专题01词、短语辨析高考题和高考模拟题英语分项版汇编Word版含解析
高考英语真题和模拟题专项训练01词类短语辨析(含解析)
词类、短语辨析1.（2021年全国甲卷语法填空）After 44.__________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45. __________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 47. _________ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 48. ________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly, you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 49. _____________ (watchtower) to take pictures or, just to watch the local people going about their 50. ___________ (day) routines.【答案】44. spending 45. better 47. but48, the 49. watchtowers 50. daily【解析】44. 考查非谓语动词。
After 介词后加doing形式，故填spending。
45. 考查形容词的词性转换。
根据句中“than” 可知，应该填写形容词的比较级的形式，故填better。
47. 考查连词。
此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃，后面能用。
2024_2025三年高考英语真题分项汇编专题01冠词名词
专题01 冠词、名词2024年高考真题1.（2024新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 答案：the解析：考查冠词。
句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。
故填the。
2．（2024全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。
句意：他的一位挚友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。
依据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个挚友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。
故填A。
3.（2024全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。
句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆实行了一系列活动。
特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。
故填the。
4.（2024年浙江 1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.答案：the解析：考查冠词。
高考英语真题分项解读：专题01 谓语动词真题汇编 (解析版)
专题01 谓语动词真题汇编（19-23）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.A．distribute B．distributedC．are distributed D．were distributed【答案】D【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。
分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。
故选D项。
2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.A．prepare B．preparesC．is preparing D．are preparing【答案】B【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。
2022-2023学年全国高中高考专题英语人教版高考模拟(含解析)
2022-2023学年全国高考专题英语高考模拟考试总分：106 分考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;卷I（选择题）一、单选题（本题共计 16 小题，每题 1 分，共计16分）1. We'll go camping tomorrow, ______.A.whatever the weatherB.however the weatherC.whatever is the weatherD.however is the weather2. He saved all the fish for his children and never tasted ______ himself.A.eachB.everyC.anyD.either3. Taking targeted measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty，_____has been predicted， is fruitful．（ ）A.whatB.whichC.asD.that4. At the weekends， I play computer games if I'm not busy _______. My dream is _______ my own IT company.（ ）A.studying， startingB.to study， startingC.studying， to startD.to study， to start5. The long﹣held belief _____ certain foods increase intelligence has turned out to be a disappointment．（ ）A.thatB.whetherC.whichD.why6. ﹣﹣I wonder why many people are hooked on Tik Tok， which has sucked so much of their invaluable timethat ___________ for other more meaningful things．﹣﹣You bet． Some videos are just ridiculous nonsense．（ ）A.could have been savedB.would be savedC.must have been savedD.should be saved7.—When did you return last Friday?—It was not until midnight ______ it was raining hard.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.before8. We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday ________ it rains or it's very cold．（ ）A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until9.We won't think of human clones and ______ any reason to suggest that we are closer to producing them today than we were yesterday.A.neither there isB.neither there wasC.nor is thereD.nor was there10. ___________ "eat more if you're losing weight" really means is that if you eat 5 to 6 small， healthy meals throughout the day， you will lose weight over time．（ ）A.WhichB.ThatC.WhatD.Whether11. Mrs White found her husband ________ by letters and papers and ________ very worried.A.surrounded; lookingB.surrounded; lookedC.surrounding; lookedD.surrounding; looking12. You can't have finished the book yesterday，_________？（ ）A.can youB.have youC.do youD.did you13. The winter holiday will begin soon. I hope John ______ to stay with us.A.will be comingesC.cameD.is coming14.I don't agree on everything that Trump says, but he's been ______ in his message about bringing manufacturing back to the United States, bringing the cash back to the United States.A.dynamicB.consistentpulsoryD.ambiguous15. The boy rushed to the bookstore, only ________ all the magazines had been sold out.A.toldB.tellingC.to be toldD.being told16. He risked ______ his job to see me off.A.losingB.to loseC.being lostD.lost卷II（非选择题）二、填空题（本题共计 5 小题，每题 5 分，共计25分）17. Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．How do the teachers feel with the boy's work atschool？They are （21）________ his workWhat does the woman think his son is worried about？She thinks he is worried about the money for （22）________．Why doesn't the boy want to go to university？Because he wants to become （23）________．What does the boy expect his future will be？He believes he will have （24）________．18.Business Studies CourseCourse start date June （16）________Course begin with Watching business （17）________Visitor's car park Beside the main （18）________Language class available（19）________ classFor further information Call Sonia（20）________19. 以下是几个国际节日的简要介绍：A．Wharfedale Festival of Performing Arts West Yorkshire，the United KingdomYoung people are invited to compete in this art festival with classes covering speech，guitar，dance，poetry and short story writing，and so on．The prev known history behind it，this well-attended competition is a kind of forerunner of popular television talent contests such as Pop Idol．B．Sydney Writers'Festival Sydney，AustraliaHeld at Sydney's Wharf 4/5，the annual Sydney Writers'Festival is the biggest literary event of its kind in Australia and one of the biggest book fairs in the w C．Flipside Festival SingaporeAs part of the Singapore Arts Festival Outreach Programme，Flipside aims to reach a much wider audience with three weeks of lively，fun street performan D．Hay Festival Hay on Wye，the United KingdomThe little market town，Hay，has a population of 1500and no fewer than 39bookshops．It bills itself as the world's first and most distinguished book town，E．Bergen International Festival Bergen，NorwayFounded in 1953，the Bergen International Festival presents an impressive cast of outstanding international artists in the fields of music，ballet，opera and F．Nuits Sonores Lyon，FranceHeld each May，this relatively new festival brings together some of the biggest club DJs from around the world．The focus is on electronic dance music，下面是几个人物的简要介绍，请匹配他们感兴趣的节日．46．Martin，a famous writer，likes to find as many chances as possible to attend literary events around the world．Martin hopes to make friends with edit ________47．Kelly is crazy about music，especially electronic dance music．She would like to go to a festival where she can enjoy different musical forms．She als ________48．As an outgoing girl，Victoria is very fond of performing arts．She hopes to take part in some performing art festivals to challenge and improve herself，________49．Simon is in search of a festival in North Europe with a long history where he can appreciate great international performing arts，especially ballet and op ________50．Chris is a university student who majors in music．He'd like to watch some local street music performances．He is also very interested in physical thea ________．20.Mobile TranslatorsNot that long ago， portable（便携的） translation devices were only commonplace in works of science fiction. Travelers who headed to foreign countries took dictionaries or phrasebooks with them. But now people can access instant translation services almost anywhere they go.Online translations are free， and when you use translation apps like Google Translate oriTranslate，sometimes you don't even have to look things up! Just point your phone's camera at some text，and a translation instantly appears. If you want to translate something being said aloud，just turn on your phone's microphone. Some apps even have a conversation mode where you take turns speaking with someone in a different language.Translation apps make foreign travel much easier than before. They are valuable when it comes to communicating with taxi drivers or hotel staff who don't speak your language. But these apps are far from perfect. Sometimes a translation makes no sense， and you can only guess what it mainly means. Other times， you might not know that the translation has failed until you try it on a native speaker.Although these apps are not perfect， you'll still feel surprised when considering what's happening underneath the app's surface. ________Translators use machine learning to compare millions of examples of human translated texts. That information helps the program reproduce more natural sounding translations based on real﹣world examples. People can flag incorrect or unhelpful translations and suggest better ones. This input is then used to make future translations better.With programs like Google Translate， it can be hard to get good translations for single words because most words have multiple meanings. It's better to try short sentences that provide context instead. But make the sentence straightforward. Anything too complicated or idiomatic will likely produce unusual results.As people continue to use translation services， translations will improve. One day you might not have to worry about a poor translation causing an embarrassing misunderstanding. But used wisely， they are still excellent aids for exploring and understanding the world around you.（1）How do the translation apps make foreign travel easier than before？________（2）Please explain the underlined sentence in your own words.________（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement， then underline it and explainwhy.Mobile translators use machine to process words， so the author worries about the efficient application of the translators in the future.________（4）Please briefly write out what benefits mobile translators bring to you. （about 40 words）________21. 被邀请来做评论，我深感荣幸。
专题01 词、短语辨析(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)(第02期)-2016届高三英语百
1.【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】If we go on using energy so wastefully, __________ are thatour oil wells will be dried up before new energy sources can be found to replace oil.A. chancesB. opportunitiesC. questionsD. problems【答案】A考点: 考查名词辨析2. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】All these documents must be the university youare applying for before December.A. donated toB. sent inC. submitted toD. handed in【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。
A. donated to把。
捐献给。
；B. sent in送；C. submitted to提交；D. handed in 上交。
句意：所有的文件都必须提交你所申请的学校。
根据语境可知选C项。
考点: 考查动词短语辨析3. 【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】The driver was at ___ loss when ____word came that he wasforbidden to drive for speeding.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; theD. /; /【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。
句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。
at a loss固定的搭配，意思是：困惑，不知所措。
另外，句中地word的意思是：消息，此时word用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词，故A正确。
考点：考查冠词4.【江苏省大丰市新丰中学2016届高三10月月考】When he realized the police had spotted him, the man ____the exit as quickly as possible.A. made offB. made forC. made outD. made up【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语：句意：当那人意识到警察已经看到他时，他迅速地向出口走去。
2022-2023学年全国高中高考专题英语人教版高考模拟(含解析)
2022-2023学年全国高考专题英语高考模拟考试总分：110 分考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;卷I（选择题）一、单选题（本题共计 15 小题，每题 1 分，共计15分）1. It's natural that a man can hardly ______a smile when he is informed of some good news．（ ）A.hold upB.hold backC.hold offD.hold on2. The sudden fire caused a in the cinema and the crowd all ran away in all directions.A.riskB.panicC.surveyD.surprise3.M: I'm sorry, Miss. But you have to come with me to the security office. The video cameras in our shop have recorded everything you did.W: No. No. I...I didn't do anything. I'll call the police if you dare insult me.What does the man think the woman was doing?mitting theft.B.Taking pictures.C.Window shopping.D.Posing for the camera.4. I was listening to the music ______ there was a knock at the door.A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.until5. They are thinking of buying the house _______the prices go up.（ ）A.whenB.afterC.asD.before6. ______ you have finished your report, you can have it ______ as soon as possible.A.For; printingB.Now; printedC.Now that; been printedD.Since; being printed7. When I moved into the new house, I felt that the happy life which I had been looking forward to ______ at last.ingB.having comeC.cameD.would come8. All flights ______ because of the snowstorm， many passengers could do nothing but take the train．（ ）A.cancelingB.to cancelC.having been canceledD.being canceled9. Dad ______ the USA in two weeks.A.left forB.leaves forC.is leaving forD.has left for10. What is known to us all is that the bacteria that live in the soil help to _______ our wastes．（ ）A.take downB.break downC.put downD.write down11.—I have an appointment with Jane.—Wait a moment. She ______ with her editor about her new book.A.is discussingB.will discussC.had discussedD.was discussing12. The mother was filled with anxiety ______ her daughter might be disabled by the accident．（ ）A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.which13. ______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here．（ ）A.Being attachedB.AttachedC.AttachingD.Having attached14. Wife: I really like the leading actress. She acted very well and the plot is very exciting. The backgroundmusic is also pleasant.Husband: Great minds think alike.What are the couple talking about?A.A film.B.A concert.C.A party.D.A fashion show.15. The professor suggested the problem ________ at once．（ ）A.referred to be solvedB.referred to solvingC.referred to was solvedD.referred to must be solved卷II（非选择题）二、填空题（本题共计 1 小题，共计15分）16. （15分） Yang Liwei is the first Chinese________（宇航员）tobesentup into space.三、完形填空（本题共计 1 小题，共计20分）17.(20分)It was Christmas in 1961. I was teaching in a small town where my twenty-seven third graders eagerly（1）______ the great day of gift-giving in advance.Each day the children produced some new（2）______—strings of popcorn, handmade trinkets and German bell. Through it all she remained alone,（3）______ from a distance, seemingly miles away. I wondered what（4）______ happen to this quiet child, once so happy, now suddenly so withdrawn. I hoped the festivities would（5）______ her. But nothing did. The students made the fried marbles and competed with one anther to bring the（6）______ ones.The day of gift-giving finally came. We cheered over our handiwork as the presents were（7）______. All along, she sat quietly watching. To see her smile, I had made a special bag for her. She opened it so slowly and carefully. I waited but she（8）______. I had not passed through the wall of isolation shehad（9）______ around herself.After school, I sat down in a chair, hardly（10）______ of what was happening, when she came to me with outstretched hands, bearing a small white box, and slightly soiled,（11）______ it had been held many times by（12）______ childish hands. She said nothing. "For me?" I asked. She didn't say a word,but（13）______ her head, I took the box and cautiously opened it. There inside, glistening green, a fried marble（14）______ from a golden chain. Then I looked into that eight-year–old（15）______ and saw the question in her dark brown eyes. In a flash, I knew—she had（16）______ it for her mother, who had died just three weeks before and would never hold her or brush her hair or（17）______ her childish joys or sorrows.I meant it when I whispered, "Oh, Maria, it is so beautiful. Your mother would（18）______ it." Neither of us could stop the（19）______. She threw herself into my arms and we wept together. And for that brief moment, I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest（20）______ of all: her trust and love.（1）A.preparedB.reservedC.expectedD.waited（2）A.fanciesB.impressionsC.wondersD.possessions（3）A.seeingB.playingC.searchingD.watching（4）A.wouldB.shouldC.mustD.needed（5）A.attend toB.appeal toC.listen toD.object to（6）C.heaviestD.naughtiest（7）A.transformedrmedC.exchangedD.deserted（8）A.gave awayB.threw awayC.carried awayD.turned away（9）A.builtB.adjustedC.offeredD.filled（10）A.afraidB.awareC.contentD.fond（11）C.as thoughD.even if（12）A.untouchedB.unknownC.unwashedD.unpacked（13）A.noddedB.raisedC.droppedD.turned（14）A.protectedB.hungC.heldD.escaped（15）A.faceB.cheekC.hairD.forehead（16）B.exchangedC.madeD.stole（17）A.appreciateB.enjoymunicateD.share（18）A.loveB.benefitC.dislikeD.need（19）ughB.excitementC.tearsD.description（20）A.joyB.identityC.contributionD.gift四、阅读理解（本题共计 3 小题，每题 10 分，共计30分）18.Airline travel causes roughly 2%—3％ of the pollution that makes the greenhouse effect worse. Airplanes powered by a very common gas called hydrogen（氢）could change all of that. Last Thursday, a company called ZeroAvia made a successful test flight of what it calls the "largest hydrogen-powered aircraft in the world". Many companies are working on hydrogen-powered vehicles, but ZeroAvia's test flight used aplane that can seat 6 people—the largest hydrogen powered plane ever flown. ZeroAvia made a similar flight in June, but that one was battery-powered.Hydrogen can be used to power vehicles by combining it with oxygen in a "fuel cell", which is like a battery that never runs out as long as it has hydrogen. The chemical reaction which takes place between hydrogen and oxygen in a fuel cell creates electricity, but doesn't give off any pollution—only water. Thursday's flight was an important step in the company's HyFlyer project. The company is hoping to make it possible for airlines to carry small numbers of passengers for short distances without polluting. The company's next big goal is to make a longer flight—of about 465 kilometers or more—by the end of the year. ZeroAvia believes passengers could actually be flying on hydrogen-powered airplanes by 2023.Another company called Gravity Industries put on a test of its jet suit recently to show how it could help emergency medical workers reach injured people quickly. The jet suit is powered by small jets on each arm and one on the back. By pointing the jets at the ground, the pilot can take off. Returning to the ground is just a matter of pointing both arms out to the side. Richard Browning, the suit's inventor, flew up a mountain to find some people who were pretending to be hurt（for the test）. To reach the spot by climbing the mountain would have taken 25 minutes. Mr. Browning was able to cover the same distance in just 90 seconds. One problem? The cost. The suit sells for about $440,000.（1）Compared with similar ones, what advantage does ZeroAvia's aircraft have?A.It has its own fuel cell.B.It flies faster and longer.C.It can be battery powered.D.It can contain more people.（2）What is ZeroAvia's opinion about its hydrogen-powered aircraft?A.It'll be more costly than ever.B.It'll be available for real soon.C.It'll rid the greenhouse effect.D.It'll get jet suits more popular.（3）Which aspect of the jet suit does paragraph 3 mainly focus on?A.How it helps people land.B.How it was tested.C.How it was invented.D.How it saves people's lives.（4）What is the suitable title for the text?A.New Flying Inventions Take offpanies Develop New PlanesC.Flying Fuel Cells Are Used WidelyD.Jet Suits Are on ZeroAvia's Planes（4）Which can be the best title for ihe passage?A.Lucky RunnerB.Pair of "Nike" ShoesC.Creative BrandD.An Eye-catching GameD.teachers' knowledge or experience will be enriched五、书面表达（本题共计 1 小题，共计30分）21. （30分）对于高三的学生来说，时间管理无疑是至关重要的。
专题01 词类、短语辨析-2022年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编(解析版)
专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）...Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation held in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.64.【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。
高考英语真题分类汇编专题01词、短语辨析(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)(含解析)
专题1词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2016·江苏】24. ________ —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。
名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt 收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。
根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。
考点：考查名词辨析2.【2016·江苏】25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.A.approachB. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate【答案】C考点：考查动词词义辨析3.【2016·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.A.fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。
短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。
根据句意可知B正确。
考点：考查动词短语辨析4.【2016·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statements of how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD. arbitrary【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。
专题01+词、短语辨析(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)-2017年高考题和高考题英语分项版汇编含解析
2017年高考试题及模拟题分项解析之专题1 词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）形容词1．Only five years after Steve Jobs' death, smartphones defeated ________PCs in sales.A．controversial B．contradictoryC．confidential D．conventional2． The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But ________explanations are hard to find.A．alternative B．aggressiveC．ambiguous D．apparentA 考查形容词辨析。
alternative“可供选择的”，符合句意。
aggressive好斗的，有进取心的；ambiguous模糊不清的；apparent显然的。
句意：恐龙的消失并不一定是由天文事件引起的。
但是很难找到可供选择的解释。
4．—I want to see Mr White. We have an appointment.—I'm sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn't ended.A．busy B．activeC．concerned D．availableD 考查形容词。
根据回答“…for the meeting hasn't ended.”可知怀特先生现在没空，故选D 项。
available可表示“(人)有空的”。
busy忙碌的；active活跃的；concerned担忧的。
句意：“我想见怀特先生。
我们有一个约定。
专题01 词类、短语辨析 -通用最新的高考真题和模拟题分项汇编英语含答案
2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority 优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。
句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
A. in effect 实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。
故选A。
3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。
专题01 词、短语辨析(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词)高考模拟题英语分项版汇编 Word版含解析
2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）2018年高考词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2018·北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appoint ment _________ next Wednesday afternoon. A. for B. on C. in D. at【答案】A【解析】考查介词。
句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。
——早上好。
我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。
make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。
点睛：make an appointment with sb.和某人预约；make an appointment for为……预约。
2.【2018·天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random【答案】B点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。
对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。
考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
3.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
2024年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编：专题01 词类、短语辨析(解析版) (全国通用)
专题01 词类、短语辨析养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
2024年高考真题1.【新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ___engineering___ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).57.【答案】functional【解析】考查形容词。
句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。
空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。
故填functional。
2.【新课标Ⅰ卷】In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.59.【答案】closed【解析】考查形容词。
句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。
空处用于stays 之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。
故填closed。
3.【新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____walks____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time.61.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。
专题01 词类、短语辨析-2020年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编(解析版).doc
2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题01词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2020年高考真题1.（2020 •新课标I 卷语法填空）Landing on the moon^ far side is 62 （extreme） challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。
句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。
空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme 的副词形式，故填extremelyo2.（2020 噺课标I 卷语法填空）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 （interesting） to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters （环形山），more so 65 the familiar near side.64.［答案】interest【解析】考查名词。
句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。
根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词‘interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.®；为“（某物）使某人感兴趣”。
故填interest o65.【答案】than【解析】考查介词。
句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。
根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than,表示“比......... 更”。
故填than。
3.（2020 •新课标I 卷语法填空）Data about the moon^ composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 （it） plans for a future lunar （月球的）base are practical.69.【答案】much【解析】考查形容词。
2022-2023学年全国高中高考专题英语人教版高考模拟(含解析)
2022-2023学年全国高考专题英语高考模拟考试总分：148 分考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;卷I（选择题）一、单选题（本题共计 5 小题，每题 3 分，共计15分）1. What can we learn from the conversationA.The woman thought the tickets would be available soon．B.The woman thought there were no tickets left．C.The audience were deeply impressed by the concert．2. What are the speakers mainly talking about？A.Children's health．B.Normal hobbies．C.Their son's bedtime．3. What does the woman probably doA.A desk clerk．B.A doctor．C.A teacher．4. How will the two speakers go to the West HillA.By bus．B.By bike．C.By train．5. Where is Julia from？A.Spain．B.The USA．C.Italy．二、多选题（本题共计 5 小题，每题 3 分，共计15分）6. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题．13．What is the relationship between the speakers？A.Friends．B.Husband and wife．C.Brother and sister．14．What are the speakers doing？A．Watching a game．B．Having a baseball class．C．Practicing baseball with Jimmy．15．What does the woman say about the coach？A．He takes it easy on the players．B．He used to be a great player．C．He usually does a good job．16．How does Jimmy perform today？A．Very well．B．Just so-so．C．Terribly．7. 听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题．10．What does the man want to order at first？A.Bacon and eggs．B.A coffee and a cheeseburger．C.Some potatoes．11．Why isn't the full menu available？A．Because it's before noon．B．Because one of the cooks is sick．C．Because they don't serve lunch there anymore．12．How much change（零钱） does the woman give the man？A．﹩2.50．B．﹩6.50．C.$3.50．8. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题．6．Why can't the man help the woman？A.He is having a break．B.He isn't happy．C.He is quite busy．7．What will the woman do？A．Meet Alan．B．Have lunch．C．Do a report．9. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题10．Why does the woman make the call？A.To book a hotel roomB.To ask about the room serviceC.To make changes for a reservation11．When will the women arrive at the hotel？A．On September 15 B．On September 16 C．On September 2312．How much will the woman pay her room per night？A．﹩179 B．﹩199 C．﹩219．10. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．17．According to the speaker，how will students feel about the university life at its beginning？A.Excited and fearful．B.Excited and tired．C.Excited and anxious．18．What will help the students to become clear about their own goals？A．Walking around the university．B．Understanding the university requirements．C．Getting used to university life．19．Why does the speaker advise the students not to give up learning？A．Because learning can help them understand their own value．B．Because learning can help them improve their life．C．Because learning can help them get university degrees．20．According to the speaker，what is the most important for the new students？A．Fields of learning．B．Results of learning．C．Ways of learning．卷II（非选择题）三、完形填空（本题共计 1 小题，共计30分）11.(30分)Last weekend, I had an opportunity to serve as a volunteer at a nursing home in another city. I don't have a car, and even the（1）______ train station is far away from my house.（2）______, I wasn't sure how to get there.I posted a (n)（3）______ for a ride on the ride share board. Soon an individual I'd nevermet（4）______ that he'd be able to pick me up and drop me off at the station. He said he'd wait until my train arrived（5）______ he drove away. My heart（6）______ and the stress I'd been feeling disappeared（7）______ and thus our friendship began.I ended up arriving at the nursing home in（8）______. The tiny team of servers therewere（9）______ for the additional help. We all worked together as a team. I was glad to be a part of this and be of（10）______ to the elderly.That evening when my new（11）______ dropped me off at the station, he（12）______ that it was in a deserted area. So he parked his car and said. "We will wait for the（13）______ to come together." I couldn't believe is his（14）______.With five minutes left before the train arrived, he（15）______ with me stories of his childhood. As a young boy, he（16）______ to sit near the edge of the train tracks, waiting（17）_______ for the trains to rush by with all their force. That night he waited with me as my train（18）______. It didn't rush by with full force but I left that station（19）_______ the full force of his kindness and generosity. People like him would always（20）______ me how to love and how to give.（1）A.closestrgestC.besttest（2）A.HoweverB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Otherwise（3）A.excuseB.requestC.preferenceD.charge（4）A.rememberedB.jokedC.repliedD.pretended（5）A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since（6）C.sankD.warmed（7）A.recentlyB.graduallyC.immediatelyD.slowly（8）A.timeB.returnC.orderD.turn（9）A.responsibleB.regretfulC.gratefulD.sorry（10）A.interestB.curiosityC.hopeD.service（11）C.neighborD.clerk（12）A.admittedB.noticedC.heardD.intended（13）A.taxiB.busC.trainD.car（14）A.braveryB.kindnessC.courageD.confidence（15）A.arguedparedC.discussedD.shared（16）B.hadedD.decided（17）A.unwillinglyB.excitedlyC.proudlyD.embarrassedly（18）A.cameB.passedC.stoppedD.started（19）A.doubtingB.feelingC.ignoringD.wondering（20）A.warnB.promiseC.expectD.remind四、阅读理解（本题共计 5 小题，共计53分）12.(12分)The sun appears to experience far fewer changes in brightness and intensity than other stars like it. Researchers reported last week on their examination of 369 stars. They compared each one to the sun in terms of surface temperature, size and rotation. They found that on average, the other stars had five times more brightness variability than our sun.The lead author was Timo Reinhold, an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany. He told the Reuters news agency that the variability in brightness results from dark spots on the surface of the star moving in and out of view."A direct measure of solar activity is the number of sunspots on the surface," Reinhold said. "Finding such stars with very similar parameters as our sun but being five times more variable was surprising."The sun—made up mainly of hydrogen and helium—is an average-sized star that formed more than 4.5 billion years ago. It stretches about 1.4 million kilometers across and has a surface temperature of 5,500 degrees Celsius.The researchers compared scientific data on the similar stars to historical records of the sun's activity. The records included about 400 years of observational data on sunspots. The researchers also studied about 9,000 years of data based on chemical element variants in tree rings and ice buildup tied to solar activity. These records show the sun has not been much more active than it is now.The researchers said increased magnetic activity related to sunspots can lead to electromagnetic events that affect Earth. For example, large releases of plasma—a collection of charged particles—from outer areas of the sun's atmosphere could cause problems for satellites and other communications equipment.The discovery may be good news for life on Earth. A much more active sun might have had more major effects on Earth's geology and ancient climate. "A 'too active' star would definitively change the conditions for life on the planet, so living with a quite boring star is not the worst option," Reinhold said.The findings, he noted, do not rule out the possibility that the sun may be in a quiet period and could become more variable in the future. However, the researchers say there are no signs that solar activity will be increasing any time soon.（1）According to Timo Reinhold, what causes the variability in brightness of the sun?A.Hydrogen and helium in the sun.B.The surface temperature of the sun.C.The diameter（直径）of the sun.D.Dark spots on its outer part.（2）Which of the following helped researchers prove the sun's inactivity?A.Scientific data of all the other stars.B.Data of sunspots observed in the past 400 years.C.9,000 years of data of the activities of the sun.D.Data of chemical element variants in icy trees.（3）What will probably happen if the sun becomes very active?A.There will be a decreased magnetic activity.B.The geology and climate of the Earth will be different.C.Satellites and other communications equipment will work better.D.People on the Earth have to live with the quite boring star.（4）What is the best title of this article?A.The sun: less active than similar starsB.The sun: less bright and intense than beforeC.Sun spots: a direct measure of solar activityD.Sun spots: the cause of electromagnetic events on Earth13.(12分)Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?To revive（复兴）literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of short form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers（分发机）in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the company and placed a dispenser at his Café Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport."Everything old is new again," said Andrew Nurkin, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one of the libraries that set up the dispensers. "We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity."Here's how a dispenser works: It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed. The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition's judges, and transmitted over a mobile network. Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children's fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its category by holding writing contests.Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. "The idea is to make people happy," said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition, "There is too much unhappiness today."（1）What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?A.They are expensive.B.They are short in form.C.They can be read on smartphones.D.They are mainly taken from magazine literature.（2）Where can you find the popularity of story dispensers in America?A.In paragraph 3.B.In paragraph 4.C.In paragraph 5.D.In paragraph 6.（3）Which is the main purpose of setting up the dispensers according to Andrew Nurkin?A.To make people have access to literature.B.To get rid of people's smartphone addiction.C.To reduce the financial stress of libraries.D.To advertise the network literature.（4）What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading: a Virtual TourB.Short Edition, a French PublisherC.Everything Old Will Be Popular AgainD.Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button（2）What can we learn about Paige's father?A.He looked proud to have fought against a shark.B.He was brave enough to have saved his daughter.C.He was too careless to watch out for his daughter.D.He defeated the big shark with other people's help.（3）What does the sentence underlined in paragraph 5 probably mean?A.Paige felt relieved.B.Paige was quiet and pure.C.Paige behaved calmly.D.Paige was as dull as water.（4）After the first surgery, Paige surprised all by ______.A.the wide support she got from survivorsB.the encouragement she gave to amputeesC.her quick recovery from the severe injuryD.her positive attitude towards her situation15.(12分)Conch "Island" isn't technically an island, but a mountain of conch（海螺）shells thrown by fishermen in the same place over thousands of years.Located just east of Anegada, the second largest of the British Virgin Islands, in the Caribbean,Conch Island is both a wonderful tourist attraction and an evidence to the popularity of conch meat in this part of the world. For thousands of years, local fishermen have been diving in the shallow waters on this side of Anegada in search of these, slow-moving snails. Many of them have been throwing their large shells in the same spot. The shell mountain is a result of their perseverance（坚持）.Conches are harvested both for their meat, which is a staple（主食）of Caribbean cuisine, and for their nice-looking shells, which are sold as jewelry. This makes us understand why local sellers don't just use the shells of Conch Island but also buy them from fishermen. Apparently, while these millions of conch shells make a wonderful sight from a distance, they aren't that pretty up close."These shells aren't as pretty as you probably think they are," Reddit user Viking Mart explained on the popular social network. "Most of of them are damaged. This is because in order to get the conch meat out, fishermen usually make a hole by the 'nose' of the shell. This is to reach and loosen the snail muscle and then pull it out. This leaves these conch shells damaged and one would probably have a hard time selling them."Modern day conch fishermen have been contributing heavily to the rise of Conch Island over the past 200 years, but while that has made it that much more attractive of a tourist attraction, it has also put the snails on the endangered species list.（1）What leads to the formation of Conch Island?A.The continuous birth of conches.B.The development of tourism.C.Increasing demand for conch meat.D.Shells thrown by farmers for a long time.（2）Why do sellers buy conches besides picking up them on the Conch Island?A.They need to sell conch meat.B.They want to help the poor fishermen.C.Those which are bought are of higher quality.D.Those on the Conch Island are damaged.（3）What can we learn from Viking Mart's words?A.Most people think shells are beautiful.B.The shells are not so good as people expect.C.Viking Mart is fond of surfing the Internet.D.Farmers always damage the shells on purpose.（4）What is the present situation of the conches?A.They sell well on the market.B.They live happily on Conch Island.C.They are becoming the endangered species.D.They are made into different shapes to sell.16.(5分) DVaccines（疫苗）against COVID-19 are about 90 percent effective at blocking coronavirus infections, studies suggest.Nearly 4,000 health care workers, first responders and firefighters in six states took part in the study led by CDC researchers. From December 14 through March 13, the workers submitted weekly nasal swabs（鼻拭子）for coronavirus testing. Infection rates fell after vaccination. "Our study shows that if you were fully vaccinated, you had 90 percent protection from infection", says Jeff Burgess.Other studies carried out in California and Texas also seem to back up the findings, researchers say in separate reports published March 23 in the New Engiand Journal of Medicine. In the Texas report, 234 of 8,969 non-vaccinated employees at the University of Texas Southwester Medical Center in Dallas tested positive for the coronavirus from December 15 to January 28. That's 2.61 percent, compared with 1.82 percent（112 of 6,144）of employees that had gotten one shot and 0.05 percent（four of 8,121）of fully vaccinated employees.In the California report, infections among health care workers also fell with increasing vaccination levels. Only seven infections occurred among 4,167 people who were at least 15 days out from getting their second dose of vaccine. The vaccines prevented health care workers in the study from becoming serious ill, says study coauthor Francesca Torriani, a professor at the University of California, San Diego.But to really stop transmission of the virus, it's important to vaccinate 18- to 30-year-olds, she says, "Those are the ones who are right now transmitting the disease. " Motivating these health people who are less likely to become severely ill in the first place to take the shots could be difficult, Torriani says, "There's not much in it for them, but there is a lot in it for their families, so I'm hoping that realization will push them towardgetting vaccinated. "Because some vaccinated people can still get infected, the CDC recommends that people who have gotten their shots continue to wear masks in public to avoid spreading the virus.32. Which of the following is true of the study led by CDC researchers?A.A. All participants in the study were medical workers.B.B. The study was carried out in California and Texas.C.C. Nasal swabs were submitted for testing every day.D.D. A small number of vaccinated people got infected.33. How does the writer support the findings in the third paragraph?A.A. By asking questions.B.B. By quoting the saying.C.C. By listing the statistics.D. D. By describing a process.34. What does the California report suggest?A.A. People are advised to take two doses of vaccines.B.B. One dose of the vaccines can ensure your safety.C.C. The vaccines have some slightest side effects.D.D. Old people should be cautious to get vaccinated.35. According to Torriani, who arc the vital people to block coronavirus transmission?A.A. Healthy people.B.B. Young peopleC.C. Elderly people.D.D. Weak people五、书面表达（本题共计 1 小题，共计25分）17. （25分）最近你参加了学校举行的"21天好习惯训练营"（21﹣day Habit Building Camp），请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你参加活动的情况。
2018年高考题和高考模拟题英语分项版汇编：专题01 词短语辨析(名词动词形容词副词代词和介词)(含解析)
2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）2018年高考词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1.【2018·北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at【答案】A【解析】考查介词。
句意：——早上好，Lee先生办公室。
——早上好。
我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。
make an appointment for意为“为……预约”，是固定搭配，故A选项正确。
点睛：make an appointment with sb.和某人预约；make an appointment for为……预约。
2.【2018·天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went ___________.A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random【答案】B点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。
对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。
考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
3.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：冠词、名词(解析版)
专题01 冠词与名词1.（2023年新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with ______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。
a touch of sweetness 一点点甜；一丝甜。
句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味，汤汁热、清澈且美味。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the ________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.【答案】arrival【详解】考查名词。
句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。
故填arrival。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though ________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。
句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。
故填the。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give ________ (interview) in English with international journalists.【答案】interviews【详解】考查名词的数。
专题01 词类短语辨析 2019年高考真题和模拟题分项汇编英语 word版含解析
2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析2019 年高考真题一、1.201926.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and ·江苏卷·单项填空】【scenery.A. priority D. pensionC. proportionB. potentialA【答案】A. priority优先；【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
B. potentialC. proportionD. pensionA。
潜在的，可能的；退休金，抚恤金。
故选比例，占比；优先权；27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional2.2019·江苏卷·单项填空】【development.D. in shapeA. in effect C. in turnB. in commandA【答案】A. in effect实际上；【解析】考查介词短语。
句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
B. in commandC. in turnD. in shapeA。
轮流，依次；在外形上，处于良好的状态。
故选指挥；28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to3.2019·江苏卷·单项填空】【exercise.D. tightC. flexibleB. regularA. casualC【答案】app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。
【解析】考查形容词辨析。
高考英语真题分类汇编专题01词、短语辨析名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词含解析
专题 1 词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）1. 【 2016·江苏】 24. ________ — Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?— Living every day to the full, definitely.A.recipeB. recordC. rangeD.receipt【答案】 A【分析】试题剖析：考察名词词义辨析。
名词 recipe诀要，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收据；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的奥密吗？—自然是尽兴享受每天。
依据句意可知 A 项意为“诀要” ，与上下文符合。
考点：考察名词辨析2. 【 2016·江苏】 25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructiveadvice for a worthy cause.B. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate【答案】C考点：考察动词词义辨析3. 【 2016·江苏】 30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanksto the comfortable climatefor business creation.A.fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off【答案】B【分析】试题剖析：考察动词短语辨析。
短语fall off跌落，降落；take off腾飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off封闭；leave off停止，中止；句意：因为优秀的创业环境，好多大学生创立的买卖都很成功。
依据句意可知 B 正确。
考点：考察动词短语辨析4.【2016 ·江苏】31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most__________statementsof how, and on whatbasis, data are collected.A. explicitB. ambiguousC. originalD.arbitrary【答案】A【分析】试题剖析：考察形容词词义辨析。
历年高考英语真题语法小题专题
2019 年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编01专题词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。
A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。
故选A。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】27.Favorable policies are ___________ to encourage employees' professional development.A. in effectB. in commandC. in turnD. in shape【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语。
句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
A. in effect实际上；B. in command指挥；C. in turn轮流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，处于良好的状态。
故选A。
3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。
句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。
2022-2023学年全国高中高考专题英语人教版高考模拟(含解析)
2022-2023学年全国高考专题英语高考模拟考试总分：176 分考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息;2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上;卷I（选择题）一、单选题（本题共计 2 小题，每题 3 分，共计6分）1. When does the woman always get off workA.At 5：55 p．m．B.At 6：00 p．m．C.At 6：10 p．m．2. What will the woman do？A.Stay at homeB.Visit a clothes shop．C.Go to a fashion show．二、多选题（本题共计 4 小题，每题 3 分，共计12分）3. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．8．How does the man feel right now？A.DelightedB.CuriousC.Nervous9．What's the woman's advice for the man？A．He should get up early for workB．He must show he can work well with othersC．He should learn to share his things with others．4. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题．13．Where does Michelle Ray come from？A.A middle-sized city．B.A small town．C.A big city．14．Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping？A．The Zen GardenB．The Highlands．C．The Red River area．15．What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet？A．Go camping．B．Study in a library．C．Read at home．16．What are the speakers talking about in general？A．Late-night shopping．B．Asian food．C．Louisville．5. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题．14．What is the improvement of the man's new balloon？A.It can carry more fuel．B.It is easier to land．C.It is lighter．15．What did the man find difficult on his last flight？A．He had too little sleep．B．He couldn't eat the food．C．His radio didn't work properly．16．What will the man leave behind this time？A．Maps．B．Books．C．His sleeping bag．17．What does the man want to do in the future？A．Sail around the world．B．Fly a small plane alone．C．Climb some mountains．6. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．17．In how many countries is TOEFL given？A.118．B.180．C.121．18．How many people take the IELTS every year？A．Two million．B．One million．C.20，000．19．How much will you pay for the TOEFL if you want to test yourself in the four basic skills？A.125 dollars．B.150 dollars．C.275 dollars．20．What can we learn about the IELTS？A．It's a paper test．B．It doesn't include speaking test．C．It's only open for undergraduate students．卷II（非选择题）三、解答题（本题共计 3 小题，每题 10 分，共计30分）7. Where is Mr Jones nowA．At home．B．At the health center．C．At his office．8. What does the man doA．A student．B．A shopkeeper．C．A librarian．9. A．Sorry．B．That's right C．It doesn't matter．四、完形填空（本题共计 1 小题，共计22分）10.(22分)When my mom was in kindergarten, she rode the school bus home every day. She wasreally（1）________ then. Her normal bus driver was really nice, but one day the driver（2）________ to come and there was a substitute driver who was not kind enough.When the bus got to my mom's house, it didn't（3）________. This（4）________ my mom. She kept as quiet as possible, huddled（缩成一团）in her seat. The bus driver drove back to school, got off and came back to（5）________ the bus. He swept from seat to seat, checking for（6）________. When reaching the last seat, he saw my（7）________. Like any bus driver did when seeing a kid（8）________ on the bus, the bus driver screamed. Then my mom started crying! The driver then calmed himself down, asking my mom in a（9）________ voice, "Why are you still on the bus?" My mom said nervously,"You（10）________ my house."The driver felt（11）________ and then took my mom to the school office and called my grandma, but my grandma didn't（12）________ the phone because she was waiting for the bus and she had a poor hearing. My mom tried hard not to cry. Nobody wants to cry in front of（13）________, unless they're their parents.Just then Mr Mueller went in. His kid was in the same class as my mom. He said,"Let's（14）________ your mom one more time, and if she doesn't answer, then I will take you home in my truck." They called my grandma, and（15）________ she didn't answer. My mom then went home with Mr Mueller unhappily.My mom（16）________ to her mom immediately she got home, told her the（17）________, and burst into tears. My grandma expressed her（18）________ to Mr Mueller before he left. When my mom stopped（19）________ hard after quite a long time, my grandma（20）________ my mom to write down this incident. And thanks to that, I can know her story today.（1）C.shyzy（2）A.hurriedB.promisedC.failedD.desired（3）A.calm downB.fall downe upD.pull up（4）A.annoyedB.amusedC.frightenedD.encouraged（5）A.cleanB.repairC.startD.test（6）C.studentsD.waste（7）A.friendB.momC.brotherD.grandma（8）A.leftB.killedC.playingD.sleeping（9）A.chokedB.strictC.miserableD.cautious（10）A.paintedB.attainedC.destroyedD.passed（11）B.surprisedC.merryD.excited（12）A.hearB.findeD.purchase（13）A.officersB.artistsC.adultsD.teachers（14）A.obtainB.forgiveC.requestD.call（15）A.luckilyB.firstlyC.sadlyD.strangely（16）B.ranC.skippedD.talked（17）A.experienceB.troubleC.jokeD.lesson（18）A.anxietiesB.apologiesC.thanksD.tensions（19）A.cryingplainingC.singingD.reading（20）A.orderedB.advisedC.invitedD.forbade五、阅读理解（本题共计 6 小题，共计50分）11.(10分) 请听第10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题．17．What did the speaker's brother help do when he was little? A．Chop vegetables．B．Set the table．C．Do the washing-up．18．Which of the following was the speaker's least favorite thing?A．Pork．B．Beef．C．Mutton．19．Where did the speaker's father probably come from?A．England．B．Italy．C．Brazil．20．What dish did the speaker's sister like to have?A．Spaghetti．B．Pizzas．C．Rice and beans．请听第10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题．17．What did the speaker's brother help do when he was little？A．Chop vegetables．B．Set the table．C．Do the washing-up．18．Which of the following was the speaker's least favorite thing？A．Pork．B．Beef．C．Mutton．19．Where did the speaker's father probably come from？A．England．B．Italy．C．Brazil．20．What dish did the speaker's sister like to have？A．Spaghetti．B．Pizzas．（1）What does the underlined word "anticipation" in paragraph 1 most probably mean?A.Doubt.B.Excitement.C.Concern.D.Fear.（2）What did the students see on the paper?A.A dark circle in the middle.B.Some funny questions.C.The white part of the paper.D.Just one black picture.（3）What is the teacher's purpose in the test?A.To surprise the students.B.To grade the students.C.To teach the students a lesson.D.To carry out an experiment.（4）What can be the best title for the text?A.A Surprise TestB.The Black DotC.My Beloved TeacherD.Happy Moments in Life13.(8分)Cyndi Decker, a schoolteacher in Florida, had recently taken an art class and made a painting of a huge white bird called an egret（白鹭）. Her proud son posted a photograph of Decker on Reddit, shyly holding her painting. Below it he wrote, "My mom painted this and said no one would like it."Then Kristoffer Zetterstrand, an artist in Sweden, saw the photo, deciding to pay respect to the teacher by painting Decker holding her painting. He even captured the shy look on her face. Zetterstrand photographed himself holding his painting of Decker holding her painting. He posted the image on Reddit. The caption for his photograph is "I painted somebody's mom." Two days later, Amer, a student in Canada, painted a picture of Zetterstrand holding his painting of Decker holding her painting. Her caption read, "I painted the guy who painted the other guy's mom." The artist Vince Law was the next to join in. The caption for his photo of his painting is "I painted the girl who painted the guy who painted the other guy's mom who painted an egret." Artist Travis Simpson continued the fun.And it happened again and again and again!By this time, more than one million people had seen the paintings and pictures of paintings on a numberof social media websites. Many artists around the world jumped into the process, many at the same time."I was in fear I was going to read a lot of hateful comments. You all have proven me so wrong. I'm assuming most of you could be my kids, and you all get an unjust accusation in this world. You all are caring and a ton of fun! Thanks for uplifting me! You all have inspired me instead," she wrote on Reddit.（1）How did people join in the painting?A.By painting the same bird.B.By means of sharing painting process.C.By organizing voluntary painters on the Internet.D.By painting the photo posted by the previous painter.（2）Which of the following best describes these participants?A.Caring and fun.B.Ambitious and patient.C.Demanding and stubborn.D.Considerate and cautious.（3）What can be learned from Decker's words?A.She was afraid of her painting skill.B.Most of kids like non-photorealistic art form.C.There exists language violence on the Internet.D.She was instructed by the professionals.（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.The Social Media Changed a Woman Art-loverB.One Painting Started a Worldwide Painting PartyC.How the Painters Reacted to a Kid's HopeD.How a Woman Won the Respect of People14.(8分)The sun appears to experience far fewer changes in brightness and intensity than other stars like it. Researchers reported last week on their examination of 369 stars. They compared each one to the sun in terms of surface temperature, size and rotation. They found that on average, the other stars had five times more brightness variability than our sun.The lead author was Timo Reinhold, an astronomer with the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Germany. He told the Reuters news agency that the variability in brightness results from dark spots on the surface of the star moving in and out of view."A direct measure of solar activity is the number of sunspots on the surface," Reinhold said. "Findingsuch stars with very similar parameters as our sun but being five times more variable was surprising."The sun—made up mainly of hydrogen and helium—is an average-sized star that formed more than 4.5 billion years ago. It stretches about 1.4 million kilometers across and has a surface temperature of 5,500 degrees Celsius.The researchers compared scientific data on the similar stars to historical records of the sun's activity. The records included about 400 years of observational data on sunspots. The researchers also studied about 9,000 years of data based on chemical element variants in tree rings and ice buildup tied to solar activity. These records show the sun has not been much more active than it is now.The researchers said increased magnetic activity related to sunspots can lead to electromagnetic events that affect Earth. For example, large releases of plasma—a collection of charged particles—from outer areas of the sun's atmosphere could cause problems for satellites and other communications equipment.The discovery may be good news for life on Earth. A much more active sun might have had more major effects on Earth's geology and ancient climate. "A 'too active' star would definitively change the conditions for life on the planet, so living with a quite boring star is not the worst option," Reinhold said.The findings, he noted, do not rule out the possibility that the sun may be in a quiet period and could become more variable in the future. However, the researchers say there are no signs that solar activity will be increasing any time soon.（1）According to Timo Reinhold, what causes the variability in brightness of the sun?A.Hydrogen and helium in the sun.B.The surface temperature of the sun.C.The diameter（直径）of the sun.D.Dark spots on its outer part.（2）Which of the following helped researchers prove the sun's inactivity?A.Scientific data of all the other stars.B.Data of sunspots observed in the past 400 years.C.9,000 years of data of the activities of the sun.D.Data of chemical element variants in icy trees.（3）What will probably happen if the sun becomes very active?A.There will be a decreased magnetic activity.B.The geology and climate of the Earth will be different.C.Satellites and other communications equipment will work better.D.People on the Earth have to live with the quite boring star.（4）What is the best title of this article?A.The sun: less active than similar starsB.The sun: less bright and intense than beforeC.Sun spots: a direct measure of solar activityD.Sun spots: the cause of electromagnetic events on Earth（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A.To stress the role of pets in people life.B.To persuade people to keep pets.C.To call attention to the danger of big fire.D.To share a story of love and care from pets with us.16.(8分) DVaccines（疫苗）against COVID-19 are about 90 percent effective at blocking coronavirus infections, studies suggest.Nearly 4,000 health care workers, first responders and firefighters in six states took part in the study led by CDC researchers. From December 14 through March 13, the workers submitted weekly nasal swabs（鼻拭子）for coronavirus testing. Infection rates fell after vaccination. "Our study shows that if you were fully vaccinated, you had 90 percent protection from infection", says Jeff Burgess.Other studies carried out in California and Texas also seem to back up the findings, researchers say in separate reports published March 23 in the New Engiand Journal of Medicine. In the Texas report, 234 of 8,969 non-vaccinated employees at the University of Texas Southwester Medical Center in Dallas tested positive for the coronavirus from December 15 to January 28. That's 2.61 percent, compared with 1.82 percent（112 of 6,144）of employees that had gotten one shot and 0.05 percent（four of 8,121）of fully vaccinated employees.In the California report, infections among health care workers also fell with increasing vaccination levels. Only seven infections occurred among 4,167 people who were at least 15 days out from getting their second dose of vaccine. The vaccines prevented health care workers in the study from becoming serious ill, says study coauthor Francesca Torriani, a professor at the University of California, San Diego.But to really stop transmission of the virus, it's important to vaccinate 18- to 30-year-olds, she says, "Those are the ones who are right now transmitting the disease. " Motivating these health people who are less likely to become severely ill in the first place to take the shots could be difficult, Torriani says, "There's not much in it for them, but there is a lot in it for their families, so I'm hoping that realization will push them toward getting vaccinated. "Because some vaccinated people can still get infected, the CDC recommends that people who have gotten their shots continue to wear masks in public to avoid spreading the virus.32. Which of the following is true of the study led by CDC researchers?A.A. All participants in the study were medical workers.B.B. The study was carried out in California and Texas.C.C. Nasal swabs were submitted for testing every day.D.D. A small number of vaccinated people got infected.33. How does the writer support the findings in the third paragraph?A.A. By asking questions.B.B. By quoting the saying.C.C. By listing the statistics.D. D. By describing a process.34. What does the California report suggest?A.A. People are advised to take two doses of vaccines.B.B. One dose of the vaccines can ensure your safety.C.C. The vaccines have some slightest side effects.D.D. Old people should be cautious to get vaccinated.35. According to Torriani, who arc the vital people to block coronavirus transmission?A.A. Healthy people.B.B. Young peopleC.C. Elderly people.D.D. Weak people六、书面表达（本题共计 1 小题，共计17分）17. （17分）假定你是李华，是你校英文报的记者。
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咼考及最新模拟分类汇编之词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）高考词、短语辨析（名词、动词、形容词、畐U词、代词和介词）1. 【2018 北京】14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee ' s office.—Good mornin g. I ' d like to make an appo in tme nt __________ next Wedn esday after noon.A. forB. onC. inD. at【答案】A【解析】考查介词。
句意：一一早上好，Lee先生办公室。
一一早上好。
我想预约下周三下午（和Mr. Lee见面）。
make an appointment for意为为••…预约”是固定搭配，故A选项正确。
点睛：make an appointment with sb.禾口某人预约；make an appointment for 为预约。
2. 【2018 •天津】11. Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, buthe went __________ .A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at ran dom【答案】B【解折】考查介词短语辨析及语境理解。
句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会,因为他不得不写一份报吉』但他终究去了◎ A at ft-st起初』B. after 毕竟，终究* C. above al： D at random随僅地◎根据前面的辖折连词可知，与前面情;兄相反'故选点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析短语的能力。
对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。
考生除了要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还需要重点关注他们用法上的区别。
3. 【2018 •天津】8. It took him a long time to _________ t he skills he needed to become a gooddan cer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。
A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。
故选B。
点睛：本题考查动词辨析。
动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。
4. 【2018 •天津】6. The _________ that there is life on other pla nets in the uni verse has alwaysin spired scie ntists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. in vitati on【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。
故选C。
点睛：本题考查名词辨析。
名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。
本题语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。
根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。
5. 【2018 •天津】3. At first Robert would n't let his daughter go divi ng, but even tuallyhe __________ as she was so con fide nee about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. tur ned up【答案】A【解析】考查动i司短语词义辨析及语境理解。
旬意：起初，罗怕特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了, 因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握乜扎郸血屁服，让步'B. up打孙C. brokem闯入打断’ D tumed up出现&根据转折词右山及原因as sh? was so canfidsnt about her skilM可知/最终他让步了◎故选点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。
分析后句的原因状语可以判定出罗伯特最终让步，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。
同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
6. 【2018 •江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the man ager is ______ t o in vest insufficie nt training for his staff.A. kee nB. relucta ntC. an xiousD. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。
A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready准备好的。
故选B。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析形容词词义的能力。
因此，考生必须充分利用这一特定语境。
同时，考生应注意多积累由形容词组成的固定短语。
本题中4个选择项中都可以与to 连用。
be keen to 渴望；be reluctant to 不情愿做；be anxious to 急于；be ready to 乐意，再分析句意可以得出答案。
7. 【2018 •江苏】33. China ' s soft power grows _________ t he increasing appreciation andun dersta nding of China globally.A. i n line withB. in reply toC. in retur n forD. in honour of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：中国的软实力增长与日俱增全球对中国的赏识和理解相一致。
A. in line with按照；与...一致;B. in reply to答复；C. in return for作为...的报酬；D. in honour of为纪念。
故选A。
点睛：本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。
考生平时在学习中多积累之外还需要充分利用特定语境理解词义，还应注意多辨析意思相近的介词短语，重点关注他们用法上的区别。
8. 【2018 •江苏】32. Try to un dersta nd what ' s actually happe ning in stead of acting on the ______you ' ve made.A. assig nmentB. associati onC. acquisiti onD. assumpti on【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
A.assignment 分配；B. association 交往；C. acquisition 获得；D. assumption假设。
故选D o点睛：本题考查名词辨析。
名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。
本题抓住句中的关键词actually happe ning实际发生和in stead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。
9. 【2018 •江苏】25. Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which a clear road map and timetable.A. calls forB. calls onC. calls offD. calls up【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。
A. calls for需要；B. calls on号召；C. calls off取消；D. calls up使想起。
故选A o点睛：本题考查动词短语辨析。
分析全句句意，再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。
同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累，尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。
10. 【2018 •江苏】22. Kids shouldn ' t have access to violent films because they might _________ t hethings they see.A. i ndicateB. i nvestigateC. imitateD. inno vate【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：孩子不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。
A. indicate指示；B. investigate调查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。
故选C o点睛：本题考查动词辨析。
动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。
考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。
11. 【2018 •海淀二模】15. This view is common __________ all sections of the community.A. acrossB. aboveC. aroundD. along【答案】A【解析】考查介词「句意：这个观点在社会的各个阶层都非常普遍。
迫脸遍瓦在……各处；abov亡在……上方,around在 ___ 的周围」al cm呂沿看__ «across亡sections of the community意为:遍及各个阶层一3故A选项正确。
12. 【2018 滨海7 校联考】14. We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but Jack failed toA. break upB. set upC. turn upD. give up【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组。