表语从句讲解及专项练习答案
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表语从句讲解及专项练习
概念:表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。
放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”
可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem 等。
★ The trouble is that we are short of money. 困难是我们资金短缺。
★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around NewE ngland fields.
这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。
★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.
当时, 我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
引导表语从句的词:
从属连词that 、whether 、as though 、as if (That 引导表语从句时,在口语中,
间或可以省略。)
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等;
关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 等。
※ 由从属连词that ,whether 引导的表语从句。
that 在引导表语从句时无词义,而whether 有词义,意为、“是否”。这时主句的
主语常常是些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问题),result(结果),chance(可能性),suggestion (建议),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主语的内容具体化。
例如:
★ The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。★ The question is whether we need more ice cream. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
★ The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. 问题是它
作为日常之用太贵重了。
★ What she couldn ' t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。※ 由关系代词引导的表语从句。
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等引导表语从句,在句中作主语、宾语、表语,关系代词不能省略。例如:
★ The question is which of us should go. 问题是我们哪一个应该去。
★ The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作
★ That's what he is worrying about.
那就是他在担心的事。
★ That's what we should do. 那是我们应该做的。
※由关系副词引导的表语从句。
关系副词when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间,地点,方式或原因状语,本身具有词义。
例如:
★Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来
放的地方。
★ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That 's why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣,这是我们淋湿的原因。
★ That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
★ That is what he is worried about. 那就是他所担心的。
※ 由连词because ,as if/as though 等引导的表语从句。
★ It looked as if it was going to snow. 看起来好像要下雪了。
★ That's because we never thought of it. 这是因为我们从未想过此事。
★ It seems as if he didn t know the answer. 好像他不知道答案。
注意
A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B.不可以用if ,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether 。引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时要用whether 。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C.不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D.that 在表语从句中不可以省掉。
基本用法