英美文学鉴赏
英美文学作品鉴赏
英美文学作品鉴赏鲁迅曾说：“故事要从现在讲起，英雄从鲁迅做起。
”然而，在欣赏英美文学作品之前，我们还是要从源头出发，追溯到英美文学的发展历程，了解其背后的文化、思潮和历史。
一、英美文学的发展历程英美文学的起源可以追溯到中世纪的史诗和传说，在《贝奥武夫》、《亚瑟王传说》等作品中体现了当时社会文化和价值观念。
随着文艺复兴的到来，英美文学迎来了蓬勃发展的黄金时期。
莎士比亚的作品成为英文戏剧的代表，他的《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等剧作至今仍具有重要影响力。
随着工业革命和现代主义思潮的兴起，英美文学的题材和风格也发生了转变。
维多利亚时期的文学以浪漫主义和现实主义为主，经典代表作有狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》、莱尔的《咏史诗》等。
现代主义文学则更加注重对内心世界和对传统的反思，乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》、福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》等作品成为现代主义文学的典范。
二、英美文学作品的鉴赏1. 《哈姆雷特》《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的剧作之一，讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特为父亲的死而悲伤，追求真相并寻求复仇的故事。
这部戏剧通过对人性、道德和权力的探讨，展现了人类内心的复杂和矛盾。
哈姆雷特作为一个智慧而矛盾的角色，他的独白和哲理性的思考赋予了整个作品深刻的内涵。
2. 《傲慢与偏见》简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》是一部脍炙人口的爱情小说，通过对英国上层社会和婚姻制度的描绘，展现了女性对自由和尊严的追求。
小说中的伊丽莎白·班内特是一个聪明机智、不拘小节的女性形象，在与达西先生的爱情故事中，她逐渐认识到自己先入为主的偏见，学会了宽容和宽恕。
3. 《老人与海》海明威的《老人与海》是一部以渔夫与大海之间的斗争为主线的小说，通过描写老渔夫与巨大的马林鱼的搏斗，表达了人与命运的较量和对人生意义的思考。
小说中的老人桑提亚哥展现了坚毅、无私以及对自然界的敬畏，他的形象代表了人类面对困难时的无畏精神和顽强生活。
三、如何进行英美文学作品鉴赏1.了解作品背景：掌握作者的生平背景、时代背景和创作动机，深入了解作品在当时社会文化和思潮中的位置。
英美文学鉴赏教学大纲
《英美文学鉴赏》教学大纲一、基本信息二、教学目标及任务本课程的教学目标是使学生初步了解英美文学形成和发展的概况，英美文学史上出现的重要文学流派，代表作家的代表作品以及作家的创作风格、基本的文学主张等。
本课程以导论为框架，以作家作品为重点，介绍各个流派代表作家及其代表作品、文学思潮、文学对英国、美国民族性的生成的作用，使学生对英美文学的特色、经典作品、历史发展等等有初步的了解，为其以后深入学习英美文学史及选读奠定基础。
学生需阅读原汁原味的作品（包括戏剧、小说和诗歌）以了解其主题与内容，并熟悉其独特的艺术风格。
另一方面通过师生共同分析和探讨文本的文化、历史等综合背景，从整体上把握英美文学的发展脉络，培养基础的文学作品阅读能力和鉴赏水平，并掌握正确评价文学作品的标准与方法。
三、学时分配四、教学内容及教学要求Chapter1．A general introduction to Old English literature，Middle English Literature and English Renaissance （4学时）本章重点和难点：《贝尔武夫》、《亚瑟王和圆桌骑士》、乔叟和《坎特伯雷故事集》、莎士比亚的十四行诗和戏剧；重点：莎士比亚的十四行诗和戏剧；难点：《哈姆雷特》。
1．Old English Poetry and Medieval Romance （了解）2．Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales（了解）3．Elizabethan poetry3.1 Shakespearian Sonnets（2学时掌握）3.2Elizabethan Drama4．Hamlet（2学时掌握）Chapter2．The Restoration Age （2学时）本章重点和难点：重点：弥尔顿及史诗；难点：《失乐园》。
1．John Milton and Paradise Lost（2学时掌握）Chapter3．The Romantic Period （4学时）本章重点和难点：重点：布莱克、彭斯、华兹华斯的诗歌；难点：华兹华斯。
英美经典文学的鉴赏与阅读审美分析
读·闻·观62摘要：英美经典文学作品数不胜数，享誉全世界。
而鉴赏和阅读英美经典文学作品，既有助于学生了解西方国家的文化背景，又有助于其找到国内外文化的差异。
赏析英美经典文学作品，可以使学生感受到西方国家文化语言在语言特色以及人物刻画等方面的魅力。
基于此，本文主要分析了英美经典文学的鉴赏与阅读审美，以供大家参考。
关键词：英美经典文学；鉴赏；阅读审美英美经典文学在西方国家文学发展史上有着重要的地位。
学生通过英美经典文学的鉴赏和阅读，可以培养自身的鉴赏和阅读英美文学作品能力。
当前，我国高校设置专业课程的内容时，需要利用鉴赏和分析英美文学经典作品，使学生养成良好的心态，加强自身的审美能力，提高文化素养。
一、全面解读英美经典文学作品英美经典文学作品的内容和作者思想感情以及时代背景有着紧密的关联，因此，对英美经典文学作品进行鉴赏时，需要正确引导学生全面分析，深入解读作品中包含的语言特色和创作手法，进而科学把握文学作品的主题和内涵[1]。
比如：著作《牛虻》，这是爱尔兰的一部经典文学作品，主要描写了意大利革命党人牛虻参与反对奥地利统治者、争取民族独立统一的斗争，最后牺牲自己。
故事紧紧围绕牛虻、教会和神父进行，三者之间彼此联系，在作品中扮演着不同的角色。
在鉴赏该部作品时，需要全面认识作品主题。
例如：解读牛虻时，应该重点围绕其道德冲突和理想的心理对话开展，从这个角度对其心理上的双重矛盾性进行深入剖析。
二、掌握作品中包含的国家和民族思想在分析英美经典文学作品时，必须要认真梳理作品的整体脉络，合理分析文学作品的社会背景和年代背景，以深入鉴赏文学作品。
在鉴赏的过程中，需要理解英美经典文学作品中包含的国家思想和民族思想，提高个人的阅读审美水平，采用辩证分析的方式，更加全面的认识这些文学作品。
比如：著作《失乐园》，这是英国的经典文学作品。
在这部作品中，诗人弥尔顿将良好的艺术技巧表现出来，诗人无限的想象和强烈的革命热情，让其塑造出壮观的形象，包括死亡以及撒旦等等。
吴伟仁英美文学所有诗歌赏析
吴伟仁英美文学全部诗歌赏析【篇一：吴伟仁 ,英美文学 ,全部诗歌赏析】因为自己考研一开始选的英美文学，此后实在学不会日语，放弃了，考的翻译，花了血本买了好多书，此刻想低价卖掉，标准日本语，还有旧版标准日本语〔中南和人大考试指定教材〕，中国文化读本，英国文学简史〔刘炳善〕，配套学习指南赵红英，美国文学简史常耀信，配套赵红英。
美国文学史选读上下册〔吴伟仁〕及学习指南上下册。
美国文学选读上下册〔常耀信〕，英美文学赏析教程〔罗选民〕两本，包含散文与诗歌和小说与戏剧，这两本是考上中南大学学长的书，里面做了好多笔录。
还有现代大学英语 3、4 指导用书，精读 5 的课后指导。
还有 bec 高级 7 本书，英美文学视频，还有日语的视频，翻译的视频，需要的加我贴吧挚友，不是骗子，立誓【篇二：吴伟仁 ,英美文学 ,全部诗歌赏析】mar.2007, volume no.3(serial no.39) sino-us english teaching, issn1539-8072, usa 18 如何上好英语诗歌赏识课纪启明，李〔青岛科技大学外语学院，山东青岛 266061 〕要：本文主要从观点简介，内容与形式剖析，诗歌的现实意义，多媒体教课以及英诗汉译等方面阐述了如何上好英语诗歌赏识课。
要点词：诗歌赏识；内容；形式；多媒体教课；英诗汉译近些年来，跟着高校课程教改的进一步深入，英语专业在过去开设英美文学史及作品选读的根基上，又开设了英美诗歌赏识课。
对此课程之设置及教法，教师们亦是仁者见仁，智者见智。
在实质讲课过程中，根据讲课对象的不一样，课时安排的教课时数，我们采纳了整体介绍、细讲内容、重在剖析的教课模式，主要从以下几点着手，力求在短短的一学期内，让学生对英美诗歌的历史，展开阶段以及各阶段的代表性诗人及其代表作品有一个简要的理解与掌握，进而进一步提高学生对英美诗歌的鉴赏能力与水平。
观点简介诗歌是语言的结晶，是一种最古老的文学形式。
英美文学鉴赏1
1. Beowulf probably existed in its oral form as early as the6 century and its hero and his adventures are placed in Denmark and southern Sweden rather than in England.2. In the 8th century, Anglo-Saxon prose appeared. The famous prose writers of that period were Venerable Bede and Alfred the Great3. The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two divisions, Paganand Christian.4. Angles, Saxons and Jutes usually known as Anglo-Saxons are the first Englishmen. Language spoken by them is called the old English which is the foundation of English language and literature.5. The Anglo-Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism.6. The early inhabitants on the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Celts. From the Britons the island got its name of Britain, the land of Britons. The Britons were a primitive people.1. The history of English literature begins in the ( C )century.A.7hB.6thC.5hD.4h2. The Anglo-Saxons were Christianized in the ( C )century.A.5thB.6thC.7thD.8th3. Beowulf describes the exploits of a ( B ) hero, Beowulf, in fighting against the monster Grendel, his revengeful mother, and a fre-breathing dragon.A. DanishB. ScandinavianC. EnglishD. Norwegian4. The most important work of Alfred the Great is ( B ), which is regarded as the best monument of the old EnglishA. The Song of BeowulfB. The Anglo- Saxon ChroniclesC. The Eecclesiastical History of the English PeopleD. Brut1.Old English period (the Anglo- Saxon period)Key:①The Old English Period, extended from the invasion of Celtic England by Germanic tribes (the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) in the first half of the fifth century to the conquest of England in 1066 by the Norman French under the leadership of William the Conqueror.②Only after they had been converted to Christianity in the seventh century did the Anglo Saxons, whose earlier literature had been oral, begin to develop a written literature.2.AlliterationKey: Alliteration:①(also known as ‘head rhyme’ or ‘initial rhyme’ ), the repetition of the same sounds--usually initial consonants of words or of stressed syllables--in any sequence of neighboring words.②Now an optional and incidental decorative effect in verse or prose, it was once a required element in the poetry of Germanic languages (including Old English and Old Norse) and in Celtic verse.③Such poetry, in which alliteration rather than rhyme is the chief principle of repetition, is known as alliteration verse; its rules also allow a vowel sound to alliterate with any other vowel.3.epicKey: epic: It is, originally, an oral narrative poem, majestic both in theme and style. Epics deal with legendary or historical events of national or universal significance, involving actions of broad sweep and grandeur. Most epics deal with the exploits of a single individual, thereby giving unity to the composition. Great epics include The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer.简答题1. What are the main characteristics of Anglo-Saxon literature?Key: Anglo-Saxon literature is almost exclusively a verse literature in oral form. It was passed down by word of mouth from generation to generation. Most of its creators are unknown. There are two groups of English poetry in Anglo-Saxon period. The first group is the pagan poetry represented by Beowulf, the second is the religious poetry represented by the works of Caedmon and Cynewulf.2.What are the artistic features of Old English poetry?Key:(1) The use of alliteration. Each full line has four stresses with a number of unstressed syllables, three of which begin with the same sound or letter.(2) The use of the strong stress and the predominance of consonants. Almost all this poetry is composed without rhyme. Each line is divided into two halves and each half has two heavy stresses.(3) The use of vivid poetic diction and parallel expressions for a single idea, such as the sea is called ‘swan road’ or ‘whale-path’, a soldier is called ‘shield-bearer’, ‘battle-hero’or ‘spear fighter’, etc.3.What are the three parts told in the story of Beowulf? How is heroic ideal reflected in Beowulf?Key:①Struc turally speaking, Beowulf is built around three fights. The first part deals with the fight between Beowulf and the monster Grendel that has been attacking the great hall of Heorot, built by Hrothgar, the Danish King. The second part involves a battle between Beowulf and Grendel's mother, a water-monster, who takes revenge by carrying off one of the king's noblemen. The last part is about the fight between Beowulf and a firedrake that ravages Beowulf's kingdom.②Beowulf is a pagan poem concerned with the he roic ideal of kings and kingship in North Europe. Battle is a way of life at that time. Strength and courage are basic virtues for both kings and his warriors. The king should protect his people and show gentleness and generosity to his warriors. And in return, his warriors should show absolute obedience and loyalty to the king. By praising Beowulf s wisdom, strength and courage, and by glorifying his death for his people, the poem presents the heroic ideal of a king and his good relations to his warriors and people.。
英美文学鉴赏 PPT
The General Prologue （总序）
• The General Prologue consists of character sketches of each member of the group that is going to Canterbury
• The setting(P3-4) • The Prioress 女修道院副院长(P4-5) • irony 反讽 • secular 世俗的 • hypocritical 虚伪的
• Three types of sonnet
1) Petrarchan sonnet (彼特拉克体/意大利十四 行诗 )
2) Spenserian Sonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗） 3) Shakespearian Sonnet（莎士比亚/英国体十
四行诗
Shakespearian Sonnet
• 3 quatrains + a couplet • abab cdcd efef gg
• Act III, Scene I • “To be or not to be”(P11-12) • Soliloquy(内心独白) （P16）
William Shakespeare :Sonnet
• A sonnet is a lyric invariably of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter五音步抑扬格 , restricted to a definite rhyme scheme韵律 .
英美文学鉴赏
1.Jeffery Chaucer(1340-1400)
• Father/founder of English Poetry • was buried in “poet’s corner” in
英美文学鉴赏2
1. Duke of Normandy conquered England on October 14, 1066. From then on began the medieval period.2. The most magnificent prose work of the 15th century is Le Morte D' Arthur concerning with Arthurian legend.3. The only important prose writer in the 15th century is Sir Thomas Malory4. In 55 B. C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar, the Roman conqueror. Along with the invasion came the Roman mode of life into Britain.5.In the year 1066, the Normans defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the battle of Hasting6.The fifteenth century has been traditionally described as the barren age in English literature. But it is the spring tide of English ballads7.After the Norman Conquest, feudal system was established in English society.8.The year of 1381 witnessed a famous peasant uprising led by Wat Tylerand and John Ball.9.In English poetry, a quatrain is ( A )A. a four-line stanzaB. a coupletC. a fourteen-line stanzaD. a terza rima10.Knights of the Round Table are characters serving ( C ) in legends, which depict chivalry in early literature.A. Sir LancelotB. Sir GodwinC. King ArthurD. King Henry VIII11.Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the ( C )A. Renaissance periodB. seventeenth centuryC. Middle Ages .D. eighteenth century12.( C ) was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of theBible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. WycliffeD. Chaucer13.The story of ( A ) is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. The story of Beowulfc. Piers the plowmanD. The Canterbury Tales14. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The Normans spoke ( A ).A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish15.FreudianismKey: Freudianism: Freudianism derives from Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freudianism emphasizes the importance of unconscious forces in determining the beliefs and actions of human beings. The theory also has great influence on literature in the 20th century. A lot of modern writers such as Woolf, Joyce and Lawrence are deeply influenced by Freudianism.16.Middle English periodKey: Middle English period: The four and a half centuries between the Norman Conquest in 1066, which effected radical changes in the language, life, and culture of England, and about 1500, when the standard literary language had become recognizably modem English, that is, similar to the language we speak and write today.17.Arthurian legendKey: Arthurian legend: It is a group of tales (in several languages) that developed in the Middle Ages concerning Arthur, semi-historical king of the Britons and his knights. The legend is a complex weaving of ancient Celtic mythology with later traditions around a core of possible historical authenticity.18.What is the influence of the Norman Conquest upon English language and literature?Key: (1) During the period of the Norman Conquest, English and Norman· French existed side by side in England, together with Latin. French for quite a long time prevailed among the noble; Latin was at bigger schools and it also used in the churches and monasteries; and the lower ranks made use of English.(2) In this period, English language had experienced gradual but radical and extensive changes. Thousands of words were borrowed from French and. through French from Latin and also Greek, but many English worlds disappeared at the same time. The English language in this transitional stage. from Old English to Modern English has generally been known as Middle English.(3) The literature was varied in interest and extensive in range. The Normans began to write histories or chronicles. Most of them were written in Latin of French. The prevailing form of literature in the feudal England was the Romance.19.What are the essential features of romance in the medieval English literature?Key: The romance was the prevailing form of literature in the Middle Ages. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, used to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. Its essential features are:(1) The central character of the romance is the knight, a man of noble birth skilled in the use of weapons. He is commonly described as riding forth to accomplish some missions to protect the church, to attack infidelity, to rescue a maiden, to meet a challenge or to obey a knightly command.(2) Romantic love is an important part of the plot in the romance.(3) It lacks general resemblance to truth or reality.(4) The structure is loose and episodic, anđ the language is simple and straight forward.20.What is the most important department of English folk literature? And make commentson its most famous cycle: the Robin Hood Ballads.Key: 1) The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. A ballad is a story told in song, usually in quatrains with alternating four-stress and three-stress lines, the second and fourth lines rhyming. When it was chanted by ball-assigners, the audience joined in a refrain which usually followed each stanza. They are mainly the literature of the peasants, and in them one is able to understand the outlook of the English common people in feudal society.The subject of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters of class struggle.2) The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called Robin Hood. Robin Hood, a legendary popular hero, is depicted in the ballads as a valiant outlaw, famous in archery, living under the greenwood tree with his merry men, taking from the rich and giving to the poor, waging war against bishops and archbishops, and constantlyhunted by the sheriffs, whom he constantly outwits.Clearly the historical origin of Robin Hood and his band of outlaws is to be found in the perpetual struggles of the peasants against the landlords, against the local officials and against the king's judges. Robin Hood is a partly historical and partly legendary character.The character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. But the dominant Key in his character is his hatred for the cruel oppressors and his love for the poor and downtrodden. Robin Hood appears to be devout and orthodox in religion. Another feature of Robin's view is his reverence for the king. The king appears in the ballads as an intermediary between the outlaws and his officials. and judges, as the humorous and understanding guest in the greenwood, feasting on his own stolen deer. In spite. of this, the Robin Hood ballads show the fighting spirit, indomitable courage and revolutionary energy of the English peasantry.21.Make comments on the romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.Key: (1) The story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the culmination of the Arthurian romances. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, used to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds.(2) This romance is an interesting combination of French and Saxon element. It is written in an elaborate stanza combining meter and alliteration. At the end of each stanza, there is a rimed refrain.(3) Its theme id a series of tests on faith, courage, purity and human weakness for self-preservation.(4) Besides, the romance. gives the reader an engrossing tale well told, vested in beautiful poetry and containing many artistic merits. With a preference for irony, suggestion and implication, the author tries to make his romance the vehicle of a wise morality in which the humorous grotesque merges with the morally serious. Its language is simple and straightforward. That is why the poem has shared great popularity over and above most other romances of the period.。
文学-《英美文学作品赏析》教学大纲
《英美文学作品赏析》教学大纲《英美文学作品赏析》教学大纲课程编号：E032019 课程类型：专业选修课课程名称：英美文学作品赏析英文名称：Reading American & British Literary Works 学分：2 适用专业：英语专业第一部分大纲说明一、课程的性质、目的和任务《英美文学作品赏析》是针对英语专业高年级学生，并在其学习了《英国文学》和《美国文学》两门专业基础课之后，开设的一门旨在提高学生鉴赏英美文学经典作品能力的专业选修课。
本课根据学生的兴趣、语言水平以及相关文化等因素，从全新的角度选择了英美不同时期作家的代表作，主要是小说作品，材料难度适中，涉猎广泛。
本课程的教学目的是使学生通过阅读和理解英美重要作家的小说作品，掌握其体裁特点、思想内涵、文体风格、所属流派和写作技巧等方面的文学知识；学会分析小说作品的艺术特色，提高英语阅读欣赏水平和英语写作技巧，提高文学欣赏水平及文学批评能力；拓展文化视野，扩大接触异国文化的范围，提高对中外文化的异同的敏感性和鉴别能力。
本课程的教学任务是帮助学生在巩固所学基础知识与技能的同时，提升学生对英美经典小说作品的鉴赏能力，提高学生的文学素养和文化底蕴，从而为其将来得心应手地参加实际工作打下良好的基础。
二、课程的基本要求1. 知识要求：1)了解—英美不同时期和阶段的重要作家和其小说代表作。
2)熟悉—各个所选作家的文学生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其小说代表作的思想内涵、主题结构、文体风格、所属流派、人物刻画、语言风格、写作技巧等。
3)掌握—一定的欣赏小说作品的技巧和方法。
2．能力要求：1)了解—通过阅读经典小说，巩固所学文学知识，扩大词汇量，增强语感，培养学生独立阅读、欣赏文学作品的能力。
2)熟悉—通过浏览网上的文学资源库，观看文学名著影片，举办作品欣赏讨论会，尝试名著改写，表演人物对话等实践性教学活动，培养学生阅读、分析以及理解小说作赏能力、思辨能力和文学批判能力。
英美文学鉴赏3
1. The English great writer Geoffrey Chaucer was born in 1343 and died in 1400. His moststories.artistic achievement.3. The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer's greatest work and the greater part of it was written inand Langland.of his today, such as its work and play, its deeds and dreams, its fun and sympathy.Heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines. The rhyme is always masculine. Use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in the Legend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales.1．Why is the Knight first in the General Prologue to tell a tale in Canterbury Tales?Key:Before the pilgrims tell their tales, Chaucer introduces their condition according to profession, degree and appearance. At that time, the upper class or nobility is represented chiefly by the Knight and his Squire, which means that the Knight has the highest degree among the pilgrims.They are noble for their chivalry and this knight is a truly perfect gentle knight, who is respected and admired.The Knight tells his tragic love story which was treasured by people at that time. So the Knight is the first to tell a tale. This shows the social class at that time.Secondly, according to Chaucer’s description, the Knight is in the front of the other entire persons.2．What is Chaucer’s contribution to the English language?Key:(1) Chaucer’s language is vivid and exact. His words are easy to understand.(2) He introduced from France the “heroic couplet” to English poetry.(3) Though influenced by French and Italian literature models, Chaucer is the first poet to write in English vernacular, now called Middle English, which bear a close visual resemblance to the English written and spoken today. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country.How did Chaucer’s creative works reflect the changes of the English society in the second half of the 14th century? How much was Chaucer influenced by foreign authors such as Dante or Boccaccio? What are some of the significances of such influences?Key：(1) At that time, the feudal system had already begun to crumble. His work, for the first time in English literature, created a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. For example, his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales is a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury who are from all walks of life. His characterization is very vivid and the true side of society at that time is revealed.(2) Dante and Boccaccio not only had direct influence on Chaucer’s poem in form and content, but also on his values. Since then, his literary activities turned into an active and creative phase which is marked by his two long poems, The House of Fame and Troilus and Criseyde. Chaucer mainly wrote three longer poems using the heroic stanza of seven lines. From the perspective ofnewly citizen class, he held positive attitude towards love and individual happiness and rejected feudalism and religious abstinence.(3) Chaucer’s poetry paves the way for the literature of English Renaissance. Chaucer’s poem marks a new step in the author’s progress to maturity and is distinguished for its profound delineation of characters and truthful description of human relations. Chaucer chose the metrical poetry which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllabic verse. He did much in making the dialect of London.。
英美文学诗歌分析鉴赏
英美文学诗歌分析鉴赏英语诗歌入门诗歌是纯文学。
英美文学传统中此种文学形式十分繁荣，在这方面甚至可与被称为“诗的国度”的中国相提并论。
正如学习汉语不明诗词歌赋为何物，就难入佳境一样，学习英文而不解诗味，也堪称憾事。
然而，由于用词典雅、句法精炼、形式别致以及意象丰富等等缘故，英文诗号称难读。
本课程精选莎士比亚以来名家名诗数十首，解其句读，析其格律，达其妙趣，并判其风格，使初学者尝其一脔，略知滋味，并望其由此获得进入英诗宝库之门径。
导引诗歌是一种精美的艺术，趣味高一点的人一般都喜欢诗歌。
受过良好教育的中国人都会背诵若干首古诗。
现在人们很重视学习英文，学习英文，视野也应宽阔一些，也应当对英文诗歌多少有些领略才好。
中国文学中诗歌成就极大，英语文学中，诗歌也极其丰富多彩。
语言艺术的最高表现形式在诗歌。
如果只是知道实用性的英文，只学习商业英文、法律英文等英文，对英语文学毫无修养，对英文诗歌一无所知，那将是一个不小的遗憾，将会影响到审美能力的发展和提高，学英文而不懂英文诗歌，不仅从审美角度看是一个遗憾，而且从英语学习这一角度看，不学一些英文诗歌，其英语水平也达不到很高的层次。
诗歌语言最精炼，语汇最丰富，表达形式最精美，语言的色调最细腻。
如果对诗歌有一定修养，其语言表达能力会大大提高。
试想一个学汉语的人，如果对唐诗宋词一无所知，其汉语水平不会很高。
学英语者也是如此。
如果他对莎士比亚、弥尔顿、华兹华斯、拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的著名诗篇一窍不通，其英文水平也不会很高。
总之，有一定英语基础的人不能不更上一层楼，读一点英文诗。
这不仅有助于提高我们的文学素养，丰富我们的审美能力，也有助于提高我们的英语水平。
英诗基础知识读英文诗歌相当不容易。
其中的主要原因是诗歌有其独特的语言特点和表达方式，与散文有明显区别。
为更好地欣赏英文诗歌，很有必要了解一些相关的基本知识。
这方面的知识极其细致，以下只介绍一些最基本的。
一节奏诗歌是具有音乐性的语言。
探究英美文学作品阅读与鉴赏
2552019年44期总第484期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS 探究英美文学作品阅读与鉴赏文/董雅清捷尔·丽莲·伏尼契创作，本书描写了革命党人牛虻的一生。
主人公亚瑟在被革命同志误解的情况下，假装投河自尽，远赴南美，最后重返故乡成为一个坚定的革命者。
他反对奥地利统治、争取国家独立并为之献出了生命。
小说凸显了信仰、斗争、牺牲的主题，作者伏尼契受革命者献身精神的影响并写下此书，成功地塑造了革命党人牛虻的形象，本文主要讲述了主人公牛虻与宗教的复杂关系，通过深入剖析和内化这种关系，使人物塑造更加鲜明。
伏尼契以革命为背景来书写宗教与伦理，反映了意大利教会的黑暗统治和革命人士对其反抗所做出的英勇斗争，以及意大利人民对和平美好生活的追求，并在启迪后人对待宗教信仰和人性伦理之间关系的问题上，具有深刻的意义。
在艺术结构上，作者以主人公牛虻的革命活动为线索，单一的发展，并穿插回忆叙述，形象地表现了当时背景下意大利民族的解放运动斗争。
2.仔细品读作品，加强情感体验。
在对文学作品进行多方面的赏析中，需要从读者的角度进行解读，在阅读时，对作品体现的内涵进行揣摩，使其所蕴含的道理和社会实际与作者形成深深的共鸣，让内涵得到升华。
《哈姆雷特》由莎士比亚所著，讲述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特的叔叔杀害了他的父亲，篡夺了王位并娶了哈姆雷特的母亲，哈姆雷特怀疑父亲的死因，并展开调查，最后中毒箭而死的故事。
该故事创作于十六、七世纪的英国制度转折期，国家繁荣，政局稳定，社会生产力迅速发展的生产关系，加速了封建社会的瓦解，但这一繁荣景象都是以剥削农民为基础的，社会矛盾的激化导致封建政权摇摇欲坠，并为资产阶级革命的爆发做好了铺垫，《哈姆雷特》这部作品真好放映了这一时代。
该故事结构紧凑，情节波澜起伏，并十分具有人文色彩，故事表述情真意切，使读者感同身受。
品读文学作品，通过对重要段落的反复研究，方能理解其内涵，把握其灵魂，感受其魅力。
《研究生英语英美文学欣赏》课程简介
《研究生英语英美文学欣赏》课程简介课程编号：课程名称：研究生英语英美文学欣赏学时与学分：34学时/1学分时间：2013-2 ---- 2013-7教学对象：全日制非英语专业研究生教师：刘晓燕等课程描叙一、课程性质和任务本课程的目的是为培养理解和鉴赏英国和美国文学原著的能力而设置一门选修课程，旨在使学生掌握英国和美国文学源流和发展的基础上，通过阅读代表性的英国和美国文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色，并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，增强对作品中表现的社会生活和人物感情的理解，提高语言基本功和阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平，提升整体人文素质。
本课程的主要内容包括英国和美国文学史上代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读，结合英国和美国文学各个历史断代的主要历史背景，文学文化思潮和流派，社会政治、经济、文化等对英国和美国文学史上最具有影响、最具有代表性的作家的作品中的艺术特色、主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格和思想意义等进行深入地分析。
本课程主要为英美文学欣赏课，课堂讲授与研讨相结合。
教师布置学生课前对作家生平、历史背景、和阅读材料进行研究，课堂上进行重点阅读和分析。
本课程要求学生大量阅读，结合课堂上所讲授的英美文学的基本知识点和文学理论批评方法，体会经典文学作品的语言精妙之处、人物塑造方法、情节架构、文学修辞手法、写作技巧等等，并进而了解历史时代背景、文化知识、社会政经形势等。
此外，本课程还要求学生能积极参与课堂讨论，鼓励新观点和新视角，能运用文学理论批评方法研究作品，学期中将不定期地布置相关作业，学期末将以学术论文的形式考查学习效果。
二、课程的教学内容及学时分配第1学时英国文艺复兴时期简介重点：文艺复兴；人文主义；主要作家和艺术特色第2-3学时莎士比亚（I）（II）重点：要重点理解莎士比亚思想和创作风格的变化，了解莎士比亚十四行诗的特点，品味莎士比亚作品的特色，能够对莎士比亚部分作品进行现代阐释。
英美文学中的哥特传统与经典作品赏析
鉴赏英美文学中的哥特传统与经典作品赏析丁超峰 平顶山学院摘要：哥特式风格的文学作品最早出现在18世纪的英国，哥特式作品通过强烈的超自然的阴郁氛围揭露社会上的阴暗面和不公平的现象，因而受到文学家的喜爱。
特别是在描写爱情故事中，扭曲恐怖的描写方式体现出人类的阴暗面，也是对社会上的正统思想权威的挑战，这一风格的灵魂角色以塑造吸血鬼为主，本文探究了哥特传统，带着读者赏析哥特式的经典作品展现其在英美文学历史上的重要地位。
关键词：英美文学；哥特式；传统；经典作品；探究哥特式小说在18世纪诞生以后就在文学领域扩散开，并在英美文学中占有一席之地，这一风格的作品是通过阴森恐怖氛围的塑造，揭示出社会上的暴力面和阴暗面，不管是通俗作家还是主流的文学作家都表现出浓厚的兴趣，在文学界，没有任何一种其他的形式能够和哥特式风格小说相媲美。
一、英美文学中哥特作品的发展哥特式文学作品以阴森恐怖的气氛著名，在阅读的时候常常让人压抑的无法呼吸。
在这种文学形式发展的初期阶段，由于其消极的一面并不被主流的文学发展接受，反而受到抵制，一直维持到18世纪的后期，霍勒斯·沃波尔的《奥特兰托城堡》的小说问世后，引起了极大的反响，人们逐渐开始关注这种文学创作形式。
受到哥特式小说的影响，18世纪后期的文学作品一般都是以人员稀少的古堡或者荒原为背景，故事情节的展开也往往和暴力、人伦相悖或者恐怖相关。
当时的很多作家逐渐发现哥特式小说能够将疾苦人民的心声变相表现出来，在他们的宣传和完善下，这一形式逐渐走上文学的顶峰，发展为主流文学艺术形式。
哥特式文学作品的发展正是在资本主义的缺陷、软暴力的存在及很多威胁人们生命财产等黑暗事件的笼罩下进行的。
在19世纪初期，以查尔斯·狄更斯为代表的英国作家，对哥特式小说进一步完善和发展，加深了各种各样人物的塑造，例如，狄更斯，将哥特式作品形式融入到现代文学创作中，为其注入了新鲜的血液，创作也很多为人称道的作品。
关于英美文学的论文
关于英美文学的论文英美文学作为世界文学史上的一颗璀璨明珠,不仅向世界文坛展示了英美文学的丰富内涵、人文主义情怀,还向世界民众呈现了英美民族悠久的历史和独特的文化传统。
下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学的论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英美文学的论文篇1论英美文学作品鉴赏教学摘要：随着国际交流日益广泛，培养国际化人才已成为现代社会高等教育的一项重要任务。
本文阐述了英美文学鉴赏教学对于培养学生语言能力素养、跨文化意识和人文精神的重要作用，通过探索和改进文学教学方法，提出了调动学生积极性，建立以学生为主体、教师为主导，课堂面授与网络教学相结合的全新立体化教学思路。
关键词：英美文学教学跨文化人文精神近年来，在经济全球化浪潮的冲击下，我国英美文学教学面临着困境。
在“实用主义”影响下，许多院校注重开设与市场关系较大的实用性课程，如外贸英语、商务英语、旅游英语等，英美文学的教学内容和课时量都被大幅度地压缩，文学课程受到冷落已经是不可回避的事实。
文学语言具有艺术性、形象性，且精美凝练，是培养学生跨文化交际能力最好的选择，忽视语言文化内涵的英语教学，只会导致学生对语言的理解和把握只停留在比较肤浅的层次上。
高校英美文学鉴赏教学应该摒弃传统的教学模式，利用先进的多媒体技术增加教学的形象性与趣味性，形成一门大学生人文素质课程，通过对文学作品的鉴赏培养学生良好的语言应用能力、人文素质、文学修养和跨文化交际能力。
一、阅读英美文学作品的意义1.感受语言魅力文学是语言的艺术，是人类文化中最璀璨的珍宝，是语言大师经过加工提炼的语言，学生可以接触到小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧、传记等各种题材作品中最为丰富的语言现象。
英语表意功能强，或典雅深邃，或诙谐幽默;或含蓄婉约，或明快粗犷。
其凝练精美、形象生动的语言在英美作家作品里得到了淋漓尽致的体现。
通过阅读优秀的英美文学作品，学生可以感受英语音乐性的韵律美，品味作家的写作风格与语言特色。
作品本身的语言结构、修辞手段、韵律等特征让读者感受语言的多样性和丰富性，提高语言理解与表达能力和对作品的鉴赏力，使读者感受艺术的熏陶。
系统功能语言学视角下的英美文学赏析
《长江丛刊》2019.0839系统功能语言学视角下的英美文学赏析■胡二娟/三门峡职业技术学院摘 要：随着时代的发展，世界逐渐连成一个整体，国与国之间的交流越来越多，国与国之间的距离也是越来越近。
随着文化交流的深入，学习和研究外国文化的语言和文化的学者越来越多。
学习外国的先进文化，了解不同于我们国家的文化，有助于开拓学生们的视野，更好的了解这个世界。
本篇文章主要讲述了对于英美文学的赏析，赏析英美国家的文化、文学和语言的魅力。
对英美文学的赏析主要是在系统功能语言学的角度下进行鉴赏。
在系统功能语言学的角度来鉴赏英美文学的作品，通过具体的作品和语法句式来进行赏析，来讲述在系统功能语言学视角下对英美文学赏析的方式以及意义。
关键词：系统功能语言学 视角 英美文学赏析根据系统功能性语言的观点，有人认为，语言可以被看作为一个系统的语义的网络，其主要是用来表达相关的概念，用于人际之间的交往和用语言的谋篇的功能来表达深层次的含义。
要实现语言的交际功能，不是单单通过简单的词语或者句子就可以实现，而是需要在某一个特定的环境下，有一系列完整的语句来完成语言的交际的功能。
我们从系统功能语言学的角度下来赏析英美文学的作品，来分析英美文学作品中优美的词句，分析作者通过语言来表达深层次的含义，分析文章中深刻的蕴意。
用系统功能语言学的观点，来深度的挖掘英美文学的内在深意，这是一个非常好的角度来赏析英美文学的作品。
一、系统功能语言学系统的本质以及理论的简单概况系统功能语言系统的理论中对于“系统（system ）”这一概念的提出最开始是Firth ，费尔斯。
Firth ，J.R.Papers in Linguistics ，1934-1951，J.R.语言学论文。
费尔斯认为语篇是一种纵聚合的关系（paradigmatic relations ）和横组合关系（syntagmatic relations ）的结合。
语篇是这两种关系相互作用的结果，互相作用的结果称之为“系统”，两者的关系称之为结构（structure ）。
英美文学鉴赏2教学文稿
英美文学鉴赏21. Duke of Normandy conquered England on October 14, 1066. From then on began the medieval period.2. The most magnificent prose work of the 15th century is Le Morte D' Arthur concerning with Arthurian legend.3. The only important prose writer in the 15th century is Sir Thomas Malory4. In 55 B. C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar, the Roman conqueror. Along with the invasion came the Roman mode of life into Britain.5.In the year 1066, the Normans defeated the Anglo-Saxons at the battle of Hasting6.The fifteenth century has been traditionally described as the barren age in English literature. But it is the spring tide of English ballads7.After the Norman Conquest, feudal system was established in English society.8.The year of 1381 witnessed a famous peasant uprising led by Wat Tylerand and John Ball.9.In English poetry, a quatrain is ( A )A. a four-line stanzaB. a coupletC. a fourteen-line stanzaD. a terza rima10.Knights of the Round Table are characters serving ( C ) in legends, which depict chivalry in early literature.A. Sir LancelotB. Sir GodwinC. King ArthurD. King Henry VIII11.Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the ( C )A. Renaissance periodB. seventeenth centuryC. Middle Ages .D. eighteenth century12.( C ) was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of the Bible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. WycliffeD. Chaucer13.The story of ( A ) is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. The story of Beowulfc. Piers the plowmanD. The Canterbury Tales14. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The Normans spoke ( A ).A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish15.FreudianismKey: Freudianism: Freudianism derives from Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freudianism emphasizes the importance of unconscious forces in determining the beliefs and actions of human beings. The theory also has great influence on literature in the 20th century. A lot of modern writers such as Woolf, Joyce and Lawrence are deeply influenced by Freudianism.16.Middle English periodKey: Middle English period: The four and a half centuries between the Norman Conquest in 1066, which effected radical changes in the language, life, and culture of England, and about 1500, when the standard literary language had become recognizably modem English, that is, similar to the language we speak and write today.17.Arthurian legendKey: Arthurian legend: It is a group of tales (in several languages) that developed in the Middle Ages concerning Arthur, semi-historical king of the Britons and his knights. The legend is a complex weaving of ancient Celtic mythology with later traditions around a core of possible historical authenticity.18.What is the influence of the Norman Conquest upon English language and literature?Key: (1) During the period of the Norman Conquest, English and Norman· French existed side by side in England, together with Latin. French for quite a long time prevailed among the noble; Latin was at bigger schools and it also used in the churches and monasteries; and the lower ranks made use of English.(2) In this period, English language had experienced gradual but radical and extensive changes. Thousands of words were borrowed from French and. through French from Latin and also Greek, but many English worlds disappeared at the same time. The English language in this transitional stage. from Old English to Modern English has generally been known as Middle English.(3) The literature was varied in interest and extensive in range. The Normans began to write histories or chronicles. Most of them were written in Latin of French. The prevailing form of literature in the feudal England was the Romance.19.What are the essential features of romance in the medieval English literature?Key: The romance was the prevailing form of literature in the Middle Ages. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, used to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds. Its essential features are:(1) The central character of the romance is the knight, a man of noble birth skilled in the use of weapons. He is commonly described as riding forth to accomplish some missions to protect the church, to attack infidelity, to rescue a maiden, to meet a challenge or to obey a knightly command.(2) Romantic love is an important part of the plot in the romance.(3) It lacks general resemblance to truth or reality.(4) The structure is loose and episodic, anđ the language is simple and straight forward.20.What is the most important department of English folk literature? And make commentson its most famous cycle: the Robin Hood Ballads.Key: 1) The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. A ballad is a story told in song, usually in quatrains with alternating four-stress and three-stress lines, the second and fourth lines rhyming. When it was chanted by ball-assigners, the audience joined in a refrain which usually followed each stanza. They are mainly the literature of the peasants, and in them one is able to understand the outlook of the English common people in feudal society.The subject of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters of class struggle.2) The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called Robin Hood. Robin Hood, a legendary popular hero, is depicted in the ballads as a valiant outlaw, famous in archery, living under the greenwood tree with his merry men, taking from the rich and giving to the poor, waging war against bishops and archbishops, and constantly hunted by the sheriffs, whom he constantly outwits.Clearly the historical origin of Robin Hood and his band of outlaws is to be found in the perpetual struggles of the peasants against the landlords, against the local officials and against the king's judges. Robin Hood is a partly historical and partly legendary character.The character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong, brave and clever, he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate. But the dominant Key in his character is his hatred for the cruel oppressors and his love for the poor and downtrodden. Robin Hood appears to be devout and orthodox in religion. Another feature of Robin's view is his reverence for the king. The king appears in the ballads as an intermediary between the outlaws and his officials. and judges, as the humorous and understanding guest in the greenwood, feasting on his own stolen deer. In spite. of this, the Robin Hood ballads show the fighting spirit, indomitable courage and revolutionary energy of the English peasantry.21.Make comments on the romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.Key: (1) The story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the culmination of the Arthurian romances. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, used to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds.(2) This romance is an interesting combination of French and Saxon element. It is written in an elaborate stanza combining meter and alliteration. At the end of each stanza, there is a rimed refrain.(3) Its theme id a series of tests on faith, courage, purity and human weakness for self-preservation.(4) Besides, the romance. gives the reader an engrossing tale well told, vested in beautiful poetry and containing many artistic merits. With a preference for irony, suggestion and implication, the author tries to make his romance the vehicle of a wise morality in which the humorous grotesque merges with the morally serious. Its language is simple and straightforward. That is why the poem has shared great popularity over and above most other romances of the period.。
英美经典文学作品的鉴赏与阅读审美分析
英美经典文学作品的鉴赏与阅读审美分析作者：马海艳来源：《出版广角》2015年第15期【摘要】阅读并赏析英美经典文学作品，不仅有利于学生熟悉西方文化背景，还有利于学生发现中西文化的不同，尤其是对部分英美经典文学作品的赏析，有助于学生体会西方文学语言在人物刻画、主体结构和语言特色方面的独特魅力。
本文立足于英美文学作品的特点，阐述了帮助学生鉴赏英美经典文学作品的方法，旨在提高学生的综合素质。
【关键词】英美经典文学作品;鉴赏;阅读审美【作者单位】马海艳，黄河科技学院新闻传播学院。
在西方文学的发展史上，英美经典文学有极大的影响力。
阅读并赏析英美经典文学作品，不仅有利于学生熟悉西方文化背景，还有利于学生发现中西文化的不同。
尤其是对部分英美经典文学作品的赏析，有助于学生体会西方文学语言在人物刻画、主体结构和语言特色方面的独特魅力，学生可以通过对英美经典文学作品的赏析来不断提高自身鉴赏英美文学作品的能力。
现阶段高校专业课程的内容设置，应该通过赏析英美经典文学作品，帮助学生树立积极健康的心态，提升其审美能力和文化素养。
本文立足于英美文学作品的特点，阐述了帮助学生鉴赏英美经典文学作品的方法，旨在提高学生的综合素质。
一、鉴赏英美经典文学作品的重要意义英美经典文学作品具有较高的文学价值，是学生了解英美国家思想文化，提高自身文化素养的重要渠道。
英美两国的历史文化丰富多彩，时代背景和很多社会风俗都会被写入文学作品。
世界文坛不少知名作家都来自英美两国，他们的作品广为传颂。
如海明威、爱默生、莎士比亚以及马克·吐温等人的作品，具有较为鲜明的语言风格，表现了特定的人文思想及独特的时代背景。
因此，在英美经典文学作品鉴赏的过程中，需要结合当时的英美文化背景，才可能领会作品的精髓。
通过阅读这些文学作品，学生读懂了西方文化，提高了文学鉴赏能力，同时也提高了对文学作品的阅读审美能力。
通过对英美经典文学作品的赏析，学生了解了英美两国的文化历史，提高了自身的文化修养，拓宽了知识面，形成多元化的知识结构。
英美文学鉴赏PPT课件
and science of ancient Greece and Rome were being born again after long years of neglect. • Essence: humanism
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4.Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)
• One of the pioneers of the realistic novel in 18th century • Masterpiece: Robinson Crusoe (1719)
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Robinson Crusoe
• Three types of sonnet
1) Petrarchan sonnet (彼特拉克体/意大利十四行诗 )
2) Spenserian Sonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗） 3) Shakespearian Sonnet（莎士比亚/英国体十四行诗
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Shakespearian Sonnet
• Language: ①different poetic forms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. ②rich in vocabulary and idiom.
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3.John Milton(1608-1674)
• Forerunner of the English realistic novel • Based on a real story(P30) • plot (P30-31) • Image of Robinson Crusoe: typical of the English
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英美文学鉴赏
——从人物的语言角度赏析鉴赏一篇文章，我们可以从不同的角度去分析，而作品中人物的语言描写就
是一个比较常见的角度。
语言描写是塑造人物形象的重要手段，一段精彩的语言描写可以鲜明地展示人物的性格，生动地表现人物的思想感情，深刻地反映人物的内心世界，让读者“如闻其声，如见其人”，使读者留下深刻的印象。
语言描写包括人物的独白和对话。
作品中出现的独白是人物心理活动的表现。
莎士比亚的四大悲剧之一《哈姆雷特》中有这样一段经典的独白：“To be, or not to be- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer……”父亲突然死亡，叔叔继位并且娶嫂为妻，与此同时，一个深夜，父亲冤死的鬼魂出现，让他复仇，之前精神的痛苦已使哈姆雷特的精神颓唐，而鬼魂揭露的真相又加重了他的心理负担。
在这样的情况下，哈姆雷特的内心才有这样一段独白。
这段独白反映了当时哈姆雷特内心的痛苦与纠结，他既希望可以可走出黑暗，但又摆脱不了对死亡的恐惧。
语言描写不仅反映了人物的心理活动，而且还预示并推动了整个故事的发展，从这段独白来看，我们不难看出接下来哈姆雷特会不惜一切代价复仇，而最终以悲剧收尾。
相比于独白，以对话形式出现的语言描写更常见。
从这些对话中，我们可以了解到人物的一些性格特征。
在马克•吐温的小说《汤姆•索亚历险记》中，有这样一段对话：“喂，汤姆，让我来刷点儿看看。
”汤姆想了一下，正打算答应他；可是他立刻又改变了主意：“不，不行，本，我想这恐怕不行。
要知道，波莉姨妈对这面墙是很讲究的，这可是当街的一面，不过要是后面的，你刷刷倒也无妨，姨妈也不会在乎的。
是，她对这道墙是非常讲究的。
刷这墙一定得非常精心。
我想在一千，也许在两千个孩子里，也找不出一个能按波莉姨妈的要求刷好这道墙的。
”“是吗？哎，就让我试一试吧。
我只刷一点儿，汤姆，如果我是你的话，我会让你试试的。
”“本，我倒是愿意，说真的。
可是，波莉姨妈，唉，吉姆想刷，可她不叫他刷，希德也想干，她也不让希德干。
现在，你知道我该有多么为难？要是你来摆弄这墙，万一出了什么毛病……”本来是一件谁都不想干的苦差事，可是经过汤姆这么一渲染，就有人傻傻地上当了，自愿帮他刷墙。
从这一段对话中，我们可以发现汤姆是一个有智慧的人，并且善于利用他的智慧。
马克•吐温在这个地方就为下文汤姆带领小伙伴们去历险并取得一定的成功做了铺垫。
语言描写时加入了说话者的语气、动作和神态，使人物性格更加鲜明，让读者有亲临现场，亲眼目睹此番情景的真切感受，更符合生活的真实。
通过分析作品中人物的语言描写，我们可以去了解一个人，从而去理解整部作品。
110204218 王磊。