必修2 Unit1 grammar限制性非限制性定语从句 (11PPT)
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人教版高中英语必修2同步专题课件：专题十 定语从句III限制性和非限制性定语从句(共14张PPT)
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的,在过 去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。As“正如，
就像”引导定语从句，先行词为air quality。A项that不能引导
非限制性定语从句，B项it不能引导定语从句，D项what不能
引导定语从句。
4.（2011· 北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,______, of course, made all the others
English.
2) I have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls.
3) Pass me the book, the cover of which is red.
【高考链接】
1.(2012•全国高考)That evening, ____I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：艾伦是一个画鸟和自然 的画家，由于某种原因，他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语
从句，Ellen是先行词，在从句中作主语。解题时，先把插入
语for some reason去掉。故选B。
3. (2012· 福建高考)The air quality in the city,___is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what
高中语法非限制性定语从句必修二PPT课件
她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。
1.I have a sister who works in a hospital. 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。 （不只一位姐姐）
2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital. 我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）
which/that which/that
which which
whose
whose
when
when 介词+which
where
where
why/for which for which
非限制性定从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对 其进行修饰，常用which引导，这时从句谓语动 词用第三人称单数。
She seems not to have grasped what I meant, which upsets me.
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
as 与 which
1. 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以 互换。
The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted.
观察比较
A: This is the house which we bought last month. He is the only one of the students that is good at French . Restrictive attributive clause(限制性定语从句)
4. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正 如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。
1.I have a sister who works in a hospital. 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。 （不只一位姐姐）
2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital. 我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）
which/that which/that
which which
whose
whose
when
when 介词+which
where
where
why/for which for which
非限制性定从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对 其进行修饰，常用which引导，这时从句谓语动 词用第三人称单数。
She seems not to have grasped what I meant, which upsets me.
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
as 与 which
1. 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以 互换。
The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted.
观察比较
A: This is the house which we bought last month. He is the only one of the students that is good at French . Restrictive attributive clause(限制性定语从句)
4. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正 如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。
高中限制性和非限制性定语从句经典课件
他有两个妹妹在汉阴工作。 （two）He has two sisters, who are working in Han Yin. (He has only two sisters.)
他有两个妹妹, 她们在汉阴工作。
Discovering the differences
以下两个句子之间只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。
Senior English Cultural relics
Book 2 Unit 1
Grammar
The Restrictive and
Non-Restrictive
Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
that which who whom whose
when where why prep+which
（1）My brother will wear no shoes which will make him different from others. (言外之意:和别人穿一样的)
我弟弟不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的鞋子。
（2） My brother will wear no shoes, which will make him different from others. (言外之意:不穿鞋子)
我弟弟不穿鞋子, 这会使他显得与众不同。
非限制性定语从句
He has two sisters, (who are working in Han Yin).
构成：
先行词
+,(逗号)+
关系词
指代作用
指人 指物 在定语从句中的作用
who √
whom √
主语
宾语
宾语
他有两个妹妹, 她们在汉阴工作。
Discovering the differences
以下两个句子之间只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。
Senior English Cultural relics
Book 2 Unit 1
Grammar
The Restrictive and
Non-Restrictive
Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
that which who whom whose
when where why prep+which
（1）My brother will wear no shoes which will make him different from others. (言外之意:和别人穿一样的)
我弟弟不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的鞋子。
（2） My brother will wear no shoes, which will make him different from others. (言外之意:不穿鞋子)
我弟弟不穿鞋子, 这会使他显得与众不同。
非限制性定语从句
He has two sisters, (who are working in Han Yin).
构成：
先行词
+,(逗号)+
关系词
指代作用
指人 指物 在定语从句中的作用
who √
whom √
主语
宾语
宾语
unit1grammar_定语从句新人教版必修2精品PPT课件
5. I, who is your good friend, will try my best to help you. __a_m_
2.A.He is a man who I can ask for help.
B.His father , who works in Beijing, came back yesterday
限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从 句，剩余部分意义不完整；
非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果 去掉从句，意义仍然完整。
如果是物，则由“_介_词__+_w_hi_c_h_____”引导
先行词是way时，后面定语从句 可以用 in which=that=( )
先行词是reason时，用 why=for which
Who is she? Cecilia, ___w_h_o_ took weightloss pills, now realizes that
1.I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.
2.Many people , some of whom are not overweight , are going on diets.
American, came to China yesterday.
2. In those days, she used to go to Mr. black, with w__h_o_m_ she had a wonderful time.
3. I bought a car yesterday,_w__h_i_ch cost me a lot.
2.A.He is a man who I can ask for help.
B.His father , who works in Beijing, came back yesterday
限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从 句，剩余部分意义不完整；
非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果 去掉从句，意义仍然完整。
如果是物，则由“_介_词__+_w_hi_c_h_____”引导
先行词是way时，后面定语从句 可以用 in which=that=( )
先行词是reason时，用 why=for which
Who is she? Cecilia, ___w_h_o_ took weightloss pills, now realizes that
1.I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.
2.Many people , some of whom are not overweight , are going on diets.
American, came to China yesterday.
2. In those days, she used to go to Mr. black, with w__h_o_m_ she had a wonderful time.
3. I bought a car yesterday,_w__h_i_ch cost me a lot.
Book 2 Unit 1 Grammar限制性和非限制性定语从句
归纳三： 先行词 。 1.限制性定语从句的关系词只指代________ 2.非限制性定语从句关系词既可指代 先行词 ，也可指代 _________ 整个主句 。 ________
练一练： (1) This letter is from her parents, who are working in Tibet.) (_______ (2) His mother, ( _________ whom he loved very much, ) died in 2011. (3) Football, ( _________ which is a very interesting game,)is played all over the world. (4) Mr. King, ( _________ whose legs were badly hurt, )was quickly sent to hospital. (5) The Chinese will never forget October 1st, 1949, ( ________ when the PRC was founded.) /on which
（非限制性定语从句）
限制性定语从句
人 物/时/地/原
主语
who, that which, that 宾语 who, whom, which, that, that, ~ ~ 定语 whose 时间： 状语 when 地点： = 介词+which where 原因： why = for which
3) Mr. Wang who/that is my former teacher retired last year. Mr. Wang, who is my former teacher, retired last year. 4) The house which/that has a swimming pool is very expensive. The house, which has a swimming pool, is very expensive. 5) Students admire (钦佩) the professor a lot (whom/who/that) you are talking about. Students admire(钦佩) the professor a lot, whom you are talking about. 6) This novel (which/that) I have read three times is very touching. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
高一英语人教新课标必修2Unit1非限制性定语从句课件
Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people 定语从句，常位于 like to make friends.句首，which不可 以 介词 + 关系代词， I like the house , whose windows face the sea. 介词的选用，要 先行词在从句做定语， People will remember August 8th,2008, when 根据从句的谓语 用关系词whose 动词的构成。 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. 先行词在从句中做时间状语，用when或介 词+which。
whose
三、关系副词（where,when）的指 代关系
指地点 指时间 在定语从句中的作 用
Where When
tip
介词+which
√
地点状语 √ 时间状语
that，why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。 As引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首，指代 整个的主句。常译为“正如”
整理一番
当我们做非限制性定语从句的练 习时，往往先确定先行词，然后 再分析先行词在从句中的作用， 再对关系词加以选择。
Fill in the blanks with proper link words
The doctor lives downstairs
“Doctor,” she said loudly, breaking into the room,____ where there was a man,"I want you to tell what is wrong with me.“ He looked at her from head to foot, then said, “____ As is shown in the mirror,I've just three things to tell whose you. First, I suggest you,my lady,_________ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty pounds. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick（口红）, by which _____ you will be prettier. And third, I'm an artist---the doctor, whom ______you are looking for, lives downstairs."
人教新课标高中英语语法 限制性和非限制性定语从句(有答案,17张PPT)
9．This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.
_____________________a_s__________________
10．Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
_____________w__a_n_t_______________________
Attributive clause:
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。
定 语
关系
指人
who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)， that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
instructive. 这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。 ③As everyone can see，she is honest. 她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。 ④She is honest，which everyone can see. 她的诚实是大家有共睹的。 ⑤As we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 ⑥Tom suddenly fell ill，which made us very sad. 汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Book 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics
The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
(限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句)
Learning aims:
_____________________a_s__________________
10．Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
_____________w__a_n_t_______________________
Attributive clause:
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。
定 语
关系
指人
who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)， that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
instructive. 这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。 ③As everyone can see，she is honest. 她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。 ④She is honest，which everyone can see. 她的诚实是大家有共睹的。 ⑤As we all know，smoking is harmful to one's health. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 ⑥Tom suddenly fell ill，which made us very sad. 汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。
Book 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics
The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
(限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句)
Learning aims:
人教版必修 2 Unit 1 Grammar, The attributive clause1 限制性和非限制性定语从句(讲义)
1. 全面掌握限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别。
2. 正确理解非限制性定语从句的引导词的作用及which, as的特别用法。
重点：限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别。
难点：非限制性定语从句中的关系词的运用。
1. 非限制性定语从句在高中阶段考试中占有很大比例，经常在单项选择，语法填空尤其是阅读理解中出现并进行考查。
2. which, as所引导的非限制性定语从句是考查的重点。
限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别1. The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow—brown colour like honey.选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。
2. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
（1）非限制性定语从句关系词的使用关系代词无论指人还是指物，都不能用that。
指人时，如果关系词作主语用who，作宾语用whom，指物时用which。
即使关系词作宾语也不能省略。
Mary, who is from Australia, is an old friend of mine.玛丽是我的一位老朋友，她来自澳大利亚。
非限制性定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择方法和限制性定语从句一样，作主语和宾语时用关系代词，作状语时用关系副词。
He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他将把野餐推迟到5月1日，那时他将有空。
【课件】Unit1 非限定性定语从句课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册
where many people come to buy tea.
(3). I don’t know the reason why she got so angry.
(4). You are talking to the old man who saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.
下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径 庭。
a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others.
他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。
b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others.
army.
A .这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。 （隐含的意义：只有一个儿子）
B. 这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。 （隐含的意义：也许还有其他儿子， 在干别的工作）
Group 2 A. Jim doesn’t like to ask questions
which make his teacher angry. B. Jim doesn’t like to ask questions,
(9). Xi’an is one of the few cities whose walls remain as good as before.
(10). Shaanxi Province is a place whose/where cultural relics are well looked after.
D. What
as引导非限制性定语从句位于句首时，不能 与which 替换。
(3). I don’t know the reason why she got so angry.
(4). You are talking to the old man who saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.
下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径 庭。
a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others.
他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。
b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others.
army.
A .这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。 （隐含的意义：只有一个儿子）
B. 这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。 （隐含的意义：也许还有其他儿子， 在干别的工作）
Group 2 A. Jim doesn’t like to ask questions
which make his teacher angry. B. Jim doesn’t like to ask questions,
(9). Xi’an is one of the few cities whose walls remain as good as before.
(10). Shaanxi Province is a place whose/where cultural relics are well looked after.
D. What
as引导非限制性定语从句位于句首时，不能 与which 替换。
新课标高中英语必修二unit1 第一讲Grammar限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
与主句语意关系 表意 紧凑，定语从句 不能删除 与主句语意关系松散, 定语从句可以删除 修饰先行词或整个句子
功能
修饰先行词
无逗号与主句分开 有逗号与主句分开
形式
使用时不能用 使用时可以用that that引导 引导
The gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
They discovered the underground city last month.
Here are the farmers.
Here are the farmers who discovered the underground city last month.
Hangzhou is a famous city in China.
1. Look at the girl _________ who/that is singing so beautifully. 关系代词在定语从句中代替先行词 2. Do you know the woman to ______ our whom 做主语、宾语、表语或定语。先行词做主 teacher is talking? 宾表, 是人时用 _____, who ______ whom 或 _____ that ； 3. Jim is the boy ______ hat is red. whose 是物时用 which ______ 或 ______ that 。先行词作定 4. He语 gave me a…… pen ___________ he bought that / which , 表示“ 的”时 ,用 ______ whose 。 last week. 5. Mary has read all the books ______ that I lent her.
高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册：Unit1 限制性定语从句(课件)
Unit1 Cultural Heritage
Discovering Useful Structures 限制性定语从句
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考， 能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不 能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本 人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助 大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
• 4 定语从句的谓语如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。 例如: He received the email he was looking forward to.
关系代词特殊用法
• that 和 which
以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 • 1.先行词为不定代词everything, something, nothing, anything或由few, little, much,
• 2)关系词在从句中充当某个句子成分(主语、 宾语、 表语、 定语、 状语等)。
• 3)常用的关系代词：that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as 常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语)：when（时间）、 where（地点）、why
（原因）
关系代词的实质
• A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
• 每个句子中的先行词分别是什么?先行词的词性分别是？
• time，cultural relics.....
先行词都是名词
思考和讨论
你发现先行词和关系词有什么关系？你发现了什么规律?
先行词
Discovering Useful Structures 限制性定语从句
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考， 能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不 能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本 人从事10多年教学经验总结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助 大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
• 4 定语从句的谓语如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。 例如: He received the email he was looking forward to.
关系代词特殊用法
• that 和 which
以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 • 1.先行词为不定代词everything, something, nothing, anything或由few, little, much,
• 2)关系词在从句中充当某个句子成分(主语、 宾语、 表语、 定语、 状语等)。
• 3)常用的关系代词：that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as 常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语)：when（时间）、 where（地点）、why
（原因）
关系代词的实质
• A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
• 每个句子中的先行词分别是什么?先行词的词性分别是？
• time，cultural relics.....
先行词都是名词
思考和讨论
你发现先行词和关系词有什么关系？你发现了什么规律?
先行词
陕西省石泉县江南高级中学人教版高中英语必修二课件：unit1Grammar(非限制性定语从句)(共39张PPT)
2. 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which，在从句中作状语 When=in/at/on/during…+which; Where=in/at/on/…+which; Why=for /…+which
1.Do you still remember the day when (on which) we went to visit the museum together?
The house in which we live is not large.
介词+关系代词的练习
1. Do you like the book
on which she spent $10?
2. Do you like the book for which
she paid $10?
3. Do you like the book about which she often talks?
Games.
4. The boy _w_h_o_s_e___ father is a professor is one of my best friends. 5. The house __w_h_o_s_e_ roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt
makes his
2.Mr King, _w__h_oaken to hospital.
3.He said he had no bike, _w_h__ic_h___ was not true.
4.We shall make a decision about Ms King, _w_h_o_s_e_ story I have just told you. 5.Mr Smith,____w_h_o_ gave a talk several months ago, will come again. 6.My uncle has come back from abroad,_w_h_o_m____ I haven’t met for along time.
必修2-unit1限制性和非限制性定语从句
必修2-unit1限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句一、定语的概念：定语通常由形容词来担任，起限定和修饰名词或代词的作用。
① She is a beautiful girl.（beautiful是定语）二、定语从句的概念：由一个句子来担任定语的功能，相当于一个形容词，用来限定和修饰名词或代词。
② She is a girl who is beautiful.（who is beautiful这整个句子做定语）三、定语从句中的概念例：This is an old computer. It works much slower.（这是两个简单句，其中后一句中的it代替an old computer) →This is an old computerwhich/thatworks much slower.（这是一个复合句，which/that代替an old computer 引导定语从句）②The CD is very good. I bought the CD.→The CD that/which I bought is very good.③This is the house.We lived in the house two years ago.→This is the house where we lived two years ago.A.先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词B.关系词：引导定语从句的词关系词主要起三个作用：1.代替先行词2.在定语从句中作句子成分引导从句3.把从句和主句连接起来四、定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：①形式不同：限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，与先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词。
非限制性定语从句仅作为补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个句子。
Eg:This is the house which we bought last month. （限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. （非限制性）②功能不同：限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清。
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定语从句的相关概念
1.定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词 There was an earthquake which happened in Tangshan in 1976. 3.引导定语从句的关系词：
关系代词： who, whom, whose, which, that等 关系副词：when, where, why等 4、关系词的功能: 1)连接主句与从句 2)指代先行词 3)在从句中充当成分
三、关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系
指人 指物 在定语从句中的 作用
Who Whom
√ √ √ √ √
主语 宾语
宾语
主语 宾语 主语 宾语 定语
Which
that whose √ √
1.先看 先行词
2，再看引导词在从句中充 当什么成分。
that 1.The man who/ _________came to our school is Mr. Wang.
2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是 对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍 然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一 般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可 省略。如：
a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history.
Translation
1. 我请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。 who lives next door I’ve invited Jim, ___________________. 2. 我们将在7月份毕业,那时我们就自由了。 We’ll graduate in July, ________________. when we will be free 3. 他进步了,这使我们大家都很高兴。 which makes He has made great progress, ____________ us very happy _________. 4. 金先生的双腿受了重伤,他很快就被送去 医院了。 whose legs were badly injured Mr King, ____________________________, was quickly sent to the hospital.
下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。 a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。 b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。
2.A child _______parents are dead is called Tom. whose
3.I like the person to _________you just talked. whom
4.I still remember the day when I first came here. 5.The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. why 6.That is the reason I did the job.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 形式上 意义上 不用逗号和主句隔开 是先行词不可缺少的 定语，不能删除 非限制性定语从句 用逗号和主句隔开 是对先行词的补充说 明，删除后意思仍完 整
译法上 关系词 的使用 上
翻译成先行词的定语， 通常翻译成主句的并 “…的…” 列句 A.做宾语时可省略 B. 可用that A.不可省 B. 指人做主语用who, 宾语用whom. 指物which,
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。 b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。
c) Peter, whom you met yesterday, is an old friend of mine .
• 3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往 为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句 的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句 常由which引导。 • e.g. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. • 一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。 • 析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女 子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个 主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。
Let me try!
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和 主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从 句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。 如： a) I have a brother who is a student. 我有一个是学生的弟弟。（暗含不止一个弟弟） b) I have a brother, who is a student. 我有一个弟弟，他是一个学生。（暗含只有一个弟弟）
1.定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词 There was an earthquake which happened in Tangshan in 1976. 3.引导定语从句的关系词：
关系代词： who, whom, whose, which, that等 关系副词：when, where, why等 4、关系词的功能: 1)连接主句与从句 2)指代先行词 3)在从句中充当成分
三、关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系
指人 指物 在定语从句中的 作用
Who Whom
√ √ √ √ √
主语 宾语
宾语
主语 宾语 主语 宾语 定语
Which
that whose √ √
1.先看 先行词
2，再看引导词在从句中充 当什么成分。
that 1.The man who/ _________came to our school is Mr. Wang.
2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是 对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍 然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一 般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可 省略。如：
a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history.
Translation
1. 我请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。 who lives next door I’ve invited Jim, ___________________. 2. 我们将在7月份毕业,那时我们就自由了。 We’ll graduate in July, ________________. when we will be free 3. 他进步了,这使我们大家都很高兴。 which makes He has made great progress, ____________ us very happy _________. 4. 金先生的双腿受了重伤,他很快就被送去 医院了。 whose legs were badly injured Mr King, ____________________________, was quickly sent to the hospital.
下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。 a) He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others. 他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。 b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。
2.A child _______parents are dead is called Tom. whose
3.I like the person to _________you just talked. whom
4.I still remember the day when I first came here. 5.The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. why 6.That is the reason I did the job.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 形式上 意义上 不用逗号和主句隔开 是先行词不可缺少的 定语，不能删除 非限制性定语从句 用逗号和主句隔开 是对先行词的补充说 明，删除后意思仍完 整
译法上 关系词 的使用 上
翻译成先行词的定语， 通常翻译成主句的并 “…的…” 列句 A.做宾语时可省略 B. 可用that A.不可省 B. 指人做主语用who, 宾语用whom. 指物which,
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。 b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。
c) Peter, whom you met yesterday, is an old friend of mine .
• 3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往 为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句 的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句 常由which引导。 • e.g. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. • 一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。 • 析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女 子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个 主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。
Let me try!
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和 主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从 句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。 如： a) I have a brother who is a student. 我有一个是学生的弟弟。（暗含不止一个弟弟） b) I have a brother, who is a student. 我有一个弟弟，他是一个学生。（暗含只有一个弟弟）