiforme多形性，multifocal 多源性)accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性室性自主节律torsades de pointes ,TDP尖端扭转ventricular flutterventricular fibrillationatrioventricular block, AVBAdame-Strokes syndrome 阿-斯综合征intraventricular blockleft bundle branch block, LBBBleft anterior fascicular block, LAFBleft posterior fascicular block, LPFBright bundle branch block, RBBBbifascicular block 双分支传导阻滞trifascicular block 三分支传导阻滞Valvular disease of the heart，VDH, valvular heart disease心脏瓣膜病mitral/tricuspid/aortic/pulmonary valve disease 二尖瓣/三尖瓣/主动脉瓣/肺动脉瓣疾病acute/chronic mitral stenosis/incompetence/ insufficiency 狭窄/关闭不全rheumatic fever 风湿热rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Infective endocarditis ,IE 感染性心内膜炎acute/ subacute, native/prothetic/right heart IE 自体瓣膜/人工瓣膜clinical/fever thermometer体温计Cardiomyopathy 心肌病dilated cardiomyopathy, DCMhypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM (asymmetric septal 非对称性室间隔肥厚) restrictive cardiomyopathy, RCMarrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ,ARVC 致心律失常性右室心肌病speciflc cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病diabetic cardiomyopathy 糖尿病性心肌病alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病cardiac amyloidosis 心脏淀粉样变性drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病Keshan disease 克山病，endemic cardiomyopathy 地方性心肌病unclassified cardiomyopathy 未分类心肌病pericardium心包cardiopericarditis，cardipericarditis，pericarditis心包炎hydropericardium，pericardial effusion，pericardial fluid心包积液constrictive pericarditis缩窄性心包炎Congenital heart/cardiovascular disease先天性心脏病/心血管病，CHDatrial septal defect ASDventricular septal defect,VSDpatent ductus ateriosus, PDAtetralogy of fallot, TOFEisenmenger’s syndromecoarctation of the aortapulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄primary pulmonary hypertensiondextrocardia右位心complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位Disease of blood vessel，vascular disease，angiopathy血管疾病aortic dissection主动脉夹层primary arteritis or the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎peripheral arteriosclerosis obliterans 闭塞性周围动脉硬化thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger disease) 闭塞性血栓性脉管炎（Buerger病）thrombophlebitis血栓性静脉炎superficial thrombophlebitis 血栓性浅静脉炎deep venous thrombosis 深静脉血栓形成superior vena cava obstruction syndrome 上腔静脉阻塞综合征Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停cardiogenic shock 心源性休克syncope 晕厥vasovagal syncope, VVS 血管迷走性晕厥postural hypotension体位性低血压Cardiogenic syncope心源性晕厥transient ischemic attack, TIA 短暂性缺血发作syndrome X X综合征cardiac neurosis 心脏神经官能症Tests 常用检查electrolyte disturbance: hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia, hypomagnesaemia, hyperkalaemia aterial blood gas analysis: acidosis /alkalosis碱中毒（metabolic代谢性，respiratory呼吸性）hyperlipoidemia高脂血症：hypertriglyceridemia高甘油三酯血症triglyceride 甘油三酯hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症cholesterol胆固醇plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrationlipoprotein（a）, LP脂蛋白Apo, apopoprotein 载脂蛋白enzymogram/zymogram of the cardiac muscle 心肌酶谱CK-MB , MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase 心肌型肌酸激酶同功酶AST, aspartate aminotransferase天冬氨酸转氨酶LDH, lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶myohemoglobin 肌红蛋白troponin T and I 肌钙蛋白brain natriuretic peptide,BNP 脑钠肽blood culturechest radiograph：cardiothoracic ration < 0.5electrocardiography, ECG 心电图standard 12-lead ECG (limb leads, chest leads)exercise/stress ECG 负荷心电图Holter ECG monitoring, ambulatory ECG 动态心电图T wave flattening or inversionreversible ST segment depression/elevation (planar, downsloping,upsloping)wide QRS complexpathologic Q wavelate ventricular potential, LVP 心室晚电位T wave electrical alternations T波电交替upright tilt-table testing, head-up tilt testing 直立倾斜试验cardiac electrophysiologic study心电生理检查：programmed electrical stimulationsinus node recovery time, SNRT 窦房结恢复时间sinoatrial conduction time ,SACT 窦房结传导时间echocardiography 超声心动图two-dimensional echocardiographyDoppler echocardiographycolor Doppler flow imagingDoppler tissue imaging 多普勒组织成像技术transesophageal echocardiography经食管超声心动图intravascular ultrasound血管内超声stress echocardiography 负荷心超图ejection fraction (0.50-0.75)ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测coronary angiography 冠脉造影cardiac catheterization 心导管术cardiac radionuclide (blood pool) scanningManagement 处理avoid a high dietary salt intakeavoid severe exertion and vigorous exerciseavoid a heavy meal or very cold wateravoid agitation情绪激动stop smoking ，alcohol withdrawalkeep bowels open通便: lactulose乳果糖，Bisacody便塞停，senna leaves;sennae,folium番泻叶analgesia镇痛：morphine吗啡，meperidine，pethidine哌替啶take sublingual nitrate before undertaking exertion thar may induce anginainterventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 介入治疗radiofrequency catheter ablation ,RFCA经导管射频消融coronary revascularization therapy冠脉血运重建术；reperfusion therapy 再灌注治疗percutaneous coronary intervention ,PCI 经皮冠脉介入治疗percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA 经皮腔内冠脉成形术percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮冠脉内支架植入术thrombolysis溶栓：urokinase, UK尿激酶rt-PA重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂coronary artery bypass graft ,CABG 冠脉旁路手术great saphenous vein 大隐静脉internal mammary artery 内乳动脉percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty ,PBMV 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术artifical cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏：persistent/temporary,biatrial/biventricular antitachycardia pacing 抗心动过速起搏ATPcardioversion 心脏电复律defibrillation 电除颤thumpversion 捶击复律implantable cardioverter defibrillator, ICD 置入型心律转复除颤器cardiac resynchronization therapy, CRT 心脏再同步化治疗heart transplantationcombined heart and lung transplantation心肺联合移植percutaneous pericardiocentesis 心包穿刺术常用药物vasodilator血管扩张剂（phlebectasis静脉扩张，arteriectasis动脉扩张）nitrate-based vasodilating agents 硝酸酯类血管扩张剂nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛diureticsthiazide diuretic：hydrochlorothiazide 双氢克尿塞（氢氯噻嗪）loop diuretic：furosemide呋塞米，速尿, bumetanide布美他尼torasemide托拉塞米，特苏尼potassium-sparing diuretic: antisterone, Spironolactone螺内酯，安体舒通inotropic agent 正性肌力药digitalis preparation洋地黄类：digoxin地高辛，cedilanid，lanatoside C西地兰adrenergic receptor stimulant: dopamine多巴胺，dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺adrenaline肾上腺素isopropylnoradrenalin异丙肾上腺素phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂：Milrinone 米力农renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, RAAS肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ,ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin-II antagonist/receptor blockeraldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂beta adrenergic receptor blocker(beta blockers)calcium channel blocker, CCBantiarrhythmic druglidocaine 利多卡因propafenone 普罗帕酮，心律平amiodarone 胺碘酮，可达龙propranolol 普萘洛尔，心得安verapamil 维拉帕米，异搏定HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors：simvastatin 辛伐他汀，舒降之atorvastatin 阿托伐他汀，立普妥fluvastatin 氟伐地汀,来适可antiplatelet drugs：aspirin 阿司匹林clopidogrel氯吡格雷,波利维tirofiban 替罗非班，欣维宁anticoagulation drugssubcutaneous low molecular weight heparin。
心血管常用药物
单硝酸异山梨酯（丹佐）：
20mg,po,bid-tid
强心苷类
临床应用:充血性心衰；快速性房颤、房扑的心室率。
常用药物： 地高辛 0.125-0.25mg po qd
毛花苷丙（西地兰） 0.2mg+NS20ml
iv(慢)
0.4mg+5%GS50ml iv(慢)
调血脂药
他汀类：
瑞舒伐他汀钙片（可定、舒夫坦）10mg po qn 阿托伐他汀钙片（立普妥） 阿托伐他汀钙胶囊（尤佳） 辛伐他汀（舒降之） 普伐他汀（普拉固） 氟伐他汀（来适可） 20mg po qn 20mg po qn 10mg po qn 10mg po qn 20mg po qn
临床应用:高血压、冠心病、心率失常、肥厚性心肌病 常用药物： 硝苯地平片（心痛定） 拉西地平（乐息平） 乐卡地平（再宁平） 地尔硫卓（合贝爽） 维拉帕米（异搏定） 10mg 4mg 10mg 90mg 40-80mg po tid po qd po qd po qd po qd po qd po tid 硝苯地平缓释片（拜新同） 30mg 氨氯地平（施慧达、络活喜）5mg
心血管内科常见用药
血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（ACEI）
临床应用：
常用药物：
高血压 充血性心衰 冠心病 慢性肾脏病
卡托普利（开搏通） 25mg po tid 培垛普利（雅施达） 4mg 贝那普利（洛汀新） 5mg 咪达普利（达爽） 5mg po qd po qd po qd
基因芯片（CEA、AFP、CA125、CA153、CA199、CA724等）；
心电图、心脏正侧位、心脏彩超等。
贝特类：
非诺贝特（力平之） 200mg po qn
心内科常用药
心内科常用药心内常用药降压药ACEI 达爽5mg qd 蒙诺10 mg qd 雅施达4mg qd诺丁新10 mg qd 开博通或卡托普利ARB 海捷亚mg qd 科素亚50 mg qd 代文80 mg qd美卡素40 mg qdB-受体阻滞剂倍他乐克12.5 mg开始博苏或比索洛尔或康可2.5mg qd钙离子捷抗剂拜新同30 mg qd合心爽30mg tid尼莫地平30mg tid合贝爽30mg tid伲福达20mg bid络活喜10 mg qd波依定5 mg qdA受体拮抗剂压宁定50 mg + NS 50ml酚妥拉明5mg +NS 500ml ivdrip利尿剂纳催离1.5mg qd DUCT 12.5mg qd /bid 螺内酯20 mg tid 武都力20%甘露醇125ml ivdrip QD嗜铬细胞瘤特拉唑嗪1mg qd 硝普钠50mg +G500 酚妥拉明20mg+NS500ml降脂药他丁类美百乐镇10-20 mg qn 舒降之20 mg qn 来适可20-40 mg qn 立普妥20 mg qn 脂必妥1.05 tid贝特类立平脂200 mg qn抗凝药阿司匹林0.1 波利维75mg qn 克赛6000单位IH q12h 室性心动过速利多卡因500mg iv 或50mg + 50ml NS 泵入房性室性交界性心动过速可达隆45室性心动过速异搏定注射液5mg+20ml NS iv硝酸酯爱倍5mg+250ml NS ivdrip 冠心病，心衰硝酸甘油0.2 舌下含服欣康20mg bid po 或20mg + 40 ml NS泵入硝酸甘油10mg + 50 ml NS泵入强心西地兰0.2 + 20ml NS iv 地高辛0.125mg qd 中药参麦ivdrip qd 200ml 参附ivdrip qd 100ml 舒血宁22ml +250ml NS iv drop心达康10mg tid 维奥欣葛根素0.5+ 500ml NS iv drop地奥心血康胶囊0.1 tid 舒血宁22ml + 250ml NS iv drop能气朗10mg tid黄芪20ml + G250ml抗生素法罗西3.5+250ml NS iv drop 锋洛欣3.0+250ml NS iv drop 海灵6.0+250ml NS iv drop稳可信 1.5+250ml NS iv drop 利君派舒 4.0+250ml NS iv drop 克赛舒1.25+100ml NS iv drop感心内膜炎penicillinNA 800万U+ 5%G ivdrop tid 合用法洛西3.5+ G250立思丁0.8+250ml NS iv drop 他格式0.4+250ml NS iv drop 来立信/左克0.4 iv drop 安赛码0.2+ NS250营养心脑细胞果糖福迪10mg ivdip 刺五加250ml iv drop 参芪扶正液250mlivdrip qd奥德金50ml+250ml NS iv drop 司特立300mg+250ml NS iv drop20%白蛋白50ml iv drop qd 万爽力20mg tid vitBco 2片tid 肌苷片0.2 tid强力升白片2片tid氨茶碱0.25+G125ml iv drop 氨茶碱0.1 bid po 异丙肾1mg+500ml NS iv drop 或异丙肾1mg +50 ml NS泵入心衰时用心梗激化液10%G500ml+kcl10ml+insulin7u+ATP40mg +肌苷0.5+vitc1.0抗抑郁黛力新2片bid 搏乐欣1片qd 喜普妙1片qd镇痛6542 10mg im 曲吗多100mg im 吗啡5-10 im纠正高K 5%NAHCO3 250ml iv 10%葡萄糖酸钙10ml iv25%G500+ Insuilin16-20ml iv纠酸5%NAHCO3100-250ml iv drip 护肾爱西特2片tid急性腹泻补充电解质5%G in NS500+10% KCL10ml补血叶酸片2片QD 生血宁2 片TID 益比奥10000单位IH TIW （1.3.5）开同4片tid 别嘌呤醇0.1TID补钙钙尔奇D 600mg po qd a-D3 0.25mg qd抗痨异烟肼0.3 QD+利福平0.45QD+比秦先胺1.5护肝肝泰乐0.1 TID 肌苷片0.2 TID。
医药名称英汉对照-心血管系统药物(英语学习资料)
医药名称英汉对照:心血管系统药物(英语学习资料)Cardiovascular drugs 心血管系统药物Diltiazem 地尔硫卓 Isosorbide Dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯Isosorbide Mononitrate 单硝酸异山梨酯 Nifedipine 硝苯地平Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油 Amiodarone 胺碘酮Aprindine 安搏律定 Atenolol 阿替洛尔Dihydroquinidine 双氢奎尼丁 Disopyramide 丙吡胺Metoprolol 美托洛尔 Mexiletine 美西律Procainamide 普鲁卡因胺 Propafenone 普罗帕酮Propranolol 普萘洛尔 Quinidine 奎尼丁Verapamil 维拉帕米 Captopril 卡托普利Clonidine 可乐定 Diazoxide 二氮嗪Dihydralazine 双肼屈嗪 Methyldopa 甲基多巴Enalapril 依那普利 Nitrendipine 尼群地平Prazosin 哌唑嗪 Reserpine 利血平Sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠 Amrinone 氨力农Deslanoside 去乙酰毛花苷 Digoxin 洋地黄毒苷Digoxin 地高辛 Metildigoxin 甲地高辛Strophanthin K 毒毛花苷K Dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺Dopamine 多巴胺 Ephedrine 麻黄素Epinephrine 肾上腺素 Isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素Metaraminol 间羟胺 Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素Phenoxybenzamine 酚苄明 Phentolamine 酚妥拉明Phenylephrine 苯福林 Acepimox 阿西莫司Fenofibrate 非诺贝特 Gemfibrozil 吉非贝齐Lovastatin 洛伐他丁 Nicotinic acid 烟酸Simvastatin 辛伐他丁。
心血管内科常用英文
心血管内科常用英文Symptoms 症状chest distress胸闷dyspnoea呼吸困难：paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea breathlessness 气促a poor effort tolerancecough咳嗽palpitation 心悸precordial chest pain心前区胸痛retrosternally chest pain 胸骨后胸痛precipitation by exertion, promptly relief by rest or sublingual nitratea sense of oppression or tightness in the chest - like a band around the chest patients may close a hand around the throat ,put a hand or clenched fist on the sternummay radiate to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in the arms(referred pain)occasionally epigastric or interscapular 上腹部的/肩胛间的sense of impending death 濒死感autonomic disturbance including sweating, nausea, vomitingSigns 体征Vital signs 生命体征blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure脉压):hypertension/hypotensionpulse rate 脉律: regular/irregulardropped beat脉搏短绌respitatory rate : tachypnea呼吸急促/ respiration ceases呼吸停止temperature: fever /clammy peripheries 四肢湿冷cyanosis 发绀loss of consciousness，unconsciousness意识丧失tic of limbs四肢抽搐gatism，urinary and fecal incontinence大小便失禁cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or displaced laterally) 心尖palpable liftthrill 震颤cardiac dilatation心脏扩大large right atrium 右房大dilated left ventricle 左室大beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate) 心率: tachycardia/bradycardia, regular/irregular rhythmheart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4gallop奔马律, systolic click收缩期卡嗒音, opening snap(二尖瓣)开瓣音, pericardial knock 心包叩击音heart murmur 心脏杂音systolic/diastolic/continousgrade 1-5crescendo/decrescendo 递增/递减radiationlocationpitch音调quality 性质pericardial friction rub，pericardial rub心包摩擦音inspiratory crepitations over the lung bases, basal crackles 肺底湿啰音wheezing rale 哮鸣音cardiomegaly 心脏肥大elevated venous pressuredistention of jugular vein，jugular filling，jugular varicosity颈静脉怒张/充盈hepatojugular reflux sign肝颈静脉回流征ascites 腹水edema of lower extremity下肢水肿Hypertensive disease高血压病sphygmomanometer；blood pressure gauge，BPG血压计stethoscope听诊器hypertensionprimary hypertensionsecondary hypertensionchronic kidney disease, CKDdrugs: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug，NSAID非甾体类抗炎药glucocorticosteroids糖皮质激素mineral corticoid ，MCH盐皮质激素oral contraceptives口服避孕药adrenomimetic拟肾上腺素药monoamine oxidase inhibitor单胺氧化酶抑制剂tricyclic antidepressant;TCA三环类抗抑郁药immunodepressant免疫抑制剂（如ciclosporin环孢素）erythropoietin，EPO 促红细胞生成素hyperthyrea, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyrosis甲状腺功能亢进primary hyperaldosteronism原发性醛固酮增多症adrenal cortical hyperplasia肾上腺皮质增生症chromaffin-cell tumor，chromaffinom，medullosuprarenoma，phaeochromocytoma，PCC嗜铬细胞瘤sleep apnea syndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征diabetes mellitus糖尿病coarctation of aorta，COA主动脉缩窄white coat hypertensionisolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压hypertensive emergencies 高血压急症hypertensive urgencies 高血压亚急症hypertensive crisis 高血压危象hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压性脑病The coronary circulationleft anterior descending artery,LADleft circumflex coronary artery, LCXright coronary artery, RCACoronary artery disease;coronary heart disease，CAD,CHD冠心病atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atheromatous plaques 动脉粥样斑块plaque rupture 斑块破裂angina pectoris 心绞痛stable angina pectoris 稳定性心绞痛variant angina pectoris 变异性心绞痛silent myocardial ischemia 无症状心肌缺血（latent coronary heart disease 隐匿性冠心病）myocardial bridging 心肌桥post-infarction angina pectoris 梗死后心绞痛acute coronary syndrome，ACS 急性冠脉综合征unstable angina pectoris ,UAP 不稳定心绞痛rest 静息型, new/initial初发型，accelerated 恶化型acute myocardial infarction ,AMI 急性心肌梗死non-ST segment elevation MI, NSTEMIST segment elevation MI，STEMIsudden cardiac death, SCD 心脏性猝死dysfunction/rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能不全/断裂rupture of chordae tendineae腱索断裂rupture of the heart ,cardiac rupture心脏破裂embolism 栓塞（systemic体循环的）cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Four chambers: left/right atrium/ventricle 心房/心室（atrial 心房的,ventricular 心室的）atrial septum房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔Cardiac insufficiency心功能不全，heart failure 心衰compensated/overt heart failure 代偿性/显性心衰congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭acute/chronic left-sided heart failure 急/慢性左心衰竭intractable heart failure难治性心衰systolic/diastolic insufficiency heart failure收缩/舒张功能不全的心衰The electrical conduction systemsinoatrial nodeHis bundleright and left bundlesleft anterior and posterior hemibundlesPurkinje networkArrhythmia 心律失常triggered activity 触发活动re-entry 折返afterdepolarization 后除极sinus bradycardia/ tachycardia窦性心动过缓/心动过速sinus pause (sinus arrest)窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block (Wenckebach 文氏，Mobitz莫氏)sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病态窦房结综合征：bradycardia-tachycardia syndromeatrial premature beats 房性期前收缩atrial tachycardia(automatic, reentrant,chaotic) (自律性，折返性，紊乱性)房性心动过速atrial flutter, AFLatrial fibrillation ,AFpremature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界性期前收缩AV junctional escape beats 逸搏paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,PSVT阵发性室上性心动过速atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, AVNRTatrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, AVRTpreexcitation syndrome (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome)premature ventricular beatventricular tachycardia，VT (multiforme多形性，multifocal 多源性) accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性室性自主节律torsades de pointes ,TDP尖端扭转ventricular flutterventricular fibrillationatrioventricular block, AVBAdame-Strokes syndrome 阿-斯综合征intraventricular blockleft bundle branch block, LBBBleft anterior fascicular block, LAFBleft posterior fascicular block, LPFBright bundle branch block, RBBBbifascicular block 双分支传导阻滞trifascicular block 三分支传导阻滞Valvular disease of the heart，VDH, valvular heart disease心脏瓣膜病mitral/tricuspid/aortic/pulmonary valve disease 二尖瓣/三尖瓣/主动脉瓣/肺动脉瓣疾病acute/chronic mitral stenosis/incompetence/ insufficiency 狭窄/关闭不全rheumatic fever 风湿热rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Infective endocarditis ,IE 感染性心内膜炎acute/ subacute, native/prothetic/right heart IE 自体瓣膜/人工瓣膜clinical/fever thermometer体温计Cardiomyopathy 心肌病dilated cardiomyopathy, DCMhypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM (asymmetric septal 非对称性室间隔肥厚) restrictive cardiomyopathy, RCMarrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ,ARVC 致心律失常性右室心肌病speciflc cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病diabetic cardiomyopathy 糖尿病性心肌病alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病cardiac amyloidosis 心脏淀粉样变性drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病Keshan disease 克山病，endemic cardiomyopathy 地方性心肌病unclassified cardiomyopathy 未分类心肌病pericardium心包cardiopericarditis，cardipericarditis，pericarditis心包炎hydropericardium，pericardial effusion，pericardial fluid心包积液constrictive pericarditis缩窄性心包炎Congenital heart/cardiovascular disease先天性心脏病/心血管病，CHDatrial septal defect ASDventricular septal defect,VSDpatent ductus ateriosus, PDAtetralogy of fallot, TOFEisenmenger’s syndromecoarctation of the aortapulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄primary pulmonary hypertensiondextrocardia右位心complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位Disease of blood vessel，vascular disease，angiopathy血管疾病aortic dissection主动脉夹层primary arteritis or the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎peripheral arteriosclerosis obliterans 闭塞性周围动脉硬化thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger disease) 闭塞性血栓性脉管炎（Buerger病）thrombophlebitis血栓性静脉炎superficial thrombophlebitis 血栓性浅静脉炎deep venous thrombosis 深静脉血栓形成superior vena cava obstruction syndrome 上腔静脉阻塞综合征Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停cardiogenic shock 心源性休克syncope 晕厥vasovagal syncope, VVS 血管迷走性晕厥postural hypotension体位性低血压Cardiogenic syncope心源性晕厥transient ischemic attack, TIA 短暂性缺血发作syndrome X X综合征cardiac neurosis 心脏神经官能症Tests 常用检查electrolyte disturbance: hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia, hypomagnesaemia, hyperkalaemiaaterial blood gas analysis: acidosis /alkalosis碱中毒（metabolic代谢性，respiratory呼吸性）hyperlipoidemia高脂血症：hypertriglyceridemia高甘油三酯血症triglyceride 甘油三酯hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症cholesterol胆固醇plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrationlipoprotein（a）, LP脂蛋白Apo, apopoprotein 载脂蛋白enzymogram/zymogram of the cardiac muscle 心肌酶谱CK-MB , MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase 心肌型肌酸激酶同功酶AST, aspartate aminotransferase天冬氨酸转氨酶LDH, lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶myohemoglobin 肌红蛋白troponin T and I 肌钙蛋白brain natriuretic peptide,BNP 脑钠肽blood culturechest radiograph：cardiothoracic ration < 0.5electrocardiography, ECG 心电图standard 12-lead ECG (limb leads, chest leads)exercise/stress ECG 负荷心电图Holter ECG monitoring, ambulatory ECG 动态心电图T wave flattening or inversionreversible ST segment depression/elevation (planar, downsloping,upsloping) wide QRS complexpathologic Q wavelate ventricular potential, LVP 心室晚电位T wave electrical alternations T波电交替upright tilt-table testing, head-up tilt testing 直立倾斜试验cardiac electrophysiologic study心电生理检查：programmed electrical stimulationsinus node recovery time, SNRT 窦房结恢复时间sinoatrial conduction time ,SACT 窦房结传导时间echocardiography 超声心动图two-dimensional echocardiographyDoppler echocardiographycolor Doppler flow imagingDoppler tissue imaging 多普勒组织成像技术transesophageal echocardiography经食管超声心动图intravascular ultrasound血管内超声stress echocardiography 负荷心超图ejection fraction (0.50-0.75)ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测coronary angiography 冠脉造影cardiac catheterization 心导管术cardiac radionuclide (blood pool) scanningManagement 处理avoid a high dietary salt intakeavoid severe exertion and vigorous exerciseavoid a heavy meal or very cold wateravoid agitation情绪激动stop smoking ，alcohol withdrawalkeep bowels open通便: lactulose乳果糖，Bisacody便塞停，senna leaves;sennae,folium番泻叶analgesia镇痛：morphine吗啡，meperidine，pethidine哌替啶take sublingual nitrate before undertaking exertion thar may induce angina interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 介入治疗radiofrequency catheter ablation ,RFCA经导管射频消融coronary revascularization therapy冠脉血运重建术；reperfusion therapy 再灌注治疗percutaneous coronary intervention ,PCI 经皮冠脉介入治疗percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA 经皮腔内冠脉成形术percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮冠脉内支架植入术thrombolysis溶栓：urokinase, UK尿激酶rt-PA重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂coronary artery bypass graft ,CABG 冠脉旁路手术great saphenous vein 大隐静脉internal mammary artery 内乳动脉percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty ,PBMV 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术artifical cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏：persistent/temporary,biatrial/biventricularantitachycardia pacing 抗心动过速起搏ATPcardioversion 心脏电复律defibrillation 电除颤thumpversion 捶击复律implantable cardioverter defibrillator, ICD 置入型心律转复除颤器cardiac resynchronization therapy, CRT 心脏再同步化治疗heart transplantationcombined heart and lung transplantation心肺联合移植percutaneous pericardiocentesis 心包穿刺术常用药物vasodilator血管扩张剂（phlebectasis静脉扩张，arteriectasis动脉扩张）nitrate-based vasodilating agents 硝酸酯类血管扩张剂nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛diureticsthiazide diuretic：hydrochlorothiazide 双氢克尿塞（氢氯噻嗪）loop diuretic：furosemide呋塞米，速尿, bumetanide布美他尼torasemide托拉塞米，特苏尼potassium-sparing diuretic: antisterone, Spironolactone螺内酯，安体舒通inotropic agent 正性肌力药digitalis preparation洋地黄类：digoxin地高辛，cedilanid，lanatoside C西地兰adrenergic receptor stimulant: dopamine多巴胺，dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺adrenaline肾上腺素isopropylnoradrenalin异丙肾上腺素phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂：Milrinone 米力农renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, RAAS肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ,ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin-II antagonist/receptor blockeraldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂beta adrenergic receptor blocker(beta blockers)calcium channel blocker, CCBantiarrhythmic druglidocaine 利多卡因propafenone 普罗帕酮，心律平amiodarone 胺碘酮，可达龙propranolol 普萘洛尔，心得安verapamil 维拉帕米，异搏定HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors：simvastatin 辛伐他汀，舒降之atorvastatin 阿托伐他汀，立普妥fluvastatin 氟伐地汀,来适可antiplatelet drugs：aspirin 阿司匹林clopidogrel氯吡格雷,波利维tirofiban 替罗非班，欣维宁anticoagulation drugssubcutaneous low molecular weight heparin胸闷（chest distress）高血压肾病hypertensive nephropathy hypertensive renal disease心力衰竭：Heart failure 心力衰竭Congestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭Chroinc heart failure 慢性心力衰竭Intractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭Cardiac dysfunction 心功能障碍心律失常：Arrhythmia （cardiac arrhythmia）心律失常Triggered activity 触发活动Afterdepolarization 后除极a.窦房结Sinus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time SACT 窦房传导时间Bradycardia 心动过缓Tachycardia 心动过速Sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓Sinus pause (sinus arrest) 窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞（Mobitz 莫氏, Wenckebach 文氏）Sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病(态)窦(房结)综合征Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征b.心房Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速Reentrant atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速Chaotic atrial tachycardia 紊乱性房性心动过速Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with A V block (PAT with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速Multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速Atrial flutter 心房扑动Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动c.房室交界区性Premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界区性期前收缩A V junctional escape beats 房室交界区性逸搏A V junctional rhythm 房室交界区性心律Nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia 非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia(A VNRT)房室结内折返性心动过速Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia(A VNRT)房室返性心动过速Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) 预激综合征（WPW综合征）d.心室Premature ventricular beats 室性期前收缩Ventricular parasystole 室性并行心律Ventricular tachycardia 室性心动过速Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律Torsades de pointes 尖端扭转Ventricular flutter 心室扑动Ventricular fibrillation 心室颤动Atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞Wenckebach block 文氏阻滞Adame-Strokes syndrom 阿－斯综合征Intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞Right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞Left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞Left anterior fascicular block 左前分支传导阻滞Left posterior fascicular block 左后分支传导阻滞Bifascicular block 双分支阻滞Trifascicular block 三分支阻滞心脏骤停与猝死sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 无脉性电活动高血压：Hypertension 高血压Hypertensive urgencyes 高血压急症Hypertensive crisis 高血压危象Hypertensive emergencies 高血压危症Secondary hypertension 继发性高血压Primary hypertension 原发性高血压“White coat” hypertension 白大衣性高血压4Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压Arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化先心病：Congenital heart disease 先天性心脏病Congenital cardiovascular disease 先天性心血管病Pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄Isolated pulmonic stenosis 单纯肺动脉口狭窄Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery 单纯肺动脉扩张Primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压Persistent left superior vena cava 双侧上腔静脉（左上腔静脉残存）Isolated dextrocardia 孤立性右位心Atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 部分性肺静脉畸形引流Ventricular septal defect (VSD) 室间隔缺损Eisenmenger’s syndrome 艾森门格综合征Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)动脉导管未闭Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症Trilogy of Fallot 法洛三联症Complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位Atrial septal defect (ASD) 房间隔缺损心脏瓣膜病：Multivalve heart disease 多瓣膜疾病5Mitral valve disease 二尖瓣疾病Pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病Tricuspid valve disease 三尖瓣疾病Ebstein’s an omaly 三尖瓣下移畸形Dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调或断裂Aortic valve disease 主动脉瓣疾病Aortic arch syndrome 主动脉弓综合征Valvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病Rheumatic fever 风湿热Rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄Mitral incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全Acute mitral insufficiency 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chronic mitral insufficiency 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全Marfan’s syndrom 马凡氏综合征Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄Aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全Chronic aortic insufficiency 慢性主动脉瓣关闭不全Tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全Pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄Pulmonary incompetence 肺动脉瓣关闭不全冠心病：Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病Angina pectoris 心绞痛Stable angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛Unstable angina pectoris 不稳定心绞痛Initial onset angina pectoris 初发型心绞痛Accelerated angina pectoris 恶化型心绞痛Variant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal’s variant angina pectoris)变异型心绞痛Angina decubitus 卧位心绞痛Acute coronary insufficiency 急性冠状动脉功能不全Postinfarction angina pectoris 梗塞后心绞痛Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) 急性冠脉综合征Myocardial infarction(MI) 心肌梗死Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) 急性心肌梗死Dysfunction of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调Rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌断裂Rupture of the heart 心脏破裂Embolism 栓塞Cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤Postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Latent coronary heart disease 无症状型冠心病（隐性冠心病）Ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病Sudden death 猝死感染性心内膜炎：Infective endocarditis (IE) 感染性心内膜炎Native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎Prothetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎Acute infective endocarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎心肌疾病：Specific cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病Viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（HCM）肥厚性心肌病Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) 非对称性室间隔肥厚Restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM)限制性心肌病Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）扩张型心肌病Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病Peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病Drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病Keshan disease (KD) 克山病Endemic cardiomyopathy (ECD) 地方性心肌病Cardiomyopathies 心肌疾病Myocardial bridging 心肌桥Myocarditis 心肌炎Right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC)致心律失常型右室心肌病Unclassified cardiomyopathies,UCM)心包疾病：Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎血管疾病：Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎Raynaud syndrome 雷诺综合征Pulness disease 无脉病Thromboangitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎Thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层其它疾病：Syndrome XCardiogenic shock 心原性休克Postpericardiostomy syndrome 心肌损伤后综合征Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞Syncope 晕厥Syphlitic cardiovascular disease 梅毒性心血管病Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏血管神经官能症药物Vasodilator 血管扩张剂（phlebectasis 静脉扩张，arteriectasis 动脉扩张）Diuretic 利尿剂（thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂；loop diuretic 袢利尿剂；potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂）inotropic agent 正性肌力药（digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂；adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor（ACE inhibitors）（ACEI）血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Aldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂Beta adrenergic receptor blocker （beta blockers）ß肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂Calcium channel blocker（CCB）钙通道阻滞剂Angiotension Ⅱantagonist(Angiotension Ⅱreceptor blocker) 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂Alpha blockers α1 受体阻滞剂Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油Digoxin 地高辛Lanatoside C 西地兰10antiarrhythic drugs 抗心律失常药lidocaine 利多卡因Propafenone 普罗帕酮Amiodarone 胺碘酮调脂药降脂药HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors HMG-CoA 还原酶抑制剂Nicotinic acid 烟酸Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯抗血小板药物溶栓药recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator ,rt-PA 重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂抗凝药操作interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 心血管病介入性治疗Holter ECG monitoring 动态心电图Ultrasound angioplasty 超声消融术Directional coronary atherectomy 定向旋切术High frequency rotational atherectomy 高频旋磨术Laser angioplasty 激光血管成形术Catheter ablation 心导管消融Radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV)经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术Percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty(PBPV)经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术Percutaneous transluminal septial myocardial ablation,(PTSMA)经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术11Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术Percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术Transluminal Extraction catheter (TEC)经皮血管内切吸导管Artificial cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏Multisite cardiac pacing 多部位心脏起搏Biatrial pacing 双心房起搏biventricular pacing 双心室起搏bifocal pacing 双灶起搏Heart transplantation 心脏移植Angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy 新鲜血栓吸引术Upright tilt-table testing 直立倾斜试验Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)置入型心律转复除颤器Thumpversion 捶击复律Cough-version 咳嗽复律Cardioversion 心脏电复律Defibrillation 心脏电除颤Revascularization 血管重建其它Hemolytic streptococcus 甲族乙型溶血性链球菌Antithymocyte globulin (ATG)抗胸腺细胞球蛋白Vagus nerve 迷走神经,Brainstem death 脑干死亡12Brain death 脑死亡Myocardial remodeling 心肌重塑Hemodynamics 血液动力学Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)心钠素Vasopressin 血管加压素,抗利尿激素Bradykinin 缓激肽Triggered activity 触发活动Afterdepolarization 后除极Late ventricular potential 心室晚电位Sinus node recovery time(SNRT) 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time(SACT) 窦房传导时间Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率Accessory atrioventricular pathways 房室旁路Atriohisian tracts 房希氏束Nodoventricular fibers 结-室纤维Fasciculoventricular fibers 分支室纤维Insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗Vasodepressor response 血管减压反应Pulsus tardus 细迟脉Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) 最小抑菌浓度Systolic anterior motion(SAM) （二尖瓣前叶）收缩期前向运动Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行Symptoms 症状chest distress胸闷dyspnoea呼吸困难：paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea breathlessness 气促a poor effort tolerancecough咳嗽palpitation 心悸precordial chest pain心前区胸痛retrosternally chest pain 胸骨后胸痛precipitation by exertion, promptly relief by rest or sublingual nitratea sense of oppression or tightness in the chest - like a band around the chest patients may close a hand around the throat ,put a hand or clenched fist on the sternummay radiate to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in the arms(referred pain)occasionally epigastric or interscapular 上腹部的/肩胛间的sense of impending death 濒死感autonomic disturbance including sweating, nausea, vomiting Signs 体征Vital signs 生命体征blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure脉压):hypertension/hypotensionpulse rate 脉律: regular/irregulardropped beat脉搏短绌respitatory rate : tachypnea呼吸急促/ respiration ceases呼吸停止temperature: fever /clammy peripheries 四肢湿冷cyanosis 发绀loss of consciousness，unconsciousness意识丧失tic of limbs四肢抽搐gatism，urinary and fecal incontinence大小便失禁cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or displaced laterally) 心尖palpable liftthrill 震颤cardiac dilatation心脏扩大large right atrium 右房大dilated left ventricle 左室大beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate) 心率: tachycardia/bradycardia, regular/irregular rhythmheart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4gallop奔马律, systolic click收缩期卡嗒音, opening snap(二尖瓣)开瓣音, pericardial knock 心包叩击音heart murmur 心脏杂音systolic/diastolic/continousgrade 1-5crescendo/decrescendo 递增/递减radiationlocationpitch音调quality 性质pericardial friction rub，pericardial rub心包摩擦音inspiratory crepitations over the lung bases, basal crackles 肺底湿啰音wheezing rale 哮鸣音cardiomegaly 心脏肥大elevated venous pressuredistention of jugular vein，jugular filling，jugular varicosity颈静脉怒张/充盈hepatojugular reflux sign肝颈静脉回流征ascites 腹水edema of lower extremity下肢水肿Hypertensive disease高血压病sphygmomanometer；blood pressure gauge，BPG血压计stethoscope听诊器hypertensionprimary hypertensionsecondary hypertensionchronic kidney disease, CKDdrugs: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug，NSAID非甾体类抗炎药glucocorticosteroids糖皮质激素mineral corticoid ，MCH盐皮质激素oral contraceptives口服避孕药adrenomimetic拟肾上腺素药monoamine oxidase inhibitor单胺氧化酶抑制剂tricyclic antidepressant;TCA三环类抗抑郁药immunodepressant免疫抑制剂（如ciclosporin环孢素）erythropoietin，EPO 促红细胞生成素hyperthyrea, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyrosis甲状腺功能亢进primary hyperaldosteronism原发性醛固酮增多症adrenal cortical hyperplasia肾上腺皮质增生症chromaffin-cell tumor，chromaffinom，medullosuprarenoma，phaeochromocytoma，PCC嗜铬细胞瘤sleep apnea syndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征diabetes mellitus糖尿病coarctation of aorta，COA主动脉缩窄white coat hypertensionisolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压hypertensive emergencies 高血压急症hypertensive urgencies 高血压亚急症hypertensive crisis 高血压危象hypertensive encephalopathy 高血压性脑病The coronary circulationleft anterior descending artery,LADleft circumflex coronary artery, LCXright coronary artery, RCACoronary artery disease;coronary heart disease，CAD,CHD冠心病atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atheromatous plaques 动脉粥样斑块plaque rupture 斑块破裂angina pectoris 心绞痛stable angina pectoris 稳定性心绞痛variant angina pectoris 变异性心绞痛silent myocardial ischemia 无症状心肌缺血（latent coronary heart disease 隐匿性冠心病）myocardial bridging 心肌桥post-infarction angina pectoris 梗死后心绞痛acute coronary syndrome，ACS 急性冠脉综合征unstable angina pectoris ,UAP 不稳定心绞痛rest 静息型, new/initial初发型，accelerated 恶化型acute myocardial infarction ,AMI 急性心肌梗死non-ST segment elevation MI, NSTEMIST segment elevation MI，STEMIsudden cardiac death, SCD 心脏性猝死dysfunction/rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能不全/断裂rupture of chordae tendineae腱索断裂rupture of the heart ,cardiac rupture心脏破裂embolism 栓塞（systemic体循环的）cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Four chambers: left/right atrium/ventricle 心房/心室（atrial 心房的,ventricular 心室的）atrial septum房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔Cardiac insufficiency心功能不全，heart failure 心衰compensated/overt heart failure 代偿性/显性心衰congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭acute/chronic left-sided heart failure 急/慢性左心衰竭intractable heart failure难治性心衰systolic/diastolic insufficiency heart failure收缩/舒张功能不全的心衰The electrical conduction systemsinoatrial nodeHis bundleright and left bundlesleft anterior and posterior hemibundlesPurkinje networkArrhythmia 心律失常triggered activity 触发活动re-entry 折返afterdepolarization 后除极sinus bradycardia/ tachycardia窦性心动过缓/心动过速sinus pause (sinus arrest)窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block (Wenckebach 文氏，Mobitz莫氏)sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病态窦房结综合征：bradycardia-tachycardia syndromeatrial premature beats 房性期前收缩atrial tachycardia(automatic, reentrant,chaotic) (自律性，折返性，紊乱性)房性心动过速2011-04-24 14:44回复2楼torasemide托拉塞米，特苏尼potassium-sparing diuretic: antisterone, Spironolactone螺内酯，安体舒通inotropic agent 正性肌力药digitalis preparation洋地黄类：digoxin地高辛，cedilanid，lanatoside C西地兰adrenergic receptor stimulant: dopamine多巴胺，dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺adrenaline肾上腺素isopropylnoradrenalin异丙肾上腺素phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂：Milrinone 米力农renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, RAAS肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ,ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin-II antagonist/receptor blockeraldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂beta adrenergic receptor blocker(beta blockers)calcium channel blocker, CCBantiarrhythmic druglidocaine 利多卡因propafenone 普罗帕酮，心律平amiodarone 胺碘酮，可达龙propranolol 普萘洛尔，心得安verapamil 维拉帕米，异搏定HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors：simvastatin 辛伐他汀，舒降之atorvastatin 阿托伐他汀，立普妥fluvastatin 氟伐地汀,来适可antiplatelet drugs：aspirin 阿司匹林clopidogrel氯吡格雷,波利维tirofiban 替罗非班，欣维宁心血管内科常用英文Symptoms 症状chest distress 胸闷dyspnoea 呼吸困难：paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea breathlessness 气促 a poor effort tolerance cough 咳嗽palpitation 心悸precordial chest pain 心前区胸痛retrosternally chest pain 胸骨后胸痛precipitation by exertion, promptly relief by rest or sublingual nitrate a sense of oppression or tightness in the chest - like a band around the chest patients may close a hand around the throat ,put a hand or clenched fist on the sternum may radiate to the neck or jar, accompanied by discomfort in the arms(referred pain) occasionally epigastric or interscapular 上腹部的/肩胛间的sense of impending death 濒死感autonomic disturbance including sweating, nausea, vomiting Signs 体征Vital signs 生命体征blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, pulse pressure 脉压):hypertension/hypotension pulse rate 脉律: regular/irregular dropped beat 脉搏短绌respitatory rate : tachypnea 呼吸急促/ respiration ceases 呼吸停止temperature: fever /clammy peripheries 四肢湿冷cyanosis 发绀loss of consciousness，unconsciousness 意识丧失tic of limbs 四肢抽搐gatism，urinary and fecal incontinence 大小便失禁cardiac apex (4/5th ICS-MCL or displaced laterally) 心尖palpable lift thrill 震颤cardiac dilatation 心脏扩大large right atrium 右房大dilated left ventricle 左室大beats per minute ,bpm (heart rate) 心率: tachycardia/bradycardia, regular/irregular rhythm heart sounds: S1,S2,S3,S4 gallop 奔马律, systolic click 收缩期卡嗒音, opening snap(二尖瓣)开瓣音, pericardial knock 心包叩击音heart murmur 心脏杂音systolic/diastolic/continous grade 1-5 crescendo/decrescendo 递增/递减radiationlocation pitch 音调quality 性质pericardial friction rub，pericardial rub 心包摩擦音inspiratory crepitations over the lung bases, basal crackles 肺底湿啰音wheezing rale 哮鸣音cardiomegaly 心脏肥大elevated venous pressure distention of jugular vein，jugular filling，jugular varicosity 颈静脉怒张/充盈hepatojugular reflux sign 肝颈静脉回流征ascites 腹水edema of lower extremity 下肢水肿Hypertensive disease 高血压病sphygmomanometer；blood pressure gauge，BPG 血压计stethoscope 听诊器hypertension primary hypertension secondary hypertension chronic kidney disease, CKD drugs: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug，NSAID 非甾体类抗炎药glucocorticosteroids 糖皮质激素mineral corticoid ，MCH 盐皮质激素oral contraceptives 口服避孕药adrenomimetic 拟肾上腺素药monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制剂tricyclic antidepressant;TCA 三环类抗抑郁药immunodepressant 免疫抑制剂（如ciclosporin 环孢素）erythropoietin，EPO 促红细胞生成素hyperthyrea, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyrosis 甲状腺功能亢进primary hyperaldosteronism 原发性醛固酮增多症adrenal cortical hyperplasia 肾上腺皮心内科实习---2.常用英文简称来源：唐玉霞的日志。
心血管科常见英文缩写
心血管科常见英文缩写CHD -----先心CAD ---- 冠心病PDA----动脉导管未闭AMI----急性心梗ASD----房缺OMI----阵发性心梗F3----法三SMI----亚急性心梗F4/TOF----法四PMI----无痛性心梗PECD----部分心内膜垫缺损AP----心绞痛TECD----完全心内膜垫缺损UAP----不稳定性心绞痛PAPVC----部分肺静脉畸形引流AF----房扑TAPVC----完全肺静脉畸形引流SR----窦性心律PTA----永存动脉干LBBB----左左束支传导阻滞RHD----风心RBBB----右束支传导阻滞PS----肺动脉瓣狭窄A-VB----房室传导阻滞PI----肺动脉瓣关闭不全DCM----扩张性心肌病AS----主动脉瓣狭窄PHD----肺心病AI----主动脉瓣关闭不全CE----心包积液MS----二尖瓣狭窄EH----原发性高血压MI----二尖瓣关闭不全CHF----充血性心力衰竭MVPS----二尖瓣脱垂综合征Marfan----马凡氏综合征TS----三尖瓣狭窄人Rastelli----内隧外管道术PH----肺动脉高压Glenn术----上腔静脉-右肺动脉吻合术PA----肺动脉瓣闭锁Fontan术----右房-肺动脉连接术Ebstein畸形----三尖瓣下移DVR----双瓣置换术TA----三尖瓣闭锁AVP----主动脉瓣成形术TGA----完全性大血管错位AVR----主动脉瓣置换术COA----主动脉弓缩窄MVR----二尖瓣置换术FO----卵圆孔未闭MVP----二尖瓣成形术SV----单心室TVP----三尖瓣成形术DOLV----左心室双出口TVR----三尖瓣置换术DORV----右室双出口CABG----冠脉搭桥术APF----主肺间隔缺损Bentell术----主A瓣置换+升A置换+左右冠状A移植Af----房颤CAG+LAG+RAG----冠状A+左室+肾A造影VF----室扑PTCA---经皮冠状A球囊成形术Vf----室颤PTCLA----经皮冠状A激光成形术LAF----特发性房颤PCMA--经皮冠状A粥样斑块机械切除术SSS----病态室房结综合征CASI--冠状血管内支架AVNDP----房室窦房结综合症PBAV--经皮主A球囊成形术AT----房速PBMV--经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术SVT----室上速PBPV--经皮肺A瓣球囊成形术PSVT----阵发性室上速PTSMA--经皮室间隔心肌化学消融术VT----室速PTRA+STENT--经皮肾A球囊成形+支架植入术TI----三尖瓣关闭不全EPT--心内电生理检查术LAM----左房粘液瘤RFCA--射频消融术RAM----右房粘液瘤ICD--埋藏式心脏自动复律除颤AIPCD----埋藏式心脏自动起搏复率除颤IABP----主动脉内完全反搏。
心血管科常见英文缩写教学教材
心血管科常见英文缩写CHD -----先心CAD ---- 冠心病PDA----动脉导管未闭AMI----急性心梗ASD----房缺OMI----阵发性心梗F3----法三SMI----亚急性心梗F4/TOF----法四PMI----无痛性心梗PECD----部分心内膜垫缺损AP----心绞痛TECD----完全心内膜垫缺损UAP----不稳定性心绞痛PAPVC----部分肺静脉畸形引流AF----房扑TAPVC----完全肺静脉畸形引流SR----窦性心律PTA----永存动脉干LBBB----左左束支传导阻滞RHD----风心RBBB----右束支传导阻滞PS----肺动脉瓣狭窄A-VB----房室传导阻滞PI----肺动脉瓣关闭不全DCM----扩张性心肌病AS----主动脉瓣狭窄PHD----肺心病AI----主动脉瓣关闭不全CE----心包积液MS----二尖瓣狭窄EH----原发性高血压MI----二尖瓣关闭不全CHF----充血性心力衰竭MVPS----二尖瓣脱垂综合征Marfan----马凡氏综合征TS----三尖瓣狭窄人Rastelli----内隧外管道术PH----肺动脉高压Glenn术----上腔静脉-右肺动脉吻合术PA----肺动脉瓣闭锁Fontan术----右房-肺动脉连接术Ebstein畸形----三尖瓣下移DVR----双瓣置换术TA----三尖瓣闭锁AVP----主动脉瓣成形术TGA----完全性大血管错位AVR----主动脉瓣置换术COA----主动脉弓缩窄MVR----二尖瓣置换术FO----卵圆孔未闭MVP----二尖瓣成形术SV----单心室TVP----三尖瓣成形术DOLV----左心室双出口TVR----三尖瓣置换术DORV----右室双出口CABG----冠脉搭桥术APF----主肺间隔缺损Bentell术----主A瓣置换+升A置换+左右冠状A移植Af----房颤CAG+LAG+RAG----冠状A+左室+肾A造影VF----室扑PTCA---经皮冠状A球囊成形术Vf----室颤PTCLA----经皮冠状A激光成形术LAF----特发性房颤PCMA--经皮冠状A粥样斑块机械切除术SSS----病态室房结综合征CASI--冠状血管内支架AVNDP----房室窦房结综合症PBAV--经皮主A球囊成形术AT----房速PBMV--经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术SVT----室上速PBPV--经皮肺A瓣球囊成形术PSVT----阵发性室上速PTSMA--经皮室间隔心肌化学消融术VT----室速PTRA+STENT--经皮肾A球囊成形+支架植入术TI----三尖瓣关闭不全EPT--心内电生理检查术LAM----左房粘液瘤RFCA--射频消融术RAM----右房粘液瘤ICD--埋藏式心脏自动复律除颤AIPCD----埋藏式心脏自动起搏复率除颤IABP----主动脉内完全反搏。
超实用-14大类心血管内科常用药物总结
超实用-14大类心血管内科常用药物总结临床心血管内科常用药物总结一、降压、抗心衰药1、ACEI类：(ACE inhibitors)特别适用于伴有心衰，心梗后，IGT（糖耐量异常）或糖尿病，慢性肾病的高血压患者。
禁用于：高钾血症，妊娠妇女，双侧肾动脉狭窄患者，Scr ﹥225μmol/L。
（心梗后EF<50%者必用）1) 蒙诺（福辛普利Fosinopril）：正常初始量：10mg，p.o，qd <40mg/d 10mg*14片肝肾双通道代偿代谢，可较安全地加量至最大剂量，而很少产生药物蓄积，能发挥ACEI最大的靶器官保护作用。
老年患者使用较安全方便。
2) 必利那（贝那普利Benazepril）：10-20 mg p.o q.d or bid <40mg/d 10mg/片降压常与噻嗪类利尿剂合用。
治疗期间应监测白细胞计数，出现面部浮肿(血管水肿)或胆汁淤积型黄疸时应停用洛汀新，部分双通道代谢。
3) 达爽（咪达普利Imidapril）：5-10 mg p.o q.d 5mg/片；10mg*10片4) 开博通（卡托普利Captopril）：25mg p.o tid 12.5mg*20片一代5) 开富特（复方卡托普利制剂）：1-2＃，bid-tid每片含卡托普利10mg，DHCT6mg。
6) 雅施达（培垛普利Perindopril）：高血压：4mg p.o q.d高血压伴冠心病：8mg p.o q.d心衰：2-4mg p.o q.d 一般从2mg q.d开始，逐步加量4mg*10片三代饭后服7) 悦宁定，怡那林、依苏（依那普利）：10-20mg p.o q.d 5，10mg/片二代瑞泰(雷米普利)，益恒(喹那普利)等。
主要不良反应：刺激性干咳（缓激肽聚积，美国文献显示，上市监测蒙诺咳嗽发生率低于洛汀新、雅施达，群那普利咳嗽发生率最高）,（首剂）低血压，高血钾，血管神经性水肿，肝功能异常、味觉和胃肠功能紊乱（常见于第二代含羧基的ACEI），肾功能减退（出入球动脉扩张不一致，常见于隐性肾功能不全病史患者）、蛋白尿等。
心血管常用英文缩写
心血管常用缩写AA2 aortic second sound 主动脉区第二音AA amino acid 氨基酸AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm 腹主动脉瘤Ab antibody 抗体ABE acute bacterial endocarditis 急性细菌性心内膜炎ABG arterial blood gases 动脉血气ABI ankle brachial index 踝肱指数ABP arterial blood pressure 动脉血压ABPM ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测AC alternating current 交流电AC aortic closure 动脉闭锁ACAT acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 胆固醇酰基转移酶ACE angiotensin converting enzyme 血管紧张素转化酶ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors 血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂ACG angiocardiography 心血管造影术ACh acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱ACS acute coronary syndromes 急性冠状动脉综合症ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素ADH antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素ADP adenosine diphosphate 二磷酸腺苷AECG ambulatory electrocardiography 动态心电图AEDs automatic external defibrillators 自动体外除颤器AF atrial fibrillation 房颤AFL atrial flutter 心房扑动AG atrial gallop 心房性奔马律AHA American Heart Association 美国心脏协会AHP apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚AI aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全AI aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣功能不全AI apical impulse 心尖搏动AICD automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator 埋藏式自动心脏复律除颤器AICDS automatic implanted cardioverter defibrillators 自动植入式心脏复律除颤器AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 爱滋病AIVR Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律ALT alanine aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶AMI acute myocardial imfarction 急性心肌梗塞AML anterior mitral valve leaflet 二尖瓣前叶ANA antinuclear antibody 抗核抗体ANCA antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies 抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体ANGII angiotensin II 血管紧张素IIANOVA analysis of variance 方差分析ANP atrial natriuretic hormone 心房利钠激素ANP atrial natriuretic peptide 心房利钠肽ANS autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统Ao aorta 主动脉AO opening of the atrioventricular valves 房室瓣张开AoP aortic pressure 主动脉压力AP accessory pathway 旁路AP action potential 动作电位AP angina pectoris 心绞痛AP arterial pressure 动脉压APB atrial premature beat 房性早搏APC atrial premature complex 房性早搏APH apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚APA action potential amplitude 动作电位幅度APC activated protein C 活化的蛋白CAPD action potential duration 动作电位时间apoA apolipoprotein A 载脂蛋白AapoB apolipoprotein B 载脂蛋白BaPPT actived partial thromboplastin time 激活的部分凝血活酶时间APSAC anisolysated plasminogen streptokinase activated complex 苯甲氧酰纤溶酶原链激酶活化复合物AR aortic regurgitation 主动脉瓣关闭不全AR alarm reaction 应激反应AR artificial respiration 人工呼吸ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome 成人呼吸窘迫综合症Arg arginine 精氨酸ARP atrial refractory period 心房不应期ARVD arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 致心律失常性右心室发育不良AS aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄AS arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化ASCVD arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease 动脉粥样硬化性心血管病ASD atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损ASH asymmetric septal hypertrophy 非对称性心室间隔肥厚ASHD arteriosclerotic heart disease 动脉硬化性心脏病ASO anti-streptolysin "O" 抗链球菌溶血素OASO arteriosclerosis obliterans 闭塞性动脉硬化AST aspartate aminotransferase 天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶AT a ngiotensin Ⅱ receptor 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体AT atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速AT-Ⅲ：A antithrombin Ⅲ activity 抗凝血酶Ⅲ活性ATP adenosine triphosphate 三磷酸腺苷ATP antitachycardia pacing 抗心动过速起搏ATPase adenosinetriphosphatase 三磷酸腺苷酶AVA-V atrioventricular 房室性的AVN atrioventricular node 房室结AVNRT atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia 房室结折返性心动过速AVO atrioventricular orifice 房室口AVP arginine vasopressin 精氨酸加压素AVR aortic valve replacement 主动脉瓣置换术AVRT atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia 房室交互性心动过速BBBB blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障BBB bundle branch block 束支传导阻滞BBBB bilateral bundle branch block 双侧束支传导阻滞BBT basal body temperature 基础体温BDS biodegradable stents 生物可降解支架BFP biologic false-positive 生物学假阳性BLS basic life support 基础生命支持BMI body mass index 体质指数BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BNP brain natriuretic peptide 脑钠肽BUN blood urea nitrogen 尿素氮BP blood pressure 血压BPV blood pressure variability 血压波动性BRF renal blood flow 肾血流B.S. breath sounds 呼吸音B.S. blood sugar 血糖BSA body surface area 体表面积BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮BVAD biventricular assist device 两心室辅助装置CCA cardiac arrest 心脏停搏CA coronary artery 冠状动脉CA catecholamine 儿茶酚胺C.A. circumflex coronary artery 左回旋支冠状动脉CABG coronary artery bypass grafting 冠状动脉旁路移植术CABS coronary artery bypass surgery 冠状动脉分流术CAD coronary artery disease 冠状动脉疾病CAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate 环磷酸腺苷CAVB complete atrioventricular block 完全房室传导阻滞CBC complete blood count 全血细胞计数CBF cerebral blood flow 脑血流量CC chief complaint 主诉CCPR cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation 心肺脑复苏CCU coronary care unit 冠心病监护病房CCU critical care unit 危症监护病房CD curative dose 有效量治疗量CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 疾病预防控制中心CEA carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原CEI cardiac effort index 心脏负荷指数CETP cholesteryl ester transfer protein 胆固醇酯转移蛋白CF cardiac failure 心力衰竭CFR coronary flow reserve 冠状动脉血流储备cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate 环-磷酸鸟苷CHD coronary heart disease 冠心病CHF congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭CHO Chinese hamster ovary (cell) 中国仓鼠卵巢细胞CI cardiac index 心脏指数CIC circulating immune complex 循环免疫复合物CIE counterimmunoelectrophoresis 对流免疫电泳CK creatine kinase 肌酸激酶CK-BB creatine kinase with brain subunits 肌酸激酶BB亚单位CK-MB creatine kinase-MB 肌酸激酶MB亚单位CK-MM creatine kinase with muscle subunits 肌酸激酶MM亚单位CM chylomicron 乳糜微粒CMLC cardiac myosin light chains 心脏肌凝蛋白轻链CMT circus movement tachycardia 环形运动性心动过速CNS central nervous system 中枢神经系统CO cardiac output 心输出量CoA coenzyme A 辅酶 ACOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺病CPB cardiopulmonary bypass 体外循环CPAP continuous positive airway pressure 持续气道正压呼吸CPC clinicopathological conference 临床病历讨论会CPK creatine phosphokinase 磷酸肌酸激酶CPK-MB MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase 磷酸肌酸激酶同功酶MBCPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏CRH corticotropin-releasing hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素CRP C-reactive protein C反应蛋白CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy 心脏再同步治疗CS coronary sinus 冠状窦CSF colony-stimulating factor 集落刺激因子CSF cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液CSM carotid sinus massage 颈动脉窦按摩CSNRT corrected SNRT 校正的窦房结恢复时间CT clotting time 凝血时间CT computed Tomography 计算机体层Ｘ线摄影CTA CT angiography CT血管造影cTnI cardiac troponin I 心肌肌钙蛋白I cTnT cardiac troponin T 心肌肌钙蛋白T CTO chronic total occlusion 慢性闭塞病变CV cardiovascular 心血管的CVA cerebrovascular accident 脑血管意外CVD cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压CVS cardiovascular system 心血管系统DDAD delayed afterdepolarization 延迟后去极化D.A.H disordered action of heart 心功能失调DBP diastolic blood pressure 舒张压DC direct-current 直流电DCM dilated cardiomyopathy 扩张性心脏病DHEA-S dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate 硫酸脱氢异雄酮DHF diastolic heart failure 舒张性心力衰竭DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation 弥漫性血管内凝血DL diffusion capacity 弥散量DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DM diastolic murmur 舒张期杂音DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸DNR do not resuscitate 不复苏DOA dead on arrival 到达时已死亡DOC deoxycorticosterone 脱氧皮质酮DSA digital subtraction angiography 数字减影血管造影术dsDNA double-stranded DNA 双链脱氧核糖核酸DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid 二乙烯三胺五乙酸DVT deep venous thrombosis 深静脉血栓形成EEAD early afterdepolarization 早期后除极EAVNC enhanced A-V nodal conduction 房室结加速传导EBV Epstein-Barr virus EB病毒ECC external chest compression 胸外心脏按压ECG electrocardiogram 心电图ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 体外循环膜氧合ECS electrocerebral silence 脑电静止ECS endocannabinoid system 内分泌大麻系统ED emergency department 急诊室ED effective dose 有效剂量EDCFs endothelium-derived constricting factor 内皮衍生的收缩因子EDHF endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor 内皮衍生超极化因子EDRF endothelium-derived relaxing factor 内皮衍生的松弛因子EDV end-diastolic volume 舒张末期容积EERP extended endocardial resection procedure 心内膜伸展切除法EEV encircling endocardial ventriculotomy 心内膜面心室环切术EF ejection fraction 射血分数EKG electrocardiogram 心电图ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 酶联免疫吸附试验EMD electromechanical dissociation 电机械分离EMS emergency medical service 急救医疗服务ERBF effective renal blood flow 有效肾血流量EPS electrophysiology study 电生理检查EPSP excitatory postsynaptic potential 兴奋性突触后电位ER endoplasmic reticulum 内质网ERBF effective renal blood flow 有效肾血流量ERP effective refractory period 有效适应期ERP endocardial resection procedure 心内膜切除术ERT estrogen replacement therapy 雌激素替代疗法ERV expiratory reserve volume 补呼气容积ES cells Embryonic stem cells 胚胎干细胞ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate 血细胞沉降率ESRD end-stage renal disease 终末期肾脏疾病ESV end-systolic volume 收缩末期容积ET excitability threshold 兴奋性阈值ET endothelin 内皮素Fab fragmentantigen-binding 抗原结合片断FABP fatty acid binding protein 脂肪酸结合蛋白FBG fasting blood glucose 空腹血糖FDP fibrinogen degradation products 纤维蛋白原降解产物FEV1.0 forced expiratory volume in one second 第1秒用力呼气容积FFA free fatty acid 游离脂肪酸FGF fibroblast growth factor 纤维母细胞生长因子FH familial hypercholesterolemia 家族性高胆固醇血症FHC familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 家族性肥厚型心肌病FIO2 fraction of inspired oxygen 吸入气氧分数FML flail mitral leaflet 连枷样瓣叶FRC functional residual capacity 功能残气量FT3 free triiodothyronine 游离型T3FT4 free thyroxine 游离型甲状腺素FUO fever of undetermined origin 不明原因发热FVC forced vital capacity 用力肺活量GAD glutamic acid decarboxylase 谷氨酸脱羧酶GAP GTPase-activating protein GTP酶活化蛋白GBM glomerular basement membrane 肾小球基底膜G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 粒细胞集落刺激因子GFR glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率GHb glycosylated hemoglobin 糖化血红蛋白GI gastrointestinal 胃肠的GIK glucose_insulin_potassium 葡萄糖－胰岛素－钾（极化液）GITS the gastrointestinal therapeutic system 胃肠道治疗系统GMP guanosine monophosphate 一磷酸鸟苷GPBB glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme 糖原磷酸化酶同工酶BBGPT glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 谷丙转氨酶GTP guanosine triphosphate 三磷酸鸟苷GTT glucose tolerance test 葡萄糖耐量试验HAV hepatitis A virus 甲肝病毒Hb hemoglobin 血红蛋白HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c 糖化血红蛋白 A1cHBcAg hepatitis B core antigen 乙肝核心抗原HBeAg hepatitis B e antigen 乙肝e抗原HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen 乙肝e抗原HBE His bundle electrogram 希氏束电图HBV hepatitis B virus 乙肝病毒HbO2 oxyhemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白HCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥厚型心肌病HCT hematocrit 血细胞比容，红细胞压积HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇HERG Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene 人类eag相关基因HF heart failure 心力衰竭hFABP heart fatty acid binding protein 心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白HIT heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 肝素导致的血小板减少症HIV human immunodeficiency virus 人类免疫缺陷病毒HLHS hypoplastic left heart syndrome 左心发育不良综合征HMG-COA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A ３羟甲基戊二酰辅酶ＡHMWK high molecular weight kininogen 高分子量激肽原HOCM hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy 肥厚梗阻性心肌病HOP high oxygen pressure 高压氧HP haptoglobin 结合珠蛋白，触珠蛋白HPI history of the present illness 现病史HPS His-Purkinje system 希氏束-浦肯野系统HR heart rate 心率HRV heart rate variability 心率变异性HuIFN human interferon 人体干扰素IIAB intraaortic balloon 主动脉内气囊IABP intraaortic balloon pump 主动脉内气囊泵IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator 埋藏式心脏复律－除颤器ICU intensive care unit 重症监护病房IDD insulin-dependent diabetes 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein 中间密度脂蛋白IE infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜IFG impaired fasting glucose 空腹血糖调节受损IFN interferon 干扰素IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1 胰岛素样生长因子-1 IGT impaired glucose tolerance 葡萄糖耐量降低IHD ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病IHR intrinsic heart rate 固有心率IHSS idiopathic hypertrophy subaortic stenosis 特发性肥厚型主动脉瓣下狭窄IHUT isoproterenol-head-up tilt testing 异丙肾上腺素-倾斜试验IMA internal mammary artery 内乳动脉INR international normalized ratio 国际标准化比值IPG impedance plethysmography 阻抗容积描记法IPPB intermittent positive pressure breathing 间歇性正压呼吸IR insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗IRMS insulin resistance metabolic syndrome 胰岛素抵抗代谢综合征IRS insulin resistance syndrome 胰岛素抵抗综合征IRV inspiratory reserve volume 补吸气容积ISA intrinsic sympathomimetic activity 内源性拟交感活性IU international unit 国际单位IV intravenously 静脉注射IVC inferior vena cava 下腔静脉IVP intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影IVRT isovolumic relaxation time 等容舒张时间IVS interventricular septum 室间隔IVST interventricular septal thickness 室间隔厚度IVUS intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声JJ joule 焦耳KKD Keshan disease 克山病LLA left arm 左臂LA left atrium 左心房LAD left anterior descending (coronary artery) 冠状动脉左前降支LAD left axis deviation 电轴左偏]LADA latent autoimmune diabetes in adult 成人隐匿自身免疫糖尿病LAE left atrial enlargement 左心房扩大LAFB left anterior fascicular block 左前分支阻滞LAH left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞LAO left anterior oblique 左前斜位LAP left atrial pressure 左心房压力LAPB left anterior parietal block 左前分支末梢阻滞LATS long-acting thyroid stimulator 长效甲状腺刺激素LBBB left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞LCA left coronary artery 左冠状动脉LCAT lecithin ：cholesterol acyltransferase 卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶LCX left circumflex artery 左冠状动脉回旋支LDH lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇LF left leg 左腿LP(α) α-lipoprotein α脂蛋白LPFB left posterior fascicular block 左后分支阻滞LPH left posterior hemiblock 左后半阻滞LPL lipoprotein lipase 脂蛋白酯酶LQ-T1 long Q-T locus 1 长Q－T位点1LQTS long QT syndrome 长QT综合症LRL lower rate limit 下限频率LV left ventricle 左心室LVAD left ventricular assist device 左室辅助装置LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure 左室舒张末压LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume 左室舒张末容积LVET left ventricular ejection time 左心室射血时间LVH left ventricular hypertrophy 左室肥厚LVMI left ventricular mass index 左室重量指数MMAF macrophage activating factor 巨噬细胞活化因子MAG3 mercaptoacetyltriglycine 巯基乙酰三甘氨酸MAO monoamine oxidase 单胺氧化酶MAOI monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制剂MAP mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压MAPK mitogen-actived protein kinase 有丝分裂激活的蛋白激酶MAT multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速MBC minimum bactericidal concentration 最小杀菌浓度MB-CK MB creatine kinase 肌酸磷酸激酶MB亚单位MCE myocardial contrast echocardiography 心肌造影超声心动图MCF macrophage chemotactic factor 巨噬细胞趋化因子MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin 红细胞平均血红蛋白量MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度MCT mean circulation time 平均循环时间MCV mean corpuscular volume 平均红细胞容积MDF myocardial depressant factor 心肌抑制因子MDP maximum diastolic potential 最大舒张电位MEN multiple endocrine neoplasia 多发性内分泌肿瘤METS multiple of basal metabolic oxygen consumption 基础代谢氧消耗倍数MHC myosin heavy chain 肌球蛋白重链MI myocardial imfarction 心肌梗塞MIC minimum inhibitory concentration 最小抑菌浓度MLC myosin light chain 肌凝蛋白轻链MMD minor myocardial damage 微小心肌损伤MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 多脏器功能障碍综合征MPD maximum permissible dose 最大允许剂量MPS mononuclear phagocyte system 单核巨噬细胞系统MPS mucopolysaccharidosis 粘多糖（贮积）病MR mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣关闭不全MRA magnetic resonance angiography 核磁共振血管造影MRI magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振显像mRNA messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸MS metabolic syndrome 代谢综合征MS mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄MSCT multi-slice computed tomography 多层螺旋CT MSCTCA MSCT coronary angiography 多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影MSL midsternal line 胸骨中线MV mitral valve 二尖瓣MVO2 myocardial oxygen requirements 心肌需氧量MVP mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气量NNBTE nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎NED no evidence of disease 无疾病证据NEFA nonesterified fatty acids 非酯型脂肪酸游离脂肪酸NEP neutral endopeptidase 中性内肽酶NIDD non-insulin-dependent diabetes 非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NMR nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振NO nitric oxide 一氧化氮NPN nonprotein nitrogenNQWMI non-Q-wave myocardial infarction 非Ｑ波心肌梗塞NSAIA nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic 非类固醇消炎止痛药NSAIDs nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs 非甾族抗炎药物NSR normal sinus rhythm 正常窦律NTP normal temperature and pressure 正常体温与血压NVE native valve endocarditis 自身瓣膜心内膜炎NYHA New York Heart Association 纽约心脏协会OOMB obtuse marginal branch 钝缘支OR operating room 手术室OS opening snap 开放拍击音OSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征OTC over the counter 非处方药物OTD organ tolerance dose 器官耐受剂量(X线)PP2 pulmonic second sound 肺动脉第二心音PA posteroanterior 后前位的PA pulmonary artery 肺动脉PAC premature atrial complex 期前心房复合波PAF platelet-activating factor 血小板激活因子PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 纤维蛋白酶原激活物抑制剂-1PAP plasmin-antiplasmin complex 纤溶酶抗纤溶酶复合物PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia 阵发性房性心动过速PAWP pulmonary artery wedge pressure 肺动脉楔压力PBAV percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty 经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术PBMV percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术PBPV percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty 经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术PC:A protein C activity 蛋白C活性PCG phonocardiogram 心音图PCI percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉介入干预Pco2 carbon dioxide partial pressure 二氧化碳分压力Pco2 carbon dioxide partial tension 二氧化碳分张力PCR polymerase chain reaction 聚合酶链反应PCV packed cell volume 血细胞压积PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 肺毛细血管楔压PDA patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭PDA posterior descending coronary artery 冠脉后降支PDE phosphodiesterase 磷酸二酯酶PDIs Phosphodiesterase inhibitors 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂PDGF platelet derived growth factor 血小板源生长因子PEA pulseless electrical activity 无脉性电活动PEEP positive endexpiratory pressure 呼气末正压呼吸PES programmed electrical stimulation 程控电刺激PET positron emission-computed tomography 正电子发射型计算机断层显像PF4 platelet factor 4 血小板第4因子PG prostaglandin 前列腺素PGI2 prostacyclin 前列环素PICVI Percutaneous in situ coronary venous arterialization 经皮原位冠状静脉动脉化PJRT permanent junctional repciprocating tachycardia 持久性交界性交互心动过速PJT paroxysmal junctional tachycardia 阵发性交界性心动过速PKC protein kinase C 蛋白激酶CPLAATO Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Transcatheter Occluder 经皮导管左心耳闭塞器PLS prolonged life support 延续生命支持PMI point of maximal impulse 最强心尖搏动点PMVL posterior mitral valve leaflet 二尖瓣后叶PMT pacemaker mediated tachycardia 起搏器介入性心动过速PO2 oxygen partial pressure 氧分压力PO2 oxygen partial tension 氧分张力POCT point of care test 床旁检查PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 过氧化物酶体增生物活化受体PPD purified protein derivative (tuberculin) 精制蛋白衍化物（结核菌素）PR peripheral resistance 外周阻力PR pulmonic regurgitation 肺动脉瓣关闭不全PRA plasma renin activity 血浆肾素活性PRG phleborheography 静脉血流描记法PS protein S 蛋白SPS pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄PS pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄PSM presystolic murmur 收缩前杂音PSVT paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 阵发性室上性心动过速PT prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间PT pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干PTA plasma thromboplastin 血浆凝血致活酶前质PTC plasma thromboplastin component 血浆凝血致活酶成分PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 经皮冠状动脉血管成形术Ptf P- wave terminal force 心房终末电压PTT partial thromboplastin time 部分凝血活酶时间PUO pyrexia of unknown origin 原因不明的发热，无名热PVCs premature ventricular contractions 室性早搏PVE prosthetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜性心内膜炎PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力PVT polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 多形性室性心动过速PWT posterior wall thickness 后壁厚度QQMI Q_wave myocardial infarction Q波型心肌梗塞QTd Q-T dispersion Q－T离散度QTc corrected QT interval 校正的QT间期RRA right arm 右臂RA right atrium 右心房RAD right axis deviation 电轴右偏RAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 肾素－血管紧张素－醛固酮系统RAE right atrial enlargement 右心房扩大RAO right anterior oblique 右前斜位RAS renin-angiotensin system 肾素-血管紧张素系统RBBB right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞RBC red blood cell 红细胞RBC red blood (cell) count 红细胞计数RCA right coronary artery 右冠状动脉RCM restrictive cardiomyopathy 限制性心肌病RCTs randomized controlled trials 随机对照研究RES reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统RF rheumatoid factor 类风湿因子RFCA radiofrequency catheter ablation 射频消融术RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism 限制性片段长度多态性PHC Right-sided heart catheterization 右心导管检查RIST radioimmunosorbent test 放射免疫吸附试验RKY roentgenkymography X线记波照相术RNA ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸RNP ribonucleoprotein 核糖核酸蛋白ROM passive range of motion 被动活动ROSC return of spontaneous circulation 自主循环恢复RPF renal plasma flow 肾血浆流量RPS renal pressor substance 肾加压物质RQ respiratory quotient 呼吸商rT3 reverse triiodothyronine 反三碘甲状腺原氨酸r-TPA recombinant tissue plasminogen activator 重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活物RV residual capacity 残气量RV right ventricle 右心室RVAD right ventricular assist device 右心室辅助装置RVH right ventricular hypertrophy 右心室肥大RVI right ventricle infarction 右心室梗塞RVOT right ventricular outflow Tract 右室流出道SS1 first heart sound 第一心音S2 second heart sound 第二心音S3 third heart sound 第三心音S4 fourth heart sound 第四心音SA sinoatrial 窦房的SACT sinoatrial conduction time 窦房传导时间SAB sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞SAECG signal averaged electrocardiogram 信号叠加心电图SAH systemic arterial hypertension 体循环动脉高压SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage 蛛网膜下腔出血SAM systolic anterior motion （二尖瓣前叶）在收缩期前移SB sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓SBE subacute bacterial endocarditis 亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SBP systolic blood pressure 收缩压SBT serum bactericidal titer 血清杀菌剂滴度SC closure of the semilunar valves 半月瓣关闭SC subcutaneous 皮下SCD sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死scu-PA single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator 单链尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物SD standard deviation 标准差SE stress echocardiography 负荷超声心动图SE standard error 标准误差SEC spontaneous echo contrast 自发性声学显影SFMC soluble fibrin monomer complex 可溶性纤维蛋白单体复合物SGOT glutamic oxaloacetic acid transferase 血清谷草转氨酶SH sulfhydryl 巯基SHR spontaneously hypertensive rat 自发性高血压大鼠SHRSP strok-prone SHR 具有中风倾向的自发性高血压大鼠SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome 全身炎症反应综合征SK streptokinase 链激酶SL sublingual 舌下SLE systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮SM systolic murmur 收缩期杂音SMBG self-monitoring blood glucose 自我监测血糖SMCS smooth muscle cells 平滑肌细胞SMI silent myocardial ischemia 无症状性心肌缺血SNRT sinus node recovery time 窦房结恢复时间SNS sympathetic nervous system 交感神经系统SOB shortness of breath 呼吸短促SPECT single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射型计算机断层显像SQTS short Q-T syndrome 短 Q-T 间期综合征SR sarcoplasmic reticulum 肌浆内质网ssDNA single-stranded DNA 单链DNASSS sick sinus syndrome 病态窦房结综合症ST sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速STI systolic time intervals 心室收缩时间间期SUDS sudden unexplained death syndrome 不明原因猝死综合症SUNDS sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome 不明原因的夜间猝死综合症SV stroke volume 每搏心输出量SVC superior vena cava 上腔静脉SVI stroke volume index 每搏量指数SVT supraventricular tachycardia 室上性心动过速SWI stroke work index 每搏作功指数TTa atrial repolarization 心房复极TABD triple acid-base disorders 三重性酸碱失衡TAT thrombin -antithrombin complex 凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物TC total cholesterol 总胆固醇Tc technetium 锝TDI tissue doppler imaging 组织多普勒成像TDP torsades de pointes 尖端扭转性室性心动过速TEE transesophageal echocardiography 经食道超声心动图TET treadmill exercise test 踏车运动试验TFPI tissue factor pathway inhibitor 组织因子途径抑制物TGA transposition of the great arteries 大动脉转位TGB thyroxine-binding globulin 甲状腺素结合球蛋白TGF-β transforming growth factor-beta 转化生长因子βTHAM tromethamine 三羟甲基氨基甲烷TIA transient ischemic attack 短暂性脑缺血发作TIMI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞溶栓TLC total lung capacity 肺总量TM thrombomodulin 血栓调节蛋白TMLR transmyocardial laser revascularization 心肌再血管化TMST treadmill exercise test 踏车运动试验TNF tumor necrosis factor 肿瘤坏死因子T-PA tissue-type plasminogen activator 组织型纤溶酶原激活物TPP thrombus precussor protein 血栓前体蛋白TR tricuspid regurgitation 三尖瓣返流TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone 促甲状腺素释放激素TS tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺素TT thrombin time 凝血酶时间TT thrombolytic therapy 溶栓治疗TTE transthoracic echocardiography 经胸超声心动图TV tricuspid valve 三尖瓣TXA2 thromboxane A2 血栓烷A2TXB2 thromboxane B2 血栓烷B2UUA unstable angina 不稳定性心绞痛UCG ultrasound cardiogram 超声心动图UCM unclassified cardiomyopathies 不定型的心肌病UK urokinase 尿激酶u-PA urokinase type plasminogen activator 尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物URL upper rate limit 上限频率URTI upper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染US ultrasound 超声VV4R right precordial lead in V4 position 右胸导联V4的位置VAD ventricular assist device 心室辅助装置VC vital capacity 肺活量VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule 血管细胞粘附分子VCG vectorcardiogram 心电向量图Vco2 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳产量VDH valvular disease of the heart 心瓣膜病VE minute ventilation 每分钟通气量VEDP ventricular end-diastolic pressure 心室舒张末压力VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor 血管内皮细胞生长因子VF ventricular fibrillation 室颤VFT ventricular fibrillation threshold 室颤阈值VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein 极低密度脂蛋白VLP ventricular late potential 心室晚电位VMA vanillylmandelic acid 香草扁桃酸Vo2 peak oxygen consumption 峰值氧耗Vo2 respiratory oxygen uptake 呼吸摄氧量VMA vanillylmandelic acid 3-甲氧基－4羟基苦杏仁酸VPBs ventricular premature beats 室性早搏VPC ventricular premature complex 心室早搏复合波VPD ventricular premature depolarization 心室过早去极化VRP ventricular refractory period 心室不应期VSD ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损VT ventricular tachycardia 室性心动过速VTE venous thromboembolism 静脉血栓栓塞VW vessel wall 血管壁vWF von willebrand factor 血管性血友病因子WWBC white blood cell 白细胞WBC white blood (cell) count 白细胞计数WHO world health organization 世界卫生组织α-MHC alpha-myosin heavy chain α－肌凝蛋白重链β-TG β-thromboglobulin β-血小板球蛋白23-DPG 23-diphosphoglycerate 23-二磷酸甘油酸5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine ５－羟色胺123I MIBG iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine I123标记的间碘苄胍17-KS 17-ketosteroids 17-酮皮质类固醇17-OHCS 17-hydroxycorticosteroid 17-羟皮质类固醇18-OHD 18-hydroxycorticosterone 18-羟皮质酮24hUFC 24h urine free cortisol 24小时尿液游离皮质醇。
心血管常用药物英汉对照表
心血管常用药物英汉对照表：强心苷Cediland 西地兰Deslanoside 去乙酰毛花苷Digoxin 地高辛Digitalis 洋地黄叶Digitoxin 洋地黄毒苷Lanatoside 毛花苷丙，西地兰Metildigoxin 甲地高辛Strophanthin K 毒毛旋花子苷K非强心苷类强心药物多巴胺及其同系物Denopamine 地诺帕明Dopamine 多巴胺Dopexamine 多培沙明Ibopamine 异波帕胺β-受体激动剂Dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺Prenalterol 普瑞特罗Xamoterol 扎莫特罗磷酸二酯酶抑制剂1.二氢吡啶衍生物Amrinone 氨力农Milrinone 米力农V esnarinone 威那力农2.咪唑啉酮衍生物Enoximone 依诺昔酮Piroximone 皮诺昔酮3.钙增敏剂Pimobendan 匹莫苯其它治疗心功能不全药物Aminophylline 氨茶碱Meglumine cyclic adenylate 心先安利尿剂Acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺Amiloride 阿米洛利Bendrofluazide 苄氟噻嗪Bumetanide 丁苯氧酸Chlorothiazide 氯噻嗪Chlorthalidone 氯噻酮Cyclopenthiazide 环戊噻嗪Cyclothiazide 环己氯噻嗪Diucardin 氢氟噻嗪Ethacrynic Acid 依他尼酸Flumethiazide 氟噻嗪Furosemide 呋噻米Hydrochlorothiazide 氢氯噻嗪Indapamide 吲哒帕胺Methyclothiazide 甲氯噻嗪Polythiazide 多噻嗪Spironolactone 螺内酯Tienilic Acid 天尼酸Triamterene 氨苯蝶啶Trichlormethiazide 三氯甲噻嗪血管扩张剂Hydralazine 肼苯哒嗪Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油Phentolamine 酚妥拉明Sodium Nitroprusside 硝普钠β-受体阻断剂Acebutolol 醋丁洛尔Alprenolol 阿普洛尔Amosulalol 氨磺洛尔Arotinolol 阿罗洛尔Atenolol 阿替洛尔Befunolol 比凡洛尔Betaxolol 倍他洛尔Bevantolol 贝凡洛尔Bisoprolol 比索洛尔Bopindolol 波吲洛尔Bucumolol 布库洛尔Carvedilol 卡维地洛Celiprolol 西利洛尔Cetamolol 塞他洛尔Dilevalol 地来洛尔Esmolol 艾司洛尔Flestolol 氟司洛尔Labetalol 拉贝洛尔Metoprolol 美托洛尔Nadolol 纳多洛尔Penbutolol 喷布洛尔Propranolol 普萘洛尔Sotalol 索他洛尔Tilisolol 替索洛尔Timolol 噻吗洛尔钙离子拮抗剂Amlodipine 氨氯地平Anipamil 阿尼帕米Barnidipine 巴尼地平Benidipine 贝尼地平Darodipine 达罗地平Diltiazem 恬尔心Felodipine 非洛地平Gallopamil 盖洛帕米Isradipine 伊拉地平Lacidipine 拉西地平Lercanidipine 乐卡地平Manidipine 马尼地平Nicardipine 尼卡地平Nifedipine 硝苯地平Niludipine 尼鲁地平Nilvadipine 尼瓦地平Nimodipine 尼莫地平Nisoldipine 尼索地平Nitrendipine 尼群地平Tiapamil 泰尔帕米V erapamil 维拉帕米抗心律失常药物Ia类抗心律失常药物Disopyramide 丙吡胺Dihydroquinidine 双氢奎尼丁N-Acethlprocainamide N-乙酰普鲁卡因胺Procainamide 普鲁卡因胺Quinidine 奎尼丁Ib类抗心律失常药物Aprindine 安搏律定Lidocaine 利多卡因Mexiletine 美西律Phenytoin Sodium 苯妥英钠Tocainide 室安卡因Ic类抗心律失常药物Encainide 英卡胺Flecainide 氟卡胺Lorcainide 劳卡胺Moracizine 莫雷西嗪Propafenone 普罗帕酮Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物Amiodarone 胺碘酮Bretylium 溴苄胺Desethylamiodarone 脱乙基胺碘酮Dofetilide 多非利特Ibutilide 伊布利特Sotalol 索他洛尔Ⅳ类抗心律失常药物Bepridil 伯普地尔V erapamil 维拉帕米Diltiazem 恬尔心其它Adenosine 腺苷血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Alacepril 阿拉普利Benazepril 贝那普利Captopril 卡托普利Cilazapril 西拉普利Delapril 地拉普利Enalapril 依那普利Fosinopril 福辛普利Lisinopril 赖诺普利Imidapril 依达普利Perindopril 培哚普利Quinapril 喹那普利Ramipril 雷米普利Trandolapril 泉多普利血管紧张素受体拮抗剂Candesartan 坎地沙坦Irbesartan 伊贝沙坦Losartan 洛沙坦Olmesartan 奥美沙坦Telmisartan 替米沙坦V alsartan 维沙坦α-受体阻滞剂Alfuzosin 阿呋唑嗪Bunazosin 布那唑嗪Doxazosin 多沙唑嗪Phenoxybenzamine 酚苄明Phentolamine 酚妥拉明Prazosin 哌唑嗪Terazosin 特拉唑嗪Tolazoline 妥拉苏林Trimazosin 曲马唑嗪硝酸酯Amyl Nitris 亚硝酸异戊酯Isosorbide-5-mononitrate 单硝酸异山梨醇酯Isosorbide Dinitrate 消心痛Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油抗休克药物Adrenaline 肾上腺素AnisodamineHydrobromide 氢溴酸山莨菪碱Aprotinin 抑肽酶Atropine 阿托品Chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪Copolamine Hydrobromide氢溴酸东莨菪碱Dexamethasone 地塞米松Dextran40 低分子右旋糖酐Hydrocortisone 氢化考的松Isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素Mephentermine 恢压敏Metaraminol Bitartrate 重酒石酸间羟胺Methoxamine 甲氧胺Methylprednisolone 甲基泼尼松龙Naloxone 纳洛酮Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素Pethidine 哌替啶Phenylephrine 苯肾上腺素Promethazine 异丙嗪调血脂药物Acipimox 阿西莫司Atorvastatin 阿托伐他汀Beclobrate 苄氯贝特Bezafibrate 苯扎贝特Cholestyramine 考来烯胺Ciprofibrate 环丙贝特Clinofibrate 克利贝特Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯Colestipol 考来替泊Divistyramine 地维烯胺Elastase 弹性酶Etophylline Clofibrate 益多酯Fenofibrate 非诺贝特Fluvastatin 氟伐他汀Gemfibrozil吉非贝齐Inositol Nicotinate 烟酸肌醇酯Lifibrate 利贝特Linoleic Acid 亚油酸Lovastatin 洛伐他汀Nicotinic Acid烟酸Pantethine 潘特生Polysaccharid Sulphate 藻酸双酯钠Pravastatin 普伐他汀Probucol 普罗布考rosuvastatin 罗伐他汀Simvastatin 辛伐他汀Vitamine E Nicotinate 维生素E烟酸酯溶栓药物Alteplase 阿替普酶AnisoylatedPlasminogen-Streptokinase Activator Complex 乙酰化纤溶酶原链激酶激活物复合物Defibrin 克栓酶desmoteplase 去氨普酶Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator 组织型纤溶酶原激活剂Recombinant Tissue -Type Plasminogen Activator 重组组织型纤溶酶激活剂Reteplase 瑞替普酶Single-chain Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator单链尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂Streptokinase 链激酶Urokinase 尿激酶抗凝血药物Anisindione 茴茚二酮Courmadin 华法林Heparing 肝素Hirudin 水蛭素Phenindione 苯茚二酮Low Molecular WeightHeparin 低分子肝素Warfarin 华法林抗血小板药物Abciximab 阿昔单抗Aspirin 阿斯匹林Cilostazol 西洛他唑Clopidogrel 氯吡格雷Dipyridamole 双嘧达莫Eptifibatide 埃替巴肽Lamifiban 拉米非班PGI2 prostacyclin 前列环素ProstaglandinE1 前列腺素E1Ticlopidine 噻氯匹啶Tirofiban 替罗非班心肌营养药物Adenosine Triphosphate三磷酸腺苷CoenzymeA辅酶ACoenzymeQ10 辅酶Q10Creatine phosphate 磷酸肌酸Folic Acid 叶酸Inosinum 肌苷L-carnitine 左-卡尼丁Magnesium Sulfate 硫酸镁Potassium Chloride 氯化钾Potassium MagnesiumAspartate 门冬氨酸钾镁Trimetazidine 曲美他嗪1,6-Fructose Diphosphate1.6-二磷酸果糖。
心内科常见用药知识
心内科常见用药知识心内科是内科学中的一个分支，主要针对心脏和血管系统的病理情况进行治疗和预防。
常见的心内科用药知识是心脏疾病治疗中的关键部分，因此，为便于患者和医生的学习和了解，本文将为大家分步骤阐述心内科常见用药知识。
一、降压药物1.1 ACEI类药物：ACEI全称为血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂，具有扩张血管的作用，可以减少心脏负荷并降低血压，是治疗高血压和心功能不全的主要药物之一。
此类药物包括能损类、离群素、卡托普利等。
1.2 ARB类药物：ARB全称为血管紧张素受体拮抗剂，它们是针对血管紧张素II受体的拮抗剂，在各种情况下均具有扩张血管的作用，可用于治疗高血压和心功能不全。
此类药物包括缬沙坦、厄贝沙坦、氯沙坦等。
1.3 受体阻滞剂：此类药物通常指β受体阻滞剂，可以抑制心脏的自律性和兴奋性，从而减缓心率并降低血压，是治疗高血压、心绞痛、心功能不全的主要药物之一，此类药物包括美托洛尔、阿罗洛尔等。
二、抗凝药物2.1 抗血小板药物：抗血小板药物主要用于预防血栓形成和心肌梗死等病症，常见的药物包括阿司匹林、氯吡格雷、替格瑞洛等。
2.2 抗凝药物：抗凝药物通常用于预防血栓形成和中风等症状，常见的药物包括华法林、利伐沙班、达比加群等。
三、心血管药物3.1 洋地黄类药物：洋地黄类药物是治疗心力衰竭的主要药物之一，它们可以增强心肌收缩力、改善心肌供血并促进尿液排泄，常见的药物包括毛花苷丙、毒毛地黄苷等。
3.2 降脂药物：降脂药物可有效降低胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平，是预防心血管疾病的主要药物之一，常见的药物包括辛伐他汀、普伐他汀等。
综上所述，以上是心内科常见的药物知识，但是并不是所有病人都需要全部这些用药的，具体使用以医生的具体诊断和治疗为准。
只有在医生的指导下，在正确使用下，才能达到更好的治疗效果，帮助患者尽快恢复健康。
心血管常用名词缩写和心血管常用药物英汉对照
心血管常用名词缩写和心血管常用药物英汉对照一、心血管常用缩写AA2 aortic second sound主动脉区第二音AA amino acid 氨基酸AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm 腹主动脉瘤Ab antibody 抗体ABE acute bacterial endocarditis 急性细菌性心内膜炎ABG arterial blood gases 动脉血气ABI ankle brachial index 踝肱指数ABP arterial blood pressure 动脉血压ABPM ambulatory blood pressure monitoring 动态血压监测AC alternating current 交流电AC aortic closure 动脉闭锁ACAT acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 胆固醇酰基转移酶ACE angiotensin converting enzyme 血管紧张素转化酶ACEI angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors 血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂ACG angiocardiography 心血管造影术ACh acetylcholine乙酰胆碱ACS acute coronary syndromes急性冠状动脉综合症ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素ADH antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素ADP adenosine diphosphate二磷酸腺苷AECG ambulatory electrocardiography动态心电图AEDs automatic external defibrillators 自动体外除颤器AF atrial fibrillation房颤AFL atrial flutter心房扑动AG atrial gallop 心房性奔马律AHA American Heart Association 美国心脏协会AHP apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚AI aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全AI aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣功能不全AI apical impulse 心尖搏动AICD automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator 埋藏式自动心脏复律除颤器AICDS automatic implanted cardioverter defibrillators自动植入式心脏复律除颤器AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 爱滋病AIVR Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律ALT alanine aminotransferase 丙氨酸氨基转移酶AMI acute myocardial imfarction急性心肌梗塞AML anterior mitral valve leaflet二尖瓣前叶ANA antinuclear antibody 抗核抗体ANCA antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies 抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体ANGII angiotensin II血管紧张素II ANOV A analysis of variance 方差分析ANP atrial natriuretic hormone 心房利钠激素ANP atrial natriuretic peptide心房利钠肽ANS autonomic nervous system自主神经系统Ao aorta主动脉AO opening of the atrioventricular valves 房室瓣张开AoP aortic pressure主动脉压力AP accessory pathway 旁路AP action potential 动作电位AP angina pectoris 心绞痛AP arterial pressure 动脉压APB atrial premature beat 房性早搏APC atrial premature complex 房性早搏APH apical hypertrophy 心尖部肥厚APA action potential amplitude 动作电位幅度APC activated protein C活化的蛋白CAPD action potential duration 动作电位时间apoA apolipoprotein A 载脂蛋白AapoB apolipoprotein B 载脂蛋白BaPPT actived partial thromboplastin time 激活的部分凝血活酶时间APSAC anisolysated plasminogen streptokinase activated complex苯甲氧酰纤溶酶原链激酶活化复合物AR aortic regurgitation主动脉瓣关闭不全AR alarm reaction 应激反应AR artificial respiration 人工呼吸ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome成人呼吸窘迫综合症Arg arginine 精氨酸ARP atrial refractory period心房不应期ARVD arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia致心律失常性右心室发育不良AS aortic stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄AS arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化ASCVD arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease 动脉粥样硬化性心血管病ASD atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损ASH asymmetric septal hypertrophy非对称性心室间隔肥厚ASHD arteriosclerotic heart disease 动脉硬化性心脏病ASO anti-streptolysin "O" 抗链球菌溶血素OASO arteriosclerosis obliterans 闭塞性动脉硬化AST aspartate aminotransferase天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶AT angiotensin Ⅱreceptor 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体AT atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速AT-Ⅲ：A antithrombin Ⅲactivity 抗凝血酶Ⅲ活性ATP adenosine triphosphate 三磷酸腺苷ATP antitachycardia pacing 抗心动过速起搏ATPase adenosinetriphosphatase 三磷酸腺苷酶A V,A-V atrioventricular 房室性的A VN atrioventricular node 房室结A VNRT atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia 房室结折返性心动过速A VO atrioventricular orifice 房室口A VP arginine vasopressin 精氨酸加压素A VR aortic valve replacement 主动脉瓣置换术A VRT atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia 房室交互性心动过速BBBB blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障BBB bundle branch block束支传导阻滞BBBB bilateral bundle branch block 双侧束支传导阻滞BBT basal body temperature 基础体温BDS biodegradable stents 生物可降解支架BFP biologic false-positive 生物学假阳性BLS basic life support 基础生命支持BMI body mass index 体质指数BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BNP brain natriuretic peptide 脑钠肽BUN blood urea nitrogen 尿素氮BP blood pressure血压BPV blood pressure variability 血压波动性BRF renal blood flow肾血流B.S. breath sounds 呼吸音B.S. blood sugar 血糖BSA body surface area体表面积BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮BV AD biventricular assist device 两心室辅助装置CCA cardiac arrest 心脏停搏CA coronary artery 冠状动脉CA catecholamine 儿茶酚胺C.A. circumflex coronary artery左回旋支冠状动脉CABG coronary artery bypass grafting冠状动脉旁路移植术CABS coronary artery bypass surgery 冠状动脉分流术CAD coronary artery disease冠状动脉疾病CAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate环磷酸腺苷CA VB complete atrioventricular block 完全房室传导阻滞CBC complete blood count 全血细胞计数CBF cerebral blood flow 脑血流量CC chief complaint 主诉CCPR cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation 心肺脑复苏CCU coronary care unit冠心病监护病房CCU critical care unit 危症监护病房CD curative dose 有效量,治疗量CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 疾病预防控制中心CEA carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原CEI cardiac effort index 心脏负荷指数CETP cholesteryl ester transfer protein胆固醇酯转移蛋白CF cardiac failure 心力衰竭CFR coronary flow reserve 冠状动脉血流储备cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate 环-磷酸鸟苷CHD coronary heart disease 冠心病CHF congestive heart failure充血性心力衰竭CHO Chinese hamster ovary (cell) 中国仓鼠卵巢细胞CI cardiac index心脏指数CIC circulating immune complex循环免疫复合物CIE counterimmunoelectrophoresis 对流免疫电泳CK creatine kinase 肌酸激酶CK-BB creatine kinase with brain subunits 肌酸激酶BB亚单位CK-MB creatine kinase-MB 肌酸激酶MB亚单位CK-MM creatine kinase with muscle subunits 肌酸激酶MM亚单位CM chylomicron 乳糜微粒CMLC cardiac myosin light chains心脏肌凝蛋白轻链CMT circus movement tachycardia环形运动性心动过速CNS central nervous system中枢神经系统CO cardiac output 心输出量CoA coenzyme A 辅酶ACOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease慢性阻塞性肺病CPB cardiopulmonary bypass 体外循环CPAP continuous positive airway pressure持续气道正压呼吸CPC clinicopathological conference 临床病历讨论会CPK creatine phosphokinase磷酸肌酸激酶CPK-MB MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase磷酸肌酸激酶同功酶MBCPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺复苏CRH corticotropin-releasing hormone促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素CRP C-reactive protein C反应蛋白CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy 心脏再同步治疗CS coronary sinus 冠状窦CSF colony-stimulating factor 集落刺激因子CSF cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液CSM carotid sinus massage 颈动脉窦按摩CSNRT corrected SNRT 校正的窦房结恢复时间CT clotting time 凝血时间CT computed Tomography计算机体层Ｘ线摄影CTA CT angiography CT血管造影cTnI cardiac troponin I 心肌肌钙蛋白IcTnT cardiac troponin T 心肌肌钙蛋白TCTO chronic total occlusion 慢性闭塞病变CV cardiovascular 心血管的CV A cerebrovascular accident脑血管意外CVD cardiovascular disease心血管疾病- 2 -CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压CVS cardiovascular system 心血管系统DDAD delayed afterdepolarization 延迟后去极化D.A.H disordered action of heart 心功能失调DBP diastolic blood pressure 舒张压DC direct-current 直流电DCM dilated cardiomyopathy 扩张性心脏病DHEA-S dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate硫酸脱氢异雄酮DHF diastolic heart failure 舒张性心力衰竭DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation弥漫性血管内凝血DL diffusion capacity 弥散量DM diabetes mellitus糖尿病DM diastolic murmur 舒张期杂音DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸DNR do not resuscitate 不复苏DOA dead on arrival 到达时已死亡DOC deoxycorticosterone 脱氧皮质酮DSA digital subtraction angiography 数字减影血管造影术dsDNA double-stranded DNA 双链脱氧核糖核酸DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid 二乙烯三胺五乙酸DVT deep venous thrombosis深静脉血栓形成EEAD early afterdepolarization 早期后除极EA VNC enhanced A-V nodal conduction 房室结加速传导EBV Epstein-Barr virus EB病毒ECC external chest compression 胸外心脏按压ECG electrocardiogram 心电图ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 体外循环膜氧合ECS electrocerebral silence 脑电静止ECS endocannabinoid system 内分泌大麻系统ED emergency department 急诊室ED effective dose 有效剂量EDCFs endothelium-derived constricting factor 内皮衍生的收缩因子EDHF endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor 内皮衍生超极化因子EDRF endothelium-derived relaxing factor 内皮衍生的松弛因子EDV end-diastolic volume舒张末期容积EERP extended endocardial resection procedure 心内膜伸展切除法EEV encircling endocardial ventriculotomy 心内膜面心室环切术EF ejection fraction射血分数EKG electrocardiogram 心电图ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 酶联免疫吸附试验EMD electromechanical dissociation电机械分离EMS emergency medical service 急救医疗服务ERBF effective renal blood flow 有效肾血流量EPS electrophysiology study电生理检查EPSP excitatory postsynaptic potential 兴奋性突触后电位ER endoplasmic reticulum 内质网ERBF effective renal blood flow 有效肾血流量ERP effective refractory period 有效适应期ERP endocardial resection procedure 心内膜切除术ERT estrogen replacement therapy 雌激素替代疗法ERV expiratory reserve volume 补呼气容积ES cells Embryonic stem cells胚胎干细胞ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate血细胞沉降率ESRD end-stage renal disease 终末期肾脏疾病ESV end-systolic volume收缩末期容积ET excitability threshold 兴奋性阈值ET endothelin 内皮素FFab fragment,antigen-binding 抗原结合片断FABP fatty acid binding protein 脂肪酸结合蛋白FBG fasting blood glucose 空腹血糖FDP fibrinogen degradation products 纤维蛋白原降解产物FEV1.0 forced expiratory volume in one second 第1秒用力呼气容积FFA free fatty acid 游离脂肪酸FGF fibroblast growth factor纤维母细胞生长因子FH familial hypercholesterolemia家族性高胆固醇血症FHC familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy家族性肥厚型心肌病FIO2 fraction of inspired oxygen吸入气氧分数FML flail mitral leaflet连枷样瓣叶FRC functional residual capacity 功能残气量FT3 free triiodothyronine 游离型T3FT4 free thyroxine 游离型甲状腺素FUO fever of undetermined origin 不明原因发热FVC forced vital capacity 用力肺活量GGAD glutamic acid decarboxylase 谷氨酸脱羧酶GAP GTPase-activating protein GTP酶活化蛋白GBM glomerular basement membrane 肾小球基底膜G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor粒细胞集落刺激因子GFR glomerular filtration rate肾小球滤过率GHb glycosylated hemoglobin 糖化血红蛋白GI gastrointestinal 胃肠的GIK glucose_insulin_potassium葡萄糖－胰岛素－钾（极化液）GITS the gastrointestinal therapeutic system胃肠道治疗系统- 3 -GMP guanosine monophosphate一磷酸鸟苷GPBB glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme糖原磷酸化酶同工酶BBGPT glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 谷丙转氨酶GTP guanosine triphosphate三磷酸鸟苷GTT glucose tolerance test 葡萄糖耐量试验HHA V hepatitis A virus 甲肝病毒Hb hemoglobin 血红蛋白HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c 糖化血红蛋白A1cHBcAg hepatitis B core antigen 乙肝核心抗原HBeAg hepatitis B e antigen 乙肝e抗原HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen 乙肝e抗原HBE His bundle electrogram希氏束电图HBV hepatitis B virus 乙肝病毒HbO2 oxyhemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白HCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥厚型心肌病HCT hematocrit 血细胞比容，红细胞压积HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇HERG Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene人类eag相关基因HF heart failure心力衰竭hFABP heart fatty acid binding protein心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白HIT heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 肝素导致的血小板减少症HIV human immunodeficiency virus人类免疫缺陷病毒HLHS hypoplastic left heart syndrome 左心发育不良综合征HMG-COA 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A３羟甲基戊二酰辅酶ＡHMWK high molecular weight kininogen 高分子量激肽原HOCM hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy 肥厚梗阻性心肌病HOP high oxygen pressure 高压氧HP haptoglobin 结合珠蛋白，触珠蛋白HPI history of the present illness 现病史HPS His-Purkinje system 希氏束-浦肯野系统HR heart rate心率HRV heart rate variability心率变异性HuIFN human interferon 人体干扰素IIAB intraaortic balloon 主动脉内气囊IABP intraaortic balloon pump主动脉内气囊泵IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator埋藏式心脏复律－除颤器ICU intensive care unit 重症监护病房IDD insulin-dependent diabetes 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein中间密度脂蛋白IE infective endocarditis感染性心内膜IFG impaired fasting glucose 空腹血糖调节受损IFN interferon 干扰素IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1 胰岛素样生长因子-1IGT impaired glucose tolerance 葡萄糖耐量降低IHD ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病IHR intrinsic heart rate固有心率IHSS idiopathic hypertrophy subaortic stenosis 特发性肥厚型主动脉瓣下狭窄IHUT isoproterenol-head-up tilt testing 异丙肾上腺素-倾斜试验IMA internal mammary artery内乳动脉INR international normalized ratio 国际标准化比值IPG impedance plethysmography阻抗容积描记法IPPB intermittent positive pressure breathing 间歇性正压呼吸IR insulin resistance胰岛素抵抗IRMS insulin resistance metabolic syndrome 胰岛素抵抗代谢综合征IRS insulin resistance syndrome 胰岛素抵抗综合征IRV inspiratory reserve volume 补吸气容积ISA intrinsic sympathomimetic activity内源性拟交感活性IU international unit 国际单位IV intravenously 静脉注射IVC inferior vena cava 下腔静脉IVP intravenous pyelography静脉肾盂造影IVRT isovolumic relaxation time 等容舒张时间IVS interventricular septum 室间隔IVST interventricular septal thickness 室间隔厚度IVUS intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声JJ joule 焦耳KKD Keshan disease 克山病LLA left arm左臂LA left atrium左心房LAD left anterior descending (coronary artery)冠状动脉左前降支LAD left axis deviation 电轴左偏]LADA latent autoimmune diabetes in adult 成人隐匿自身免疫糖尿病LAE left atrial enlargement 左心房扩大LAFB left anterior fascicular block 左前分支阻滞LAH left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞LAO left anterior oblique 左前斜位LAP left atrial pressure 左心房压力LAPB left anterior parietal block左前分支末梢阻滞- 4 -LATS long-acting thyroid stimulator 长效甲状腺刺激素LBBB left bundle branch block左束支传导阻滞LCA left coronary artery 左冠状动脉LCAT lecithin ：cholesterol acyltransferase卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶LCX left circumflex artery左冠状动脉回旋支LDH lactate dehydrogenase乳酸脱氢酶LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol低密度脂蛋白胆固醇LF left leg左腿LP(α) α-lipoprotein α脂蛋白LPFB left posterior fascicular block 左后分支阻滞LPH left posterior hemiblock 左后半阻滞LPL lipoprotein lipase 脂蛋白酯酶LQ-T1 long Q-T locus 1长Q－T位点1LQTS long QT syndrome长QT综合症LRL lower rate limit下限频率LV left ventricle左心室LV AD left ventricular assist device 左室辅助装置LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure 左室舒张末压LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume 左室舒张末容积LVET left ventricular ejection time左心室射血时间LVH left ventricular hypertrophy 左室肥厚LVMI left ventricular mass index 左室重量指数MMAF macrophage activating factor 巨噬细胞活化因子MAG3 mercaptoacetyltriglycine 巯基乙酰三甘氨酸MAO monoamine oxidase 单胺氧化酶MAOI monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制剂MAP mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压MAPK mitogen-actived protein kinase有丝分裂激活的蛋白激酶MAT multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速MBC minimum bactericidal concentration最小杀菌浓度MB-CK MB creatine kinase肌酸磷酸激酶MB亚单位MCE myocardial contrast echocardiography 心肌造影超声心动图MCF macrophage chemotactic factor 巨噬细胞趋化因子MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin 红细胞平均血红蛋白量MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度MCT mean circulation time 平均循环时间MCV mean corpuscular volume 平均红细胞容积MDF myocardial depressant factor 心肌抑制因子MDP maximum diastolic potential 最大舒张电位MEN multiple endocrine neoplasia多发性内分泌肿瘤METS multiple of basal metabolic oxygen consumption基础代谢氧消耗倍数MHC myosin heavy chain肌球蛋白重链MI myocardial imfarction心肌梗塞MIC minimum inhibitory concentration最小抑菌浓度MLC myosin light chain肌凝蛋白轻链MMD minor myocardial damage 微小心肌损伤MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 多脏器功能障碍综合征MPD maximum permissible dose 最大允许剂量MPS mononuclear phagocyte system 单核巨噬细胞系统MPS mucopolysaccharidosis 粘多糖（贮积）病MR mitral regurgitation二尖瓣关闭不全MRA magnetic resonance angiography 核磁共振血管造影MRI magnetic resonance imaging核磁共振显像mRNA messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸MS metabolic syndrome 代谢综合征MS mitral stenosis二尖瓣狭窄MSCT multi-slice computed tomography 多层螺旋CTMSCTCA MSCT coronary angiography 多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影MSL midsternal line 胸骨中线MV mitral valve 二尖瓣MVO2 myocardial oxygen requirements心肌需氧量MVP mitral valve prolapse二尖瓣脱垂MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气量NNBTE nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎NED no evidence of disease 无疾病证据NEFA nonesterified fatty acids 非酯型脂肪酸,游离脂肪酸NEP neutral endopeptidase中性内肽酶NIDD non-insulin-dependent diabetes 非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NMR nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振NO nitric oxide一氧化氮NPN nonprotein nitrogenNQWMI non-Q-wave myocardial infarction非Ｑ波心肌梗塞NSAIA nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic 非类固醇消炎止痛药NSAIDs nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs非甾族抗炎药物NSR normal sinus rhythm 正常窦律NTP normal temperature and pressure 正常体温与血压NVE native valve endocarditis 自身瓣膜心内膜炎NYHA New York Heart Association 纽约心脏协会OOMB obtuse marginal branch 钝缘支OR operating room 手术室OS opening snap开放拍击音- 5 -OSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征OTC over the counter 非处方药物OTD organ tolerance dose 器官耐受剂量(X线)PP2 pulmonic second sound 肺动脉第二心音PA posteroanterior 后前位的PA pulmonary artery 肺动脉PAC premature atrial complex 期前心房复合波PAF platelet-activating factor血小板激活因子PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1纤维蛋白酶原激活物抑制剂-1PAP plasmin-antiplasmin complex 纤溶酶抗纤溶酶复合物PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia 阵发性房性心动过速PAWP pulmonary artery wedge pressure 肺动脉楔压力PBA V percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术PBMV percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术PBPV percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty 经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术PC:A protein C activity 蛋白C活性PCG phonocardiogram 心音图PCI percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉介入干预Pco2 carbon dioxide partial pressure 二氧化碳分压力Pco2 carbon dioxide partial tension 二氧化碳分张力PCR polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应PCV packed cell volume 血细胞压积PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 肺毛细血管楔压PDA patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭PDA posterior descending coronary artery 冠脉后降支PDE phosphodiesterase磷酸二酯酶PDIs Phosphodiesterase inhibitors 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂PDGF platelet derived growth factor 血小板源生长因子PEA pulseless electrical activity 无脉性电活动PEEP positive endexpiratory pressure呼气末正压呼吸PES programmed electrical stimulation 程控电刺激PET positron emission-computed tomography正电子发射型计算机断层显像PF4 platelet factor 4 血小板第4因子PG prostaglandin 前列腺素PGI2 prostacyclin前列环素PICVI Percutaneous in situ coronary venous arterialization 经皮原位冠状静脉动脉化PJRT permanent junctional repciprocating tachycardia 持久性交界性交互心动过速PJT paroxysmal junctional tachycardia 阵发性交界性心动过速PKC protein kinase C蛋白激酶CPLAATO Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Transcatheter Occluder 经皮导管左心耳闭塞器PLS prolonged life support 延续生命支持PMI point of maximal impulse最强心尖搏动点PMVL posterior mitral valve leaflet二尖瓣后叶PMT pacemaker mediated tachycardia起搏器介入性心动过速PO2 oxygen partial pressure 氧分压力PO2 oxygen partial tension 氧分张力POCT point of care test 床旁检查PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 过氧化物酶体增生物活化受体PPD purified protein derivative (tuberculin) 精制蛋白衍化物（结核菌素）PR peripheral resistance 外周阻力PR pulmonic regurgitation肺动脉瓣关闭不全PRA plasma renin activity血浆肾素活性PRG phleborheography静脉血流描记法PS protein S 蛋白SPS pulmonic stenosis肺动脉瓣狭窄PS pulmonary stenosis肺动脉瓣狭窄PSM presystolic murmur 收缩前杂音PSVT paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 阵发性室上性心动过速PT prothrombin time凝血酶原时间PT pulmonary trunk肺动脉干PTA plasma thromboplastin 血浆凝血致活酶前质PTC plasma thromboplastin component 血浆凝血致活酶成分PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty经皮冠状动脉血管成形术Ptf P- wave terminal force 心房终末电压PTT partial thromboplastin time部分凝血活酶时间PUO pyrexia of unknown origin 原因不明的发热，无名热PVCs premature ventricular contractions室性早搏PVE prosthetic valve endocarditis人工瓣膜性心内膜炎PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力PVT polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 多形性室性心动过速PWT posterior wall thickness 后壁厚度QQMI Q_wave myocardial infarction Q波型心肌梗塞QTd Q-T dispersion Q－T离散度QTc corrected QT interval 校正的QT间期RRA right arm右臂RA right atrium右心房RAD right axis deviation 电轴右偏RAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system肾素－血管- 6 -紧张素－醛固酮系统RAE right atrial enlargement 右心房扩大RAO right anterior oblique 右前斜位RAS renin-angiotensin system 肾素-血管紧张素系统RBBB right bundle branch block右束支传导阻滞RBC red blood cell 红细胞RBC red blood (cell) count 红细胞计数RCA right coronary artery右冠状动脉RCM restrictive cardiomyopathy 限制性心肌病RCTs randomized controlled trials随机对照研究RES reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统RF rheumatoid factor 类风湿因子RFCA radiofrequency catheter ablation射频消融术RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism限制性片段长度多态性PHC Right-sided heart catheterization 右心导管检查RIST radioimmunosorbent test 放射免疫吸附试验RKY roentgenkymography X线记波照相术RNA ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸RNP ribonucleoprotein 核糖核酸蛋白ROM passive range of motion被动活动ROSC return of spontaneous circulation 自主循环恢复RPF renal plasma flow 肾血浆流量RPS renal pressor substance 肾加压物质RQ respiratory quotient 呼吸商rT3 reverse triiodothyronine 反三碘甲状腺原氨酸r-TPA recombinant tissue plasminogen activator重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活物RV residual capacity 残气量RV right ventricle右心室RV AD right ventricular assist device 右心室辅助装置RVH right ventricular hypertrophy右心室肥大RVI right ventricle infarction 右心室梗塞RVOT right ventricular outflow Tract右室流出道SS1 first heart sound第一心音S2 second heart sound第二心音S3 third heart sound第三心音S4 fourth heart sound第四心音SA sinoatrial 窦房的SACT sinoatrial conduction time 窦房传导时间SAB sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞SAECG signal averaged electrocardiogram信号叠加心电图SAH systemic arterial hypertension 体循环动脉高压SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage 蛛网膜下腔出血SAM systolic anterior motion（二尖瓣前叶）在收缩期前移SB sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓SBE subacute bacterial endocarditis 亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SBP systolic blood pressure 收缩压SBT serum bactericidal titer血清杀菌剂滴度SC closure of the semilunar valves 半月瓣关闭SC subcutaneous 皮下SCD sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死scu-PA single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator 单链尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物SD standard deviation 标准差SE stress echocardiography 负荷超声心动图SE standard error 标准误差SEC spontaneous echo contrast 自发性声学显影SFMC soluble fibrin monomer complex 可溶性纤维蛋白单体复合物SGOT glutamic oxaloacetic acid transferase血清谷草转氨酶SH sulfhydryl巯基SHR spontaneously hypertensive rat自发性高血压大鼠SHRSP strok-prone SHR具有中风倾向的自发性高血压大鼠SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome 全身炎症反应综合征SK streptokinase链激酶SL sublingual舌下SLE systemic lupus erythematosus系统性红斑狼疮SM systolic murmur 收缩期杂音SMBG self-monitoring blood glucose 自我监测血糖SMCS smooth muscle cells平滑肌细胞SMI silent myocardial ischemia无症状性心肌缺血SNRT sinus node recovery time窦房结恢复时间SNS sympathetic nervous system 交感神经系统SOB shortness of breath 呼吸短促SPECT single photon emission computed tomography单光子发射型计算机断层显像SQTS short Q-T syndrome 短Q-T 间期综合征SR sarcoplasmic reticulum肌浆内质网ssDNA single-stranded DNA 单链DNASSS sick sinus syndrome 病态窦房结综合症ST sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速STI systolic time intervals 心室收缩时间间期SUDS sudden unexplained death syndrome 不明原因猝死综合症SUNDS sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome 不明原因的夜间猝死综合症SV stroke volume每搏心输出量SVC superior vena cava 上腔静脉SVI stroke volume index 每搏量指数SVT supraventricular tachycardia 室上性心动过速SWI stroke work index 每搏作功指数T- 7 -Ta atrial repolarization 心房复极TABD triple acid-base disorders 三重性酸碱失衡TAT thrombin -antithrombin complex 凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物TC total cholesterol 总胆固醇Tc technetium 锝TDI tissue doppler imaging 组织多普勒成像TDP torsades de pointes尖端扭转性室性心动过速TEE transesophageal echocardiography经食道超声心动图TET treadmill exercise test 踏车运动试验TFPI tissue factor pathway inhibitor 组织因子途径抑制物TGA transposition of the great arteries 大动脉转位TGB thyroxine-binding globulin 甲状腺素结合球蛋白TGF-βtransforming growth factor-beta转化生长因子βTHAM tromethamine 三羟甲基氨基甲烷TIA transient ischemic attack 短暂性脑缺血发作TIMI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction心肌梗塞溶栓TLC total lung capacity 肺总量TM thrombomodulin 血栓调节蛋白TMLR transmyocardial laser revascularization 心肌再血管化TMST treadmill exercise test踏车运动试验TNF tumor necrosis factor 肿瘤坏死因子T-PA tissue-type plasminogen activator组织型纤溶酶原激活物TPP thrombus precussor protein 血栓前体蛋白TR tricuspid regurgitation 三尖瓣返流TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone 促甲状腺素释放激素TS tricuspid stenosis三尖瓣狭窄TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone促甲状腺素TT thrombin time 凝血酶时间TT thrombolytic therapy 溶栓治疗TTE transthoracic echocardiography经胸超声心动图TV tricuspid valve 三尖瓣TXA2 thromboxane A2 血栓烷A2TXB2 thromboxane B2 血栓烷B2UUA unstable angina 不稳定性心绞痛UCG ultrasound cardiogram 超声心动图UCM unclassified cardiomyopathies不定型的心肌病UK urokinase 尿激酶u-PA urokinase type plasminogen activator 尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物URL upper rate limit上限频率URTI upper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染US ultrasound 超声VV4R right precordial lead in V4 position右胸导联V4的位置V AD ventricular assist device 心室辅助装置VC vital capacity肺活量VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule 血管细胞粘附分子VCG vectorcardiogram心电向量图Vco2 carbon dioxide二氧化碳产量VDH valvular disease of the heart 心瓣膜病VE minute ventilation每分钟通气量VEDP ventricular end-diastolic pressure 心室舒张末压力VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor 血管内皮细胞生长因子VF ventricular fibrillation室颤VFT ventricular fibrillation threshold 室颤阈值VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein极低密度脂蛋白VLP ventricular late potential 心室晚电位VMA vanillylmandelic acid 香草扁桃酸V o2 peak oxygen consumption峰值氧耗V o2 respiratory oxygen uptake呼吸摄氧量VMA vanillylmandelic acid 3-甲氧基－4羟基苦杏仁酸VPBs ventricular premature beats室性早搏VPC ventricular premature complex 心室早搏复合波VPD ventricular premature depolarization 心室过早去极化VRP ventricular refractory period 心室不应期VSD ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损VT ventricular tachycardia室性心动过速VTE venous thromboembolism 静脉血栓栓塞VW vessel wall 血管壁vWF von willebrand factor 血管性血友病因子WWBC white blood cell 白细胞WBC white blood (cell) count 白细胞计数WHO world health organization 世界卫生组织α-MHC alpha-myosin heavy chainα－肌凝蛋白重链β-TG β-thromboglobulin β-血小板球蛋白2,3-DPG 2,3-diphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine ５－羟色胺123I MIBG iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine I123标记的间碘苄胍17-KS 17-ketosteroids 17-酮皮质类固醇17-OHCS 17-hydroxycorticosteroid 17-羟皮质类固醇18-OHD 18-hydroxycorticosterone 18-羟皮质酮24hUFC 24h urine free cortisol 24小时尿液游离皮质醇二、心血管常用药物英汉对照强心苷Cediland 西地兰Deslanoside 去乙酰毛花苷Digoxin 地高辛Digitalis 洋地黄叶Digitoxin 洋地黄毒苷Lanatoside 毛花苷丙，西地兰- 8 -Metildigoxin 甲地高辛Strophanthin K 毒毛旋花子苷K非强心苷类强心药物多巴胺及其同系物Denopamine 地诺帕明Dopamine 多巴胺Dopexamine 多培沙明Ibopamine 异波帕胺β-受体激动剂Dobutamine 多巴酚丁胺Prenalterol 普瑞特罗Xamoterol 扎莫特罗磷酸二酯酶抑制剂1.二氢吡啶衍生物Amrinone 氨力农Milrinone 米力农Vesnarinone 威那力农2.咪唑啉酮衍生物Enoximone 依诺昔酮Piroximone 皮诺昔酮3.钙增敏剂Pimobendan 匹莫苯其它治疗心功能不全药物Aminophylline 氨茶碱Meglumine cyclic adenylate 心先安利尿剂Acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺Amiloride 阿米洛利Bendrofluazide 苄氟噻嗪Bumetanide 丁苯氧酸Chlorothiazide 氯噻嗪Chlorthalidone 氯噻酮Cyclopenthiazide 环戊噻嗪Cyclothiazide 环己氯噻嗪Diucardin 氢氟噻嗪Ethacrynic Acid 依他尼酸Flumethiazide 氟噻嗪Furosemide 呋噻米Hydrochlorothiazide 氢氯噻嗪Indapamide 吲哒帕胺Methyclothiazide 甲氯噻嗪Polythiazide 多噻嗪Spironolactone 螺内酯Tienilic Acid 天尼酸Triamterene 氨苯蝶啶Trichlormethiazide 三氯甲噻嗪血管扩张剂Hydralazine 肼苯哒嗪Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油Phentolamine 酚妥拉明Sodium Nitroprusside 硝普钠β-受体阻断剂Acebutolol 醋丁洛尔Alprenolol 阿普洛尔Amosulalol 氨磺洛尔Arotinolol 阿罗洛尔Atenolol 阿替洛尔Befunolol 比凡洛尔Betaxolol 倍他洛尔Bevantolol 贝凡洛尔Bisoprolol 比索洛尔Bopindolol 波吲洛尔Bucumolol 布库洛尔Carvedilol 卡维地洛Celiprolol 西利洛尔Cetamolol 塞他洛尔Dilevalol 地来洛尔Esmolol 艾司洛尔Flestolol 氟司洛尔Labetalol 拉贝洛尔Metoprolol 美托洛尔Nadolol 纳多洛尔Penbutolol 喷布洛尔Propranolol 普萘洛尔Sotalol 索他洛尔Tilisolol 替索洛尔Timolol 噻吗洛尔钙离子拮抗剂Amlodipine 氨氯地平Anipamil 阿尼帕米Barnidipine 巴尼地平Benidipine 贝尼地平Darodipine 达罗地平Diltiazem 恬尔心Felodipine 非洛地平Gallopamil 盖洛帕米Isradipine 伊拉地平Lacidipine 拉西地平Lercanidipine 乐卡地平Manidipine 马尼地平Nicardipine 尼卡地平Nifedipine 硝苯地平Niludipine 尼鲁地平Nilvadipine 尼瓦地平Nimodipine 尼莫地平Nisoldipine 尼索地平Nitrendipine 尼群地平Tiapamil 泰尔帕米Verapamil 维拉帕米抗心律失常药物Ia类抗心律失常药物Disopyramide 丙吡胺Dihydroquinidine 双氢奎尼丁N-Acethlprocainamide N-乙酰普鲁卡因胺Procainamide 普鲁卡因胺Quinidine 奎尼丁Ib类抗心律失常药物Aprindine 安搏律定Lidocaine 利多卡因Mexiletine 美西律Phenytoin Sodium 苯妥英钠Tocainide 室安卡因Ic类抗心律失常药物Encainide 英卡胺Flecainide 氟卡胺Lorcainide 劳卡胺Moracizine 莫雷西嗪Propafenone 普罗帕酮Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物Amiodarone 胺碘酮Bretylium 溴苄胺Desethylamiodarone 脱乙基胺碘酮Dofetilide 多非利特Ibutilide 伊布利特Sotalol 索他洛尔Ⅳ类抗心律失常药物Bepridil 伯普地尔Verapamil 维拉帕米Diltiazem 恬尔心其它Adenosine 腺苷血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Alacepril 阿拉普利Benazepril 贝那普利Captopril 卡托普利Cilazapril 西拉普利Delapril 地拉普利Enalapril 依那普利Fosinopril 福辛普利Lisinopril 赖诺普利Imidapril 依达普利Perindopril 培哚普利Quinapril 喹那普利Ramipril 雷米普利Trandolapril 泉多普利血管紧张素受体拮抗剂Candesartan 坎地沙坦Irbesartan 伊贝沙坦Losartan 洛沙坦Olmesartan 奥美沙坦Telmisartan 替米沙坦Valsartan 维沙坦α-受体阻滞剂Alfuzosin 阿呋唑嗪Bunazosin 布那唑嗪Doxazosin 多沙唑嗪Phenoxybenzamine 酚苄明Phentolamine 酚妥拉明Prazosin 哌唑嗪Terazosin 特拉唑嗪Tolazoline 妥拉苏林Trimazosin 曲马唑嗪硝酸酯Amyl Nitris 亚硝酸异戊酯Isosorbide-5-mononitrate 单硝酸异山梨醇酯Isosorbide Dinitrate 消心痛Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油抗休克药物Adrenaline 肾上腺素Anisodamine Hydrobromide 氢溴酸山莨菪碱Aprotinin 抑肽酶Atropine 阿托品Chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪Copolamine Hydrobromide 氢溴酸东莨菪碱Dexamethasone 地塞米松Dextran40 低分子右旋糖酐Hydrocortisone 氢化考的松Isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素Mephentermine 恢压敏Metaraminol Bitartrate 重酒石酸间羟胺Methoxamine 甲氧胺Methylprednisolone 甲基泼尼松龙Naloxone 纳洛酮Norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素Pethidine 哌替啶Phenylephrine 苯肾上腺素Promethazine 异丙嗪调血脂药物Acipimox 阿西莫司Atorvastatin 阿托伐他汀Beclobrate 苄氯贝特Bezafibrate 苯扎贝特Cholestyramine 考来烯胺Ciprofibrate 环丙贝特Clinofibrate 克利贝特Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯Colestipol 考来替泊Divistyramine 地维烯胺Elastase 弹性酶Etophylline Clofibrate 益多酯。
心血管医学英语单词
心血管医学英语单词心力衰竭：Heart failure 心力衰竭Congestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭Acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭Chroinc heart failure 慢性心力衰竭Intractable heart failure 难治性心力衰竭Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭Cardiac dysfunction 心功能障碍心律失常：Arrhythmia （cardiac arrhythmia）心律失常Triggered activity 触发活动Afterdepolarization 后除极a.窦房结Sinus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time SACT 窦房传导时间Bradycardia 心动过缓Tachycardia 心动过速Sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓Sinus pause (sinus arrest) 窦性停搏（窦性静止）sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞（Mobitz 莫氏, Wenckebach 文氏）Sick sinus syndrome(SSS) 病(态)窦(房结)综合征Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征b.心房Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速Reentrant atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速Chaotic atrial tachycardia 紊乱性房性心动过速Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with A V block (PA T with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速Multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速Atrial flutter 心房扑动Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动c.房室交界区性Premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界区性期前收缩A V junctional escape beats 房室交界区性逸搏A V junctional rhythm 房室交界区性心律Nonparoxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia 非阵发性房室交界区性心动过速Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT)阵发性室上性心动过速Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia(A VNRT)房室结内折返性心动过速Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia(A VNRT)房室返性心动过速Preexcitation syndrome(Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome) 预激综合征（WPW综合征）d.心室Premature ventricular beats 室性期前收缩V entricular parasystole 室性并行心律V entricular tachycardia 室性心动过速Accelerated idioventricular rhythm 加速性心室自主节律Torsades de pointes 尖端扭转V entricular flutter 心室扑动V entricular fibrillation 心室颤动Atrioventricular block 房室传导阻滞Wenckebach block 文氏阻滞Adame-Strokes syndrom 阿－斯综合征Intraventricular block 室内传导阻滞Right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞Left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞Left anterior fascicular block 左前分支传导阻滞Left posterior fascicular block 左后分支传导阻滞Bifascicular block 双分支阻滞Trifascicular block 三分支阻滞心脏骤停与猝死sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) 无脉性电活动高血压：Hypertension 高血压Hypertensive urgencyes 高血压急症Hypertensive crisis 高血压危象Hypertensive emergencies 高血压危症Secondary hypertension 继发性高血压Primary hypertension 原发性高血压“White coat” hypertension 白大衣性高血压4Isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩期高血压Arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化先心病：Congenital heart disease 先天性心脏病Congenital cardiovascular disease 先天性心血管病Pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉狭窄Isolated pulmonic stenosis 单纯肺动脉口狭窄Coarctation of the aorta 主动脉缩窄Idiopathic dilatation of the pulmonary artery 单纯肺动脉扩张Primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压Persistent left superior vena cava 双侧上腔静脉（左上腔静脉残存）Isolated dextrocardia 孤立性右位心Atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage 部分性肺静脉畸形引流V entricular septal defect (VSD) 室间隔缺损Eisenmenger’s syndrome 艾森门格综合征Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)动脉导管未闭Tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症Trilogy of Fallot 法洛三联症Complete transposition of the great vessels 完全性大血管错位Atrial septal defect (ASD) 房间隔缺损心脏瓣膜病：Multivalve heart disease 多瓣膜疾病5Mitral valve disease 二尖瓣疾病Pulmonic valve disease 肺动脉瓣疾病Tricuspid valve disease 三尖瓣疾病Ebstein’s anomaly 三尖瓣下移畸形Dysfunction or rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调或断裂Aortic valve disease 主动脉瓣疾病Aortic arch syndrome 主动脉弓综合征V alvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病Rheumatic fever 风湿热Rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄Mitral incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全Acute mitral insufficiency 急性二尖瓣关闭不全Chronic mitral insufficiency 慢性二尖瓣关闭不全Marfan’s syndrom 马凡氏综合征Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄Aortic incompetence 主动脉瓣关闭不全Chronic aortic insufficiency 慢性主动脉瓣关闭不全Tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全Pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄Pulmonary incompetence 肺动脉瓣关闭不全冠心病：Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病Angina pectoris 心绞痛Stable angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛Unstable angina pectoris 不稳定心绞痛Initial onset angina pectoris 初发型心绞痛Accelerated angina pectoris 恶化型心绞痛V ariant angina pectoris (Prinzmetal’s variant angina pectoris)变异型心绞痛Angina decubitus 卧位心绞痛Acute coronary insufficiency 急性冠状动脉功能不全Postinfarction angina pectoris 梗塞后心绞痛Acute coronary syndrome(ACS) 急性冠脉综合征Myocardial infarction(MI) 心肌梗死Acute myocardial infarction(AMI) 急性心肌梗死Dysfunction of papillary muscle 乳头肌功能失调Rupture of papillary muscle 乳头肌断裂Rupture of the heart 心脏破裂Embolism 栓塞Cardiac aneurysm 心脏室壁瘤Postinfarction syndrome 心肌梗死后综合征Latent coronary heart disease 无症状型冠心病（隐性冠心病）Ischemic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病Sudden death 猝死感染性心内膜炎：Infective endocarditis (IE) 感染性心内膜炎Native valve endocarditis 自体瓣膜心内膜炎Prothetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜心内膜炎Endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers 静脉药瘾者心内膜炎Acute infective endocarditics(AIE) 急性感染性心内膜炎Subacute Infective endocarditis 亚急性感染性心内膜炎心肌疾病：Specific cardiomyopathy 特异性心肌病Viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy（HCM）肥厚性心肌病Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) 非对称性室间隔肥厚Restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM)限制性心肌病Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）扩张型心肌病Alcoholic cardiomyopathy 酒精性心肌病Peripartum cardiomyopathy 围生期心肌病Drug-induced cardiomyopathy 药物性心肌病Keshan disease (KD) 克山病Endemic cardiomyopathy (ECD) 地方性心肌病Cardiomyopathies 心肌疾病Myocardial bridging 心肌桥Myocarditis 心肌炎Right ventricular cardiomyopathy 右室心肌病Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC)致心律失常型右室心肌病Unclassified cardiomyopathies,UCM)心包疾病：Purulent pericarditis 化脓性心包炎Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎Tuberculous pericarditis 结核性心包炎Constrictive pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎血管疾病：Peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration 闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Primary arteritis of the aorta and its main branches 多发性大动脉炎Raynaud syndrome 雷诺综合征Pulness disease 无脉病Thromboangitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎Thrombophlebitis 血栓性静脉炎Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层其它疾病：Syndrome XCardiogenic shock 心原性休克Postpericardiostomy syndrome 心肌损伤后综合征Pulmonary embolism 肺动脉栓塞Syncope 晕厥Syphlitic cardiovascular disease 梅毒性心血管病Cardiovascular neurosis 心脏血管神经官能症药物V asodilator 血管扩张剂（phlebectasis 静脉扩张，arteriectasis 动脉扩张）Diuretic 利尿剂（thiazide diuretic 噻嗪类利尿剂；loop diuretic 袢利尿剂；potassium-sparing diuretics 保钾利尿剂）inotropic agent 正性肌力药（digitalis preparation 洋地黄制剂；adrenergic receptor stimulant 肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂；phosphodiesterase inhibitor 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor（ACE inhibitors）（ACEI）血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂Aldosterone antagonist 醛固酮拮抗剂Beta adrenergic receptor blocker （beta blockers）ß肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂Calc ium channel blocker（CCB）钙通道阻滞剂Angiotension Ⅱantagonist(Angiotension Ⅱreceptor blocker) 血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂Alpha blockers α1 受体阻滞剂Nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油Digoxin 地高辛Lanatoside C 西地兰10antiarrhythic drugs 抗心律失常药lidocaine 利多卡因Propafenone 普罗帕酮Amiodarone 胺碘酮调脂药降脂药HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂Nicotinic acid 烟酸Clofibrate 氯贝丁酯抗血小板药物溶栓药recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator ,rt-PA重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂抗凝药操作interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases 心血管病介入性治疗Holter ECG monitoring 动态心电图Ultrasound angioplasty 超声消融术Directional coronary atherectomy 定向旋切术High frequency rotational atherectomy 高频旋磨术Laser angioplasty 激光血管成形术Catheter ablation 心导管消融Radiofrequency catheter ablation 经导管射频消融Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV)经皮穿刺球囊二尖瓣成形术Percutaneous balloon pulmonic valvuloplasty(PBPV)经皮穿刺球囊肺动脉瓣成形术Percutaneous transluminal septial myocardial ablation,(PTSMA)经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术11Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) 经皮穿刺腔内冠状动脉成形术Percutaneous intracoronary stent implantation 经皮穿刺冠状动脉内支架安置术Transluminal Extraction catheter (TEC)经皮血管内切吸导管Artificial cardiac pacing 人工心脏起搏Multisite cardiac pacing 多部位心脏起搏Biatrial pacing 双心房起搏biventricular pacing 双心室起搏bifocal pacing 双灶起搏Heart transplantation 心脏移植Angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy 新鲜血栓吸引术Upright tilt-table testing 直立倾斜试验Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)置入型心律转复除颤器Thumpversion 捶击复律Cough-version 咳嗽复律Cardioversion 心脏电复律Defibrillation 心脏电除颤Revascularization 血管重建其它Hemolytic streptococcus 甲族乙型溶血性链球菌Antithymocyte globulin (A TG)抗胸腺细胞球蛋白V agus nerve 迷走神经,Brainstem death 脑干死亡12Brain death 脑死亡Myocardial remodeling 心肌重塑Hemodynamics 血液动力学Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)心钠素V asopressin 血管加压素,抗利尿激素Bradykinin 缓激肽Triggered activity 触发活动Afterdepolarization 后除极Late ventricular potential 心室晚电位Sinus node recovery time(SNRT) 窦房结恢复时间Sinoatrial conduction time(SACT) 窦房传导时间Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率Accessory atrioventricular pathways 房室旁路Atriohisian tracts 房希氏束Nodoventricular fibers 结-室纤维Fasciculoventricular fibers 分支室纤维Insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗V asodepressor response 血管减压反应Pulsus tardus 细迟脉Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) 最小抑菌浓度Systolic anterior motion(SAM) （二尖瓣前叶）收缩期前向运动Intermittent claudication 间歇性跛行。
心血管科常用英文缩写(二)
心血管科常用英文缩写IIAB intraaortic balloon 主动脉内气囊IABP intraaortic balloon pump 主动脉内气囊泵IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator 埋藏式心脏复律－除颤器ICU intensive care unit 重症监护病房IDD insulin-dependent diabetes 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein 中间密度脂蛋白IE infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜IFG impaired fasting glucose 空腹血糖调节受损IFN interferon 干扰素IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1 胰岛素样生长因子-1IGT impaired glucose tolerance 葡萄糖耐量降低IHD ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病IHR intrinsic heart rate 固有心率IHSS idiopathic hypertrophy subaortic stenosis 特发性肥厚型主动脉瓣下狭窄IHUT isoproterenol-head-up tilt testing 异丙肾上腺素-倾斜试验IMA internal mammary artery 内乳动脉INR international normalized ratio 国际标准化比值IPG impedance plethysmography 阻抗容积描记法IPPB intermittent positive pressure breathing 间歇性正压呼吸IR insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗IRMS insulin resistance metabolic syndrome 胰岛素抵抗代谢综合征IRS insulin resistance syndrome 胰岛素抵抗综合征IRV inspiratory reserve volume 补吸气容积ISA intrinsic sympathomimetic activity 内源性拟交感活性IU international unit 国际单位IV intravenously 静脉注射IVC inferior vena cava 下腔静脉IVP intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影IVRT isovolumic relaxation time 等容舒张时间IVS interventricular septum 室间隔IVST interventricular septal thickness 室间隔厚度IVUS intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声JJ joule 焦耳KKD Keshan disease 克山病LLA left arm 左臂LA left atrium 左心房LAD left anterior descending (coronary artery) 冠状动脉左前降支LAD left axis deviation 电轴左偏]LADA latent autoimmune diabetes in adult 成人隐匿自身免疫糖尿病LAE left atrial enlargement 左心房扩大LAFB left anterior fascicular block 左前分支阻滞LAH left anterior hemiblock 左前分支阻滞LAO left anterior oblique 左前斜位LAP left atrial pressure 左心房压力LAPB left anterior parietal block 左前分支末梢阻滞LATS long-acting thyroid stimulator 长效甲状腺刺激素LBBB left bundle branch block 左束支传导阻滞LCA left coronary artery 左冠状动脉LCAT lecithin ：cholesterol acyltransferase 卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶LCX left circumflex artery 左冠状动脉回旋支LDH lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇LF left leg 左腿LP(α) α-lipoprotein α脂蛋白LPFB left posterior fascicular block 左后分支阻滞LPH left posterior hemiblock 左后半阻滞LPL lipoprotein lipase 脂蛋白酯酶LQ-T1 long Q-T locus 1 长Q－T位点1LQTS long QT syndrome 长QT综合症LRL lower rate limit 下限频率LV left ventricle 左心室LVAD left ventricular assist device 左室辅助装置LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure 左室舒张末压LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume 左室舒张末容积LVET left ventricular ejection time 左心室射血时间LVH left ventricular hypertrophy 左室肥厚LVMI left ventricular mass index 左室重量指数MMAF macrophage activating factor 巨噬细胞活化因子MAG3 mercaptoacetyltriglycine 巯基乙酰三甘氨酸MAO monoamine oxidase 单胺氧化酶MAOI monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制剂MAP mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压MAPK mitogen-actived protein kinase 有丝分裂激活的蛋白激酶MAT multifocal atrial tachycardia 多源性房性心动过速MBC minimum bactericidal concentration 最小杀菌浓度MB-CK MB creatine kinase 肌酸磷酸激酶MB亚单位MCE myocardial contrast echocardiography 心肌造影超声心动图MCF macrophage chemotactic factor 巨噬细胞趋化因子MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin 红细胞平均血红蛋白量MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度MCT mean circulation time 平均循环时间MCV mean corpuscular volume 平均红细胞容积MDF myocardial depressant factor 心肌抑制因子MDP maximum diastolic potential 最大舒张电位MEN multiple endocrine neoplasia 多发性内分泌肿瘤METS multiple of basal metabolic oxygen consumption 基础代谢氧消耗倍数MHC myosin heavy chain 肌球蛋白重链MI myocardial imfarction 心肌梗塞MIC minimum inhibitory concentration 最小抑菌浓度MLC myosin light chain 肌凝蛋白轻链MMD minor myocardial damage 微小心肌损伤MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 多脏器功能障碍综合征MPD maximum permissible dose 最大允许剂量MPS mononuclear phagocyte system 单核巨噬细胞系统MPS mucopolysaccharidosis 粘多糖（贮积）病MR mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣关闭不全MRA magnetic resonance angiography 核磁共振血管造影MRI magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振显像mRNA messenger RNA 信使核糖核酸MS metabolic syndrome 代谢综合征MS mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄MSCT multi-slice computed tomography 多层螺旋CTMSCTCA MSCT coronary angiography 多层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影MSL midsternal line 胸骨中线MV mitral valve 二尖瓣MVO2 myocardial oxygen requirements 心肌需氧量MVP mitral valve prolapse 二尖瓣脱垂MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气量NNBTE nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎NED no evidence of disease 无疾病证据NEFA nonesterified fatty acids 非酯型脂肪酸游离脂肪酸NEP neutral endopeptidase 中性内肽酶NIDD non-insulin-dependent diabetes 非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病NMR nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振NO nitric oxide 一氧化氮NPN nonprotein nitrogenNQWMI non-Q-wave myocardial infarction 非Ｑ波心肌梗塞NSAIA nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic 非类固醇消炎止痛药NSAIDs nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs 非甾族抗炎药物NSR normal sinus rhythm 正常窦律NTP normal temperature and pressure 正常体温与血压NVE native valve endocarditis 自身瓣膜心内膜炎NYHA New York Heart Association 纽约心脏协会OOMB obtuse marginal branch 钝缘支OR operating room 手术室OS opening snap 开放拍击音OSAS obstructive sleep apnea syndrome 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征OTC over the counter 非处方药物OTD organ tolerance dose 器官耐受剂量(X线)PP2 pulmonic second sound 肺动脉第二心音PA posteroanterior 后前位的PA pulmonary artery 肺动脉PAC premature atrial complex 期前心房复合波PAF platelet-activating factor 血小板激活因子PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 纤维蛋白酶原激活物抑制剂-1 PAP plasmin-antiplasmin complex 纤溶酶抗纤溶酶复合物PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia 阵发性房性心动过速PAWP pulmonary artery wedge pressure 肺动脉楔压力PBAV percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty 经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术PBMV percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术PBPV percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty 经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术PC:A protein C activity 蛋白C活性PCG phonocardiogram 心音图PCI percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉介入干预Pco2 carbon dioxide partial pressure 二氧化碳分压力Pco2 carbon dioxide partial tension 二氧化碳分张力PCR polymerase chain reaction 聚合酶链反应PCV packed cell volume 血细胞压积PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 肺毛细血管楔压PDA patent ductus arteriosus 动脉导管未闭PDA posterior descending coronary artery 冠脉后降支PDE phosphodiesterase 磷酸二酯酶PDIs Phosphodiesterase inhibitors 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂PDGF platelet derived growth factor 血小板源生长因子PEA pulseless electrical activity 无脉性电活动PEEP positive endexpiratory pressure 呼气末正压呼吸PES programmed electrical stimulation 程控电刺激PET positron emission-computed tomography 正电子发射型计算机断层显像PF4 platelet factor 4 血小板第4因子PG prostaglandin 前列腺素PGI2 prostacyclin 前列环素PICVI Percutaneous in situ coronary venous arterialization 经皮原位冠状静脉动脉化PJRT permanent junctional repciprocating tachycardia 持久性交界性交互心动过速PJT paroxysmal junctional tachycardia 阵发性交界性心动过速PKC protein kinase C 蛋白激酶CPLAATO Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Transcatheter Occluder 经皮导管左心耳闭塞器PLS prolonged life support 延续生命支持PMI point of maximal impulse 最强心尖搏动点PMVL posterior mitral valve leaflet 二尖瓣后叶PMT pacemaker mediated tachycardia 起搏器介入性心动过速PO2 oxygen partial pressure 氧分压力PO2 oxygen partial tension 氧分张力POCT point of care test 床旁检查PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 过氧化物酶体增生物活化受体PPD purified protein derivative (tuberculin) 精制蛋白衍化物（结核菌素）PR peripheral resistance 外周阻力PR pulmonic regurgitation 肺动脉瓣关闭不全PRA plasma renin activity 血浆肾素活性PRG phleborheography 静脉血流描记法PS protein S 蛋白SPS pulmonic stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄PS pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉瓣狭窄PSM presystolic murmur 收缩前杂音PSVT paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 阵发性室上性心动过速PT prothrombin time 凝血酶原时间PT pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干PTA plasma thromboplastin 血浆凝血致活酶前质PTC plasma thromboplastin component 血浆凝血致活酶成分PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 经皮冠状动脉血管成形术Ptf P- wave terminal force 心房终末电压PTT partial thromboplastin time 部分凝血活酶时间PUO pyrexia of unknown origin 原因不明的发热，无名热PVCs premature ventricular contractions 室性早搏PVE prosthetic valve endocarditis 人工瓣膜性心内膜炎PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力PVT polymorphic ventricular tachycardia 多形性室性心动过速PWT posterior wall thickness 后壁厚度QQMI Q_wave myocardial infarction Q波型心肌梗塞QTd Q-T dispersion Q－T离散度QTc corrected QT interval 校正的QT间期RRA right arm 右臂RA right atrium 右心房RAD right axis deviation 电轴右偏RAAS renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 肾素－血管紧张素－醛固酮系统RAE right atrial enlargement 右心房扩大RAO right anterior oblique 右前斜位RAS renin-angiotensin system 肾素-血管紧张素系统RBBB right bundle branch block 右束支传导阻滞RBC red blood cell 红细胞RBC red blood (cell) count 红细胞计数RCA right coronary artery 右冠状动脉RCM restrictive cardiomyopathy 限制性心肌病RCTs randomized controlled trials 随机对照研究RES reticuloendothelial system 网状内皮系统RF rheumatoid factor 类风湿因子RFCA radiofrequency catheter ablation 射频消融术RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism 限制性片段长度多态性PHC Right-sided heart catheterization 右心导管检查RIST radioimmunosorbent test 放射免疫吸附试验RKY roentgenkymography X线记波照相术RNA ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸RNP ribonucleoprotein 核糖核酸蛋白ROM passive range of motion 被动活动ROSC return of spontaneous circulation 自主循环恢复RPF renal plasma flow 肾血浆流量RPS renal pressor substance 肾加压物质RQ respiratory quotient 呼吸商rT3 reverse triiodothyronine 反三碘甲状腺原氨酸r-TPA recombinant tissue plasminogen activator 重组的组织型纤溶酶原激活物RV residual capacity 残气量RV right ventricle 右心室RVAD right ventricular assist device 右心室辅助装置RVH right ventricular hypertrophy 右心室肥大RVI right ventricle infarction 右心室梗塞RVOT right ventricular outflow Tract 右室流出道SS1 first heart sound 第一心音S2 second heart sound 第二心音S3 third heart sound 第三心音S4 fourth heart sound 第四心音SA sinoatrial 窦房的SACT sinoatrial conduction time 窦房传导时间SAB sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞SAECG signal averaged electrocardiogram 信号叠加心电图SAH systemic arterial hypertension 体循环动脉高压SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage 蛛网膜下腔出血SAM systolic anterior motion （二尖瓣前叶）在收缩期前移SB sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓SBE subacute bacterial endocarditis 亚急性细菌性心内膜炎SBP systolic blood pressure 收缩压SBT serum bactericidal titer 血清杀菌剂滴度SC closure of the semilunar valves 半月瓣关闭SC subcutaneous 皮下SCD sudden cardiac death 心脏性猝死scu-PA single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator 单链尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物SD standard deviation 标准差SE stress echocardiography 负荷超声心动图SE standard error 标准误差SEC spontaneous echo contrast 自发性声学显影SFMC soluble fibrin monomer complex 可溶性纤维蛋白单体复合物SGOT glutamic oxaloacetic acid transferase 血清谷草转氨酶SH sulfhydryl 巯基SHR spontaneously hypertensive rat 自发性高血压大鼠SHRSP strok-prone SHR 具有中风倾向的自发性高血压大鼠SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome 全身炎症反应综合征SK streptokinase 链激酶SL sublingual 舌下SLE systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮SM systolic murmur 收缩期杂音SMBG self-monitoring blood glucose 自我监测血糖SMCS smooth muscle cells 平滑肌细胞SMI silent myocardial ischemia 无症状性心肌缺血SNRT sinus node recovery time 窦房结恢复时间SNS sympathetic nervous system 交感神经系统SOB shortness of breath 呼吸短促SPECT single photon emission computed tomography 单光子发射型计算机断层显像SQTS short Q-T syndrome 短 Q-T 间期综合征SR sarcoplasmic reticulum 肌浆内质网ssDNA single-stranded DNA 单链DNASSS sick sinus syndrome 病态窦房结综合症ST sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速STI systolic time intervals 心室收缩时间间期SUDS sudden unexplained death syndrome 不明原因猝死综合症SUNDS sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome 不明原因的夜间猝死综合症SV stroke volume 每搏心输出量SVC superior vena cava 上腔静脉SVI stroke volume index 每搏量指数SVT supraventricular tachycardia 室上性心动过速SWI stroke work index 每搏作功指数TTa atrial repolarization 心房复极TABD triple acid-base disorders 三重性酸碱失衡TAT thrombin -antithrombin complex 凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物TC total cholesterol 总胆固醇Tc technetium 锝TDI tissue doppler imaging 组织多普勒成像TDP torsades de pointes 尖端扭转性室性心动过速TEE transesophageal echocardiography 经食道超声心动图TET treadmill exercise test 踏车运动试验TFPI tissue factor pathway inhibitor 组织因子途径抑制物TGA transposition of the great arteries 大动脉转位TGB thyroxine-binding globulin 甲状腺素结合球蛋白TGF-β transforming growth factor-beta 转化生长因子βTHAM tromethamine 三羟甲基氨基甲烷TIA transient ischemic attack 短暂性脑缺血发作TIMI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞溶栓TLC total lung capacity 肺总量TM thrombomodulin 血栓调节蛋白TMLR transmyocardial laser revascularization 心肌再血管化TMST treadmill exercise test 踏车运动试验TNF tumor necrosis factor 肿瘤坏死因子T-PA tissue-type plasminogen activator 组织型纤溶酶原激活物TPP thrombus precussor protein 血栓前体蛋白TR tricuspid regurgitation 三尖瓣返流TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone 促甲状腺素释放激素TS tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狭窄TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺素TT thrombin time 凝血酶时间TT thrombolytic therapy 溶栓治疗TTE transthoracic echocardiography 经胸超声心动图TV tricuspid valve 三尖瓣TXA2 thromboxane A2 血栓烷A2TXB2 thromboxane B2 血栓烷B2UUA unstable angina 不稳定性心绞痛UCG ultrasound cardiogram 超声心动图UCM unclassified cardiomyopathies 不定型的心肌病UK urokinase 尿激酶u-PA urokinase type plasminogen activator 尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物URL upper rate limit 上限频率URTI upper respiratory tract infection 上呼吸道感染US ultrasound 超声VV4R right precordial lead in V4 position 右胸导联V4的位置VAD ventricular assist device 心室辅助装置VC vital capacity 肺活量VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule 血管细胞粘附分子VCG vectorcardiogram 心电向量图Vco2 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳产量VDH valvular disease of the heart 心瓣膜病VE minute ventilation 每分钟通气量VEDP ventricular end-diastolic pressure 心室舒张末压力VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor 血管内皮细胞生长因子VF ventricular fibrillation 室颤VFT ventricular fibrillation threshold 室颤阈值VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein 极低密度脂蛋白VLP ventricular late potential 心室晚电位VMA vanillylmandelic acid 香草扁桃酸Vo2 peak oxygen consumption 峰值氧耗Vo2 respiratory oxygen uptake 呼吸摄氧量VMA vanillylmandelic acid 3-甲氧基－4羟基苦杏仁酸VPBs ventricular premature beats 室性早搏VPC ventricular premature complex 心室早搏复合波VPD ventricular premature depolarization 心室过早去极化VRP ventricular refractory period 心室不应期VSD ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损VT ventricular tachycardia 室性心动过速VTE venous thromboembolism 静脉血栓栓塞VW vessel wall 血管壁vWF von willebrand factor 血管性血友病因子WWBC white blood cell 白细胞WBC white blood (cell) count 白细胞计数WHO world health organization 世界卫生组织α-MHC alpha-myosin heavy chain α－肌凝蛋白重链β-TG β-thromboglobulin β-血小板球蛋白23-DPG 23-diphosphoglycerate 23-二磷酸甘油酸5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine ５－羟色胺123I MIBG iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine I123标记的间碘苄胍17-KS 17-ketosteroids 17-酮皮质类固醇17-OHCS 17-hydroxycorticosteroid 17-羟皮质类固醇18-OHD 18-hydroxycorticosterone 18-羟皮质酮24hUFC 24h urine free cortisol 24小时尿液游离皮质醇。
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1、降压药
(1 ACEI :
(洛丁新贝拉普利 10mg*15片
(雅施达培哚普利片 4mg*10s
(依苏马来酸依那普利片 10mg*16
卡托普利片 25mg*100
(久保克依那普利氢氯噻嗪片 6.25mg*8(社保不报 (2 ARB (苏适厄贝沙坦片 0.15*7
氯沙坦钾(科索亚片 50mg*7
替米沙坦片(美卡素 80mg*7片
(代文结沙坦胶囊 80mg*7
颉沙坦(托平胶囊 80mg*7
(3 CCB
(拜新同硝苯地平控释片 30mg*7s
(波依定非洛地平缓释片 5mg*10s
(络活喜苯磺酸氨氯地平 5mg*7
尼莫地平薄膜包衣片 30mg*20
尼莫地平 20mg*50片
苯磺酸氨氯地平(压氏达片 5mg*14
硝苯地平缓释片 10mg*30s
硝苯地平片 10mg*100
(4 β受体阻滞剂
(倍他乐克美托洛尔 50mg*20片
(倍他乐克美托洛尔 25mg*20片盐酸普萘洛尔片 10mg*100 (康忻富马酸比索洛尔片 5mg*10 (5利尿剂
吲哒帕胺片 2.5mg*30 螺内酯片(氨体舒通 20mg*100 氢氯噻嗪片 25mg*100 (6 a 受体阻滞剂
盐酸哌唑嗪片 1mg*100片盐酸乌拉地尔(亚定宁注射液 25mg/支特拉唑嗪(高特灵片 2mg*28 2、调脂药
(1他汀类
阿乐(阿托伐他汀钙片 10mg*7 阿托伐他汀钙(立普妥片 10mg*7 阿托伐他汀钙(立普妥片 20mg*7 辛伐他汀(舒降之片 20mg*7 (2贝特类
(冠之柠非诺贝特咀嚼片 0.2*10 (耐复伦非诺贝特胶囊(∏ 0.2*10 3、抗血小板
(波立维硫酸氯吡格雷片 75mg*7片 (泰嘉氢氯吡格雷片 25mg*20 阿司匹林肠溶片(拜阿司匹灵 0.1g*30片
肠溶阿司匹林片 25mg*100
双嘧达莫(潘生丁片 25mg*100
奥扎格雷钠(罗奥注射剂 20mg
4、抗凝
华法林钠片 2.5mg*60
(法安明低分子肝素钠注射液 5000iu
5、溶栓
尿激酶 10万单位 /支, 150万单位 /次溶栓 6、抗心律失常普罗帕酮片 50mg*50
普罗帕酮注射液 35mg
盐酸维拉帕米片 40mg*30
盐酸异丙肾上腺素注射液 1mg/支
地尔硫卓(合贝爽注射液 10mg/10ml
地尔硫唑片(恬尔心 30mg*40
乙胺碘呋酮 150mg/支
7、活血化瘀
银杏达莫注射液 5ml/支
银杏叶注射液 10ml/支
疏血通注射液 2ml/支
血栓通注射液 150mg/支
8、心肌能量药
盐酸曲美他嗪片 20mg*30
9、抗心绞痛药
(德瑞宁单硝酸异山梨酯缓释胶 40mg*20 (索尼特单硝酸异山梨酯缓释胶
60mg*10 硝酸甘油片 0.5mg*100 硝酸甘油注射液 5mg/支 (异舒吉硝酸异山梨酯注射液 10mg*10ml 10、保护血管内皮,降低肺动脉压
阿魏酸哌嗪片 50mg*180 11、抗休克、升压药
去甲肾上腺素 2mg/支间羟胺 10mg/支肾上腺素 1mg/支异丙肾上腺素 1mg/支多巴胺 20mg/支多巴酚丁胺 20mg/支阿托品 1mg/支酚妥拉明 10mg/支 12、活血化瘀、改善循环
(舒血宁银杏叶注射液 5mL/支血栓通注射液 150mg/支复方丹参注射液 250mL/瓶疏血通注射液 2mL/支银杏达莫注射液 5mL/支银杏达莫注射液 10mL/支红花注射液 10mL/支
丹红注射液 10mL/支
香丹注射液 10mL/支
13、补气、益气
参脉注射液 20mL/支
生脉注射液 10mL/支
14、营养心肌中成药
芪参胶囊 0.5*30
通心络胶囊 0.26*100
参松养心胶囊 0.4*24
麝香保心丸 22.5mg*42
心元胶囊 0.3*20
心内科实习 ---2. 常用英文简称
来源:唐玉霞的日志
1.PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention经皮冠状动脉介入治疗
PTCA(Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty经皮冠状动脉腔内血管成形术
CABG(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patch Trial冠状动脉旁路移植术(也称作冠脉搭桥术
常常会遇到病人会问你, “ 医生,支架、搭桥和药物治疗哪个好??? ” 稍许有些复杂的问题。
PCI 、 PTCA 适合于有中等范围以上心肌缺血或存活心肌的证据 , 伴有前降支受累的单双支病变 , 能进行完全血管重建者 ;PCI 成功率高、手术风险低、再狭窄率低的病变 (如血管直径 > 2. 5mm 的短病变 ; 能够进行完全性血管重建的多支病变 ; 有外科手术禁忌证 , 或要经历非心脏大外科手术者 ; 急性冠状动脉综合征 , 尤其是 AMI 患者。
CABG 适合于 LVEF < 40 % 的多支病变 ,PCI 不能进行完全血管重建的患者 ; 糖尿病伴有多支弥漫病变 ; 左主干病变及前降支开口病变伴有多支病变 ; 无前壁心肌梗死患者前降支闭塞 , PCI 不能成功者。
手术指征和禁忌症美国心脏协会(AHA 的 Guideline 的手术适应征主要包括:①内科药物治疗不能缓解的心绞痛,而冠脉造影显示冠状动脉两支或两支以上的狭窄病变大于 70%;②左主干或左主干等同病变,由于容易致猝死,需尽快手术治疗;③急性心肌梗塞 6小时之内;④心梗并发症,如室壁瘤形成、室间隔穿孔、二尖瓣乳头肌断裂或功能失调; ⑤ PTCA 手术意外,需急诊CABG ;⑥ PTCA 术后症状再次出现,不能再次行 PTCA 者。
对于外科技术来说, 我们要求 " 犯罪血管 " (引起症状发作的主要狭窄血管狭窄以远的血管直径应大于 1毫米。
药物治疗适合于二级分支病变; 非前降支开口或近端的不能血管重建的单支病变; 无大面积心肌缺血证据者;病变狭窄<50 % 。
2.CRT(cardiac resynchronization therapy 心脏再同步化治疗利用双心室起搏改善心室收缩不同步。
CRT 在传统的双腔起搏的基础上增加了左室起搏，左室起搏电极经右房的冠状静脉窦开口，进入冠状静脉左室后壁侧壁支起搏左室，同时起搏右心室，通过多部位起搏恢复心室同步收缩，减少二尖瓣返流。
双心室同步起搏的概念在 1983 年由 De Teresa 在第七届全球心脏起搏研讨会上首次提出。
1998 年，Daubert 经冠状静脉植入左室起搏电极，使双室同步起搏成为现实。
2005 年公布的欧洲心脏病协会慢性心力衰竭治疗指南中，推荐 CRT 作为患者心衰治疗的 I 类指征。
适应证如下：QRS>=120ms，左室的射血分数 EF<=35%,NYHA 分级 III-IV 级心衰，充分药物治疗无效的患者。
2005 年 ACC/AHA 公布的成人慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南中，CRT 也作为治疗患者的 I 类指征。
适应征如下：经最佳治疗 LVEF<=35%, 心功能 NYHA 分级 III-IV 级，窦性节律的心脏失同步（目前定义为 QRS>0.12ms）病人行心脏再同步化治疗，除非有禁忌症。
CRT 能够改善患者的心功能，但在 CRT 治疗中，仍有 20-30％的患者对 CRT 治疗没有反应，也就是说，这些患者的临床症状并没有因为接受 CRT 治疗而得到改善。
3.ICD（implantable cardioverter defibrillator，ICD）植入型心律转复除颤器 ICD 具有支持性起搏和抗心动过速起搏、低能量心脏转复和高能量除颤等作用，能在几秒钟内识别病人的快速室性心律失常并能自动放电除颤，明显减少恶性室性心律失常的猝死发生率，挽救病人的生命，目前已成为治疗恶性室性心律失常最有效的方法。