主语从句、同位语从句、定语从句对比
英语各种从句的区别
在句子里做主语，宾语，表语的分别是主语，宾语，表语从句。
修饰名词的是定语从句，相当于形容词。
修饰整个句子，动词，形容词的是状语从句。
在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
1，定语从句。
1）先行词是名词。
2）定语从句跟在名词后。
是修饰名词的。
3）与中文顺序相反。
4）定语从句的组成是：连词+主+谓+宾。
5）连词在从句里可以作主语、宾语、状语等。
6）当先行词的名词表示人时，后面的连词用who+v/(whom)+s+v/whose+N+s+v. 当先行词的名词表示物时，后面的连词用which/that ,whose.7）连词前可以有介词。
8）不许用what1. All the people who work on a newspaper must be able to work fast.2. Corn is a useful plant which can be eaten by both people and animals.3. I have a friend whose cousin is a tennis player.4. The boy lived in a part of town where there were no schools.5. During the hurricane, one of the tree branches broke the bed in whichthe girl had been sleeping.II. 名词从句。
起名词作用。
=名词1. 主语从句。
1）在主语位置上。
2）组成：连词+主语+谓语+宾语3）连词不可省4）不许用ifWhen we’ll go to school is still a question.2. 宾语从句。
三大从句语法讲解
三大从句语法讲解从句：在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。
主句：除掉从句，就是主句在英语中，主要有三大从句：名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）形容词性从句（即定语从句）副词性从句（即状语从句：包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）三大从句快速判断方法：1.主句不完整，从句不完整→名词性从句（连接代词）2.主句不完整，从句完整→名词性从句（连词、连接副词）3.主句完整，从句不完整→定语从句（关系代词）4.主句完整，从句完整→定语从句（关系副词）、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句：（用句子代替名词来做主语）比如汉语中：①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。
②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。
③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。
④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。
基本：三类主语从句的连词（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that / whether / if）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.（你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。
）That she survived the accident is a miracle.（她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。
）这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样，只不过英语中更加重视句子结构，所以把that放在前头，告诉你这个that后面跟的句子（和里面的主谓宾）不影响主句。
whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.（我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别(汇编)
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。
例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。
（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
【高中英语】高考英语备考 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
【高中英语】高考英语备考同位语从句与定语从句的区别
【高中英语】高考英语备考同位语从句与定语从句的区别
未来
高考
一、不同的意思
同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号;
而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来。
如：
他告诉我们的新闻。
我们很高兴听到他告诉我们的消息。
（该从句限制了新闻的内容，也就是说，我们只是因为他告诉了新闻而不是其他新闻而感到高兴，所以该从句是一个定
语从句。
）
二、引导词的不同
What、how、if、whatever等可以引导名词性从句，但不能引导定语从句。
三、引导词的功能上的不同
当它引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，但当它引导定语从句时，它充当关系代词，或者作为定语从句的主语，或者作为定语从句的宾语。
例如，托尔德斯作为被告的对象。
四、被修饰词语的区别
同位语从句修饰数量有限的名词，如希望、愿望、想法、新闻、事实、承诺、意见、
建议、真理等，而定语从句修饰范围广泛的名词。
此外，when和where引导定语从句，它们通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，但不一定引导同位语从句；另一个例子是它导致定
语从句。
它通常只修饰名词的原因，但它不一定会导致同位语从句。
例如：
i’llneverforgetthedayswhenilivedthere..我永远不会忘记我住在那儿的日子。
(定语从句)
wedon’t理解为什么这是最好的选择。
我们不明白为什么这是最好的选择。
（同位语从句）。
英语三大从句类型总结
英语三大从句类型总结英语三大从句类型总结总结是在某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价，从而得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料，他能够提升我们的书面表达能力，因此十分有必须要写一份总结哦。
总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢？下面是小编为大家整理的英语三大从句类型总结，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
英语三大从句类型总结PART1：英语从句三大类型按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.PART2：经典名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
定语从句与同位语从句的比较
定语从句与同位语从句的比较定语从句与同位语从句的比较英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言，但母语者数量是世界第三，仅次于汉语、西班牙语。
它是学习最广泛的第二语言，是近60个主权国家的官方语言或官方语言之一。
下面是店铺为大家收集的定语从句与同位语从句的比较，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。
定语从句与同位语从句的比较之所以会有该两者直接比较的出现，在于我们平时做题的过程中或多或少的出现过同位语与定语从句混淆的情况。
原因在哪里呢？大部分情况在于that。
1.从that的不同来分析（注意比较）1.1当that作为关系代词时，引导定语从句，在句子中充当主语，宾语等相应成分。
并且充当宾语还可以省略。
A.I almost have no magic imagination that this fiction brought to me.我几乎没有这部小说带给我的奇幻想象。
（that在从句中作brought的宾语，充当成分，不能省略）B.At the first day, I booked a kind of magazine that Tom had recommended to me.在第一天，我预定了一种汤姆推荐给我的杂志。
（that 充当从句谓语动词的宾语，代替magazine）1.2当that引导同位语从句时，作为连词的作用，也就是说没有实际意义，当然了连词是不可以省略的。
A.The entertainment news came to me that two film stars hadbecome couples.我得知了这则娱乐新闻，两个电影明星成为了情侣。
（该句中的that没有实际意义，不充当成分）B.The fact can`t be accepted by the fans that we lost the swimming game .这个事实不能被粉丝所接受，我们输掉了游泳比赛。
（that作为连词）2.根据一些名词来判断A.The information that he will come back home is surprising.他要回家的消息是令人惊讶的.（information这类词）B.I got an idea that you were no there.我察觉到了你没有在那儿。
英语八大从句类型与用法总结 有哪些从句
英语八大从句类型与用法总结有哪些从句英语有六种从句类型，分别是主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句。
英语八大从句类型与用法总结有哪些从句1英语从句类型主语从句用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。
表语从句用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词很多都一样。
宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
同位语从句是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系就是同位关系，即主表关系。
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
状语从句可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句。
2英语从句用法1.主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
常见的句型有：2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。
3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
2.宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。
连词that常可省略。
介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。
in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that 引导的宾语从句。
定语从句与同位语从句的区别
定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句和同位语从句都是从句的一种类型，它们在句子中起到不同的语法作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
1. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰一个名词，并且在句子中作为这个名词的定语。
它通常用于对名词进行描述、限定或者补充说明。
定语从句的特点是：- 定语从句通常使用关系代词或关系副词引导，如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- 定语从句紧跟在名词后面，与名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 定语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是引导词在从句中所指代的名词。
以下是一些定语从句的例子：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）- The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.（坐在我旁边的那个女人是我的姐姐。
）2. 同位语从句同位语从句用来说明名词，进一步解释或者补充名词的具体内容。
同位语从句通常由"是"、"为"、"包括"等引导语词引导。
同位语从句的特点是：- 同位语从句通常使用“that”引导，也可以使用“whether”或者“if”引导。
- 同位语从句与其所说明的名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是从句中所表示的具体内容。
以下是一些同位语从句的例子：- The fact that he passed the exam made his parents proud.（他通过了考试这个事实让他的父母感到骄傲。
）- I'm not sure whether she will come to the party.（我不确定她是否会来参加派对。
）3. 虽然定语从句和同位语从句在形式上有一些相似之处，但它们在语法功能和用法上有明显的区别。
定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句
复合句【语法要点】复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。
根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
（一）名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that、if、whether；疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。
1.名词性从句句法结构：2.名词性从句的其它用法：1）if不能引导表语从句。
连接代词who、what、whose、which不能引导同位语从句。
2）有时as、as if/though、because也可以引导表语从句，能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be、seem、look等。
例如：Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上看来的那样。
It looks as if it were going to rain. It is because you eat too much.3）介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。
例如：We can learn what we did not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the .4）连词that引导的名词性从句除能用在except、but、in后之外很少作介词的宾语，。
其它一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步作形式宾语。
例如：He is a good student except that he is careless.You may depend on it that they will support you.5）若主句谓语动词是及物动词make、find、think、see、hear等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。
总结定语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 主语从句的异同
2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：
（注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他）
2.判断时态情况：
1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。
2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。
eg: The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school. A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
宾语从句用作宾语。
如：Do you know where he lives?
定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。
如：The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.
This is the man whom he is looking for. Do you know the girl who is in red? 语
（1）whether从句中有or not
（2）whether从句做介词宾语 Everything depends on whether you agree with us
英语从句最简单通俗易懂
实用标准文案从句名词性从句：就是这个些从句的作用，相当于一个名词，按作用分类分成：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
一、主语从句（名词性从句）：引导词：1、that：万能词2、whether：是否，能否（表示怀疑）3、what：什么，……的东西4、whatever：无论……5、who：谁，（指人）6、whoever：无论谁，任何人7、which：那一个，指代前提提到的东西8、wichever：无论哪一个9、whose：谁的（所有格）10、whom：谁（who的宾格）11、whomever：无论谁，任何人（whoever的宾格）12、how：怎样，用什么方式13、why：为什么14、when：当……时候（表示时间）15、where：在……地点（表示地点）学习心得：从句在复合句中做主语，翻译的时候把一句话，就当一个名词来翻译文档大全．实用标准文案二、宾语从句（名词性从句）：引导词：1、that：万能词（无意思，只是符号，有的时候会省略）2、who：谁，（指人）3、why：为什么4、when：当……时候（表示时间）5、which：那一个，指代前提提到的东西6、what：什么，……的东西7、how：怎样，用什么方式8、whether：是否，能否（表示怀疑）9、if：如果（表示假设）注：放在非谓语动词（动名词）后面的句子也叫做宾语从句。
如：knowing that………………………………三、表语从句（名词性从句）：引导词：1、that：万能词2、whether：是否，能否（表示怀疑）3、what：什么，……的东西4、whatever：无论……5、who：谁，（指人）6、whoever：无论谁，任何人7、which：那一个，指代前提提到的东西8、wichever：无论哪一个文档大全．实用标准文案9、whose：谁的（所有格）10、whom：谁（who的宾格）11、whomever：无论谁，任何人（whoever的宾格）12、how：怎样，（表示方式）13、why：为什么（表示原因）14、when：当……时候（表示时间）15、where：在……地点（表示地点）16、as if：好像，似乎（表示可能）17、as though：好像，仿佛（表示可能）学习心得：用句子表示名词，在句中做表语，引导词跟主语从句一样。
从句语法详讲：主语从句、表语从句、状语从句、定语从句、同位语从句
《高中英语语法详细讲解》主语从句（3-5）、同位语从句（5-9）、表语从句（9-12）、定语从句（12-22）、非限制性定语从句（22-24）、状语从句（24-37）一、名词性从句百科名片在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句高考热点透视1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995)A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It答案D。
当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。
此句也可以改写为：That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001）A．how B．after C．what D．when答案C。
从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
3. He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992）A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid答案：D。
宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构与功能
同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构与功能同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句和定语从句是英语中两种常见的从句结构，它们在语法结构和功能上有着明显的区别。
本文将对同位语从句和定语从句进行比较，并分析其语法结构与功能相关的特点。
一、同位语从句与定语从句的定义1. 同位语从句：同位语从句是位于名词后面，用来解释说明或者补充名词意义的从句。
同位语从句通常由连词“that”引导，有时也可以使用其他连词或者疑问词。
例句1：I have no doubt that he will pass the exam.（同位语从句）例句2：She is worried about whether she can get the job.（同位语从句）2. 定语从句：定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它对先行词进行进一步说明。
定语从句通常由关系代词（如who，which，that）或者关系副词（如when，where，why）引导。
例句3：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（定语从句）例句4：I still remember the day when we first met.（定语从句）二、同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构比较1. 同位语从句的语法结构：主语 + 动词 + 同位语（从句）2. 定语从句的语法结构：先行词 + 关系代词/关系副词 + 谓语 + 其他成分三、同位语从句与定语从句的功能比较1. 同位语从句的功能：（1）同位语从句作为对名词进行解释和补充，起到进一步说明的作用。
例句5：I have a feeling that something bad is going to happen.（同位语从句）例句6：His hope is that he can study abroad next year.（同位语从句）（2）同位语从句可以用来表达说话人的观点、信念等，并引出对于主句的评价或者看法。
从句归纳 区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句
从句小结从句总述：从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。
由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。
1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。
2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。
3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.4. 同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
其关联词多为that。
状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等。
宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：时态、语序、连接词。
一：时态和语序1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。
2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。
语序：宾语从句只能用陈述句语序，坚决不能用疑问句语序。
二：连接词①从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that，if，whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.例句：He told that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.例句：Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句：He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.三：动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记例句：Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.四：可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例句：I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句：I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.五：介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句：We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.六：形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语，更不能带宾语从句。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有哪些不同
同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有哪些不同同位语从句和定语从句的区别有作⽤不同、从句引导词不同、先⾏词在句中的作⽤不同、引导词作⽤不同等。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句形相似⽽实质不同，具体表现在以下⼏个⽅⾯：1)被修饰的词不同：同位语从句的前⾯⼀般是数量有限的、表⽰抽象意义的名词；⽽定语从句的先⾏词是数量⽆数的指⼈或物的普通意义名词。
2)先⾏词（同位语词）在从句的作⽤不同：同位语从句表⽰同位名词的具体内容，从句具有解释和说明先⾏词的作⽤，并且先⾏词在从句中不做任何成分；⽽定语从句是对先⾏词的限制、描绘或说明，先⾏词在从句中做⼀定的成分。
3)引导词不同：what, how, whether等不能⽤于引导定语从句，但可⽤于引导同位语从句。
4)引导词的作⽤不同：引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；⽽引导定语从句的that为关系代词，在从句中充当⼀定的句⼦成分。
5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的基本⽅法（或称⼟办法）：由于同位语从句是⽤以说明和解释被修饰名词的具体内容的，所以它可以转换成同位名词的表语，构成我们所讲过的五种简单句中的 ”主系表结构”: 主语（先⾏词或称同位语词）+表语（同位语从句）；⽽定语从句则不能做这种转换。
同位语从句和定语从句的例句1) The mistakethat he madehas cost great loss to the company.他犯的错误使公司损失惨重。
2) It's a great mistakethat he took the book without permission.他未经允许就拿⾛了那本书，这是⼀个很⼤的错误。
3)We have to do something about the factthat the city centre is overcrowded with vehicles.我们必须对市中⼼车辆拥挤的情况采取些措施。
定语从句、主语从句、同位语从句的区别是什么？
从句归纳 区分定语从句宾语从句同位语从句
从句小结从句总述:从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句与状语从句6类。
由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句。
1、主语从句(Subject Clause):用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。
2、表语从句(Predicative Clause):用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。
3、宾语从句(Object Clause):在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句、宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句与形容词的宾语从句、4、同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
其关联词多为that。
状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句与时间状语从句等。
宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:时态、语序、连接词。
一:时态与语序1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3·主句用过去时,从句就是真理时,只用一般现在时。
语序:宾语从句只能用陈述句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序。
二:连接词①从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether、that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if与whether引导表示“就是否”的宾语从句、例句:He told that he would go to the college the next year她告诉我她下一年上大学、I don’t know if there will be a bus any more、我不知道就是否还会有公交车、②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等、连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述、例句:Do you know who has won Red Alert game?您知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏不?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等、例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again、她没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面、三:动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger、我们都预料她们会赢,因为她们的队员更强壮、I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out、我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了、make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记例句:Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in、在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误、四:可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置、例句:I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day 、我认为每天多喝开水就是有必要的、I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together、我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾、②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to、例句:I hate it when they with their mouths full of food、我讨厌她们满嘴食物时说话、五:介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句:We are talking about whether we admit students into our club、我们正在讨论就是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部、I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company、对于我的新邻居我只知道她曾在一家公司上班,其她一无所知、六:形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语,更不能带宾语从句。
三大从句区别(定从,名词从,状从)
7. The question is who is responsible for what has happened. _________________. 表语从句/宾语从句 8. I don’t think that they will win the game. ___________________. 宾语从句 9. Whatever you do, you must do it well. _____________________. 让步状语从句 10. Whatever I have now will be yours in the future. _________________. 主语从句 11. The book can be of help to whoever wants to do 宾语从句 the job. ________________. 12. It remains doubtful whether this is an important discovery. ________________. 主语从句
三大从句
定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句
• 从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于 某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在 英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句 （包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句， 同位语从句）、定语从句、状语从句
• （包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、 让步、地点、方式等）。
以he walked home all the way. 时间状语从句 _____________. 4. Many people, as you know, are learning foreign 定语从句 languages. _________________. 5. The news that our team has won the game was 同位语从句 true. _________________. 6. It was obvious that you’ve made a big mistake. 主语从句 ________. 7. He will talk to us about what he saw in the school. 宾语从句 _________________. 8. He looks as if he was going to cry. 表语从句 _________________.
定语从句,名词性从句,同位语从句,及其区别
同位语从句
同位语从句定义：
在主从复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中 起同位语的作用。
中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人.例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中. (6) which可作表语,既可指人,以可指物.指人时,一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人.Which引导的定语
The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只 用that,不用which.例如：
We heard the news that our team had won. The idea that he give surprises many people. She made the suggestion that we go by train. This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.
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主语从句专练I. 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。
1. ______ he didn’t attend the meeting yesterday wasn’t quite clear.2. ______ team will win the match is still unknown.3. ______ comes to the party will receive a present.4. ______ Mary has left is still a question.5. It’s reported ______ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.6. ______ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.7. We usually think ______ we can’t get seems better than what we have.8. It is a fact ______ English is being accepted as an international language.9. ______ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn’t been decided.II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。
1. That the old man’s son wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.2. It is reported when China has successfully sent Shenzhou VI spaceship into space.3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.4. Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the whole nation.5. Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.6. Why they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.7. When will win the English competition is still a problem.8. How our spring sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.9. It’s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.III. 选择题1.________ makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD. Whatever2. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. ifD. for3.When and why he came here ________ yet.A. is not knownB. are not knownC. has not knownD. have not known4. ________ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late5. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.A. That…that you had expectedB. What …that you had expectedC. That…what you had expectedD. What…what you had expected6.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.A. If...doB. That...doC. If...doesD. That...does7.It ________ Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. thought thatD. is thought that8.It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. how9.________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Which10.____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.A. What, whatB. What, thatC. That, thatD. That, what11.____ you don't like him is none of my business.A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether12.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where13._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. ThatB. WhyC. HowD. Who14._____ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time we spend on work everyday.A. WhenB. WhyC. WhatD. That15.______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A. HowB. WhatC. WhyD. This16.______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.A. IfB. WhereC. ThatD. What17. _______you come or not is up to you.A. WhatB. IfC. WhyD. Whether18._______wins the gold medal is worth respects from poeople.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybody19._______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.A. WhichB. ThatC. IfD. How20.________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The personC. WhoeverD. Who同位语从句专练I. 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。
1. They expressed the hope _______ they would come over to China soon.2. The fact _______ he didn’t see Tom this morning is true.3. Word has come ____some American guests will come to our college for a visit next week.4. He can’t answer the question _______ he got the money from his home yesterday.5. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom?6. The problem ____we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once.II. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。
1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy.2. I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.3. He must answer the question if he agrees with what she said or not.4. I’ve read the book where you gave me the day before yesterday.5. One of the men held the opinion when what the book said was right.III、选择题1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. why3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. when4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A. whichB. thatC. /D. it5. I have no idea ____ he will start.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. /6. I've come from the government with a message __ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. which7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A. whichB. whetherC. thatD. what9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.A. thatB. asC. of whichD. which10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. when11. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this comingChristmas.(上海春季高考)A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether12. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2014上海春季高考)A. asB. whichC. whatD. that13. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way. (2014北京春季高考)A. itB. thatC. thisD. which14. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB.thatC.whenD.as15. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.A. whatB.thatC.whenD.as定语从句和同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别用适当的词填空1. Mary is no longer the girl __ she used to be.2. Mary is no longer ____ she used to be.3. Kunming is no longer the city ___ it was ten years ago.4. Kunming is no longer ___ it was ten years ago.5. All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.6. ___ is needed is a supply of oil.7. Everything ___ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.8. ___ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.9. Last night I dreamed a dream ___ I passed the entrance examination.10. The dream ___ I dreamed last night was very funny.11. Was it during the Second World ___ he died?12. It was the hour ___ the place was full of job-hunters.13. It was at the theater ___ Lincoln was murdered.14. It was the theater ___ Lincoln was murdered.15. She heard a terrible noise, ___ brought her heart into her mouth.16. She heard a terrible noise. ___ brought her heart into her mouth.17. Is this the museum ___ I visited last week?18. Is this museum ___ I visited last week?19. I’m one of the boys who ___ never late for school.20. I’m the only one of the boys who ___ never late for school.21. Last night I took a taxi, and ___ took me home.22. Last night I took a taxi, ___ took me home.23. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ___ didn’t help.24. It was raining hard, ___ kept us from playing football.25. I often thought of my childhood, ___ I lived on a farm.26. I often thought of my childhood, ___ I spent on a farm.27. This is the place ___ Chairman Mao was born.28. This is the place ___ we are going to visit.29. Tom’s father wo rks at the factory ___ makes shoes.30. August is the month ___ comes after July, before September.31. Make a mark ___ you have any questions.32. Make a mark at the place ___ you have any questions.33. We shall go ___ working conditions are difficult.34. We shall go to the place ___ working conditions are difficult.名词性从句练习题1. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.A. WhenB. WhatC. ThatD. /2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.A. IfB. WhetherC. Even ifD. No matterwhen3. _____ he is doing seems quite difficult.A. HowB. ThatC. WhichD. What4. _____ that there is another good harvest this year.A. It saysB. It is saidC. It was saidD. He was said5. _____ that she has received a doctor’s degree.A. It’s a splendid newsB. This is a splendid newsC. It’s splendid newsD. This is splendid news6. _____ still needs to be discussed.A. How is the plan to be carried outB. How the plan is to be carried outC. Why is the plan carried outD. Why the plan carried out7. _____ is unknown to us all.A. Where did she put itB. Where she put itC. That where she put itD. In which she put it8. _____ nothing to do with us.A. What he did isB. What he has done isC. What did he do hasD. What he has done has9. That‘s _____ the Party called on us to do.A. whatB. thatC. howD. why10. The reason why I have to go is _____ if I don‘t.A. that she will be disappointedB. because she will be disappointedC. on account of her being disappointedD. that she will be disappointing11. It was _____ he worked hard that he succeeded.A. becauseB. sinceC. asD. for12. I have no idea _____.A. what does the word “infinity” meanB. what the word “infinity” meansC. what the meaning of the word “infinity”D. what the word “infinity” mean13. _____ do you think will teach us maths next term？A. WhomB. WhoC. WhatD. That14. Are you sure _____？A. whether she is honestB. that she is honestyC. she is honestD. is she honest15. He often thinks of _____ he can do more for the four modernizations.A. whatB. howC. thatD. which高考链接1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree. [2014全国卷I]A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how2. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand _____ they insist on going by motorbike. [2014全国卷IV]A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. how3. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago. [天津2014]A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where4. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. [上海2014]A. whereB. whatC. thatD. how5. Along with the letter was his promise _____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. [上海2014春]A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether6. A story goes _____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. [上海]A. whenB. whereC. whatD. that7. I think f ather would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. [湖南2014]A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how8. The Foreign Minister said, “______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” [北京2014]A. This isB. There isC. That isD. It is9. We cannot figure out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. [北京2014]A. thatB. asC. whyD. when10. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter _____ I’m ta lking to. [广东2014]A. who is itB. who it isC. it is whoD. it is whom11. ____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江2008)A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who12. ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全国卷Ⅱ)A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which13. ____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. (上海2012 春)A. WhatB. ThatC. ThisD. Which14. The poor young man is ready to accept _________ help he can get. (NMET 2015)A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whenever主语从句专练答案I．1. Why 2. Which 3. Whoever 4. Whether 5. that 6. How 7. what 8.that 9. WhoII．1. That → What 2. when → that 3. If → Whether 4. Whether→ That5. Whatever → Whoever6. Why → How7. When → Who8. How → Whether 9. when → thatIII. 1~5 CBACD 6~10DDCAA 11~15 CBDAC 16~20 BDCAC同位语从句答案I. 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. how 5. what 6. whetherII. 1 that→which 2. how→that 3. if→whether 4. where→that / which或省略where5. when→thatIII. 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA 11-13. BCDBB定语从句和同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别1.that2.what3.that4. what5.that6.What7.that8.What9.that 10.that 11.that 12.when 13.that 14.where 15.which 16.It 17.that 18.the one 19.are 20.is , 21.it 22.which 23.it 24.which 25.when26.which 27.where 28.that 29.that 30.that 31.Where 32.where 33.where 34.where.名词性从句专练答案1-5 CBDBC 6-10 BBDAA 11-15 ABBCB. 高考链接1-5 BAABB 6-10 DCDCB 11-14 CABC Word 资料。