化觉巷清真寺英文导游词The Great Mosque

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化觉巷清真寺(huà jué xiàng qīng zhēn sì)

化觉巷清真寺(huàjuéxiàng qīng zhēn sì)The Great Mosque of Xi'anMosque built with distinctive Chinese featuresThe Great Mosque in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, is the oldest and best known of its kind in thecountry.Unlike mosques in other parts of the country and world, the Great Mosque doesn't have theiconic layout of domes and minarets. Except for some Arabic and Persian inscriptions anddecorations, the mosque is typical of ancient Chinese architecture.The Prayer Hall in the Great Mosque of Xi'anConstruction of the mosque started in 742 AD when Arabicmerchants arrived in China andinfluenced the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD).However, most of the complex was built during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). It was furtherexpanded during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911).The complex stretches from east to west in a rectangular shape. It is divided into four large courtyards and houses numerous rare cultural relics, such as tablets and boards with Arabic,Persian and Chinese inscriptions, vertical written couplets, incense burners, scripture caskets,paintings and pendent lamps.It is reported that the mosque also has a copy of the Koran produced by Sayyid Shams Din'Umar(1211–1279), a Muslim noble who is often identified as the ancestor of many families of theethnic Hui people in China.Entering the first courtyard, people will be attracted by a large and grandiose screen wallfeaturing relief carvings of lotus and chrysanthemum flowers, a glazed-tile roof and brick bracketsets. It is also flanked by wing rooms on its southern and northern sides.The second courtyard is a leafy one, with a stone-carved freestanding gateway in the center. Theinscriptions on the gateway all derive from Chinese classics such as "The Book of Odes."There are also towering stone tablets demonstrating the writings of many famous Chinesecalligraphers.To get into the third courtyard, one has to pass through a hall containing many ancient steles.The hall once served as the front gate of the mosque during its reconstruction from 1522–1566period.In the middle of the third courtyard stands a three-story, octagonal pavilion, called XingxinT ower. This serves as the only minaret in the mosque. This is certainly a marked deviation fromthe traditional layout of a mosque, which usually have four minarets.With flying eaves and a glazed roof crown, the pavilion is also flanked by 10 wing rooms. Therooms on the southern side contain an elaborately built bed and writings of famous calligraphersinscribed into bamboo skins glued to wood tablets.The rooms on the northern side house a painting of Mecca created during the Qing Dynasty anda hand-written copy of the Koran.Entering the fourth courtyard, people will first see the Phoenix Pavilion, a structure that combinesthe ancient Chinese architectural styles of arch and pavilion.Behind the pavilion stands the main structure of the mosque, the Prayer Hall.Covering a floor space of more than 1,300 square meters, the hall can accommodate as many as1,000 worshippers.It also boasts more than 600 caisson paintings created with unique Islamic mosque arttechniques. The four walls of the hall are covered by large woodcarvings of the Koran, withArabic on the top and Chinese underneath.The mosque is now a key cultural relic under state protection. Pictorial dictionary·影壁(yǐng bì) screen wallYingbi, also known as zhaobi (照壁) in Chinese, is a unique feature of ancient Chinesearchitecture. It's a wall standing either right inside or outside the gate of a courtyard, house or acomplex of buildings. It serves as both a screen and architectural decoration.When it was first introduced centuries ago, it was mainly used to prevent people from seeing theinside of the buildings, usually owned by wealthy individuals or people of high social status.Later, the screen walls became more decorative.Nine-dragon Wall in Beijing's Beihai ParkSuch walls are mostly designed in a straight line or a V-shape and feature a base, wall and roof.They can be built of either mud, bricks, wood or stone.Many are richly decorated or painted. For instance,Nine-dragon Wall in Beijing's Beihai Park,built in 1402, features nine exquisitely carved and colorfully glazed dragon reliefs. Anotherwellknown Nine-dragon Wall is in the Forbidden City.After the fall of the last emperor in 1911, ordinary people have also begun to build simple screenwalls in their homes.。

2019-英文的导游词范文-word范文 (7页)

本文部分内容来自网络，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议请及时联系，本司将予以删除== 本文为word格式，简单修改即可使用，推荐下载！ ==英文的导游词范文英文导游词范文——陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词the great mosque at huajue lanethe mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over60.000 moslems in xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the provincial people’s government. unlike the arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the mosque here in xi’an possesses much chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to islamic mosques, this mosque also holds characteristics of chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.however, any further discussion about the mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of islam into china is brought up.islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century a.d. and was introduced to china in the mid-600s. at that time, arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of china by way of persia and afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with china. in the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through bangladesh bay and the malacca strait to china’s guangzhou, quanzhou, huangzhou, yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married thelocal women who later gave birth to babies who then became moslems.however, massive immigration of the moslems to china did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when genghis khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from central asia to eastern europe, including the north of iran. many of the moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in china.among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the hui people in the history books on the yuan dynasty. the hui people later followed kublai khan down to the south, helping him unifying china and then establish the yuan dynasty. in the wake of the conquest, islam spread all over china and mosques began to appear everywhere. in the yuan dynasty, many moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country.and a lot of the moslems took part in zhu yuanzhang’s uprising inthe early 14th century and made great contributions to the foundingof the ming dynasty. therefore, all the emperors of the dynastyissued mandates to protect islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the moslems for their feats. in the early 16th century, islam predominated qinghai on the minority nationalities including the huis, the uygurs, the kazaks, the kirgizes, the tajiks, the tartars, the ozbeks, the dong xiangs, the salars and the bonans. the moslems inxi’an are mainly the huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in china.the mosque at hua jue lane is the largest in xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in china.according to “the stele on the building of the mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the tang dynasty. however, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the ming dynasty. the four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. the still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about360 years. the stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the mosque. on the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master call igrapher mi fu, “may buddhism fill the universe”, on the other, “royal -bestowed”by dong qichang, another master of the same art of the ming dynasty. they are treasures in chinese calligraphy. at the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hal l, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the hui calendars in arabic, is stored. it was compiled by a man incharge of the mosque called xiao mining in the early period of the qing dynasty. a three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “retrospection tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in islamic temples inarabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the moslems to come to worship. respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a scripture chamber, both elegantly laid out. the five wooden houses, which are called “water houses”in the southwest section of the mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. and in side the fourth courtyard there is a structurecalled “the pavilion of phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. the pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. the six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. just atthe back of the pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. across both ends ofthe platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. there are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns ofpainted trailing plants and arabic letterings. the imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of mecca, to chant in koran and to pay their religious homage.the moslems in china share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. they worship five timesa day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. female worshipers attend their services in a separated place fromtheir brothers, usually at home. moslems pay special attention totheir health and see that they always wear clean clothes. they are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood forin koran pigs have been mentioned four time s as being “unclean”. according to koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. however, except a few places in xinjiang, the chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out.upon his death, a moslem has t o be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “ke fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting scriptures at the funeral.the chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. and of course, the moslems in china enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.英文导游词范文——陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum and the terra-cotta warriorsand horses museumemperor qin shihuang (259-210b.c.) had ying as his surname and zheng as his given name. he name to the throne of the qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. by 221 b.c., he had annexed the six rival principalities of qi, chu, yan, han, zhao and wei, and established the first feudal empire in china’s history.in the year 221 b.c., when he unified the whole country, ying zheng styled himself emperor. he named himself shihuang di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, thethird even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper orderto carry on the hereditary system. since then, the supreme feudal rulers of china’s dynasties had continued to call themselves huang di, the emperor.after he had annexed the other six states, emperor qin shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture andcounty system. he standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. to protect against harassment bythe hun aristocrats. emperor qin shihuang ordered the great wall be built. all these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. they had a great and deep influence upon china’s 2,000 year old feudal society.emperor qin shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the qin dynasty’s history and culture, divinationand medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. as a result, china’s ancient classics ha d been devastated and destroy. moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. those events were later called in history“the burningof books and the burying of confucian scholars.”emperor qin shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale constructionand had over seven hundred palaces built in the guanzhong plain.these palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasurefrom one palace to the other. often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum has not yet been excavated.what looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. however,the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of emperor qinshihuang’s mausoleum was.no.1 pit was stumbled upon in march 1974 when villagers of xiyang village of yanzhai township, lintong county, sank a well 1.5km eastof the mausoleum. in 1976, no.2 and 3 pits were found 20m north of no.1 pit respectively after the drilling survey. the terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. this discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. in 1975, a museum, housing the site of no.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the state council. the museum was formally opened to public on oct.1, the national day, 1979.no.1 pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide fromnorth to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. it is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. there are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. the pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. the battle formation of the qin dynasty, facing east. in the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. they are supposed to be the van of the formation. immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternatingwith war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. they are probably the main body of the formation. there is one line ofwarriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. they are probably the flanks and the rear. there are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from no.1 pit.no.2 pit sis about half the size of no.1 pit, covering about6,000 square meters trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. the 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. but their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. the copper parts of the chariots still remain. each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. according to textual research, these clay horseswere sculptures after the breed in the area of hexi corridor. the horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.no.3 pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of thebattle formation. now, no.2 and 3 pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. the floors of both no.1 and 2 pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. in these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. analysis shows that the pits were burned down by xiang yu, leader of a peasant army. all of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing emperor qin shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.the height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. they look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the qin dynasy. they organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. the clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. as the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. however, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. they are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. these weapons were exquisitely made. some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. this indicates that qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.in december 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum. these single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments,one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. thefour horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. the restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.the chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. they have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful. probably they were meant for the use of emperor qin shihuang’s soul to go on i nspection. the bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology. for instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. according to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. the excavationof the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuablematerial and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the qin dynasty.no.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated. after two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on october 1, 1983. no.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.以下文字仅用于测试排版效果, 请使用时删除！“山不在高，有仙则灵。

西安旅游景点介绍英语作文

西安旅游景点介绍英语作文英文版:Title: Discovering the Wonders of Xi'anXi'an, the ancient capital of China, is a city steeped in history and culture. As one of the oldest cities in the country, Xi'an boasts a wealth of historical sites and attractions that draw visitors from around the world.One of the most famous attractions in Xi'an is the Terracotta Warriors. Discovered in 1974, this incredible archaeological find features thousands of life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots that were buried with the first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. Visitors can marvel at the intricate details of each warrior and learn about the fascinating history behind this ancient tomb.Another must-see attraction in Xi'an is the City Wall. Built during the Ming Dynasty, this impressive fortification stretches over 13 kilometers and offers stunning views of the city. Visitors can rent bikes and cycle along the top of the wall, taking in the sights and sounds of the bustling city below.For those interested in religious history, Xi'an is home to the Great Mosque, one of the oldest and largest mosques in China. This beautiful building blends traditional Chinese architecture with Islamic design elements, creating a unique and peaceful atmosphere.Finally, no trip to Xi'an would be complete without sampling some of the city's famous cuisine. From spicy noodles to savory dumplings, Xi'an offers a wide range of delicious dishes that are sure to satisfy any food lover.With its rich history, stunning attractions, and delicious food, Xi'an is a city that should not be missed. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for a unique travel experience, Xi'an has something to offer everyone.中文翻译:西安,这座古老的中国都城,是一座沉浸在历史与文化中的城市。

西安大清真寺英文导游辞

西安大清真寺英文导游辞Welcome to the Great Mosque of Xi'an! Located in the heart of the city, this mosque holds great cultural and historical significance. Let me be your English-speaking guide as we explore its unique features.The Great Mosque of Xi'an, also known as the Daxuexi Mosque, was established during the Tang Dynasty, dating back over 1,300 years. As the oldest and one of the largest mosques in China, it serves as an important religious center for Chinese Muslims.Upon entering, you will notice a harmonious blend of Chinese architectural elements with Islamic design. The mosque covers an area of over 12,000 square meters and is divided into several sections.Let's start with the main entrance gate, which displays beautiful Chinese calligraphy and traditional motifs. It is said that the gate was built in the Tang Dynasty and remains remarkably well-preserved.Moving inside, you will find a spacious courtyard surrounded by various halls and pavilions. The prayer hall, also known as the Main Hall, is the most significant building and can accommodate over a thousand worshippers. Its grand wooden arches, inscriptions, and intricate patterns showcase the exquisite craftsmanship of ancient China.As we walk through the mosque, you will also notice the unique combination of Chinese and Islamic architectural features. The pavilions, pagodas, and gardens create a serene and peaceful atmosphere, inviting visitors to reflect and appreciate the beauty of this religious site.A notable feature of the Great Mosque is its wooden minaret, standing at a height of36 meters. This iconic structure offers a panoramic view of the mosque and the surrounding area.In addition to its architectural beauty, the Great Mosque of Xi'an also houses a rich collection of ancient Islamic artifacts, including calligraphy, scriptures, and porcelain. These artifacts provide insights into the history and culture of the Chinese Muslim community.As we conclude our tour of the Great Mosque of Xi'an, I hope you have gained a deeper appreciation for this unique blend of Chinese and Islamic culture. Whether you are interested in history, architecture, or spirituality, this mosque offers a truly enriching experience.Thank you for choosing me as your guide, and I hope you enjoy the rest of your stay in Xi'an.。

清真寺英文导游词（通用3篇）

清真寺英文导游词（通用3篇）清真寺英文篇1The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asiato Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslem s in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.According to the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The stillintact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called Retrospection T ower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which a re called Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the wor shipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks verymuch like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his dea th, a Moslem has to be thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respectedeverywhere in the country.清真寺英文导游词篇2Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi’an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rainhere. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths). At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pa vilion. On its head three big Chinese characters Xi Jia Lou” (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C. The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.The Xi’an Incident took place on Decemb er 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy domestic tranquility is a must for theresistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Inspired by our Party’s policy let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the suppression of the Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth. Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the fam ous Xi’an Incident.Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only. What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi’an.In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of workthere, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi’an Incident was so peacefully settled.The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a National Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident. It was also called Vital Energy Pavilion”. After the national li beration it was renamed Catching Chiang Pavilion”. Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident. Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a lo ok at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times. It was constantlyunder special control. Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and sh e pulled a long face. Then the band were asked to play the bamboo flute and strings” and she remained displeased. Afterwards, maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did not let out a smile at all.You don’t like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King asked.I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It was clear anf melodious,” she replied. King You said in excitement, That is very simple. How come you didn’t let me know it earlier?”Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Qu een reached theLishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that Everything should have been all right. I have just been joking with you.” When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved. Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.”清真寺英文导游词篇3出银川南门广场西行二里许，一座具有鲜明伊斯兰风格的建筑物银川南关清真大寺，便矗立在你的眼前。

西安清真大寺英文导游词(最新)

大清真寺Good morning, Ladies and gentlemen. Today we are going to visit The Mosque,which is a major spot for religious activities of over 60,000 Moslems in Xi'an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People…s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi'an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China's Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Hangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane we visit today is the largest in Xi'an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qic hang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both e legantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in thesouthwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure cal led “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.Ok, everyone, so much for this today. We still have some free time. So next, you may look around and take some pictures. We‟ll leave at 11o‟clock, so please don‟t be late. You know I will miss you. And I‟ll stay here, if you have any question, please ask me. By the way, watch your step please! So next, it‟s your turn. Enjoy yourself and thank you for listening.。

英语Reporter

最后，祝愿同学们暑期玩得愉快秦始皇兵马俑博物馆 The Museum Of Emperor Qinshihuang’s Terra
华清池 The Huaqing Pool
Then,let us know the Xi'an City

然后，让我们来了解西安这个城市吧
Xi'an, called Changan, Jingzhao, is one of the world's greatest civilizations the world-famous ancient capital, the largest in the four ancient capitals of China, is the most dynasties established their capitals in Chinese history, the capital of the most influential.
西安，古称长安、京兆，是举世闻名的世界四大文明古都之一，居中国四大古都之首，是中国历史上建都朝代最多，影响力最大的都城。
Next, Xi'an cuisine

接着，是西安的美食
Finally, I wish the students have a good time in this summer......
小雁塔 The Small Wild Goose Pagoda
钟楼与鼓楼 The Bell Tower & The Drum Tower
化觉巷清真寺 The Great Mosque at HUAJUE Lane
城墙 The City Wall
陕西历史博物馆 The Shaan’xi History Museum

大清真寺英文导游词

The Great Mosque at Huajue LaneGood morning, ladies and gentlemen. Now we r in the Great Mosque at Huajue Lane. It is the major spot for the religious activities of over sixty thousand(60,000) Moslems in Xi’an.Unlike Arabian mosques with splendid domes,skyward minarets,this mosque possesses much Chinese tradition in both design and artistic outlook.Xi’an was the capital of 13 Dynasties in ancient China. As the starting point of the Silk Road, Xi’an became an international city, especially during the Ta ng Dynasty. The society of the Tang Dynasty was wealthy and people were very open minded. They welcomed different cultures, arts and religions. The world’s two major religions were introduced to China during the Tang Dynasty: Christianity and Islam..Now I’d like to give u a brief introduction of Islam’s introducing into China.Islam was founded in the early 7th century AD and was introduced to China in the mid-7th century. Islam was introduced to China by merchants, travelers and missionaries from Arabic countries, Persia, and Afghanistan by land over the Silk Road and also by sea. Muslim men married local Chinese women, settled down, and their children became the first generation of Chinese Muslims. We call them Hui people. Today the Muslim populatio n in China is about 20millions. Xi’an has approximately 70,000Mulims.The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane is a major worship place for Muslims and it is famous for its uniqueness:First, it is the largest and the best preserved among of the fourteen mosques in Xi’an. It is believed to have been built during the Tang Dynast y making it one of the ealiest.Second, architecturally, the mosque does not look like the Arabic mosques. It resembles a Chinese temple or garden of the traditional Ming-Qing Dynasty style. Arabic letterings and scriptures are carved on the walls.Third, unlike traditional Chinese temples which always open the door to the south, the door of the Great Mosque opens to the east.Now let’s go into the first courtyard to have a look.Here we can see a wooden Memorial Arch. According to the stone tablets kept in the museum, we can see this mosque was built in the Tang Dynasty. But according to the architectural features inside the great mosque, some scholars conclude that this mosque was built in the Ming Dynasty. In ancient times Memorial Arches were a landmark of important places such as temples, parks, and palaces. A memorial arch might also be built to honor or commemorate a distinguished person.In the middle of the second courtyard there is a stone archway carved with four Chinese characters which means God is watching above. On either side of the archway there are two tablets. The one on the right was written by a very famous Muslim calligrapher, Mifu, of the Song Dynasty. It says “May Islam fill the universe”. The other bears the characters by the Ming master calligrapherDong Qichang, “Royally Bestowed”.Next, we will visit the third courtyard. At the entrance to the third courtyard is a stone tablet called the Moon tablet. It was compiled by Xiao Xinning who was in charge of this mosque in Qing dynasty. It is a calculation of the Hui calendar in Arabic and informs believers of Ramadan. Muslims are required to fast between sunrise and sunset in the 9th month of the year. This tablet is a treasure of the Great Mosque.In the middle of the third courtyard, there is a three-storeyed wooden structure called the Retrospection Tower. It has the same function as the minaret in Arabic countries. Orders r often sent from the tower to call the Moslems to come to worship.Here we can also see important structures--- respectively on the south and north wings of the tower are the reception chamber and the scripture chamber,both of them r elegant laid out.The five wooden houses,called “water houses”in the southwest section of the mosque,are where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services.The body cleaning can be divided into two kinds: the major oblation and the minor oblation. The major oblation means, people need use clean water to bathe themselves, and the minor oblation means if the believers come from a place without water, they can use the sand to wash themselves.Now we get to the last courtyard. The structure in front of us is the Phoenix Pavilion. This is where worshipers wait for services. There are three parts to the pavilion which is thought to resemble a flying phoenix, hence its name. On top of the middle part there are two Chinese characters, “Yi zhen”, means “one truth”. Muslims believe that their belief is the only truth in the world. They recite the Shahaba, which states that “there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allah.”Now, let’s walk to the end of the last courtyard. Here is the Prayer Hall of the Mosque. It holds over 1000 worshipers at a time. The walls of the hall,as well as the panels,are decorated with patterns of trailing plants and Arabic letterings . Muslims pray five times every day,they can pray anywhere, one the plane, in the street, or at home. Women are separated in prayer and are not allowed in this hall. The Shrine is at the west end of the hall because Mecca is located to the west of China.Ladies and gentlemen, I hope you have enjoyed my introduction to the Great Mosque. Now it’s your time,you can walk around and take some pictures. Enjoy yourself, and thank you for listening~。

西安清真大寺双语导游词十分钟（范本）

西安清真大寺双语导游‎词十分钟西安清真大‎寺双语导游词十分钟‎篇一：‎西安大清真寺英文导游‎词 the gre‎a t mosque ‎a t huajue ‎l ane the m‎o sque is a‎major spo‎t for reli‎g ious ativ‎i ties of o‎v er 60.000‎moslems i‎n xi?ˉan, ‎l ikeise, a‎n importan‎t ultural ‎r eli prote‎t ed b the ‎p rovinial ‎p eople?ˉs ‎g overnment‎.unlike t‎h e arabi m‎o sques, it‎h splendid‎domes, th‎e minarets‎reahing i‎n to the lo‎u ds, the o‎u lourful e‎n graved sk‎e thes ith ‎d aXXling p‎a tterns, t‎h e mosque ‎h ere in xi‎?ˉan posse‎s ses muh h‎i nese trad‎i tional to‎u h in both‎its desig‎n and arti‎s ti outloo‎k; besides‎the peul‎i ar to isl‎a mi mosque‎s, this mo‎s que also ‎h olds hara‎t eristis o‎f hinese p‎a vilions i‎t h painted‎beams and‎engraved ‎r idgepoles‎. hoever, ‎a n further‎disussion‎about the‎mosque il‎l be futil‎e unless a‎n thing of ‎t he introd‎u tion of i‎s lam into ‎h ina is br‎o ught up. ‎i slam as a‎religious‎order as ‎f ounded in‎the earl ‎p eriod of ‎t he 7th en‎t ur a.d. a‎n d as intr‎o dued to h‎i na in the‎mid-600s.‎at that t‎i me, arabi‎a n merhant‎s and trav‎e lers ame ‎t o the nor‎t hest of h‎i na b a of‎persia an‎d afghanis‎t an and th‎u s establi‎s hed diplo‎m ati, trad‎e, and mil‎i tar ontat‎s ith hina‎.in the m‎e antime, a‎n other rou‎t e sa a ba‎t h of sea ‎v oagers th‎r ough bang‎l adesh ba ‎a nd the ma‎l XX strait‎to hina?ˉ‎s guangzho‎u, quanzho‎u, huangzh‎o u, angzho‎u and othe‎r ities he‎r e man of ‎t hem settl‎e d don and‎married t‎h e loal om‎e n ho late‎r gave bir‎t h to babi‎e s ho then‎beame mos‎l ems. hoev‎e r, massiv‎e immigrat‎i on of the‎moslems t‎o hina did‎not take ‎p lae until‎as late a‎s the earl‎period of‎the 13th ‎e ntur, hen‎genghis k‎h an, as a ‎r esult of ‎h is expedi‎t ion again‎s t the est‎, had onqu‎e red vast ‎e xpanses o‎f land str‎e thing fro‎m entral a‎s iato eas‎t ern europ‎e, inludin‎g the nort‎h of iran.‎man of th‎e moslems ‎i n the onq‎u ered area‎s ere thus‎fored to ‎e nlist and‎later set‎t led in hi‎n a. among ‎t he enlist‎e d man ere‎soldiers,‎and some ‎e re smiths‎and offii‎a ls ho ere‎alled the‎hui peopl‎e in the h‎i stor book‎s on the u‎a n dnast. ‎t he hui pe‎o ple later‎folloed k‎u blai khan‎don to th‎e south, h‎e lping him‎unifing h‎i na and th‎e n establi‎s h the uan‎dnast. in‎the ake o‎f the onqu‎e st, islam‎spread al‎l over hin‎a and mosq‎u es began ‎t o appear ‎e verhere. ‎i n the uan‎dnast, ma‎n moslems ‎h eld posit‎i ons both ‎i n the mil‎i tar andi‎v ilian org‎a ns of the‎ountr. an‎d a lot of‎the mosle‎m s took pa‎r t in zhu ‎u anzhang?ˉ‎s uprising‎in the ea‎r l 14th en‎t ur and ma‎d e great o‎n tribution‎s to the f‎o unding of‎the ming ‎d nast. the‎r efore, al‎l the empe‎r ors of th‎e dnast is‎s ued manda‎t es to pro‎t et islam,‎and to se‎t up mosqu‎e s in prai‎s e of the ‎m oslems fo‎r their fe‎a ts. in th‎e earl 16t‎h entur, i‎s lam predo‎m inated qi‎n ghai on t‎h e minorit‎nationali‎t ies inlud‎i ng the hu‎i s, the ug‎u rs, the k‎a zaks, the‎kirgizes,‎the tajik‎s, the tar‎t ars, the ‎o zbeks, th‎e dong xia‎n gs, the s‎a lars and ‎t he bonans‎. the mosl‎e ms in xi?‎ˉan are ma‎i nl the hu‎i s, being ‎a small po‎r tion outo‎f the ten ‎m illion in‎hina. 3‎篇二：‎陕西西安大清‎真寺英文导游词陕西‎西安大清真寺英文导游‎词The Gre‎a t Mosque ‎a t Huajue ‎L ane The M‎o sque is a‎major spo‎t for reli‎g ious ativ‎i ties of o‎v er 60.000‎Moslems i‎n Xi’an, l‎i keise, an‎important‎ultural r‎e li protet‎e d b the P‎r ovinial P‎e ople’s Go‎v ernment. ‎U nlike the‎Arabi mos‎q ues, ith ‎s plendid d‎o mes, the ‎m inarets r‎e ahing int‎o the loud‎s, the oul‎o urful eng‎r aved sket‎h es ith da‎X Xling pat‎t erns, the‎Mosque he‎r e in Xi’a‎npossesse‎s muh Chin‎e se tradit‎i onal touh‎in both i‎t s design ‎a nd artist‎i outlook;‎besides t‎h e peulia‎r to Islam‎i mosques,‎this Mosq‎u e also ho‎l ds harate‎r istis of ‎C hinese pa‎v ilions it‎h painted ‎b eams and ‎e ngraved r‎i dgepoles.‎H oever, an‎furtherd‎i sussion a‎b out the M‎o sque ill ‎b e futile ‎u nless ant‎h ing of th‎e introdut‎i on of Isl‎a m into Ch‎i na is bro‎u ght up. I‎s lam asa ‎r eligious ‎o rder as f‎o unded in ‎t he earl p‎e riod of t‎h e 7th ent‎u r A.D. an‎d as intro‎d ued to Ch‎i na in the‎mid-600s.‎At that t‎i me, Arabi‎a n merhant‎s and trav‎e lers ame ‎t o the nor‎t hest of C‎h inab a o‎f Persia a‎n d Afghani‎s tan and t‎h us establ‎i shed dipl‎o mati, tra‎d e, and mi‎l itar onta‎t s ith Chi‎n a. In the‎meantime,‎another r‎o ute sa a ‎b ath of se‎a voagers ‎t hrough Ba‎n gladesh B‎a andthe ‎M alXX Stra‎i t to Chin‎a’s Guangz‎h ou, Quanz‎h ou, Huang‎z hou, Yang‎z hou and o‎t her ities‎here man ‎o f them se‎t tled don ‎a nd marrie‎d the loal‎omen ho l‎a ter gave ‎b irth to b‎a bies ho t‎h en beame ‎M oslems. H‎o ever, mas‎s ive immig‎r ation of ‎t he Moslem‎s to China‎did not t‎a ke plae u‎n til as la‎t e as the ‎e arl perio‎d of the 1‎3th entur,‎hen Gengh‎i s Khan, a‎s a result‎of his ex‎p edition a‎g ainst the‎est, had ‎o nquered v‎a st expans‎e s of land‎strething‎from Cent‎r al Asia t‎o Eastern ‎E urope, in‎l uding the‎north of ‎I ran. Man ‎o f the Mos‎l ems in th‎e onquered‎areas ere‎thus fore‎d to enlis‎t and late‎r settled ‎i n China.A‎m ong the e‎n listed ma‎n ere sold‎i ers, and ‎s ome ere s‎m iths and ‎o ffiials h‎o ere alle‎d the Hui ‎p eople in ‎t he histor‎books on ‎t he Yuan d‎n ast. The ‎H ui people‎later fol‎l oed Kubla‎i Khan don‎to the so‎u th, helpi‎n g him uni‎f ing China‎and then ‎e stablish ‎t he Yuan d‎n ast. In t‎h e ake of ‎t he onques‎t, Islam s‎p read all ‎o ver China‎and mosqu‎e s began t‎o appear e‎v erhere. I‎n the Yuan‎dnast, ma‎n Moslems ‎h eld posit‎i ons both ‎i n themil‎i tar and i‎v ilian org‎a ns of the‎ountr. An‎d a lot of‎the Mosle‎m s took pa‎r t in Zhu ‎Y uanzhang’‎s uprising‎in the ea‎r l 14th en‎t ur and ma‎d e great o‎n tribution‎s to the f‎o unding of‎the Ming ‎D nast.The‎r efore, al‎l the empe‎r ors of th‎e Dnast is‎s uedmandat‎e s to prot‎e t Islam, ‎a nd to set‎up mosque‎s in prais‎e of the M‎o slems for‎their fea‎t s. In the‎earl 16th‎entur, Is‎l am predom‎i nated Qin‎g hai on th‎e minorit ‎n ationalit‎i es inludi‎n g the Hui‎s, the Ugu‎r s, the Ka‎z aks, the ‎K irgizes, ‎t he Tajiks‎,the Tart‎a rs, the O‎z beks, the‎Dong Xian‎g s, the Sa‎l ars and t‎h e Bonans.‎The Mosle‎m s in Xi’a‎n are main‎l the Huis‎,being a ‎s mall port‎i on out of‎the ten m‎i llion in ‎C hina. The‎Mosque at‎Hua Jue L‎a ne is the‎largest i‎n Xi’an, a‎n d at the ‎s ame time,‎it is als‎o one of t‎h e earlies‎t built on‎a parativ‎e l large s‎a le, and e‎l l preserv‎e d mosques‎in China.‎Aording t‎o“the Ste‎l e on the ‎B uilding o‎f the Mosq‎u e”, the m‎o sque is s‎a id to be ‎b uilt in t‎h e Tang Dn‎a st. Hoeve‎r, the arh‎i tetural ‎o f the mos‎q ue sugges‎t s a possi‎b le buildi‎n g dating ‎b ak to the‎Ming Dnas‎t. The fou‎r ourtards‎of the mo‎s que over ‎a n area of‎more than‎12,000 sq‎u are meter‎s, out of ‎h ih about ‎4,000 are ‎o upied b v‎a rious str‎u tures. Th‎e still in‎t at ooden ‎f ront memo‎r ial gatea‎of the fr‎o nt ard, b‎u ilt at th‎e turn of ‎t heth entu‎r, ith gla‎z ed tiles ‎o n the top‎,spetaula‎r orners a‎n d upturne‎d eaves, i‎s about 9 ‎m etres hig‎h, and has‎a histor ‎o f about 3‎60 ears. T‎h e stone m‎e morial ga‎t ea in the‎enter of ‎t he seond ‎o urtard is‎flanked i‎t h a tail ‎s tele on e‎i ther side‎ith drago‎n s arved o‎n eah, reo‎r ding the ‎r epair ork‎ever sine‎the build‎i ng of the‎Mosque. O‎n the bak ‎o f one of ‎t he steles‎are engra‎v ed harate‎r s b the m‎a ster alli‎g rapher Mi‎Fu, “Ma B‎u ddhism Fi‎l l the Uni‎v erse”, on‎the other‎, “Roal -B‎e stoed”b D‎o ng Qihang‎, another ‎m aster of ‎t he same a‎r t of the ‎M ing dnast‎. The are ‎t reasures ‎i n Chinese‎alligraph‎. At the e‎n trane of ‎t he third ‎o urtard is‎an imperi‎a l built h‎a ll, here ‎a“month t‎a blet”, sh‎o ing the a‎l ulation o‎f the Hui ‎C alendars ‎i n Arabi, ‎i s stored.‎It as pil‎e d b a man‎in harge ‎o f the mos‎q ue alled ‎X iao Minin‎g in the e‎a rl period‎of the Qi‎n g dnast. ‎A three –s‎t oreed ota‎g onaloode‎n struture‎alled “Re‎t rospetion‎Toer”also‎stands in‎theenter‎of the ou‎r tard, hih‎has the s‎a me funtio‎n as the m‎i naret in ‎I slami tem‎p les in Ar‎a bi ountri‎e s, and hi‎h is a pla‎e from her‎eorders e‎r e sent to‎all the M‎o slems to ‎e to orshi‎p. Respeti‎v el,on th‎e south an‎d north in‎g s of the ‎t oer, are ‎a reeption‎hamber an‎d a Sriptu‎r e Chamber‎,both ele‎g antl laid‎out. The ‎f ive ooden‎houses, h‎i h are all‎e d “Water ‎H ouses”in ‎t he southe‎s t setion ‎o fthe Mos‎q ue are th‎e plae her‎e the beli‎e vers bath‎e themselv‎e s before ‎t he attend‎their ser‎v ies. And ‎i n side th‎e fourth o‎u rtardthe‎r e is a st‎r uture all‎e d “the Pa‎v ilion of ‎P hoenix”, ‎a plaeher‎e the orsh‎i pers used‎to ait fo‎r the serv‎i es. The P‎a vilion, i‎n fat, is ‎a pound st‎r uture of ‎t hree smal‎l building‎s. Thesix‎-gabled st‎r uture of ‎t he entral‎part, adj‎o ining the‎tothree-‎g abled bui‎l dings on ‎e ah side l‎o oks ver m‎u h like a ‎f ling phoe‎n ix, and h‎e ne its na‎m e. Just a‎t the bak ‎o f the Pav‎i lion,the‎r e is a fi‎s hpond, be‎o nd hih is‎a platfor‎m ouping a‎n areaas ‎l arge as 7‎00 mA‎r oss both ‎e nds of th‎e platform‎stands th‎e 1,300 sq‎u aremeter‎e d servie ‎h all, hold‎i ng over a‎thousand ‎o rshipers ‎a t one.Th‎e re are ov‎e r six hun‎d red sunk ‎p anels ell‎as thesu‎n kpanels, ‎a re deorat‎e d ith pat‎t erns of p‎a inted tra‎i lingplan‎t s and Ara‎b i letteri‎n gs. The i‎m am leads ‎h is group ‎o forshipe‎r s, hile f‎a ing in th‎e diretion‎of Mea, t‎o hant in ‎K oran and ‎t o pa thei‎r religiou‎s homage. ‎T he Moslem‎s in China‎sharever‎muh the s‎a me ustoms‎ith their‎brothers ‎a nd sister‎s elsehere‎in the or‎l d. The or‎s hip five ‎t imes a d‎ a: at da‎n, at noon‎,in the a‎f ternoon, ‎a t dusk, a‎n d at nigh‎t. Female ‎o rshipers ‎a ttend the‎i r servies‎in a sepa‎r ated plae‎fromthei‎r brothers‎,usuall a‎t home. Mo‎s lems pa s‎p eial atte‎n tion to t‎h eir healt‎h and see ‎t hat the a‎l as ear le‎a n lothes.‎The are t‎e etotalers‎not onl o‎f ine, but‎also of p‎o rk and an‎i mal blood‎for in Ko‎r an pigs h‎a ve been m‎e ntioned f‎o ur times ‎a s being “‎u nlean”. A‎o rding to ‎K oran, a m‎a n an have‎four ives‎and omen ‎s hould ear‎veils hen‎the go ou‎t. Hoever,‎exept a f‎e plaes in‎Xinjiang,‎the Chine‎s e pratise‎monogam a‎n d omen ar‎eveiless ‎h en the go‎out. Upon‎his death‎, a Moslem‎has to be‎“thorough‎l leaned”a‎n d has to ‎b e buried ‎o ffinless ‎i n the gro‎u nd, ith a‎n imam rei‎t ing Sript‎u res at th‎e funeral.‎The Chine‎s e onstitu‎t ion promu‎l gates tha‎t freedom ‎o f religio‎n of eah i‎t izen and ‎f reedom of‎preservin‎g or refor‎m ing loal ‎u stoms for‎ever nati‎o nalit are‎permitted‎. And of o‎u rse, the ‎M oslems in‎China enj‎o equal ri‎g hts ith p‎e oples of ‎o ther nati‎o nalities ‎a nd their ‎r eligious ‎b eliefs an‎d ustoms a‎r e respete‎d everhere‎in the ou‎n tr.‎篇三：化觉‎巷清真大寺导游词化‎觉巷清真大寺导游词‎游客朋友，‎。

西安大清真寺的英文导游词三篇

西安大清真寺的英文导游词三篇西安大清真寺英文导游词一：Welcome to the Great Mosque of Xi’an!Located in the heart of the city, the Great Mosque is one of the oldest and most renowned mosques in China. It was first built in the Tang Dynasty and has been expanded and renovated throughout the centuries. With its unique architectural style that combines traditional Chinese and Islamic influences, the Great Mosque is not only a sacred place for Muslims but also a popular tourist attraction.As you enter the mosque, you will be greeted by a beautiful courtyard adorned with lush trees and colorful flowers. The courtyard is divided into different sections, each serving a specific purpose. The main prayer hall is located at the center of the courtyard and is where the daily prayers take place. It is a grand and magnificent hall with intricate carvings and exquisite calligraphy.One of the most impressive features of the Great Mosque is its combination of Chinese and Islamic architectural elements. The main prayer hall, for example, is built in a traditional Chinese style with upturned eaves and painted beams, while the arches and doorways are adorned with Arabic inscriptions. This blending of styles is a testament to the rich cultural exchange that has taken place in Xi’an over the centuries.As you explore the mosque, you will also come across various pavilions, halls, and courtyards, each with its own unique charm. The Stele Pavilion, for instance, houses a collection of ancientsteles that document the history of the mosque. The Water Pavilion, on the other hand, offers a tranquil oasis with its serene pond and flowing water.The Great Mosque is not only a place of worship but also a center for cultural exchange. It has become a symbol of religious harmony and tolerance in Xi’an, attracting visitors from all over the world. Whether you are a Muslim or not, a visit to the Great Mosque is an enriching experience that offers a glimpse into the rich Islamic heritage of China.Thank you for visiting the Great Mosque of Xi’an. Enjoy your time here and may you find peace and inspiration in this sacred place.西安大清真寺英文导游词二：Welcome to the Great Mosque of Xi’an!As one of the oldest and largest mosques in China, the Great Mosque of Xi’an is a must-visit attraction for both Muslims and non-Muslims. Its rich history and unique architectural style make it a cultural gem of Xi’an.The mosque was first built during the Tang Dynasty and has undergone several expansions and renovations since then. Today, it covers an area of over 12,000 square meters and consists of various buildings, gardens, and courtyards. The main prayer hall is a grand structure with a capacity of over 1,000 worshippers. Its elaborately carved wooden beams and delicate calligraphy are a sight to behold.The Great Mosque is not only a place of worship but also a center for cultural exchange. It has a long history of promoting religious tolerance and understanding. The mosque is open to visitors of all faiths, and many non-Muslims come here to learn about Islam and experience its peaceful atmosphere.As you explore the mosque, you will notice the unique blend of Chinese and Islamic architectural styles. The main gate, for example, is a traditional Chinese structure with a towering arch and intricate carvings. Inside the mosque, you will find Islamic-style arches, domes, and minarets, giving it a distinct Middle Eastern flavor.Apart from its architectural beauty, the Great Mosque also houses a collection of valuable cultural relics. The Stele Pavilion, located within the mosque complex, displays ancient stone tablets with inscriptions that date back to the Tang Dynasty. These inscriptions provide valuable insights into the history and development of the mosque.Outside the main prayer hall, you will find a peaceful garden with beautiful pavilions and ponds. This is the perfect place to take a break and enjoy the tranquility of the surroundings. You may also come across worshippers engaged in their daily prayers, adding to the spiritual ambiance of the mosque.Thank you for visiting the Great Mosque of Xi’an. We hope you have gained a deeper understanding of Islam and its cultural significance in China. May your journey be filled with peace and enlightenment.西安大清真寺英文导游词三：Welcome to the Great Mosque of Xi’an!The Great Mosque, located in the Muslim Quarter of Xi’an, is a cultural and architectural treasure that showcases the harmonious coexistence of different religions and cultures in China. Built over 1,300 years ago, it is one of the oldest and most well-preserved mosques in the country.As you enter the mosque, you will be greeted by a serene courtyard with beautiful gardens and ancient trees. This peaceful oasis provides a stark contrast to the bustling streets of the Muslim Quarter. The courtyard is divided into four sections, representing the four great Islamic architectural styles: Arab, Persian, Central Asian, and Chinese.The main prayer hall, known as the Grand Hall, is a magnificent structure that can accommodate thousands of worshippers. Its wooden beams are intricately carved with verses from the Quran, showcasing the importance of calligraphy in Islamic art. The hall is also adorned with colorful mosaics and delicate paintings, adding to its grandeur.As you explore the mosque, take note of the intricate details and unique architectural elements. The archways are adorned with Islamic-style patterns and inscriptions in Arabic, while the rooftops feature traditional Chinese upturned eaves. The combination of these styles is a testament to the cultural exchange that has taken place in Xi’an over the centuries.In addition to its architectural beauty, the Great Mosque is a place of religious and cultural significance. It serves as a gathering place for Muslims in Xi’an and a center for Islamic education. ManyIslamic festivals and events are held here, attracting Muslims from all over China and beyond.As you wander through the mosque, you will come across various pavilions, halls, and courtyards, each with its own unique charm. The Stele Pavilion, for example, houses a collection of ancient steles and inscriptions that document the history of the mosque. The Water Pavilion offers a tranquil escape with its flowing water and lush greenery.Thank you for visiting the Great Mosque of Xi’an. We hope you have enjoyed this glimpse into the rich Islamic heritage of China. May your journey be filled with peace, understanding, and cultural discovery.。

清真寺英文导游词

清真寺英文导游词Welcome to our guided tour of the Islamic mosque, also known as the mosque. We are delighted to have you here with us today to learn more about this important place of worship for Muslims around the world. This mosque was founded by the Islamic community and has been an integral part of the city's history for many years. Therefore, it is our pleasure to share some interesting facts and stories about the mosque with you today.First, let's start with the history of the mosque. It was founded by the Islamic community in the late 19th century and has since been an enduring symbol of the strength and vitality of the Muslim faith. This mosque is a major religious center for the Muslim population here and attracts worshippers from afar every day, who come to pray and make offerings to Allah, the Almighty God.Next, let's take a closer look at the architecture and design of the mosque. The mosque is made up of several distinctive features, including towering minarets, a large central prayer hall, and a beautifully decorated dome. The minarets are the tallest structures in the mosque and serve as a symbol of the faithfulness of the Muslim community. The large central prayer hall is where the faithful gather for regular prayer sessions, and its distinctive domed ceiling is a breathtaking sight to behold, made all the moreimpressive by the intricate design patterns on the walls and floors.Now let us turn our attention to the practices and customs that take place in the mosque. As you can see, the mosque is a very solemn and peaceful place of worship, where strict customs and practices are observed at all times. Visitors should take this into consideration and be mindful of their behavior as they move throughout the mosque. During prayer, worshippers perform a series of rituals, including washing themselves and facing towards Mecca, the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad.Finally, we would like to leave you with some important historical and cultural knowledge about the mosque. For thousands of years, the Islamic faith has grown and flourished around the world, bringing with it a wealth of cultural and artistic traditions. These can be found in the intricate tile designs, calligraphy, and architectural marvels that we see within the mosque walls. It is also important to note that the mosque is a place of unity and acceptance, where people from all walks of life can come together and worship as one community.We hope that you have enjoyed our guided tour of the Islamic mosque, and that you have learned something new and interesting about this important place of worship. Thank you for joining us today, and please do return soon.。

清真大寺导游词

清真大寺导游词清真大寺导游词作为一名优秀的'旅游从业人员，常常需要准备导游词，导游词是导游员同游客交流思想，向游客传播文化知识的讲解词。

导游词应该怎么写才好呢？下面是小编整理的清真大寺导游词，希望能够帮助到大家。

清真大寺导游词1The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mos que here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles. However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Ban gladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China. Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issuedmandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minoritynationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China. The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, thearchitectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calcu lation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the cente r of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structurecalled “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunkpanels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.清真大寺导游词2The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in X ian, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial Peoples Govern ment. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into t he clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xian possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic ou tlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds charact eristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles. However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up. Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A. D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants a nd travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meanti me, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the M alacca Strait to Chinas Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other citie s where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China didnot take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching fr om Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslem s in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China. Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials wh o were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui pe ople later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty.In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all ove r China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhangs uprising in the early 14th century an d made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predomin ated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xian are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China. The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xian, and at the same time, it i s also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China. According to "the Stele on the Building of the Mosque", the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque sugge sts a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area ofmore than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,0 00 are occupied by various structures.The still intact wooden front memorial gatew ay of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a his tory of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second c ourtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, rec ording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, "May Buddhi sm Fill the Universe", on the other, "Royal -Bestowed"by Dong Qichang, another ma ster of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a "month ta blet", showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was comp iled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of th e Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called "Retrospection Tower"also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship.Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called "Water Houses"i n the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe the mselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called "the Pavilion of Phoenix", a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compoundstructure of three small b uildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform oc cupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. The re are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with pa tterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay the ir religious homage. The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with theirbrothers a nd sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attenti on to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotaler s not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being "unclean". According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few pla ces in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be "thoroughly cleaned"(thoroughly bathe d), has to be put on "Ke Fan"(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funer al. The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen an d freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for everynationality are permitt ed. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.。

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词word资料7页

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词The Great Mosque at Huajue LaneThe Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, anotherroute saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslemstook part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorialgateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, onthe south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.The Moslems in China share very much the same customswith their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and theirreligious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the countr。

英文的导游词范文

英文的导游词范文英文导游词范文——陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词the great mosque at huajue lanethe mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 moslems in 某i’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the provincial people’s government. unlike the arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the mosque here in 某i’an possesses much chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to islamic mosques, this mosque also holds characteristics of chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.however, any further discussion about the mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of islam into china is brought up.islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century a.d. and was introduced to china in the mid-600s. at that time, arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of china by way of persia and afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with china. in the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through bangladesh bay and the malacca strait to china’s guangzhou, quanzhou, huangzhou, yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became moslems.however, massive immigration of the moslems to china did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when genghis khan, as a result of his e某pedition against the west, had conquered vast e某panses of land stretching from central asia to eastern europe, including the north of iran. many of the moslems inthe conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in china.among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the hui people in the history books on the yuan dynasty. the hui people later followed kublai khan down to the south, helping him unifying china and then establish the yuan dynasty. in the wake of the conquest, islam spread all over china and mosques began to appear everywhere. in the yuan dynasty, many moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. and a lot of the moslems took part in zhu yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the ming dynasty. therefore, all the emperors of the dynasty issued mandates to protect islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the moslems for their feats. in the early 16th century, islam predominated qinghai on the minority nationalities including the huis, the uygurs, the kazaks, the kirgizes, the tajiks, the tartars, the ozbeks, the dong 某iangs, the salars and the bonans. the moslems in 某i’an are mainly the huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in china.the mosque at hua jue lane is the largest in 某i’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in china.according to “the stele on the building of the mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the tang dynasty. however, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the ming dynasty. the four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. the still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, isabout 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. the stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the mosque. on the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher mi fu, “may buddhism fill the universe”, on the other, “royal -bestowed”by dong qichang, another master of the same art of the ming dynasty. they are treasures in chinese calligraphy. at the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the hui calendars in arabic, is stored. it was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called 某iao mining in the early period of the qing dynasty. a three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “retrospection tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in islamic temples in arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the moslems to come to worship. respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a scripture chamber, both elegantly laid out. the five wooden houses, which are called “water houses”in the southwest section of the mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. and in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the pavilion of phoeni某”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. the pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. the si某-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoeni某, and hence its name. just at the back of the pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousandworshipers at once. there are over si某 hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and arabic letterings. the imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of mecca, to chant in koran and to pay their religious homage.the moslems in china share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. they worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. they are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. according to koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. however, e某cept a few places in 某injiang, the chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. upon his death, a moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “ke fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting scriptures at the funeral.the chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. and of course, the moslems in china enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.英文导游词范文——陕西西安秦始皇兵马俑英文导游词emperor qin shihuang’s m ausoleum and the terra-cotta warriors and horses museumemperor qin shihuang (259-210b.c.) had ying as his surname andzheng as his given name. he name to the throne of the qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. by 221 b.c., he had anne 某ed the si某 rival principalities of qi, chu, yan, han, zhao and wei, and established the first feudal empire in china’s history.in the year 221 b.c., when he unified the whole country, ying zheng styled himself emperor. he named himself shihuang di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. since then, the supreme feudal rulers of china’s dynasties had conti nued to call themselves huang di, the emperor.after he had anne某ed the other si某states, emperor qin shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. he standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. to protect against harassment by the hun aristocrats. emperor qin shihuang ordered the great wall be built. all these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. they had a great and deep influence upon china’s 2,000 year old feudal society.emperor qin shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned e某c ept those of the qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. as a result, china’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive. those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of confucian scholars.”emperor qin shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed severalhundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the guanzhong plain. these palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum has not yet been e某cavated. what looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. however, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot e某cavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and lu某urious the structure of emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum was.no.1 pit was stumbled upon in march 1974 when villagers of 某iyang village of yanzhai township, lintong county, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. in 1976, no.2 and 3 pits were found 20m north of no.1 pit respectively after the drilling survey. the terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. this discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. in 1975, a museum, housing the site of no.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the state council. the museum was formally opened to public on oct.1, the national day, 1979.no.1 pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. it is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. there are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. the pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth.the battle formation of the qin dynasty, facing east. in the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. they are supposed to be the van of the formation. immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. they are probably the main body of the formation. there is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. they are probably the flanks and the rear. there are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from no.1 pit.no.2 pit sis about half the size of no.1 pit, covering about 6,000 square meters trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. the 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. but their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. the copper parts of the chariots still remain. each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. according to te某tual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of he某i corridor. the horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.no.3 pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation. now, no.2 and 3 pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the e某hibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. the floors of both no.1 and 2 pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. in these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. analysis shows that the pitswere burned down by 某iang yu, leader of a peasant army. all of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing emperor qin shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the si某 states and unifying the whole country.the height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. they look healthy and strong and have different facial e某pressions. probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the qin dynasy. they organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the si某traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. the clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. as the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. however, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. they are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-a某es, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. these weapons were e某quisitely made. some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. this indicates that qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.in december 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariotsand horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of emperor qin shihuang’s mausoleum. these single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. the four horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. the restored bronze chariots and horses are e某act imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.the chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. they have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking lu某urious, splendid and graceful. probably they were meant for the use of emperor qin shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. the bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wa某 casting, which shows a high level of technology. for instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. according to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. the e某cavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides e某tremely valuable material and data for the te某tual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the qin dynasty.no.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when e某cavated. after two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally e某hibited in the museum on october 1, 1983. no.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.。

化觉巷

The Great Mosque at Huajue LaneGood morning, ladies and gentlemen! I will be your tour guide for your trip in xi’an. I will do my best to make your trip more enjoyable and memorable. I hope you will have a wonderful time stay here in xi’an.Today we are going to visit The Mosque at huajue lane. I will introduce you to this unique mosque which has a history of 1200 years and enjoys the reputation as one of the four famous mosques in china.In order to impress this scenic spot, please let me give you a very brief introduction about the city of Xi’an at first. It was the capital of 13 dynasties in ancient china. As the starting point of the Silk Road, Xi’an became an international city, especially during the Tang dynasty. The society of the Tang dynasty was wealthy and people were very open minded. They welcomed different cultures, arts and religions. The world’s two major religions were introduced to china during the Tang dynasty: Christianity and Islam.Islam was founded in the early 7th century AD by the Arab prophet, Muhammad. The word Islam means submission. Today it is the second largest religion with almost a billion believers in the world.Xi’an has nearly 70,000 Muslims.The great Mosque at Huajue lane is a major worship place for Muslims. Its four courtyards cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, with a building area of 4,000 square meters. It is famous for itsuniqueness:if you want to know why the door opens to the east, follow me, you’ll get the answer at the end of this tour! And now let’s go into the first courtyard.Here we can see a wooden Memorial Arch, was built at the turn of the 17th century. It was constructed without nails using the traditional Chinese skill called dougong, which means tongue-in-groove. This construction and the elastic nature of wood allow the arch to be loose or tight, depending on the weather, and protect it against earthquakes. In ancient times Memorial Arches were landmark might also be built to honor or commemorate a distinguished person.In the middle of the second courtyard there is a stone archway carved with four Chinese characters which means God is watching above. On either side of the archway there are two tablets. The one on the right was written by a very famous Muslim calligrapher, Mifu, of the Song dynasty. It says “May the truth be fulfilled in the universe”. The one to the left was written by another famous calligrapher, Dong qichang, royally bestowed in the Ming dynasty.Next, we will visit the third courtyard. Locked in the wooden case at the entrance to the third courtyard is a stone tablet called the Moon tablet or the Month tablet. It was compiled by xiao xining who was in charge of this mosque in 1732. It is a calculation of the hui calendar in Arabic andinforms believers of Ramadan. Muslims are required to fast between sunrise and sunset in the 9th month of the year. This tablet is a treasure of the great mosque.Now we get to the last courtyard. The structure in front of us is the Phoenix pavilion. This is where worshipers wait for services. There are three parts to the pavilion which is thought to resembled flying phoenix, hence its name. On top of the middle part there are two Chinese characters, “yi zhen”, means “one truth”. Muslims believe that their belief is the only truth inn the world, that “there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the prophet of Allah.”Now let’s walk to the end of the last courtyard. Here is he prayer hall of the Mosque. It is large enough to hold over 1000 worshipers. The ceiling is painted with over 600 relief panels. The walls on the inside of the hall are painted with the scripture of the Koran in both Arabic letterings and Chinese characters. Outside of the hall, there are the clocks which strike five times per day, as Muslims pray five times every day. They can pray anywhere, on the plane, in the street, or at home. They do the communal prayer on Friday at the Mosque. Women are separated inn prayer and are not allowed in this hall. The shrine is at the west end of the hall because Mecca is located to the west of China. Muslims always face the direction of their holy city, Mecca, while they are praying. Therefore, all mosques in China open their doors to the east and worshipers pray tothe west.Ok, everyone! So much for this today! We still have some free time. So next, you may look around and take some pictures. We’ll leave at 12 o’clock, so please do not be late. And I’ll stay here, if you have any question, please ask me. By the way, watch your step please! So next, it’s your turn. Thank you for listening.。