Reservoir Engineering(油藏工程英文课件1-6课)
油藏工程方案英文
油藏工程方案英文1. IntroductionThe development of an oil field is a complex and challenging task that requires careful planning and execution. Reservoir engineering plays a crucial role in the development of an oil field as it involves the optimization of production rates, recovery factors, and overall field management. In this report, we will outline a reservoir engineering plan for the development of an oil field, taking into consideration the geological, geophysical, and engineering aspects of the field.2. Reservoir characterizationThe first step in the development of an oil field is to characterize the reservoir in terms of its geological and petrophysical properties. This involves the analysis of core samples, well logs, and seismic data to determine the reservoir's porosity, permeability, fluid properties, and potential hydrocarbon reserves. This information is crucial for the design of the production and reservoir management strategies.3. Well placement and drillingThe next step in the reservoir engineering plan is to determine the optimal well placement and drilling strategy. This involves the identification of potential drilling locations based on the reservoir characteristics and the subsurface geology. The well design and drilling plan should take into consideration the reservoir's heterogeneity, fluid viscosity, and pressure regime to maximize production rates and recovery factors.4. Reservoir simulationOnce the well placement and drilling strategy are determined, a reservoir simulation study is conducted to predict the reservoir's behavior under different production scenarios. This involves the construction of a reservoir model based on the geological and engineering data, and the simulation of fluid flow, pressure distribution, and production rates. The reservoir simulation study is essential for optimizing the field development plan, and for forecasting the field's production and recovery over time.5. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR)In many mature oil fields, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are employed to improve the recovery factor and increase the overall production rates. EOR techniques such as water flooding, gas injection, and chemical flooding are designed and implemented based on the reservoir's characteristics and the production challenges. The selection of the EOR method is often based on reservoir simulation and field tests to determine the most effective technique for the field.6. Field development and infrastructureThe final step in the reservoir engineering plan is the design and implementation of the field development and infrastructure. This involves the construction of production facilities, well pads, gathering systems, and transportation pipelines to bring the produced oil to market. The field development plan should be designed to optimize production, minimize operational costs, and adhere to environmental regulations and safety standards.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the development of an oil field requires a comprehensive reservoir engineering plan that takes into consideration the geological, geophysical, and engineering aspects of the field. The reservoir engineering plan outlined in this report involves reservoir characterization, well placement and drilling, reservoir simulation, enhanced oil recovery, and field development. By carefully planning and executing the reservoir engineering plan, an oil field can be developed to optimize production and recovery, and to maximize the field's economic value.。
油藏工程(Reservoir
产能:1859年
年产2000bb
绪 论
第一阶段(-20世纪30‘s) 开始阶段
第二阶段(20世纪30-40‘s)
发展初期
第三阶段(阶段(60‘s-20世纪末)
现代化发展阶段
第五阶段(21世纪初——)
高新技术发展阶段
绪 论
进入80‘s后期,世界油气资源的新发 现越
综合分析油藏地质、油藏物理、地球物理 (测井,物探等)、渗流力学、采油工程等 方面成果,以及提供的信息资料,对油藏中 发 生物理化学变化进行评价、预测、提出相 应的 调整措施。 (2) 具有整体性、连续性、长期性
绪 论
对象——含油气的地层(间接研究) 难度:不可见性、非均质性。 目标——提高油气经济采收率。
绪 论
油藏工程——油田开发
从总体上来认识和改造油气藏的一门技术学科 包括两个方面的意思、一个完整的过程:
一是认识和分析组成油藏的各个部分的物理-化 学性质,及其在油气开采中的作用。
二是在油气开采过程中,认识油藏内部发生的 物理化学变化、机制,及其对油气开采的影响。
绪 论
特点 :
(1)一门高度综合的技术学科
来越少,油田开发的对象逐步向难开 发的地下
资源,油气资源开采的技术难度、投资额度和
分险程度日益增高。
因此,油藏工程已发展为整个油区制定
及实 施某种优化的油藏管理经营策略。
绪 论
科学技术进步推动着石油工业的发展 20世纪20~30‘s,重力、地震折射波、沉积学、引 入石油地质, 产生一个飞跃。
1925~30年,世界年平均发现原油约27亿吨; 1935~40年,世界年平均发现原油41亿吨。
绪 论
油藏工程(Reservoir Engineering)—— 油田开发
油气工程英语(English)
油气工程英语UNIT 1Origin of Oil and Gas 石油和天然气的成因Oil and gas result mostly from dead microorganisms buried quickly in anoxic environments , where oxygen is so scarce that they do not decompose. This lack of oxygen enables them to maintain their hydrogen-carbon bonds , a necessary ingredient for the production of fossil fuels. Newly developing ocean basins ,formed by plate tectonics and continental rifting (deforrnation) , provide just the right conditions for rapid burial in anoxic waters. Rivers fill these basins with sediments carrying abundant organic remains. Because the basins have constricted water circulation ,they also have lower oxygen levels than the open ocean.石油和天然气大多是由缺氧环境下迅速被掩埋的死亡微生物生成的。
这种环境氧气奇缺致使这些微生物无法分解。
氧气的缺乏能够使那些死去的微生物保持他们的碳氢键——这是产生化石燃料的一种必要组分。
由板块构造运动和大陆裂谷作用(变形)而新近演化形成的大洋盆地,正好为在缺氧水域的快速埋藏提供了合适环境。
English for the Oil Industry(石油英语教程)
The English for the Oil Industry PETROLEUM PROGRAMME 石油英语教程BBC (ENGLISH)ContentsUnit 1 The Rig(钻机) (1)Unit 2 Fishing Jobs(打捞工作) (9)Unit 3 Traps &Geology(圈闭和地质) (18)Unit 4 Reservoir Fluids(油藏流体) (26)Unit 5 Natural Flow(自喷) (36)Unit 6 Blowout Control(井控) (45)Unit 7 Drives and Stimulation(驱油和增产措施) (53)Unit 8 Directional Wells(定向井) (62)Unit 9 Jobs on the Rig(钻井作业) (70)Unit 10 Gathering Centres(集输中心) (79)Unit 11 Downstream of Production(生产下游) (87)Unit 12 Primary &Secondary Refining(粗炼和精炼) (95)Unit 13 Finishing Processes(精炼工艺) (103)Unit 14 Refinery Products(炼制产品) (111)Unit 15 Safety(安全) (120)Unit 16 Ways of Improving Recovery(提高原油采收率的方法) (129)Unit 17 Unconventional Sources of Oil(特殊石油资源) (137)Unit 18 Oil &The Environment(石油与环境) (144)Unit 19 Oil Conservation(石油资源保护) (152)Unit 20 Into the Future(能源前景) (160)THE PETROLEUM PROGRAMMEBBC (English)Unit 1 The Rig(钻机)Section A READING COMPREHENSIONRead the following passageIf there are any words or expressions that you don't understand,look under Special words and Expressions。
石油工程专业英语reservoir_engineering1
第一篇油气藏工程基本概念第一章油气藏工程名词解释第一节开发地质基础名词火成岩 igneous rock由地壳、地幔中形成的岩浆在侵入或喷出的情况下冷凝而成的岩石。
变质岩 metamorphic rock岩浆岩或沉积岩在温度、压力的影响下改变了组织结构而形成的岩石。
沉积岩 sedimentary rock地表或接近地表的岩石遭受风化(机械或化学分解)、再经搬运沉积后经成岩作用(压实、胶结、再结晶)而形成的岩石。
沉积岩在陆地表面占岩石总分布面积的75%。
沉积岩与石油的生成、储集有密切关系。
它是石油地质工作的主要对象。
碎屑沉积岩 clastic sedimentary rock在机械力(风力、水力)的破坏作用下,原来岩石破坏后的碎屑经过搬运和沉积而成的岩石。
例如砂岩、黄土等。
火山碎屑岩则是火山喷发的碎屑直接沉积形成的岩石。
化学沉积岩 chemical sedimentary rock各种物质由于化学作用(溶解、沉淀化学反应)沉积形成的岩石。
如岩盐、石膏等。
岩石结构 rock texture指岩石的颗粒、杂基及胶结物之间的关系。
岩石构造 rock structure指组成岩石的颗粒彼此相互排列的关系。
岩层 rock stratum由成分基本一致,较大区域内分布基本稳定的岩石组成的岩体。
层理 bedding受许多平行面限制的岩石组成的沉积岩层状构造。
水平层理 horizontal bedding层面相互平行且水平的层理。
水平层理表示沉积环境相当稳定。
如深湖沉积。
波状层理 wavy bedding层面象波浪一样起伏。
海岸或湖岸地带由于水的波浪击拍形成的层面。
交错层理 cross bedding一系列交替层的层面相交成各种角度的层理。
由于沉积环境的水流或水动力方向改变形成的层理。
沉积旋回 sedimentary cycle岩石的粒度在垂直向上重复出现的一种组合。
正旋回 normal cycle岩石自下而上由粗变细的岩石结构。
油藏工程基础ppt课件
油藏工程基础ppt课件contents •油藏工程概述•油藏地质基础•油藏流体性质与渗流规律•油藏开发方式与开采特征•油藏动态监测与资料分析•油藏评价与开发方案设计目录01油藏工程概述油藏工程定义与任务定义油藏工程是研究油藏(包括气藏)开发过程中油、气、水的运动规律和驱替机理,以及相应的工程调整措施,以求合理地提高开采速度和采收率的一门综合性技术科学。
任务油藏工程的主要任务是研究油藏(包括气藏和水驱油藏)的地质特征和开发过程中的动态特征,确定油田开发方案,编制油田开发计划,进行油田动态监测,提出改善油田开发效果的措施,预测油田开发趋势等。
油藏工程发展历程初始阶段20世纪初至40年代,以试井和油田动态分析为主要内容。
发展阶段20世纪50年代至70年代,以渗流力学和油层物理为基础,形成了系统的油藏工程理论和方法。
成熟阶段20世纪80年代至今,随着计算机技术的发展和应用,油藏工程实现了由定性到定量、由静态到动态、由单一到综合的转变。
油藏工程研究内容与方法研究内容主要包括油藏描述、渗流力学、试井分析、油田动态监测、油田开发方案设计与优化、提高采收率技术等。
研究方法综合运用地质、地球物理、钻井、测井、试油试采等多方面的资料和信息,采用数值模拟、物理模拟和现场试验等手段进行研究。
同时,注重与其他相关学科的交叉融合,如地球科学、石油工程、化学工程等。
02油藏地质基础沉积环境与沉积相沉积环境包括海洋、湖泊、河流、风成等不同类型的沉积环境,每种环境都有其特定的沉积物来源、搬运方式、沉积作用和保存条件。
沉积相指在一定沉积环境中形成的沉积物或岩石特征的综合,包括岩性、结构、构造、古生物等。
常见的沉积相有河流相、湖泊相、三角洲相、海滩相等。
沉积相与油气藏的关系不同沉积相带发育不同类型的储集层,控制着油气藏的分布和类型。
例如,河流相砂体常发育在古河床和河漫滩,是油气聚集的有利场所。
储层特征与类型储层特征01包括物性特征(如孔隙度、渗透率)、岩石学特征(如岩石类型、矿物组成)、储集空间类型(如孔隙、裂缝)等。
油藏工程课件Chapter5
We = V − K 1 P = N p Bo + W p − Wi − K 1 P
t
We = B
0
Pe Q ( t D )
2
B = 2 ro
tD =
Ce
ro re
3.6 K w t 2 W C e ro
rD = re / ro
B = 2 ro C e
Pe Q( t D ) B C e = C f Cw kw t hour; M 3 / Mpa ; 1 Mpa; 10 -3 m 2 ; Mpa ;
[
] (
)
p
• • • • •
1.
N pr
N P ⋅ Bo = N ⋅ Boi ⋅ C t ⋅ ( pi − p )
2.
1%
pi − p N ( pi − p) D pr = = 100 N p N p / N × 100
D pr N pr
V
<0.2 >30 >2%
0.2 0.5 10~30 1.5~2%
(
)
p
B t = B o + (R si - R s )B g
N p Bt − ( Rsi − R p )B g − ( We + Wi − W p ) N= B g - B gi 1+ m ( Bt − Bti ) + mB ti + Bti C f + S wi C w B gi 1 - S wi
(
)
=
NpBo + Np ( Rp − Rs )Bg +Wp − (We +Wi ) = N( Bo − Boi ) + N( Rsi − Rs )Bg + mNB oi Bg − Bgi Bgi 1+ m + NB Cf + SwiCw p oi 1- Swi
油储英语PPT word版
常用石油产品:gasoline: 汽油kerosene:煤油diesel:柴油fuel oil:燃料油lubricating oil:润滑油paraffin wax:石蜡asphalt:沥青C1-C10烃类:methaneethanepropanebutanepentanehexaneheptaneoctanenonanedecane甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸Liquefied Natural GasLNG 液化天然气Compressed Natural GasCNG 压缩天然气Liquefied Petroleum GasLPG 液化石油气:是丙烷和丁烷的混合物常用气体:H2: hydrogenO2: oxygenN2: nitrogenHe: heliumH2S: hydrogen sulfideCO2: carbon dioxideCO: carbon monoxideSO2: sulfur dioxideSO3: sulfur trioxideChapter 1 Oil and gas fields重点词汇hydrocarbon烃hydrate水合物wax deposition结蜡unit operation单元操作重点词汇:P2 acid gas酸气sweet gas甜气hydrogen sulfide硫化氢carbon dioxide二氧化碳dehydration脱水重点词汇:P3pressure压力temperature温度dew point露点重点词汇:P3residence time停留时间heat 加热electrostatic field静电场refinery 炼油厂crude oil 原油gas stripping 气提vapor pressure蒸汽压重点词汇:P4stage separation: 多级分离reboiled distillation:再沸蒸馏volatile hydrocarbon:挥发性烃sour crude oil:酸性原油长句解析:P3 第三段It is becoming more common to conserve the gas by compression and reinjection into the formation with a view to its eventual recovery and sales.本句的特点:it为形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定to conserve the gas by compression and reinjection into the formationwith a view to 从---观点看,考虑到本句的参考翻译:从提高气体的最终收率和销售的角度看,把气体压缩并回注到油气地层的方式保存气体变得越来越普遍。
高等油层工程AdvancedreservoirEngineering
石油的來源
15
石油的來源
-石油來自沈積岩的有機物質 -海洋裡大量的生物不停的,緩慢的掉落到海底。 雖然在掉落的過程中,有部分被吃掉或被氧化掉, 但另部份(動物或植物)掉落海底而埋在沼澤或泥濘之 海底 -海底繼續被Sand(砂),Clay(黏土)及debris等沈積物埋沒 一直到幾千英呎 -沈積物的壓力開始作用。 細菌由殘餘的有機物質中,用掉氧而分解物質, 使其僅存碳及氫 -在高度的壓力及重量的地層影響之下, Clays變成Shales → 石油產生
– chapter 1
Textbook 2 Archer, J. S., and Wall, C.G., Petroleum Engineering— principles and practice, Graham & Trotman, MD, 1986.
– chapter 2
TextBook 3 Donohue, D.A.T., and Lang K.R., A First Course in Petroleum Technology, International Human Resources Development Corporation, Houston,1986
Clastic Conglomerate Sandsonte Siltstone Shale
Organic Peat Coal Diatomite Limestone
Other Chert
8
Reservoir Rock (Sedimentary Rock)
Reservoir Rock
Prorsity Permeability
heat
Magma (岩漿) Cool Igneous rocks (火成岩) erosion erosion
【油藏工程】1.03开发层系划分与组合
三、划分开发层系的意义
合理划分
1.有利于充分发挥各类油层的作用
高、低渗透率层合采,高渗层含水上升快,形成水窜,
而低渗层生产能量难以发挥;
高、低压层合采,低压层往往出油少,甚至形成层间
倒灌。
K1,h1 K2,h2
11
2.有利于发挥采油工艺的作用 目前分层注水、分层采油和分层控制技术还未达到很细的
高产率层作为单独一套层系开发的单位原油储量,可以比 低产率油层小一些。但是,必须保证获得的产油量有利可图。
19
4)不应把几个可采储量较大的油层合并为一套层系 应以产率和最终技术经济指标作为划分开发层系的厚度标
13
四、划分开发层系的原则
(1)特性相近的原则 沉积条件相近、渗透率相近、非均质程度相近、油层分布面 积相近、油砂体几何形态及分布状态相近; 同一开发层系内,油层的构造形态、油水边界、压力系统和 原油物性应比较接近。 以保证各油层对注水方式和井网具有共同的适应性,减少开 采过程中的层间矛盾。 (2)具有一定的储量 以保证油田满足一定的采油速度,并具有较长的稳产时间和 达到较好的经济指标。
第三节 开发层系划分与组合
内容提要
一、多油层非均质性特点 二、划分开发层系所需要考虑的因素 三、划分开发层系的意义 四、划分开发层系的原则 五.划分开发层系的一般方法
4
• 油层的非均质性是影响多油层开发部署和开发效果的最 重要的因素。
• 合理地划分与组合开发层系是从开发部署上解决多油层 油田垂向层间非均质性的基本措施。
9
(2)生产动态因素 每一油层的年采油量,每一油层的采油动态,组合成开发层
系后几个生产层的产能和开采动态,组合后开发层系的含水变 化,开发各阶段持续的时间,每一油层或组合为层系的合理采 油量等指标。 (3)技术工艺因素
石油英语优秀课件
石油英语优秀课件
Chapter Six Petroleum Production
Production may be considered as that section of the oil industry concerned with conveying(传送) hydrocarbons(烃) from the reservoir(油藏) to surface, and the separation(分离) of oil, gas, water, and solids to the extent necessary to provide a saleable primary product(初级产品) such as crude oil, NGL(natural gas liquids), and gas.
石油英语优秀课件
石油英语优秀课件
Reservoir Production Mechanisms(机理)
The production mechanisms which owe their existence to these sources of energy are referred to as “water drive” (水驱), “solution gas drive” (or “depletion drive”) (溶解气驱), and “gas cap drive”(气顶驱) respectively. The natural drainage of the oil through the reservoir rock under its own gravity(重力) provides a further production mechanism. A combination of drive mechanisms may operate in the same reservoir. Generally, however, one system will dominate(占支配地位) the others and the relative importance of these will change with time during the production of oil and for this reason it is convenient to consider each type of drive mechanism separately and care must be taken during the development of an oil field to use the reservoir drive pressures to their maximum extent(最大程度).
Reservoir Engineering(油藏工程英文课件7-8课)
Undersaturated Reservoirs
Undersaturated reservoirs are: (1)Either a depletion drive reservoir in its early stages of production (2) O Or water t d drive i reservoirs i with ith adequate d t pressure support to keep reservoir pressure above pb
Undersaturated Reservoirs
The MBE reduces to: where F =N N ª E 0 +Bti E f ,w º
¬ ¼
F N p Bo
Diagnostic plot
F E 0 +Bti E f vs t or N p
,w
Predictive plot
F vs E 0 +Bti E f
,w
Recovery Factors
Let’s assume water expansion and pore compression are negligible.
N p Bo N Bo Boi
The recovery factor is:
RF Np N B o B oi Bo
S o Swi
1
ª co S o cw Swi i cf º « » 'p (1 Swi ) ¬ ¼
Substituting the above relation into MBE yields:
Reservoir Engineering
Learning Objectives of Lecture 7a:
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Reservoir Engineering
Learning Objectives of Lecture 1:
Define/describe a reservoir Define Reservoir Engineering Describe/list role/functions of Res. Eng. State objectives of Res. Eng. Pet. Res. Hyrdrocarbon (HC) fluids Classification based on phase diagram Types/forms reservoir energies
How many reservoirs? What are the trapping mechanisms?
DEFINITIONs OF RESERVOIR ENGINEERING
Craft “The application of scientific principles to the drainage problems arising during the development and production of oil and gas reservoirs”.
the bubble point preCOVERY
Recovery (production): is the displacement of oil and gas towards the production wells and to the surface, and divided into:
rate) the oil recovery
Petroleum reservoir HC fluids
Oil Reservoirs - Produce mainly oil and gas and in some cases also water
- Heavy oil - Conventional oil
DEFINITIONs OF RESERVOIR ENGINEERING
Colhoun “The phase of engineering which deals with the transfer of fluids to, from or through the reservoirs”.
Functions OF RESERVOIR
– Primary recovery – Secondary recovery – Enhanced oil recovery
STAGES OF OIL RECOVERY
Primary Recovery Production is accomplished through the use of natural energy of the reservoir.
Reservoir Engineering
Branches of Petroleum Engineering: Drilling engineering Production engineering Reservoir engineering.
Definition of a Reservoir
A reservoir is that portion of a trap which contains oil and/or gas as a single hydraulically connected system. -it is a rock layer -porous so that stores oil -permeable so that allows flow of oil -has a mechanism to prevent escape of oil(trapping mechanism)
- Black oil - Volatile oil
Gas Reservoirs - Produce mainly gas and in some cases also water
- Dry gas - Wet gas Gas Condensate Reservoirs - Produce gas which contains hydrocarbon liquid
the movement of fluids through the reservoir so that
Objectives of reservoir engineering
we can a) enhance ( increase recovery factor)
and b) accelerate ( increase production
- Gas condensate
PHASE DIAGRAM OF RESERVOIR FLUIDS
Phase Diagram of Black Oil
Phase Diagram of Dry Gas
Phase Diagram of Wet Gas
Phase Diagram of Gas Condensate
CLASIFICATION OF OIL RESERVOIRS
Under Saturated Oil Reservoirs - Reservoir pressure is initially above
the bubble point pressure Saturated Oil Reservoirs - Reservoirs pressure is initially below
ENGINEERING
To continuously monitor the reservoir and collect relevant data and interpret it to be able to
1. Determine (present conditions)) 2. Estimate ( future conditions) and 3. Control