5大学英语语法第五讲-主谓一致
主谓一致知识点总结
主谓一致知识点总结主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,指的是句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
具体来说,如果主语是单数形式,则谓语动词也要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式,则谓语动词也要用复数形式。
以下是主谓一致知识点的总结。
一、主语和谓语的一致性1.主语和谓语一致的基本原则是:单数主语与单数谓语相对应,复数主语与复数谓语相对应。
例如:- He reads books.(单数)- They read books.(复数)2. 如果主语是由含有“and”连接的两个或更多个成分构成的,谓语动词应该用复数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry are friends.3. 如果主语中有两个或更多个名词,用and连接,但其中有一个名词是表示无数概念的名词(具体名词或抽象名词),那么谓语应该用单数形式。
例如:- Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.4. 如果主语是由连词“either…or”或“neither…nor”连接的两个名词构成的,谓语动词的单复数应与紧挨着的名词一致。
例如:5. 如果主语是由连词“not only…but also”连接的两个名词构成的,谓语动词的单复数应与紧挨着的名词一致。
例如:- Not only the teacher but also the students are going to the park.二、主谓一致的特殊情况1. 主语是以“everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, each”等单词开头的不定代词时,谓语动词应该用单数形式。
例如:- Everyone knows the answer.2. 对于由and连接的两个主语,如果它们指的是同一个人或同一个物,谓语动词应该用单数形式。
例如:- Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.3. 对于固定短语“a number of + 名词”,谓语动词应该用复数形式。
《主谓一致》PPT课件
用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Mr Green together with his children__g_o_e_s_<go> to the park every day.
2.Three fourth of the earth _is__c_o_v_e_re_d__<cover>with water.
找出各句中的错误
1.A number of students has seen the film. have 2.This kind of apples taste very good. tastes
3.Not only my classroom but also my teacher are
fond of sports.
Twenty dollars is enough. 二十美元就足够了.
三、邻近一致〔就近原则〕
谓语动词的数要与最邻近的主语保持一致.
Neither Li Hua nor I am going there tomorrow. 明天我和都不打算去那里. Not only Li Lei but also his classmates were invited. 李雷和他的同学都被邀请了.
6.Doing exercises __m__a_k_e_s__<make>you healthy. 7.The student who ___h_a_s__<have>ideas ,come here.
Can you work them out?
1.Behind the house __a_r_e___<be>some trees. 2.Every student and every teacher _c_o_m__e_s_<come> to school on time in the morning. 3.No man and no woman __li_k_e_s_<like> these shoes. 4.He or she __h_a_s__<have> gone there. 5.What he said_s_o_u_n_d_s__<sound> reasonable. 6. "I"_i_s__<be> the ninth letter.
主谓一致详细讲解
主谓一致主谓一致指的是句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致,通常有以下三种原则:语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。
1. 单数主语搭配单数谓语:如果主语是可数名词单数、不可数名词或者第三人称单数代词(如he、she、it 等),谓语动词要用相应的单数形式。
The dog runs fast. 主语“dog” 是可数名词单数,谓语动词“runs” 采用了第三人称单数形式。
Water is essential for life. water为不可数名词,谓语动词“is” 是单数形式。
2. 复数主语搭配复数谓语:当主语是可数名词复数时,谓语动词需使用复数形式。
The trees are green in spring. trees为可数名词复数,谓语动词“are” 是复数形式。
3.当and 或both...and..连接两个或两个以上名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。
4. 不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody , anyone , anything , someone , somebody , something, everyone,everybody ,everything , nobody , no one , nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。
5. 由each , each...and each..., every ...and every...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解
主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较:the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词,指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意:many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时由 either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1)学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学新闻; news体操:GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意:当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确,答案就是56 The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried3)由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词(a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等)修饰时,单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1)mankind, humanity, man 作主语时,谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时:Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2)people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时,只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如: There are 56 peoples in China3)family, crowd 等作主语时,根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有:Army, assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较:A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4)baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如:a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).5)hair的用法hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数);指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数):My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6)fruit的用法fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的:He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较:Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时1)非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金To see is to believeSwimming is a good way to keep healthHow they will solve the problem remains to be seenWhether she will come is not known2)多个非谓语动词作主语,表达一个概念谓语用单数,表达不同概念谓语用复数Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person三、其他情况的主谓一致1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有:miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米 millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格Two kilometres is not very far for the young manFive hours is a short time for such a difficult job2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数One hundred cents make a dollarMore than twenty years have passed since they got married.3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式,有时也用复数Five times eight is/are fortyFour and eight makes/make twelveSixty minus seven leaves fifty-threeForty-eight divided by six is eight4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Everyone something anybody nowhereEveryone in the class was surprised at the newsListen! Someone is knocking at the door.Is anyone going to tell him the news?5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板They each have a stateboardEach/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionaryThe students each have an English-Chinese dictionary7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数none of,neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词 + 谓语动词单数复数都可either of ,None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truth Neither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable8.neither 与 either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neither qualification is acceptable9.分数百分数+ of + 名词,some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致分数/百分数 + of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数 + of + 单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词The rest of the money belongs to youThe rest of the students speak for it.Half of the apple is rottenHalf of the apples are rotten10.more(…) than one…结构作主语时More(…)than one…+ 单数名词谓语用单数More + 复数名词 + than one 谓语用复数More than two + 复数名词谓语用复数More than one white rose has bloomed in the gardenMore white roses than one have bloomed in the gardenMore than two white roses have bloomed 两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11.a number of + 复数名词谓语用复数许多的The number of + 名词谓语动词用单数…的数量A number of trees are green in AprilA great number of tourists have been to the Great WallA large number of worker were out of work because the factory was destroyed in flood.The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.The number of workers who were out of work was 1,000.12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则There are some chairs and a table in the roomThere is a table and some chairs in the roomHere are some gifts for youHere is a book, a pen and some paper for you.13.当主语后接修饰语时With, along with, together with, but, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than, 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift被作为礼物送给了这个国家The teacher, along with her students, is going to attend the lecture 听报告A peasant, together with some soldiers, is about to help us.All but one have arrived here.除了一个人外所有人都到了No one except two students was late for class.再没有其他人上课迟到The garage, in addition to the house, was burned.She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarked.You as well as I are wrong.The father, rather than the brother, is responsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责14.The+ 形容词做主语时表示一类人用复数谓语表示抽象概念用单数谓语The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架抬走了The old are more likely to catch cold than the youngThe rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.The young are always full of vitality充满了活力The unknown is always something to be feared 未知的东西总是令人害怕The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善善未必是真The true is to be distinguished from the false真应与假相区别The good is what people like 人们总是喜欢美好的东西In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.好人有好报坏人有怀抱15.all做主语时指一切表示单数概念用单数谓语,指具体人或物用复数谓语All has been tried一切都试过了All were silent 大家都一言不发All was silent 万籁俱寂All are here now 大家都在16.由 a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+of this kind, a type of asort of 谓语动词根据of 后面的名词来定A new type of machine is on show now. Machines of this kind are made in Wuhan欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考!致力为企业和个人提供合同协议,策划案计划书,学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。
《主谓一致》课件
主谓一致是语法中的重要概念,准确运用主谓一致规则能够使语言更加准 确、流畅。这个PPT课件将帮助你全面了解主谓一致的基本原则和常见错 误。让我们一起开始吧!
什么是主谓一致?
主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上相互匹配的语法规则。它意味着当主语是单数时,谓语动词也要 用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词也要用复数形式。
练习:判断下列句子的主谓是否一致
1. 狗在跑步。✔️ 2. 我们每个人都享受他们的假期。❌ 3. 那些书籍是我的。✔️
练习:改正下列句子的主谓不一致错误
1. 她在做作业时聊天。✅ 她在做作业时不能聊天。 2. 这些苹果是新鲜的。❌ 这些苹果是新鲜的。 3. 你们都有读这本书吗?✔️ 你们都读了这本书吗?
1. 存在不定代词
当存在不定代词时,要根据其指代的对象选择合适的主谓一致形式。
2. 存在连词
当句子中存在连词并连接两个主语时,要保持前后主语与谓语的一致。
3. 存在复合主语
当句子中有两个或多个主语作为复合主语时,要根据其数来选择合适的谓语动词形式。
如何判断主谓是否一致?
判断主谓是否一致可以考虑主语的人称和数,然后选择相应的谓语动词形式。 需要注意的是,有些特殊情况需要根据具体语义来判断。
为什么需要主谓一致?
主谓一致的正确运用可以使句子结构更清晰,避免歧义,增加语言表达准确 性。它是一种基本的语法规则,为有效沟通提供了基础。
主谓一致的基本规则是什么?
1. 单数主语要与单数谓语动词一致。 2. 复数主语要与复数谓语动词一致。 3. 第三人称单数主语要与第三人称单数谓语动词一致。
在哪些情况下需要特别注意主谓一致?
常见的主谓不一致错误有哪些?
• 1. 主谓数不一致:如"每一个学生都喜欢他们的老师们"。 • 2. 主谓人称不一致:如"我和他在公园里玩"。 • 3. 主谓时态不一致:如"她喜欢苹果,但现在她吃的是橙子"。
(完整版)英语语法主谓一致
1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。
2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
(1)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。
并列主语的谓语一致1.And(1)两个单数名词用and连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割的整体时,谓语用单数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被every,each,many a,no等限定的单数名词由and连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,后一个限定词可以省略。
every ……and ……every,each……and……each,no……and……no, many a……and……many a。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.(5)由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数What he says and does do not agree.(言行不一致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。
英语语法之主谓一致总结
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结英语语法之主谓⼀致总结 总结就是把⼀个时段的学习、⼯作或其完成情况进⾏⼀次全⾯系统的总结,它能够使头脑更加清醒,⽬标更加明确,让我们好好写⼀份总结吧。
总结怎么写才不会千篇⼀律呢?下⾯是⼩编帮⼤家整理的英语语法之主谓⼀致总结,仅供参考,⼤家⼀起来看看吧。
英语语法之主谓⼀致总结1 1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语 谓语动词的数通常⽤单数(即遵循语法⼀致的原则): Many a child was playing there. 很多⼩孩在那⼉玩。
More than one student has failed the exam. 不⽌⼀个学⽣考试未及格。
2. each ⽤于复数名词后作同位语 此时谓语动词⽤复数: They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每⼈都有⼀本英汉词典。
The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻⼈个个背着⼀个⼤袋⼦。
3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词 其后的动词形式取决介词前主语: Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树⽊之外什么也看不见。
No one except my parents knows anything about this. 除我⽗母外没⼈知道此事。
Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。
4. means作主语 名词means(⽅法)单数与复数同形,⽤作主语时,其谓语的单复数要视具体含义⽽定(尤其注意其前的修饰语): These means are very good. 这些⽅法很好。
主谓一致公开课ppt课件
THANKS
感谢观看
谓语动词用复数
有些不可数名词在特定语境下可 以表示复数概念,此时谓语动词 用复数形式。
量词修饰影响
量词用单数
当不可数名词前有表示数量的单数量词修饰时,谓语动词用 单数形式。
量词用复数
当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数量词修饰时,谓语动词用 复数形式。
特殊情况处理
抽象名词具体化
有些抽象名词在特定语境下可以 具体化,表示具体的事物或人,
作用
主谓一致是英语语法中的重要规则之一,它能够使句子 结构更加清晰、准确,有助于读者或听者更好地理解句 子的含义。
主语和谓语关系
01 主语
句子中的主体,通常位于句首,表示动作的执行 者或状态的保持者。
02 谓语
句子中描述主语动作或状态的动词或动词短语。
03 关系
主语和谓语之间必须保持一致的关系,即单数主 语用单数谓语,复数主语用复数谓语。
动词不规则变化
部分动词有不规则变化,需要根据具体动词进行 记忆,例如“have-has”、“be-is/am/are”等 。
不定冠词a/an影响
不定冠词a/an修饰单数可数名词
当主语被不定冠词a或an修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式,例如“a book is on the table”。
不定冠词a/an不影响动词形式
主谓一致公开课ppt 课件
汇报人:
2023-12-27
目录
• 主谓一致基本概念 • 主谓一致原则及规则 • 主语为单数名词时主谓一致问题 • 主语为复数名词时主谓一致问题 • 主语为不可数名词时主谓一致问题 • 主谓一致在句子中运用举例
01
主谓一致基本概念
定义与作用
定义
《主谓一致》ppt课件
当主语为“there be”句型时,谓语动词的单复数形式 要与最靠近的主语保持一致。
错误示例
Either you or he is right.
纠正方法
将动词改为单数形式,正确句子为Either you or he is right.
注意事项
当主语由either...or、neither...nor、not only...but also等连接时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与最靠近的主 语保持一致。
存在句和there be句型中主谓一致问题
存在句中的谓语动词要与存在的主语保持一致。
there be句型中,be动词的单复数形式要与后面主语的单复数形式保持 一致。
如果存在的主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词,则be动词用单数形式; 如果存在的主语是复数可数名词,则be动词用复数形式。
倒装句中主谓一致问题
04
特殊情况下主谓一致 规则解析
并列主语情况下主谓一致问题
由and连接的并列主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
由or, nor, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列主语,谓语动词与最近的 主语保持一致。
主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, together with, rather than, except, but, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单 复数形式依主语的单复数而定。
常见的不可数名词包括water, milk, bread, money等。
即使不可数名词前有表示数量 的复数名词修饰,谓语动词仍 用单数形式。
英语主谓一致ppt课件
共 47 页
6
③主语是 either,neither,the other 或主语被 either, neither 修饰时。例如: Either of the answers is correct. Neither answer proves to be correct. ④every/some/any/no+body/one/thing 构成的复合不定代词 做主语时。例如: Nobody is absent. ⑤主语是“a kind/sort/type of+单数或复数名词”时,因为 kind/sort/type 是短语中的中心词,也是信息的焦点,所以, 谓语应与其一致。例:This kind of wheat isn't grown in our country.
共 47 页
2
(二)主谓一致细说 1.谓语用单数时的情况 (1)不可数名词做主语时。例如: There is a lot of water in the jar. 特别提醒:不可数名词前若有表示数量的物量词,则谓语动 词与物量词本身的形式一致。例如: One million tons of oil were produced last year.
共 47 页
17
(8)在四则运算中,加法、乘法后面的谓语动词用单、复数均 可,减法、除法后面的谓语动词只能用单数。例如: Three plus three makes/make six. Thirtyfive divided by five is seven.
共 47 页
18
4.谓语与相邻的那个主语一致 (1)either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also,not...but, or 等连接两个并列的主语时,谓语须与靠近的那一个主语一 致。例如: Either you or I am wrong. Are neither you nor he for the plan? (2)在 here is,there is 或其他状语提前的倒装句中,谓语动 词的形式也适用邻近原则。例如: Here is a pen and two pieces of paper for you.
英语主谓一致讲解ppt课件
作单数用 ) These kinds of apple(s) are sweet . (总作复数用) Apples of this kind are sweet . (总作复数用)
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
41. Early to bed and early to rise ______ a man healthy, happy and wise.
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
什么是主谓一致?
主谓一致:英语句子中,主语的“人称”和 “数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化, 这就叫“主谓一致”关系。
它通常依据三项原则: 1)语法一致 (必考) 2)意义一致; 3)就近一致。(必考)
______ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world. a. knows b. know c. is known d. are known
经营者提供商品或者服务有欺诈行为 的,应 当按照 消费者 的要求 增加赔 偿其受 到的损 失,增 加赔偿 的金额 为消费 者购买 商品的 价款或 接受服 务的费 用
主谓一致课件
总Hale Waihona Puke 与提高建议通过学习并掌握主谓一致的规则和例外情况,我们可以写出更加规范、准确 的句子,同时提升自己的语法表达能力。
主谓一致ppt课件
这份PPT课件将帮助您更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的知识,让您能够写出更 准确、流畅、得体的句子。
主谓一致的定义
主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致,是语法中非常基础且重要 的规则之一。
主谓一致的重要性
主谓一致是语法正确性的重要体现,它使句子更易理解,避免误会和歧义, 提高写作或口语表达的准确性和效果。
主谓一致的基本规则
1 单数主语 + 单数谓
语
例如:The cat loves to sleep on the couch.
2 复数主语 + 复数谓
语
例如:The cats love to play with a ball of yarn.
3 主语是第三人称单
数
谓语动词需加-s或-es的 变化形式。
主谓一致的例外情况
1 不定代词的复数形式
例如:Somebody wants to speak with you.
2 复数名词作为整体看待
例如:The staff is attending a meeting.
主谓一致的常见错误
1 主谓不一致的人称错误
例如:He seem happy. (应为seems)
2 不正确使用不定代词
例如:Everyone want to go home. (应为wants)
主谓一致的练习与答案
1 练习一
2 练习二
Choose the correct verb form: The book on the table look/looks interesting.
主谓一致课件(PPT)课件
要点三
并列主语与谓语动词 形式不一致
例如,“Tom and Jerry are good friends. They like playing together.” 在第一句中,并列主语“Tom and Jerry”是复数形式,谓语动词“are” 也是复数形式。但在第二句中, “They”虽然是复数代词,但谓语动 词“like”应该用复数形式的“like”, 而不是单数形式的“likes”。
答案解析2
The class is small and the students are very bright.
解释
主语“the class”表示班级,为单数形式,谓语动词应使 用单数形式“is”;而主语“the students”表示学生,为 复数形式,谓语动词应使用复数形式“are”。
答案解析3
主谓一致的重要性
总结词
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的规则之一,它有助于确保句子的语法正确性和表达清晰性。
详细描述
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的规则之一,它有助于确保句子的语法正确性,使句子表达清晰,易于理解。如 果主谓不一致,会导致语法错误,影响语言表达的准确性和流畅性。因此,掌握主谓一致的规则对于英语学习和 写作非常重要。
物主代词
物主代词作主语时,谓语动词通常使 用单数形式,如“Mine is the red car.”
复合句中的主谓一致
主句的主谓一致
在复合句中,主句的主谓一致取决于主句的主语,如“The book that he is reading is interesting.”
从句的主谓一致
从句的主谓一致取决于从句中的主语和谓语之间的关系,如“Whoever wants to go can come.”
主谓一致ppt课件完整版
02 主语为单数名词时主谓一 致规则
2024/1/26
7
第三人称单数形式
一般情况下,直接在动词后加-s,例如
he works hard.
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词,加-es,例如
he goes to school by bus.
2024/1/26
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es,例如
如果主语是可数名词单数或不可数名 词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果主语 是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形 式。
需要注意的是,有些倒装句的结构比 较特殊,可能需要根据具体情况来判 断主谓一致问题。例如,当句首为 here、there等副词时,谓语动词的 单复数形式通常与主语保持一致;而 当句首为否定词或only等词语时,谓 语动词的单复数形式则可能需要根据 语境和语义来判断。
则。
26
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
2024/1/26
27
2024/1/26
11
复数形式及变化规律
01
02
03
04
一般情况下,在名词词尾加-s 构成复数形式。
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词,在 词尾加-es构成复数形式。
以辅音字母+y结尾的名词, 变y为i再加-es构成复数形式
。
以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f 为v再加-es构成复数形式。
2024/1/26
12
集体名词作主语
2024/1/26
通常作复数的集体名词
01
people, police, cattle, poultry等。
通常作不可数名词的集体名词
02
clothing, furniture, jewelry等。
主谓一致-ppt课件
修辞一致
修辞一致是指主语和谓语在修辞手法上保持一致,即根据 语境和表达效果选择适当的主谓形式。
例如:The United States(主语单数) are(谓语复数) a powerful country.(符合修辞一致,使用复数形式的谓语 可以强调多个国家的力量)
使用复数谓语,如“They are doctors.”
动词作主语
不定式或动名词作主语
使用单数谓语,如“To study is to know.”
两个或多个并列的动词作主语
根据语境判断,有时使用单数谓语,有时使用复数谓语。
04
主谓一致的练习
单项练习
总结词
通过单项练习,学生可以深入理解主 谓一致的规则,提高对主谓一致的敏 感度。
主谓一致的重要性
01
主谓一致是英语语法中一个重要 的规则,它有助于确保句子的语 法正确性和表达清晰性。
02
在英语中,主谓一致是构成正确 句子结构的关键要素之一,它有 助于避免语法错误和歧义,使句 子更加通顺、流畅。
主谓一致的规则
主谓一致的规则主要包括人称一致、数的一致和形式 一致三个方面。
输标02入题
人称一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称上保持一致,如 第一人称单数“I”应与动词不定式“to be”的现在 时单数形式“am”保持一致。
01
03
形式一致是指主语和谓语动词在形式上保持一致,如 第三人称单数主语应与动词的第三人称单数形式保持
一致。
04
数的一致是指主语和谓语动词在数上保持一致,即单 数或复数形式应保持一致。
主要包括主语与谓语数的不一致、主 语与谓语性别的不一致以及主语与谓 语时态的不一致等。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
主谓一致
三、就近原则 由or,not only…but also…, either…or…,neither…nor… 连接 两个并列主语时,谓语的数与最邻近的主语一致。 两个并列主语时,谓语的数与最邻近的主语一致。 Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter. 不是我就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任. Not only he but also all his family are keen on concerts. 不仅仅是他,而且是他全家人都很热衷于音乐会.
主谓一致
二、意义一致原则 这一原则是指,从意义解决主谓一致问题 从意义解决主谓一致问题。 这一原则是指 从意义解决主谓一致问题。 有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数 但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义 有时主语形式上为单数 但意义上却是复数 那么谓语依意义 也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数 但意义上却是单数, 而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数 也用复数形式 而有时主语形式上为复数 但意义上却是单数 那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。 那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式 名词physics物理,maths数学,news新闻,means方法,等一般 被认为是形式是复数,意义是单数的名词,其谓语应用单数 形式。 2000年63题 The news……is
大学英语语法 Grammar
第五讲 主谓一致
1
主谓一致
概念: 概念: 主谓一致, 人称” 方面的一致关系。 主谓一致,指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。即用作 主语的名词、代词和谓语动词在单、 主语的名词、代词和谓语动词在单、复数形式以及意义上 要保持一致。 要保持一致。 原则: 原则: 一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配: 一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配: 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、 语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则
The End
(主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式)
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 1. 不定式 动名词 以及从句作主语时应看作单数 谓语动词用 不定式,动名词 以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用 动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数 单数。 单数。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good. 每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处. 每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处 Reading often means learning . 读书常常意味着学习. 读书常常意味着学习 What he said has been recorded . 他说的话已被录音了. 他说的话已被录音了
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主 语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语 亦采取复数形式。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 2. 不定代词 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作 单数,谓语动词用单数 谓语动词用单数。 单数 谓语动词用单数。 Neither of my sisters likes sports . 我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动. Every boy and girl shows great interest in music. 每个男孩和女孩对音乐都表现出很大的兴趣.
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 6.当用 当用and连接的名词前面有 连接的名词前面有each,every等修饰时,谓语动 等修饰时, 当用 连接的名词前面有 等修饰时 词用单数。 词用单数。 each…and…, every…and every …,many a… and… In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个男孩女孩都有接受教育的权利。 在我们国家每个男孩女孩都有接受教育的权利。
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 5. 当主语由 well as等词修饰时的主谓一致 当主语由as 等词修饰时的主谓一致 当句中的主语后接as 当句中的主语后接 well as, along with, together with, including, accompanied by等短语 名词(代词)时, 等短语+名词(代词) 等短语 名词 主语与谓语的关系不受影响, 主语是单数名词时, 主语与谓语的关系不受影响, 主语是单数名词时,谓语 动词用单数,主语是复数,谓语用复数。 动词用单数,主语是复数,谓语用复数。 The teacher, as well as all his students, ___ by the dancer’s performance.(05.4) ( ) A.was impressed B. had impressed C.impressed D. were impressed 选A
主谓一致
一、语法一致原则 4. 当主语是 number of+复数名词时,谓语动词用复数; 当主语是a 复数名词时 复数; 复数名词时,谓语动词用复数 当主语是the number of+可数名词时,谓语动词用单数 可数名词时 当主语是 可数名词时,谓语动词用单数 A number of cars ___ in front of my house.(98) ( ) A.was parked B.were parking C.is parking D.are parked 选D a number of许多 许多 the number of 什么的数量