高中英语主谓一致含习题及讲解
最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习-(精华版)
高中英语之“主谓一致”(**)主谓一致的概念。
所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间,即(主语的人称和单复数形式)决定着(谓语动词对应的形式)。
(一)主谓一致的种类一、【语法一致】1. vand连接〉两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况:(1)如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。
He and she ____ both students of this school.他和她都是这个学校的学生。
(2)如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数。
The singer and dancer ___ going to give us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。
The knife and fork ____ o n the table.刀叉在桌子上。
2. 如果主语是<不定式,动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。
When he is coming seems very important.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps is his hobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。
To love her is not to break her wings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。
3.定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时,要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数<随主语的变化>而变化。
主谓一致习题及解析
主谓一致高考真题(2011—2006年)【2011安徽卷)27】The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】D【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。
【解析】定语从句中先行词是the raw materials,故定语从句应与先行词数的一致,用复数,上文时态为过去式,故选D。
句意为:工厂用了这种原材料的65%,剩余部分节省出来做他用。
【2011湖南卷)26】One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _______black people.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; areD. are; is【答案】A【考点】考查主谓一致。
【解析】整个国家为整体,三分之一的部分当然也应用单数;而the majority of citizens主要指人,是可数名词,此时的谓语动词用复数,表示“大多数,大部分”。
【10全国Ⅱ】Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress.A. wearB. wearsC. has wornD. have worn【答案】B【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。
【解析】首先the only one of ….为先行词时, 定语从句修饰的是one, 即one是主语, 而非后面的复数women, 根据主谓一致的原则, 谓语动词应该用复数, 排除A, D。
另外, 从“is”可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯, 因此要用一般现在时, 排除C, 故选A【10湖南】Listening to loud music at rock concerts _____ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. isB. areC. hasD. have【答案】C【考点】主谓一致【解析】根据动名词短语做主语, 句子的谓语动词用单数形式, 由此排除B、D两项, 根据主语与caused的主动关系, 排除A项【10四川】Such poets as Shakespeare ______widely read, of whose works, however, some _____difficult to understand.A. are;areB. is;isC. are;isD. is:are【答案】A【考点】考查主谓一致。
主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)
主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
1、语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
Tom is a good student。
汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2、意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。
My family are having lunch now。
我们一家人现在正吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book。
这本书20美元太贵了。
3、就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。
There is a pen and some books on the desk。
课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词(代词)/不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式;复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。
The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。
Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。
The students are playing football on the playground。
这些学生正在操场上踢足球。
2、“a great/ good many+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
但“many a+名词”作主语,意义虽为“许多",但谓语要用单数形式.Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
(英语)英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析
A.The number of; is
B.A number of; are
C.The number of; are
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:教室里的学生人数是二十,其他的人在图书馆。The number of ……的数量,谓语动词用单数;a number of大量的,谓语动词用复数。The others其他的,表示复数,谓语动词用复数,结合题意故选A。
11.Mr Jiang isn’t as busy as before because thereno home robot to help him.
A.used to beB.may beC.used to haveD.may have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:江先生不如以前忙,因为过去没有家用机器人来帮助他。used to be过去是,may be可能是,used to have过去有,may have可能有。There be句型,表示存在,意为“有”。根据Mr Jiang isn’t as busy as before可知此处指的是过去,故用used to be。故选A。
A.haveB.hasC.wasD.Were
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:伊芙或赫伯已经被路西的父母邀请了。
Either ... or...或者……或者,连接两个主语时,用就近原则,already是现在完成时的标志词,结合句意,故选B
8.I think _____ of the materials I listen to at the beginning of the exam _____easy.
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习
高中英语主谓一致精析及强化训练一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
如:The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。
2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。
特殊词解析:1. majoritythe majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。
The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。
但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。
如:The majority are young people.2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,如:The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。
The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.minority作主语时谓语用单数还是复数minority表示“少数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式(具体用法与majority大致同相)。
(英语)英语主谓一致练习题含答案及解析
—I’m sorry. _______ Jack ______ I have ever been there.
A.Either; orB.Not only; but alsoC.Both; andD.Neither; nor
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:--连接这两座城市的铁路什么时候开通?--明年才开通。这段铁路只修了三分之二。
until直到……时候;根据句意可知,直到明年铁路才能开通,因此应该用否定形式not until,直到……时候,才……;第二个空前的主语是two thirds,意思是三分之二的铁路,railway是单数形式,故动词也应该用单数,故选C。
15.This pair of shoes ______ hand, and it ______very comfortable.
A.is made with, is feltB.are made from, is felt
C.are made of, feelsD.is made by, feels
10.Wechat(微信)is very popular. ____ the young ____ the old are getting interested in it.
A.Neither;norB.Either;or
C.Not only;but alsoD.Between;and
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词,后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人,用who、that引出定语从句,B错;关系词在定语从句中作主语,定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数,谓语用单数:plays。故选C。
高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习
主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义:在英语句子中,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
分类:语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。
Ⅱ. 语法一致原则:谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语;a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语:This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语,谓语动词用复数:You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数:a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + 单数名词(人)+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数。
英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析
英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析一、主谓一致1.How your winter holiday?—It great. But I tired nowA.was, was, am B.is , was, wasC.is, is , am D.is, is , was【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:你寒假过得怎么样?--好极了。
但是我现在很累。
根据语境可知,第一个空用一般过去时态,主语是单数,谓语动词用was;其答语也是用一般过去时态,第二个空是一般现在时态,主语是I,谓语动词用am。
根据题意,故选A。
考点:考查be动词的用法。
2.It is reported that the population of China smaller in the past few months. The aging(老龄化) is a big problem. More parents are encouraged to give birth to more babies. A.became B.will become C.have become D.has become【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:据报道,中国人口在过去的几个月里已经变少了。
老龄化是一个大问题。
鼓励更多的父母生更多的孩子。
A. became变成,一般过去时态;B. will become 将变成,一般将来时;C. have become已经变成,现在完成时;D. has become已经变成,现在完成时,第三人称单数。
主语是the population,根据语境可知是现在完成时,其结构has done的形式。
根据句意,故选D。
3.In our class _____ of the students _____ girls.A.third fifths; is B.third fifth; are C.three fifth; is D.three fifths; are 【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:我们班五分之三的学生是女孩。
高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习
高中英语主谓一致(一)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如 family,team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:Hisfamilyisahappyone.ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。
2)某些集体名词,如people,police,cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。
如:Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.4)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。
如:Threeyearshaspassedsincethen.5)不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
如:Eachboyandeachgirlwantstogotothecinema.6)如果主语有morethanone很多非常⋯或manya许多,,构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。
如:Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.Manyagirlhasbeenthere.7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。
但如果主语用“akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
如:Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.8)thiskindofmen的谓语动词用单数,menofthiskind的谓语动词用复数,all kindsof后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题及答案及解析
【解析】
试题分析:句意:-妈妈,三分之一的苹果已经坏了。-我们最好尽快吃了。在英语中的分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母要用复数形式。所以选A。
考点:考查分数及主谓一致。
8.—How many_______doctors are there in your hospital, David?
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:--你认为这部电影怎么样?--太好了,孩子和父亲都喜欢看这部电影。A. Both; and连接时这里的谓语动词应该是like;B. Either…or或者;C. Not only…but also不仅…而且;D. Neither…nor既不…也不。根据句意故选C。
考点:考查连词的用法。
11.Both Mike and I ____ ready for the new high school life.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】பைடு நூலகம்
句意:Mike和我都为新的高中生活做好了准备。am,is和are都是be动词的形式,am用于主语是第一人称I的时候;is用于主语是单数的时候;are用于主语是复数或者是第二人称you的时候。这句话的主语是Both Mike and I,指两个人,故be动词用复数,选D。
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题及答案及解析
一、主谓一致
1.There ____ two concerts tomorrow evening.
A.will areB.are going to be
C.is going to beD.are going to have
【答案】B
【解析】
主谓一致练习题含答案及解析
主谓一致练习题含答案及解析一、主谓一致1.----Could you get me a piano, Mum?----There ________ enough room for one in our room. But we’ll try.A.is B.are C.isn’t D.aren’t【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:妈妈,你能给我买一架钢琴吗?——在我们的房间里没有足够的空间,但我们会尽力的。
room此处为不可数名词,空间的意思。
结合句意,答案为C。
考点:考查主谓一致。
2.Nowadays many new taxi apps(打车软件)_________ to help people travel around more easily.A.are used B.use C.used D.is used【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:现在很多新的打车软件被用来帮助人们更方便地旅行。
are used被用来;use使用;used过去式;is used被用来。
根据句意可知,主语many new taxi apps与动词构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数的,故应选A。
3.—What kind of movies do you prefer?—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives【答案】A【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。
此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。
4.There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.A.was B.were C.is D.are【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:冰箱里还有一些苹果汁。
【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、主谓一致1.The plan they are talking about _________ improving greatly.A.need B.needsC.needing D.needed【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意为:他们在谈论的计划需要极大地改善。
根据语境可知,这里谈论的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。
由于句子主语为the plan,属第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,故应选B。
考点:考查主谓一致问题。
2.Everyone except Tom and Jim _______ going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.A.is B.are C.am D.be【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:除了汤姆和吉姆之外,每个人都会去拜访在深圳的一些朋友。
Except意为“除了”,引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式,本句主语是everyone,不定代词,谓语动词用be动词单数is,故选A。
【点睛】as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。
例如:1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.3.(两者之中)任何一个I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习
高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习一、讲解部分主谓一致是高中英语语法中的一个重要概念,它指的是在英语句子中,主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。
具体来说,就是主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
同时,谓语动词的人称要根据主语的性别和数量进行变化。
主谓一致的规则主要包括以下三个原则:1.语法一致原则:主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。
2.意义一致原则:主语和谓语动词在意义上保持一致。
3.邻近一致原则:如果一个句子中有两个主语,谓语动词与距离它最近的主语保持一致。
在实际应用中,需要根据具体的语境和上下文来判断主谓一致的用法。
例如,在一般现在时中,如果主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it),谓语动词要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式(they/we/you),谓语动词要用复数形式。
二、练习部分1.用正确的形式填空:(1) He(play) basketball every Sunday.(2) She(write) letters to her friends every week.(3) We(go) to the movies on Fridays.(4) They(not play) in the park now.(5) I ___(not write) to my parents this week.答案:(1) plays (2) writes (3) go (4) aren't playing (5) haven't written1.翻译句子:(1) 他们喜欢游泳和打篮球。
答案:They like swimming and playing basketball.。
英语主谓一致常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析
【答案】 A
【解析】
【详解】
句意 “-你想要果汁还是咖啡? -都可以,我不在意 ”。根据 either 可知,空处用单数,排除
B;且根据句意可知,用一般现在时,故选
A。
3.—Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese people in China?
【解析】
试题分析: — 我昨天下午五点给你打电话了,但是没人接。
— 对不起,那时我正陪着妈妈
买东西呢。通过以上分析可知,应该用过去进行时;本句
I 是主语, with my parents 是介
词短语做定语,不是主语,所以后面用 was。故选 A。
考点:考查时态和主谓一致的用法。
11. There A. is 【答案】 A 【解析】
A. will have; in
B.is going to be; at
C. will be; since 【答案】 B
D. is going to have; by
【解析】
试题分析:句意:本月底有一个时装秀。 At the end of 在 …结束时; There be 结构的一般将
来时为 There will be 或 There is going to be 。所以选 B。
6.There are millions of websites on the Internet and there_______ a lot of useful _______on the websites.
A. are; informations
B.are; information
C. is; informations 【答案】 D
主谓一致讲解及练习附答案
主谓一致【考纲说明】1〕掌握主谓一致三大原那么:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么2〕学会分析句式,排除干扰,分清主谓,明了句子的主谓关系3〕本专题以单项选择、单词拼写和词形转换的考察为主,分值为1—2分。
【知识梳理】一、定义:谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三条原那么:语法一致原那么,意义一致原那么和就近一致原那么。
二、语法一致原那么概念:即在谓语和主语在语法形式上取得一致。
如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
但须注意以下几种情况:1〕以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开场吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。
Reading is learning. 读书就是学习。
What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。
【注意】:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。
但假设表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列构造〞时,主句的谓语动词用复数。
What I bought is three English books. 我买的是三本英语书。
What I say and do are helpful for you. 我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。
2〕由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。
John and Ann are good friends. 约翰和安都是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students。
.露西和莉莉都是学生。
【注意】:由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every,every …and (every)…,each …and (each)…,no …and (no)…,或many a ,many a …and(many a)…,more than one, 修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。
英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析
英语主谓一致专项习题及答案解析及解析一、主谓一致1.-How time flies! Three years since we came to this school,-Yes,it a good memory.A.have passed; is B.has passed: isC.pass; has been D.passed; was【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:--时间飞逝。
从我们来到这所学校,三年的时间已经过去。
--是的,它是一个美好的回忆。
时间做主语看做单数,故排除AC。
since从……(到现在),是现在完成时的标志,故排除D,故选B。
考点:考查主谓一致及时态的用法。
2.Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A.make, worry B.make, be worriedC.makes, worried D.makes, worry【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:雾霾是一种空气污染。
它使人们担心他们的健康。
考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。
it是单数第三人称,动词需用三单形式,可排除AB两项。
make让,使役动词,make sb. do sth.让某人做某事,是固定结构,可排除C项。
根据句意结构,可知选D。
3.There __________ still some apple juice in the fridge. It’s not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.A.was B.were C.is D.are【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:冰箱里还有一些苹果汁。
我们现在没有必要去超市。
表示某处有某物常用There be 句型。
本句主语some apple juice属不可数名词,结合语境,所以选C。
高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题
高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题高一语法---主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。
一.谓语动词用单数的情况1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语,谓语用单数。
如:Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.To understand the situation completely requires more thought.2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。
Two weeks was too long. Ten yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。
3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念,谓语用单数:law and order 法制soap and water 肥皂水a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 针线trial and error 反复尝试,不断摸索horse and carriage 马车time and tide 岁月bread and butter 奶油面包the ebb and flow 盛衰,潮涨潮落Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man4. 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。
5. 两个用and连接的单数可数名词作主语,且第二个名词前无冠词,表示“一体”或“一双”,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致语法讲解及习题
3. 某些名词作主语。 1)集体名词时,若作为一个整体看待,谓 语用单数;若侧重个体,用复数。 如:family,team,class,crowd, government, population, audience, enemy(敌军)。 某些集体名词(people, police, cattle)谓 语动词只用复数。 2)单复数同形的词(deer, sheep, fish, means, works工厂, species):据意思 确定。
4. Alice, together with two boys,___ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished 5. Nobody but Jane ___ the secret. A. Know B. knows C. have known D. is known 6. No one in the department but Tom and I ____ that the director is going to resign. A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know
13.The whole class ____ the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening 14. Chairman Mao' s works(作品) __ published. A. has been B. have been C. was D. is 15.A chemical works____ built there. A. is to being B. have been C. were to D. has been 16. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here. A. are B. were C. is D. will
【英语】英语主谓一致练习题含答案含解析
6.-There______many trees at the foot of the mountain.
--But now they are slowly disappearing because of human activities.
A.is used to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你知道7月15日会有一场精彩的比赛和两场篮球赛吗?——是的。那天我要去看它们。考查there be结构。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,D是疑问句语序,可排除。根据句意语境,本句用一般将来时。there be结构的一般将来时用there will be和there is going to be,表示最近要做的事,可排除B。根据就近原则,a wonderful match一场精彩的比赛,需用there is going to be,可排除C项。综合以上,可知选A。
17.--What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?
--Wonderful!of the landcovered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifths; is B.Two fifth; is C.Two fifths; are D.Two fifth; are
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你认为这里的环境怎么样?——棒极了!五分之二的陆地被树木和草所覆盖。根据选项可知,第一个空所缺的词为分数;分数的表达法为分子基数词,分母序数词,分子大于1,分母加s,所以五分之二的表达方法为two fifths,排除B,D;分数后面的名词为land,又知land意为“陆地,土地”,为不可数名词,根据主谓一致的原则,所以第二个空缺处应用is,故答案选A。
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主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如:There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。
本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.。
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.2)当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
例如:Either you or she is to go.Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。
例如:The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.He as well as I wants to go boating.4. 谓语需用单数的情况1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。
例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.There is something wrong with my watch.2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。
例如:The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。
例如:Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.Ten yuan is enough.5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
例如:All is right.All are present.2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。
如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。
例如:His family isn't very large.His family are music lovers.但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
例如:Are there any police around?3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。
例如:A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。
例如:Most of his money is spent on books.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
例如: A series of accidents has been reported.A pile of lots was set beside the hearth.3)如many a 或more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。
但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
例如:Many a person has read the novel.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.三.巩固练习()1. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.A. were, wasB. was, wasC. was, wereD. were, were() 2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ an important part in daily communication.A. is playingB. have playedC. are playingD. play() 3. ____ of the land in that district _____covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, isB. Two fifth, areC. Two fifths, isD. Two fifths, are() 4. Ten minutes ______ a long time for one who waits.A. seemB. seemsC. seemedD. are seemed() 5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ a driving license.A. hasB. haveC. is havingD. are having’() 6. Joy and Sorrow _____ next-door neighbours.A. isB. areC. wereD. be()7. In my opinion, some of the news _____ unbelievable.A. areB. isC. has beenD. have been()8. When ______ the United Nations founded?A. isB. areC. wasD. were()9. Every possible means _____ .A. has triedB. has been triedC. was triedD. were tried()10. What she says and does _____ nothing to do with me.A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have()11. There _____ a dictionary and several books on the desk.A. areB. mustC. have beenD. is()12. Nobody ______ seen the film. It’s a pity.A. but Tom and Jack haveB. except Tom and Jack haveC. but my friends hasD. but I have()13. No teacher and no student ______.A. are admittedB. is admittedC. are admittingD. is admitting()14. All but one ______ here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were()15. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided()16. The writer and singer ______ here.A. isB. areC. wereD. do()17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes _____ all that I can spare to talk with you.A. areB. wasC. isD. were()18. In those days John with his classmates _____ kept busy preparing for the exam.A. isB. areC. wasD. were()19. —— ____ your clothes?——No, mine _____ hanging over there.A. Is it, isB. Are these, areC. Is it, areD. Are these, is()20. The Smith’s family, which ____ rathe r a large one, ____ very fond of their old houses.A. were, wereB. was, wasC. were, wasD. was, were()21. What the teacher and the students want to say _____ that either of the countries ____ beautiful.A. are, areB. is, isC. are, isD. is, are()22. He is the only one of the students who _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been()23. _____ of my brothers are reporters. Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings ______ their duty.A. Each, areB. Both, isC. Neither, areD. None, is()24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?——It’s rather high. You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.A. valueB. costC. priceD. use()25. —— Are the two answers correct?—— No, ______ correct.A. no one isB. both are notC. neither isD. either is not()26. The wind, together with rain and fog, _____ making sailing difficult.A. have beenB. wasC. / D/ are主谓一致四.答案1.C2. A3. C4. B5. A6. B7. B8. C9. B 10.C 11.D 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. C 19.B 20. D 21. B 22. D 23. B 24.C 25. C 26. B。