2011年下半年人事部英语笔译三级考试真题(2011年11月13日)
11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷
11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷Section 1：英译汉（50 分）Plans are well under way for a year of celebrations to mark the upcoming bicentennial of one of Poland's favorite native sons-Frédéric, Chopin.The prestigious International Chopin Competition for pianists will mark its 16th edition in October 2010. Held every five years, the competition draws scores of young musicians from all over the world. In addition, Warsaw's Chopin Museum, with the world's largest collection of Chopin documents and other artifacts, will undergo a total redesign, modernization and expansion.A lavishly illustrated new guidebook called "Chopin's Poland" was already published this year. It leads visitors to dozens of sites in Warsaw and elsewhere around the country where the composer lived, ate, studied, performed, visited or even partied."Actually, Chopin doesn't need to be promoted, but we hope that Poland and Polish culture can be promoted through Chopin," said Monika Strugala, who is coordinating the Chopin 2010 program under the aegis of the Fryderyk ChopinInstitute, a body set up by the Sejm in 2001 to promote and protect Chopin's work and image."We want to confirm to all that he is a very, very important Polish symbol," she said. Indeed, it's not much of an exaggeration to say that Chopin's music flows through the Polish national consciousness like some sort of cultural lifeblood. The son of a Polish mother and a French émigréfather, Chopin was born in a manor house at Zelazowa Wola, about 50 kilometers, or 30 miles, west of Warsaw, and moved to Warsaw as an infant.The manor is something of a Chopin shrine-since the 1930 s it has been a museum and center for concerts. Like the Chopin Museum in Warsaw, it, too, is undergoing extensive renovation as part of bicentennial preparations.Chopin spent his first 20 years in and around Warsaw. He was already a noted pianist as a boy and composed concertos and other important works as a teenager. He carried Polish soil with him when he left Warsaw on a concert tour in 1830, just a few weeks before the outbreak of the November Uprising, an abortive Polish revolt against Czarist Russia, which then ruled Warsaw and a broad swath of Polishterritory.Chopin remained in exile in France after the uprising was crushed. But so attached was he to his native land that after his death in Paris in 1849 his heart-on his own instructions-was brought back to Warsaw for interment. The rest of his body is buried in the Père Lachaise cemetery in Paris."For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also,"reads the Biblical inscription on a plaque where his heart is kept today, preserved in an urn and concealed in a pillar of the Holy Cross Church in central Warsaw. Mozart's"Requiem" will be performed here as part of Bicentennial events.Exile and patriotism, as well as extraordinary genius, have long made Chopin's appeal transcend all manner of social and political divides.Polish folk motifs thread through some of his finest pieces, and patriotic fervor,as well as homesick longing, infuse some of his best-known works.Section 2：汉译英（50 分）国际金融危机给中国带来了前所未有的困难和挑战。
2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案综合类(A)
2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案综合类（A级）2011-8-3 10:36 中华会计网校【大中小】【打印】【我要纠错】第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项1 For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.A unclearB obviousC majorD minor2 The sea turtle's natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A greatlyB suddenlyC generallyD slightly3 I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A instructingB notifyingC pushingD inviting4 It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A raiseB poseC experienceD handle5 The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A ignoredB organizedC causedD received6 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand7 At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A energeticB happyC aloneD busy8 Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.A shakingB turningC jumpingD shouting9 A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A reportedB provedC praisedD caughtA anxiousB sureC sadD afraid11 At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB attachC loseD understand12 Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.A doubtingB sayingC thinkingD knowing13 He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A maintainedB recommendedC consideredD acknowledged14 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp15 She always finds fault with everything.A criticizesB simplifiesC evaluatesD examines第2部分：阅读判断（第16〜22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2011,6英语三级真题
2011，6 三级真题PartⅠListening (20 points)partⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 points,20minutes)Section A Grammar(10 points)21.Once environment damage_____,it takes many years for the system to recover.A)is done B)has done C)is to be done D)does22.The government_____hoping to make their findings known soon.A)is B)has been C)are D)be23.He insisted that she_____improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice.A)could B)would C)might D)should24.We need_____books than those you have bought us.A)many many B)many more C)much more D)more many25.I feel more_____about my career than I used to.A)relaxed B)relaxing C)relax D)relaxation26.They are faced with the problem_____they should continue the work.A)if B)that C)which D)whether27.Whenever I met her ,____was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.A)which B)who C)when D)that28.It is not long____the news spread and people from all over the world came to visit this miracle.A)after B)before C)when D)until29.I finally got the job I dreamed about .Never in all my life____so happy.A)did I feel B)I left C)I had left D)had I left30.Where shall I put my boxes ?The drawer is the place____.A)to put them B)putting them in C)to put them in D)to put in themSection B Vocabulary(5 points)31.How much does it____to make an international call to Australia?A)pay B)spent C)use D)cost32.I don't think these gifts are ____for our foreign guests.A)probable B)suitable C)capable D)reasonable33.I think I'd like to stay at home this evening____go to the movie.A)rather than B)less than C)other than D)more than34.He said I had stolen his wallet,but I___it.A)refused B)declined C)denied D)disagreed35.Mr.Smith will____the job as Sale Manager after Peter leaves the company.A)work out B)take over C)turn over D)put awaySection C Substitution(5 points)36.Worry over his job puts him under a great stress.A)support B)effort C)pressure D)power37.Healthy depends on good food,fresh air and sufficient sleep.A)large B)result C)sound D)enough38.The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.A)goal B)result C)from D)demand39.The government is trying to cope with the serious problems caused by the energy crisis.A)come up with B)meet with C)deal with D)stay with40.Apart from one or two minor mistakes, I thought the concert was excellent.A)except B)except for C)except from D)besidesPart ⅢReading Comprehension (30 points,30 minutes) Passage OneQuestions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage.When someone has deeply hurt you,it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible--and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health. Indeed,research has shown that people who forgive report more energy,better appetite and better sleep patterns."It can help save on the wear and tear on our system," says Dr.Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good.So when someone has hurt you ,calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure:a beautiful scene in nature,someone you love ,Don't wait for an apology. "Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing,"says Dr.Luskin. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way. So if you wait for people to apologize,you could be waiting a very long time." Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upset you. Instead,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things from the other person's perspective(视角). You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance(无知),feat--even love. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to yourself from that person's point of view.41.The passage is mainly written to explain_____.A)how to keep yourself from being hurtB)how to stay mentally healthyC)how and when to remain calmD)why and how to pardon others42.Research has shown that forgiveness allows people to _____.A) feel more energeticB)enjoy more foodC)sleep in better waysD)all of the above43.According to the passage, what is the right way to calm down after being hurt?A)Try to figure out why you get hurt.B)Write a letter to the person who hurt you.C)Think about pleasant things and forget about the hurt.D)Persuade yourself to accept what others have done to you.44.Dr.Luskin advises us not to wait for an apology after being hurt because_____.A)we are not patient enoughB)people seldom want to apologizeC)we'd feel worse accepting others' apologyD)people don't mean it when they apologizePassage TwoQuestions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage.Your beliefs are very powerful and have the power to create or to destroy your life. In most cases, whatever you believe is what you will become. If you believe that you are a loser, that you never get a breakthrough in life, these things will be your reality. Believe that you are unlimited, that you can do anything you hope to do, and when you do, your accomplishments will know no bounds. You control your beliefs, and that is how you finally control your life.Many of our beliefs come from our environment, the world we live in on a daily basis. If your environment is limiting your beliefs, then work very hard on changing it. If you are constantly around people who are negative and limiting, find other people to hang out with and get around positive, successful people.Beliefs also come from past experience. That is why it is so important to experience success on a regular basis. Set small achievable goals, and then try your best to reach them. When you start to experience success, then you start to believe in success, and that leads to more and bigger successes.Beliefs come from knowledge. The more you learn, the more things you will know to be possible. Always take the advantage of opportunities to learn something new. It will bring new possibilities into your beliefs and your life.Most importantly, you can develop new beliefs by setting and visualizing(设想) goals for your life. Define your goals clearly. Then in your mind, see yourself achieving them in all of their sensory details. The beliefs formed in this way will lead you to their reality.45.In the author's opinion, your life depends on_____.A) your environment where you live B) your experiencesC) your knowledge and opportunities D) your beliefs46.Which of the following statements is true?A) You should try your best to help your negative people around you.B) You should try to achieve small success to believe in success first.C) The more knowledge you learn, the more you will control your life.D). You should stick to your own beliefs without changing.47.According to the passage, what is the most important about your beliefs?A) To imagine your success with your senses.B) To make efforts to achieve them.C) To learn as much knowledge as possible.D) To try to experience success regularly.48.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①-----⑤stand for "Paragraph 1---Paragraph 5")A) B）C）D）①①①①②③④②②③④③④⑤⑤⑤②③④⑤Passage ThreeQuestions 49 to 53 are based on the following passage.When a consumer finds that an item he bought is faulty or does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty(保单), or any other helpful records at the store of purchase. If this action does not work, there are various means that may be used to gain satisfaction.A simple and common method is to complain directly to the store manager. Generally, the "higher up" the consumer takes his complaint, the faster he can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, if he has a just claim.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item. If this cannot be done, he will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather by making general statements.The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. He can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting the consumer's rights.49.When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to_____.A) threaten to take the matter to courtB) show some written proof of the purchase to the storeC) complain personally to the managerD) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase50.If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it is better to complain to_____.A) the store manager B) a shop assistantC) the manufacturer D) a public organization51.Suppose a consumer finds fault in his tape recorder, what would he say to the store manager?A) This tape recorder doesn't work.B) This tape recorder is not so good as before.C) This sound coming out of the right speaker is unclear.D) This is the warranty, you must change a new one for me.52.The most effective complaint can be made by_____.A) saying firmly that the item is of poor qualityB) showing the faulty item to the manufacturerC) asking politely to change the itemD) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item53.The passage tells us how to_____.A) avoid buying a faulty itemB) deal with complaints from customersC) make an effective complaint about a faulty itemD) settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty itemSection B Short Answer Questions(4 point, 1 point each)Dear Mr.Doe, March 1,2011 Thank you for coming in for an interview last Friday. Today I'm writing to inform you that we have decided to offer you employment with us as an assistant sales manager, as from April 1 this year. Congratulations!To confirm your acceptance of this employment offer, will you please forward the following documents to us by separate mail by March 10? Please be reminded that failure to forward these documents by this date could result in the cancellation of this employment offer.(1)Your letter of acceptance of this employment offer.(2)One copy of your birth certificate.(3)Two copies of your full resume.As soon as we receive the above documents from you, I will e-mail you again to let you know when you have to come to the office for further details.Best regards.Jack ChenDirectorPersonnel Department 54.What job does the company offer Mr.Doe?Assistant______________________.55.What is Mr.Doe asked to do?Mr.Doe is asked to forward some_______________by separate mail by March 10.56.What will be the result if Mt.Doe fails to forward these documents?This employment offer will be_______________.57.What documents does Mr.Doe need to forward?He needs to forward his _______________of this employment offer, one copy of his birth certificate and two copies of his full resume.Part IV Translation(20 points, 20 minutes)Section A( 10 points, English into Chinese)The home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years. (58) Computer used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use. But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. (59) As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficult for human beings to workout.(60) Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories(库存货物) and to send bills to their customer. (61)Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with other offices. (62) People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.58.___________________________________________________________________.59.___________________________________________________________________.60.___________________________________________________________________.61.___________________________________________________________________.62.___________________________________________________________________. Section B (10 points, Chinese into English)63. ____________________________________________________(如果你碰巧遇见他)，tell him that I miss him very much. （Book2, P27）64. John__________________________________________________________(把这项工作看作一次挑战) to him and accepted it with pleasure. (Book2, P70)65. On the one hand I want to keep healthy,but_____________________________________________________(另一方面我又不愿戒烟).66.This experiment_________________ （证明) thatmilk____________________________(起重要作用) in children's growth. (Book1, P74) 67. According to the law,________________________________________(司机被禁止开车) after drinking.68. The magazine will enable a scientis to__________________________________________________________________________ __________(始终跟上他所在领域的最新发展). (Book1, P10)69. 他花费了很长时间才适应了那份新工作。
2011年12月三级考试真题答案
1-5 B C A A A 6-10 D B D C C11-13 C A C 14-16 C C B 17-20 D C D CFor Americans, time is money. They say, “You only get so much time in this life: you’d better use it wisely.” The future will not be 21 better than the past or present, 22 unless people use their time for constructive activities. Thus, Americans 23 admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a 24 schedule for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is considerate of other people’s time. They do not 25 waste people’s time with conversation or other activity that has no 26 visible beneficial outcome.The American attitude toward time is not necessarily 27 shared by others, especially non- Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as 28 something that simply there around them not something they can use. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In this context the fast food industry can be seen as 29 a clear example of American culture product McDonal d’s, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald’s restaurants spread around the world, they have been viewed as 30 a symbol of American society and culture bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.Passage one31. A。
xxxx年下半年人事部英语笔译三级考试真题.docx
2011年下半年人事部英语笔译三级考试真题（2011年11月13日）/catti/zhenti/20111114/110957312.html来源：互联网【考试大：中国最给力的教育考试网站】 2011年11月14日Section 1 English-Chinese Translation ( 50 points )Translate the following passage into Chinese.This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities like Manila and Jakarta, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made to local water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency’s report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency’s proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That’s especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.Section 2 Chinese-English Translation ( 50 points )Translate the following passage into English.即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。
2011-2020CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题
2011-2020.11CATTI英语三级笔译实务科目试题（2021.02整理版）使用说明：本资料实务科目试题主要靠考友分享信息、回忆整理，难免与考试实际题目存有出入。
整理发布仅供学习参考之用，为避免过多修改原始来源产生语义及文本错误，整理时尽可能不对原始来源进行过多修改。
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暂无法提供与原始考试完全一致试题回忆，还请见谅。
综合科目因主要为选择题、阅读题、完形填空（有选项），难以回忆整理，故网上基本无资源。
实务试题答案可参考官方出版的历年真题、韩刚老师《90天突破CATTI三级笔译》系列书目或关注CATTI考试资料与资讯微信公众号（扫码可关注）、微博推送的部分考友投稿版本。
CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题2020.11Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.(50points)来源金融时报|整理@Bcup肚肚的多啦A梦原文链接如下，考试时内容有删减及修改https:///content/16ef6eb2-9a8d-11e6-8f9b-70e3cabccfaeAt51,Cathy wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience to better use.She had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young,but she wanted to get back into the corporate world.Several applications later,she was getting nowhere.Then a friend told her about“returnships”,a form of work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help older people—mainly women—return to work,often after breaks to care for families.Cathy eventually secured a place on an11-week“Career Returners”programme with O2,open to men and women,which included being buddied with a20-year-old male student.He helped to acquaint her with new technology,such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual private network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.“On the assessment day,I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles.They were just thinking,‘These women have a lot to offer,let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.”O2is one of a clutch of companies,in the UK and the US,that have spotted an opportunity in hiring female returnees,who can put to use again technical skills learnt earlier in their careers.Fans of returnships—the concept was pioneered in2008by the late Brenda Barnes,former chief executive at food company Sara Lee—believe middle-aged women returning after a break make particularly good employees,because they bring a fresh perspective.Women tend to combine high emotional intelligence with strong leadership and organisational skills.There is a“massive pool of highly skilled people who want to return to work,”says head of human resources at an engineering company.“Recruitment agencies typically view people who have had two years out as a risk,but we see them as a great opportunity.”In fact,by hiring female returnees,companies can access hard skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs—and for a discount.In return,employers coach older females back into working life.Through her returnship,she gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant,handling projects within service management at O2.She still is earning less than she would like to.“But it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,”she says.It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young government figures show that women account for around90per cent of people on extended career breaks for caring reasons.A lack of older women working,particularly in highly skilled roles,is costing the UK economy £50bn a year,according to a report last year.This was the amount that women over the age of50 would have earned in2015.The report found that men over50took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in2015.It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled,part-time roles older women often accept.Some41per cent of women in work in the UK do so part-time,as opposed to only11per cent of men.This issue is not restricted to the UK.A study last year by economists found“robust evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women”in a range of white and blue-collar jobs.The data show that it is harder for older women to find jobs than it is for older men regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into English.摘自：外交部和国家互联网信息办公室《网络空间国际合作战略》/zxbd/wz/Document/1543852/1543852.htm当今世界，以互联网为代表的信息技术日新月异，引领了社会生产新变革，创造了人类生活新空间，拓展了国家治理新领域，极大提高了人类认识世界、改造世界的能力。
【VIP专享】2011年职称英语等级考试真题及答案(理工A类)
2011年职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类（A级）111111 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—1 5题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The sea turtle’s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A. suddenlyB. generallyC. slightlyD. greatly 2. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A. doubtingB. thinkingC. sayingD. knowing 3. I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A. instructingB. pushing.C. notifyingD. inviting 4. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A. maintainedB. recommendedC. consideredD. acknowledged 5. The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A. causedB. ignoredC. organizedD. received 6. A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.A. reportedB. praisedC. provedD. caught 7. At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A. giveB. attachC. loseD. understand 8. Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage.A. turningB. jumpingC. shakingD. shouting 9. It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A. handleB. raiseC. poseD. experience 10. Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.A. spendB. standC. takeD. last 11. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A. relativeB. continuousC. generalD. sharp 12. I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A. afraidB. anxiousC. sureD. sad 13. She always finds fault with everything.A. simplifiesB. evaluatesC. criticizesD. examines 14. At 80，Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A. happyB. aloneC. busyD. energetic 15. For some obscure reason，the simple game is becoming very popular.A. obviousB. majorC. unclearD. minor 第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2011年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案
2011年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案第一部分英译汉试题一Study Finds Hope in Saving Saltwater FishCan we have our fish and eat it too? An unusual collaboration of marine ecologists and fisheries management scientists says the answer may be yes.In a research paper in Friday‟s issue of the journal Science, the two groups, long at odds with each other, offer a global assessment of the world‟s saltwater fish and their environments.Their conclusions are at once gloomy — overfishing continues to threaten many species — and upbeat: a combination of steps can turn things around. But because antagonism between ecologists and fisheries management experts has been intense, many familiar with the study say the most important factor is that it was done at all.They say they hope the study will inspire similar collaborations between scientists whose focus is safely exploiting specific natural resources and those interested mainly in conserving them.“We need to merge those two communities,” said Steve Murawski, chief fis heries scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “This paper starts to bridge that gap.”The collaboration began in 2006 when Boris Worm, a marine ecologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and other scientists made an alarming prediction: if current trends continue, by 2048 overfishing will have destroyed most commercially important populations of saltwater fish. Ecologists applauded the work. But among fisheries management scientists, reactions ranged from skepticism to fury over what many called an alarmist report.Among the most prominent critics was Ray Hilborn, a professor of aquatic and fishery sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. Yet the disagreement did not play out in typical scientific fashion wi th, as Dr. Hilborn put it, “researchers firing critical papers back and forth.” Instead, he and Dr. Worm found themselves debating the issue on National Public Radio.“We started talking and found more common ground than we had expected,” Dr. Worm said. D r. Hilborn recalled thinking that Dr. Worm “actually seemed like a reasonable person.”The two decided to work together on the issue. They sought and received financing and began organizing workshops at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, an organization sponsored by the National Science Foundation and based at the University of California, Santa Barbara.At first, Dr. Hilborn said in an interview, “the fisheries management people would go to lunch and the marine ecologists would go to lunch” — separately. But soon they were collecting and sharing data and recruiting more colleagues to analyze it.Dr. Hilborn said he and Dr. Worm now understood why the ecologists and the management scientists disagreed so sharply in the first place. For one thing, he said, as long as a fish species was sustaining itself, management scientists were relatively untroubled if its abundance fell to only 40 or 50 percent of what it might otherwise be. Yet to ecologists, he said, such a stock would be chara cterized as “depleted” —“a very pejorative word.”In the end, the scientists concluded that 63 percent of saltwater fish stocks had been depleted “below what we think of as a target range,” Dr. Worm said.But they also agreed that fish in well-managed areas, including the United States, were recovering or doing well. They wrote that management techniques like closing some areas to fishing, restricting the use of certain fishing gear or allocating shares of the catch to individualfishermen, communities or others could allow depleted fish stocks to rebound.The researchers suggest that a calculation of how many fish in a given species can be caught in a given region without threatening the stock, called maximum sustainable yield, is less useful than a standard that takes into account the health of the wider marine environment. They also agreed that solutions did not lie only in management techniques but also in the political will to apply them, even if they initially caused economic disruption.Because the new paper represents the views of both camps, its conclusions are likely to be influential, Dr. Murawski said. “Getting a strong statement from those communities that there is more to agree on than to disagree on builds confidence,” he said.At a news conference on Wednesday, Dr. Worm said he hoped to be alive in 2048, when he would turn 79. If he is, he said, “I will be hosting a seafood party —at least I hope so.”参考译文：渔业发展能否做到“鱼与熊掌”兼得?海洋生态学家与渔业管理学家之间进行的非同寻常的合作表明，二者或可兼得。
2011年英语三级试题及答案
2011年6月大学英语三级(A)考试预测试卷Part Ⅱ Structure (15 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. All students are eager to know ________they wilt pass the exam or not.A) ifB) thatC) whetherD) why17. When the couple _______ here, they ________ to the park.A) will come；will goB) come；goC) will come；goD) come；will go18. —I cannot find Tom anywhere.—He _________ have been off long. I heard him make a call just now.A) shouldn't B) can't C) mustn't D) needn't19. No matter who he is, young or old, people's state of mind tends to keep _______ with the rapid change of society.A) contactB) progressC) touchD) pace20. To tell you the truth, it's very hard for us to help them get rid of Internet addiction. But we _________ on this problem trying to improve the situation.A) workedB) had workedC) are workingD) had been working21. There was an earthquake happened, _______ 100 people and with more than 300A) killed; injuredB) killing; injuredC) killed; injuringD) killing; injuring22. 50miles southwest of the country ________ the famous beautiful mountain.A) layingB) lieC) liesD)lays23. Everyone has periods in their lives ________ everything seems so hard.A) whenB) whereC) whichD) that24. Miss Liu doesn't mind _______ your homework as long as it is done by yourself.A) you to delay handing inB) your delaying handing inC) your delaying to hand inD) you delay to hand in25. By no means _______ ready to quit her study.A) will sheB) she willC) she isD) is sheSection BDirections: There are also 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26. The New York Times __________ (be) popular with those statesmen.27. The people in your town are far _________ (friendly) than we expected.28. Injury problem could __________ (short) basketball player's career.29. I will tell Mary the truth instead of you, but I'd rather you _________ (tell) her.30. By the time I graduate from university, I __________ (be) a student for 15 years.31. This famous poem should _________ (translate) into Chinese because it is really worth reading.32. According to the latest report, more and more young people intend to learn __________ (economy) and social science.33. The dancer might have been killed in the crash if she _________ (go) to American by plane.34. (catch) _________ by the host for stealing, the boy felt rather ashamed.35. It's obvious that you hurt my feeling on purpose, so it's no use _________ (make) an apology. 来Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfil. You should read the material carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage，you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements，numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) or D).You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.It is known to us that English is not as old as Chinese, but it is widely used by most people all over the world. English speakers enjoy creating new words. In fact, a majority of words are traceable and each of them may have an interesting story.However, no one will really care where a word comes from because it makes little difference in using them in our dally life. Did you ever feel confused about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham?About a hundred years ago, some men went to American from Europe, coming from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They didn't know how to use English properly. Seen them eating round pieces of beef and asked what it was, the Germans didn't understand the questions exactly, they answered: “we come from Hamburg. “One of the Americans was an owner of a restaurant and got an idea. He cooked some round pieces of bread with beef and began selling them. Such bread came to be called “hamburgers”. Today, hamburgers are welcomed by lots of people coming from different nationalities.36. According to the text, English is _______.A) older than ChineseB) as old as ChineseC) not so old as ChineseD) very hard to learn37. Hamburg originally is ________.A) a kind of foodB) a round piece of beefC) a city in GermanyD) the name of a village38. Which statement is correct according to the passage.'?A) At first hamburgers was a kind of bread.B) Few Americans like hamburgers.C) Hamburgers are made of ham.D) Hamburgers were first sold a century ago.39. _______ begin to sell hamburgers to people.A) AmericansB) The authorC) GermansD) Europeans40. After reading this story, we know the word “hamburger” comes from ________.A) China because it has a long historyB) English because Germans don't speak EnglishC) English speakers because they love eating itD) America because they give it that nameTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.Youth is not a matter of time but a matter of self-improvement, both physically and morally. Being a good youth, one should have those factors: the basic one is health. A healthy body is a kind of priceless treasure. One can do nothing without it. Secondly, we should pay essentialattention to our moral character. We should be always willing to help those in trouble without any complaints. Moreover, we should care more about the people around us. Thirdly, cooperation and communication also play an important role in being a good youth. No one can live alone without any friends. And nobody can work out every problem without help of partners. So the youth should and must learn how to live and work well with others, including those people you don't like to cooperate or communicate with. The last but not the least, patriotism, meaning a love of one's country, is the one we should never forget. People always misunderstand the word “patriots” by thinking it only refers to those fighters who fight for their country. As a matter of fact, a patriot will do the things his country asks him to do. So being a youth is one thing, being a good one really needs to take every effort to make yourself to be.41. The passage really wants to tell us that ________.A) what the meaning of “patriots” isB) the qualities a good youth should haveC) a youth should be doing goodD) one should help others42. The first thing a good youth should have isA) the best lookingB)the best richesC) the good abilityD)a healthy body43. A good youth should help othersA) willinglyB) at his convenienceC) if he wants toD) with complains44. From the passage, we can know that cooperation and communication areA) good for some introvertsB) helpful to usC) important to everyoneD) not necessary to good friends45. In the author's opinion, the patriots mustA) fight for the countryB) learn everythingC) do what their country need them to doD)protect their family and countryTask 3Directions: The following is an advertisement. After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50in the table below.Learning TourRecently, we will hold a learning tour for those English learners. By joining our helpful tour, everyone will find out, at first, specific activities that help to improve your English. Besides that, one can also have access to some interesting language learning materials in the Learning Tour. Moreover, participators will be taught the way to use computers and audio-visual facilities in the center.The learning tour will be held every Wednesday and Thursday in different time. The former one is from 10:30 to 11: 30am.，while the latter one is 1:00 -2: 00pm.For registration, people can go to Tin Ping Building on the 4th floor or email your name, ID card No. and date of joining the tour to Miss Feng at feng@cahk, edu. hkTask 4Directions: The following is a list of terms on automobile English. After reading it，you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—Engine Fuel System H—the electric systemB—Lights and Wires I—power trainC—Starting System J—one-way driveD—under pressure K—horse-drawn wagonE—lower hood lines L—spun glassF—heated-treated M—parking lightG—contact point N—backup lightO—the car heater P—cover bandsExamples：(E)低发动机罩 (L)玻璃纤维Task 5Directions: There is an invitation letter below here. After reading the letters you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No. 56 through No. 60) that follow. The answers should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.July 7th, 2009Dear Prof. Lee,The Academic Conference on traditional Chinese treatment—acupuncture and moxibustion, which is sponsored by Beijing College of Medicine will be held in Beijing, October 3rd, 2009. We would be very pleased to invite you to attend the conference. We all know that you are a veryfamous scholar in this field. The conference will be more significant if you can come. We will offer the accommodation for you.If you have any paper or topics on which you would like to give talks, please inform us in advance so that we can prepare the final program. Please confirm your participation at your convenience.We are looking forward to your reply.Best Wishes.Your sincerely,Wang Dong56. What's the subject of the conference?It is about traditional Chinese treatment ____________________________.57. Which college will sponsor the conference?It is _________________________ that sponsors it.58. When will the conference be held?It will be held on ____________________________.59. What will they do for Prof. Lee?They will offer _______________________ for him.60. What does Prof. Lee need to do if he wants to give some talks?He is required to _____________________ them in advance.Part IV Translation—English into Chinese (25 minutes) Directions: This part numbered 61 through 65 is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. After each sentence of numbers 61 to 64, you will read four choices of suggested translation. You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. And write your translation of number 65 in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.61. Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man.A)尽管电子计算机有许多优点，可是它不能理解创造性工作，也不能代替人类。
2011年11月13日英语二笔笔译实务真题
2011年11月13日英语二笔英译汉真题回忆第一篇：Can we have our fish and eat it too? An unusual collaboration of marine ecologists and fisheries management scientists says the answer may be yes.In a research paper in Friday’s issue of the journal Science, the two groups, lon g at odds with each other, offer a global assessment of the world’s saltwater fish and their environments.Their conclusions are at once gloomy — overfishing continues to threaten many species — and upbeat: a combination of steps can turn things around. But because antagonism between ecologists and fisheries management experts has been intense, many familiar with the study say the most important factor is that it was done at all.They say they hope the study will inspire similar collaborations between scientists whose focus is safely exploiting specific natural resources and those interested mainly in conserving them.“We need to merge those two communities,” said Steve Murawski, chief fisheries scientist for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “This paper starts to bridge that gap.”The collaboration began in 2006 when Boris Worm, a marine ecologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and other scientists made an alarming prediction: if current trends continue, by 2048 overfishing will have destroyed most commercially important populations of saltwater fish. Ecologists applauded the work. But among fisheries management scientists, reactions ranged from skepticism to fury over what many called an alarmist report.Among the most prominent critics was Ray Hilborn, a professor of aquatic and fishery sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. Yet the disagreement did not play out in typical scientific fashion with, as Dr. Hilborn put it, “researchers firing critical papers back and forth.” Instead, he and Dr. Worm found themselves debating the issue on National Public Radio.“We started talking and found more common ground than we had expected,” Dr. Worm said. Dr. Hilborn recalled thinking that Dr. Worm “actually seemed like a reasonable person.”The two decided to work together on the issue.第二篇：As I mentioned last week, I’ve recently returned from Australia. While I was there, I visited a eucalyptus forest that, in February, was the scene of an appalling wildfire. Perhaps naively, I had expected to find that many trees had been killed. They hadn’t. They had blackened bark, but were otherwise looking rather well, many of them wreathed in new young leaves. This prompted me to consider fire and the role it plays as a force of nature.Fossil charcoals tell us that wildfires have been part of life on Earth for as long as there have been plants on land. That’s more than 400 million years of fire. Fire was here long before arriviste plants like grasses; it pre-dated the first flowers. And without wanting to get mystical about it, fire is, in many respects, a kind of animal, albeit an ethereal one. Like any animal, it consumes oxygen. Like a sheep or a slug, it eats plants. But unlike a normal animal, it’s a shape-shifter. Sometimes, it merely nibbles a few leaves; sometimes it kills grown trees. Sometimes it is more deadly and destructive than a swarm of locusts.The shape-shifting nature of fire makes it hard to study, for it is not a single entity. Some fires are infernally hot; others, relatively cool. Some stay at ground level; others climb trees. Moreover, fire is much more likely to appear in some parts of the world than in others. Satellite images of the Earth show that wildfires are rare in, say, northern Europe, and common in parts of central Africa and Australia. (These days many wildfires are started by humans, either on purpose or by accident. But long before our ancestors began to throw torches or cigarette butts, fires were started by lightning strikes, or by sparks given off when rocks rub together in an avalanche.)Once a fire gets started, many factors contribute to how it will behave. The weather obviously has a huge effect: winds can fan flames, rains can quench them. The lie of the land matters, too: fire runs uphill more readily than it goes down. But another crucial factor is what type of plants the fire has to eat.It’s common knowledge that plants regularly exposed to fire tend to have features that help them cope with it — such as thick bark, or seeds that only grow after being exposed to intense heat or smoke.。
2011年-2018年CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题 完整版
2011-2018CATTI 英语三级笔译实务科目试题 2019.03 整理版
使用说明：因官方不公布考试题目，实务科目试题主要靠考友分享信息、回忆整理（在 此表示感谢） ，难免与考试实际题目存有出入。内容为考生综合考试试题原始来源于试题回 忆整理，与实际考试题目存有不同。
河南是中华民族与华夏文明的发源地。中国四大发明中的指南针、造纸、火药三大技术均发 明于河南。河南历史文化悠久，文物古迹众多，文物数量居全国首位。河南境内有 25 处世 界文化遗产，358 个全国重点文物保护单位，4 个世界地质公园，12 个国家级重点风景名胜 区，13 个国家级自然保护区。 河南是中国重要的经济大省。2017 年国内生产总值稳居中国第 5 位。2017 年河南生产总值 44,988 亿元，比上年增长 7.8%，人均生产总值 47,130 元，增长 7.4%。粮食种植面积达 10,135 千公顷，粮食产量 5,973.4 万吨，比上年增加 26.8 万吨。全部工业增加值 18,807 亿元， 增长 7.4%，社会消费品零售总额 19,666 亿元，增长 11.6%。全年居民消费价格比上年增长 1.4%。
of microplastics on marine life, likewise, are largely not understood,” he said. There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants. Bengtsson said, “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations.” There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants. Bengtsson said， “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations.”The samples were gathered during a three-month Greenpeace expedition to the Antarctic from January to March 2018. The Guardian joined the trip for two weeks in February. A decision on the sanctuary proposal, which is being put forward by the EU and supported by environmental campaign groups around the world, will be taken at the forthcoming meeting of the Antarctic Ocean Commission in Tasmania in October.
2011年11月英语三级笔译综合能力试题及答案
2011年11月英语三级笔译综合能力试题及答案Section 1：Vocabulary and Grammar （25 points）This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part，there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence，there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A，B，C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ______ materials.A. primitiveB. roughC. originalD. raw2. With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment，life must have been very______ for the students.A. hostileB. anxiousC. tediousD. obscure3. Whenever the government increases public services，______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A. employment to riseB. employment risesC. which rising employmentD. the rise of employment4. Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A. delayedB. adjournedC. cancelledD. preserved5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year，but ______ in winter.A. should beB. would beC. preferredD. preferably6. Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees，minutes and seconds.A. measuringB. measuredC. are measuredD. being measured7. Most comets have two kinds of tails，one made up of dust，______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A. one anotherB. the otherC. other onesD. each other8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A. by damagingB. so that they damageC. to damageD. damaging9. The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A. by accidentB. at randomC. on occasionD. on average10. On turning the comer，they saw the path ______ steeply.A. departingB. descendingC. decreasingD. degenerating11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______.A. circulationB. rotationC. circumstanceD. appreciation121. Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.A. doesB. isC. doD. are13. To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A. withB. toC. inD. on14. Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A. rather thanB. other thanC. bigger thanD. more than15. ______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary，grammar，and sound system.A. What linguists callB. It is called by linguistsC. Linguists call itD. What do linguists call16. In the eighteenth century，the town of Bennington，Vermont，was famous for ______ pottery.A. it madeB. itsC. the makingD. where its17. ______ get older，the games they play become increasingly complex.A. ChildrenB. Children，when theyC. As childrenD. For children to18. ______ of his childhood home in Hannibal，Missouri，provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A. RememberingB. MemoriesC. It was the memoriesD. He remembered19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect ______ of the wind.A. from the effectsB. it the effectsC. it from the effectsD. the effects from it20. Most nurses are women，but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a ______.A. scarcityB. minorityC. minimumD. shortagePart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences；in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence，there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A，B，C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence，although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A. misleadingB. calmC. understandableD. initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A. profitableB. productiveC. prominentD. prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A. groups of followersB. yearsC. countriesD. fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate，planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.A. completeB. relatedC. intentionalD. active25. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A. negativeB. positiveC. strongD. useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality，we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A. hostilityB. friendlinessC. mannerD. culture27. In just three years，the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A. businessB. shoppingC. chattingD. meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8 cm deep and 5 cm apart.A. develop wellB. grow tallerC. matureD. bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A. impedesB. interferesC. holdsD. pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. onlyB. finalC. trueD. special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A. regardB. courageC. lossD. trick32. The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A. implyB. persuadeC. hurlD. transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A. stuck toB. turnedC. led toD. gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essayB. writingC. characterD. manner35. Jim was a stout old gentleman，with a weather-beaten countenance.A. bodyB. skinC. shoulderD. passionate interestKEYS：1.D [分析] 近义辨析。
2011年三级笔译实务真题
2011年11月三级笔译实务真题Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50points)This month, the United Nations DevelopmentProgram made water and sanitation the centerpieceof its flagship publication, the Human DevelopmentReport.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, ar e boundto attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed?In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure isoften the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlierways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks a nd treks to wells. Paradoxically, as thewater sources get costlier, the water itself tend s to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities- to the rich and the poor alike - is us ually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from anoutdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkma n, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made to local wa ter systems oftenend up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallo ns, ofclean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering thisservice. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report saysgovernments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 p ercent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that f oreign aid be moredirected toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heav ily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But ther e are some market-basedapproaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private wat er utility inAbidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, accordin g to the agency'sreport. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency's proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water. People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - acommon malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, pro ductive,taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is tr ying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets- as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private comp anies may calculate that it isworth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investmentover many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, so me smallcommunities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," hesaid."That's especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving fu nds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages."It is not always easyto take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broadmenu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a givenregion or country.Section 2： Chinese-English Translation (50 points)即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。
2011 年职称英语等级考试真题(综合类A 级)[共15页]
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2011年职称英语等级考试真题（综合类A级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。
1. For some obscure reason，the simple game is becoming very popular.A. unclearB. obviousC. majorD. minor2. The sea turtle's natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A. greatlyB. suddenlyC. generallyD. slightly3. I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.A. instructingB. notifyingC. pushingD. inviting4. It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.A. raiseB. poseC. experienceD. handle5. The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.A. ignoredB. organizedC. causedD. received6. Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A. spendB. takeC. lastD. stand7. At 80，Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.A. energeticB. happyC. aloneD. busy8. Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage.A. shakingB. turningC. jumpingD. shouting9. A young man is being hailed as hero tonight after rescuing two children.A. reportedB. provedC. praisedD. caught10. I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.A. anxiousB. sureC. sadD. afraid11. At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A. giveB. attachC. loseD. understand12. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A. doubtingB. sayingC. thinkingD. knowing13. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.A. maintainedB. recommendedC. consideredD. acknowledged14. The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A. relativeB. generalC. continuousD. sharp15. She always finds fault with everything，A. criticizesB. simplifiesC. evaluatesD. examines- 148 -2011年职称英语等级考试真题（综合类A级）第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2013到2011年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2013年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）The archivists requested a donkey, but what they got from the mayor’s office were four wary black sheep, which, as of Wednesday morning, were chewing away at a lumpy field of grass beside the municipa l archives building as the City of Paris’s newest, shaggiest lawn mowers. Mayor Bertrand Delano? has made the environment a priority since his election in 2001, with popular bike- and car-sharing programs, an expanded network of designated lanes for bicycles and buses, and an enormous project to pedestrianize the banks along much of the Seine.The sheep, which are to mow (and, not inconsequentially, fertilize) an airy half-acre patch in the 19th District intended in the same spirit. City Hall refers to the project as “eco-grazing,” and it notes that the four ewes will prevent the use of noisy, gas-guzzling mowers and cut down on the use of herbicides.Paris has plans for a slightly larger eco-grazing project not far from the archives building, assuming all goes well; similar projects have been under way in smaller towns in the region in recent years.The sheep, from a rare, diminutive Breton breed called Ouessant, stand just about two feet high. Chosen for their hardiness, city officials said, they will pasture here until October inside a three-foot-high, yellow electrified fence.“This is really not a one-shot deal,” insisted René Dutrey, the adjunct mayor for the environment and sustainable development. Mr. Dutrey, a fast-talking man in orange-striped Adidas Samba sneakers, noted that the sheep had cost the city a total of just about $335, though no further economic projections have been drawn up for the time being.A metal fence surrounds the grounds of the archives, and a security guard stands watch at the gate, so there is little risk that local predators — large, unleashed dogs, for instance — will be able to reach the ewes.Curious humans, however, are encouraged to visit the sheep, and perhaps the archives, too. The eco-grazing project began as an initiative to attract the public to the archives, and informational panels have been put in place to explain what, exactly, thesheep are doing here.But the archivists have had to be trained to care for the animals. In the unlikely event that a ewe should flip onto her back, Ms. Masson said, someone must rush to put her back on her feet.Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1 （选题一）Norman Joseph Woodland was born in Atlantic City on Sept. 6, 1921. As a Boy Scout he learned Morse code, the spark that would ignite his invention.After spending World War II on the Manhattan Project , Mr. Woodland resumed his studies at the Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia (it is now Drexel University), earning a bachelor’s degree in 1947.As an undergraduate, Mr. Woodland perfected a system for delivering elevator music efficiently. He planned to pursue the project commercially, but his father, who had come of age in “Boardwalk Empire”-era Atlantic City, forbade it: elevator music, he said, was controlled by the mob, and no son of his was going to come within spitting distance.The younger Mr. Woodland returned to Drexel for a master’s degree. In 1948, a local supermarket executive visited the campus, where he implored a dean to develop an efficient means of encoding product data. The dean demurred, but Mr. Silver, a fellow graduate student who overheard their conversation, was intrigued. He conscripted Mr. Woodland.An early idea of theirs, which involved printing product information in fluorescent ink and reading it with ultraviolet light, proved unworkable.But Mr. Woodland, convinced that a solution was close at hand, quit graduate school to devote himself to the problem. He holed up at his grandparents’ home in Miami Beach, where he spent the winter of 1948-49 in a chair in the sand, thinking.To represent information visually, he realized, he would need a code. The only code he knew was the one he had learned in the Boy Scouts.What would happen, Mr. Woodland wondered one day, if Morse code, with itselegant simplicity and limitless combinatorial potential, were adapted graphically? He began trailing his fingers idly through the sand.“What I’m going to tell you sounds like a fairy tale,” Mr. Woodland told Smithsonian magazine in 1999. “I poked my four fingers into the sand and for whatever reason —I didn’t know — I pulled my hand toward me and drew four lines. Now I have four lines, and they could be wide lines and narrow lines instead of dots and dashes.’ ”Today, bar codes appears on the surface of almost every product of contemporary life. All because a bright young man, his mind ablaze with dots and dashes, one day raked his fingers through the sand.201211 Passage 1Tucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died.""In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at ￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million. Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history."In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house, with rooms rented for ₤99 to ₤250 a night."Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said DeanHeaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It has been beautif- ully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."Passage 2The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres last century.)The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves fieldand satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods,Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago. Passage 1中国是一个发展中国家。
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Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.
Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.
The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made to local water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.
The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains. The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some
market-based approaches as well.
By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency's report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency's proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.
People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.
In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That's especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.
Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into English.
即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。
中国政府面临许多挑战，最严峻的挑战之一就是耕地流失。
过去几年中，平均每年有66.7万公顷耕地被城市扩建、工业发展以及公路建设工程占用，另有1万平方公里的耕地被沙漠吞噬。
中国北方地区地下水位下降，农民不得不改种耐旱、地产作物，甚至撂荒。
同时，农业基础设施损耗严重，三分之二的灌溉设施需要整修。
由于农民为增加收入而改种经济作物，农业生产方式正在转变。
过去十几年，全国水果和蔬菜种植面积平均每年增加130万公顷。
因此，水稻、玉米及小麦产量急剧下降。
中国已由粮食净出口国变为粮食净进口国。
中国政府把农业改革视为头等大事，投入大量资金用于提高小麦和稻米的收购价以及改进农田灌溉基础设施。
近年来，农产品的价格稳步上升，中国政府采取此项措施以提高农民种粮的积极性。