英国文学总结

一：The Anglo-Saxon period (450----1066)

1.First Anglo-Saxon poet : Caedom.

2. Two highlights in the development of the Anglo-Saxon literature----- Northumbrian school and Wessex literature

3.“Father of English History” is Venerable Bede. “英国历史之父“

代表作：The Ecclesiastical History of the English People

4. The king Alfred

代表作：The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

He created a style of Anglo-Saxon prose which was not obscure.

他创造了Anglo-Saxon散文体。

5. Anglo-Saxon poetry: Beowulf 贝奥武夫

( national and religion epic)

A mixture of paganism and Christian elements .

Using alliteration, kenning, repetition and variation

二：The Norman Period (1066---1350) =The Medieval Period

1. Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages. (1): the matter of France: the exploits of Charlemagne the great and Roland, Chanson de Roland

(2):the matter of Rome: Alexander the great and the Great and the siege of troy.

(3):the matter of British: the Arthurian legend: Sir Gawain ,Launcelot, Merlin , the death of King Arthur.

三：The Age of Chaucer (1350----1440)

1.John Wycliff Father of English prose“英国散文之父”

translate the Bible into standard English.

2.William Langland: Piers Plowman《农夫彼尔斯》

Form: Allegory寓言

3.Geoffrey Chaucer The Father of English Poetry”英国诗歌之父”

首创“heroic couplets”双韵体，首次用伦敦方言写作

被葬在：W estminster Abbey

Works divided three periods:

A:1360—1372: French literature : The book of the Duchess

B:1372---1836:Italian literature: Troilus and Criseyde adapted from Boccaccio The Decameron

C:the last fifteen year of his life: The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》

四:The Fifteen Century(1400----1550)

1.Ballds became an important feature in the 15th. The most popular is the Robin

Hood Ballads.

五：The English Renaissance(1550—1642)

1.Edmund Spenser The poet’s poet 诗人的诗人

代表作：The Shepherds Calendar《牧羊人日记》

The Faerie Queene《仙后》

Amoretti《爱情小唱》

2.Christopher Marlow 创造了无韵体“blank verse”,

“University Wits”大学才子代表人物，英国戏剧伟大开拓者代表作：Tumburlaine《帖木儿大帝》

The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德斯博士的悲剧》

3.William Shakespeare

代表作：two narrative poems: Venus and Adonis The rape of Lucrece

四部悲剧：Othello Macbeth Hamlet King Lear

四部喜剧：As you like it《皆大欢喜》Mid-summer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》Twelfth Night《第十二夜》The Merchant of V enice《威尼斯商人》

4. Sonnet was introduced to England by poet Thomas W yatt

六：The Seventeenth Century(1603---1688)

1.Francis Bacon father of science 科学之父

First English essayist 第一位随笔作家

The founder of English materialist philosophy唯物主义哲学开拓者代表作：Essay《随笔》----of studies

2.John Donne : The fonder of Metaphysical poets 玄学诗代表人物

另一代表人物：George Herbert

3.Ben Jonson 保皇派代表人物，另一代表人物是：Robert Herrick

代表作: To the celia

4.John Milton 清教徒诗人

代表作：epic :Paradise Lost《失乐园》由blank verse 写成的，情节来自Old statement Paradise regained 《复乐园》

drama: Samson Agonists 《力士参孙》

The Defence of English people《为英国人民申辩》

5.John Bunyan 清教徒诗人

代表作：The pilgrim’s progress《天路历程》---allegory

被誉为：具有永恒意义的百科全书

6.John Dryden

代表作：戏剧：All for love

文学评论：An essay of Dramatic Poesy

7.Andrew Marvell 代表作：To His Coy Mistress

七：The Eighteenth Century(1688---1798)-----The Age of Reason/Enlightenment 1.Daniel Defoe “the pioneer novelist of England”英国现实主义小说开创人，

代表作：Robinson crusoe《鲁比逊漂流记》

Captain Singleton 《辛格顿船长》

Moll Flanders 《莫尔·弗兰德斯》

Colonel Jacque《雅克上校》