建筑专业英语PPT
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《建筑英语》课件unit 2Construction Engineering
English for Architecture
Unit 2 Construction Engineering
Read to Know
Construction Engineering 建筑施工
All civil engineering projects have four distinct phases: planning, designing, construction and operation. The construction phase turns the project design into reality and the civil engineering contractor is responsible for the construction work. His overall objective is to complete the construction work efficiently within an estimated time to maximize his profits on the contract.
现场准备 包括移走和清理拟建场地地表上所有的建筑和生长物。对于小型建筑和树木采用推土机即
可，大型建筑必须拆除。
Unit 2 Construction Engineering
Earthmoving This includes excavation and the placement of earth fill. Excavation follows preparation of the site, and is performed when the existing grade must be brought down to a new elevation. Excavation generally starts with the separate stripping of the organic topsoil, which is later reused for landscaping around the new structure. Excavation may be done by any several excavaters, such as shovels, draglines, clamshells, cranes, scrapers .
第二章 建设材料和建筑结构 工程管理专业英语ppt课件
虽然现浇混凝土具备更大的灵活性和适应性,但一般很难控
制其混合料,特别是在天气条件不好的情况下。
Review Questions and Problems
1.What are the types of foundations? List some examples for each type of foundation.
Reading material
The Total Cost of Building Materials
2 . Ecological Costs •Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the ysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.
制其混合料,特别是在天气条件不好的情况下。
Review Questions and Problems
1.What are the types of foundations? List some examples for each type of foundation.
Reading material
The Total Cost of Building Materials
2 . Ecological Costs •Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the ysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.
建筑学专业英语课件
1.Vocabulary
7） structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，构筑物
～ in space： 空间结构（桁架，网架等） ～ plan： 结构设计，结构方案 ～ types： 结构类型
structural a.结构的，构造的；建筑上的
～ behavior： 构造性能，结构特征 ～ carpentry： 大木作，木结构 ～ drawings： 结构图 ～ wall： 承重墙
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
21） doorway n. 门口，门前通道 door window n. 落地窗 door class n. 门（防火）等级
22） site n. 地点，位置，基址；工地，现场
～ analysis ： 场地分析 ～ plan ： 场地平面图，总布置图 ～ planning ： 场地规划，总平面设计 ～ selection ： 选址 ～ of construction ： 施工现场，建筑工地
14） property n. 财富，资产，所有权，地产； 性质，性能
～ line ： 地界线，建筑红线
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
15） grid n. 格子，隔栅
gridiron n. 格状结构；铁篦子
16） cantilever n. 悬臂，悬臂梁
～ bridge ： 悬臂桥
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
architectural a. 建筑的；建筑学的
～ acoustics： 建筑声学 ～ appearence： 建筑外观 ～ area： 建筑面积 ～ complex： 建筑群，建筑总体 ～ design ：建筑设计 ～ lighting ：建筑采光，建筑照明 ～ specifications ：建筑规范 ～ style ：建筑风格，建筑式样 ～ working drawing ：建筑施工图
7） structure n.结构，构造；建筑物，构筑物
～ in space： 空间结构（桁架，网架等） ～ plan： 结构设计，结构方案 ～ types： 结构类型
structural a.结构的，构造的；建筑上的
～ behavior： 构造性能，结构特征 ～ carpentry： 大木作，木结构 ～ drawings： 结构图 ～ wall： 承重墙
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
21） doorway n. 门口，门前通道 door window n. 落地窗 door class n. 门（防火）等级
22） site n. 地点，位置，基址；工地，现场
～ analysis ： 场地分析 ～ plan ： 场地平面图，总布置图 ～ planning ： 场地规划，总平面设计 ～ selection ： 选址 ～ of construction ： 施工现场，建筑工地
14） property n. 财富，资产，所有权，地产； 性质，性能
～ line ： 地界线，建筑红线
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
15） grid n. 格子，隔栅
gridiron n. 格状结构；铁篦子
16） cantilever n. 悬臂，悬臂梁
～ bridge ： 悬臂桥
Unit 1: Architecture
1.Vocabulary
architectural a. 建筑的；建筑学的
～ acoustics： 建筑声学 ～ appearence： 建筑外观 ～ area： 建筑面积 ～ complex： 建筑群，建筑总体 ～ design ：建筑设计 ～ lighting ：建筑采光，建筑照明 ～ specifications ：建筑规范 ～ style ：建筑风格，建筑式样 ～ working drawing ：建筑施工图
建筑工程专业英语课件专业英语第3单元
Text A Components of a Building
Construction of Foundation Foundation is a very important part of a building. Foundation
engineering is a special subject. A foundation engineer should know how to examine the soil profile and arrive at a suitable foundation. The following are some of the different types of foundation generally used:
1. Planning the orientation, layout and dimension of the rooms of the building
2. The preparation of the features to make the building attractive Work of this nature for small buildings may be taken by nonarchitects also. However, the construction of a building should always be carried out under the supervision of a qualified person. We will now briefly examine the construction of the different components of buildings.
Text A Components of a Building
建筑专业英语课件Unit_7
costs. Any measures designer can take to standardize the design and forming（加工）will generally pay off（使人 得益）in reduced overall costs.
经济性 最重要的考虑常常是该结构的总
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete 钢筋混凝土的力学
Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. As a result, cracks develop（形成）whenever （每当）loads, or restrained shrinkage（收缩限制）or temperature changes, give rise to（导致）tensile stresses in excess of（超过）the tensile strength of the concrete. In the plain concrete（素混凝土）beam, the moments due to applied loads are resisted by an internal tensioncompression couple（拉压力偶）involving tension in the concrete. Such a beam fails very suddenly and completely when the first crack forms. In a reinforced concrete beam, steel bars（钢筋）are embedded in the concrete in such a way that the tension forces needed for moment equilibrium after the concrete cracks can be developed in the bars.
经济性 最重要的考虑常常是该结构的总
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete 钢筋混凝土的力学
Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. As a result, cracks develop（形成）whenever （每当）loads, or restrained shrinkage（收缩限制）or temperature changes, give rise to（导致）tensile stresses in excess of（超过）the tensile strength of the concrete. In the plain concrete（素混凝土）beam, the moments due to applied loads are resisted by an internal tensioncompression couple（拉压力偶）involving tension in the concrete. Such a beam fails very suddenly and completely when the first crack forms. In a reinforced concrete beam, steel bars（钢筋）are embedded in the concrete in such a way that the tension forces needed for moment equilibrium after the concrete cracks can be developed in the bars.
《英语建筑介绍》课件
The uppermost part of a building that protects it from the elements.
Building Materials
Concrete Steel Wood
Strong and versatile, concrete is commonly used in construction.
Career Opportunities in Architecture
Architect
Designing and planning buildings, coordinating with clients and contractors.
Interior Designer
Creating functional and aesthetically pleasing interior spor public spaces such as government buildings, museums, and educational institutions.
Different Styles of Architecture
Traditional Chinese Architecture
Characteristics
Neoclassical architecture draws inspiration from classical Greek and Roman designs, with symmetrical facades, columns, and pediments.
Famous Examples
Urban Planner
Developing strategies to shape the growth and development of cities and communities.
英语五种建筑构造简介PPT
2 3 4
5
Bent structure Shear wall structure
Tube structure
01
Frame structure 框架结构
Frame structure
Frame structure
The frame structure refers to the structure of the bearing system, which is formed by the connection of Liang Hezhu with steel bar, which is the horizontal load and vertical load which appear in the course of the use of Liang Hezhu. The housing wall frame structure not only plays the loadbearing, surrounding and separating effect, general use of aerated concrete, prefabricated expanded perlite, porous brick, hollow brick or pumice, vermiculite, ceramsite lightweight masonry or plate assembly. 框架结构是指由梁和柱以钢筋相连接而成，构成承重体系的结构，即由梁和柱组成框架共同抵抗使用过程中 出现的水平荷载和竖向荷载。框架结构的房屋墙体不承重，仅起到围护和分隔作用，一般用预制的加气混凝土、 膨胀珍珠岩、空心砖或多孔砖、浮石、蛭石、陶粒等轻质板材砌筑或装配而成。
Frame structure
建筑工程专业英语课件(全)
Unit1
一、本单元学习要求 二、text学习 介绍text专业背景 词汇和短语 课程内容分析 课程内容难点分析 完成课后练习 三、reading material作为课后要求 四、supplement学习
一、本单元学习要求
1、掌握关于土木工程常用的英语专业词汇 的表示；
2、通过课程内容分析，概括土木工程所包 含的内容，并与中文专业表述进行比较， 进一步理解专业英语的表述；
3、课后自行阅读reading material，了解 土木行业的相关职业，能看懂并会写简 单的求职信；
4、学习专业英语中科技论文阅读技巧；
二、text学习
——Civil Engineering
专业背景介绍
所谓土木，是指一切和水、土、文化有关的基础建 设的计划、建造和维修。现时一般的土木工作项 目包括：道路、水务、渠务、防洪工程及交通等。 过去曾经将一切非军事用途的民用工程项目，归 类入本类，但随着工程科学日益广阔，不少原来 属于土木工程范围的内容都已经独立成科。目前， 从狭义定义上来说，土木工程（Civil Engineering） 也就是民用工程，即建筑工程（或称结构工程）、 桥梁与隧道工程、岩土工程、公路与城市道路、 铁路工程等这个小范围。
土木工程提出了特殊的挑战，因为由土木工程师设计建造 的每个结构或系统都是惟一的。一个结构几乎不能完全复 制成为另一个。
（2）Brevity简洁
专业英语的内容通常包括理论分析、公式推导和 研究的目的、范围、方法、步骤、结论等。在不 影响表达的前提下，语言应尽可能简洁，避免不 必要的润饰和重复，但并不排除会使用复杂句或 长句。
材料的屈服准则指可能导致材料屈服的应力组合 的数学表达式。换句话说，它表示应力与强度之 间的关系。
一、本单元学习要求 二、text学习 介绍text专业背景 词汇和短语 课程内容分析 课程内容难点分析 完成课后练习 三、reading material作为课后要求 四、supplement学习
一、本单元学习要求
1、掌握关于土木工程常用的英语专业词汇 的表示；
2、通过课程内容分析，概括土木工程所包 含的内容，并与中文专业表述进行比较， 进一步理解专业英语的表述；
3、课后自行阅读reading material，了解 土木行业的相关职业，能看懂并会写简 单的求职信；
4、学习专业英语中科技论文阅读技巧；
二、text学习
——Civil Engineering
专业背景介绍
所谓土木，是指一切和水、土、文化有关的基础建 设的计划、建造和维修。现时一般的土木工作项 目包括：道路、水务、渠务、防洪工程及交通等。 过去曾经将一切非军事用途的民用工程项目，归 类入本类，但随着工程科学日益广阔，不少原来 属于土木工程范围的内容都已经独立成科。目前， 从狭义定义上来说，土木工程（Civil Engineering） 也就是民用工程，即建筑工程（或称结构工程）、 桥梁与隧道工程、岩土工程、公路与城市道路、 铁路工程等这个小范围。
土木工程提出了特殊的挑战，因为由土木工程师设计建造 的每个结构或系统都是惟一的。一个结构几乎不能完全复 制成为另一个。
（2）Brevity简洁
专业英语的内容通常包括理论分析、公式推导和 研究的目的、范围、方法、步骤、结论等。在不 影响表达的前提下，语言应尽可能简洁，避免不 必要的润饰和重复，但并不排除会使用复杂句或 长句。
材料的屈服准则指可能导致材料屈服的应力组合 的数学表达式。换句话说，它表示应力与强度之 间的关系。
建筑专业英语PPT
First, the ground is excavated. Then, the concrete foundations are constructed. Later, the column base plates are fixed. Finally, the steel columns are erected.
确定建筑物的一部分或这些句子中描述装配顺序的阶段：
a)This cannot be put in place until the upper floor steel columns have been erected. 这个不能到位，知道楼上树立好钢柱。
b)Before fixing these, the workmen erect the corner units. 在解决这些之前，工人们建造角落单位。
这个顺序划分为四个阶段或部分：
Phase 1
Ground is excavated
挖掘地基
Concrete foundations are constructed
混凝土基础构造
Column base plates are fixed 柱形基础板固定
Steel columns are erected 树立钢柱
Vertical cladding panels are fixed 固定垂直覆盖层板
Suspended ceilings are fixed 固定吊顶
Partitions are erected 划分区域
Services are installed in the ceiling void 在吊顶空间安装服务
首先，挖掘地基。然后，搭建混凝土基础构造。之后，确定柱形基础板。最后， 树立钢柱。
建筑类专业英语演讲PPT ：The Enclosed Square
The qualities which affect the degree of enclosure:
1.The nature of the enclosing buildings’ roof line. 建筑的屋面线产生自然的天际线
The dome of the sky is the ceiling for the plaza.
广场空间就是为市民提供四季相宜，满足进行各种活动需求的空间。
Shady Havens
Shady havens are comfortable, small and intimate place where are refreshingly cool. 林荫口袋广场是一个舒适，私密但占地 很小，很适宜盛夏避暑清爽凉快的休憩 空间。 e.g. Paley Park in New York City
Paley Park's steps set it off from the street, yet also welcome people in.
The water and the trees not only make the shady havens shade, quiet and cool, but also make the busy, noisy outside. 水景和浓密的树不仅令林荫口袋广场荫凉宁静，也屏蔽了都市的烦嚣 喧闹。
The Enclosed Square
课文解读 The Enclosed Square 课外扩展
空间限定 如何创造更舒适空间
There are five archetypal forms of squares
1.The closed square —— self-contained 2.The dominated square ——directed towards the main building 3.The nuclear square ——formed around acentre 4.Grouped square ——spetial units are combined to form large conpositions 5.The amorphous square—— unlimited
(推荐)《建筑系专业英语》PPT课件
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What do we expect out of windows?
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• I need a room overlooking sea.
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Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
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• The fact that openings in naturally occurring membranes are invariably thickened can be easily explained by considering how the lines of force in the membrane must flow around the hole. The increasing density of lines of force around the perimeter of the hole requires that additional material be generated there to prevent tearing.
Imagine: ABneitjainrcgt,icSah,aNnogrhthaei,rHnuNizohrwoua,y,gIutalnyg, zBhroauzi.li.a.n. jungle. . . .
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What is the best approach to
OVERLOOKING LIFE ?
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It is this thickening, around the eyes and mouth,
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What do we expect out of windows?
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• I need a room overlooking sea.
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Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
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• The fact that openings in naturally occurring membranes are invariably thickened can be easily explained by considering how the lines of force in the membrane must flow around the hole. The increasing density of lines of force around the perimeter of the hole requires that additional material be generated there to prevent tearing.
Imagine: ABneitjainrcgt,icSah,aNnogrhthaei,rHnuNizohrwoua,y,gIutalnyg, zBhroauzi.li.a.n. jungle. . . .
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What is the best approach to
OVERLOOKING LIFE ?
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It is this thickening, around the eyes and mouth,
建筑系专业英语259页PPT
• In line with this conception, build the frames as thickenings of the wall material, continuous with the wall itself, made of the same materials, and poured, or built up, in a manner which is continuous with the structure of the wall.
What do we expect out of windows?
• I need a room overlooking sea.
Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
enormously from one part of tahbe uwiolrdldintogantoother.
It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,
though different in different times,
may be more or less constant within any given region.
• The same is true for doors and windows in a building.
• Where the walls are made of wood planks and lightweight concrete fill - see WALL MEMBRANES (218) - the thickened frames can be made from the same wood planks, placed to form a bulge, and then filled to be continuous with the wall. If other types of skin are used in the wall membranes, there will be other kinds of thickening: edges formed with chicken wire, burlap, and resin, filled with concrete; edges formed with chicken wire filled with rubble, and then mortar, plaster; edges formed with brick, filled, then plastered.
What do we expect out of windows?
• I need a room overlooking sea.
Also we repeat, obviously this figure will vary
enormously from one part of tahbe uwiolrdldintogantoother.
It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,
though different in different times,
may be more or less constant within any given region.
• The same is true for doors and windows in a building.
• Where the walls are made of wood planks and lightweight concrete fill - see WALL MEMBRANES (218) - the thickened frames can be made from the same wood planks, placed to form a bulge, and then filled to be continuous with the wall. If other types of skin are used in the wall membranes, there will be other kinds of thickening: edges formed with chicken wire, burlap, and resin, filled with concrete; edges formed with chicken wire filled with rubble, and then mortar, plaster; edges formed with brick, filled, then plastered.
《建筑专业英语课件》
Reading Comprehension for Architectural Documents
1
Analyzing Construction Blueprints
Develop the skills to interpret and extract information from architectural drawings.
Cultural Differences and Crosscultural Communication in Architecture
1
Understanding Cultural Context
Explore how cultural differences can influence architectural design and communication.
Developing Winning Proposals
Discover techniques for creating compelling proposals that stand out to clients.
Communication Skills for Architecture Teamwork and Presentations
2
Effective Cross-cultural Communication
Learn strategies for bridging cultural gaps and fostering successful collaboration.
3
Adapting Designs for Global Markets
Understand the importance of cultural sensitivity when designing for diverse international markets.
建筑英文PPT
All the skyscrapers above Share the general character Which all the architects are always chasing for:
Taller but more sustainable.
Then, I will show you one of the newest skyscraper in China The Shanghai Centre. To tell how and why they are more sustainable. And with all the green technology used in the designing and contribution , how could the future life be like there. Just to scan and kown a little.
When it comes to the Mission Impossible 4th, everyone could recall the mind of Tom Cruise’s standing on the top of Burj Khalifa Tower. Skyscraper means power. Skyscraper means success. Skyscraper reflects the comprehensive strength of a city or a country.
Reduce the building’s carbon footprint by:
34,000 metric tons（公吨） per year
SUSTAINABLE
TOWER
建筑英语课件-6
roof characterized by two slopes on each of its sides with the lower slope, punctured by dormer
windows, at a steeper angle than
the upper. The steep roof with windows creates an additional floor of habitable space, (a garret), and reduces the overall height of the roof for a given number of habitable storeys. The upper slope of the roof may not be visible from street level when viewed from close proximity to the building.
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windows, at a steeper angle than
the upper. The steep roof with windows creates an additional floor of habitable space, (a garret), and reduces the overall height of the roof for a given number of habitable storeys. The upper slope of the roof may not be visible from street level when viewed from close proximity to the building.
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Manager经理 Project manager项目经理 Resident construction manager 驻工地总代表 Construction superintendent工 地主任 Controller staff member管理员 ，职员 Engineer工程师 Technician技术员 Economist经济员 Supervisor检查员 Foreman工长 Worker工人
固定梁和支撑结构
Phase 3
Weatherproof roof membrane is laid 铺设防风雨的屋顶防水层 Balustrade fixing plates are fixed 固定栏杆固定板 Comer units are erected 树立边角构件 Horizontal cladding panels are fixed 固定水平电镀板 Vertical cladding panels are fixed 固定垂直覆盖层板 Suspended ceilings are fixed 固定吊顶 Partitions are erected 划分区域 Services are installed in the ceiling void 在吊顶空间安装服务 Floor finishes are laid 铺设地板 Building is decorated 建筑装饰
关
Most of the civil engineering design has been done by the time the contract has been signed, and the contractor is bound by to follow the design as it is laid down in the drawings, though normally no contract is left without the supervision of a resident engineer or at least of a clerk of the works or a civil engineering inspector. 最重要的土木工程设计已完成，合同已经签订，和承包商势必按照设计图纸， 规定虽然通常没有合同没有监管的驻地工程师但是至少有名文员工程或土建工 程督察。
相关词汇：
1.foreman工头-------------------------supervision监督管理 bourers劳工------------------------doing manual work做体力劳动 3.machine drivers机械工人----------excavating ground挖掘土地 4.steel erectors钢结构安装工-------erecting steelwork安装钢结构 5.bricklayers砖瓦匠-------------------building brickwork砌筑砖墙 6.plumbers水管工---------------------installation of pipework and sanitary fittings 管道工程与洁具安装 7.joiners连接工------------------------manufacture of doors, windows, screens 制作门，窗，屏幕等 8.carpenters木匠-----------------------fixing of floor joists, roof timbers, doors,windows 安装地板托梁，屋顶木材，门，窗等 9.roofing contractor屋面承包方-----laying roof covering铺设屋面覆盖层 10.cladding fixers包层调停者-------fixing cladding固定维修包层 11.heating contractor加热承包商----installation of heating equipment 安装加热设备 12.electricians电工---------------------installation of electrical equipment电气设备安装 13.glaziers装玻璃工人----------------putting in glazing安装玻璃 14.decorators室内装潢师-------------decorating building建筑装潢 %
Ground is excavated
挖掘地基 Concrete foundations are constructed
混凝土基础构造
Column base plates are fixed 柱形基础板固定
Steel columns are erected
树立钢柱
First, the ground is excavated. Then, the concrete foundations are constructed. Later, the column base plates are fixed. Finally, the steel columns are erected. 首先，挖掘地基。然后，搭建混凝土基础构造。之后，确定柱形基础板。最后， 树立钢柱。
Civil engineering土建工程 Chemical engineering化工工程 Process工艺 Mechanical equipment机械设备 Electrical电气 Instrumentation仪表 Piping管道 Welding焊接 Furnace筑炉 Building建筑 Corrosion prevention防腐 Thermal-insulation保温 Heating-ventilation采暖通风 Quase 4
3.Identify the part of the building or the phase of assembly sequence described in these sentences:
确定建筑物的一部分或这些句子中描述装配顺序的阶段：
a)This cannot be put in place until the upper floor steel columns have been erected. 这个不能到位，知道楼上树立好钢柱。 b)Before fixing these, the workmen erect the corner units. 在解决这些之前，工人们建造角落单位。 c)During this phase the beams and bracing are fixed. 在这个阶段，梁和支撑是固定的。 d)The workmen fix these after constructing the concrete foundations. 工人们将在之后浇筑混凝土基础。 e)The electric wiring is installed during this phase. 在这个阶段安装电线。
Now look at the drawings of the next three stages and make statements about the sequence of events in phases 2, 3 and 4. 现在看看接下来三个阶段的图纸和在2,3,4部分关于项目顺序的说明。
Part 5 Extensive Reading
Site labor(网站劳动)
The two most important men on a construction site are the contractor’s agent and the navy. 在建筑工地最重要的两个人物是承包者代理人和工人。 The agent is important because he acts for the contractor and has the authority of the contractor on the site. 代理很重要，因为他对承包商的行为具有对网站的权威。 The navy is important because he, with perhaps hundreds of other navies, does most of the work. 工人的工作很重要是因为他们也许要作大部分的工作。 Compared with these two, although no civil engineer will happily admit it, the resident engineer comes third, for without him the work would be completed in time, though perhaps badly and at high cost to the client. 相比这两个，虽然公务员工程师不会意承认它，驻地工程师排为第三，但是没 有他的工作不会及时完成的，而且会花费成本很高。
Mechanic机械工 Electrician电工 Pipelayer管工 Welder焊工 Carpenter木工 Turner车工 Blacksmith铁工 Builder建筑工人 Erector安装工人 Riveter铆工 Rigger起重工 Concrete worker混凝土工 Engine-driver司机 Repair worker维修工
Piling打桩 Civil engineering 土建工程 Mechanical erection 机械安装 Piping配管 Electrical电气 Instrumentation仪表 Painting and insulation work 油漆和保温绝缘工作
Cracker 裂解器 Cracking furnace 裂解炉 Heating furnace 加热炉 Reactor 反应器 Mixer 搅拌器 Centrifuge 离心机 Belt-conveyer 皮带输送机