基于UAV无人机影像的树高反演研究

摘要

经过几十年的发展，我国已经初步形成了规模化的遥感对地观测体系，反演遥感技术越来越成熟，利用反演可以解决诸多问题。森林是我们人类赖以生存的重要资源之一，我国同时也是一个资源大国，但森林覆盖率却远远低于世界平均水平，林业资源在很多方面都应用广泛，因此我们需要尽可能的掌握林业资源的信息，同时需要林业调查周期要求更短，数据要求更精细，无人机遥感系统具有机动性、快速、分辨率高、适用范围更广等优点，适合林业调查的工作要求，能增强林业调查工作能力。传统的森林调查对于测量工作人员来说劳动强度大，经常会遇到按设计方案实施所得的结果能否不能够达到工程要求的问题。反观，无人机应用还可以减少外业作业时间降低劳动程度，提高工作效率。

总之，本文介绍了对利用获取的无人机影像反演的原理，通过采用ENVI软件和PHOTOSCAN以及LiDAR360软件平台，按照无人机影像处理的流程，使用通过无人机获取的影像处理生成的高精度数字表面模型和数字高程模型而后来得到冠层高程模型，提取林分树高森林参数信息，并对提取的结果与外业调查、目视判读做出了对比和分析，单木树高分割以及提取的森林参数信息可以达到非常高的精度，对无人机图像在森林资源调查中的应用做了一些研究，为其他森林信息的提取提供了思路，并对调查和监测森林资源在一定程度上进行技术指导。

关键词：无人机影像；反演；树高；单木分割

ABSTRACT

After decades of development, China has initially formed a large-scale remote sensing earth observation system,Inversion of remote sensing technology is becoming more and more mature. Inversion can solve many problems.Forest is one of the most important

resources for human survival. China is also a resource giant country,But the forest coverage rate is far lower than the average level in the world.Forest resources are widely used in many aspects, so we need to master the information of forest resources as much as possible,the forestry survey cycle is shorter and the data requirements are more detailed,the UA V remote sensing system has the advantages of maneuverability, high speed, high resolution and wide application,it’s suitable for forestry survey work requirements, it can enhance the ability of forestry investigation work.The traditional forest survey is very hard for the survey staff and people often meet the problems of whether the results obtained by the design plan can meet the requirements of the project.The application of UA V can also reduce the operation time, reduce labor level and improve work efficiency.

In this paper, the principle of using remote sensing inversion is introduced.,through the use of ENVI software and Agisoft Photoscan software platform, according to the UA V image processing process,forest parameters such as crown width, tree height, were extracted on the basis of DEM and DSM data,and the results of extraction are compared with those of field investigation and visual interpretation.In a word, using high precision digital surface model and Digital Orthophoto Image generated by UA V image, combined with object-oriented classification method, multi-scale segmentation and spatial analysis technology, the forest parameter information extracted from single tree crown and single tree tree height can reach very high precision. In this paper, the application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UA V) images in the investigation of forest resources was tried, and the methods of forest DSM, DEM ,CHM production and information extraction were discussed, which provided some ideas for the extraction of other forest information, and the technical guidance to the investigation and monitoring of forest resources to a certain extent.

Key words:UAV image;Inver sion;Tree height;Single wood segmentation

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