上海中医药大学针灸学2019年考博真题试卷
《针灸学》试题及答案
《针灸学》试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 针灸学是中医学的重要组成部分，其主要治疗手段不包括以下哪项？A. 针刺B. 艾灸C. 按摩D. 拔罐答案：C2. 在针灸治疗中，被称为“五输穴”的是以下哪组穴位？A. 足三里、合谷、太冲、中冲、关冲B. 肺俞、心俞、肝俞、脾俞、肾俞C. 曲池、足三里、三阴交、太溪、太冲D. 百会、大椎、神门、涌泉、太白答案：C3. 下列哪项不是针灸治疗的适应症？A. 头痛B. 失眠C. 高血压D. 骨折答案：D4. 针灸学中的“得气”是指什么？A. 针感B. 针刺深度C. 针刺角度D. 针刺速度答案：A5. 在针灸治疗中，以下哪个穴位常用于治疗腰痛？A. 合谷B. 足三里C. 肾俞D. 曲池答案：C6. 针灸治疗时，针刺的角度和深度应该如何选择？A. 根据穴位的解剖位置B. 根据患者的年龄和性别C. 根据患者的体重和身高D. 根据治疗的时间和环境答案：A7. 针灸学中的“补法”和“泻法”主要依据什么来决定？A. 患者的体质B. 穴位的位置C. 治疗的时间D. 针刺的手法答案：A8. 下列哪项不是针灸治疗的禁忌症？A. 孕妇腰骶部B. 皮肤感染部位C. 急性传染病D. 疲劳过度答案：D9. 在针灸治疗中，针刺后不宜立即进行的活动是？A. 散步B. 洗澡C. 休息D. 喝水答案：B10. 针灸治疗中，以下哪项不是常用的辅助手法？A. 摇法B. 弹法C. 刮法D. 吸法答案：D二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）11. 针灸治疗的原则是“________”，即在治疗时要根据病情的轻重、患者的体质等因素来决定治疗的手法和强度。
答案：治未病12. 在针灸学中，________是指在针刺过程中，患者感到针下有如鱼吞钩饵的沉紧感，这是针刺得气的表现。
答案：得气13. 针灸治疗时，________是最基本的操作技术，包括提插、捻转等手法。
答案：手法14. 针灸治疗中，________是指在针刺后，将艾绒放在针柄上点燃，通过温热刺激来增强针刺效果的一种方法。
（完整版）针灸学大学真题试卷
（完整版）针灸学大学真题试卷针灸期末考试试卷一、单选题 (本题60个小题,每小题1分,请将答案填写在答题纸上)1.被称为《针经》的著作是( )A：《难经》 B：《素问》 C：《灵枢》 D：《针灸甲乙经》E：《明堂孔穴针灸治要》2.《铜人腧穴针灸图经》的作者是 ( )A：皇甫谧 B：王惟一 C：杨继洲 D：徐凤 E：李时珍3.“阳脉之海”是指( )A：冲脉 B：任脉 C：督脉 D：带脉 E：以上都不是4.手足三阴经穴位之所以能主治头面和五官疾病，主要是由于( )A：表里经之间的相互联系 B：依靠络脉联系 C：腧穴主治的相对特异性D：阴经经别合于阳经而上于头面E：阴阳经通过任督二脉相互联系5.下耳后，入耳中，出耳前的经脉是 ( )A：手阳明大肠经 B：足阳明胃经 C：足太阳膀胱经 D：手少阳三焦经E：足少阳胆经6.督脉的别络的分布特点是( )A：阴经别络走向阳经，阳经别络走向阴经B：阳经别络走向阳经，阴经别络走向阴经 C：散布于胸胁 D：别于鸠尾，散布于腹部 E：别于长强，散布于头7.十二经脉在四肢部的大体分布规律是( )A：阳经是：阳明在前，少阳在中，太阳在后 B：胸腹 C：头、胸、腹D：头、胸、腹、胫 E：脑8.手少阳三焦经循行( )A：至目内外眦，人耳中B：系耳后，出耳上角，入耳中，至目锐眦 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是9.阿是穴是指( )A：经外奇穴以外的穴位 B：经穴以外的穴位 C：病变局部的穴位D：病变部位中心的穴位 E：与病变有关的压痛点或其他反应点10.下列特定穴中除哪项外基本都位于肘膝关节以下( )A：八脉交会穴 B：五输穴 C：十二络穴 D：八会穴 E：原穴11.以下不属于指寸法定位的是( )A：中指同身寸 B：拇指同身寸 C：横指同身寸 D：手指同身寸E：一夫法12.参照动植物命名( )A：光明． B：腕骨 C：天井 D：攒竹 E：日月13.十四经穴也称( )A：经穴 B：天应穴 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是14.耳后两乳突之间的骨度分寸为( )A：9寸 B：8寸 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是15.足阳明胃经的主干线止于( )A：足大趾 B：足次趾 C：足中趾 D：足四趾 E：足小趾16.下列足太阴脾经的循行路线，符合原文的是( )A：起于大趾内侧端 B：上踝，循胫后 C：循股内前廉 D：人腹，属脾络胃E：上夹咽，散舌本17.""从巅至耳上角""的经脉是( )A：足少阳胆经 B：足太阳膀胱经 C：督脉 D：足厥阴肝经E：以上都不对18.下列足太阳膀胱经穴，除哪项外均位于背部距督脉1．5寸的侧线上( )A：膈俞 B：督俞 C：厥阴俞 D：胞肓 E：气海俞19.与冲脉交会最多的经脉是( )A：足阳明胃经 B：任脉 C：足少阴肾经 D：足厥阴肝经 E：阴维脉20.下列经脉中，除哪项外循行均经过""脊""( )A：足少阴经 B：冲脉 C：阳维脉 D：督脉 E：足少阳经21.足少阳胆经阳交穴的位置是( )A：外踝上7寸，腓骨前缘 B：外踝上7寸，外丘穴后1寸处C：外踝尖直上7寸，腓骨后缘 D：外踝上7寸，外丘穴前l寸处E：以上都不对22.治疗月经不调的首选腧穴是( )A：阴陵泉 B：地机 C：公孙 D：三阴交 E：大横23.""从巅入络脑""的经脉是( )A：手阳明大肠经 B：手少阳三焦经 C：足太阳膀胱经 D：足少阴肾经E：手厥阴心包经24.足少阴肾经的腧穴有( )A：44个 B：27个 C：23个 D：67个 E：9个25.腰俞穴归属于( )A：足太阳膀胱经 B：督脉 C：手太阳小肠经 D：足少阴肾经E：足厥阴肝经26.心包经之郄穴( )A：会宗 B：郄门 C：外丘 D：金门 E：水泉27.大肠俞主治( )A：腰腿痛 B：疝气 C：水肿 D：小便频数或不利、遗尿E：带下病、月经不调28.伏兔穴可以治疗( )A：便秘 B：腹泻 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是29.足厥阴肝经循行经过( )A：额、巅 B：颃颡 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是30.水沟位于( )A：人中沟的中点 B：人中沟的上1／3与下2／3的交点处C：人中沟的上2／3与下1／3的交点处 D：人中沟的中1／3与下1／3的交点处 E：以上都不是31.上星至强间的距离是( )A：1寸 B：3寸 C：4寸 D：6寸 E：7寸32.带脉的循行是( )A：出于会阴部 B：行经气冲 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是33.与阳跷脉有关的经穴是( )A：睛明 B：承泣 C：两者均是 D：两者均不是34.足少阴络脉病候是( )A：心痛 B：阴部暴痒 C：一身尽痛 D：二便不通 E：不能言语35.在华佗夹脊穴中，治疗胸部疾患的是( )A：胸1到胸5夹脊穴B：胸1到胸6夹脊穴C：胸1到胸7夹脊穴D：胸l到胸8夹脊穴 E：胸1到胸9夹脊穴36.神阙穴归属于( )A：任脉 B：督脉 C：足阳明胃经 D：足太阴脾经 E：经外奇穴37.最早的针刺工具是( )A：砭石 B：骨针 C：青铜针 D：金针 E：银针38.中风脱证时可选用( )A：隔姜灸 B：隔蒜灸 C：隔盐灸 D：隔附子饼灸 E：以上都不对39.隔姜灸可用于治疗( )A：风寒痹痛 B：肿疡初起 C：阳痿早泄 D：便秘 E：中风脱证40.用于治疗局部皮肤麻木、疼痛或功能减退等疾患，可首选( )A：留罐法 B：走罐法 C：闪罐法 D：刺血拔罐法 E：留针拔罐法41.“刺之要，气至而有效”出自( )A：《灵枢·经脉》 B：《灵枢·九针十二原》 C：《难经》D：《针灸甲乙经》 E：《千金方》42.针刺环跳时宜选( )A：指切进针法 B：夹持进针法 C：提捏进针法 D：舒张进针法E：单手进针法43.电针仪最大输出电压为40V以上时，最大输出电流应限制在( )A：1．5rnA以内 B：2mA以内 C：1mA以内 D：10mA以内 E：10mA以上44.治疗瘫痪宜选用( )A：疏波 B：密波 C：疏密波 D：断续波 E：锯齿波45.从头部经外奇穴前神聪至颞部胆经悬厘引一斜线是( )A：额中线 B：顶中线 C：顶颞前斜线 D：顶颞后斜线 E：颞前线46.耳穴中“耳尖”穴在耳轮( )A：5、6区交界处 B：4、5区交界处 C：6、7区交界处 D：3、4区交界处 E：7、8区交界处47.位于耳甲的是( )A：与头面相应的耳穴 B：与上肢相应的耳穴 C：与下肢相应的耳穴D：与内脏相应的耳穴 E：与躯干相应的耳穴48.下列不属于络穴的是( )A：肺经--列缺 B：心包经--内关 C：肝经--蠡沟 D：肾经--复溜E：膀胱经--飞扬49.心经络穴为( )A：支正 B：光明 C：通里 D：飞扬 E：支沟50.下列哪项不是治疗面痛的主穴( )A：攒竹、四白 B：下关、地仓 C：合谷 D：风池 E：翳风51.治疗少阳头痛在主穴的基础上配 ( )A：印堂、攒竹、合谷、内庭 B：天柱、后溪、申脉 C：四神聪、太冲、内关 D：率谷、外关、足临泣 E：曲池、合谷、内关52.漏肩风当疼痛以肩前部为主时，治疗应在主方的基础上加( )A：合谷 B：关冲 C：外关 D：列缺 E：后溪53.中风中经络的针灸基本处方为( )A：内关、人中、三阴交、极泉、尺泽、委中B：百会、神阙、关元、足三里、内关C：气海、关元、丰隆、委中、三阴交 D：神门、内关、大陵、三阴交、足三里E：神阙、关元、委中、太溪、昆仑54.治疗心悸的主穴是( )A：百会、内关、合谷、手三里、脾俞B：内关、郄门、神门、厥阴俞、巨阙C：人中、印堂、外关、三阴交、心俞 D：心俞、肝俞、内关、极泉、神门E：肝俞、脾俞、天池、太溪、三阴交55.肺痨兼见肾阴亏虚者，治疗除主穴外，应加( )A：肾俞、三阴交 B：复溜、合谷 C：鱼际、孔最 D：内关E：中脘、脾俞56.以半身不遂，兼见肢体软弱，偏身麻木，手足肿胀，面色淡白，气短乏力，心悸自汗，舌暗，苔白腻，脉细涩为主症的中风，针灸治疗可在基本处方的基础上再加( )A：内庭、丰隆 B：足三里、气海 C：丰隆、合谷 D：太冲、太溪E：太溪、三阴交57.治疗湿热袭络型痿证，在基本处方的基础上再加( )A：尺泽、肺俞、二间 B：阴陵泉、大椎、内庭 C：太白、中脘、关元D：太溪、肾俞、肝俞 E：足三里、三阴交58.癫证哭笑无常者，应在主穴方的基础上加( )A：心俞、脾俞 B：行间、膻中 C：足三里、三阴交 D：中脘、阴陵泉E：间使、百会59.肝肾亏虚型郁证，在主穴方的基础上加( )A：太溪、三阴交、肝俞、肾俞 B：曲泉、膻中、期门C：通里、心俞、三阴交、太溪 D：心俞、脾俞、足三里、三阴交E：行间、侠溪、外关60.哮喘病程长，反复发作或当哮喘间歇期，哮喘声低气怯，气息短促，体质虚弱。
上海中医药大学中医内科学2019年考博真题试卷
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上海中医药大学
2019年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：中医内科学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、名词解释，共10分
1.证，症，病的概念
2.异法方宜
3.呷嗽
4.气利
5.脑风
二、类证鉴别，共20分
1.癃与闭
2.中脏腑与中经络
病案分析
3.战汗与脱汗
4.泻安表里与开通里表
5.噎膈
三、简答题，共20分
1.如何理解水肿治疗的“开鬼门”“洁净府”“去莞陈侳”
2.痹症的证治要点
四、论述题，共30分
1.历代医家对于眩晕的病名，病因病机，证治的主要论述
2.心悸日久会产生哪些变证，ຫໍສະໝຸດ 理如何五、病案分析，共20分
陈某，男性，46岁，胃脘胀痛，每与情绪不稳而加重，大便欠畅，脉弦苔薄白
针灸学试题及答案
针灸学试题及答案一、选择题1. 针灸学是研究什么的学科？A. 针灸治疗的学科B. 针灸操作的学科C. 针灸理论的学科D. 针灸实践的学科答案：A2. 以下哪个穴位不属于手太阴肺经？A. 肺俞B. 尺泽C. 合谷D. 列缺答案：C3. 针灸治疗中，以下哪种操作属于补法？A. 快速进针，快速出针B. 缓慢进针，缓慢出针C. 针尖向下，快速旋转D. 针尖向上，缓慢旋转答案：B二、填空题4. 针灸学中的“三阴交”穴位位于_______。
答案：小腿内侧，当内踝尖上三寸，胫骨内侧缘后5. 针灸治疗中常用的手法之一“提插法”是指_______。
答案：针刺入穴位后，上下提插的动作三、简答题6. 简述针灸治疗的原理。
答案：针灸治疗的原理主要是通过刺激人体特定的穴位，调整人体的气血和经络，从而达到治疗疾病的目的。
7. 针灸治疗中，如何确定穴位的准确位置？答案：确定穴位的准确位置通常有以下几种方法：①解剖标志法，根据解剖结构确定穴位；②骨度分寸法，根据人体骨骼的比例来确定穴位；③指压法，通过按压寻找穴位的敏感点；④经验法，根据临床经验和传统知识来确定。
四、论述题8. 论述针灸治疗在现代医疗中的地位和作用。
答案：针灸治疗作为传统中医的重要组成部分，在现代医疗中占有重要地位。
它不仅能够治疗多种疾病，如疼痛、消化系统疾病、神经系统疾病等，还具有调节机体功能、增强免疫力等作用。
同时，针灸治疗因其副作用小、操作简便、成本低廉等优点，在世界范围内得到了广泛的应用和认可。
五、案例分析题9. 患者，男性，45岁，因长期工作压力大，出现失眠症状，请求进行针灸治疗。
请分析可能的治疗方案。
答案：针对该患者的情况，可能的针灸治疗方案包括：选择心俞、肝俞等与情绪调节相关的穴位进行刺激，以缓解精神压力；同时，可以选择神门、三阴交等穴位，以安神助眠。
治疗时，可采用平补平泻的手法，根据患者的具体情况调整针刺的深度和留针时间。
六、计算题10. 若某穴位的定位为“内踝尖上三寸”，若以患者的手指宽度为一寸，患者食指宽度为1.5厘米，请计算该穴位的具体位置。
中医博士考试试卷
中医博士考试试卷一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 中医理论体系中，“五行”学说中“木”对应的季节是：A. 春B. 夏C. 秋D. 冬2. 以下哪项不是中医“四诊”的内容：A. 望B. 闻C. 问D. 摸3. 中医中“气”的概念，主要指的是：A. 呼吸的空气B. 生命活动的基本物质C. 食物中的营养成分D. 身体中的水分4. 以下哪个不是中医“八法”中的治疗方法：A. 汗B. 吐C. 下D. 补5. 根据中医理论，以下哪项不是影响“肝气”的因素：A. 情绪B. 饮食C. 环境D. 遗传6. 中医认为“脾”的主要功能是：A. 疏泄B. 运化C. 储藏D. 排泄7. 以下哪个是中医“三焦”理论中的“中焦”：A. 心B. 脾C. 肺D. 肾8. 中医理论中，以下哪项不是“五脏”：A. 心B. 肺C. 肾D. 胆9. 中医中“肾”的功能主要是指：A. 呼吸B. 消化C. 生殖D. 排泄10. 中医中“痰”的概念主要指的是：A. 呼吸道分泌物B. 体内湿气的凝聚C. 血液D. 尿液二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 请简述中医“阴阳”学说的基本理论及其在中医诊断和治疗中的应用。
2. 描述中医“五行”学说中的相生相克规律，并举例说明其在中医治疗中的应用。
3. 请解释中医中的“气”、“血”、“津液”三者之间的关系及其在人体健康中的作用。
三、案例分析题（每题25分，共50分）1. 患者，男，45岁，主诉：长期工作压力大，最近出现头晕、失眠、记忆力减退等症状。
请根据中医理论分析可能的病因，并给出相应的治疗建议。
2. 患者，女，35岁，主诉：月经不调，经期腹痛，面色苍白，舌质淡，脉细。
请根据中医理论分析其可能的病理变化，并给出相应的治疗建议。
四、论述题（共30分）请论述中医的整体观念在现代健康管理中的应用及其意义。
五、附加题（10分，选做）请结合个人经验，谈谈中医在现代疾病预防和治疗中的作用。
【注】：本试卷为模拟试卷，旨在考察考生对中医基本理论、诊断方法、治疗原则的掌握程度以及应用能力。
医博士中医试题及答案
医博士中医试题及答案中医学作为我国传统医学的重要分支，具有悠久的历史和深厚的理论基础。
如今，中医学已经成为医学领域的重要组成部分，在医博士考试中也占据了重要地位。
本文将为大家提供几道医博士中医试题，并附上详细的答案解析，希望能够帮助广大考生更好地备战医博士考试。
题目一：针灸是中医学的重要治疗手段，下列关于针灸的说法中错误的是：A. 针灸是通过刺激人体穴位，调整气血运行来达到治疗疾病的目的。
B. 针灸可以改善人体的免疫功能，提高机体抵抗力。
C. 针灸只适用于某些特定类型的疾病，对于其他疾病无效。
D. 针灸可以缓解疼痛，改善患者的生活质量。
答案解析：选项C中的说法是错误的。
针灸并非只适用于某些特定类型的疾病，它在治疗很多疾病上都具有独到的疗效。
针灸可以通过刺激穴位，调节人体的气血运行，从而达到治疗疾病的目的；同时，针灸还可以改善人体的免疫功能，提高机体的抵抗力；此外，针灸还可以缓解疼痛，改善患者的生活质量。
题目二：中医药理论中的“五脏六腑”是指：A. 心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胆B. 心、肝、胃、肺、肾、胆C. 脾、肝、胃、肺、肾、胆D. 心、肝、脾、胃、肾、胆答案解析：选项D中的说法是正确的。
中医药理论中的“五脏六腑”分别指的是心、肝、脾、胃、肾、胆。
中医认为，人体的脏腑器官相互关联，共同构成了一个整体，对人体的生理和病理起着重要的调节作用。
题目三：中医学的“四诊法”指的是：A. 望、闻、问、切B. 望、听、问、切C. 望、闻、问、摸D. 观、闻、问、切答案解析：选项A中的说法是正确的。
中医学的“四诊法”指的是望、闻、问、切。
中医医生在诊断疾病时，通过观察患者的面色、舌苔等外部表现（望）、听取患者的呼吸、声音等身体感觉（闻）、询问患者的症状、病史等（问）、以及通过脉搏等方式判断患者的体质和病情（切），来综合判断疾病的病情和治疗方法。
题目四：中医药学中，药物治疗的基本原则是：A. 寒热并用，阴阳平衡B. 攻补兼施，病因治疗C. 以药克药，活血化瘀D. 一药兼顾，调理气血答案解析：选项B中的说法是正确的。
近5年 中医基础理论考博真题
2016—2020年中医基础理论考博真题上海中医药大学中医基础理论2019年考博真题试卷名词解释(5题，每题4分，共20分)1.土爱稼穑2，阴病治阳3.审证求因4.湿性黏滞5.塞因塞用论述题(5题，每题8分，共40 分)1.营气与卫气有何异同，营卫失和的临床表现2.水湿痰饮的区别与联系3.何为十二经脉的表里关系?其特点与其意义如何?4.外燥与内燥的异同5.脾与精，气，血，津液的生理联系湖南中医药大学2018年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试考试科目:中医基础理论注意:所有答案-律写在答题纸上。
写在试题纸上或其他地方--律不给分。
、名词解释1.肝主疏泄2.肺主治节3.循经取穴4. 内生五邪5.塞因塞用6.阴病治阳7.精血同源8. 心肾不交二、简答题1. 脾胃的关系。
2. 饮的分类。
3. 药邪的形成及致病特点。
4.风邪致病的特点。
5.心主神明与脑主神明的认识。
6. 三焦的认识。
7.脏腑之别。
山东中医药大学中医基础理论2018年考博真题考试科目:中医基础理论注意:所有答案-律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一-律不给分。
论述题: .1.试述心与肾的关系。
2.《内经》中津液的产生与输布。
3.如何理解冲为血海。
4.火热内生的临床表现及致病因素。
5.体质的概念及形成因素。
6.如何理解大实有赢状，至虚有盛候。
7.试述”阴病治阳，阳病治阴”与”阴中求阳，阳中求阴”有何异同?8.试述湿邪致病特点，及与外湿有何异同?9.谈谈对益火补土法的认识及临床中的应用。
山东中医药大学中医基础理论考博真题1.风邪性质和致病特征，为什么说风为百病之长?2.从病机转化角度说明寒证转化为热证的转变形式?3.虚实的病机机制?2018年山东中医药大学博士考试中医基础理论试题1.试述心与肾的关系。
2.《内经》中津液的产生与输布。
3.如何理解冲为血海。
4.火热内生的临床表现及致病因素。
5.体质的概念及形成因素。
6.如何理解大实有羸状，至虚有盛候。
上海中医药大学中医基础理论2011--2019年考博真题
上海中医药大学
2011年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：中医基础理论
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、名解 4分 8个总32分
罢极之本、阴病治阳、脾主升清、五行制化、
乙葵（没有草头，原字打不出）同源、用热远热、上焦如雾、十二皮部、
二、单选题2分 10个 20分
1、行于腹部的经脉
2、入耳的经脉
3、肝经，经胁部
4、气化：汗血的生成
5、心主血脉，表现于舌，面---与睡眠关系？
6、阴阳互根
7、木火刑金，属于五行相侮？
8、9、10没能能记下
三、论述8分 6个共48分
1、以虚实论阴阳失调
2、肝火上炎，肝阳上亢之别与联系
3、阴阳偏衰的区别，联系
4、阴阳互根解释
5、十二经脉在四肢，头面，躯干的分布
6、脏腑之别解释及临床意义。
第1页共1页。
医学考博2019真题
Listening ：无Vocabulary ：Section A31. According to the Geneva ______no prisoners of war shall be subject to abuse.A. CustomsB. CongressesC. ConventionsD. Routines 32. Environmental officials insist that something be done to ______acid rain.A. curbB. sueC. detoxifyD. condemn33. It is impossible to say how it will take place, because it will happen______, and itwill not be a long process.A. spontaneouslyB. simultaneouslyC. principallyD. approximately34. Diabetes is one of the most______ and potentially dangerous disease in the world.A. crucialB. virulentC. colossalD. prevalent35. Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medicalhelp to ______the problem.A. affiliateB. alleviateC. aggravateD. accelerate36. How is it possible that such______ deception has come to take place right underour noses?A. obviousB. significantC. necessaryD. widespread37. Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from______on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.A. configurationB. constitutionC. condemnationD. contamination38. Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have ______effects onbones.A. adverseB. prevalentC. instantD. purposeful39. Generally, vaccine makers _____ the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a processthat can take four to six months.A. penetrateB. designateC. generateD. exaggerate40. We are much quicker to respond, and we respond far too quickly by giving ______to our anger.A. ventB. impulseC. temperD. offenceSection B41. The patient's condition has worsened since last night.A. improvedB. returnedC. deterioratedD. changed42. Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at nightwhen it ’s lit up.A. decoratedB. illustratedC. illuminatedD. entertained43. Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problemof traffic congestion.A. amelioratedB. aggregatedC. deterioratedD. duplicated44. The applications of genetic engineering are abundant and choosing oneappropriate for this case can be rather difficult.A. sufficientB. plentifulC. adequateD. countable45. The defect occurs in the first eight weeks of pregnancy, though no one understandswhy.A. deficitB. deviationC. draw backD. discrepancy46. He has been on hormone alternate therapy for four years and looks fantastic.A. successorB. replacementC. surrogateD. choice47. It had over 2,000 apartment complexes, a great market, a large number ofindustrial workshops, an administrative center, a number of massive religious edifices,and a regular grid pattern of streets and buildings.A. ancientB. carefullyC. very largeD. carefully protected48. When patients spend extended periods in hospital, they tend to become overlydependent and lose interest in taking care of themselves.A. extremelyB. exclusivelyC. exactlyD. explicitly49. The anxious parent was vigilant over the injured child in spite of a full array ofemergency room of doctors and nurses.A. preoccupiedB. unwaryC. watchfulD. dozing50. The doctor vacillated so frequently on disease-preventiontechniques that hiscolleagues accused him of inconsistency.A. waveredB. instigatedC. experimentedD. reliedClozeWe spend a lot of time looking at the eyes of others for social 51 —it helpsus understand a person ’emotions, and make decisions about how to respond to them. We also know that adults avoid eye contact when anxious. But researchers have knownfar 52 about eye gazing patterns in children.According to new research by Kalina Michalska, assistant professor of psychologyat the University of California, Riverside, we now, know that anxious children tend toavoid making eye contact, and this has consequences for how they experience fear. The53 and less frequently they look at the eyes of others, the more likely they are to beafraid of them, even when there may be no reason to be. Her study, “Anxiety Sympand Children's Eye Gaze During Fear Leaming”w,as published in the journal TheJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry."Looking at someone ’s eyes helps us understand whether a person is feeling sad, angry, fearful, or surprised. As adults, we then make decisions about how to respondand what to do next. But, we know much less about eye patterns in children —so,understanding those patterns can help us learn more about the development of sociallearning, ”Michalska said.Michalska and the team of researchersshowed 82 children, 9 to 13 years old,images of two women ’s faces on a computer screen. The computer was equipped withan eye tracking device that allowed them to measure54 on the screen children werelooking, and for how long. The participants were originally shown each of the twowomen a total of four times. Next, one of the images was55 with a loud scream anda fearful expression, and the other one was not. At the end, children saw both facesagain without any sound or scream.The following three conclusions can be drawn from the study:1. All children spent more time looking at the eyes of a face that was paired withthe loud scream t han the face that was not paired with the scream, 56 they payattention to potential threats even in the absence of outward cues.2. Children who were more anxious avoided eye contact during all three phases of the experiment, for both kinds of faces. This had consequences for how afraid they wereof the faces.3. The more children avoided eye conta；cthe more afraid they were 57 the faces.The conclusions suggest that children spend more time looking at the eyes of aface when previously paired with something frightening suggesting they pay moreattention to potentially threatening information as a way to learn more about thesituation and plan what to do next.However, anxious children tend to avoid making eye contact, which leads togreater 58 experience. Even though avoiding eye contact may reduce anxiety59 , the study finds that — over time — children may be m i s s6i n0g_ o i m u p t ortantsocial information. This includes that a person may no longer be threatening or scary,and yet the child continues feeling fearful of that person.51. A. environment B. cues C. relations D. answers52. A. less B. more C. enough D. beyond53. A. longer B. more anxious C. shorter D. more54. A. where B. when C. how D. what55. A. followed B. recorded C. paired D. marked56. A. suggest B. suggesting C. suggests D. being suggested57. A. to B. of C.at D. about58. A. fear B. surprise C. sad D. angry59. A. in the long run B. for a long timeC. in the short timeD. in a long time60. A. with B. without C. of D. onReading ComprehensionPassage OneThe British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parentsduring the sensitive “attachment p”e riod from birth to three may scar a child ’s personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby' s work that children shouldnot be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separationit entails, and many people do believe this. It has been argued that an infant under threewho is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.But traditional societies are so different from modem societies that comparisonsbased on just one factor are hard to interpret. Firstly, anthropologists point out that theinsulated love affair between children and parents found in modem societies does notusually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as theNgoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone —far from i Certainty, Bowlby ’s analysis raises the possibilities that early day care had delayedeffects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime15 or 20 years later can only explored by the use of statistics. However, statisticalstudies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the resultswould certainly be complicated and controversial. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children hadproblems with it. Thirdly, in the last decade, t here have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children ’s development.Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effectsdifficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parentsand show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children findthe transition to nursery eas，yand this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experienceand available evidence indicate early care is reasonable for infants.61. According to the passage, the consequence of parental separation________.A. still needs more statistical studiesB. has been found negative is more seriousC. is obviousD. in modem times62. The author thinks that John Bowlby ’s concern___________.A. is relevant and justifiableB. is too strong to RelieveC. is utterly groundlessD. has something that deserve our attention63. What ’s the result of American studies of children in day care in the last decade?A. The children ’s unhappiness and protest was due to the day care the children received.B. The bad effects of parental separation were hard to deal with.C. The effect of day care was not necessarily negative on children ’s development.D. Early care was reasonable for babies since it ’p sracti c ed by so many peoplenowadays.64. According to the passage, which of the following is probably a reason forparents to send their children under three to day care?A. They don ’t know about day care ’s negative effect.B. They are too busy to care fortheir children.C. They want their children to be independent as early as possible.D. They want to facilitate their children to adapt to nursery at the age of about three.65. What ’s the author ’s attitude to people who have drawn the conclusion fromBowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age ofthree?A. He supports most of their belief because Bowlby's proposition is well-grounded.B. He is sympathetic for them, for he thinks they have been misled by Bowlby.C. He doesn't totally agree with them, since the long-term effect of day care still needsfurther study.D. He doesn't quite understand them, as they are contradictory in themselves.Passage TwoBy the end of this century, the average world temperature is expected to increasebetween one and four degrees, with widespread effects on rainfall, sea levels and animalhabitats. But in the Arctic, where the effects of climate change are most intense, the risein temperature could be twice as much.Understanding how Arctic warming will affect the people, animals, plant andmarine life and economic activity in Canada’N sort h are important to the country's future, says Kent Moore, an atmospheric physicist at University of Toronto Mississaugawho is participating in a long-term, international study of the marine ecosystem alongthe Beaufort Sea, from Alaska to the Mackenzie delta.The study will add to our knowledge of everything from the extent of sea ice inthe region to how fish stocks will change to which areas could become targets for oiland gas exploration to the impact on the indigenous people who call this part of thecountry home.Moore, who has worked in the Arctic for more than 20 years, says his research hasalready found that thinning sea ice and changes in wind patterns are causing animportant change in the marine food chain: phytoplankton（淳游植物） is blooming two to three weeks earlier. Manyanimals time their annual migration to the Arctic forwhen food is plentiful, and have not adapted to the earlier bloom. " ' Animals' behaviorcan evolve over a long time, but these climate changes are happening in the space of adecade, r ather than hundreds of years, ”says Moore, " Animals can't change theirbehavior that quickly. ”A warmer Arctic is expected to have important effects on human activity in theregion, as the Northwest Passage becomes navigable during the summer, and resourceextraction becomes more feasible. Information gained from the study will helpgovernment, industry and communities make decisions about resource management,economic development and environmental protection.Moore says the study — which involves Canadian, American and Europeanresearchersand government agencies will also use a novel technology to gatheratmospheric data: remotely piloted drones. "The drones have the capability of a largeresearch aircraft，and they ’re easier to deploy, ” he says, showing the researchers to gather information on a more regular basis than they would be able to with pilotedaircraft.66. By the end of this century, according to the author, global warming will ______.A. start to bring about extreme weather events to humans and animalsB. increase the average world temperature by four degreesC. cause more damages to the whole world than expectedD. affect the Arctic more than any other parts of the earth67. To help understand the destructive mechanism of Arctic warming, as indicatedby the passage, the international study ______.A. is conducted with every single discipline of University of TorontoB. pioneers in pursuing the widespread effects of climate changeC. involves so many countries for different investigationsD. is intended to deal with various aspects in research68. When he ways, “Animals can ’t change their behavior that quickly, ”what doesMoore mean by that quickly?A. The migration of the animals to the Arctic.B. The widespread effects of global warming.C. The rate of the climate change in the Arctic.D. The phytoplankton within the marine ecosystem.69. According to the author, to carry out proper human activities in theArctic______.A. becomes more difficult than ever beforeB. is likely to build a novel economy in the regionC. will surely lower the average world temperatureD. needs the research-based supporting information70. With the drones deployed, as Moore predicts, the researchers will _______.A. involve more collaborating countries than they do nowB. get more data to be required for their researchC. use more novel technologies in researchD. conduct their research at a regular basisPassage ThreeHaving too much caffeine during pregnancy may impair baby ’s liver development and increase the risk of liver disease in adulthood, according to a study published in theJournal of Endocrinology. Pregnant rats given caffeine had offspring with lower birth weights, altered growth and stress hormonelevels and impaired liver development. Thestudy findings indicate that consumption of caffeine equivalent to 2-3 cups of coffee may alter stress and growth hormone levels in a manner that can impair growth and development, and increase the risk of liver disease in adulthood.Previous studies have indicated that prenatal caffeine intake of 300 mg/day ormore in women, which is approximately 2 to 3 cups coffee per day, can result in lower birth weights of their children. Animalstudies have further suggestedthat prenatalcaffeine consumption may have more detrimental long-term effects on liverdevelopment with an increased susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, adebilitating condition normally associated w ith obesity and diabetes. However, theunderlying link between prenatal caffeine exposure and impaired liver developmentremains poorly understood. A better understanding of how caffeine mediates theseeffects could help prevent these health issues in people in the future.In this study, Prof Hui Wang and colleagues at Wuhan University in China,investigated the effects of low (equivalent to 2-3 cups of coffee) and high dose(equivalent of 6-9 cups of coffee) caffeine, given to pregnant rats, on liver function andhormone levels of their offspring. Offspring exposed to prenatal caffeine had lower levels of the liver hormone, insulin likegrowth factor (IGF-1), and higher levels of thestress hormone, corticosteroid at birth. However, liver development after birth showed a compensatory 'catch up' phase, characterised by increased levels of IGF-1, which is important for growth.Dr. Yinxian Wen, study co-author, says, “Our results indicate that prenatal caffeine causes an excess of stress hormone activity in the mother, which inhibits IGF-1 activityfor liver development before birth. However, compensatory mechanisms do occur after birth to accelerate growth and restore normalliver function, as IGF-1 activity increasesand stress hormone signalling decreases. The increased risk of fatty liver disease causedby prenatal caffeine exposure is most likely a consequence of this enhanced,compensatory postnatal IGF-1 activity. ”These findings not only confirm that prenatal caffeine exposure leads to lowerbirth weight and impaired liver development before birth but also expand our currentunderstanding of the hormonal changes underlying these changes and suggest thepotential mechanism for increased risk of liver disease in the future. However, theseanimal findings need to be confirmed in humans.Dr. Wen comments, "Our work suggeststhat prenatal caffeine is not good for babies and although these findingsstill need to be confirmed in people, I wouldrecommend that women avoid caffeine during pregnancy."71. Which of the following is NOT the problem of baby rats of pregnant rats givencaffeine?A. Lower birth weight.B. Smaller stress.C. Liver development problem.D. Growth problem.72. If a pregnant woman takes 3 cups of coffee, what will probably happen?A. Her weight will get lower and lower.B. The weight of her baby will get lower and lower.C. She will suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a long run.D. Her baby will be more vulnerable to obesity and diabetes because of liver problem.73. Which of following is not correct according to the passage?A. A better understanding of the relationship between caffeine and effects has beenachieved.B. 4-5 cups of coffee could be categorized as medium-dose intake.C. Liver development problem may be remedied after birth by increased growth factor.D. The study is mainly conducted on the rats instead of human.74. What is the relationship between stress hormone and liver development whentaking in prenatal caffeine?A. Lower stress hormone, lower birth weight before birth.B. Higher stress hormone, lower growth hormone before birth.C. Higher stress hormone, more accelerated growth of weight after birth.D. Lower stress hormone, less accelerated growth of liver after birth.75. What can be the best summary of the last paragraph?A. The research hasn ’t been done on humans so pregnant women can ignore the results.B. The compensatory mechanism for liver growth makes prenatal caffeine intake safe.C. Experts suggest pregnant women should still avoid caffeine.D. We have known enough about the hormone changes underlying the healthPassage FourThe bizarre antics of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists, and fascinated writers for centuries. There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers.Persons have been said to climb on steep roofs, solve mathematical problems, composemusic, walk through plate-glass windows, and commit murder in their sleepHow many of these stories have a basis in fact, and how many are pure fakery?No one knows, but if some of the most sensational stories should be taken with a barrelof salt, others are a matter of record.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred policemen combed a waterfrontneighborhood for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours lateron a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had got there.There is an early medical record of a somnambulist who wrote a novel in his sleep.And the great French writer V oltaire knew a sleepwalker who once got out of bed,dressed himself, made a polite bow, danced a minuet, and then undressed and went backto bed.At the University of Iowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting upin the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back tohis room to bed.The world's champion sleepwalker was supposed to have been an Indian, PanditRamrakha, who walked sixteen miles along a dangerous road without realizing that hehad left his bed. Second in line for the title is probably either a Vienna housewife or a British farmer. The woman did all her shopping on busy streets in her sleep. The farmer,in his sleep, visited a veterinarian miles away.The leading expert on sleep in America claims that he has never seen a sleepwalker.He is Dr. Nathaniel Kleitman, a physiologist at the University of Chicago. He is said toknow more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five yearshad lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. Says he, "Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers becauseI have read about them in the newspapers. B ut none of mysleepers ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, Idoubt that I'd get many takers."Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. Like hypnosis, it is one of thosedramatic, eerie, awe-inspiring phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic. Itlends itself to controversy and misconceptions, what is certain about sleepwalking isthat it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, and that the only way to cure it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. Doctors say that somnambulism is muchmore common than is generally supposed.Some have estimated that there are fourmillion somnambulists in the United States. Others set the figure even higher. Manysleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, which means that anaccurate count can never be made.The simplest explanation of sleepwalking is that it is the acting out of a vividdream. The dream usually comes from guilt, worry, nervousness, o r some otheremotional conflict. The classic sleepwalker is Shakespeare ’L asdy Macbeth. Hernightly wanderings were caused by her guilty conscience at having committed murder. Shakespeare said of her, “The eyes are open but their sense is shut. ”The age-old question is: Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep. Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. Like Lady Macbeth, he has weightyproblems on his mind. Dr. Zeida Teplitz, who made a ten-year study of the subject, says, “Some people stay awake all night worrying about t heir problems. The sleepwalker thrashes them out in his sleep. He is awake in the muscular area, partially asleep in the sensory area." In other words, a person can walk in his sleep, move around, and do other things, but he does not think about what he is doing.76. The second sentence in the second paragraph means that_________.A. no one knows, but certainly all the sleep walking stories have something incredibleB. the sleepwalking stories are like salt adding flavor to people ’s lifeC. sleepwalking stories that are most fantastic should be sorted out from ordinary storiesD. the most fantastic sleepwalking stories may be just fictions, yet there are stilltruthfully recorded stories77. ________was supposed to be the world's champion sleepwalker.A. The student habitually walked to the Iowa River and swam in his sleepB. The man danced a minuet in his sleepC. The man walker sixteen miles along a dangerous roadD. The boy walked five hours in his sleep78. Sleepwalking is the result of ______ according to the passage.A. emotional disorderB. a vivid dreamC. lack of sleep and great anxietyD. insanity79. Dr. Zeida Teplitz seemed to_________.A. agree that sleepwalking sometimes leads to dangerous actsB. conclude that sleepwalkers are awake in their sensory areaC. disagree with the belief that sleep walkers are immune to injuryD. think that sleepwalking can turn into madness80. The writer makes it obvious that_________.A. sleepwalkers are often awakened by dangersB. most sleepwalkers can find ways to avoid self-injuryC. it is important to find out the underlying cause of sleepwalkingD. sleepwalking is actually a kind of hypnosisPassage FiveBeyond the basic animal instincts to seek food and avoid pain, Freud identifiedtwo sources of psychic energy, which he called "drives ”: aggression and libido. The keto his theory is that these were unconscious drives, shaping our behavior without themediation of our waking minds; they surface, heavily disguised, only in our dreams.The work of the past half-century in psychology and neuroscience has been to downplaythe role of unconscious universal drives, focusing instead on rational processesinconscious life. But researchers have found evidence that Freud s drives really do exist,and they have their roots in the limbic system, a primitive part of the brain that operatesmostly below the horizon of consciousness.Now more commonly referred to as emotions, the modem suite of drives comprises five: rage, panic, separation distress,lust and a variation on libido sometimes called seeking.The seeking drive is proving a particularly fruitful subject for researchers.Although like the others it originates in the limbic system, it also involves parts of theforebrain, the seat of higher mental functions. In the 1980s, Jaak Panksepp, aneurobiologist at Bowling Green State University in Ohio, became interested in a placenear the cortex known as the ventraltegmental area, which in humans lies just abovethe hairline. When Panksepp stimulated the corresponding region in a mouse, theanimal would sniff the air and walk around, as though it were looking for something.Was it hungry? No. The mouse would walk right by a plate of food, or for that matterany other object Panksepp could think of. This brain tissue seemed to cause a generaldesire for something new. “What I was seeing, ” he says, “was the urge to do stuff.Panksepp called this seeking.To neuropsychologist Mark Solms of University College in London, that soundsvery much like libido. “Freud needed some sort of general, appetitive desire to seekpleasure in the world of objects, ” says Solms. "Panksepp discovered as a neuroscientist what Freud discovered psychologically. ” Solms studied the same region of the brain forhis work on dreams. Since the 1970s, neurologists have known that dreaming takesplace during a particular form of sleep known as REM — rapid eye movement — whichis associated with a primitive part of the brain known as the pons. Accordingly, they regarded dreaming as a low-level phenomenon of no great psychological interest. WhenSolms looked into it, though, it turned out that the key structure involved in dreaming was actually the ventral tegmental, the same structure that Panksepp had identified as the seat of the “”s e e m k i o n t g i o n. Dreams, it seemed, originate with the libid—o which is just what Freud had believed.Freud's psychological map may have been flawed in many ways, but it alsohappensto be the most coherent and, from the standpoint of individual experience,meaningful theory of the mind. “Freud should be placed in the same category as Darwin,who lived before the discovery of genes, ” says Panksepp. “Freud gave us a vision ofmental apparatus. We need to talk about it, develop it, test it. ” Perhaps it ’sof proving Freud wrong or right, but of finishing the job.。
针灸学考试题
针灸学考试题一、单选题（共100题，每题1分，共100分）1.八会穴之血会是：A、膻中B、大杼C、膈俞D、章门E、绝骨正确答案：C2.上廉与下廉间隔：A、2寸B、4寸C、1寸D、3寸E、5寸正确答案：C3.治疗哮喘的经验穴是A、膻中B、鱼际C、肺俞D、定喘穴E、中府正确答案：D4.风寒感冒宜取A、肺俞太渊太白丰隆章门B、大椎曲池合谷鱼际外关C、风府肺俞脾俞合谷D、列缺风门风池合谷E、以上都不取正确答案：D5.疟疾好发于A、秋冬B、春夏C、春冬D、春季E、夏秋正确答案：E6.中府是：A、合穴B、络穴C、郄穴D、原穴E、募穴正确答案：E7.治疗斑秃取阿是穴用A、灸法B、泻法C、围刺法D、补法E、梅花针叩刺正确答案：E8.八会穴中的腑会是A、足三里B、阳陵泉C、章门D、胃俞E、中脘正确答案：E9.以下具有强壮作用的腧穴是：A、丰隆B、上巨虚C、犊鼻D、下巨虚E、足三里正确答案：E10.小儿脑瘫取悬钟是A、益髓补脑B、健脑益智C、理气化痰D、健脑调神E、通阳活络正确答案：A11.下列腧穴，不属络穴的是A、飞扬B、大钟C、商丘D、光明E、丰隆正确答案：C12.手少阴心经的起始穴位是：A、极泉B、少泽C、少府D、天池E、少冲正确答案：A13.针刺双侧风池时体位宜为（）A、仰靠坐位B、侧俯坐位C、俯卧位D、俯伏坐位E、仰卧位正确答案：D14.治疗不孕症实证取归来子宫用A、灸法B、补法C、平补平泻D、拔罐E、泻法正确答案：E15.至阳穴位于第几胸椎棘突下凹陷中:A、6B、9C、5D、8E、7正确答案：E16.根据《内经》记载，灸法起源于我国（）A、东方B、北方C、中部D、西方E、以上都不是正确答案：B17.手太阳小肠经的络穴是：A、支正B、少泽C、养老D、后溪E、小海正确答案：A18.会宗位于腕横纹上：A、5寸B、3寸C、12寸D、2寸E、7寸正确答案：B19.疝气的治法是：A、舒筋通络B、理气散结，通络止痛C、强健脾胃D、镇静安神E、熄风止痉正确答案：B20.位于胸椎棘突下的督脉穴位一般可（）A、斜刺或平刺0.5～0.8寸B、向下方斜刺0.5～1寸C、直刺0.5～1.5寸D、向上斜刺0.5～1寸E、以上都不是正确答案：D21.治疗湿热下注型痔疮时取下列哪组穴位为宜A、次髎、长强、阴陵泉、承山B、阑尾、天枢、大肠俞、承山C、百会、会阴、会阳、承山D、秩边、会阴、曲泽、承山E、天枢、会阴、曲池、承山正确答案：A22.以下腧穴中与鼻翼下缘相平的是：A、下关B、巨髎C、地仓D、迎香E、颊车正确答案：B23.感冒的病位主要在：A、肺脾B、肺窍C、肺卫D、肺肾E、肺系正确答案：C24.治疗心脾两虚型不寐宜取A、神门、三阴交、肝俞、间使、太冲B、神门、三阴交、心俞、胆俞、大陵C、神门、三阴交、胃俞、四神聪、足三里D、神门、三阴交、心俞、肾俞、太溪E、神门、三阴交、心俞、四神聪、脾俞正确答案：E25.痫证发作时，遵照醒脑熄风、豁痰开窍的原则，应取穴是A、曲池手三里B、心俞肝俞脾俞神门C、鸠尾大椎腰奇间使D、百会人中后溪涌泉E、肺俞章门太渊丰隆正确答案：D26.《针灸甲乙经》中载有腧穴：A、361个B、359个C、354个D、349个E、160个正确答案：D27.光明位于：A、目内眦内上方处B、小腿外侧，外踝尖上5寸，腓骨的后缘C、小腿外侧，外踝尖上5寸，腓骨的前缘D、小腿内侧，内踝尖上5寸，胫骨的前缘E、小腿内侧，内踝尖上5寸，胫骨的后缘正确答案：C28.下列各项，哪些应慎用灸法( )A、寒邪束表B、阳虚暴脱C、瘀血阻络D、阴虚发热E、以上都不是正确答案：D29.雷火神针是（）A、一种无烟艾条B、一种艾灸和针刺相结合的方法C、一种特制的粗毫针加温后的刺法D、一种药艾条的实按灸E、以上都不是正确答案：D30.铺灸法属于（）A、直接灸B、发泡灸C、隔姜灸D、蒜泥灸E、隔蒜灸正确答案：E31.足厥阴肝经的井穴是：A、大敦B、日月C、期门D、太冲E、蠡沟正确答案：A32.不属于针灸治疗原则的是A、补虚泻实B、三因制宜C、调和阴阳D、治病求本E、清热温寒正确答案：C33.手三里与曲池间隔：A、1寸B、5寸C、2寸D、4寸E、3寸正确答案：C34.面瘫体质虚弱可配合A、听宫B、听会C、合谷D、翳风E、足三里正确答案：D35.火罐法可用（）A、投火法B、闪火法C、两者均是D、两者均非E、以上都不是正确答案：C36.属于治疗斑秃主穴的是A、足三里血海B、神门三阴交C、肝俞行间D、命门太溪E、肝俞肾俞膈俞正确答案：E37.痹证宜取A、足厥阴、足少阳经穴为主B、局部、循经取穴为主C、阳明经穴为主D、督脉经穴为主E、阳跷脉经穴为主正确答案：B38.用拔罐法治疗腰痛宜选择的穴位为（）A、肾俞、大肠俞、腰阳关、委中B、大椎C、脾俞、胃俞、大肠俞、天枢、气海、足三里、下巨虚D、大椎、肺俞、孔最E、神阙、血海、曲池、阿是穴正确答案：A39.治疗乳痈取肩井穴，是由于肩井穴为A、治疗乳痈的经验穴B、井穴C、局部经穴D、背俞穴E、足少阳经经穴正确答案：A40.腹痛多见于哪类疾病：A、消化系统和妇科病B、儿科疾病C、泌尿系统D、伤科疾病E、心血管系统正确答案：A41.通里穴位于：A、尺侧腕屈肌腱的桡侧缘，腕横纹上0．5寸B、桡侧腕屈肌腱的尺侧缘，尺横纹上1寸C、掌长肌腱的桡侧缘，腕横纹上1寸D、尺侧腕屈肌腱的桡侧缘，腕横纹上1寸E、尺侧腕屈肌腱的尺侧缘，腕横纹上2寸正确答案：D42.下列因素中哪一种因素容易引起滞针（）A、重插轻提B、重提轻插C、大幅度捻D、单向捻转E、以上都不是正确答案：D43.治疗偏头痛以那条经脉为主：A、肝经和胆经B、督脉C、肝经和肾经D、膀胱经和胆经E、膀胱经和肾经正确答案：A44.用三棱针在十宣、十二井穴治疗时，多用（）A、点刺B、挑刺C、散刺D、泻血E、以上均可正确答案：A45.十二经脉中的阳经与阳经的交接在:A、胸腹部B、下肢部C、额头部D、头面部E、上肢部正确答案：D46.足阳明胃经的郄穴是：A、解溪B、冲阳C、丰隆D、足三里E、梁丘正确答案：E47.根据针灸的治疗原则，“瘀陈”则应该采取A、泻之B、疾之C、补之D、除之E、留之正确答案：D48.小儿多动症兼有食欲不振需配合A、大陵丰隆B、心俞脾俞C、照海内庭D、中脘足三里E、三阴交侠溪正确答案：D49.膀胱经的井穴是：A、至阴B、委中C、申脉D、合阳E、委阳正确答案：A50.选耳穴“外生殖器”，可以治疗腰腿痛，符合耳针临床选穴的何种原则？（）A、按现代医学理论取穴B、按临床经验取穴C、按相应部位取穴D、按交叉原则取穴E、按辨证取穴正确答案：B51.在针刺过程中，轻者感觉精神疲倦，头晕目眩，恶心欲吐是（）A、晕针B、滞针C、针后异常感D、损伤脑脊髓E、以上都不是正确答案：A52.八会穴中的髓会穴指：A、肾俞B、大杼C、阳陵泉D、百会E、悬钟正确答案：E53.出现头痛、恶心、呕吐、抽搐、呼吸困难、休克和神志昏迷是（）A、晕针B、滞针C、针后异常感D、损伤脑脊髓E、以上都不是正确答案：D54.被称为“血海”、“十二经之海”的经脉是:A、带脉B、足阳明胃经C、督脉D、任脉E、冲脉正确答案：E55.手太阳小肠经的穴名数是：A、21B、19C、17D、20E、29正确答案：B56.动作失衡可选用（）A、枕下旁线B、颞后线C、枕上正中线D、颞前线E、枕上旁线正确答案：A57.足阳明胃经的原穴是：A、解溪B、梁丘C、冲阳D、足三里E、丰隆正确答案：C58.胎位不正治疗，如果患者兼有神疲乏力，纳差，需加用A、足三里三阴交B、关元命门C、太溪昆仑D、肾俞太溪E、中脘建里正确答案：A59.胆的募穴是：A、蠡沟B、大敦C、日月D、太冲E、期门正确答案：C60.足少阳胆经的络穴是：A、悬钟B、光明C、外丘D、丘墟E、足临泣正确答案：B61.肾绞痛伴有血尿需配合A、胆囊穴足三里B、日月期门胆俞C、血海太冲D、曲池大椎E、至阳正确答案：C62.输穴是：A、隐白B、公孙C、三阴交D、阴陵泉E、太白正确答案：E63.过敏性疾患首选的耳穴是（）A、胃B、风溪C、肩D、肾E、三角窝正确答案：B64.腰部扭伤的主穴是A、阿是穴曲池小海B、阿是穴申脉丘虚C、阿是穴肩髎肩贞D、阿是穴膝眼梁丘E、阿是穴肾俞委中正确答案：E65.面痛舌有瘀斑加A、内关太冲B、风池曲池C、内庭太冲D、膈俞血海E、风池列缺正确答案：A66.夹脊穴中腰部穴位主治：A、昏迷、高热B、心肺疾患及上肢疾病C、小儿疳积D、胃肠疾病E、腰腹及下肢疾患正确答案：E67.不孕症虚证的治法A、固摄带脉利湿化浊B、疏肝理气调理气血C、补益肝肾温通胞脉D、理气化痰行瘀通络E、活血化瘀温经散寒正确答案：C68.大横位于：A、脐中上2寸，距离前正中线2寸B、脐中上2寸，距离前正中线4寸C、脐中下2寸，距离前正中线4寸D、平脐中，距离前正中线4寸E、脐中下2寸，距离前正中线2寸正确答案：D69.治疗小儿疳积以什么经穴为主A、督脉和足阳明经B、任脉和足阳明经C、足太阴和足阳明经D、足太阴和手阳明经E、手阳明经和足阳明经正确答案：B70.针刺双侧委中穴的体位是（）A、仰靠坐位B、俯卧位C、侧伏坐位D、俯伏坐位E、以上都不是正确答案：B71.心脾亏损型不寐的治疗取穴是A、神门三阴交心俞脾俞B、大陵太溪神门心俞C、照海神门心俞巨阙胆俞D、心俞印堂安眠脾俞足三里E、膈俞脾俞足三里胆俞正确答案：D72.治疗落枕宜取何经经穴为主A、督脉和手太阳经B、督脉和足太阳经C、督脉和手足太阳经D、手太阳经足少阳经E、督脉和手少阳经正确答案：D73.治疗惊悸怔忡时，取下列那条经脉为主？A、手少阴和足厥阴经B、手少阴和足太阳经C、手少阴和手厥阴经D、手少阴和足少阴经E、手少阴和手太阳经正确答案：C74.十二经脉中的阳经与阴经的交接在:A、手足部B、头面部C、额头部D、背部E、胸腹部正确答案：A75.针刺治疗肘劳操作不正确的是A、局部可加温和灸B、毫针泻法C、毫针平补平泻D、压痛点多向透刺E、压痛点多针齐刺正确答案：C76.治疗行痹宜取A、足三里、阳陵泉B、膈俞、血海C、大椎曲池D、足三里、阴陵泉E、合谷、三阴交正确答案：B77.手厥阴心包经和手少阳三焦经在：A、胸中相衔接B、目内眦相衔接C、足大指外侧端相衔接D、无名指外侧端相衔接E、足大指内侧端相衔接正确答案：D78.在五输穴中，所行为:A、经B、荥C、井D、合E、输正确答案：A79.胃阴不足胃脘痛需配用A、胃俞三阴交B、神阙胃俞C、胃俞太冲D、梁门天枢E、膻中膈俞正确答案：A80.心的募穴是：A、中脘B、中府C、京门D、膻中E、巨阙正确答案：E81.肺俞定位在：A、第9胸椎棘突下，旁开1.5寸B、第3胸椎棘突下，旁开1.5寸C、第2胸椎棘突下，旁开1.5寸D、第7胸椎棘突下，旁开1.5寸E、第5胸椎棘突下，旁开1.5寸正确答案：B82.隔盐灸可用来治疗( )A、五更泄泻B、哮喘C、脐风D、肺痨E、以上都不是正确答案：A83.针刺中极穴的适宜体位是（）A、仰卧位B、俯卧位C、侧卧位D、仰靠坐位E、以上都不是正确答案：A84.毫针刺入腧穴内相应深度的主要部分是（）A、针尖B、针身C、针根D、针柄E、以上都不是正确答案：B85.耳屏内侧面上1/2处是（）A、外鼻B、内耳C、外耳D、内鼻E、咽喉正确答案：E86.乳少生活注意事项不包括A、正常劳作B、睡眠充足C、心情舒畅D、休息充分E、哺乳方法正确正确答案：A87.哮喘兼有风寒症状需加用A、中脘B、风池风门C、天突D、足三里内关E、丰隆曲池正确答案：B88.偏历与温溜间隔：A、3寸B、1寸C、2寸D、4寸E、5寸正确答案：C89.将耳轮向耳屏对折时，耳郭上部尖端处的耳穴是（）A、耳尖B、趾C、肛门D、耳迷根E、指正确答案：A90.心的募穴是：A、章门B、中府C、膻中D、巨阙E、京门正确答案：D91.手阳明大肠经循行经过的部位是：A、外眼角B、下齿C、内眼角D、上齿E、耳正确答案：B92.治疗小儿疳积主穴是：A、脾俞、胃俞B、关元、肾俞C、天枢、百虫窝D、中脘、四缝、足三里E、足三里、内关正确答案：D93.印堂位于：A、当眉梢与目外眦之间，向后约一横指的凹陷中B、两眉头的中间C、眉梢凹陷处D、目外眦外0.5寸凹陷中E、眶下缘外1/4与3/4交界处正确答案：B94.在经络系统中，十二正经之离、人、出、合的别行的部分是指:A、十二经别B、十二经筋C、十五络脉D、奇经八脉E、十二皮部正确答案：A95.六腑与下合穴相配，不正确的是A、足少阳合于阳陵泉B、足阳明合于足三里C、手阳明合于上巨虚D、手阳明合于下巨虚E、手太阳合于下巨虚正确答案：D96.血枯经闭兼有盗汗者加A、太溪B、内关C、中脘D、肝俞E、足三里正确答案：A97.癫证取膻中是A、疏调气机B、清心泻火C、除湿化痰D、镇静安神E、疏肝理气正确答案：A98.治疗胃痛取中脘、足三里，所采用的取穴原则是：A、穴位压痛取穴为主B、远部取穴为主C、阿是压痛取穴为主D、近部取穴为主E、远近结合取穴为主正确答案：E99.根据异经子母补泻法，肝经的实热症，当泻A、大敦B、行间C、曲泉D、少府E、神门正确答案：D100.间使位于：A、手掌心B、肘横纹下7寸C、肘横纹中，当肱二头肌的尺侧缘D、腕横纹上3寸E、腕掌横纹的中点正确答案：D。
针灸学考试试题与答案
针灸学考试试题与答案一、选择题1. 针灸学是指A. 使用针灸治疗疾病的学科B. 研究针灸理论和技术的学科C. 针灸治疗中的操作技巧D. 针灸医院的管理学科答案：B2. 针灸学最早起源于哪个国家？A. 中国B. 日本C. 韩国D. 印度答案：A3. 针灸的基本原理是A. 刺激穴位产生生理反应B. 通过气血调和治疗疾病C. 刺激神经末梢改变病理状态D. 通过治疗断脉使病症消失答案：C4. 下列哪个是针灸治疗常用的针具？A. 医用注射针B. 针灸针C. 针头刺激仪D. 刮痧板答案：B5. 针灸治疗的禁忌症包括以下哪个？A. 感冒发热B. 高血压C. 妊娠期D. 肌肉疼痛答案：C二、判断题1. 针灸学是一门传统中医学的分支学科。
正确/错误答案：正确2. 针灸学只能治疗身体的疾病，无法治疗心理疾病。
正确/错误答案：错误3. 针灸治疗疾病的原理是通过刺激穴位改变气血运行情况。
正确/错误答案：正确4. 针灸治疗的常见副作用包括局部红肿和疼痛。
正确/错误答案：正确5. 针灸学考试主要考察学生对穴位和经络的掌握程度。
正确/错误答案：正确三、简答题1. 什么是针灸穴位？答案：针灸穴位是人体上特定的解剖部位，富含神经末梢和血管，通过刺激这些穴位可以调节气血运行和改变病理状态。
2. 针灸治疗时需要注意哪些安全措施？答案：针灸治疗时需要注意消毒穴位和使用无菌针具，避免交叉感染；遵循穴位刺激的深度和角度，避免损伤神经或器官；根据患者情况选择适当的针灸方法和疗程。
3. 针灸可以治疗哪些常见疾病？答案：针灸可以治疗各种疾病，包括颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出、失眠、焦虑、消化不良、月经不调等。
四、综合题请根据以下病例，选择适合的针灸治疗方法。
病例：患者女性，年龄35岁，主要症状为经期不调、腹痛、情绪不稳定。
1. 针灸治疗穴位选择：A. 胃气不和穴、三阴交穴B. 百会穴、手太阴肺经C. 肝经荥穴、足三里穴D. 膀胱经大椎穴、气海穴答案：C2. 针灸治疗方法：A. 导引法B. 扭转法C. 针刺法D. 烧灸法答案：D总结：针灸学是一门传统中医学的分支学科，通过刺激穴位改变气血运行和病理状态来治疗疾病。
中医针灸学博士试题及答案
中医针灸学博士试题及答案一、选择题1. 针灸起源于哪个古代文明？a. 美索不达米亚文明b. 印度河流域文明c. 尼罗河流域文明d. 中国古代文明答案：d. 中国古代文明2. 针灸学中，通常使用多长的针？a. 2cmb. 5cmc. 10cmd. 不固定答案：d. 不固定3. 针刺的主要途径是经络，经络是什么？a. 神经束b. 血管集合体c. 蔓延全身的特殊器官d. 虚拟的通道答案：d. 虚拟的通道4. 根据中医理论，针灸疗法可以调节人体的哪种能量？a. 阳气b. 阴气c. 气血d. 脏腑答案：c. 气血5. 针灸治疗能够通过哪种途径发挥作用？a. 直接作用于病变部位b. 通过神经系统调节全身功能c. 改变体液代谢d. 以上皆是答案：d. 以上皆是二、简答题1. 针灸学的基本理论有哪些？答案：针灸学的基本理论包括：“经络论”、“阴阳学说”、“气血学说”、“脏腑学说”等。
这些理论相互联系，共同构成了针灸学的理论体系。
2. 针灸治疗的主要途径有哪些？答案：针灸治疗的主要途径包括：“经络刺激法”、“络脉刺激法”、“经穴刺激法”等。
其中，经络刺激法是最常用的方法，通过在经络上刺激特定穴位来调节气血运行，达到治疗的目的。
三、论述题针灸学是中国传统医学的重要分支，它以针刺刺激人体特定穴位，调节气血运行，达到治疗疾病的效果。
针灸学的理论体系包括经络论、阴阳学说、气血学说、脏腑学说等多个方面。
1. 经络论：根据中医理论，人体内有一套虚拟的通道系统，称为经络。
经络运行于全身，与五脏六腑相互联系。
针灸疗法主要通过刺激经络上的穴位来调节气血，疏通经络，达到治疗疾病的目的。
2. 阴阳学说：阴阳学说是中医学的核心理论之一。
它认为，宇宙万物都是由相互对立而又统一的阴阳组成。
在针灸学中，阴阳学说用于解释疾病的发生、发展和变化规律。
针灸治疗的目的就是通过调节阴阳的平衡来治愈疾病。
3. 气血学说：气血学说是中医学中的重要观念之一。
上海中医药大学-19级中医学专业-中医基础理论及中医诊断学
上海中医药大学-19级中医学专业-中医基础理论及中医诊断学姓名： [填空题] *_________________________________科室： [填空题] *_________________________________1. 中医学的诊疗原则是 [单选题] *辩证论治(正确答案)同病同治2. 中医学的哲学基础是 [单选题] *矛盾论阴阳合五行学说(正确答案)3. 当自然环境不同时，人体也引发 [单选题] *不同的疾病(正确答案)相同的疾病4. 人体是有机的整体，构成的基础物质主要有 [单选题] *精、气、血、津液(正确答案)五脏六腑5. 中医学的指导思想是 [单选题] *整体观(正确答案)微观6. 中医里（）是指：症状和体征 [单选题] *证症(正确答案)7. 三因制宜是指：因时、（）、因人制宜 [单选题] *因地(正确答案)因症8. （）相当于数学里的线段 [单选题] *证候(正确答案)症状9. （）是相当于一个一个的点 [单选题] *症状(正确答案)病10. （）是有不同的证候构成的 [单选题] *病(正确答案)症11. 中医里的三辨论治是指：辨因、辨证、（）论治 [单选题] *辨病(正确答案)辨人12. “见微知著”主要是指 [单选题] *A.从轻微的表现预测严重的病变B.从局部的微小变化测知整体情况(正确答案)C.从隐蔽的症状测知明显的症状D.从易忽略的体征中求得病情E.运用特殊诊法诊断出病证13. 病人表情淡漠，神识痴呆，喃喃自语，哭笑无常属于 [单选题] *A.狂病B.脏躁C.痫病D.惊风E.癫病(正确答案)14. 根据《灵枢·五色》的分法，整个面部称为“阙”的部分是 [单选题] *A.鼻B.耳门C.眉间(正确答案)D.颊侧E.额15. 肾精久耗，阴虚火旺病人的面色可见 [单选题] *A.面色黛黑，肌肤甲错B.面黑干焦(正确答案)C.眼眶周围发黑D.面色青黑E.面黑暗淡16. 坐而喜俯者多为 [单选题] *A.肺气壅滞B.体弱气虚(正确答案)C.咳喘肺胀D.水饮内停气逆E.肝火上炎17. 牙齿燥如枯骨的临床意义是 [单选题] *A.阳明热甚，津液大伤B.胃阴已伤C.肾阴枯竭，精不上荣(正确答案)D.肾虚，虚火上炎E.肝阳上亢18. 阴寒内盛，阳气被遏，血行凝滞时，多见的舌象表现是 [单选题] *A.全舌青紫B.舌有紫色斑点C.舌色淡红中泛现青紫D.舌色淡紫而湿润(正确答案)E.舌色紫红或绛紫而干枯少津19. 患者舌酱短缩，色淡白或青紫而湿润的临床意义是 [单选题] *A.寒凝筋脉(正确答案)B.气血俱虚C.痰湿内蕴D.热盛伤津E.动风先兆20. 短气，兼有呼吸声粗，或胸部室闷，或胸腹胀满等，多由于 [单选题] *A.痰饮、胃肠积滞或气滞或瘀阻(正确答案)B.体质衰弱或元气虚损C.久病体虚或肺肾气虚D.肺气郁闭E.元阳暴脱21. 牢脉的脉象特征是 [单选题] *A.沉而弦细B.沉而弦数C.沉而实大弦长(正确答案)D.沉弦长E.伏而实大22. 下述各项，属于里证辨证要点的是 [单选题] *A.见于外感疾病的中、后期阶段(正确答案)B.新起恶寒发热并见C.一般病情较轻D.病位较浅E.病程较短23. 证候真假的“真”主要是指 [单选题] *A.患者真实的临床表现B.临床上常见的证候C.指与疾病内在本质相符的证候(正确答案)D.本病或者久病之症E.患者的病情完全真实24. 患者咳嗽喘促，动则益甚，声低息微，腰膝酸软，舌淡，脉沉细无力，其临床意义是 [单选题] *A.表证B.寒证C.虚证(正确答案)D.热证E.实证25. 寒淫证的临床表现是 [单选题] *A.恶风寒，微发热，汗出，脉浮缓，苔薄白B.突发皮肤瘙痒、丘疹C.恶寒重，或伴发热，无汗，头身疼痛，鼻塞或流清涕，脉浮紧(正确答案)D.鼻塞，流清涕，喷嚏，或伴咽喉痒痛、咳嗽E.肢关节游走作痛，或新起面睑肢体浮肿26. 下列各项，不属于阳水临床表现的是 [单选题] *A.头面部先肿B.兼脾、肾阳虚(正确答案)C.起病急，病程短D.皮肤光亮而薄E.多夹风邪为患27. 患者少气懒言，神疲乏力，气短自汗，舌淡脉虚的临床意义是 [单选题] *A.气虚证(正确答案)B.气陷证C.气脱证D.阳虚证E.气滞证28. 患者大出血后出现气短，心悸，冷汗淋漓，四肢厥冷，脉微欲绝的临床意义是[单选题] *A.气虚失血B.气血两虚C.气随血脱(正确答案)D.气虚下陷E.阴虚阳亢29. 下列各项，不属于热极生风证临床表现的是 [单选题] *A.高热神昏B.四肢抽搐C.角弓反张D.两目上视E.目合口开(正确答案)30. 下列各项，不属于肾阴虚证临床表现的是 [单选题] *A.眩晕耳鸣B.少气懒言(正确答案)C.骨蒸发热D.咽干颜红E.五心烦热。
上海中医药大学中医基础理论2019年考博真题试卷
二、多选题（10题，每题2分，共20分）
1.相乘关系的有：肝火犯胃……
2.血淤常因：气虚气滞血热血寒血虚……
3.津停导致：气虚气滞血虚血淤血燥……
4.人的气的来源：水谷之气，营气，清气，精气，卫气
5.属于逆治的：虚则补之……
6.肾中精气充足的标志：齿骨发
7.入耳的经脉：三小胆
医学考博真题试卷
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上海中医药大学
2019年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：中医基础理论
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、单选题（20题，每题1分，共20分）
1.中清之府——胆；
2.孤府——三焦；
3.常血虚脏腑为主——心肝；
4.用寒远寒、用热远热——因时制宜；
5.气逆常见于——肝胃肺
6.阴阳转化的理论基础——阴阳互根
7.阴病治阳——
8.啥啥是什么关系：相乘、相侮、相生相克……
9.通行元气与水液的通道——三焦
10.吐下定无完气——津能载气
11.体阴而用阳的脏——肝
12.冲脉并行的经脉——足太阴肾经
13.距离正中线最近的经脉
14.津分布的部位——肌肉、皮肤、孔窍
二、名词解释（5题，每题4分，共20分）
1.土爰稼穑
2ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้阴病治阳
3.审证求因
4.湿性黏滞
5.塞因塞用
三、论述题（5题，每题8分，共40分）
1.营气与卫气有何异同，营卫失和的临床表现
2.水湿痰饮的区别与联系
针灸学试题及答案
针灸学试题及答案一、选择题1. 针灸学是中医学的重要组成部分，其主要治疗原理是基于以下哪个理论？A. 血液学说B. 经络学说C. 五行学说D. 阴阳学说答案：B. 经络学说2. 下列哪个穴位不属于手太阴肺经？A. 太渊B. 经渠C. 列缺D. 足三里答案：D. 足三里3. 针灸治疗中常用的“补法”和“泻法”是基于哪种中医理论？A. 脏腑辨证B. 经络辨证C. 气血辨证D. 病因辨证答案：C. 气血辨证4. 针灸学中的“得气”是指什么？A. 针刺后患者感到疼痛B. 针刺后患者感到麻木C. 针刺后患者感到酸胀，且医师感到针下沉、紧、有吸力D. 针刺后患者感到刺痛答案：C. 针刺后患者感到酸胀，且医师感到针下沉、紧、有吸力5. 下列哪种情况不适合进行针灸治疗？A. 感冒发热B. 慢性胃炎C. 孕妇腹部D. 关节炎答案：C. 孕妇腹部二、填空题1. 针灸治疗的基本原理是通过刺激________和________来调整人体的________，从而达到治疗疾病的目的。
答案：穴位、经络、气血平衡2. 在针灸操作中，为了达到治疗效果，医师通常会根据患者的具体情况选择不同的针刺________和________。
答案：深度、角度3. 针灸治疗时，医师会根据患者的病情和体质选择适当的________和________，以实现补泻的目的。
答案：手法、力度4. 针灸学中，________是指在特定的穴位上施以针刺，而________则是指在穴位上进行按摩或其他操作。
答案：针法、灸法5. 针灸治疗不仅可用于治疗疾病，还可以用于________和________。
答案：预防疾病、保健强身三、简答题1. 简述针灸治疗的三个基本作用。
答：针灸治疗的三个基本作用包括：调和阴阳、疏通经络、扶正祛邪。
通过刺激特定的穴位，可以调整人体的气血运行，从而达到治疗疾病、保持身体健康的目的。
2. 描述针灸治疗中“补法”和“泻法”的基本原理及其应用。
中医针灸学考试题库及答案
中医针灸学考试题库及答案一、单项选择题1. 中医针灸学中，以下哪个穴位不属于足太阴脾经？A. 三阴交B. 太白C. 阴陵泉D. 足三里答案：D2. 针灸治疗头痛时，以下哪个穴位是常用的？A. 合谷B. 太冲C. 百会D. 神门答案：C3. 在中医针灸学中，以下哪个穴位是治疗咳嗽的常用穴位？A. 足三里B. 肺俞C. 太溪D. 风池答案：B4. 针灸治疗失眠时，以下哪个穴位是常用的？A. 神门B. 太溪C. 足三里D. 风池答案：AA. 足三里B. 天枢C. 太溪D. 风池答案：B二、多项选择题6. 在中医针灸学中，以下哪些穴位属于手太阴肺经？A. 太渊B. 列缺C. 尺泽D. 曲池答案：A, B, CA. 中脘B. 足三里C. 内关D. 太冲答案：A, B, C8. 在中医针灸学中，以下哪些穴位属于足少阳胆经？A. 阳陵泉B. 风池C. 太冲D. 悬颅答案：A, B, D9. 针灸治疗月经不调时，以下哪些穴位是常用的？A. 三阴交B. 太溪C. 气海D. 足三里答案：A, C10. 在中医针灸学中，以下哪些穴位属于任脉？A. 中脘B. 神阙C. 百会D. 命门答案：B, D三、判断题11. 针灸治疗高血压时，常用的穴位是太冲穴。
（对/错）答案：错12. 针灸治疗耳鸣时，常用的穴位是听宫穴。
（对/错）答案：对13. 针灸治疗腹泻时，常用的穴位是足三里穴。
（对/错）答案：对14. 针灸治疗哮喘时，常用的穴位是肺俞穴。
（对/错）答案：对15. 针灸治疗心悸时，常用的穴位是心俞穴。
（对/错）答案：对四、简答题16. 简述针灸治疗感冒的常用穴位及其作用。
答案：针灸治疗感冒的常用穴位包括风池、大椎、合谷等。
风池穴可以疏风解表，大椎穴可以清热解表，合谷穴可以疏风散寒。
17. 描述针灸治疗腰痛的常用穴位及其作用。
答案：针灸治疗腰痛的常用穴位包括命门、腰俞、委中等。
命门穴可以温补肾阳，腰俞穴可以强腰健肾，委中穴可以舒筋活络。
上海中医药大学-19级中医学专业-中医诊断学(一)
上海中医药大学-19级中医学专业-中医摸底考试卷-中医诊断学(一)姓名：一、单选题您的姓名： [填空题] *_________________________________1．下列哪项不是望神时需要重点观察的内容（） [单选题] *A.两目B.面色C.舌象(正确答案)D.神情答案解析：（1）该题考查的是中医诊断学-望诊-望神的知识点。
（2）望神是重点观察的内容有两目（A错），精神（D错），反应，面色（B错），肌肉，呼吸，动作；望舌象为舌诊的内容，不属于望神的内容（C对）。
2．病人神智痴呆、表情淡漠、哭笑无常，多属于：（） [单选题] *A.狂证B.癫证(正确答案)C.痫证D.厥证答案解析：（1）该题考查的是中医诊断学-望诊-望神的知识点。
（2）癫证因痰气凝结，阻闭心神，病人表现出神智痴呆、表情淡漠、哭笑无常等症状（B对）。
狂病表现为狂妄躁动，呼笑怒骂，打人毁物，不避亲疏，甚或登高而歌，弃衣而走，妄行不休，力逾常人。
多因暴怒化火，炼津为痰，痰火扰神所致（A错）。
痫证表现为表现为猝然仆倒，不省人事，口吐涎沫，口出异声，四肢抽搐，醒后如常。
多与先天禀赋因素有关，因肝风夹痰，蒙蔽清窍所致（C错）。
故本题选B。
3．患者精神不振，健忘嗜睡，声低乏力，动作迟缓，谓之：（） [单选题] *A.得神B.失神C.神气不足(正确答案)D.神态异常答案解析：（1）该题考查的是中医诊断学-望诊-望神的知识点。
（2）得神的临床表现：神志清楚，语言清晰，面色荣润含蓄，表情丰富自然；目光明亮，精彩内含；反应灵敏，动作灵活，体态自如；呼吸平稳，肌肉不削（A错）。
失神即无神，是精亏神衰或邪盛神乱的表现（B错）。
少神又称为神气不足，是指精气不足，神气不旺的表现；介于得神与失神之间。
临床表现：精神不振，两目乏神，面色少华，肌肉松软，倦怠乏力，少气懒言，动作迟缓等（C对）。
神乱即精神错乱或神志异常，其临床表现为焦虑恐惧、狂躁不安、神情淡漠或痴呆以及猝然昏倒等症，常见于癫病、狂病、痫病、脏躁等病人（D错）。
2019-9-11针灸试题14页word
1．下列属于针灸治疗原则的是（B）A．扶正祛邪B．虚则补之C．子母补泻D．调和阴阳E．都不是2．下列出自《灵枢*九针十二原》的是（E）A．实则泻之B．寒者热之C．热者寒之D．陷下则灸之E．宛陈则除之3．下列属随症选穴的是（B）A．肝阳上亢取太冲B．发热针曲池C．心肾不交灸神门D．五更泻灸命门E．脾虚腹泻针足三里4．根据交经缪刺理论的治法为（A）A．合谷治面瘫B．曲池退热C．后溪治腰扭伤D．劳宫治手心热E．头维治偏正头痛5．阴经经脉五腧穴五行属性正确的是（A）A．木火土金水B．金水木火土C．金木水火土D．木火金水土E．土木金火水6．下列腧穴除（E）之外，都是络穴A．通里B．偏历C．长强D．鸠尾E．支沟7．按主客配穴法，脾经先病，胃经后病应取（A）A．太白、丰隆B．冲阳、丰隆C．太白、冲阳D．公孙、丰隆E．均不是8．按八脉交会穴的应用，列缺配照海的主治范围是（D）A．眼病B．牙病C．耳病D．咽喉病E．舌体病9．下列五腧穴除（D）之外，都是本经的母穴A．曲池B．后溪C．解溪D．行间E．至阴10．穴位按压可查得（A）A．京门B．石门C．章门D．风门E．殷门11．以“苦心痛”为主症的奇经八脉是（E）A．任脉B．督脉C．冲脉D．阳维脉E．阴维脉12．适宜于胃阴不足证的是（E）A．针灸并用B．重用灸法C．针补加灸D．泻法E．平补平泻13．肾不纳气选（C）A．少商B．伏兔C．足三里D．俞府E．都不对14．痛痹的治疗除在病变局部选穴外，可再加（D）A．阴陵泉、足三里B．风池、风府C．大椎、曲池D．肾俞、关元E．膈俞、血海15．治疗腰痛的基本处方为（A）A．委中、阿是穴、大肠俞、肾俞、腰阳关B．阳陵泉、肾俞、委中C．照海、委中、阿是穴D．秩边、环跳、委中、阿是穴E．大椎、环跳、委中、阿是穴16．坐骨神经痛与天气变化密切相关者，在基本方的基础上加灸（B）A．大肠俞B．大椎C．膈俞D．委中E．环跳17．治疗湿热浸淫型痿证，在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．尺泽B．脾俞C．太溪D．中极E．风池18．风痰阻络型中风可在基本处方上再加（B）A．曲池、内庭、丰隆B．丰隆、合谷C．足三里、气海D．太溪、风池E．太冲、太溪19．针灸治疗面瘫的基本处方为（E）A．阳白、四百、颊车、地仓、翳风、颧髎B．翳风、颧髎、合谷、太冲、丰隆C．阳白、四白、颊车、地仓、翳风、列缺D．颊车、地仓、翳风、颧髎、大陵E．阳白、四白、颊车、地仓、翳风、颧髎、合谷20．针灸治疗风寒型面瘫可在基本处方上加（A）A．风池B．环跳C．足三里D．百会E．曲池21．下列那项（C）不是针灸治疗三叉神经痛的原则A．疏通经络B．祛风止痛C．针刺为主D．泻法E．补法22．风寒型三叉神经痛，在基本处方上加（A）A．列缺B．内关C．曲池D．太冲E．内庭23．治疗风寒头痛除基本处方外，下列穴组还当选（B）A．曲池、合谷、大椎B．风门、大椎、风池C．合谷、三阴交、内庭D．足三里、三阴交、丰隆E．足三里、膈俞、血海24．下列各项中除（D）外，都用于治疗肝肾阴虚型眩晕A．肝俞B．肾俞C．太溪D．大敦E．绝骨25．治疗风阳上扰型眩晕，可在基本处方的基础上再加（A）A．行间、太冲、太溪B．内关、中脘、丰隆C．气海、血海、足三里D．肝俞、肾俞、太溪E．合谷、曲池、太阳26．治疗高血压在基本处方中具疏肝理气、平降肝阳作用的腧穴是（D）A．百会B．合谷C．三阴交D．太冲E．曲池27．下列不属于低血压病治则的是（A）A．活血化瘀B．补益心脾C．调和气血D．补肾充髓E．温阳化气28．针灸治疗贫血取用悬钟意在（D）A．气血双补B．调理脾胃C．滋养心脾D．养髓补血E．益气补血29．心悸急性发作者针刺可用（B）A．补法B．泻法C．平补平泻法D．禁用针刺E．刺血法30．治疗心阳不振型心悸，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．神阙、中脘B．关元、足三里C．气海、足三里D．关元、中脘E．神阙、气海31．治疗痰热内扰型失眠，针灸治疗时可施用（A）A．只针不灸B．只灸不针C．针灸并用D．补泻兼施E．平补平泻32．下列各项中除（C）外，都能治疗肝郁型失眠A．安眠B．行间C．尺泽D．风池E．太冲33．治疗湿浊困脾型失眠，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．公孙、大包B．脾俞、公孙C．脾俞、大包D．阴陵泉、脾俞E．中脘、大包34．下列各项中除（E）外，都是针灸治疗痴呆的基本处方用穴A．足三里B．大钟C．悬钟D．太溪E．中脘35．治疗气血虚弱型痴呆，可在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．少商B．鱼际C．风门D．气海E．中脘36．下列各项中除（E）外，都是治疗癫病的基本处方用穴A．脾俞B．丰隆C．心俞D．神门E．合谷37．狂病发病年龄多见于（C）A．婴幼儿B．儿童C．青少年D．中年E．老年38．治疗痫病在夜间发作者可在基本处方上加（E）A．肝俞B．太冲C．太溪D．肾俞E．照海39．梅核气治疗配穴可用（C）A．通里、三阴交B．太溪、肾俞C．列缺、照海D．四白、光明E．曲池、足三里40．大椎治疗震颤麻痹，下列刺灸方法除（C）外多均选用A．重灸B．拔罐C．浅刺D．针感向四肢放射E．刺血41．治疗风寒咳嗽，可在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．少商B．尺泽C．鱼际D．风门E．孔最42．下列各项中除（B）外，都能治疗心肾阳虚之哮喘A．肺俞B．大椎C．中府D．列缺E．关元43．下列各穴除（A）外均可温胃散寒A．太冲B．足三里C．胃俞D．脾俞E．中脘44．治疗胃阴不足型胃痛可在基本方的基础上加（A）A．太溪B．太冲C．期门D．神阙E．建里45．治疗胃下垂主方中具有升阳举陷作用的腧穴是（A）A．百会B．脾俞C．太冲D．胃俞E．中脘46．呕吐的针灸治疗原则不正确的是（C）A．虚证用补法B．实证用泻法C．胃阴不足者可用灸法D．肝气犯胃者用泻法E．胃阴不足者平补平泻47．肝气犯胃型呕吐可在基本方的基础上加（A）A．太冲、期门B．丰隆、公孙C．天枢、梁门D．外关、大椎E．脾俞、三阴交48．下列不属于胃火上逆型呃逆的临床表现的是（C）A．呃声洪亮有力，冲逆而出B．口臭烦渴，喜冷饮C．呃声低沉无力D．尿赤便秘E．苔黄燥，脉滑数49．脐周腹痛宜取（C）A．中脘B．大横C．天枢D．气海E．关元50．泄泻的病机主要在于（D）A．肝气郁滞B．肾阳亏虚C．食滞胃脘D．脾胃功能障碍E．湿热积滞51．关于气秘的针灸治疗正确的是（C）A．只针不灸，补法B．只灸不针，补法C．只针不灸，泻法D．只灸不针，泻法E．针灸并用，补泻兼施52．在治疗胁痛的针灸处方中，有“见肝之病，当先实脾”之意的腧穴是（C）A．期门C．足三里D．支沟E．太冲53．肝阴不足型胁痛的性质为（A）A．隐痛B．胀痛C．刺痛D．空痛E．窜痛54．不属于阳黄的临床表现的是（D)A．眼白和皮肤黄色鲜明B．发热C．小便黄赤，大便秘结D．神疲乏力E．苔黄腻，脉滑数55．针灸治疗阴水属脾虚者，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．肺俞、列缺、脾俞B．列缺、脾俞、足三里C．脾俞、足三里、三阴交D．足三里、三阴交、合谷E．三阴交、太冲、合谷56．治疗热淋，可在基本处方的基础上再加（A）A．行间B．委中C．大椎D．曲池E．昆仑57．针灸治疗肾虚不固型遗精，可在基本处方的基础上加（A）A．志室、太溪B．心俞、脾俞C．太溪、神门D．中极、阴陵泉E．太溪、阴陵泉58．治疗上消证，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．中脘、内庭B．太渊、少府C．太冲、照海D．阴谷、气海E．命门、至阳59．治疗糖尿病时，若见肌肤瘙痒可加用的腧穴是（B）A．风府B．血海C．尺泽E．内关60．治疗单纯性肥胖症中的脾胃虚弱证，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．合谷B．足三里C．血海D．膻中E．照海61．治疗急惊风暴受惊恐证，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．中脘、丰隆B．外关、风池C．印堂、承浆D．足三里、三阴交E．飞扬、承山62．治疗脾胃虚弱型小儿厌食，可在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．内关、合谷B．三阴交、太冲C．太冲、太白D．脾俞、胃俞E．肾俞、关元63．治疗下焦湿热型遗尿，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．关元、肾俞B．心俞、肺俞C．曲骨、阴陵泉D．大肠俞、小肠俞E．肺俞、脾俞64．以下脑瘫的治则中，哪一项是不合适的（E）A．益气养血B．疏通经络C．补益肝肾D．强筋壮骨E．和胃止呕65．治疗肾虚肝亢型注意力缺陷多动症，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．足三里、解溪B．合谷、曲池C．肾俞、行间D．风池、外关E．关元、中脘66．治疗气血不足型经前期紧张综合征，除针刺主穴外，还应加用（A）A．脾俞B．太溪C．肾俞D．丰隆E．中脘67．治疗血虚型月经不调，可在基本处方的基础上再加（C）A．中脘B．太溪C．膈俞D．肾俞E．太冲68．治疗气血郁滞型痛经，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．中脘、脾俞、足三里B．合谷、太冲、次髎C．膈俞、脾俞、气海D．关元、脾俞、三阴交E．太冲、太溪、命门69．下列各项中除（C）外，都能治疗气血不足型闭经A．血海B．气海C．大椎D．三阴交E．脾俞70．治疗血热内扰型崩漏，除针刺主穴外，还应加用（B）A．脾俞、足三里B．行间、期门C．肾俞、太溪D．丰隆、阴陵泉E．中脘、足三里71．治疗湿热下注型带下病，除针刺主穴外，还应加用（B）A．脾俞、太溪B．中极、次髎C．肾俞、上髎D．中极、下髎E．膻中、血海72．妊娠呕吐加用三阴交、丰隆的治疗作用是（C）A．健脾和胃B．补益脾胃C．健脾化痰D．开胃进食E．清头明目73．针灸治疗脾虚湿滞型胎位不正宜在基本方基础上再加（B）A．足三里、太冲B．阴陵泉、丰隆C．脾俞、阳陵泉D．中脘、气海E．脾俞、肾俞74．恶露不绝血热内扰证宜在基本方基础上再加（C）A．足三里B．百会C．中极D．地机E．膈俞75．产后乳少清稀，乳房柔软无胀感，伴神疲食少，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．关元、气海B．足三里、三阴交C．内关、期门D．太冲、行间E．血海、膈俞76．治疗子宫脱垂初期之脾气虚证，可在基本方基础上再加（C）A．中极、蠡沟B．中脘、足三里C．归来、足三里D．肾俞、阴陵泉E．中极、带脉77．针灸治疗不孕症之痰湿阻滞证，可在基本方基础上再加（C）A．公孙、内关B．合谷、三阴交C．丰隆、阴陵泉D．中脘、足三里E．中极、肺俞78．治疗更年期综合征的基本处方中，除肾俞、太溪、三阴交外，还包括（D）A．足三里、气海B．神门、内关C．太冲、风池D．关元、百会E．丰隆、中脘79．治疗乳腺炎的经验穴是（E）A．足三里B．梁丘C．期门D．内关E．肩井80．治疗阑尾炎所取主穴属（B）A．手阳明经穴B．足阳明经穴C．手、足阳明经穴D．手少阳经穴E．足少阳经穴81．针灸治疗胆石症以哪组选穴最佳（E）A．以肝、胆的背俞穴为主B．以肝、胆的募穴为主C．以肝、胆的下合穴为主D．以肝、胆的原穴为主E．以肝、胆的背俞穴、募穴、下合穴为主82．针灸治疗丹毒胎火蕴毒型可在基本处方上加（A）A．水沟B．合谷C．委中D．血海E．曲池83．下列各项中除（A）外，都能治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎A．中脘B．阴陵泉C．气海D．关元E．膈俞84．下列哪个腧穴是针灸治疗痔疮的经验用穴（E）A．长强B．百会C．承山D．会阳E．二白85．下列各项中除（C）外都是治疗颈部扭伤的基本处方A．大椎B．天柱C．风府D．风池E．后溪86．治疗落枕病及督脉、太阳经者，可在基本处方上再加（C）A．风池、风市、肩井B．肩井、肩外俞、风市C．肩外俞、风府、天柱D．风市、风池、风府E．风府、肩井、风池87．治疗颈椎病头晕目眩者可在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．膈俞、条口、风府B．风府、曲池、外关C．曲池、合谷、外关D．风池、百会、太阳E．天突、风门、风府88．下列各项中除（E）外都能治疗风寒痹阻型颈椎病A．风门B．风府C．后溪D．天柱E．内关89．下列各项中除（D）外均可治疗肩关节周围炎的基本穴位A．肩三针B．阿是穴C．阳陵泉D．天府E．中平穴90．下列关于腱鞘囊肿治则不正确的是（E）A．针刺为主B．泻法C．行气活血D．化瘀散结E．补法91．下列各项中除（D)外均可治疗外伤性截瘫A．委中B．三阴交C．悬钟D．风池E．足三里92．下列各项中除（A）外均为颞下颌关节功能紊乱综合征的治则A．补法B．泻法C．平补平泻D．祛风散寒E．舒筋活络93．下列各项中除（A）外，都能治疗血虚风燥型神经性皮炎A．合谷B．曲池C．血海D．委中E．大椎94．治疗脾虚卫弱型皮肤瘙痒症，可在基本处方的基础上再加（B）A．肝俞B．脾俞C．太溪D．大椎E．合谷95．治疗风热犯表型荨麻疹，可在基本处方的基础上再加（D）A．曲池B．血海C．三阴交D．大椎E．内关96．下列各项中除（E）外，都能治疗带状疱疹A．支沟B．阴陵泉C．行间D．夹脊穴E．风市97．下列治疗肾精亏虚型耳鸣、耳聋的治则中。