专八翻译 2006-2009 真题和译文,版本一
专八-翻译答案
1997年参考译文：欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
然而，享用昂贵的东西并不完全是富人的特权，除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。
我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众，面向那些个人没有支付能力的人。
然而，问题是我们为什么要这么做。
没有人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育是不可或缺的。
但是，即使在史前的穴居时代，人们伸出手来，也不仅仅是为了吃喝，为了搏杀，而且还有一个目的，那就是动手作画。
人们对文化的冲动，即人们希望通过想象和再现来表现并探索这个世界的愿望，才是最根本的。
在欧洲，人们通过音乐、美术、文学和戏剧等方面的不朽作品的创作，实现了这一愿望。
这些杰作是衡量人类努力程度的试金石，是检验人类思维和想象潜能的标准，它们有着最深厚的寓意，并在人们彼此之间传播。
Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor is of Asian origin. He is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp/irritable temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into what Asian students have on their mind. Hence, of all the students recruited into his laboratory, except for one German, the other five were all from Asia. He even put an eye-catching notice on the door of his lab, which read, “All the research assistants of this laboratory are requir ed to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Nothing but work during the working hours.” This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. During the 3 and a half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the dissuasions from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.1998年参考译文（翻译第二段）：因此，我们在说“美国”文学，并不表明我们认为美国文学与欧洲文学截然不同。
2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案-中大网校
2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：190分PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE(1)<A href="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)根据材料，请在（2）处填上最佳答案。
(3)根据材料，请在（3）处填上最佳答案。
(4)根据材料，请在（4）处填上最佳答案。
(5)根据材料，请在（5）处填上最佳答案。
(6)根据材料，请在（6）处填上最佳答案。
(7)根据材料，请在（7）处填上最佳答案。
(8)根据材料，请在（8）处填上最佳答案。
(9)根据材料，请在（9）处填上最佳答案。
(10)根据材料，请在（10）处填上最佳答案。
SECTION B INTERVIEW & SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?A. Doing surveys at workplacB. Analyzing survey resultC. Designing questionnaireD. Taking a psychology cours(3)According to Miss Green，the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of worB. office decoratioC. office locatioD. work procedure(4)Why did Miss Green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the companB. She felt work there too demandinC. She was denied promotion in the companD. She longed for new opportunitie(5)How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and readB. She sounded mildly eageC. She was a bit surpriseD. She sounded very reluctan(6)<A href="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(7)Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31－year－old student from FrankfurB. He was piloting a two－seat helicopter he had stoleC. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radiD. He threatened to land on the European Central Ban(8)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(9)According to the news，what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner’s voicB. that it can remember a passworC. that it can identify the owner’s voicD. that it can remember the owner's PI(10)The newly developed credit card is said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switcB. batterC. speakeD. built－in chiPART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?A. Internet based courses may be less costly than traditional oneB. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobC. Internet-based courseware may lack variety in course contenD. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicit(3)According to the review，what is the fundamental mission of traditional university education?A. Knowledge learning and career buildinB. Learning how to solve existing social problemC. Researching into solutions to current world problemD. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learnin(4)Judging from the three new roles envisioned for tomorrow’s university faculty，university teachersA. are required to conduct more independent researcB. are required to offer more courses to their studentC. are supposed to assume more demanding dutieD. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialt(5)Which category of writing does the review belong to?A. NarratioB. DescriptioC. PersuasioD. Expositio(6)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(7)Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’s hometown?A. LifelesB. ReligiouC. TraditionaD. Quie(8)From the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his parents wasA. closeB. remotC. tensD. impossible to tel(9)It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPTA. consideratB. punctuaC. thriftD. dominan(10)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(11)Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A. Melting snowB. Large populatioC. Steep hillsideD. Fertile valley(12)According to the passage，the Pathans welcomedA. the introduction of the riflB. the spread of British rulC. the extension of luxurieD. the spread of trad(13)Building roads by the BritishA. put an end to a whole series of quarrelB. prevented the Pathans from carrying on feudC. lessened the subsidies paid to the PathanD. gave the Pathans a much quieter lif(14)A suitable title for the passage would beA. Campaigning on the Indian frontieB. Why the Pathans resented the British rulC. The popularity of rifles among the PathanD. The Pathans at wa(15)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>The sentence “Museum is a slippery word” in the first paragraph means thatA. the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the l5th centurB. the meaning of the word had changed over the yearC. the Greeks held different concepts from the RomanD. princes and merchants added paintings to their collection(16)The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates fromA. the RomanB. FlorencC. OlympiD. Gree(17)“．．．the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined”in the third paragraph means thatA. there was a great demand for fakerB. fakers grew rapidly in numbeC. fakers became more skillfuD. fakers became more polit(18)Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the l5th century wereA. collected from elsewherB. made part of the buildingC. donated by peoplD. bought by churche(19)Modern museums came into existence in order toA. protect royal and church treasureB. improve existing collectionC. stimulate public interesD. raise more fund(20)Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Collection and collectorB. The evolution of museumC. Modern museums and their functionD. The birth of museumPART ⅢGENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)The capital of New Zealand isA. ChristchurcB. AucklanC. WellingtoD. Hamilto(3)Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers?A. The AborigineB. The MaorC. The IndianD. The Eskimo(4)The Prime Minister in Britain is head ofA. the Shadow CabineB. the ParliamenC. the OppositioD. the Cabine(5)Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. ElioB. LawrencC. Theodore DreiseD. James Joyc(6)The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written byA. Scott FitzgeralB. William FaulkneC. Eugene O’NeilD. Ernest Hemingwa(7)__________is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram(8)What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion ofA. referencB. meaninC. antonymD. contex(9)The words “kid，child，off spring”are examples ofA. dialectal synonymB. stylistic synonymC. emotive synonymD. collocational synonym(10)The distinction between parole and langue was made byA. HallidaB. ChomskC. BloomfielD. SaussurPART ⅣPROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></ A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)根据材料，请在（2）处填上最佳答案。
英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案
英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. Butexpensive things are inevitably the province(范围) of the richunless we abdicate(退位、放弃) society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera andother expensive forms of culture, accessible(易接近的，可达到的) to those who cannot individually pay for it. Thequestion is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives(必要的)of food, shelter, defence,health and education. But even in aprehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse(冲动) towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation(表述、陈述)is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment(完成、成就) in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones(标准、试金石) for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for thepossibilities to which human thought andimagination may aspire(立志、追求目标、渴望); they carry the most profound (深厚的、深刻的)messagesthat can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈:你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
专八翻译 2006-2009 真题和译文,版本一
TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1中国民族自古以来从不把人看做高于一切，在哲学方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占有一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。
因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。
农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。
况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。
并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀和巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。
中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。
TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1Since ancient times the Chinese nationalities have never considered human beings to be superior to other species . As is reflected in Chinese philosophy , in the natural world human beings occupy a reasonable position in proportion to all other creatures and the former do not absolutely dominate the latter . Therefore , generally speaking , we Chinese feel depressed less often and less severely than people in the west , for the intensity of one’s depression literally varies with the magnitude of one’s desire and ambition . As people in an agricultural society enjoy much fewer comforts than those in an industrial society , they have fewer desires or wishes . Moreover , ancient Chinese always took it as they most fundamental philosophy of life that one should not merely be confined to material pursuits , or be kept in bondage by material things .TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2(On May 13 , 1940 , Winston Churchill , the newly appointed British Prime Minister , gave his first speech to Parliament . He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression , at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt .) “... I have nothing to offer but blood , toil , tears , and sweat . We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind . We have before us many , many , months of struggle and suffering .You ask , what is our policy ? I say it is to wage war by land , sea , and air . War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us , and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime .You ask , what is our aim ? I can answer in one word . It is victory . Victory at all that the British Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge , the impulse of the ages , that mankind shall move forward toward his goal .I take up my task in buoyancy and hope . I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men . I feel entitled at this juncture , at this time , to claim the aid of all to say , ‘Come then , let us go forward together with our united strength ‘. ”TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。
英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案
英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案1997年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive thingsare inevitably the province(范围) of the richunless we abdicate(退位、放弃) society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible(易接近的，可达到的) to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is:why should we? No body denies the imperatives(必要的)of food,shelter, defence, health and education. But evenin a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse(冲动) towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation(表述、陈述)is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has foundfulfillment(完成、成就) in the masterpieces of ourmusic, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones(标准、试金石) for all our efforts; theyare the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire(立志、追求目标、渴望); they carry the most profound (深厚的、深刻的)messages thatcan be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈:你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。
2006年英语专业八级考试真题及解析
The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University — a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around t in cyberspace. A computerized university could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.
2006-1
2006年
5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job? [A] She was willing and ready.
英语专业八级翻译试题真题及答案
英语专业八级翻译试题真题英语专业八级翻译练习题1．英译汉（1）Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.梭罗所理解的"低层次"，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥有。
他心目中的"高层次"，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自然界永恒之物的感悟臻于完美。
对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。
勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可确保他能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。
Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of "The pleasure of taking pains". The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓所在。
历年英语专业八级翻译真题以及答案
1995简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1996近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
十年专八翻译真题附答案
2013汉译英生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。
Life is like a cup of wine；people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it.将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。
Hold in the hand and gaze at it，the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood，which is the impress of life.抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。
Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste，the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life，which is complicated and blurred.喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。
Once the sip is swallowed，the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind，leaving a person lifelong benefit.红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。
There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine：the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows，just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant.当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。
When life comes to twilight years，it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity，just like a bottle of wine to be savored.英译汉联合国代表大会，中心政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括世界上所有国家，其中三分之二的国家为发展中国家，占世界总人口的四分之三。
2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案(不包括听力)(1)
2006 年英语专业八级考试真题及答案(不包括听力)(1)Text AThe University in Transformation,edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley, presents some 20highly varied outlooks on tomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western and non-Western perspectives.Their essays raise a broad range of issues,questioning nearly every key assumption we have about higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University—a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace.A computerized university could have many advantages,such as easy scheduling,efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once,and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.Yet the Internet University poses dangers,too.For example,a line of franchised courseware,produced by a few superstar teachers,marketed under the brand name of a famous institution,and heavilyadvertised,might eventually come to dominate the global education market,warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa.Besides enforcing a rigidly standardizedcurriculum,such a“college education in a box”could undersell the offerings of many traditional brick and mortarinstitutions,effectively driving them out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work,note Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand,while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some significant role in future higher education,that does not mean greater uniformity in course content—or other dangers—will necessarily follow.Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia,including scholars contributing to this volume,are questioning the fundamental mission of university education.Whatif,for instance,instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers,university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts on existing problems in their local communities and the world?Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become“if we believed that child care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of the highest (rather than lowest) paid professionals?”Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow s universityfaculty,instead of giving lectures and conducting independent research,may take on three new roles.Some would act asbrokers,assembling customized degree-credit programmes for individual students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutions all around the world.A second group,mentors,would function much like today’s faculty advisers,but are likely to be working with many more students outside their own academic specialty.This would require them to constantly be learning from their students as well as instructing them.A third new role for faculty,and in Gidley’s view the most challenging and rewarding of all,would be as meaning-makers: charismatic sages and practitioners leading groups ofstudents/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as rational and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.Moreover,there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university must necessarily drive out all other options.Students may be“enrolled”in courses offered at virtual campuses on the Internet,between—or even during—sessions at a real world problem focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction,no future is inevitable,and the very act of imagining and thinking through alternative possibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully,creatively and urgently even a dominant technology is adapted and applied.Even in academia,the future belongs to those who care enough to work their visions into practical,sustainable realities.11. When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University,[A] he is in favour of it.[B] his view is balanced.[C] he is slightly critical of it.[D] he is strongly critical of it.12. Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?[A] Internet based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.[B] Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.[C] Internet based courseware may lack variety in course content.[D] The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.13. According to the review,what is the fundamental mission of traditional university education?[A] Knowledge learning and career building.[B] Learning how to solve existing social problems.[C] Researching into solutions to current world problems.[D] Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14. Judging from the three new roles envisioned for tomorrow s university faculty,university teachers[A] are required to conduct more independent research.[B] are required to offer more courses to their students.[C] are supposed to assume more demanding duties.[D] are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15. Which category of writing does the review belong to?[A] Narration.[B] Description.[C] Persuasion.[D] Exposition.。
2006专八真题及答案
2006专八真题及答案【篇一：2006年英语专业八级真题和答案详解】)-grade eight-part isection alistening comprehension (35min) mini-lecturein this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. you will hear the lecture once only. while listening, take notes on the important points. your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on answer sheet one. use the blank sheet for note-taking.meaning in literatinein reading literary works, we are concerned with the meaning of one literary piece or another. however, finding out what something really means is a difficult issue. there are three ways to tackle meaning in literature.i. meaning is what is intended by(1)______________________________ ( 1 ) _______ apart from reading an authors work in question, readers need to1 )read (2) _______ by the same author;2) get familiar with (3) ____ at the time;3) get to know cultural values and symbols of the time.ii. meaning exists in the text itself. ?1) some peoples view meaning is produced by the formal properties of the (2) ________ (3) ________text like (4) _______ , etc. (4) ________2) speakers view meaning is created by both conventions of meaning and(5)______________________________________________________ ___ (5) ________ therefore, agreement on meaning could be created by common traditions andconventions of usage. but different time periods and different (6) ________ (6) ____ perspectives could lead to different interpretations of meaning in a text.iq. meaning is created by(7)____________________________________ (7) ________1) meaning is (8)___________________________________ (8) ________2) meaning is contextual;3) meaning requires(9)_______________________________________(9) ________ —practicing competency in reading—practicing other competencies—background research. in (10), etc. (10) section binterviewin this section you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. at the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.now listen to the interview.1. which of the following statements is true about miss greens university days?a. she felt bored.b. she felt lonely.c. she cherished them.d. the subject was easy.2. which of the following is not part of her job with the department ofemployment?a. doing surveys at workplace.b. analyzing survey results.c. designing questionnaires.d. taking a psychology course.3. according to miss green, the main difference between the department ofemployment and the advertising agency lies in ________.a. the nature of workb. office decorationc. office locationd. work procedures4. why did miss green want to leave the advertising agency?a. she felt unhappy inside the company.b. she felt work there too demanding.c. she was denied promotion in the company.d. she longed for new opportunities.5. how did miss green react to a heavier workload in the new job?a. she was willing and ready.b. she sounded mildly eager.c. she a bit surprised.d. she sounded very reluctant.section cin this section you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.questions 6 and 7 based on the following news. at the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.now listen to the news.6. the man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted to________.a. destroy the european central bankb. have an interview with a tv stationc. circle skyscrapers in downtown frankfurtd. remember the death of a us astronaut news broadcast7. which of the following statements about the man is true?a. he was a 31-year-old student from frankfurt.b. he was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.c. he had talked to air traffic controllers by radio.d. he threatened to land on the european central bank.question 8 is based on the following news. at the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.now listen to the news.8. the news is mainly about the city governments plan to________.a. expand and improve the existing subway systemb. build underground malls and parking lotsc. prevent further land subsidenced. promote advanced technologyquestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.n (section a)1.(the)author(s)/ (the)writer(s)2.other works/ the other works/ othersworks/ other/ the other3.(the)literary trend(s)/ literature trend(s)/ literary tendency/ literature tendency/literature tradition4. grammar/ image(s)/diction/ use of image(s)5. cultural code(s)/ culture code(s)literary tradition/ cultural/ culture/ code(s)/ cultural tradition6. cultural/ culture7. (the) reader(s)8. social9. reader competency/ reader(’s) competencecompetency/ competence/ competentreader10. social system(s)/ social structure(s)/ literary traditions/ political influence(s)/ cultural influence(s)/ personal influence(s) part Ⅳ. proofreading and error correction1. agreeing --------agreed2. ∧words----------these/those words3. in the disposal --------at the disposal4. enables--------enable5. delete ―the‖ before ―other english speakers‖6. old------ older7. seen ------ perceived, understood, comprehended8. delete ―it‖ before ―for granted‖9. and ----- yet; however10. ∧most ------ the most strikingambition(写作用,影响类)ambition is the decision one makes and the resolution with which he carries out that decision. it provides us with the required driving force to accomplish any undertakings in our life. just as joseph epstein, afamous american writer put it, ―and as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.‖ indeed, once we make up our mindsto choose to dosomething, then our life becomes meaningful and specifically orientated. this notion of life, as far as i observe, is closest to truth and does apply to almost all aspects of life.first things first, ambition renders us a sense of mission. no matter what decision you make you have to be responsible for your choice. your choice procures you a sense of orientation, or more specially a sense of mission. and only a strong mission may enable one to accomplishgreatness. caesar of the ancient roman empire was urged by hisambition ―i came, i saw, i conquered.‖ and became an uivaled empire builder in the history of rome. john milton, stimulated always by hisambition that aimed at writing some ―mighty lines‖ which england would unwillingly forget, had in due time secured his position as the second shakespeare in the history of english literature.in the second place, ambition can bring one’s potentials to the full. ambition may well serve as a catalyst activating one’s dormant potentials. without ambition one’s potentials will remain slumbering like a dormant volcano. a case in point is ms zhang haidi, a chinese helen keller. it was her ambition to be a useful person has turned the almost paralyzed zhang haidi into a well-accomplished figure whose achievements would dwarf those of some normal people aim at the sun, though, at worst, they may probably land on the moon.influential as it is upon us, however, ambition must be channeled in the right direction. if wrongly directed, one’s ambition may bring havoc on him and others. hitler, whose ambition was to conquer europe bywhatever evil means, finally turned him into a demon. it was this demon that almost cast europe into an unfathomable abyss of anguish andsuffering. another case is macbeth whose ambition was to become the king of scotland. however, his ambition was materialized by the murder of king duncan. consequently, unbearable guilt and psychological agony drove him to his tragic doom.to sum up, ambition can benefit us tremendously if wisely and correctly channeled, otherwise it may ruin others andourselves. a poet says: life can be bad; life can be good; life can be dirty; life can be sad,; life can even be painful. in my mind’s eye, a person can make his life beautiful, meaningful and rewarding and stand out as a respectable personage if he is motivated by a well-orientated ambition.作文原题joseph epstein, a famous american writer,once saidwe decide what is important and what is trivial in life we decide that what makes ussignificant is either what we do or what we refuse todo but no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, thesechoices and decisions are ours to make. we decide. we choose.and as we decideand choose, so are our lives formed. in the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is aboutambitionin the first part of your essay you should state clearly your opinion in response to epsteinviewin the second give details ........in the end , give a conclusion...(略写)[size=4]阅读理解[/size]11-15 baacd 16-20 cdbac 21-25babab 26-30 dcbab11-15 baacd 16-20 cdbac 21-25babab 26-30 dcbabtext athe university in transformation, edited by australian futurists sohail inayatullah and jennifer gidley, presents some 20 highly varied outlooks【篇三：2006---2010年英语专八翻译真题及答案】汉：i have nothing to offer but blood， toil， tears and sweat. we have before us an ordeal ofthe most grievous kind. we have before us many， many months of struggle and suffering. you ask， what is our aim？ i can answer in one word， it is victory. victory at all costsvictory in spiteof all terrors——victory，however long and hard the road may be， for without victory there is no survival. let that be realized， no survival for thebritish empire， no survival for all that british empire hasstood for ， no survival for the urge， the impulse of the ages，that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. i take up my task in buoyancy and hope. i feel sure that our cause will notbe suffered to fail among men. i feel entitled at this juncture，at this time， to claim the aid of all and to say，“come then，let us go forward together with our unitedstrength.我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案说明：本处提供的参考答案完全是为了教学、教育目的而制作，参考答案分别源自福州大学外国语学院英语系翻译课程小组及邹申主编的《新编高等院校英语专业八级考试指南》［2001，上海：上海外语教育出版社］（转引自松园英文书院和《中国翻译》等，供同学们学习、比较。
1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important”and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for smalldecencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
2006-2009年英语专业八级考试真题与参考答案
2009年英语专业八级考试真题与参考答案PARTI LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y Whilelistening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will needthem to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will begiven two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-fillingtask on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing Experimental ReportsI.Content of an experimental report, e.g.--- study subject/ area--- study purpose--- ____1____II.Presentation of an experimental report--- providing details--- regarding readers as _____2_____III.Structure of an experimental report--- feature: highly structured and ____3____--- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION ____4____; why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out____5____ what you think it showsIV. Sense of readership--- ____6____: reader is the marker--- ____7____: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent person with little knowledge of your study --- tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:⏹introduction to relevant area⏹necessary background information⏹development of clear arguments⏹definition of technical terms⏹precise description of data ____8____V. Demands and expectations in report writing--- early stage:⏹understanding of study subject/area and its implications⏹basic grasp of the report’s format--- later stage:⏹____9____ on research significance--- things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:⏹inadequate material⏹____10____ of research justification for the studySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D. Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.2. The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPTA. becoming familiar with various means of communication.B. learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C. becoming aware of audience expectations.D. learning how to get along with friends.3. Toastmasters' general approach to training can be summarized asA. practice plus overall training.B. practice plus lectures.C. practice plus voice training.D. practice plus speech writing.4. Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPTA. public speakers.B. grammar teachers.C. masters of ceremonies.D. evaluators.5. The interview mainly focuses onA. the background information.B. the description of training courses.C. the requirements of public speaking.D. the overall personal growth.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 6 and 7 are'based on the foUowing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. Which of the following is the main cause of global warming?A. Fossil fuel.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Increased dryness.D. Violent storm patterns.7. The news item implies that ______ in the last report.A. there were fewer studies doneB. there were fewer policy proposalsC. there was less agreementD. there were fewer objectivesQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.8. The cause of the Indian train accident wasA. terrorist sabotage.B. yet to be determined.C. lack of communications.D. bad weather.9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The accident occurred on a bridge.B. The accident occurred in New Delhi.C. There were about 600 casualties.D. Victims were rescued immediately.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.10. What is the main message of the news item?A. Young people should seek careers advice.B. Careers service needs to be improved.C. Businesses are not getting talented people.D. Careers advice is not offered on the Intemet.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.V accinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakersin every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to trysomething new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~ to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance.15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B. historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming "demographic cliff" will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: "When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsenseindustrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that - flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth - also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends "a lot of time" on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its "experienced" new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst & Young found that "although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue." Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage; and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour. The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply - whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid the need for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16. According to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approachingretirement would beA. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companies.B. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44- year-olds.C. a continuous increase in the number of 50-to 64-year-olds.D. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17. The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageingworkforce EXCEPTA. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.B. using alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C. encouraging former employees to work overseas.D. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18. "The company spends 'a lot of time' on the ergonomics of its factories" (Paragraph Seven)means thatA. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19. In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of theageing workforce mainly becauseA. they have not been aware of the problem.B. they are reluctant to hire older workers.C. they are not sure of what they should do.D. they have other options to consider.20. Which of the following best describes the author's development of argument?A. introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---~describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.B. describing the actual status--- introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with theissue---offering reasons.C. citing ways to deal with the issue---introducing the issue----describing the actualstatus---offering reasons.D. describing the actual status--offering reasons---introducing the issue---citing ways todeal with the issue.TEXT C(1) The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife.It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wifewho must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways inwhich the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in thesame or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by agenial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Wherethere are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find somespecial reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife's.(2) A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocatedomestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of theunemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: "Practically never ... in a working-class home, will yousee the man doing a stroke of the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention,which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman isas busy as ever - more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Yet so far as myexperience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merelybecause he was out of work, he developed in a 'Mary Ann'."(3) It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes reallysignificant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapablytime-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of thanher husband.(4) The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried onwith any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees oftentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is thewoman's response. If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement. The truth isthat in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.(5) What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and awayfrom it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despiteall its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, moreindirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly, if there is to be an equalizing redistribution ofeconomic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistributionof the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them asthe blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.21. Paragraph One advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband toA. work in the same sort of job as her husband.B. play down her success, making it sound unimportant.C. stress how much the family gains from her high salary.D. introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home.22. Orwell's picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier (Paragraph Two) describes arelationship which the author of the passageA. thinks is the natural one.B. wishes to see preserved.C. believes is fair.D. is sure must change.23. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. Abrasive (Paragraph Five).B. Engines (Paragraph Four).C. Convention (Paragraph Two).D. Heavily (Paragraph One).24. The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they mustA. sometimes make the first advances in love.B. allow men to flirt with many women.C. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates.D. avoid making their husbands look like "Mary Anns".25. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A. Men are equally serious about courtship.B. Each man "makes passes" at many women.C. The woman's reaction decides the fate of courtship.D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.TEXT DFrom Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south, dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until it opened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north, slowly and arduously climbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts, then past Kunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head, he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans, and treated with the gravest deference and respect. Even among those who knew nothing about him, expressions of surprise lit up their dark, liquid eyes. He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans, but it was also obvious from his bearing - and his new broadcloak, which covered a much-too-tight army uniform - that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan. Among a people virtually bereft of possessions, he had fewer still, consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder. The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave, which did not augur that the content was of any greater value - except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a moment releasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wall across from him, atop a great wooded spur jutting out from the lower lap of the 22,493-foot Ama Dablum, one of the most majestic mountains on earth. There was situated Tengboche, the most famous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas, its setting unsurpassed for magnificence anywhere on the planet.From the top of the spur, one's eyes sweep 12 miles up the stupendous Dudh Kosi canyonto the six-mile-long granite wall of cliff of Nuptse at its head. If Ama Dablum is the Gatekeeper,then the sheer cliff of Nuptse, never less than four miles high, is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma, the Mother Goddess of the World, to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha, the Head of the Seas, to the Nepalese; and Everest to the rest of us. And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon - when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains were descending into the deep valley floors - before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche's entrance gompa. His chest heaving in the rarefied air, he removed his hand from the bundle--the first time he had done so - and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat from around his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds, the pagoda-like monastery itself, and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt. In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma's 29,029-foot-high crest like a bright, welcoming banner.His breathing calmed, he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps to the monastery entrance. There he was greeted with a respectful nameste -"I recognize the divine in you" - from a tall, slim monk of about 35 years, who hastily set aside a twig broom he had been using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard. While he did so, the visitor noticed that the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand. The stranger spoke a few formal words in Tibetan, and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary - lightened of his load - appeared at the monastery entrance, accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot. After a bow of his head, which was returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents, he took his leave. The two solemn monks watched, motionless, until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat, and out of sight.Then, without a word, they turned and went back inside the monastery.26. Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A. "threaded".B. "dropping".C. "trudged".D. "daunting".27. In the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the followingaspects EXCEPTA. clothing.B. height.C. social status.D. personal belongings.28. It can be inferred from the passage that one can get ______ of the region from themonastery.A. a narrow viewB. a hazy viewC. a distant viewD. a panoramic view29. Which of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached themonastery?A. "...he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop..."B. "...he removed his hand from the bundle..."C. "His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds..."D. "...he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps..."30. From how it is described in the passage the monastery seems to evokeA. a sense of awe.B. a sense of piety.C. a sense of fear.D. a sense of mystery.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31. The Head of State of New Zealand isA. the governor-general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.32. The capital of Scotland isA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson.B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.35. Ode to the West Windwas written byA. William Blake.B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. Percy B. Shelley.36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson.B. Walt Whitman.C. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser.37. The novel Sons andLovers was written byA. Thomas Hardy.B. John Galsworthy.C. D.H. Lawrence.D. James Joyce.38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production isA. corpus linguistics.B. sociolinguistics.C. theoretical linguistics.D. psycholinguistics.39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languagesfor purposes of trading is calledA. dialect.B. idiolect.。
[实用参考]历年英语专业八级翻译
![[实用参考]历年英语专业八级翻译](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/30f6a24848d7c1c708a145c5.png)
09年手机刷新了人与人之间的关系。
会议室的门口通常贴着一张通告：请与会者关闭手机。
可是会议室里的手机依然响成一片。
我们都是普通人，没有多少重要的事情。
尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。
打开手机象征着我们与这个世界的联系。
手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。
最为常见的是，一个人在路上走着走着忽然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中间还是厕所旁边。
Cellphonehasalteredhumanrelatio ns.ThereisusuallPanoteonthedoor ofconferenceroo m,whichreads“tu rnoffP ourcellphones”.However,th eringsarestillresoundingintheroo m.Weareallcommonpeopleandha vefewurgenciestodo.Still,wearerel uctant/unwillingtoturnoffthephon e.CellphonesPmbolizesourconnec tionwiththeworldandreflectsour“t hirstforsocialization”.W earefamili arwiththescenewhenapersonstops hisstepstoeditshortmessageswith ePesgluedathisphone,disregardof hislocation,whetherintheroadcent erorbesidesarestroom.10年乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。
但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。
晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说，"有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。
我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。
09年专八翻译真题
打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出 我们的“社交饥渴症。”最为常见的是，一个人走 着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他 不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。
• Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our "thirst for socialization." We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom. • Turning on the mobile phone represents our contact with the outside world. It is also a symptom of our “socializing mania”. It is a frequent scene that a man, walking in the street, suddenly stops to gaze on the screen of his phone and send short messages unaware of where he is, whether in the middle of the road or near the public restroom.
我们人类，正面临全球性的危机，我们的生 存和文明受到威胁。尽管我们聚在一起共商 对策，而灾难却在扩大，形式不容乐观。
历年专业八级翻译真题及答案
Key to (2): E-C 【1996】－1
? 这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙 场的老将，他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源，是这个 国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利， 也很多好消息可供炒作。例如，美国上下一片和平， 美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后 开始强劲反弹。此外，这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助， 因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回 演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是，他们的 候选人是罗纳德·里根，他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通 技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来，里根是最成 功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统：一个军事力量复兴、富 有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。
? 法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的， 闪光多色的或带香味儿的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字 也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。
Key to (1): C-E 【1996】
? In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing about name cards and invitation letters. This has triggered my reminiscences of the name cards and invitation letters of the French people that I saw when I was residing in Paris. In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn from.
2006---2010年英语专八翻译真题及答案
2006年：英译汉：I have nothing to offer but blood，toil，tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal ofthe most grievous kind. We have before us many，many months of struggle and suffering. Y ou ask，what is our aim？I can answer in one word，it is victory. V ictory at all costsvictory in spiteof all terrors——victory，however long and hard the road may be，for without victory there is no survival. Let that be realized，no survival for the British Empire，no survival for all that British Empire has stood for ，no survival for the urge，the impulse of the ages，that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture，at this time，to claim the aid of all and to say，“Come then，let us go forward together with our unitedstrength.我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。
2009年英语专八真题与答案解析
2009年英语专八真题与答案解析TIME LIMIT: 195 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing Experimental ReportsI.Content of an experimental report, e.g.--- study subject/ area--- study purpose--- ____1____II.Presentation of an experimental report--- providing details--- regarding readers as _____2_____III.Structure of an experimental report--- feature: highly structured and ____3____--- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION ____4____; why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out____5____ what you think it showsIV. Sense of readership--- ____6____: reader is the marker--- ____7____: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent person with little knowledge of your study --- tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:introduction to relevant areaνnecessary background informationνdevelopment of clear argumentsνdefinition of technical termsνprecise description of data ____8____νV. Demands and expectations in report writing--- early stage:understanding of study subject/area and its implicationsνbasic grasp of the report’s formatν--- later stage:____9____ on research significanceν--- things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:inadequate materialν____10____ of research justification for the studyνSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D. Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.2. The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPTA. becoming familiar with various means of communication.B. learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C. becoming aware of audience expectations.D. learning how to get along with friends.3. Toastmasters' general approach to training can be summarized asA. practice plus overall training.B. practice plus lectures.C. practice plus voice training.D. practice plus speech writing.4. Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPTA. public speakers.B. grammar teachers.C. masters of ceremonies.D. evaluators.5. The interview mainly focuses onA. the background information.B. the description of training courses.C. the requirements of public speaking.D. the overall personal growth.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 6 and 7 are'based on the foUowing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. Which of the following is the main cause of global warming?A. Fossil fuel.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Increased dryness.D. Violent storm patterns.7. The news item implies that ______ in the last report.A. there were fewer studies doneB. there were fewer policy proposalsC. there was less agreementD. there were fewer objectivesQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.8. The cause of the Indian train accident wasA. terrorist sabotage.B. yet to be determined.C. lack of communications.D. bad weather.9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The accident occurred on a bridge.B. The accident occurred in New Delhi.C. There were about 600 casualties.D. Victims were rescued immediately.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.10. What is the main message of the news item?A. Young people should seek careers advice.B. Careers service needs to be improved.C. Businesses are not getting talented people.D. Careers advice is not offered on the Intemet.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that wasunlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. Inthinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip toIstanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkoklater this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting ourchildren "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children achance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to thewater for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul'smajor tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almosteverything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especiallythe enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or inrestaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for everyawkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, theOttoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide couldprovide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~ to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance.15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B. historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming "demographic cliff" will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers agedbetween 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share inthe world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a loomingproblem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: "When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlierthis year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying inBeverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed worldtomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list ofthe best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsenseindustrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that - flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth - also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends "a lot of time" on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retiredpeople for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its "experienced" new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst & Young foundthat "although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue." Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage; and even fewer arelooking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.听力部分Section ASection B1-5 CBAAA 6-10 BBAAA11-15 CACDA 16-20 DCBBB，21-25 BDDBD 26-30 CCDDD09专八人文知识参考答案31 、( D ) the monarch of the United Kingdom32 、( B ) Edinburgh.33 、( A ) Thomas Jefferson.34 、( C ) Sydney35 、( D ) Percy B. Shelley36 、( B ) Walt Whitman.37 、( C ) D.H. Lawrence.38 、( D ) psycholinguistics.39 、( C ) pidgin.40 、( A ) an illocutionary act.翻译(汉译英参考答案)Cell phone has altered human relations. There is usually a note on the door of conference room, which reads "close your handset|." However, the rings are still resounding in the room. We are all common people and has few urgencies to do. Still, we are reluctant to turn off the phone. Cell phone symbolizes our connection with the world and reflects our "thirst for socialization." We are familiar with the scene when a person stops his steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at his phone, disregard of his location, whether in road center or beside restroom.(原文)手机改变了人与人之间的关系。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1中国民族自古以来从不把人看做高于一切，在哲学方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占有一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。
因此我们的苦闷，基本上比西方人为少为小；因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。
农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小得多。
况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。
并非我们没有守财奴，但比起莫里哀和巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来，就小巫见大巫了。
中国民族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实，比西方人容易满足。
TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1Since ancient times the Chinese nationalities have never considered human beings to be superior to other species . As is reflected in Chinese philosophy , in the natural world human beings occupy a reasonable position in proportion to all other creatures and the former do not absolutely dominate the latter . Therefore , generally speaking , we Chinese feel depressed less often and less severely than people in the west , for the intensity of one’s depression literally varies with the magnitude of one’s desire and ambition . As people in an agricultural society enjoy much fewer comforts than those in an industrial society , they have fewer desires or wishes . Moreover , ancient Chinese always took it as they most fundamental philosophy of life that one should not merely be confined to material pursuits , or be kept in bondage by material things .TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2(On May 13 , 1940 , Winston Churchill , the newly appointed British Prime Minister , gave his first speech to Parliament . He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression , at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt .) “... I have nothing to offer but blood , toil , tears , and sweat . We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind . We have before us many , many , months of struggle and suffering .You ask , what is our policy ? I say it is to wage war by land , sea , and air . War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us , and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime .You ask , what is our aim ? I can answer in one word . It is victory . Victory at all that the British Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge , the impulse of the ages , that mankind shall move forward toward his goal .I take up my task in buoyancy and hope . I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men . I feel entitled at this juncture , at this time , to claim the aid of all to say , ‘Come then , let us go forward together with our united strength ‘. ”TEM-8 2006 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。
我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验，将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。
若问我们的政策是什么？我的回答是：在陆上、海上、空中作战。
尽我们的全力，尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战，对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。
这就是我们的政策。
若问我们的目标是什么？我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。
不惜一切代价，去夺取胜利；不惧一切恐怖，去夺取胜利。
因为没有胜利就没有生存。
我们务必认识到，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈渴求和愿望；人类应当自己的目标迈进。
TEM-8 2007 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1（暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合在一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。
）也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊在低头觅食。
它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。
也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。
这是黄河滩上的一幕。
牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。
只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。
这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。
如果走近了，你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。
TEM-8 2007 TRANSLATIONSECTION 1Just beside this splendid picture , a herd of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside . However , hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight . Perhaps they are using the last moment for another chew before going home . This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River . The shepherd , who is nowhere to be seen ,is having a rest in an unknown place , leaving these living things to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom . Here the water is so fresh and the grass so tender that all of them are well-fed and chubby . If you approach them , you will see their snow-white teeth as well as their rich innocent expressions.TEM-8 2007 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos , the most basic constituents of matter , and the miracle of life .At the same time , today , the actions , and inaction , of human beings imperil not only life on the planet , but the very life of the planet .Globalization is making the world smaller , faster and richer . Still 9\11 and avian flu remind us that a smaller , faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledge -- but desperately in need of wisdom . Now , when sound bites are getting shorter , when instant messages crowd outessays , and when individual lives grow more crazy , college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs .For all these reasons l believe even more strongly today -- in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities .TEM-8 2007 TRANSLATIONSECTION 2科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、了解物质最基本的成为、理解生命的奇迹。