美国教育体制演讲PPT

Primary school
• American children start school at the age of five years. The first year at school is called kindergarten. It is required of all American children enrolled in the American education system. The second year at school is considered the first year of primary school and is referred to as first grade.
Undergraduate school
• Undergraduate school offers either a two-year degree or a four-year degree (bachelor’s degree) in a specific course of major. While most schools that offer a four-year degree will admit students who have not yet chosen a major, all students are required to select a major by their second year at school. Students who complete an associate degree can continue their education at a four-year school and eventually complete a bachelor’s degree.
Grades Universities
• In the US employ a system of continual assessment and they assign grades for each course taken by the students. • All classroom activities like class attendance, examinations or tests, laboratory works/reports, written assignments and other similar activities influence the student’s final grade. • Hence it is very important for the students to attend classes on a regular basis and keep up with the studies and course work.
• Other Vacation Time: Some schools and
colleges may also close their doors for a variety of religious and national holidays. These holidays are short one or two day breaks.
Vacation
• Thanksgiving: The fourth Thursday in
November and the following Friday.
• Winter Break: Two weeks in late December
and early January. They include time off for Christmas holidays. • Spring Break: One week in March or April.
Secondary school
• Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades. The ninth through twelfth grades are most commonly referred to as high school. Upon completion of twelfth grade, American students are awarded a certificate called the high school diploma so as to be admitted into college or university.
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Semesters
• Depending on the university, the academic year starts sometime from late August to mid-September. • Most universities use the semester system where there are two major periods of study in each academic year - Fall and Spring. • There are 16 or 17 weeks of study in each semester. There may also be a shorter optional period of study in the summer.
Credit System
• Students at American universities complete their degrees on accumulation of between 130 and 180 credits. Sometimes the terms “semester/quarter hours” or “units” are also used instead of credits. Each individual course you take each semester earns a specified number (usually three or four) of credits/hours/units. The academic adviser helps the students in planning their course schedule for the academic year.
Graduate school
• Students who have obtained a bachelor’s degree can continue their education by pursuing one of two types of degrees. The first is a master’s degree and the other is PhD( Doctor of Philosophy)
letter grade scale
• • • • • • 100 – 90% = A 89 – 80% = B 79 – 70% = C 69 – 60% = D 59 – 50% = E 49 – 0% = F
• The following is a general percentage “letter grade scale” for classes taken at U.S. colleges: • Letter systems generally run from A to F, with A representing outstanding work and F representing failure. Sometimes these systems are fractional, so that indices such as "2.5" or "A+" or "A-" appear on records，and if you want to apply for the scholarship ,you must get a grade higher than C .
College Education
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Examination system Credit System Semester Vacation Grades Universities
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Examination system
• Usually a student has to appear in two major examinations: final and mid-term. Mid-term examinations are held half way through the course. The final examinations are given at the end of the semester. They are usually written. The final examinations last from 2-3 hours while mid-term one last for an hour only. In addition to these fixed examinations, professors also sometimes take weekly quizzes. • The final grade is usually based on the instructor's judgment, which takes into account not only the several examinations given, but also written papers, participation in oral discussions, field and laboratory work. A student needs to work very hard to qualify brilliantly in the examinations.stem