基于PLC的带式输送机监控系统的研究

西安科技大学

硕士学位论文

基于PLC的带式输送机监控系统的研究

姓名：刘凯深

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：机械电子工程

指导教师：杜功儒

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论文题目：基于PLC的带式输送机监控系统的研究

专 业：机械电子工程

硕 士 生：刘凯深 （签名） 指导教师：杜功儒 （签名）

摘 要

大功率、长距离、高带速的带式输送机滚筒一般由多个电机驱动。实际运行中由于单个电机的不同特性以及安装误差等原因造成驱动电机的速度不同，致使各个电机之间受力不均，严重时造成其中动一台电机超载运行，甚至烧坏，影响了带式输送机的安全运行。本文针对该问题，研究了多机驱动电机的同步控制方法，设计了基于可编程控制器的多机同步控制系统。

针对多机同步控制系统的硬件要求搭建了试验台，设计了多机同步的控制方法：通过旋转编码器输出主动电机和从动电机的转速脉冲信号到可编程控制器。可编程控制器的PID控制回路根据转速误差输出控制信号到变频器。多机同步控制系统通过调节从动电机变频器的频率来改变从动电机的转速，达到多机同步的目的。

根据实验要求设计了基于组态王工控软件的带式输送机监控系统。该系统能够实时监控带式输送机的运行参数如，电机电流、电机转速、变频器运行频率等。通过系统的PID控制画面可以改变PID回路的参数，达到最佳的调节效果。

通过同步控制的实验数据验证了系统的性能。在30%、60%、80%最大转速情况下采集了主动电机和从动电机的转速，并计算出稳速精度。数据表明系统的稳速精度可以控制在0.2%以内。在不同PID参数下观察从动电机转速的动态响应曲线，实验表明比例系数为0.7，积分时间为0.1min时，系统的调节效果最好。为了验证系统的PID参数，对主动电机加载20%、30%、50%最大转速的阶跃信号，观察从动电机转速的响应情况。实验表明从动电机对主动电机有良好的跟随能力，能够满足实际应用的要求。

关 键 词：输送带；PID；同步控制；PLC控制

研究类型：应用研究

Subject : Research on Monitoring and Alarm System of Conveyor

in Coal Mine Based on PLC

Specialty: Mechanical Electronic Engineering

Name : Liu Kaishen (Signature)

Supervisor: Du Gongru (Signature)

ABSTRACT

Multi-motor drive is widely used in conveyor belt, which is high power, long distance and high speed. For the actual operation because of different characteristics of a single motor and the installation error and other causes making drive motor at different speeds. It’s make the two drive motors endure different moment, which causes serious overloading of motor and even burning. These problems affect the belt conveyor safe operation. From this paper, in order to solve the problem research the synchronous multi-machine drive motor control method, and design the synchronous multi-machine control system based on the programmable logic controller.

According to the multi-machine synchronization control system hardware requirements built test rig, design the method of multi-machine synchronization control method as follows: the programmable logic controller inputs speed pulse signal of motor and driven motors, which outputted by rotary encoder. PLC PID control circuit according to speed error controls the signal outputted to the inverter. Multi-machine synchronization control system by adjusting the frequency of the inverter to change the speed of the driven motor in order to achieve the purpose of multi-machine synchronization. The system can run real-time monitoring parameters such as: motor current, motor speed, inverter operating frequency and so on. Through the PID screen can change the PID control loop parameters to achieve the best results. Data show that speed run in a variety of circumstances the stability of the system can control the speed accuracy within 0.2%.Experiment shows that when the gain is 0.7 times, the integration time is 0.1 min, the system performs best.

In order to verify the system's PID parameters, load 20%, 30%, and 50% of the maximum speed of the step signal to observe the response of the driven motor speed. Experiments show that the driven motor is able to follow the command motor, which meets