上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断(二模)英语试题

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上海市徐汇区2018年中考二模英语试卷(含详细答案)

上海市徐汇区2018年中考二模英语试卷Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片):（6分）B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (8分)7. A. White. B. Red. C. Blue. D. Grey.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.9. A. A dentist. B. A detective. C. A policeman. D. A fireman.10. A. Two yuan. B. Four yuan. C. Five yuan. D. Ten yuan.11. A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. D. By bike.12. A. Having a rest in the bedroom. B. Shopping in the supermarket.C. Visiting the museum.D. Having dinner in the restaurant.13. A. At the post office. B. At the airport.C. At the hotel.D. At the library.14. A. The school newspaper. B. The hard training for school reporters.C. Best wishes for the school trip.D. The school football team.C．Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示): (6分)15. Joana did some experiments on a plant called mimosa (含羞草) by herself.16. The result of the experiment was published in a magazine.17. The mimosas were planted in a 15-centermeter-high pot.18. The plants didn’t close their leaves at all after many tests.19. It seemed that the mimosa didn’t think the small drop harmful.20. The result of the experiment shows that plants have brains like people.D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences (听对话，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词): (10分)21. Mike and Linda will have a long walk on __________ __________.22. They will start the long walk from the __________ __________.23. During the walk, they can spend some time __________ __________ the church24. The long walk may be about __________ __________ including breaks.25. With the help of the signposts along the way, the couple will not __________ __________.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. abroadB. coatC. goalD. road27. American violinist Lindsey doesn’t play _______ violin in the traditional way.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place _______ February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A. inB. onC. ofD. from29. The law prevents businessmen _______ buying and selling ivory, tooth of the elephant.A. byB. ofC. againstD. from30. Please check _______ passport and air ticket before leaving home.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. yourself31. The community has plenty of _______ for the elderly to communicate with each other.A. roomB. classC. programD. game32. The world’s _______ glass floor bridge opened to the public in Shijiazhuang last year.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest33. In the concert, I loved the Little Star best because the kids sang so _______.A. lovelyB. friendlyC. kindlyD. sweetly34. There _______ a singing and dancing competition every month here.A. isB. hasC. will beD. will have35. –_______ does it take to get to the nearest supermarket?– About half an hour on foot.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How often36. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you _______.A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughed37. The text is available online so you _______ have a copy of it now.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t38. To complete the project in time, the staff of the company kept _______ day and night.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked39. _______ the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning, he didn’t give up.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. If40. Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has been builtD. will be built41. My brother was so careless that he forgot _______ his passport to the airport.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken42. Mr White _______ English in school for seven years since he first visited China.A. teachesB. taughtC. is teachingD. has taught43. Let’s keep quiet in the school library, _______?A. shall weB. can weC. will youD. do you44. – Would you mind turning on the radio a bit? I can’t hear it clearly.– _______.A. All rightB. That’s OKC. Thank youD. Not at all45. –_______.– I can’t agree more.A. Would you like some fish for dinner tonight?B. The lecture in the morning is so boring.C. Do you want to spend your weekend with us?D. I’ve decided to join in the tennis match next term.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。

上海市徐汇区2018届中考英语二模模拟试卷

上海市徐汇区2018届中考英语二模模拟卷Part 1Ⅱ（第一部分听力）略Part 2Ⅱ（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. abroadB. coatC. goalD. road2. American violinist Lindsey doesn’t play _______violin in the traditional way.A. aB. anC. theD. /3. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place ________February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A. inB. onC. ofD. from4. The law prevents businessmen ________ buying and selling ivory, tooth of the elephant.A. byB. ofC. againstD. from5. Please check ________ passport and air ticket before leaving home.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. yourself6. The community has plenty of _____________ for the elderly to communicate with each other.A. roomB. classC. programD. game7. The world’s _____________ glass floor bridge opened to the public in Shijiazhuang last year.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest8. In the concert, I loved the Little Star best because the kids sang so _____________.A. lovelyB. friendlyC. kindlyD. sweetly9. There ________a singing and dancing competition every month here.A. isB. hasC. will beD. will have10. —________does it take to get to the nearest supermarket?—About half an hour on foot.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How often11. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you _____________.A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughed12. The text is available online so you _____________ have a copy of it now.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t13. To complete the project in time, the staff of the company kept _______day and night.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked14. _____________ the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning, he didn’t give up.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. If15. Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has been builtD. will be built16. My brother was so careless that he forgot _______his passport to the airport.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken17. Mr. White ________English in school for seven years since he first visited China.A. teachesB. taughtC. is teachingD. has taught18. Let’s keep quiet in the school library, _______?A. shall weB. can weC. will youD. do you19.–Would you mind turning on the radio a bit? I can’t hear it cle arly--___________.A. All rightB. That’s OKC. Thank youD. Not at all20. -__________.-I can’t agree more.A. Would you like some fish for dinner tonight?B. The lecture in the morning is so boring.C. Do you want to spend your weekend with us?D. I’ve decided to join in the tennis match next term.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。

2018届上海市各区高三英语二模试题汇编：阅读理解A篇（带答案已经校对）

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822, and Caroline on September 1st,1848.Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axialrotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781, when on March 13th, he discovered the planet Uranus (天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax (恒星视差). This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of ―The King’s Astronomer‖ and ―Assistant to the King’s Astronomer‖, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to S lough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite s uccessful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线). In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by __________.A. discovering the planet UranusB. determining stellar parallaxC. discovering two moons of UranusD. uncovering the evidence for the infrared57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III __________.A. liked science and technologyB. liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC. was interested in astronomyD. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A. She was successful in music.B. She was titled ―The King’s Astronomer‖.C. She died later than her brother.D. She published two papers.59. This passage mainly tells readers .A. some information about Herschel and his sisterB. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD. Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publicationsKeys: 56-59: A B C ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty;in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there. I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world-and walk where no man has before.Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage ofdiscovery up his native river.This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally my thoughts comes to the idea of making a voyage of discovery.Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine,and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.56.What does the author think of the Pole?A.It reminds him of his childhood.B. It must be a region full of surprises.C. It would fulfil his dream to be an adventurer.D. It's too cold a destination with almost nothing.57. To realize his childhood dream, the author got _______.A. physically prepared by experiencing great sufferingB. spiritually prepared by gaining captain's recognitionC. academically prepared by reading books on explorationD. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship.58. According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of _______.A. curiosityB. fancyC. perseveranceD.prideKeys:56-58: CACSection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word ―thumbed‖ is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical bookKeys:56-59 CADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Warning from ExpertsA growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. ―This is a growing environmental problem,‖said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused on limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than tencentimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth. ―Of the 13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,‖ Johnson said. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, ―Space j unk is like any environmental problem,‖ Johnson admits. ―I t’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.‖56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove space junk.B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.C.It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. Reasonable.B. Unbelievable.C. Reliable.D. Impractical.Keys:56-58 CADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someoneand you think they are lying?Well, you are not alone. We’veall had that feeling. But did you know that there are severalthings you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be no ticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people wholie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are tellingthe truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar the question ―Did you steal Fatima’s bag?‖, they may answer with something like ―Fatima is my friend. Why would Ido that?‖ In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answeringthe question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convinceyou of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. Ifyou think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve boughtthe story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which initself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying.They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to usesome of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying ―Liars also use deflection‖, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Whichof the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsKeys:56-59 DADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氦)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate(累积) In a joint,, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs(鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly-and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted bodyB. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure57. The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4_____.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_______.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost itKeys: 56-59 ABCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr.Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate mealincluding his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.Keys: 56-59 BCDDSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)Last October, I was on a diving holid ay in the Philippines with with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat, slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine, and I felt deep, powerful vibrations(震动), as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef(礁石). The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushroomed up around us, Could it be an underwater bomb? A giant turtle raced past us and into the deep; they are normally slow movers, so this was very weird behaviour. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones, and the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I realized it was an earthquake. The noise was the sound of the Earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes; I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb(麻木的)for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever it's going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up,It was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looksbefore pulling out our breathing apparatus and shouting, "What was that?"Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at at the epicentre(震中). I was high and felt lucky surprisingly not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experience in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.Keys: 56-59 CCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those studentsbeing low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facingdifficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference.Michigan States has not only received useful。

英语_2018年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷(含答案)

2018年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷一.选择题1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation？（）A abr oa dB c oa tC g oa lD r oa d2. American violinist Lindsey doesn't play ________ violin in the traditional way.A aB anC theD /3. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place ______ February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A inB onC ofD from4. The law prevents businessmen ______ buying and selling ivory, tooth of the elephant.A byB ofC againstD from5. Please check ________ passport and air ticket before leaving home.A youB yourC yoursD yourself6. The community has plenty of ________ for the elderly to communicate with each other.A roomB classC programD game7. The world's ______ glass floor bridge opened to the public in Shijiazhuang last year.A longB longerC longestD the longest8. In the concert, I loved the Little Star best because the kids sang so _______.A lovelyB friendlyC kindlyD sweetly9. There ______ a singing and dancing competition every month here.A isB hasC will beD will have10. —________does it take to get to the nearest supermarket?—About half an hour on foot.A How farB How longC How soonD How often11. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you ______.A laughB laughingC to laughD laughed12. The text is available online so you ______ have a copy of it now.A can'tB shouldn'tC needn'tD mustn't13. To complete the project in time, the staff of the company kept ______ day and night.A workB workingC to workD worked14. ______ the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning, he didn't give up.A BeforeB AlthoughC UnlessD If15. Recently a new community library ______ and will be open to the public soon.A is builtB was builtC has been builtD will be built16. My brother was so careless that he forgot ______ his passport to the airport.A takeB takingC to takeD taken17. Mr. White ________ English in school for seven years since he first visited China.A teachesB taughtC is teachingD has taught18. Let's keep quiet in the school library, _______?A shall weB can weC will youD do you19. —Would you mind turning on the radio a bit? I can't hear it clearly.—______.A All rightB That's OKC Thank youD Not at all20. ﹣__________．﹣I can't agree more．（）A Would you like some fish for dinner tonight？B The lecture in the morning is so boring．C Do you want to spend your weekend with us？D I've decided to join in the tennis match next term．三. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次．）21.Shanghai Disney Resort released details of its new Toy Story Land just now． There will be three ride attractions． It will open in the summer 2018．It is a sign of the early success of Shanghai Disney Resort and shows the confidence the company has． It（1）_______ knows the growing need for themed entertainment in China．According to the resort， tourists will feel as if they have become（2）_______to the size of their favorite Toy Story characters． It enables them to join in on the laugher and fun．As new rides， Rex's Racer has a 30﹣ meter﹣tall U﹣shaped track． The ride will go（3）_______and backward at increasing heights and speed．Another ride is the Slink Dog Spin． The third ride， Woody's Round﹣Up， is made up of 11ponies， each one pulling a cart， in a farm． Other attractions （4）_______ the Meeting Post． There tourists can pose with cartoon character from the Toy Story movie series．22.The most popular TV program in the UK last year was a show called The Great British Bake Off． Each week，（1）_______ people take part in the competition． They are trying to make the best cakes and bread within a time limit． There are two judges， and each week they choose a "Star Baker" （ the best baker）． They also choose one person to leave the competition． At the end of ten weeks there is one winner．The program started in 2010， and nobody （2）_______ it to be so popular． People really enjoyed watching the baking and the good atmosphere on the show． The people in the show were very friendly to each other． This was very different from other TV show． Some people think the show is rather British， with a good sense of （3）_______ and friendly people． Audiences also enjoyed learning how to make different（4）_______of cakes ，biscuits and bread．This year there were some changes in the show and even some new judges， but the show is as popular as before．四. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词）（共8分）23. We wish every one of________ a bright future after graduation．（ we）24. Playing seek and hide is part of my________ memory．（ child）25. Many terrible traffic accidents happen because of________ driving．（care）26. The volunteers give food and clothes to the homeless in________ weather．（ freeze）27. More and more________ will see the royal wedding ceremony in the town．（ visit）28. We know that it is________ of students to cheat in exams．（ honest）29. It's better to________ fresh air outdoors after staying indoors for a long time．（ breath）30. Ann spoke the most________ of all the students in the school speech contest．（ accurate）五. Completer the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求完成下列句子． 62-67 小题每空格限填一词）：（共14分）31. Paddington Bear saw a pop﹣up book of London in a shop one day．（改为一般疑问句）________ Paddington Bear________ a pop﹣up book of London in a shop one day？32. Sherlock Holmes became popular ________（对划线部分提问）________ did Sherlock Holmes________ popular？33. The trip to the South Pole is amazing．（改为感叹句）________ amazing trip to the South Pole it is!34. The young man was too shy to express his ideas in front of the public．（保持句意基本相同）The young man wasn't________ to express his ideas in front of the public．35. Doctor Seuss wrote many popular children's books in the 20tℎ century．（改为被动语态）Many popular children's books________ by Doctor Seuss in the 20tℎ century．36. "Are you going to celebrate the opening of the shop？" the secretary asked．（改为宾语从句）The secretary asked________ they________ going to celebrate the opening of the shop．37. to foods， does harm to ， adding， our hearts， too much sugar or salt（连词成句）________六. Reading comprehension （阅读理解）：（共50 分）38. Choose the best answer （根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）Research suggests that at least 64% of people now spend up to four hours daily of spare time in front of a screen． Just as TV watching has been linked to higher chances of being fat and getting diseases, this extra ________ is bad news for our health．（1）_______． Choose outdoor activities over technologyWhen you're at home, make it a rule that you can't be online if the sun isshining． Instead, you have to go for a walk, ride a bike, swim or get some other kind of healthy, physical activity for at least an hour before you can pull out your phone or tablet, or take a seat at the computer． This rule should be fit for everyone in your family．（2）_______． Limit social media useSocial networks have changed computer and mobile use for people of all ages． Whetherit's Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or Snapchat． Limit the amount of time you spend on social media． Avoid aimless browsing（浏览） and give your time online a purpose research holidays or catch up on the news of the day． Then log off．（3）_______． Save time for readingChallenge yourself to read at least 30pages of a great book before you check your computer or mobile phone． Pick the right reading material and you'll soon find you've discovered an enjoyable pastime．（4）_______． Create projects for yourselfIt's amazing how much you can achieve when you're not glued to （长时间盯着） a screen． Do a list of one﹣hour evening projects． Some suggestions are organizing kitchen cupboards, cleaning your bedroom． Then try to do one each evening．（5）_______． The underlined word " sedentary time" probably means________．A． sitting for a long time with little movementB． staying up late with little sleepC． doing exercise with little waterD． working hard with little rest（1）． According to the rule， you'd better________ on sunny days．A watch TV at home．B do physical exercise outdoors．C make a long phone call．D play computer games．（2）． Before using the "technology"，________ is fun and helpful．A watching TV．B researching holidays．C reading at least 30pages of a great book．D cleaning your bedroom．（3）． Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？________A At least one﹣hour indoor exercise is necessary for everyone in the family．B Time should be limited for social media use and aimless browsing．C Social networks can be used on the computer or on the mobile phone．D One﹣hour evening can be used either on the computer or on the mobile phone．（4）． The article is mainly to tell the readers________．A different ways to stop using " technology " too long．B doing outdoor activities is better than enjoying ‘ technology'．C social media makes people's life more exciting．D creating projects is helpful for achieving success．（5）． You can probably find this article in the section of________．A Travelling．B Shopping．C Education．D Health．七. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文）39. The Chinese used the abacus as early as the 2nd century BC, but now are welcoming"machine brains"to educate the young in this modern age．For the young, e﹣learning seems so（1）_______． Zhu Xufei, 12, uses her parents' mobile phone to study English every day on her way to school and back home． Through an app, she can listen to and repeat back words and sentences in English． The app even tells the difference between her speech and proper pronunciation, and then （2）_______ provides the score．The mother of 12﹣year﹣old Zhu said, "The apps have enabled her to learn and practice spoken English anytime, anywhere, "she says．"The apps also have been designed to use games to encourage learning．"It's very popular nowadays, especially with parents． WeChat accounts of parents post progress reports every day on（3）_______ their children are doing． For example, "Day 30: My son Thomas has learned 99English words on Talking Pets．"It's not only children using mobile devices（设备）to learn new things． Many Metro or bus passengers can be seen with earplugs turned into app courses, like business management or the driving test．"I don't have to （4）_______ books around and turn pages on crowded buses, "an office lady says．"With just a touch of the screen on my smartphone, I can do practice tests whenever I have time． It also records my（5）_______ and makes it easier for me to review them．"E﹣learning has been welcomed among education services． Zheng Lili, owner of an English training school, says the learning apps help（6）_______ better monitor the performances of students．We believe that education should be‘whole﹣person'development and such devices are just support tools．（1）A strangeB difficultC naturalD horrible（2）A immediatelyB gentlyC nearlyD secretly（3）A whetherB whereC whyD how（4）A borrowB carryC returnD deliver（5）A mistakesB jobsC photosD interest（6）A bossesB neighboursC friendsD teachers八. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）40. QuestionDear Dale，My friend asked me to do something that's against the rules． I wanted to say no， but I was afraid that she would get mad at me， so I did it anyway． Now she wants me to do it （81）a________． How can I tell her no？White ShirtAnswerDear White Shirt，We never want to disappoint our friends， but we should never do things that we shouldn't do just to make others happy．Throughout your life， you will probably be asked to do things that you don't think you should do． It sound like you could have a problem saying no to people， but rather than be direct（直接的）， there are other ways to deal with this kind of （82）s________．Instead of simply saying "No"， try to give reasons for your （83）d________． For example，if a friend asked you to swim in the river but you don't want to， you could say， " I don't think that's wise． The water's very cold and there's （84）n________ around to help us if we get into danger．"It's wrong of your friend to risk getting you into trouble． If she were a （85）t________ friend， she wouldn't ask you to break the rules． If she asks you to do something you don't want to next time， just explain to her （86）w________ you don't want to do it． You should never do anything that you think is wrong．Perhaps you friend was just looking for a bit of excitement， but if she wants to break the rules， she shouldn't make you feel bad for not doing so．If you really want to keep the friendship， tell her that you don't want either of you to getinto trouble． You are not supposed to break the rules， for rules exist simply to keep us safe． And it's always better to be safe than （87）s________， as the saying goes． Hope I can help you out．Dale．九. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）：（共12分）41. When Jan and Brian Dutcher moved to San Diego for Brian's new job at San Diego State University， the neighbors smiled and introduced themselves． But there were no " bring a plate" invitations， no car pooling for her daughters Liza， 12and Erin， 15．"The family really didn't know each other， and we missed that，" says Jan． "We are far from relatives． Neighbors are our family．"So Jan， an artist， decided to repeat a project she had done for Liza's fifth﹣grade class：ask each person to paint his or her face on a big canvas（帆布）． The finished piece would become the new family photo．First ， Jan painted a grid（网格） on the canvas and put it up in the garage with a table of paints nearby． Then whenever she was home， the "art room" door was up ， with anopen invitation for neighbors to paint． The first to stop in were kids riding by． "They thought it was cool，" says Jan， but the adults weren't so keen． " Most said they hadn't picked up a paint brush since kindergarten，" she says． "They were afraid they'd mess it up．" But as word slowly spread， they came， some using their driver's license photos as models．Then something started to happen． They returned ﹣﹣﹣to see who had painted， or if they could recognize who was who． In Jan's garage， they began to chat about schools，jobs， and families． Almost daily． Wendy， who lived across the street and was seriously ill， came in her wheelchair to watch the fun． Neighbors began to offer their support．When the worst things happened and Wendy died， they stood by her husband， Bill and invited him over for dinners．This year has been different in the neighborhood． Families take turns hosting happy hours．"We ‘re watching over each other now just like in the painting．" says Jan．（88）． Why did the Dutchers move to San Diego？________（89）． Where did people paint， on a wall， a car or a canvas？________（90）． Who joined in the project first after a grid was done？________（91）． What did the adults in the neighborhood think of the project at first？________ （92）． With the project on and on， what happened in and out of the garage？________ （93）． How do you understand the underlined sentence"We're watching over each other now just like in the painting"？________十. Writing（作文）42. You are graduating from middle school soon． Your parents will give you a gift to celebrate the important time． Write a letter with at least 60words to your mum and dad． Tell what you want and how useful and important it is to you． The beginning part of the letter is given．你即将初中刚毕业，父母准备一份礼物给你庆祝这一重要时刻．写一篇至少60词的信给你的父母．告诉他们你想要什么礼物，它对你的重要性及用处．信的开头已给．（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分．标点符号不占格）2018年上海市徐汇区中考英语二模试卷答案1. A2. C3. D4. D5. B6. A7. C8. D9. A10. B11. A12. C13. B14. B15. C16. C17. D18. A19. D20. B21. B,E,A,D22. D,A,E,B23. us24. childhood25. careless26. freezing27. visitors28. dishonest29. breathe30. accurately31. Did,see32. through a series of short stories．,How,become33. What an34. outgoing enough35. were written36. if,were37. Addingtoomuchsugarorsalttofoodsdoesharmtoourhearts38. BCDAD39. CADBAD40. gain,ituation,ecisions,obody,rue,hy,orry41. BecauseBriangotanewjobatSanDiegoStateUniversity,On a canvas．,The kids riding by．,They thought it a bit hard for them,In the garage they began to chat about schools，jobs and families （their life）． Out of the garage they offered help and supported each other．,Since the painting is a family photo， the people in the painting are those neighborshelping each other and the community is like a big family．42. I am graduating from middle school soon． My parents will give me a gift to celebrate the important time． I want a wonderful trip．（想要的礼物）There is a saying "it is better to travel ten thousand miles than read ten thousand books"．【高分句型一】So I want to go out and see different things in the world，appreciate the scenery along the way and understand the beauty of the world． In the past，I only learned knowledge from books． Now I want to learn what we should know in practice．【高分句型二】I think it's helpful for me to grow up．（重要性）I remember the popular saying "the world is so big that I want to see it" on the Internet． So am I．（总结全文）。

【2018年】高三英语上海市第二次模拟试题及参考答案

英语2018年高三上海市第二次模拟试题英语考试时间：____分钟填空题（本大题共7小题，每小题____分，共____分。

）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On paper alone you would never guess that I grew up poor and hungry.These years my (21)____(recent) annual salary was over $700,000.I am a Truam National Security Fellow and a term member at the Council on Foreign Relations. My publisher has just released my latest book series on quantitative finance in worldwide distribution.(22) ____of it feels like enough.I feel(23)____I am wired(极度紧张的)for a permanent salary of fight or flight,waiting for the other shoe to drop, or the metaphorical week when I don’t eat.I’ve chosen not to have children, partly because(24)____any success-I still don’t feel I have a safety net.I have a huge minimum checking account balance in mind before I would ever consider having chidren If you knew me personally,you(25)____ get glimpses of stress,self-doubt,anxiety,and depression.In my childhood,I spent a lot of my time (26)____pondering basic questions. Where will my next meal come from?Will have electricity tomorrow?I (27)____(acquaint) with the embarrassment of my mom trying to hide our food stamps at the grocery store checkout.Iremember panic setting in as early as age 8,at the prospect of a perpetual uncertainty about everything in life, from food to clothes to education.I knew that the life I was living couldn’t be normal.I just wasn’t sure(28)____it was that wrong with the tiny microcosm I was borninto.As an adult I thought I’d figured that out.I’d always thought my upbringing had made me wary and cautious, in a “lessons learned”kind of way.Over the past dacades, though,that marrative(29) ____(evolve). We’ve learned that stresses（30）____（associate）with poverty have the potential to change our biology in ways we hadn’t imagined.It can reduce the surface area of your brain,shorten your telomeres and lifespan,increase your chances of obesity,and make you more likely to take outsized risks.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.magnetB.scheduledC.idealD.forwardE.touringF.envisionedG.architecture H.dramaticI.physical J.tentativelyK.headquartersDream Works Animation Bringing Broadway to ShanghaiDream Works Animation chief Jeffrey Katzenberg’s quest to build what he hopes will be China’s answer to New York’s Broadway has taken a big step____.Construction workers have begun work on the foundation of a 13-level tower that will be the new ____of Oriental Dream Works and linked to a large to a large,X-shaped IMAX cinema complex via a pathway____as an extended red carpet.The waterfront development is____to open in late 2017 on a choice parcel south of Shanghai’s historic Bund district.The Oriental Dream Works movie studio will have room for 500-plus animators,up from the company’s current 250 employees,and will be at the ____heart of the complex.Situated on the grounds of a shuttered cement factory, the complex will have five major live performance venues with 8,500 seats in total,including a 3.000-seat facility houses in a dome where cement was once mixed.In addition to hosting international touring productions of musicals and dramas,the Dream Center is visualized as a____for pop, rock and jazz concerts; sporting events such as mixed material arts and motorbike racing;fashion shows and awards ceremonies;and conferences,art fairs and____exhibitions.Planning is also underway for a Lego Discovery Center and an attraction____called the Kung Fu Panda Experience.The complex is designed by New York____film Kohn Pedersen Fox.Associates,which is behind the massive Hudson Yards redevelopment project on Manhattan’s West Side.The IMAX theater,meanwhile, will have eight to nine screens and presumably be the ____venue to host premiers of productions form Oriental DreamWorks----though it won’t be ready in time for the studio’s first effort,”Kung Fu Panda3”,scheduled for release in January.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin returned from the moon,their cargo included nearly fifty pounds of rock and soil,which were packed in an aluminum box with seals designed to maintain the ____surface’s low-pressure environment.But back at Johnson Spance Center,in Houston,scientists discovered that the seals had been____—by moon dust.Lunar dust is fine,like a powder,____it cuts like glass.It’s formed when meteoroids crash on the moon’s surface,heating rocks and dirt____them to fine particles.Since there’s no wind or water to smooth____edges,the tiny grains are sharp and sharp and jagged,and cling to nearly everything.“The invasive____of lunar dust represents a more challenging engineering design issue,as well as a____issure for settlers,than does radiation,”wrote Harrison(Jack) Schmitt,an Apollo 17 astronaut,in his 2006 book,”Return to the Moon.” The dust sullied spacesuits and ate away layers of moon boots.Over the____of six Apollo missions, not one rock box ____its vacuum seal. Dust followed the astronauts back into their ships,too.According to Schmit,it smelled like gunpowder,where particles are bound to the moon by gravity,but are so sparse that they____collide.In the nineteen-sixties,Surveyor probes filmed a glowing cloud floating just above the lunar surface during ter,Apollo 17 astronaut Gene Cernan,while orbiting the moon,recorded a ____phenomenon at the sharp line wherelunar day meets night,called the terminator.Cernan____a series of pictures illustrating the changing dustscape;streams of particles popped____the ground and levitatel,and the resulting cloud came into sharper focus as the astronauts’ orbiter approached daylight. ____there’s no wind to form and sustain the clouds,their origin is something of a mystery.It’s presumed that they’re made of dust,but no one fully understands how or why they do their thing.41. A.solar B.narC.dustyD.mysterious42. A.destroyed B.stainedC.changedD.redesigned43. A.because B.howeverC.butD.so44. A.adapting B.reducingC.tailoringD.shaping45. A.soft B.hardC.roughD.flat46. A.nature B.speedC.degreeD.troops47. A.intelligence B.healthC.fundD.future48. A.moment B.situationC.courseD.program49. A.installed B.lostC.foundD.maintained50. A.coats B.affectsC.protectsD.crusts51. A.frequently B.violentlyC.gentlyD.rarely52. A.strange B.similarmonD.different53. A.sketched B.describedC.receivedD.copied54. A.out B.inC.offD.down55. A.Although B.WhereverC.UnlessD.SinceSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Thewriter’s festival is more than an event celebrating authors,it also celebratesthe power of literature and the power of you,the reader.B.Storieshave been around since time began.C.But heargued sexual pleasure is too fleeting and betrayal too common,and while friendship was better italways ended with death.D.A 2013study found reading literary fiction can help you become more empathetic.E.It isno coincidence that Apollo was the god of medicine as well as poetry.F.They remind us of the university and timelessness ofemotions,helping us better understand our own.The understanding that literature can comfort,console and heal has been around since the second millennium Bc,____.As a bibliotherapist,I’m internsted in the therapeutic value stories have to offer us,particularly during times of stress.Here the intent around reading is different;the value of the story lies solely in our emotional response to it.One of the greatest arguments for using literature as therapy was posited by the Renaissance essayist Michel de Montaigne,who believed there were three possible cures for loneliness:have a lover,have friends and readbooks.____.Therefore,the only therapy that could endure through life was the companionship of literature.Why were the ancient Greeks and Romans right to suppose literature heals the soul?Why did Montaigne trust we could endure loneliness through a lifelong relationship with books?Why,despites all the distractions of modern life,do booksstill get published and writers’festival events get sold out?The answer lies in the power of stories.____.They tell us what it is to be human,give us a context for the past and aninsight towards the future.A narrator’s voice replaces our stressed,internal monologue and takes us out of our life and into the world of a story.Paradoxically,we think we are escaping ourselver but the best stories take us back deeper into our interior worlds.Freud,who believed the “reading cure” came before the “talding cure”,once wrote that wherever he want he discovered a poet had been there before.It is difficult to access emotional language and this is why we have writes,____What stories have shaped you?It’s a question reflecting on,as this shaping is often subconscious.The act of making it conscious will allow your future reading to perhaps have a different intent;you will be “reading” your life from now on,allowing you to live it more fully and better understand it.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learn from mistakesThe best way to learn something is to make mistakes first.Thomas Edison.who invented the light bulb,told his colleagues:”Of the 200 light bulbs that didn’t work,every failure told me something I was able to incorporate into the next attempt.” Benjamin Franklin, the US statesman and statesman and scientist once said:”I haven’t failed.I have had 10,000 ideas that didn’t work.”Both these people understood that failures and false starts are the condition of success.In fact, a surprising number of everyday bojects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding.Post0-it-notes,packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions.In 2600 BC, a tired Egyptian slave invented bread when the dough rose during his sleep.And crisps were first cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were not thin enough.In 1958 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong adhesive when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead.His colleague,Art Fry,decided to use it six years later,in 1974,to hold his bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was invented.Successful businesspeople have often made big,expensive mistakes in their past.When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000,Thomos Watson,the chairman,was asked if he would fire the man.”Of course not,”he replied.”I have just spent $600,000 training him.I am not going to let another company benefit from experience.”The important thing to remember is that you need to learn fromr your mistakes.If you don’t,then there is no sense in making them.”I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你怎么能指望在合作的过程中依靠一个言而无信的人？(expect)73.只有在自然灾害发生的时候，人们才会真正了解到大自然的威力。

2018学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语(附答案)

2018学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with the given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)As you get older, if feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines(25)_____we age and that makes time move quickly.We percieve time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the(26)________(likely)you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by(or, more acccurately, if feels as if time is going by) more quickly, the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as(27)_____years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we(28)______(accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember(29)_____happened to you every day last week, chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday,etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will encourage us to try out new experiences, point out things we’ve never done, recommend dishes we’ve never tasted and suggest places we’ve never been. Such an app(30)_____make our lives mo re varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31)_____such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It’s not too difficult to push(32)_______to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Daniel Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences(哀悼) on behalf of the nation, and made it clear he will have every single resource that he needs (33)_________( investigate) this horrible crime, care for the victims and their families.(34)__________ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years, each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would---- as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there’s not a parent in America who doesn’t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those (35)__________ died today were children—beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them—birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36)___________(fall) were also teachers—men and women who devoted their lives to (37)__________（help）our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today—for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who（38）__________(lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children’s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) __________ it’s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago—these neighborhoods are our neighborhoods, and these children are our children. And we’re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40)_____________ this, regardless of the politics.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A second experiment (46) these findings, showing that (47) movements don't produce a more enjoyable eating experience. The data also (48) that a longer delay between ritual and consumption bolstered these effects, even with a neutral food like carrots.While these rituals may seem small or mundane, the researchers note that the effects they produce are quite tangible. And while rituals are (49) before mealtimes, they could play a role in other(50) , too.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An examination is a very important part of life, whic h is used to test a person’s ability. But as you know many of us has(51)____ and are afraid of it. Though they know that exams are there for their benefit, they still have a lot of fear for it. It is very often we find such people. You will find such people a little anxious and a little stressed about their exams. Many a time such nerves can be (52)____ and useful to you, for others it’s never wrocking.To overcome these nerves we got some tips for you. Don’t get too excited about the exams and for that don’t drink too much of the coffee or tea to cope up with the exam(53) _____. Eat a healthy and proper diet and don’t worry about the exams while eating. Stress can be harmful to you(54) _____ sometimes. It can cause a lot of problems in your body, which can be increased heartbeat and breath, sweating palms, nervous attitude, stressed about exams, etc...Before moving to the examination hall you prepare thoroughly about the exams. For that firstly make a list of what is to be studied and then make an overlook for that. Now divide each subject into some easy sub-classes. Go through some(55) _____ question papers and study your earlier mistakes made in it. Make a perfect schedule for your study. Overlook the(56) _____ used for answering the questions I mean their pattern and style of writing. Solve few more question papers and study to achieve a proper time(57)_____. Take some quick breaks in your study time so that you can(58) _____ an interest in your study.Now while taking the exams just relax, con trol your breath and believe in yourself. Don’t panic and he optimistic. Try to reduce your stress and be happy. Don’t(59) _____ at least an hour before the exams, just get yourself calmed down. Keep you focus on the paper and tell yourself that you are(60) _____ prepared. For exams each before the time and try to(61)_____ in the surroundings. Don’t listen to any of the exam rumours before exams. If you still can’t control your exam stress then go for some meditation or hypnosis( 冥想或催眠）。

2018上海高考英语二模-翻译部分完整版.doc

1.我对这场比赛的结果抱乐观态度。

（optimistic）I am optimistic about the result of the game.2.许多人把迟到看作是一个小问题，其实不然。

（think）Many people think of being late as a small problem, but in fact it’s not.3.无人驾驶技术解决了人们的困惑，使开车打电话成为可能。

（…it…）Driverless tenology solves people’s confusion and makes it possible to make a phone call while driving.4.人生中最可怕的不是你即使努力仍一事无成，而是碌碌无为却以平凡可贵安慰自己。

（…not…but…）The most horrible thing that can happen in your life is not that you achieve nothing even though you try, but that you give up and tell yourself it is precious to be just ordinary.1.他在会议上提出的建议值得三思。

（worth）The suggestion he put forward at the meeting is worth giving a second thinking.2.法律和政策应该适应我们社会不断发展的需求。

（adapt）Laws and policies should adapt to the developing needs of our society.3.绝不能任由困难打倒你，因为你永远不知道你离成功有多近。

（account）On no account can you let any difficulties beat you，for you can never tell how close you may be to the success.4.父母竭力庇护孩子免受问题的困扰，甚至代替他们做重要的决定，这将不利于孩子的健康成长。

2018年上海市徐汇区高考英语二模试卷

2018年上海市徐汇区高考英语二模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．(★)A． Worried and frightened．B． Relaxed and happy．C． Quite embarrassed．D． Deeply ashamed．2．(★)A． Bill has never used a calculator．B． Bill can work better without a calculator．C． Bill is working with a calculator．D． Bill needs a calculator for this work．3．(★)A． To cut his jeans short．B． To go on a diet．C． To wear fitted clothes．D． To buy a pair of jeans．4．(★★★★★)系统找不到该试题5．(★)A． Put her report on his desk．B． Read some papers he recommended．C． Mail her report to the publisher．D． Improve some parts of her paper．6．(★★)A． Make some coffee．B． Meet the woman at the library．C． Continue to read．D． Go out with some friends．7．(★★)A． The man should buy a different meal ticket every month．B． Buying the meal ticket won't save the man any money．C． It is better for the man to pay for each meal separately．D． The price of a meal may vary from month to month．8．(★★)A． She's upset that she missed the television program．B． She doesn't think the television program was funny．C． She doesn't like talking about television programs．D． She watched the television program at a friend's house．9．(★★)A． He doubts the woman's words．B． He hasn't read the novel yet．C． He enjoyed reading the novel a lot．D． He is not interested in the novel at all．10．(★★★)A． The talks haven't started yet．B． They have come to a general agreement．C． The talks haven't achieved much．D． The talks broke down and went no further．11．(★★★)（1）A． They learn singing and dancing．B． They attend outdoor music festivals．C． They work on the farm for charity．D． They volunteer to work for others．（2）A． On the beach．B． In a park．C． On a farm．D． In a stadium．（3）A． It is run on a profit-making basis．B． It has achieved growing success．C． Fans can have free lunch there．D． Only superstars are invited to perform．12．(★★★)（1）A． The number of refugees is increasing sharply．B． Most refugees cannot get necessary services．C． Many refugee children cannot receive education．D． More children cannot afford to go to university．（2）A． No host nations want to change education systems．B． It is impossible to find so many extra teachers．C． Parents can't afford to send their kids to school．D． The refugee population grows but there's not enough money．（3）A． The necessity of education．B． The prohibition of child labor．C． The victims of armed conflicts．D． The living conditions of the poor．13．(★★★)（1）A． It has started a week-long promotion campaign．B． It has just launched its annual anniversary sales．C． It offers regular weekend sales all the year round．D． It specializes in the sale of men's suits．（2）A． Price reductions for its frequent customers．B． Gift cards for customers with any purchases．C． Free delivery of purchases for senior customers．D． Price adjustments within seven days of purchase．（3）A． Mail a gift card to her．B． Allow her to buy on credit．C． Credit it to her account．D． Give her cash directly．（4）A． It has already been sold out．B． It will be sent to the woman by mail．C． It is not available for the moment．D． It is one of the items on sale．Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★)Traveling Frog Stimulates ReflectionA free mobile game about a traveling frog has become a hit in China，（1）being available only in Japanese．Called "Tabikaeru： Travel Frog"， the main character of the game is a frog that goes on adventures around Japan． Players collect clovers（四叶草） that grow inthe frog's garden （2） they can use them to buy supplies for the frog's journeys． In turn， the frog sends players souvenirs and snapshots from its travels． Users cannot control when the frog chooses to go on its adventures．While news of the game's appeal among mobile phone users on the mainland was first reported on by local media outlets last week， its popularity hasn't decreased in any way since： "Travel Frog" on Monday was still ranked first on a list of themost （3）（download） games from Apple's app store in China． It is being widely discussed on social media，（4） users post photos of their frogs' adventures．Behind the craze is Japanese game developer Hit-Point， which was previously best-known for creating the popular cat-collecting game "Neko Atsume"． Even though （5）is difficult to pinpoint what has driven interest among mainland users in "Travel Frog"， local media outlets reported that the game's slow nature was part of its charm．The game was popular as it "tapped the trend among younger generations in China to search out ‘Zen-like' activities"， China Daily said，（6）（add） that those users were taken with its "Buddha-style gameplay"．But not everyone is thrilled about "Travel Frog"． In a post on social media platform Weibo last week， the state-run People's Daily suggested that people （7）aim to enrich themselves and "avoid being a lonely frog-raising youth"．As an indication of the popularity of the "Travel Frog"， Apple has already had to remove from its store an app that appeared to be the Chinese version of the original， the South China Morning Post reported． That version of the game，which （8）（create） by a developer called Song Yang， charged users 30 yuan（﹩4.74）to download the game． On Monday， another free-to-download app available on the app store claimed it offered strategies and guides in Chinese that players could adopt （9）（improve） gameplay．While Hit-Point has not responded to inquiries about （10） it intends to develop versions of the game in other languages or not， the company did put out anEnglish update for "Neko Atsume" in 2015．SectionB Directions：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notet hatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.15．(★★) Before science became professionalized in the 19th century，（1）naturalists were collecting information and helping us understand the natural world． A 2009 study found that nearly 50% of UK （2） feed wild birds． The National Trust has more than 5 million members， and 60，000 active volunteers helping to protect the countryside as well as historic （3）． Now， with our environment arguably under greater threat than ever and species declining at a （n）（4） rate， volunteers are once again at the forefront of efforts to limit the damage．Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes． On the Isle of Man， more than 8，000 people （nearly 10% of the population） are involved in regular weekend beach cleans． At one recent event， 123 volunteers turned up and removed 183 bags of litter in just a couple of hours． Thanks to（5） such as this， the island status with the Galápagos， Yellowstone in the US， Uluru in Australia， and hundreds of other sites．Recreational divers are making a real difference underwater too． They monitor the spread of （6） species， and record how native species respond． Divers also （7） levels of marine litter and other human impacts． Volunteer divers have played an important role in collecting information about marine conservation zones． Volunteers have also made a vital contribution to the conservation of basking sharks． The work of a citizen science Basking Shark Project in the 1980s and 90s was （8） in getting these sharks on the protected species list in the UK， while satellite tagging （9） the first recorded transatlantic crossing by a basking shark．Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes． No one can know better， or care more about， our most special places than the people who live in them and give up their free time to look after them． As a group of divers and （10） residents who lived on the shores of the bay， they took their campaign on to national and international stages and continue to inspire people who might otherwise feel powerless when faced with threats to the places that matter to them．ReadingComprehension SectionA Directions：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16．(★★★)Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic．（1） regular practice might include mindless repetitions， deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving （2）．The greatest （3） of deliberate practice is to remain focused． In the beginning， showing up is the most important thing． But after a while we begin to carelessly （4） small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement． This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to （5）repeated behaviors into automatic habits．（6）， when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process． Today，after many repetitions， your brain can perform this sequence （7）． The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes．Mindless activity is the（8） of deliberate practice． The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes（9）． Too often， we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience． In （10）， we are merely reinforcing（加强） our current habits - not improving them．Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough． But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world？The first effective feedback system is （11）． This holds true for the number of pages we read， the number of pushups we do， the number of sales calls we make， and any other task that is important to us． It is only through measurement that we have any （12） of whether we are getting better or worse．The second effective feedback system is coaching． One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for （13）deliberate practice． In many cases， it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time． Good coaches can track your progress， find small ways to improve， and hold you（14） to delivering your best effort each day．Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity． It requires sustainedeffort and concentration， but if you can manage to maintain your focus and （15）， then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempting： to get the most out of what you've got．（1）A． Since B． Whether C． While D． As（2）A． awareness B． performance C． enjoyment D． intelligence（3）A． equivalent B． ambition C． challenge D． appeal（4）A． overlook B． insert C． detect D． implement（5）A． transport B． translate C． transplant D． transform（6）A． For example B． On the contrary C． As a result D． On the other hand（7）A． carelessly B． accurately C． instantly D． automatically （8）A． outcome B． enemy C． source D． substitute（9）A． distracted B． imposed C． assumed D． noted（10）A． reality B． despair C． contrast D． return（11）A． encouragementB． compliment C． measurement D． management（12）A． motivation B． proof C． trouble D． concern（13）A． resisting B． eliminating C． defining D． sustaining（14）A． accountableB． opposed C． addicted D． parallel（15）A． existence B． commitment C． dignity D． perspective SectionB Directions：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinisheds tatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejus tread.17．(★★)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someone and you think they are lying？ Well， you are not alone． We've all had that feeling． But did you know that there are several things you can look for to see if you are beinglied to？Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body． When people are lying they tend not to move their arms， hands or legs very far from their body． They don't want to take up very much space because they don't want to be noticed． Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes． Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the truth．Liars also use deflection． For example， if you ask a liar the question "Did you steal Fatima's bag？"， they may answer with something like "Fatima is myfriend． Why would I do that？" In this situation the person is telling the truth，but they are also not answering the question． They are trying to deflect your attention． Liars may also give too many details． They may try to over-explain things． They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying．Often when a person is lying， they do not want to continue talking about their lie． If you think someone is lying， quickly change the subject． If the person islying， they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer． A little later， change the subject back to what you were talking about before． If the person seems uncomfortable again， they may be lying．It's very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you． He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven； silence gives no feedback on whether or not you've bought the story． If you're a good listener， you'll already be avoiding interruptions， which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold．Just because a person is showing these behaviors， it does not mean they are lying． They might be shy or nervous． But， if you think someone is lying， you might want to use some of these techniques． Hopefully， you won't need to very often．（1）By saying "Liars also use deflection"， the writer means that liarsmay ．A． tell great storiesB． change tone of voiceC． ask a question in replyD． avoid direct answers（2）According to the passage， a person could be lying if he or she ．A． offers more information than necessaryB． appears to be shy or nervousC． changes the subject of the conversationD． speaks very fast and vaguely（3）Which of the following can be learned from the passage？A． Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies．B． We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation．C． Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking．D． We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation．（4）The passage mainly talks about ．A． who deceives usB． why people tell liesC． how to detect liesD． what to do with liars18．(★★★) （1）What is discussed in the first letter？A． How to ask questions in a polite way．B． How to respond to a false charge．C． How to make a correction at work．D． How to handle rude mass emails at work．（2）According to Greg， expressing your dissatisfaction with your present job in an interview would be the same as ．A． talking about your family issues in publicB． complaining about your prior partner on a first dateC． demonstrating your qualifications to your new bossD． bragging about your experience to your partner（3）It can be inferred that "go to greg" mainly offers advice on people's ．A． career choicesB． social relationshipsC． working problemsD． health problems19．(★★)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the﹩265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published． No follow-up investigations to replicate（复制） or expand on a discovery． No one uses the findings to build new technologies．The problem is not just what happens after publication - scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them． Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firmconclusions． Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans． Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions． The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for， as one might guess， more research on research - attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are， in fact， valid．It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem． We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient． These may include collaborative team science， study registration， stronger study designs and statistical tools， and better peer review， along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments， therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies．Reproducing other scientists' analyses or replicating their results has too oftenin the past been looked down on with a kind of "me-too" derision（嘲笑） that would waste resources - but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful． Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun the analyses that went into the original experiments． Searching for such information can be extremely difficult． Investigators die， move and change jobs； computers crash； online links malfunction． Data are sometimes lost - even， as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious（伪造的） results， eaten by termites（白蚁）．There has definitely been some recent progress． An increasing number of journals，including Nature and Science， have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access todata． Several funding agencies， meanwhile， have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant．But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change． Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just gettingstatistically significant （"positive"） but nonreplicable results． Revising the present incentive（激励） structure may require changes on the part of journals，funders， universities and other research institutions．（1）What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet？A． Great achievements in medical research failed to get published．B． Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research．C． Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication．D． Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind．（2）Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2？A． A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund．B． A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor's advice．C． A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population．D． A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data．（3）Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？A． Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only．B． Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid．C． Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile．D． Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings．（4）The purpose of this article is to ．A． argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB． explain the result of a recent scientific studyC． introduce some recent progress in medical researchD． highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection C Directions： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with aproper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．(★★) People discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they'll gain some insight into how to solve them． And even if they don't find a way to solve their problems， it feels good to let off some steam．（1） How problems are discussed， though， can be the difference between halving a problemor doubling it．The term psychologists use for negative problem sharing is "co-rumination"． Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going overthe same problems， anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings．（2） In a study involving children aged seven to 15years of age，researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associated with "high-quality" and close friendships． However， in girls， it was also associated with anxiety and depression （the same association was not found with theboys）． And studies suggest that co-rumination isn't just a problem for girls． Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress， one study suggests．（3） In a group of adults， the effects of co-rumination was compared between face-to-face contact， telephone contact， texting and social media． The positive effects of co-rumination were found in face-to-face contact， telephone contact and texting， but not in social media． The negative aspects of co-rumination （anxiety） was found in face-to-face communication and telephone contact， but not texting or social media． Verbal forms of communication seem to enhance both the positive and negative aspects of co-rumination more than non-verbal communication．Discussing problems with friends doesn't always have to lead to worsening mental health， as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions． Then， relationships can be positive andSummary Writing21．(★★★)Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．A Workaholic EconomyAlthough the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945， leisure seems reserved largely for the unemployed and underemployed． Those who work full-time spend as much time on the job as they did at the end of World War Ⅱ． In fact，working hours have increased noticeably since 1970． Bookstores now abound with manuals describing how to manage time and cope with stress．There are mainly two reasons for lost leisure．Since 1970， companies have responded to improvements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiring extra personnel． Some firms are even downsizing as their profits climb． A host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and， at the same time， compels workers to spend more time on the job． Most of those incentives（诱因） involve the structure ofcompensation（报酬）． The way salaries and benefits are organized makes it more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra hour each than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job． Once people are on salary， their cost to afirm is the same whether they spend 35 hours a week in the office or 70． Therefore，it is more profitable for employers to work their existing employees harder．For all that employees complain about long hours， they， too， have reasons not to trade money for leisure． "People who work reduced hours pay a huge penalty in career terms，" Bailyn of Massachusetts Institute of Technology maintains． "It's taken as a negative signal about their commitment to the firm．" He adds that many corporate managers find it difficult to measure the contribution of their employees to a firm's well-being， so they estimate staff productivity in terms of hours worked． Employees know this， and they adjust their behavior accordingly．Translation Directions： Translate the following sentences into English， usingthe words given in the brackets.22．(★★★)这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会．（provide）23．(★★★)缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一．（face）24．(★★★★★)只有充分利用有限的时间，才能适应快节奏的现代生活．（Only）25．(★★★★)毫无疑问，无人驾驶汽车在批量生产和大范围商用之前还有不少问题需要解决．（remain）Guided Writing26．(★★★)Directions： Write an English composition in 120-150 words accordingto the instructions given below in Chinese．成长道路上难免遇到来自同伴的压力（peer pressure）．同伴压力可能给我们带来积极或消极的影响．请结合自己生活中的一个具体事例，谈谈你的体会．注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称．。

2018届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题试题汇编--中英翻译--学生版

One【2018届上海市虹口区高三英语二模试题】V. TranslationDirections:T ranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.应该采取措施阻止新病毒的蔓延。

(stop)73.在澳大利亚期间，他养成了每天和父母视频通话的习惯。

(habit)74.与成年人相比，年轻人更容易犯错误是因为他们不够成熟，缺少经验。

(likely)75.近年来，电子白板系统应高效灵活地运用于课堂教学的想法已被广泛接受，难道不是吗?(idea)Two【2018届上海市黄浦区高三英语二模试题】V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.他一直提醒自己不要对他人太苛刻。

(hard)73.正如歌中所唱，没有人可以随随便便成功。

(reason)74.在业余时间，汤姆通过替在外出差的人遛狗来赚取零用钱。

(spend)75.这家以牛排为特色的饭店很受欢迎，你至少要提前两周订座。

(feature)Three【2018届上海市浦东新区高三英语二模试题】V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets)72.我们常常忍不住秒回刚收到的信息。

(can’t help73.当地政府不打算把音乐厅拆了，而是重新修复一下。

(instead of)74.学生在英语写作中词不达意的现象值得每位英语教师关注。

(worth)75.这部关于四代学生追寻爱情、志趣和梦想的电影如此感人，老老少少都想一睹为快。

上海市徐汇区2018届中考英语二模模拟试卷

A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
6. The community has plenty of _____________ for the elderly to communicate with each other.
A. room B. class C. program D. game
ride attractions. It will open in the summer 2018.
It is a sign of the early success of Shanghai Disney Resort and shows the confidence the company
has. It_____21_____ knows the growing need for themed entertainment in China.
。。。。。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯
上海市徐汇区 2018 届中考英语二模模拟卷
Part 1
Ⅱ（第一部分略
听力）
Part 2
Ⅱ（第二部分语音、语法和词汇） 1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?
D. I ’ve decided to join in the tennis match next term.
’t give up.
2
III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase

2018年上海徐汇区中考二模试卷英语

2018年上海徐汇区中考二模试卷英语Part 1 Listening（第一部分听力）（略）Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and V ocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）ⅡChoose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（共20分）26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. abroadB. coatC. goalD. road解析：句意：下列哪一个划线部分在发音上是不同的？A. abroad的发音是[ə'brɔ:d]；B. coat 的发音是[kəʊt]；C. goal的发音是[gəʊl]；D. road的发音是是[rəʊd]。

B、C、D 中“oa”的发音是[əʊ]，A选项“oa”的发音是[ɔ:]，故答案选A。

答案：A27. American violinist Lindsey doesn’t play ________ violin in the traditional way.A. aB. anC. theD. /解析：句意：美国小提琴家林赛不以传统的方式演奏小提琴。

本题考查演奏乐器短语的用法。

演奏乐器用动词play，表示演奏某种乐器时乐器前面必须加定冠词the，“演奏小提琴”play the violin，故答案选C。

答案：C28. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place ________February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A. inB. onC. ofD. from解析：句意：2018年冬季奥运会于2月9日至25日在韩国举行。

本题考查介词。

in在某一年、某一月；on在某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上；of…的；from从…，一般用于结构from…to…中，意思是“从…到…”。

2018徐汇高三英语二模答案

2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语答案I. Listening Comprehension（每小题1分）1-10 ADBBD CBACC（每小题1.5分）11-13 BCB 14-16 CDA 17-20 BDCDII . Grammar and Vocabulary（每小题1分）21. despite 22. so that 23. downloaded 24. where 25. it26. adding 27. should 28. was created 29. to improve 30.whether31-40 JGBAK DHFCIIII. Reading Comprehension（每小题1分）41-55 CBCAD ADBCA CBDAB（每小题2分）56-59 DADC 60-62 DBC 63-66 CCBD 67-70 DAFBIV. Summary参考答案（仅供阅卷老师参考）People actually work more hours than before despite the increased productivity. On one hand, it’s because the payment distribution system makes it economical for companies to have employees work overtime than hiring more people. On the other hand, employees tend to work long hours because their working time is linked to their contribution to the firm. (56 words)V. Translation （15分）1. The Spring outing provided students with an opportunity for relaxation.1 1 12. Reducing the gap between rich and poor/ is one of the main challenges facing the government.1 1 13. Only by making full use of the limited time can we adapt to/fit in the fast-paced modern life.0.5 1 0.5 1 14. Without doubt, a number of problems remain to be solved before the mass production and1 1 1large-scale commercial application of self-driving vehicles.1 1Writing：（上中21分范文）范文（一）Peer pressure is inevitable in our life path. When an exam is over and everyone gets his grades, we feel it; When hearing one of our friends is admitted to a prestigious university in advance, we feel it; When parents compare us with those straight-A students, we feel it; We’re surrounded by peers and feel their pressure everywhere, Therefore, how to deal with it constantly remains a problem for us teenagers.When I attended a summer camp last summer holiday, I met students of the same age as me from all across China. During our communication, I surprisingly found that they were extremely good at subjects like math and physics, they had a good command of advanced skills such ascalculus, in which I didn’t have the slightest clue. This gave me a sense of inferiority and make the camp a really hard time for me. However, after I returned home, I adjusted my mood and transformed pressure into motivation. I made great efforts to learn those skills on my own, and now I dare say I’m a little more knowledgeable.My experience could serve as a vivid demonstration of peer pressure which is a double-edged sword. There is no doubt that peer pressure could become too heavy a burden, making us feel distressed, unconfident and inferior to others, stopping us from moving on with our heads up high. However, peers can also set an example for us, from which we become aware that some parts in us still leave much to be desired. Moreover, peer pressure stimulates our innate eagerness to compete and win. This enthusiasm for being better than others constantly motivates us to improve ourselves.Indeed, to handle peer pressure properly in no easy task. But what other choice do we have but to face up to it with confidence instead of anxiety, and make the best use of it? (9+9+3) (315 words)范文（二）Friendship is such a weird stuff that we are always unconscious, or rather inevitably, regarding our best buddies as our most challenging rivals. We all endure peer pressure from time to time and the case of me and my friend Ramsey may well be a case in point.Ramsey was a top student who got straight-A, leader of our class’s debate team and basketball team, a guitar genius, an enthusiastic volunteer and so forth. He did everything perfectly as if it were a piece of cake. Overshadowed by his perfection, I made up my mind that I must catch up with him. I took advantage of every little bit of time to review my lessons and stayed up late at night to do extra exercise papers. Besides, I even tried to take up guitar and basketball, whereas I’m rather poor at both. It was obvious that I pushed myself beyond my c apacities and hence it wasn’t long before I realized that I had messed everything up. Disappointed and frustrated, I gave up my ambition and to my surprise, I become fairly satisfied as I lived as myself.What the bitter experience has taught me is that one should never take peer pressure too seriously. Friends serve as good examples, yes, but it is no use trying to fit yourself into his pattern of success. More often than not, we are cheated by peer pressure into imitating everything our friends do and end up achieving nothing, only to lose ourselves. That surely isn’t what friendship is meat to bring.As long as we keep friends, peer pressure is bound to be a burden. Nevertheless, in our never-ending struggle towards a better self, let’s bear in mind that we should stick to our own path and pattern. Never let peer pressure freak out of yourself. (9+9+3) (315 words)2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语听力文字I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: Weren’t you nervous when the professor called on you in class?M: I’d say I was shaking all over.Q: How did the man feel when he was called on?2. W: Bill, have you finished this work?M: No, I can’t do this without a calculator.Q: What does Bill mean?3. M: I’m having trouble fitting into my jeans. Looks like I’ll have to get some new ones.W: Oh, maybe you should just cut down on what you eat.Q: What does the woman imply the man should do?4. M: Let me see. I’ve printed my name, date of birth and address. Anything else?W: No, that’s all right. We’ll fill in the rest of it if you just sign your name at the bottom.Q: What has the man been doing?5. W: Have you finished reading my research report? I put it on your desk last week.M: Yes, but you have to revise some parts of it, if you want to get it published.Q: What does the man suggest that the woman should do?6. W: Hey, Brian. Wanna meet us for coffee in a little while?M: Hmm. I would if I weren’t so far behind in this reading I’m doing for history.Q: What will the man probably do?7. M: Would it be better to buy a monthly meal ticket, or pay for each meal separately?W: What difference does it make, since the price per meal is the same either way?Q: What does the woman mean?8. M: Did you watch that comedy special on TV last night? I don’t think I ever laughed so hard.W: Don’t even talk to me about it. The only night I really wanted to watch something and we had a power failure in my building.Q: What does the woman mean?9. W: I hope you like the novel I lent you. I wasn’t sure whether it was the kind of book youwould be interested in.M: You know, I had the same doubt at first. But once I started, I simply couldn’t put it down.Q: What does the man mean?10. W: How are their talks going on? Have they reached any agreement?M: They only seemed to have agreed to set another date for further talks.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.What’s your idea of a good time? What about dancing in a rainy field with one hundred and fifty thousand other people while a famous rock band plays on a stage so far away that the performers look like ants?It may sound strange but that is what many hundreds of thousands of young people in the UK do every summer. Why? Because summer is the time for outdoor music festivals.Held on a farm, the Glastonbury Festival is the most well-known and popular festival in the UK. It began in 1970 and the first festival was attended by one thousand five hundred people each paying an admission price of 1 pound — the ticket included free milk from the farm. Since then the Glastonbury Festival has gone from strength to strength —in 2004 one hundred and fifty thousand fans attended, paying 112 pound each for a ticket to the three-day event. Tickets for the event sold out within three hours. Performers included superstars as well as new talent.Although many summer festivals are run on a profit-making basis, Glastonbury is a charity event, donating millions of pounds to local and international charities. (Now listen again please.) Questions:11. What do thousands of young people in the UK do every summer according to the passage?12. Where is the Glastonbury Festival held every year?13. Which of the statements is true about The Glastonbury Festival according to the passage?Questions 14 through16 are based on the following passage.According to a new report from the United Nations refugee agency, 3.7 million children under the U.N. agency’s care are unable to attend school. The situation gets worse as the children get older. The percentage drops from 50 percent for young children to 22 percent at secondary school age.U.N. information also shows that only one percent of refugees attend a university, compared to 34 percent of the world’s population. As refugee children grow, their chances for education severely decrease.The issue of providing refugees with an education is more difficult because of the expanding population and a lack of necessary financing. According to the U.N. report, the population of school-age children grew by 30 percent in 2014. That number requires an extra 20,000 teachers.Many host nations already struggle to provide simple, but necessary services for refugees. But now, they must also find a place to hold classes and a way to purchase additional school supplies.The report also discusses the helpful effects of education, saying it helps children avoid child labor and membership in armed groups. It also said that not providing schooling only extends conflict and leads to more people being homeless. (Now listen again please.)Questions:14. What is the problem mentioned in the U.N. report?15. Why is it more difficult to give refugees an education?16. Which of the following issues is discussed in the report?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Thank you for calling Fanny department store. How can I help you today?W: Hi. I was in your store this past weekend and bought a few items. Yesterday, my friend told me that the annual anniversary sales had begun. She bought the same sweater as I did, but for a much lower price.M: Yes. Our anniversary sale started on Monday. We do offer price adjustments within seven days of purchase to ensure our customer satisfaction. You said you did the purchase here this past weekend?W: Yes. I was shopping in your store last Sunday afternoon.M: That would definitely fall within the price adjustment window. Do you have an account with us? We can credit your account directly with the difference if you wish. Otherwise we can senda gift card by mail if you prefer.W: Crediting my account would be wonderful. Thank you. Now that you mention there’s a sale going on, I remember a dress I quite like when I was in the shop on Sunday. Is it on offer as well?M: Yes, ma’am. All the new arrivals are 15-20% off.W: That’s good news. The dress really caught my eye.M: If you like, I can set one aside for you. If you’re able to come this afternoon, you can give your name to the sales manager and they will be able to assist you. (Now listen again please.) Questions:17. What can we learn about Fanny department store?18. Which of the following services does Fanny department store offer?19. What does the woman want the store to do to address the price difference?20. What can be learned about the dress the woman is interested in?。

2018届上海徐汇区中考英语二模(原卷版)

...............Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary Ⅱ（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）1. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. abroadB. coatC. goalD. road2. American violinist Lindsey doesn’t play ________ violin in the traditional way.A. aB. anC. theD. /3. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place _______February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A. inB. onC. ofD. from4. The law prevents businessmen ________ buying and selling ivory, tooth of the elephant.A. byB. ofC. againstD. from5. Please check ________ passport and air ticket before leaving home.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. yourself6. The community has plenty of ________ for the elderly to communicate with each other.A. roomB. classC. programD. game7. The world’s _______ glass floor bridge opened to the public in Shijiazhuang last year.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest8. In the concert, I loved the Little Star best because the kids sang so _______.A. lovelyB. friendlyC. kindlyD. sweetly9. There ______ a singing and dancing competition every month here.A. isB. hasC. will beD. will have10. --________does it take to get to the nearest supermarket?--About half an hour on foot.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How often11. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you ______.A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughed12. The text is available online so you ________ have a copy of it now.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t13. To complete the project in time, the staff of the company kept _______day and night.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked14. ________the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginnin g , he didn’t give up.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. If15. Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has been builtD. will be built16. My brother was so careless that he forgot _______his passport to the airport.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken17. Mr. White ________English in school for seven years since he first visited China.A. teachesB. taughtC. is teachingD. has taught18. Let’s keep qu iet in the school library, _______?A. shall weB. can weC. will youD. do you19. –Would you mind turning on the radio a bit? I can’t hear it clearly--______.A. All rightB. That’s OKC. Thank youD. Not at all20. -__________.-I can’t agree more.A. Would you like some fish for dinner tonight?B. The lecture in the morning is so boring.C. Do you want to spend your weekend with us?D. I’ve decided to join in the tennis match next term.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.(将下列单词或词组填入空格。

2018届上海市各区高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题试题汇编--听力部分--学生版(已校对)

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a restaurant. B. In a bookstore. C. At a bus stop. D. In a library.2. A. Guest and receptionist. B. Passenger and air hostess.C. Customer and shop assistant.D. Consumer and waitress.3. A. Writing his term paper. B. Having a coffee break.C. Playing computer games.D. Attending an online school.4. A. It’s quite dear. B. It’s not good.C. It’s very cheap.D. She doesn’t like it.5. A. Work in a restaurant. B. Look for a full-time job.C. Travel around Hainan Island.D. Make a plan for a trip.6. A. He’s too busy to serve her. B. He’s sorry for there being no enough cash.C. She should open a new savings account.D. She has to go to the manager’s desk.7. A. He works as a gardener. B. He is too busy at work to play.C. He prefers sports to gardening.D. He lives in the countryside.8. A. 60 MPH. B. 50MPH. C. 40MPH. D. 10MPH.9. A. The man could not wait to see Susan. B. Susan is eager to pass on information.C. Susan is waiting for the latest news.D. The man knows the latest news in town.10. A. Risks may exist when they chase high profits in a short time.B. It’s feasible for people to be after large short-term profits.C. No one can avoid being victims of financial tricks.D. Every one is likely to make large short-term profits.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. On Tuesdays and Wednesdays. B. On Tuesdays and Thursdays.C. On Wednesdays and Thursdays.D. On Tuesdays and Fridays.12. A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Once a month. D. Twice a month.13. A. Classroom tests. B. Attendance rate.C. Research papers.D. Final exam.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Experts. D. Businessmen.15. A. Maintain a savings account. B. Visit the bank regularly.C. Hire a personal accountant.D. Manage his own money.16. A. The current economic situation has a negative influence on America.B. Parent-child communication on financial matters must be open.C. Teens should learn to handle money matters well on their own.D. Financial managers are most needed during the economic crisis.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. March. B. April. C. May. D. September.18. A. Inform the director of student housing in a letter.B. Deposit some money in the bank.C. Go to the housing office to make a dorm deposit.D. Maintain a high grade average.19. A. There are too many freshmen. B. It costs too much.C. The rooms are too small.D. It is too noisy.20. A. Where to live the following year. B. When to move.C. How much time to spend at home.D. Whose house to visit.I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a fruit store B. In a gym C. At a restaurant D. At a watch shop2. A. 4:30 B. 5:00 C. 5:10 D. 5:153. A. Boss and secretary B. Nurse and patientC. Salesman and customerD. Teacher and student4. A. The tickets are more expensive B. The tickets told online are cheaperC. It is difficult to get tickets on the spotD. It’s better to buy tickets offline5. A. He wants to be a musician in the futureB. He shows more interest in English learningC. He displays great music talent in the exhibitionD. He doesn’t make enough efforts in English learning6. A. He wants to get some sleep B. He needs time to write a paperC. He has a literature class to attendD. He is troubled by his sleep problem7. A. It looks old B. It looks newC. It doesn’t need paintingD. It doesn’t run well8. A. Extremely dull B. Hard to understandC. Lacking a good storyD. Not worth seeing twice9. A. Plan his budget carefully B. Buy a gift for his motherC. Ask someone else for adviceD. Give her more information10. A. She didn’t like telling jokes B. She went to school after 9 a.m.C. She may not have gone to school todayD. She may have been late for schoolSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue11. A. He found his TV was broken B. He missed a good TVC. He felt bored with the TV programD. He lost his meal tickets in the cafeteria12. A. He lost fifty dollars B. His time was wastedC. His brain wasn’t very activeD. He watched just one program13. A. Part of the brain is not in useB. Part of the brain becomes more passiveC. It takes longer to process visual informationD. It processes complex information less activelyQuestions 14 through 17 are based on the following dialogue14. A. From the newspaper B. From her classmateC. From her friendsD. From the man15. A. Plant more trees in the school yard B. Organize a picnic on ThursdayC. Build a parking lot for studentsD. Protect the natural beauty on campus16. A. Attend a meeting B. Attend a classC. Visit her friendsD. Go to the parking lot17. A. Lend her pen to the man B. Go to the administrationC. Support the students action unionD. Give out the handoutsQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following dialogue18. A.There are numerous languages in the existenceB. Most public languages are essentially vagueC. People differ greatly in their ability to communicateD. Big gaps exist between private and public languages19. A. It is a sign of human intelligence B. It improves with constant practiceC. It is something we are born withD. It varies from person to person20. A. How various languages are related to each otherB. How children learn to use language in particular waysC. How private languages are developed from public onesD. How people of different ages create their own languagesI. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Challenges. B. Hobbies. C. Jobs. D. Experiences.2. A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult. D. Amazing.3. A. Watching TV and videos. B. Replacing videos with TV.C. Parents’ involvement.D. Having baby sitters.4. A. A policeman. B. An accountant. C. A salesman. D. A bank teller.5. A. 7:40. B. 7:15. C. 7:20. D. 7:45.6. A. He will get someone to do it. B. She should do it herself.C. They don’t have to do it.D. He will clean the desk right away.7. A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. D. By car.8. A. He is not a good mechanic. B. He doesn’t keep his word.C. He spends his spare time doing repairs.D. He is always ready to offer help to others.9. A. She has been having a sad day. B. She needs to take a day off.C. She wants to play basketball, too.D. She has been annoyed by the noise.10. A. The man is n’t sure about the rehearsal.B. It’s better for the woman to wear a costume.C. The woman would regret it if she wore a costume.D. It wouldn’t make any difference if the woman did it.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue11. A. He qualified as a teacher. B. He became a student.C. He became a government researcher.D. He conducted a research on Zimbabwe.12. A. Children’s minds are not used to the full.B. It is a great drain on children’s time and energy.C. It highlights the flexibility of children’s minds.D. It prevents children from seeking answers by themselves.13. A. To teach people to understand the worldB. To instruct people how to raise good questions.C. To encourage people to study as they get older.D. To inform people of problems in foreign countries.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To serve as a time killer.B. To cultivate people’s reading killsC. To promote the sales of some books.D. To encourage people to take public transportation15. A. The stories are the short edition of some website articles.B. Users can choose the length and type of the stories.C. The stories are obtained by simply pressing a button.D. Users don’t need to pay for the short stories.16. A. From the boring travel experience. B. From the love for short stories.C. From the positive feedbackD. From the snack vending machine.Qusions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 10.18. A. Because his friends don’t get off work till 5 p.m.B. Because there will be more friends to go to the cinema on Friday.C. Because the film will be more popular than the Wednesday’s.D. Because there are not enough tickets left for the 9 p.m. showing.19. A. Paying a deposit. B. E-ordering in advance.C. Paying right away.D. Collecting tickets one day ahead.20. A. The film. B. The date C. The seating. D. The viewers.Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He is angry. B. He is exhausted. C. He is hungry. D. He is disappointed.2. A. Go over his lessons B. Attend the partC. Eat out with friendsD. Take the final exam3. A. She is most likely to be arrested. B. She has forgotten to call the police.C. She may have lost her driving license.D. She is lying to the police officer.4. A. Bill broke his promise. B. Mum will probably reward Bill.C. Bill failed in the testD. Mum is worried about Bill’s work.5. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Go back to work.C. Drop out of school.D. Quit her present job.6. A. She gave him a lift home again. B. She offered him an extra room.C. She treated him well at her home.D. She spared much time for him.7. A. She doesn't have time to find a new flat.B. She has not paid enough rent in advance.C. She is unlikely to give up the nice flat.D. She wants to decorate the flat during the holiday.8. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel insurance. C. Bungee jumping. D. Diving safety.9. A. She likes Phillips singing very much.B. She appreciates other kinds of musicals.C. She enjoys the changes of his musicalsD. She admires other singers more than Phillips.10. A. American students are too talkative in class.B. It is hard to learn a lot in an American school.C. One can join in schooling in different ways.D. Active participation is greatly encouraged.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. One should wait for things to happen before leaving.B. One should remain silent when things are getting hard.C. One should try to take control of the difficult situationD. One should turn to other people for instant help12. A. By motivating himself to take action. B. By seeking help from his friend.C. By thinking of the meaning of lifeD. By taking good care of himself.13. A. Life is not always peaceful and it is full of terrible accidents.B. Keep a positive attitude and focus on survival whatever happensC. Advanced equipment is the essential factor in surviving crisesD. Be ready to get immediate assistance when lost in the jungleQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In 1969. B. In 2012. C. In 1976. D. In2016.15. A. Suggested creating a university of science and technology in Egypt.B. Helped many Egyptian scientists to be awarded the Nobel Prize.C. Developed cooperation with the University of California in the U.S.D. Provided excellent Egyptian students with more financial support.16. A. For his relationship with Egyptian President.B. For his academic performance in technology.C. For his good service in the Egyptian Army.D. For his outstanding contributions to Egypt.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It offers different opinions on old age.B. It is about how to keep healthy in old age.C. It investigates the causes of the aging problem.D. It reveals the secrets of living longer.18. A. The old are thought to be healthy but lonely.B. The old are reported to be poor but happy.C. The old are regarded as an unattractive group.D. The old are considered dangerous to the society.19. A. They are easy to fall down with serious illness.B. They enjoy traveling and getting new experiences.C. They are difficult to be recognized due to the changes.D. They have no more mental problems than the middle-aged.20. A. Raise people's awareness of caring for the old.B. Help people take their responsibilities for the old.C. Change people’s attitude towards the aged group.D. Ease people's fear and anxiety about growing old.I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Worried and frightened. B. Relaxed and happy.C. Quite embarrassed.D. Deeply ashamed.2. A. Bill has never used a calculator. B. Bill can work better without a calculator.C. Bill is working with a calculator.D. Bill needs a calculator for this work.3. A. To cut his jeans short. B. To go on a diet.C. To wear fitted clothes.D. To buy a pair of jeans.4. A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.C. Talking with a friend.D. Asking for information.5. A. Put her report on his desk. B. Read some papers he recommended.C. Mail her report to the publisher.D. Improve some parts of her paper.6. A. Make some coffee. B. Meet the woman at the library.C. Continue to read.D. Go out with some friends.7. A. The man should buy a different meal ticket every month.B. Buying the meal ticket won’t save the man any money.C. It is better for the man to pay for each meal separately.D. The price of a meal may vary from month to month.8. A. She’s upset that she missed the television program.B. She doesn’t think th e television program was funny.C. She doesn’t like talking about television programs.D. She watched the television program at a friend’s house.9. A. He doubts the woman’s words. B. He hasn’t read the novel yet.C. He enjoyed reading the novel a lot.D. He is not interested in the novel at all.10. A. The talks haven’t started yet. B. They have come to a general agreement.C. The talks haven’t achieved much.D. The talks broke down and went no further.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They learn singing and dancing. B. They attend outdoor music festivals.C. They work on the farm for charity.D. They volunteer to work for others.12. A. On the beach. B. In a park. C. On a farm. D. In a stadium.13. A. It is run on a profit-making basis. B. It has achieved growing success.C. Fans can have free lunch there.D. Only superstars are invited to perform.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The number of refugees is increasing sharply.B. Most refugees cannot get necessary services.C. Many refugee children cannot receive education.D. More children cannot afford to go to university.15. A. No host nations want to change education systems.B. It is impossible to find so many extra teachers.C. Parents can’t afford to se nd their kids to school.D. The refugee population grows but there’s not enough money.16. A. The necessity of education.B. The prohibition of child labor.C. The victims of armed conflicts.D. The living conditions of the poor.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It has started a week-long promotion campaign.B. It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.C. It offers regular weekend sales all the year round.D. It specializes in the sale of men’s suits.18. A. Price reductions for its frequent customers.B. Gift cards for customers with any purchases.C. Free delivery of purchases for senior customers.D. Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.19. A. Mail a gift card to her. B. Allow her to buy on credit.C. Credit it to her account.D. Give her cash directly.20. A. It has already been sold out. B. It will be sent to the woman by mail.C. It is not available for the moment.D. It is one of the items on sale.I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He will review 2 more lessons. B. He will study the other 20 lessons.C. He will go over the 13 lessons.D. He will study all the 15 lessons.2. A. His injury kept him at home. B. He didn’t think it necessary.C. He was too weak to see the doctor.D. He failed to make an appointment.3. A. The post office. B. Monroe Street.C. The courthouse.D. Fourth Avenue.4. A. Disappointed. B. Approving. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful.5. A. He played his part quite well. B. He was not dramatic enough.C. He performed better than the secretary.D. He exaggerated his part.6. A. He wrote a book about great restaurants.B. He always makes reservations for dinner.C. He read a book while he was eating dinner.D. He always finds good places to eat.7. A. He is afraid he won’t be chosen for the trip.B. The boss has not decided where to go.C. Such a trip is necessary for the company.D. It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.8. A. It’s too expensive to get the apartment furnished.B. The furniture he bought was very cheap.C. The apartment was provided with some old furniture.D. It’s hard to find proper furniture for his apartment.9. A. She is intended to work for the school newspaper.B. The man can spare some time reading school newspaper.C. The man has a very tight schedule.D. The man should have taken more than five classes.10. A. Whether the meeting is certainly to be held on Monday.B. What bad news will be talked about at the meeting.C. What they are going to discuss at the meeting.D. Where the meeting is to be held.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Appropriateness of the programs. B. The operation of national programs.C. The incomes of the corporation.D. The welfare of the staff.12. A. By donations from the public. B. By selling its programs.C. By selling broadcasting devices.D. By getting support from the royals.13. A. Its humorous styles. B. The richness of its programs.C. Famous news announcers.D. Its neutral views on news.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Social progress and individual development.B. Human behaviors and social changes.C. General concepts about psychology and sociology.D. Relationship between cultures and human behaviors.15. A. What is the role of religion or art in a society?B. What is the main reason for revolution in a society?C. What are the causes of antisocial behavior?D. Why does one society progress more rapidly than another?16. A. Both psychology and sociology study human behavior.B. Mental problems should be dealt with by a sociologist.C. Sociology is the study of group behavior.D. Psychology pays more attention to individuals than to groups.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It looks into opinions that people hold about old age.B. It is about how to keep healthy in old age.C. It investigates causes of old people’s unhappiness.D. It reveals the secret of living longer.18. A. Arise people’s awareness of caring for the old.B. Encourage people to be more responsible for the old.C. Help people change their feelings about old age.D. Ease people’s fear and anxiety about mental illness of the old.19. A. They are mostly among the 60-70 age group.B. They are mostly abandoned by their families.C. People do not become more lonely because of old age.D. People among any age group are not lonely at all.20. A. They are changing suddenly and completely at a particular age.B. It’s hard to recognize a person when he is turning old.C. Old people can’t deal with events and problems pro perly.D. People do not change in old age a lot more than in middle age.I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airport B. In a hotel C. At a police station. D. At a restaurant2. A. At 4:20 B. At 4:40 C. At 4:50. D. At 4:303. A. Its price B. Its location C. Its comfort D. Its facilities4. A Employer and employ B. Husband and wifeC. Teacher and studentD. Patient and doctor5. A. To cancel his trip. B. To go to bed earlyC. To catch the later flightD. To ask for a morning call.6. A. Cathy already knows about the exhibit. B. Cathy has to act in a play.C. He did show her one of the signs.D. There will be an exhibit in the theatre.7. A. The critic has a very funny comment on the musicalB The woman agrees with the mans opinion of the musical.C. The woman has a very positive comment on the musical.D. The man and the woman differ in their opinion of the musical.8. A. David never likes to play tennis. B. David's unable to play tennis with them.C. David isn't a very good tennis player.D. David is in town for a game of tennis.9. A. Satisfied. B. Impatient. C. Exhausted. D. Amused.10. A. He wants to get a new job. B. He is asking the woman for help.C. He has left the woman a good impression. D He enjoys letter writing.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. She wanted to have a garden similar to their neighbour's.B. Her husband would like to have a beautiful backyard.C. She was going to make the rented house her own home.D. The community required them to keep the backyard lovely.12. A. By getting involved in doing voluntary work.B. By picking up mails for their neighbours.C. By keeping an eye on their neighbours' children.D. By planting trees along the street with others.13. A. Her husband volunteered to work in the neighbourhood.B. They took on new responsibilities for their neighbours.C. She was planning to plant a new garden in the backyard.D. She enjoyed the relationship they built with the community.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.。

2018年第二学期徐汇区英语学习能力诊断卷含答案

2018年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷初三英语试卷（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片):（6分）ABCDEFG H1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. _________B.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案): (8分)7. A. White. B. Red. C. Blue. D. Grey.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.9. A. A dentist. B. A detective. C. A policeman. D. A fireman.10. A. Two yuan. B. Four yuan. C. Five yuan. D. Ten yuan.11. A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. D. By bike.12. A. Having a rest in the bedroom. B. Shopping in the supermarket.C. Visiting the museum.D. Having dinner in the restaurant.13. A. At the post office. B. At the airport.C. At the hotel.D. At the library.14. A. The school newspaper. B. The hard training for school reporters.C. Best wishes for the school trip.D. The school football team. C．Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“A”表示，不符合的用“B”表示): (6分)15. Joana did some experiments on a plant called mimosa (含羞草) by herself.16. The result of the experiment was published in a magazine.17. The mimosas were planted in a 15-centermeter-high pot.18. The plants didn’t close their leaves at all after many tests.19. It seemed that the mimosa didn’t think the small drop harmful.20. The result of the experiment shows that plants have brains like people.D. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences (听对话，完成下列内容，每空格限填一词): (10分)21. Mike and Linda will have a long walk on __________ __________.22. They will start the long walk from the __________ __________.23. During the walk, they can spend some time __________ __________ the church24. The long walk may be about __________ __________ including breaks.25. With the help of the signposts along the way, the couple will not __________ __________.Part 2 Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)26. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation?A. abroadB. coatC. goalD. road27. American violinist Lindsey doesn’t play _______ violin in the traditional way.A. aB. anC. theD. /28. The 2018 Winter Olympics took place _______ February 9 to 25 in South Korea.A. inB. onC. ofD. from29. The law prevents businessmen _______ buying and selling ivory, tooth of the elephant.A. byB. ofC. againstD. from30. Please check _______ passport and air ticket before leaving home.A. youB. yourC. yoursD. yourself31. The community has plenty of _______ for the elderly to communicate with each other.A. roomB. classC. programD. game32. The world’s _______ glass floor bridge opened to the public in Shijiazhuang last year.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest33. In the concert, I loved the Little Star best because the kids sang so _______.A. lovelyB. friendlyC. kindlyD. sweetly34. There _______ a singing and dancing competition every month here.A. isB. hasC. will beD. will have35. –_______ does it take to get to the nearest supermarket?– About half an hour on foot.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How often36. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you _______.A. laughB. laughingC. to laughD. laughed37. The text is available online so you _______ have a copy of it now.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t38. To complete the project in time, the staff of the company kept _______ day and night.A. workB. workingC. to workD. worked39. _______ the job was very hard and tiring for him in the beginning, he didn’t give up.A. BeforeB. AlthoughC. UnlessD. If40. Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has been builtD. will be built41. My brother was so careless that he forgot _______ his passport to the airport.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken42. Mr White _______ English in school for seven years since he first visited China.A. teachesB. taughtC. is teachingD. has taught43. Let’s keep quiet in the school library, _______?A. shall weB. can weC. will youD. do you44. – Would you mind turning on the radio a bit? I can’t hear it clearly.– _______.A. All rightB. That’s OKC. Thank youD. Not at all45. –_______.– I can’t agree more.A. Would you like some fish for dinner tonight?B. The lecture in the morning is so boring.C. Do you want to spend your weekend with us?D. I’ve decided to join in the tennis match next term.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。

2018 届上海市徐汇、金山、松江区高三第二学期学习能力诊断英语试题及答案

2018 届上海市徐汇、金山、松江区高三第二学期学习能力诊断英语试题及答案2013学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三年级英语学科 2014.4第 I 卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Visit the woman. B. Go to an interview.C. Attend a lecture.D. Work in the office.2. A. At a post office. B. At a fast-foodrestaurant.C. At a booking office.D. At a check-in desk. 3. A. One hour later.B. Thirty minutes later.C. Twenty minutes later.D. Around tenminutes.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 1 页4. A. $8. B. $12. C. $16. D.$20.5. A. There is something wrong with the yoga class.B. John and Tom are good friends.C. Tom has attended a yoga class.D. The woman may have dialed a wrong number. 6. A. What to take upas a hobby. B. How to keep fit.C. How to handle pressure.D. What to play with. 7. A. Classmates. B. Lecturers. C. Strangers.D. Relatives.8. A. He has made a careful plan of writing it. B. He hasn’tgot a whole picture of it.C. He has quit writing it.D. He is seeking fora publisher now.9. A. A head waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A customer.D. A receptionist.10. A. He’s not surprised at the woman’s playing at a concerttomorrow.B. He won’t gi ve the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.C. He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 2 页D. He understands the woman’s nervous feeling and thinks itnormal.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A.In small cups. B. In a boat on a river.C. At the bottom of a river.D. On food stored inthe ground.12. A. It came from a river. B. It wasextremely pure.C. It was found in large quantities.D. It was dugup from a deep mine.13. A. An early means of travel on rivers. B. An ancientmethod of fishing in rivers.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 3 页C. An important discovery at a village.D. The way oftrading foods in old times.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. She enjoyed removing others’ drinks. B. Shebecame more and more forgetful.C. She preferred to do everything by herself.D. Shewanted to keep her house in good order.15. A. She is happy to clean windows. B. She loves toclean used windows.C. She is fond of clean used windows.D. She likes cleanwindows as my mother did.16. A. My mother often made us confused.B. My family members had a poor memory.C. My mother helped us to form a good habitD. My wife was surprised when she visited my mother. Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will beread twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 4 页with the information you hear.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.The man’s interviewThe time for the At 17 in the morning.interviewPosition applied 18forHis worries He thinks he lacks 19and he is poor at languages.Languages capable 20 and French.of useComplete the form. Write ONE WORD OR NUMBER for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.How long will the It will last for 21 .conference last?What is between the There are 22 betweenconference rooms? them.Why does the woman need For 23 .smaller conference rooms?What do we learn about the The conference centre is made徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 5 页conference centre? up of the main conference hall,smaller conference rooms, anda(n) 24 .Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)The California state assembly recently approved the so-called Paris Hilton bill, which prevents dogs 25______ occupying the driver’s seatin a moving vehicle. The bill passed 26______ Democrats wanted to make an example of Miss Hilton. They think she is a “littlerich girl” who always gets her way; plus, her daddy is a big contributor to the Republican Party. “The judge 27______ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got onlya four-day jail sentence for driving while drunk.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 6 页28______ (drive) around town with her little dog Lovey hanging out the driver's window, Paris is a familiar sight throughout Los Angeles. Pictures of her and Lovey are common in newspapers and magazines.“That dog is a deadly threat to everyone on the s treets and the sidewalks,” said assembly leader Fabian Nunez. “We wrote this bill to protect the public. There’s no telling 29______ the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians. 30______ Paris wants to be with her dog, let her chauffeur do the driving. The state assembly is responsible for protecting people, and we take that responsibility seriously.”The assembly bill passed by a vote of 44 to 11. The state senate(参议院) 31______(expect) to approve the bill, and Governor Schwarzenegger ha s promised to sign it. “I love dogs,” he said,“but when it comes to 32______ (protect) the people of California, dogs will have to take a back seat.”The eleven assembly members who objected to the bill were all Republicans. “While Californians,” said Republican Tom Ridge, “arebeing attacked daily by murderers, rapists, and muggers, who do the Democrats protect citizens from—a 33______ (spoil) little girl and her dog!”徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 7 页(B)He almost killed somebody, but one minute changed his life. This beautiful story comes from Sherman Rogers’ book, Foremen: Leaders . or Drivers?In his true-life story, Rogers illustrates the importance ofeffective relationships. During his college years, Rogers spent 34______ summer in an Idaho(爱达荷州) logging camp. When thesuperintendent had to leave for a few days, he put Rogers in charge.“35______ if the men refuse to follow my orders?” Rogers asked.He thought of Tony, an immigrant worker who roared all day, giving the other men a hard time.“Fire them,” the superintendent said. Then, as if 36______ (read) Roger’s mind, he added, “I suppose you think you are going to fire Tony if you get the chance. I’d feel badly about that. I have been logging for 40 years. Tony is the most reliable worker I’ve ever had. I know he hates everybody and everything. But he comesin first and leaves last. There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill 37______ he works.”Rogers took over the next day. He went to Tony and spoke to him.“Tony, do you know I’m in charge here today?” Tony grunted徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 8 页(发哼声). “I was going to fire you the first time we fought, but I want you to know I’m not,” he told Tony, adding what the superintendent 38______ (say).When he finished, Tony dropped the shovelful of sand he had held and tears streamed down his face.“Why he no tell me dat eight years ago?”That day Tony worked harder than ever before --- and he smiled! He later said to Rogers, “My first foreman who ever say, ‘Good work, Tony’ and it made me feel like Christmas.”Rogers went back to school after that summer. Twelve years later he met Tony again who was now superintendent for railroad construction for one of 39______ (large) logging companies in the West. Rogers asked him how he came to California and happened to have such success.Tony replied, “If it not be for the one minute you talk to me back in Idaho, I keel somebody someday. One minute change my whole life.”Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out 40______ a worker is doing well. But what a difference a minute of affirmation can make in any relationship!徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 9 页Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. B. well C. D. E.reassures distinguish encounter objectsF. G. H. I. J. K.inoffensive reveals afterwards implication genuine unpleasantTelling Tales“Here’s a nice bit of gossip!” Do I have your attention?Probably. We listen, but 41______ we often feel terrible with ourselves. That’s the problem with gossip: it’s something that asa social species we are primed to enjoy, but it can also be 42______ and harmful.Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and43______ the other person that our intentions arefriendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchangingbits and pieces of news about ourselves andothers, can be perfectly 44______. If I say to you, “Let’s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,” I’m inviting you to a social45______ in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us.But it’s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip,徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 10 页we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler 46______. A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out 47______. The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, butit’s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and bad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could 48______ the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip 49______ itself in its desire to make the 50______ of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference.Now then, did you hear about ...III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“What are you going to be when you grow up?” is a question that you may have been asked. You may not even know there are a varietyof geography-related jobs.The Association of American Geographers lists nearly 150徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 11 页different geography jobs. So, if you are interested in people, places, and environments, consider a job in geography. Your work will not be limited to maps—it might range from 51 data to planning projects, or making decisions about the environment.Processing Geographic DataA geographer’s main activity is analyzing geographicinformation to answer geographic questions. Jobs processing geographic data begin, of course, with collecting the information. One on-the-ground job in data collection is that of a surveyor. Surveyors 52 and measure the land directly. They may mark boundaries, study the shape of the land, or even help find sewer(下水道) and water systems beneath the Earth. High-techinformation-gathering jobs include working with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. Some examples of these jobs include remote sensing specialists and GIS analysts. Data analysis jobs require the ability to think 53 , high-level computer skills,and a college education.Once data have been processed, a geographer may study theinformation to use in planning projects such as a new urban area, a(n) 54 evacuation(撤退) plan, or the placement of a newhighway. Planners can also help determine how to make a neighborhood 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 12 页a better place to live. These jobs, too, require good critical thinking, writing, and computer skills, as well as a college education. Planners are 55 to the success of a community.Advising Businesses and GovernmentAbout half of jobs using geography are in business and government.All kinds of businesses use geographic information to help build and 56 their operations. A location analyst studies an area to find the best location for a client. The client might be a large retail store chain that wants to know which location would be best for opening a new store. The location analyst can study GIS reports on such elements as transportation networks or population in an area and give the business owners the positive and 57 points abouta location being considered.In 1967, the Mexican government was looking for a location to create a new international tourist resort. They used location analysts to find an area that had good beaches and was easy to reach from the United States. The 58 was Cancún, today one of theworld’s most desirable vacation sites.Businesses connected with natural 59 such as forests alsorely on geographers. Geographers help them understand therelationship between their business and the environment where their 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 13 页business is located.In 1967, Cancún was a small island on Mexico’s Caribbean coast.It had white sand beaches, many birds and mangrove(红树) trees, but few people. After it was selected as a resort site, it was quickly60 . Today, Cancún has more than 100 hotels and 500,000 permanent residents. Many work in the tourist industry that serves the millions of visitors who come each year from all over the world.Physical and Human GeographyPhysical geographers are sometimes called earth scientists. Some study such topics as geomorphology (地形学), that is, the study of how the shape of the Earth 61 . Others study weather andclimate. Still others study water, the oceans, soils, or ecology. Jobs in these fields require 62 scientific training.Some geographers study economic, political, and 63issues as they relate to place or region. Human geographers are usually hired by government agencies to analyze a specific problem. These geographers work 64 with political scientists,economists, and sociologists.Together, they provide possible solutions to problems from many different aspects of life in an area. And, of course, geographers 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 14 页teach the subject at all levels of 65 , from elementary schools to universities. But no matter what geography jobs people might hold, they are always trying to answer the basic geographic questions: “Where are things located?” and “Why are they there?”51. A. performing B. analyzing C. appreciatingD. downloading52. A. map B. mine C. shape D.honour53. A. creatively B. critically C. wildlyD. moderately54. A. disaster B. radioactivity C. excursionD. vacation55. A. qualified B. determined C. valuableD. feasible56. A. survive B. expand C. manage D.boom57. A. negative B. effective C. depressiveD. profitable58. A. scenery B. destination C. resultD. foundation徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 15 页59. A. potentials B. histories C. resourcesD. sciences60. A. specialized B. polluted C. governed D. transformed61. A. proceeds B. stretches C. extends D. changes62. A. peculiar B. special C. reasonableD. enthusiastic63. A. psychological B. contemporary C. religiousD. social64. A. closely B. peacefully C. loyallyD. sensitively65. A. demonstration B. revolution C. examinationD. educationSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The Dangers of DietingThanks to our modern lifestyle, with more and more time spentsitting down in front of computers than ever before, the number of 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 16 页overweight people is at a new high. As people crazily search for a solution to this problem, they often try some of the popular fad(时尚) diets being offered. Many people see fad diets as harmless ways of losing weight, and they are grateful to have them. Unfortunately, not only don’t fad diets usually d o the trick, but they can actually be dangerous for your health.Although permanent weight loss is the goal, few are able to achieve it. Experts estimate that 95 percent of dieters return to their startingweight, or even add weight. While the irresponsible or unwise use of fad diets can bring some initial results, long-term results are very rare.Nonetheless, people who are bored with the difficulties of changing their eating habits often turn to fad diets. Rather than being moderate, fad diets involve extreme dietary changes. They advise eating only one type of food, or they prohibit other types of foods entirely. This results in a situation where a person’s bodydoesn’t get all the vitamins and other things that it needs to stay healthy.One popular fad diet recommends eating lots of meat and animal products, while nearly eliminating carbohydrates(碳水化合物). A scientific study from Britain found that this diet is very high in 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 17 页fat. According to the study, the increase of damaging fats in the blood can lead to heart disease and, in extreme cases, kidney failure. Furthermore, diets that are too low in carbohydrates can cause the body to use its own muscle for energy. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up, and the result is slower weight loss.Veteran(老兵) dieters may well ask at this point, “What is theideal diet?” Well, to some extent, it depends on the individual. A United States government agency has determined that to change your eating habits requires changing your psychology of eating, and everyone has a different psychology. That being said, the British study quoted above recommends a diet that is high in carbohydrates and high in fiber,with portions of fatty foods kept low. According to the study, such a diet is the best for people who want to stay healthy, lose weight, and keep that weight off. And, any dieting program is best undertaken with a doctor’s supervision.66. After losing weight by dieting, what usually happens to people?A. They have kidney failure.B. They gain the weight back again.C. They keep the weight off.D. They have less muscle.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 18 页67. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in paragraph 3?A. Bored people turn to fad diets, which, being too extreme, don’t give the body everything it needs.B. People are bored with fad diets and turn to diets which provide what the body needs.C. People prefer fad dieting to moderate dieting because it requires fewer foods to give the body what it needs.D. Fad diets give boring people the moderate dietary changes they need to get all the required vitamins.68. Which is not mentioned as an effect of the meat and animal product diet?A. Heart disease.B. Slower weight loss.C. Psychological changes.D. Kidney failure.69. According to the passage, why does the ideal diet depend on the individual?A. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up.B. Everyone can gain the weight back.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 19 页C. Everyone has a different psychology.D. Everyone likes different foods.(B)Charlie Bell became chief executive of McDonald’s in April.Within a month doctors told him that he had colorectal cancer. After stock market hours on November 22nd, the fast-food firm said he had resigned; it would need a third boss in under a year. Yet when the market opened, its share price barely dipped then edged higher. After all, McDonald’s had, again, shown how to act swiftly and decisively in appointing a new boss.Mr. Bell himself got the top job when Jim Cantalupo died of a heart attack hours before he was due to address a convention of McDonald’s franchisees(获特许经营联营店者). Mr. Cantalupo was aMcDonald’s veteran brought out of retirement in January 2003 tohelp remodel the firm after sales began falling because of dirty restaurants, indifferent service and growing concern about junk food. He devised a recovery plan, backed by massive marketing, and promoted Mr. Bell to chief operating officer. When Mr. Cantalupo died, a rapidly convened(召集) board confirmed Mr. Bell, a 44-year-oldAustralian already widely seen as his heir apparent, in the top job.The convention got its promised chief executive’s address, from the 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 20 页firm’s first non-American leader.Yet within weeks executives had to think about what to do if Mr.Bell became too ill to continue. Perhaps Mr. Bell had the same thing on his mind: he usually introduced Jim Skinner, the 60-year-old vice-chairman, to visitors as the “steady hand at the wheel”. Now Mr. Skinner, an exper t on the firm’s overseas operations, becomes chief executive, and Mike Roberts, head of its American operations, joins the board as chief operating officer.Is Mr. Roberts now the new heir apparent? Maybe. McDonald’s hasbrought in supposedly healthier choices such as salads and toasted sandwiches worldwide and, instead of relying for most of its growth on opening new restaurants, has turned to upgrading its 31,000 existing ones. America has done best at this; under Mr. Roberts, like-for-like sales there were up by 7. 5% in October on a year earlier.The new team’s task is to keep the revitalization plan on course, especially overseas, where some American brands are said to facepolitical hostility from consumers. This is a big challenge. Is an in-house succession(交替、继承) the best way to tackle it? Mr.Skinner and Mr. Roberts are both company veterans, having joined in the 1970s. Some recent academic studies find that the planned 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 21 页succession of a new boss from within, such as Mr. Bell and now (arguably) Mr. Roberts, produces better results than looking hastily, or outside, for one. McDonald’s smooth handling of its serial misfortunes at the top certainly seems to prove the point. Even so, everyone at McDonald’s must be hoping that it will be a long time before the firm faces yet another such emergency.70. The main reason for the constant change at the top of McDonaldis _______.A. the constant change of its share priceB. the board’s failure to reach an agreementC. the falling salesD. the physical problems of the chief executives71. The underlined phrase “heir apparent” (in Paragraph 2) inthe article most probably means someone who _______.A. has the same ideas, aims and style with a personB. has the same right to receive the family titleC. is appointed as an executive of a companyD. is likely to take over a person’s position when that personleaves徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 22 页72. Which of the following was NOT a cause of the falling salesof McDonald?A. The change of the chief executive.B. People’s concern about junk food.C. Dirty restaurant.D. Indifferent service.73. In terms of succession at the top, McDonald_______.A. has had to made rather hasty decisionsB. prefers to appoint a new boss from withinC. acts in a quick and unreasonable wayD. surprises all the people with its decisions(C)It is evident that there is a close connection between the capacityto use language and the capacities covered by the verb “to think”. Indeed, some writers have identified thinking with using words: Plato coined the saying, “In thinking the soul is talking to itself”; J. B. Watson reduced thinking to inhibited(拘谨的) speech located in the minute(微小的) movements or tensions of the 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 23 页physiological mechanisms involved in speaking; and although Ryle is careful to point out that there are many senses in which a person issaid to think and in which words are not in evidence, he has also said that saying something in a specific frame of mind is thinking a thought.Is thinking reducible to, or dependent upon, language habits? It would seem that many thinking situations are hardly distinguishable from the skillful use of language, although there are some others in which language is not involved. Thought cannot be simply identified with using language. It may be the case, of course, that the non-linguistic skillsinvolved in thought can only be acquired and developed if the learner is able to use and understand language. However, this question is one which we cannot hope to answer in this book. Obviously being able to use language makes for a considerable development in all one’s capacities but how preciselythis comes about we cannot say.At the common-sense level it appears that there is often adistinction between thought and the words we employ to communicate with other people. We often have to struggle hard to find words to capture what our thinking has already grasped, and when we do find words we sometimes feel that they fail to do their job properly. Again 徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 24 页when we report or describe our thinking to other people we do not merely report unspoken words and sentences. Such sentences do not always occur in thinking, and when they do they are merged with vague imagery and the hint of unconscious or subliminal(潜意识)activities going on just out of rage. Thinking, as it happens, is more like struggling, striving, or searching for something than it is like talking or reading.Again the study of speech disorders due to brain injury disease suggests that patients can think without having adequate control over their language. Some patients, for example, fail to find the names of objects presented to them and are unable to describe simple events which they witness; they even find it difficult to interpret long writtennotices. But they succeed in playing games of chess or draughts. Theycan use the concepts needed for chess playing or draught playing but are unable to use many of the concepts in ordinary language. How they manage to do this we do not know. Presumably human beings have various capacities for thinking situations which are likewise independent of language.74. According to the theory of "thought" devised by J. B. Watson,thinking is_______.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 25 页A. talking to the soulB. concealed speechC. speaking nonverballyD. a non-linguistic behavior75. What does the author think about the relationship between language and thinking?A. The ability to use language enhances one’s capacity of thinking.B. Words and thinking match more often than not.C. Thinking never goes without language.D. Language and thinking are generally distinguishable.76. According to the author, when we intend to describe our thoughts, we______.A. merely report internal speechB. have to search for proper words in the way we readC. are overwhelmed with vague imageryD. sometimes are not able to find appropriate words77. Why are patients with speech disorders able to think withouthaving adequate control of language?A. They use different concepts.徐汇区高三英语本卷共 45 页第 26 页B. They do not think linguistically.C. It still remains an unsolved mystery.D. Thinking is independent of language.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Space Travel and Science FictionSpace travel and science fiction have long been connected. Early science fiction writers such as Jules Verne inspired scientists and engineers to develop new space technologies. Writers of science fiction, as well as creators of science fiction TV shows and movies, often study the latest scientific concepts and use or adapt them to help expose what future space travel, space ships, and space stations might look like.And while many of their predictions have come true, many others have not.Jules Verne (1828-1905) was a French author. He was a pioneer of science fiction. In his novels From the Earth to the Moon (1865) and Around the Moon (1870), a kind of space ship is fired from a900-foot-long cannon(大炮) at the moon. On their journey, the three。

上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断（二模）英语试题

上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断（二模）英语试题2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2018.4I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Worried and frightened. B. Relaxed and happy.C. Quite embarrassed.D. Deeply ashamed.2. A. Bill has never used a calculator. B. Bill can work better without a calculator.C. Bill is working with a calculator.D. Bill needs a calculator for this work.3. A. To cut his jeans short. B. To go on a diet.C. To wear fitted clothes.D. To buy a pair of jeans.4. A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.C. Talking with a friend.D. Asking for information.5. A. Put her report on his desk. B. Read some papers he recommended.C. Mail her report to the publisher.D. Improve some parts of her paper.6. A. Make some coffee. B. Meet the woman at the library.C. Continue to read.D. Go out with some friends.7. A. The man should buy a different meal ticket every month.B. Buying the meal ticket won’t save the man any money.C. It is better for the man to pay for each meal separately.D. The price of a meal may vary from month to month.the television program.8. A. She’s upset that she missedB. She doesn’t think the television program was funny.C. She doesn’t like talking about television programs.D. She watched the television program at a friend’s house.el yet.9. A. He d oubts the woman’s words. B. He hasn’t read the novC. He enjoyed reading the novel a lot.D. He is not interested in the novel at all.10. A. The talks haven’t started yet. B. They have come to a general agreement.C. The talks haven’t achieved much.D. The talks broke down and went no further.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would bethe best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They learn singing and dancing. B. They attend outdoor music festivals.C. They work on the farm for charity.D. They volunteer to work for others.12. A. On the beach. B. In a park. C. On a farm. D. In a stadium.13. A. It is run on a profit-making basis. B. It has achieved growing success.C. Fans can have free lunch there.D. Only superstars are invited to perform.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The number of refugees is increasing sharply.B. Most refugees cannot get necessary services.C. Many refugee children cannot receive education.D. More children cannot afford to go to university.15. A. No host nations want to change education systems.B. It is impossible to find so many extra teachers.C. Parents can’t afford to send their kids to school.D. The refugee population grows but there’s not enough money.16. A. The necessity of education.B. The prohibition of child labor.C. The victims of armed conflicts.D. The living conditions of the poor.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It has started a week-long promotion campaign.B. It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.C. It offers regular weekend sales all the year round.D. It specializes in th e sale of men’s suits.18. A. Price reductions for its frequent customers.B. Gift cards for customers with any purchases.C. Free delivery of purchases for senior customers.D. Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.19. A. Mail a gift card to her. B. Allow her to buy on credit.C. Credit it to her account.D. Give her cash directly.20. A. It has already been sold out. B. It will be sent to the woman by mail.C. It is not available for the moment.D. It is one of the items on sale.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Traveling Frog Stimulates ReflectionA free mobile game about a traveling frog has become a hit in China, (21)________ being availableonly in Japanese.the main character of the game is a frog that goes on advent ures Called “Tabikaeru: Travel Frog”,around Japan. Players collect clovers(四叶草) that grow in the frog’s garden (22)________ ________ theyjourneys. In turn, the frog sends players souvenirs andcan use them to buy supplies for the frog’ssnapshots from its travels. Users cannot control when thefrog chooses to go on its adventures.While news of the game’s appeal among mobile phone users on the mainland was first reported ononby local media outlets last week, its popularity hasn’t decreased in any way si nce: “Travel Frog”appMonday was still ranked first on a list of the most (23)__________(download) games from Apple’sstore in China. It is being widely discussed on social media, (24)__________ users post photos of theirfrogs’ adventures.Behind the craze is Japanese game developer Hit-Point, which was previously best-known for creatingthe popular cat-collecting game “Neko Atsume”. Even though (25)__________ is difficult to pinpoint whatFrog”, local media outlets reported that the game’has driven interest among mainland users in “Travelslow nature was part of its charm.The game was popular as it “tapped the trend among younger generations in China to search outChina Daily said, (26)_________(add) that those users were taken with its‘Zen-like’activities”,“Buddha-style gameplay”．But not everyone is thrilled about “Travel Frog”. In a post on social media platform Weibo last week, the state-run People’s Daily suggested that people (27)__________ aim to enrich themselves andbeing a lonely frog-r aising youth”．As an indication of the popularity of the “Travel Frog”, Apple has already had to remove from its s an app that appeared to be the Chinese version of the original, the South China Morning Post reported.That version of the game, which (28)__________(create) by a developer called Song Yang, charged users30 yuan ($4.74) to download the game. On Monday, another free-to-download app available on the appstore claimed it offered strategies and guides in Chinese that players could adopt(29)___________(improve) gameplay.While Hit-Point has not responded to inquiries about (30)_________ it intends to develop versions ofinthe game in other languages or not, the company did put out an English update for “Neko Atsume”2015.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alarmingB. propertiesC. revealedD. invasiveE. rescueF. instrumentalG. households H. document I. concerned J. amateur K. initiativesBefore science became professionalized in the 19th century, __(31)__ naturalists were collectinginformation and helping us understand the natural world. A 2009 study found that nearly 50% of UK__(32)__ feed wild birds. The National Trust has more than 5 million members, and 60,000 activevolunteers helping to protect the countryside as well as historic __(33)__. Now, with our environmentarguably under greater threat than ever and species declining at a(n) __(34)__ rate, volunteers are once。

上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断(二模)英语---精校Word版含答案

2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening ComprehensionSection AII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Traveling Frog Stimulates ReflectionA free mobile game about a traveling frog has become a hit in China, (21)________ being available only in Japanese.Called “Tabikaeru: Travel Frog”, the main character of the game is a frog that goes on adventures around Japan. Players collect clovers(四叶草) that grow in the fr og’s garden (22)________ ________ they can use them to buy supplies for the frog’s journeys. In turn, the frog sends players souvenirs and snapshots from its travels. Users cannot control when the frog chooses to go on its adventures.While news of the gam e’s appeal among mobile phone users on the mainland was first reported on by local media outlets last week, its popularity hasn’t decreased in any way since: “Travel Frog” on Monday was still ranked first on a list of the most (23)__________(download) games from Apple’s app store in China. It is being widely discussed on social media, (24)__________ users post photos of their frogs’ adventures.Behind the craze is Japanese game developer Hit-Point, which was previously best-known for creating the popular cat-collecting game “Neko Atsume”. Even though (25)__________ is difficult to pinpoint what has driven interest among mainland usersin “Travel Frog”, local media outlets reported that the game’s slow nature was part of its charm.The game was popular as it “tapped the trend among younger generations in China to search out ‘Zen-like’ activities”, China Daily said, (26)_________(add) that those users were taken with its “Buddha-style gameplay”.But not everyone is thrilled about “Travel Frog”. In a post on social media platform Weibo last week, the state-run People’s Daily suggested that people (27)__________ aim to enrich themselves and “avoid being a lonely frog-raising youth”.As an indication of the popularity of the “Travel Frog”, Apple has already had to remove from its store an app that appeared to be the Chinese version of the original, the South China Morning Post reported. That version of the game, which (28)__________(create) by a developer called Song Yang, charged users 30 yuan ($4.74) to download the game. On Monday, another free-to-download app available on the app store claimed it offered strategies and guides in Chinese that players could adopt (29)___________(improve) gameplay.While Hit-Point has not responded to inquiries about (30)_________ it intends to develop versions of the game in other languages or not, the company did put out an English update for “Neko Atsume” in 2015.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Before science became professionalized in the 19th century, __(31)__ naturalistswere collecting information and helping us understand the natural world. A 2009 study found that nearly 50% of UK __(32)__ feed wild birds. The National Trust has more than 5 million members, and 60,000 active volunteers helping to protect the countryside as well as historic __(33)__. Now, with our environment arguably under greater threat than ever and species declining at a(n) __(34)__ rate, volunteers are once again at the forefront of efforts to limit the damage.Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. On the Isle of Man, more than 8,000 people (nearly 10% of the population) are involved in regular weekend beach cleans. At one recent event, 123 volunteers turned up and removed 183 bags of litter in just a couple of hours. Thanks to __(35)__ such as this, the island shares Unesco biosphere reserve status with the Galápagos, Yellowstone in the US, Uluru in Australia, and hundreds of other sites.Recreational divers are making a real difference underwater too. They monitor the spread of __(36)__ species, and record how native species respond. Divers also __(37)__ levels of marine litter and other human impacts. Volunteer divers have played an important role in collecting information about marine conservation zones. Volunteers have also made a vital contribution to the conservation of basking sharks. The work of a citizen science Basking Shark Project in the 1980s and 90s was __(38)__ in getting these sharks on the protected species list in the UK, while satellite tagging __(39)__ the first recorded transatlantic crossing by a basking shark.Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. No one can know better, or care more about, our most special places than the people who live in them and give up their free time to look after them. As a group of divers and __(40)__ residents who lived on the shores of the bay, they took their campaign on to national and international stages and continue to inspire people who might otherwise feel powerless when faced with threats to the places that matter to them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __(41)__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __(42)__.The greatest __(43)__ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __(44)__ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __(45)__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __(46)__, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __(47)__. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __(48)__ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __(49)__. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __(50)__, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits — not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __(51)__. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __(52)__ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for __(53)__ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you __(54)__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __(55)__, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempting: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking tosomeone and you think they are lying? Well, you are notalone. We’ve all had that feeling. But did you knowthat there are several things you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, i f you ask a liar the question “Did you steal Fatima’s bag?”, they may answer with something like “Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?” In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying “Liars also use deflection ”, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liars(B)-----------------------How to handle stress at work------------------------How can men and women work better together?------------------------How will cancer treatment affect my son’s resume?------------------------What to do if you drank too much at the company holiday party that mass e-mail is appropriate for good or neutral news, rather than making a correction. Do you agree? Moreover, if you were the recipient of the correction, how would you respond?The only people who should be included in an e-mail are those who need to know or respond. Including everyone is rude and unprofessional as well as annoying to recipients. It’s not like we don’t have enough in our inbox already. I don’t agree that e-mail is only for good or neutral news, however. Sometimes you need to alert people or create a record of bad news. But no one should use e-mail to blame other people. If you’ve got a problem with someone, pick up the phone or take it outside (for a coffee, not a fist fight…geez). As for how to respond, e-mail is usually ineffective for resolving conflict. Have a conversation with the sender and explain why his or her approach isn’t the best and what you recommend.Letter 2January 14, 2018 | 9:24 pmIt’s the start of a new year and I believe it’s time for a change. What’s the best way to explain to a prospective employer that you are in need of something new without seeming flighty and without complaining about your current employer?The new year is as good a time as any to take stock, but not the only reason for making a change. At least, that’s not what you communicate to aprospective employer. Your reason for looking for a new job is less importantto your new employer than why you want to work there. Needing a change mightbe the catalyst(催化剂), but the job search is like dating, and you wouldn’task someone out and explain you’re just bored in your current relationship,right? At least I hope not, otherwise you’re likely to be as lonely as Barry Manilow sounds when he sings “It’s Just Another New Year’s Eve”.60. What is discussed in the first letter?A. How to ask questions in a polite way.B. How to respond to a false charge.C. How to make a correction at work.D. How to handle rude mass emails at work.61. According to Greg, expressing your dissatisfaction with your present job in an interview would be the same as __________.A. talking about your family issues in publicB. complaining about your prior partner on a first dateC. demonstrating your qualifications to your new bossD. bragging about your experience to your partner62. It can be inferred that “go to greg” mainly offers advice on people’s__________.A. career choicesB. social relationshipsC. working problemsD. health problems(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No one uses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication — scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them.Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions. Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans. Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research — attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review, along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Reproducing other scientists’ analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been looked down on with a kind of “me-too” derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources — but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun the analyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost — even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science, have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data. Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change. Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but nonreplicable results. Revising the presentincentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63. What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64. Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not targetpopulation.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latestdata.65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66. The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.People discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they’ll gain some insight into how to solve them. And even if they don’t find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam. (67)_______________ How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it.The term psychologists use for negative problem sharing is “co-rumination”. Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going over the same problems, anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings.(68)________________ In a study involving children aged seven to 15 years of age, researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associated with “high-quality” and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys). And studies suggest that co-rumination isn’t just a problem for girls. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and burn out, one study suggests.(69)________________ In a group of adults, the effects of co-rumination was compared between face-to-face contact, telephone contact, texting and social media. The positive effects of co-rumination were found in face-to-face contact, telephone contact and texting, but not in social media. The negative aspects of co-rumination (anxiety) was found in face-to-face communication and telephone contact, but not texting or social media. Verbal forms of communication seem to enhance both the positive and negative aspects of co-rumination more than non-verbal communication.Discussing problems with friends doesn’t always have to lead to worsening mental health, as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions. Then, relationships can be positive and beneficial to both parties. (70)________________IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Workaholic EconomyAlthough the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945, leisure seems reserved largely for the unemployed and underemployed. Those who work full-time spend as much time on the job as they did at the end of World War Ⅱ. In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since 1970. Bookstores now abound with manuals describing how to manage time and cope with stress.There are mainly two reasons for lost leisure.Since 1970, companies have responded to improvements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiring extra personnel. Some firms are even downsizing as their profits climb. A host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and, at the same time, compels workers to spend more time on the job. Most of those incentives(诱因) involve the structure of compensation(报酬). The way salaries and benefits are organized makes it more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra hour each than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job. Once people are on salary, their cost to a firm is the same whether they spend 35 hours a week in the office or 70. Therefore, it is more profitable for employers to work their existing employees harder.For all that employees complain about long hours, they, too, have reasons not to trade money for leisure. “People who work reduced hours pay a huge penalty in career terms,” Bailyn of Massachusetts Institute of Technology maintains. “It’s taken as a negative signal about their commit ment to the firm.” He adds that many corporate managers find it difficult to measure the contribution of their employeesto a firm’s well-being, so they estimate staff productivity in terms of hours worked. Employees know this, and they adjust their behavior accordingly.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会。

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2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2018.4I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Worried and frightened. B. Relaxed and happy.C. Quite embarrassed.D. Deeply ashamed.2. A. Bill has never used a calculator. B. Bill can work better without a calculator.C. Bill is working with a calculator.D. Bill needs a calculator for this work.3. A. To cut his jeans short. B. To go on a diet.C. To wear fitted clothes.D. To buy a pair of jeans.4. A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.C. Talking with a friend.D. Asking for information.5. A. Put her report on his desk. B. Read some papers he recommended.C. Mail her report to the publisher.D. Improve some parts of her paper.6. A. Make some coffee. B. Meet the woman at the library.C. Continue to read.D. Go out with some friends.7. A. The man should buy a different meal ticket every month.B. Buying the meal ticket won’t save the man any money.C. It is better for the man to pay for each meal separately.D. The price of a meal may vary from month to month.8. A. She’s upset that she missed the television program.B. She doesn’t think the television program was funny.C. She doesn’t like talking about television programs.D. She watched the television program at a friend’s house.9. A. He doubts the woman’s words. B. He hasn’t read the nov el yet.C. He enjoyed reading the novel a lot.D. He is not interested in the novel at all.10. A. The talks haven’t started yet. B. They have come to a general agreement.C. The talks haven’t achieved much.D. The talks broke down and went no further.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They learn singing and dancing. B. They attend outdoor music festivals.C. They work on the farm for charity.D. They volunteer to work for others.12. A. On the beach. B. In a park. C. On a farm. D. In a stadium.13. A. It is run on a profit-making basis. B. It has achieved growing success.C. Fans can have free lunch there.D. Only superstars are invited to perform.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The number of refugees is increasing sharply.B. Most refugees cannot get necessary services.C. Many refugee children cannot receive education.D. More children cannot afford to go to university.15. A. No host nations want to change education systems.B. It is impossible to find so many extra teachers.C. Parents can’t afford to send their kids to school.D. The refugee population grows but there’s not enough money.16. A. The necessity of education.B. The prohibition of child labor.C. The victims of armed conflicts.D. The living conditions of the poor.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. It has started a week-long promotion campaign.B. It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.C. It offers regular weekend sales all the year round.D. It specializes in the sale of men’s suits.18. A. Price reductions for its frequent customers.B. Gift cards for customers with any purchases.C. Free delivery of purchases for senior customers.D. Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.19. A. Mail a gift card to her. B. Allow her to buy on credit.C. Credit it to her account.D. Give her cash directly.20. A. It has already been sold out. B. It will be sent to the woman by mail.C. It is not available for the moment.D. It is one of the items on sale.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Traveling Frog Stimulates ReflectionA free mobile game about a traveling frog has become a hit in China, (21)________ being availableonly in Japanese.Called “Tabikaeru: Travel Frog”, the main cha racter of the game is a frog that goes on adventures around Japan. Players collect clovers(四叶草) that grow in the frog’s garden (22)________ ________ they can use them to buy supplies for the frog’s journeys. In turn, the frog sends players souvenirs and snapshots from its travels. Users cannot control when the frog chooses to go on its adventures.While news of the game’s appeal among mobile phone users on the mainland was first reported on by local media outlets last week, its popularity hasn’t decreased in any way since: “Travel Frog” on Monday was still ranked first on a list of the most (23)__________(download) games from Apple’s app store in China. It is being widely discussed on social media, (24)__________ users post photos of their frogs’ adventures.Behind the craze is Japanese game developer Hit-Point, which was previously best-known for creating the popular cat-collecting game “Neko Atsume”. Even though (25)__________ is difficult to pinpoint what has driven interest among mainland users in “Travel Frog”, local media outlets reported that the game’s slow nature was part of its charm.The game was popular as it “tapped the trend among younger generations in China to search out ‘Zen-like’ activities”, China Daily said, (26)_________(add) that those u sers were taken with its “Buddha-style gameplay”.But not everyone is thrilled about “Travel Frog”. In a post on social media platform Weibo last week, the state-run People’s Daily suggested that people (27)__________ aim to enrich themselves and “avoid being a lonely frog-raising youth”.As an indication of the popularity of the “Travel Frog”, Apple has already had to remove from its store an app that appeared to be the Chinese version of the original, the South China Morning Post reported. That version of the game, which (28)__________(create) by a developer called Song Yang, charged users 30 yuan ($4.74) to download the game. On Monday, another free-to-download app available on the app store claimed it offered strategies and guides in Chinese that players could adopt (29)___________(improve) gameplay.While Hit-Point has not responded to inquiries about (30)_________ it intends to develop versions of the game in other languages or not, the company did put out an English update for “Neko Atsume” in 2015.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Before science became professionalized in the 19th century, __(31)__ naturalists were collecting information and helping us understand the natural world. A 2009 study found that nearly 50% of UK __(32)__ feed wild birds. The National Trust has more than 5 million members, and 60,000 active volunteers helping to protect the countryside as well as historic __(33)__. Now, with our environment arguably under greater threat than ever and species declining at a(n) __(34)__ rate, volunteers are onceagain at the forefront of efforts to limit the damage.Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. On the Isle of Man, more than 8,000 people (nearly 10% of the population) are involved in regular weekend beach cleans. At one recent event, 123 volunteers turned up and removed 183 bags of litter in just a couple of hours. Thanks to __(35)__ such as this, the island shares Unesco biosphere reserve status with the Galápagos, Yellowstone in the US, Uluru in Australia, and hundreds of other sites.Recreational divers are making a real difference underwater too. They monitor the spread of __(36)__ species, and record how native species respond. Divers also __(37)__ levels of marine litter and other human impacts. Volunteer divers have played an important role in collecting information about marine conservation zones. Volunteers have also made a vital contribution to the conservation of basking sharks. The work of a citizen science Basking Shark Project in the 1980s and 90s was __(38)__ in getting these sharks on the protected species list in the UK, while satellite tagging __(39)__ the first recorded transatlantic crossing by a basking shark.Volunteers and enthusiasts can be powerful drivers for big changes. No one can know better, or care more about, our most special places than the people who live in them and give up their free time to look after them. As a group of divers and __ (40) __ residents who lived on the shores of the bay, they took their campaign on to national and international stages and continue to inspire people who might otherwise feel powerless when faced with threats to the places that matter to them.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __(41)__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __(42)__.The greatest __(43)__ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __(44)__ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __(45)__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __(46)__, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __(47)__. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __(48)__ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __(49)__. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __(50)__, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits —not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __(51)__. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __(52)__ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for __(53)__ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, findsmall ways to improve, and hold you __(54)__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __(55)__, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempt ing: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someone and youthink they are lying? Well, you are not alone. We’ve all had thatfeeling. But did you know that there are several things you can lookfor to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what theydo with their body. When people are lying they tend not to movetheir arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the truth.Liars also use deflection. Fo r example, if you ask a liar the question “Did you steal Fatima’s bag?”, they may answer with something like “Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?” In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try toover-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change thesubject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the stor y. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying “Liars also use deflection ”, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liars(B)A. How to ask questions in a polite way.B. How to respond to a false charge.C. How to make a correction at work.D. How to handle rude mass emails at work.61. According to Greg, expressing your dissatisfaction with your present job in an interview would be the same as __________.A. talking about your family issues in publicB. complaining about your prior partner on a first dateC. demonstrating your qualifications to your new bossD. bragging about your experience to your partner62. It can be inferred that “go to greg” mainly offers advice on people’s __________.A. career choicesB. social relationshipsC. working problemsD. health problems(C)Earlier this year a series of papers in The Lancet reported that 85 percent of the $265 billion spent each year on medical research is wasted because too often absolutely nothing happens after initial results of a study are published. No follow-up investigations to replicate(复制) or expand on a discovery. No oneuses the findings to build new technologies.The problem is not just what happens after publication — scientists often have trouble choosing the right questions and properly designing studies to answer them. Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions. Researchers publish reports on hundreds of treatments for diseases that work in animal models but not in humans. Drug companies find themselves unable to reproduce promising drug targets published by the best academic institutions. The growing recognition that something has gone wrong in the laboratory has led to calls for, as one might guess, more research on research — attempts to find rules to ensure that peer-reviewed studies are, in fact, valid.It will take a concerted effort by scientists and other stakeholders to fix this problem. We can do so by exploring ways to make scientific investigation more reliable and efficient. These may include collaborative team science, study registration, stronger study designs and statistical tools, and better peer review, along with making scientific data widely available so that others can replicate experiments, therefore building trust in the conclusions of those studies.Repr oducing other scientists’ analyses or replicating their results has too often in the past been looked down on with a kind of “me-too” derision(嘲笑) that would waste resources — but often they may help avoid false leads that would have been even more wasteful. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to replication is the inaccessibility of data and results necessary to rerun the analyses that went into the original experiments. Searching for such information can be extremely difficult. Investigators die, move and change jobs; computers crash; online links malfunction. Data are sometimes lost —even, as one researcher claimed when confronted about spurious(伪造的) results, eaten by termites(白蚁).There has definitely been some recent progress. An increasing number of journals, including Nature and Science, have adopted measures such as checklists for study design and reporting while improving statistical review and encouraging access to data. Several funding agencies, meanwhile, have asked that researchers outline their plans for sharing data before they can receive a government grant.But it will take much more to achieve a lasting culture change. Investigators should be rewarded for performing good science rather than just getting statistically significant (“positive”) but n onreplicable results. Revising the present incentive(激励) structure may require changes on the part of journals, funders, universities and other research institutions.63. What is the problem reported in those papers in The Lancet?A. Great achievements in medical research failed to get published.B. Money was wasted on follow-up investigations in medical research.C. Too many new research findings are not put into use after publication.D. Few scientists are devoted to building new technologies for mankind.64. Which of the following situation is most similar to the problem described in paragraph 2?A. A high school decides to cut its art programs due to the lack of fund.B. A patient gets sicker because he does not follow the doctor’s advice.C. A marketing firm tests a website with participants that are not target population.D. A drug company fails to produce the new drug due to no access to the latest data.65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Measures are taken to ensure publication of tested results only.B. Scientific experiments must be replicable to be considered valid.C. Experiment replication is unoriginal and not worthwhile.D. Rewards should be given only to those nonreplicable findings.66. The purpose of this article is to ___________.A. argue that scientific research lacks efficiencyB. explain the result of a recent scientific studyC. introduce some recent progress in medical researchD. highlight the possible problems of research studiesSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.into how to solve them. And even if they don’t find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam.(67)_______________ How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem or doubling it.The term psychologists use for negative problem sharing is “co-rumination”. Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems repeatedly going over the same problems, anticipating future problems and focusing on negative feelings.(68)________________ In a study involving children aged seven to 15 years of age, researchers found that co-rumination in both boys and girls is associat ed with “high-quality” and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys). And studies suggest that co-rumination isn’t just a problem for girls. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and burn out, one study suggests.(69)________________ In a group of adults, the effects of co-rumination was compared between face-to-face contact, telephone contact, texting and social media. The positive effects of co-rumination were found in face-to-face contact, telephone contact and texting, but not in social media. The negative aspects of co-rumination (anxiety) was found in face-to-face communication and telephone contact, but not texting or social media. Verbal forms of communication seem to enhance both the positive and negative aspects of co-rumination more than non-verbal communication.Discussing problems with friends doesn’t always have to lead to worsening mental health, as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions. Then, relationships can be positive and beneficial to both parties. (70)________________IV．Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A Workaholic EconomyAlthough the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945, leisure seems reserved largely for the unemployed and underemployed. Those who work full-time spend as much time on the jobas they did at the end of World War Ⅱ. In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since 1970. Bookstores now abound with manuals describing how to manage time and cope with stress.There are mainly two reasons for lost leisure.Since 1970, companies have responded to improvements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiring extra personnel. Some firms are even downsizing as their profits climb. A host of factors pushes employers to hire fewer workers for more hours and, at the same time, compels workers to spend more time on the job. Most of those incentives(诱因) involve the structure of compensation(报酬). The way salaries and benefits are organized makes it more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra hour each than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job. Once people are on salary, their cost to a firm is the same whether they spend 35 hours a week in the office or 70. Therefore, it is more profitable for employers to work their existing employees harder.For all that employees complain about long hours, they, too, have reasons not to trade money for leisure. “People who work reduced hours pay a huge penalty in career terms,” Bailyn of Massachusetts Institute of Technology maintains. “It’s taken as a negative signal about their commitment to the firm.” He adds that many corporate managers find it difficult to measure the contribution of their employees to a firm’s well-being, so they estimate staff productivity in terms of hours worked. Employees know this, and they adjust their behavior accordingly.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这次春游为同学们提供了放松的机会。

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