2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题及参考答案

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全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题4

Ⅳ.阅读理解。

认真阅读下列两篇短⽂，每篇短⽂后有5个问题，根据短⽂的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择⼀个正确答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

(本⼤题共10⼩题，每⼩题1分，共10分)Read the two passages and answer the questions.(10 points)(1)Making Use of Your TimeEverybody wastes time.Instead of doing their lessons,students watch television,or go and enjoy themselves outside the campus(校园).Writers neglect their work,and wander up and down in the room making cups of coffee and daydreaming.They all have good intentions,but they keep putting off the moment when they must start work.As a consequence,they begin to feel guilty,and then waste even more time wishing they had not allowed themselves to be distracted.When someone else is organizing our time for us,as,for instance,during lessons or working hours,we do not necessarily work more efficiently,but at least we are subject to the discipline of a routine.It is when we are responsible for organizing our own time that the need for self-discipline arises.Self-employed people,particularly those engaged in such creative activities as writing,can only survive,let alone prosper,if they can organize their time efficiently.I know two writers who seem to me to have got to grips with(正确解决) the problem,but in quite different ways.Bob is extremely methodical(井井有条).He arrives at his office at 9 a.m. and is creative until 12∶30.At 2 p.m.,he returns to his desk and is creative until 5 p.m.,when he goes home and switches off until the following morning.Alan would deny that you can regulate your creativity in this way,by the clock as it were.He works in inspired bursts,often missing meals and sleep in order to get down on paper the ideas that are in his head.Such periods of intense activity are usually followed by days of laziness,when he walks around his flat,listening to Mozart or flicking through magazines.Their places of work reflect their styles.Bob's books are neatly arranged on the shelves by his desk.He can always find the books he wants,and there is not a single book in his office which is not directly relevant to his work.Alan,on the other hand,has books and magazines all over the place,some on shelves,some in piles on the floor and the table,still some even on or under the bed.Both Bob and Alan have managed to organize their lives in such a way that they are able to produce work of very high quality.Obviously,each works in the way that suits his character,and it would be foolish to take either as a model.All the same,there is a lot we can learn from them.For example,Bob has the excellent idea of setting targets for each week.As long as he is “on target,”he will occasionally take one afternoon off for relaxation without feeling guilty;he deliberately plans to waste time for recovery from tiredness.It seems to be a much better idea to relax and enjoy your time-wasting,rather than to feel guilty about it both at the time and afterwards.51.The author implies that a person who has wasted time should notA. waste any more time regretting it.B. feel uneasy or blame others.C. avoid being distracted a second time.D. try to make up for the lost time.52.Even if a writer can organize his time efficiently,heA. may not achieve much success.B. is unlikely to produce high quality work.C. still can't work creatively or productively.D. is less productive than people with regular jobs.53.Through the example of Bob and Alan,the author wants to showA. self-discipline is the most important in the profession of writing.B. creativity can never be regulated by devices such as a clock.C. one should not feel uneasy when wasting time once a target is hit.D. not bothering with small matters is a work style rather than a shortcoming.54.To make use of our time,we shouldA. keep warning ourselves against wasting time.B. set targets for each time unit.C. deliberately plan to waste time.D. work hard while working and enjoy ourselves while playing.55.The author suggests that wasting time can sometimes beA. necessary.B. shameful.C. productive.D. enjoyable.。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题含答案

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595PART ONEⅠ.TEXT COMPREHENSIONThe following comprehension questions are based on the texts you have learned, and each of them is provided with 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Choose the best answer to each question and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 1 point each)1.“One dollar and eighty-seven cents,”which O. Henry repeatedly mentions in Gifts of the Magi, is _____.[A]the money Della has been earning for months[B]what Della has saved to buy herself a comb[C]what Jim has given her for a Christmas present[D]the money Della has saved to buy Jim a present2.When the brothers discovered the secret love affair between Lisabetta and Lorenzo, they _____.[A]decided to wait for a chance to wipe away the shame[B]restrained from taking action after long consideration[C]immediately put an end to it by killing Lorenzo and burying him in a remote place[D]secretly sent Lorenzo away on business without informing their sister of it3.Accoridng to The Pardoner's Tale, the woman who gave the knight the right answer to the question disguised herself as a very old and ugly woman in order to .[A]avoid being noticed by the Queen[B]try out his goodness as a knight[C]prevent the knight from finding the answer[D]make sure he was obedient to women4.“She (Mme. Lo isel )seemed to have fallen from her propersituation in life as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm.”This quotation from The Necklace simply means that ______.[A]she had been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but now she was no longer what she used to be[B]she should have been a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm but her husband spoiled all her dreams[C]she felt as if a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm had fallen into an abyss(深渊)of bitter life[D]as a woman of wealth, beauty, grace and charm, she should have had a social position she deserved5.According to the story The Lost Gold Piece, when Lebeau refused to be searched,______.[A]his friends said nothing but walked out in anger[B]those present were all certain that Lebeau was a thief[C]no one spoke to Lebeau though most of them felt pity for him[D]he felt as if the were a real criminal6.Aesop was a Greek writer who ______.[A]wrote Snow White and many other stories about fairies and princes[B]wrote many stories about animals that talked and behaved like humans[C]collected Greek legends and myths 2,500 years ago[D]collected European lyrics and folk songs in ancient Greece7.In The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calavers County, Smiley went off to the swamp to find a frog to serve as Daniel's opponent for a jumping contest. While he was waiting for Smiley to return, the stranger took Daniel out of the box and ______.[A]fed him a few teaspoons of whisky[B]fed him a few teaspoons of sand[C]replaced him by a good-looking frog[D]ran away with Smiley's box and money8.In Art for Heart's Sake, after Ellsworth recovered from the disease, he made a surprising announcement that ______.[A]he would run a big risk of buying the gallery[B]he was going to exhibit his painting in the summer show at the gallery[C]some good paintings would be singled out for praise[D]he would comp up with a more promising financial plan9.According to How to Live like a Millionaire, the accumulation of wealth chiefly depends on ______.[A]self-discipline [B]inheritance[C]intelligence [D]luck10.The theme of Rip Van Winkle, a short story taken from The Sketch Book, is ______.[A]the value of individualism and intuitive perception[B]the human imagination to commune with nature[C]the nostalgia(怀旧)for the unrecoverable past[D]the praise for the individual and common man11.On waking up, Rip Van Wrinkle found himself ______.[A]in the hollow where the serious folk played ninepins[B]in the woods where he used to divert himself in hunting[C]in one of the biggest parts of mountains he used to climb[D]on the green hill where he had first seen the old man with the keg full of liquor12.In The Wrong House, the two men entered the house stealthily to ______.[A]make a big robbery [B]hide the suitcasepacked with dollars[C]flee for their lives [D]wait for their partners13.Pandora's Box conveys to the reader the message that ______.[A]the warnings given by friends or family members should be valued[B]there is hope in life despite trouble and difficulty[C]curiosity often brings harm and trouble in life[D]patience is the best rule of life for young couples14.According to Bricks from the Tower of the Babel, nearly a thousand languages have been invented with the purpose to ______.[A]enrich natural languages[B]confound the languages of the world[C]create a single international language[D]replace native languages15.The use of Latin and Greek roots appeals to most linguists mainly because of ______.[A]their link to the religion[B]their long history[C]their direct spelling rules and pronunciation[D]their Indo-European origin16.Helen Keller cited an example of her friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods to show that ______.[A]the seeing often do not see the interesting things[B]the seeing do not know the wonderful pleasure of touching things[C]walking in the woods is the best way to enjoy Nature[D]the blind get little pleasure through mere touching17.According to Social Classes, one thing that helps to make social class elastic is ______.[A]birth [B]residence[C]marriage [D]occupation18.The Supreme Court sees to it that ______.[A]the President does not become a dictator[B]the Congress approves the President's proposals[C]the individual's rights are protected against the government[D]the states do not go against the federal government19.Jane felt an inexpressible relief, a feeling of protection and safety when she knew that ______.[A]there was a stranger in the room[B]Mrs Reed was nearby[C]Bessie sat by her bedside[D]John Reed was not in the room20.In Jane Eyre, Bessie asked Sarah to come and sleep with her in thenursery because she ______.[A]wanted to discuss Jane's problems with her[B]was afraid that Jane might die that night[C]believed that Mr Reed's ghost might rise before her[D]had a terrible dream the night beforeⅡ.READING COMPREHENSIONIn this part there are 4 reading passages followed by 20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].You should decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points, 2 points each) Passage 1Queen Elizabeth II’s pronunciation of English has been infected by her subjects, Aussie scientists say.Phoneticists from Sydney's Macquarie University studied archive recordings of the Queen's annual Christmas message to the Commonwealth from the 1950s to1980s, analyzing her Majesty's vowels.They then compared those vowels with the standard accent of southern England, as used by female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s, to see how the royal accent had changed.Their conclusion: the cut-glass speech of the early years of the Queen's reign has become—how shall we say—somewhat commoner over the years.That in itself subtly mirrors the changes is Britain, from a country with a rigid social hierarchy(等级制度)four decades ago to one where class differences have blurred and in some areas disappeared.“The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influenced by the standard southern-British accent of the 1980s which is more typically associated with speakers who are younger and lower in the social hierarchy,”the researchers say.Standard speech in southern England has been influenced byCockneys(伦敦人), whose accent was initiated by Dick Van Dyke in the Walt Disney movie“Mary Poppins.”Purists will be reassur ed that the Queen's “Hice (house) of Windsor”will not become the Ouse of Windsor”(by dropping the‘h’) in the foreseeable future.However, there have been changes in 10 out of the 11 vowel sounds in the standard English.These changes bring her speech closer to that of her Cockney subjects, the researchers found.An example of this is the way in which she pronounces “had”.In the 1950s, the royal pronunciation of this word almost rhymedwith“bed”.But 30 years later, it had migrated halfway to the standard southern English pronunciation, which rhymes“had”with“had”.The Australian team say the pronunciation of all languages alters subtly over time, mainly because of influence from the young, and it is foolish for anyone to try to prevent change.“The chances of societies and academies successfully preserving a particular form of pronunciation against the influence of community and social changes are unlikely,” they say.The research was published December 21 in Nature, the British science weekly.21.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?[A]The pronunciation of all languages changes subtly over time.[B]It is not always easy to preserve a particular form of pronunciation.[C]The Queen's English has become commoner.[D]Class differences have blurred and even disappeared.22.Who did the research into the Queen's pronunciation?[A]An Australian research group.[B]Phoneticians from a British University.[C]A British science weekly.[D]The BBC broadcasters.23.The Queen's pronunciation of some vowels has been influencedby .[A]female British broadcasters on the BBC in the 1980s[B]the social changes in Britain in the 1980s[C]the standard speech in southern England[D]her subjects in the Commonwealth countries24.By saying that the change in the Queen's English mirrors thesocial changes in Britain, the writer means .[A]the rigid social hierarchy 40 years ago has collapsed[B]the Queen's accent has been influenced by the lower class[C]the Queen's accent is associated with the younger speakers[D]the social differences in Britain are no longer as distinct as before25.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT stated?[A]The researchers analyzed the Queen's vowels to see how the royal accent had changed.[B]The researchers found that the Queen's accent is closer to that of her Cockney subjects.[C]It is unlikely to preserve a particular accent against social changes and influence of community.[D]The change in the pronunciation of a particular language is closely associated with the Royal speech.Passage 2If culture is learned, there must be channels of transmission. Thisis the task of agents of socialization—people and organizations charged with conveying the rules. Chief among these are parents, peers, teachers, the media, and religious authorities.The first and most important agent of socialization is those who care for infants. In the earliest months, messages from nurturers(抚养人) constitute the child's basic understanding of the world around it. This is the infant's first introduction to the language that shapes perception and elicits emotions. What the child learns is the culture as mediated through others. A desire for continued interaction with the nurturers, combined with a fear of losing these sources of pleasure, motivates the infant to become sensitive to the cues of those entrusted with its care.Another powerful source of information and socialization is the friendship group of age peers. Peers are equals, whereas parents are superiors in relation to the child. The greater power of parents makes some kinds of learning difficult. A distance and formality must be observed even in the most indulgent (宽容) homes. Peers, on the other hand, are those one can deal with on the same level as oneself: tease, insult, let imagination loose upon, share dreadful mistakes with , and so on, but without the heavy emotional overlay of family relationship.Much formal socialization is placed in the hands of professionals. Teachers from kindergarten on are specifically designated agents of socialization, and are paid for the task. Ideally, a teacher is one who has both knowledge and the skills to present it.In an earlier time, parents, friends, and teachers would comprise the list of primary childhood socializers. Children's books, comics, andmagazines might also have been mentioned as sources of information on norms and role models. Today one must add four powerful indirect socialization agents: radio, movie, television and computer. Many people learn about politics, form a vision of the good life, and develop attitudes toward others from what they see on the screen and hear through loudspeakers.26.The main topic of this passage is .[A]agents of socialization [B]sources of information[C]culture and language learning [D]channels of transmission27.According to the passage, parents are .[A]the first and most important agents of socialization[B]the less powerful agents of socialization than teachers[C]the least important agents of socialization[D]formal agents of socialization28.Some kind of knowledge cannot be learned from parentsbecause .[A]there is the heavy emotional overlay of family relationships[B]children are not regarded as equals[C]children are not allowed to make mistakes[D]they have too many age peers29.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of information on norms and models?[A]Games. [B]Radio.[C]Books. [D]Television.30.The term “socializers”in the last paragraph refersto .[A]instructors [B]agents of socialization[C]superiors [D]nurturersPassage 3Before graduation from the University of Virginia, I sent my resume to African embassies and consulates, trying to find a position teaching English. But I didn't find a school in all the continentthat would guarantee employment. In desperation, I applied to the Japanese Ministry of Education and Ministry of Foreign Affairs to teach English in Japan, which became my job offer.But the more I thought about going to Japan, the more apprehensive I became, I knew nothing of the history or culture, and I didn't speak the language. I worried that facing prejudice in a foreign country would be extremely frustrating.Arriving at Sakura Nishi High School, about 40 minutes from Tokyo, I was relieved to find that everyone, from my principal to the PTA mothers, treated me with kindness and respect. But I discovered that while Japanese teens respected me as an American, they idolized me because I was Black.While I was in Japan, trendy department stores advertised Booby Brown posters, Cross Colours gear and X caps in their windows, Rappers from Ice-T to Ice Cube toured, and Malcolm X was at the major theaters. On Saturday nights Shibuya ward. Tokyo’s hub of hip-hop and high fashion, was packed with students in baggy jeans, “Doc”Martens, Chicango Bulls caps, permed (烫头发的) Afros and dreadlocks. To them, my being African-American meant I was Kakoi, cool. And before long I was a star.At a track-and-field event in Tokyo, I was one of the few foreign spectators. I hadn't been there ten minutes when a screaming mob of young girls swarmed around me like bees, waving pens, notebooks andT-shirts in my face, shout ing,“Sign, sign, sign!”I was petrifide(发呆的).Then it dawned on me that they thought I was an athlete. I couldn’t explain in Japanese that I was only a spectator, so I surrendered.That day was only the first of many incidents of mistaken identity and instant stardom. Nightclub managers let me in free, knowing my presence would attract patrons, and security guards at rap concerts gave me backstage passes. To be young, single and Black in Tokyo in the nineties was surely as exciting and romantic as the pre-World War Ⅱ Spain Hemingway knew.But I wanted to say to the Japanese, “You must understand, being Black is more involved than just wearing an X cap. It means being committed to furthering our race and nurturing our children. Being Black runs deeper than just having rhythm. It means possessing a history of more than 300 years of fighting for freedom and equality. And as a people, we are more diverse than our hair-styles. Ourtalents and interests vary as much as our shades of brown.”I wished I could have said what I really should have been telling myself all along, rather than defining myself by our images as either sports stars and performers or criminals and victims.31.The author's reason for going to Japan was that she .[A]intended to learn about the country and its people[B]failed to find an opportunity to teach English in Africa[C]knew she would be respected in foreign country[D]wanted to see if she would face prejudice in Japan32.How did the author feel about going to Japan?[A]Desperate. [B]Nervous.[C]Disappointed. [D]Frustrated.33.The author was treated like a star in Japan because .[A]she was a famous athlete [B]she was a famous rapper[C]she was an American [D]she was Black34.The writer's experience in Japan clearly tells usthat .[A]Japanese people lack confidence in their own nation[B]many Japanese believe that all Blacks who visit Japan are famous athletes[C]people in Japan are strongly opposed to racial prejudice[D]Japanese people like sports and many are sports fans35.It can be most safely concluded from the last paragraphthat .[A]the author did not actually tell anyone her ideas about being black[B]Japanese people were quite ignorant of American history[C]there was a lack of cultural exchange between American and Japan[D]people in the two countries have some misunderstanding about each otherPassage 4Pronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently pronouncing a foreign language is a skill—one that needs careful training of a special kind, and onethat cannot be acquired by just leaving it to take care of itself, I think even teachers of language, while recognizing the importance of a good accent, tend to neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and by his whole attitude to the subject should get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions, when other aspects ofEnglish, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Apart from this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is important that the teacher should be in possession of the necessary information. This can generally be obtained from books. It is possible to get from books some idea of the mechanics of speech, and of what we call general phonetic theory. It is also possible in this way to get a clear mental picture of the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students' pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronunciation may well be time wasted.But it does not follow that you can teach pronunciation successfully as soon as you have read the necessary books. It depends after that what use you make of your knowledge; and this is a matter of technique.36.What does the writer actually say about pronouncing foreign languages?[A]Only a few people are really proficient.[B]No one is really an expert in the skill.[C]There aren't many people who are even fairly good.[D]There are even some people who are moderately proficient.37.The best way of learning to speak a foreign language, he suggests, is by .[A]picking it up naturally as a child[B]learning from a native speaker[C]not concentrating on pronunciation as such[D]undertaking systematic work38.What is it that teachers are said to be inclined to forget?[A]The practical teaching of languages.[B]The importance of a good accent.[C]The principles of phonetic theory.[D]The teaching of pronunciation in the classroom.39.The value the student puts on correct speech habits dependsupon .[A]how closely he attends to the matter[B]whether it is English that is being taught[C]his teacher's approach to pronunciation[D]the importance normally given to grammar and spelling40.How might the teacher find himself wasting lesson time?[A]By spending lesson time on pronunciation.[B]By making ill-informed comments upon pronunciation.[C]By not using books on phonetics in the classroom.[D]By not giving students a clear mental picture of the difference between sounds.Ⅲ.SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this part there are 3 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 answers marked [A],[B],[C]and[D].Skim or scan the passages, then decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point each)Passage 1PagePREFACE1 INTRODUCTION5The Search of American Characterby Luther S.Luedtke35PART ONEBuilding a Nation1.America's NaturalLandscapes43by Pierce Lewis2.From Immigration toAcculturation68by Arthur Mann3.The Frontier Family: Dislocation and the AmericanExperience 81by Lillian Schlissel4.A Consonance ofTowns91by Richard Lingeman5.UrbanAmerica105by Sam Bass Warner, Jr.6.Cultural Regions ofAmerica121by Raymond D. GastilPARTTWO135 Expressions of American Culture1.AmericanManners140by Neil Harris2.The Artlessness of AmericanCulture153by Dickran Tashjian3.A New Architecture, YetOld165by Leland M. Roth4.Literature and Values: The American Crusoe and the Idea of the West 177by Richard Lehan5.Entertainment and the MassMedia190by Norman Corwin6.Sports and AmericanCulture207by Richard G. Powers41.The author of the introduction is .[A]Neil Harris [B]Luther S. Luedtke[C]Raymond D. Gastil [D]Richard G. Powers42.If you are interested in the relationship between sports and the American cult are you should refer to pages .[A]207-220 [B]53-164[C]35-152 [D]165-17643.In the essay written by Norman Corwin, you probably will find information about American .[A]literature [B]geography[C]newspapers [D]landscapesPassage 2The effort to develop gene (基因) transplants as a treatment for hereditary (遗传的) diseases has taken another step forward.An American team has developed a highly efficient technique to carry out gene transplants in mice. Eventually, scientists hope to be able to use the technique in man to replace the defective genes responsible for diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis.The latest feat in the drive towards performing a gene transplant on man was reported by doctors Suzanne Mansour, Kirk Thomas and Mario Capecchi of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Salt Lake City.“It is a breakthrough, producing a new approach to doing gene therapy,”said Dr Capecchi.Previous attempts at inserting new genes into the chromosome, the bady's genetic blueprint, have had only limited success.A British team has found a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work by the discovery of special genetic material that “switches on”the gene, wherever it is inserted in a cell's geneti c material.But a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes, disrupting the operation of the cell and leading to cancer in rare cases.Now the Utah team has developed a procedure in which the cell self-destructs if a new gene is not properly inserted. Their transplant gene contains a toxic component that produces poison in the cell if the gene is misplaced.The gene transplant was successful for one in 20 cells. Thousands of cells had to be screened when other methods were carried out, said Dr Thomas.The transplants were carried out on mouse embryo (胚胎) stem cells, the progenitors (祖先) of a number of cells in mice.They can be used to identify the function of genes and create mice with human genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis to help research into cures.44.American scientists are now able to .[A]carry out gene transplants in man[B]carry out gene transplants in mice[C]replace the defective genes of man[D]cure the diseases such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis45.The British team has found a way to transplant genes too. But itis not as good as the American way because .[A]the British team discovered the special genetic material[B]the British team discovered a way to persuade a transplanted gene to work[C]a misplaced gene may affect the operation of other genes[D]the British way is sure to lead to cancer46.The Utah team refers to .[A]the British team [B]the American team[C]Salt Lake City [D]something not mentioned47.The transplants were carried out to mouse embryo stem cells because they can be used to .[A]distinguish between mice and human beings[B]create human genetic disorders[C]identify cystic fibrosis[D]help researchPassage 3The 45 students in the first homeroom class of the ninth grade were all seated at their desks when the opening notes of the Brahms symphony roared from the loudspeaker at precisely 8∶30 a.m. Soon the violins faded, and a slow, synthesized pulse spread across the room, numbing the mind with its smooth, hypnotic gait. The room was cold and slightly dank (潮湿的). No sun shone through the plate glass windows overlooking the balcony. The clouds, like the students, were still.In a moment, a soothing, resonant voice began t o speak.“Good morning, boys and girls. Let's begin another wonderful day. Please close your eyes…”For ten minutes every morning the students at Sano Junior High sat in quiet meditation to prepare themselves for the day ahead. The principal, Sakamoto Sensei, had introduced this system, known asMethod Training, several years earlier in order to quell the growing incidence of school“violence,”mainly minor scuffles and hair violations. The program consisted of a sequence of 25 tapes for total mental and physical conditioning. Each day a different tape was played…After ten minutes the music dissolved, the voice disappeared, and Mrs. Negishi-standing erect before the class-took control of the homeroom meeting.“Stand up,”she commanded, and the students rose to their feet.“Attention,”she said, and they dropped their arms to their thighs.“Bow.”It was 8∶42 in the morning.People who are born and grow up in different cultures act and think very differently from one another. Bruce Feiler, an American who taught school in Japan, was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students to become adult members of Japanese society. Deep respect for authority, long hours of focused learning, appropriate modes of dress, even proper ways to bow-all of these were central aspects of Japanese education that would be virtually unthinkable in most American schools today. Japanese educational practices, in turn, reflect widely shared norms and values that are found in Japanese families, workplaces, and indeed throughout Japanese culture.48.The quiet meditation usually lasts for .[A]10minutes [B]15minutes[C]30minutes [D]42minutes49.The music used for total mental and physical conditioningis .[A]the same every day [B]out of date[C]different every day [D]popular among young people50.The main idea of the last paragraph is that .[A]Japanese educational practices reflect widely stared norms and values found throughout Japanese culture[B]the writer was struck by the ways in which Japanese schools socialized their students[C]people from different cultures act and think differently from one another。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语（一）试题1

课程代码：00012Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出⼀个答案。

1.What you said reminds me ____ something I read a few days ago.A.forB.byC.fromD.of2.Another worry is that telecommunication systems may isolate people__ each otherA.fromB.forC.withD.to3.The smog is due __ invisible gases, mostly from automobile exhaust.A.fromB.toC.forD.with4.__ is accepted as ture is relatively,and not absolutely, true.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.That it5.There are many children and adolescents ___ behavior is generally unacceptable.A.theirB.whoC.whomD.whose6.Edison failed __ times before he succeeded in producing the first electric lamp.A.thousandB.thousandsC.a thousand ofD. thousands of7.Water ____ the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.A.makesB.causesC.pushesD.turns8.The panic attacks may ____ for only a few minutes; some, however, continue for several hours.A.happenB.beginstD.end9.Let us see how dictionaries are made and how the editors ____ definitions.A.lead toB.arrive atC.reach forD.approach to10.The nurse took ___ of my blood to test.A.an exampleB.an instanceC.a caseD.a sampleⅡ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each)下列短⽂中有⼗个空⽩，每个空⽩有四个选项。

(完整word版)英语语法00831,历年真题,试卷

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831Ⅰ。

单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given:1。

When they arrived at the airport, the plane _____A.already set off B。

set off alreadyC。

had already set off D.has already set off2.The moon _____ around the earth。

A。

move B。

moves C。

will move D。

has moved3.If I _____ you， I would give up the job.A.amB.beC.was D。

were4。

_____ there be life on Mars？A。

May B。

Can C.Might D。

Ought5.She pretended not _____ interested but her eyes betrayed her.A.to be B。

be C。

being D.been6.He aimed his gun _____ me.A。

to B。

at C.on D.into7.Stay _____ have dinner with us, will you？A。

to B。

or C。

and D。

here8.You can use my car， _____ you promise to be back before lunch.A。

as for as B。

as much asC。

as good as D.as long as9。

Mary listened carefully _____ she might dicover exactly what John wanted.A.so as thatB.in order thatC.in case D。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题答案

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题参考答案课程代码：00015Ⅰ.V ocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point for each item)1.A2.C3.B4.B5.D6.A7.A8.D9.C 10.DⅡ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)11.B 12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.CⅢ.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)21.D 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.A26.D 27.C 28.D 29.C 30.A31.C 32.D 33.A 34.C 35.AⅣ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)36.passport 37.graduate 38.relief 39.cargo40.profound 41.lengthen 42.urban 43.appoint44.honesty pel 46.critical 47.devotion48.efficient 49.manual 50.routine 51.neutral52.youthful 53.heighten 54.additional 55.householdⅤ.Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)56.Standing 57.to be held 58.had made 59.appreciation60.testing 61.smaller 62.increasingly 63.disapproval64.had not been 65.livedⅥ.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)66.The librarian asked the students to replace the magazines after reading.67.The police have taken a detailed and comprehensive investigation into the case.68.It's up to you whether you will withdraw all your money form the bank.69.He took no notice of his wife's threat to leave him.70.If you persist in ignoring what I (have) said , I will punish you.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)谈到聪明，我们不是指在某些种类的考试中得高分、或者在学校取得优异成绩的能力。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题历年试卷

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题课程代码：00015PART ONEⅠ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, i point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

1.Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.in that2.The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.A.trustB.creditC.convinceD.believe3._______ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don't you take a bus totown?A.In spite ofB.Rather thanC.In palce ofD.Other than4.The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are.A. obliged toB. bound toC. desired toD. motivated to5.All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistorictimes.A.toB.betweenC.forD.from6.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.A.cut offB.cut downC.cut acrossD.cut out7.If we _______ everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.A.hadn't gotB. didn't getC.wouldn't have gotD. wouldn’t get8.In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words.A.besideB.exceptC.thenD.than9.In deciding _______ a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on thevoters.A.what to pursueB.which to pursueC.whether to pursueD.if to pursue10.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk _______.A.at onceB.at handC.at intervalsD.at randomⅡ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题5

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填⼊空⽩。

答案写在答题纸上。

56.______(stand) at the gate was a young man in green coat.57.It is said the conference is ______(hold) in this hall next month.58.Little did they realize that they _____(make) an importantdiscovery in science.59.we would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _____ (appreciate) of your help.60.As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals used in experiments may decrease,but stopping ____(test) on animals altogether is a long way away.rge or fat people who want to look ____(small) than they are usuallywear dark clothes.62.Robots, becoming ______(increase) prevalent in factories, are programmed and engineered to do morejobs.63.The author of the text expresses a strong _____(disapprove) of working on and off frequently.64.He would have given you more help, if he ______ (not be) so busy.65.A life _____(live)without fantasy and daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

2002年4月英语翻译试题及答案-推荐下载

2002年4月英语翻译试题及答案课程代码：0087PART ONEⅠ. Multiple Choice Questions(30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness and write it down onthe answer sheet.1.Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.A.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。

忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

B.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。

忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。

C.天快黑了，有人给比尔一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。

忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座大桥的轮廓。

D.给比尔一把椅子，他被要求坐下等一会儿，天快黑了。

忽然电灯全亮了，整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

2.It will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated.A.这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。

B.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。

4月全国自考英语语法试题及答案解析

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I think it ______ out of gas.( )A. may runB. may have runC. must runD. should have run7. The teacher won’t mind ______ the term paper. ( )A. us to delay handing inB. our delaying handing inC. our delaying to hand inD. us delay to hand in8. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.( )1A. have been finishedB. had been finishedC. having been finishedD. were finished.9. What he has done is ______ what I have done. ( )A. superior toB. more superior toC. superior thanD. more superior than10. Mary earns ______ as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics than Jane.( )A. twice so muchB. twice as muchC. as much twiceD. so much twice11. We’ 11 discuss a ______ issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern.( ) A. less B. moreC. lesserD. most12. He was very disappointed ______ the salary the company offered him. ( )A. withB. toC. forD. on13. The course usually attracts 30 students each term, ______ about two-thirds are girls.( )A. among whomB. for whomC. among themD. for them14. I have never seen a TV program ______ the man cannot find a parking space at the very firsttry.( )A. whereB. whichC. whenD. there15. Everyone believes that the day will come ______ people all over the world live a rich andhappy life. ( )A. whenB. whereC. whichD. why16. The novelist and poet ______ best writer of the year. ( )A. have been awardedB. have awardedC. has awardedD. has been awarded17. Ten minutes ______ an hour when I’m depresse d. ( )2A. seemsB. seemC. seemedD. is seeming18. ______ Paul brings the money for our lunch, we’ll go right to t he cafeteria. ( )A. As far asB. As soon asC. As good asD. As much as19. The captain, together with the crew, ______ determined not to abandon the ship until all the passengers were aboard the lifeboats. ( )A. isB. areC. wereD. was20. I saw ______ girls at the cinema. ( )A. the bothB. many aC. both theD. a many二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.（共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）21. isn’t, hasn’t been, haven’t been, is, are, wasThe present government, which ______ in power long, ______ trying to control inflation. It isn’t having much success.22. a, a, the, the, some, suchGetting ______ unions and ______ bosses to agree isn’t easy.23. is now believing, is now believed, has now believed, taught, teaching, being taughtIt ______ that foreign languages are most easily ______ to young children.24. am, were, has been, will be, shall be, should beI ______ anxious that nobody ______ hurt.25. if once, until, releases, releasing, released______ ______ from prison, he is likely to engage himself in the same business and commit the same crime.26. which, what, when, seen, I’ve ever seen, which I’ve ever seenIt’s the only building ______ ______ is made entirely of glass.27. believed, was believed, were believed, are, was, wereWhat ______ to be aliens from outer space ______ actually several sheep going astray.328. both, either, neither, whatever, whichever, howeverYou can keep one of the photos, ______ of them—______ you like.Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共20小题,每小题1分，共20 分)29. Let’s talk to the manager, ______ (we)?30. How long ______ (speech) you made this afternoon!31. There has been an increasing number of ______ (man) teachers in primary schools in the lastfew years.32. All ______ (town) were celebrating the victory that night.33. We’re having dinner at my ______ (aunt) tonight.34. If only they ______ (stop) this constant complaining.35. The vase ______ (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony.36. We ______ (call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves.37. She took a taxi to the station so that she ______ (not miss) the train.38. This ______ (cure) your cough if you had taken it.39. Several people reported ______ (hear) her cry for help.40. When are you going to have the car ______ (repair)?41. ______ (dangerous) it is, the more I like it.42. He is ______ (of a fool) than his predecessor.43. A lot of people volunteered to donate their blood ______ (of sympathy).44. With luck, you might cover your cos ts, but don’t ______ (count) it.45. The woman ______ (whom) we talked has just given birth to quintuplets successfully.46. What he did and when he did it ______ (be) the only things I want to know.47. My car is too small. Let’s rent a ______ (big).48. －Will they change it?－Yes. I ______ (imagine).三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分)Correct one error in each of the following sentences.49. The new reservoir is the two-thirds size of the old one in area.50. The friend of mine will visit me tomorrow.451. I have been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again.52. I propose that a woman member of the committee appoint for the chair.53. The truth of course is that you must have to pay a professional to do it for you.54. Yesterday John went to see a house in a view to buying it.55. Because the leader couldn’t attend the meeting, so it was cancele d.56. The old lady must feel the cold a great deal because she doesn’t go out in the winter.57. When used with care, transitional words can enhance writing, however, too many of them will soon weary your reader.58. Young though he was, did he manage to make a living on his own.59. In order that the child to recover fully, an operation must be done.60. The cup was broken by someone, but I don’t know who.四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.61. Using an intensifier:I have not known him tell a lie.62. Using a question tag:Bob rarely got drunk.63. Using a proper modal auxiliary:Perhaps he was working for Simons.64. Using a non-finite form:I am sure it’ll do you good if you admit that you made the mistake.65. Using a relative clause:He said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true.66. Using an adjunct:My wife was using the vacuum cleaner. I was trying to listen to a broadcast play.67. Using an adjunct:His mother waited up. He came home.68. Using a pseudo-deft sentence:The students are going to write theses.69. Using passive voice:We must put an end to this state of things as soon as possible.570. Using extraposition:Meeting you in London that day was pleasant.71. Using inversion:Come and teach in our school. You won’t find such fine pupils anywhere else.72. Using an appropriate cohesive device:Check out the weather at your destination. If you do not check out the weather at your destination, things can be very embarrassing.五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分)Answer the following questions.73. Why do most modern English grammarians adopt a two-tense system?74. Why does co-reference between pronouns often cause our hesitation in the course of speakingand writing?6。

全国2002年4月自学考试英语试题答案

全国2002年4月自学考试英语(一)试题答案课程代码：00012Ⅰ.Vocabulary and structure (10 points, 1 point for each)1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D6.D7.A8.C9.B 10.DⅡ.Cloze Test (10 points,1 point for each)11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D16.B 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.BⅢ.Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points for each)21.B 22.C 23.A 24.A 25.B26.D 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.B31.C 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.AⅣ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)36.introduce 37.hesitate 38.equipment 39.cycle 40.yellow41.attract 42.frequently 43.shut 44.progress 45.request 46.possess 47.passive 48.neat 49.rock 50.eventually 51.wisdom 52.invent 53.remote 54.theory 55.wheel Ⅴ.Word From (10 points, 1 point for each)56. married 57.visit 58.would have been understood59.being punished 60.are blown 61.discovery62.known 63.will have been 64.smiling65.to saveⅥ.C-E Translation (15 points, 3 points for each)66.How do you plan to deal with this problem?67.Whether or not we will go out tomorrow depends on the weather.68.One reason why we are unwilling to discuss insurance is that it is very expensive.69.Without your help we could not have finished the task yesterday.70.It is said that in some single parent families children live a miserable life.Ⅶ.E-C Translation (15 points)许多人认为美国儿童的健康状况不良。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码00794

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码00794全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794Part OneⅠ.用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个正确答案，并将选项号填在答题纸上的相应位置。

(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分)1.The values of today's young people differ from ________.A.those of their parentsB.that of their parentsC.their parentsD.whose parents2.We had to leave quietly ________ disturb other people.A.as so not toB.so as not toC.not so as toD.so not as to3.Where is your brother?He ________ to the dining room.A.had goneB.had beenC.has beenD.has gone4.A new all-purpose building ________ in the mountain village for shopping,business and indoor sports.A.is now constructingB.has now constructedC.is now being constructedD.has been now constructed5.If you had done as I told you,this ________.A.should have not happenedB.would not have happenedC.did not happenD.had not happened6.________ the city's environment(环境) has become of great importance.A.The improvingB.Improving ofC.ImprovingD.Being improved7.I advised him the bus conductor to tell him ________.A.to ask,where to get offB.to ask,to get off whereC.telling,where to get offD.telling,to get off where8.Do you feel like ________ to a film or would you rather ________ at home.A.to go,to stayB.going, stayC.to go,stayingD.going,to stay9.That's one of those questions that ________.A.needn't to be answeredB.needn't to answerC.needn't be answeredD.needn't answer10.Y ou'd rather I didn't tell her about it,________?A.wouldn't youB.didn't youC.should youD.had you11.________ the road and you will come to the office building.A.If you were to turn offB.Turn offC.Turning offD.Having turned off12.________ a good excuse for being late,Sally was criticized.A.Not havingB.Having notC.Have notD.Do not have13.Since our stay was too short,we couldn't visit all the places ________.A.where we should like to visitB.which we would like to visit themC.where we should have liked toD.which we would have liked to14.________ your feelings may be,it's best to take his advice.A.WhateverB.WhatC.HoweverD.How15.The students were assigned to write a paper on ________ from the course.A.what had they learnedB.that had they learnedC.that they had learnedD.what they had learned16.A short sentence after a series of(一系列) long sentences can have a dramatic ________.A.influenceB.resultC.impressionD.effect17.When he looked into the audience,he caught ________ of his mother nodding to him.A.signB.sightC.glowD.head18.Only then did he ________ the situation he and his fellow soldiers were in.A.awareB.aware ofC.become awareD.become aware of19.The hunter fired and the fox fell ________.A.deathB.deadlyC.deadD.dying20.Mr.Green's good health is chiefly ________ proper diet and regular exercise.A.due toB.becauseC.in connection withD.in accordance with21.The owner of the store promised to give the money backto the traveller ________ his return.A.atB.fromC.byD.on22.How could he convince them ________ his innocence?A.onB.ofC.withD.over23.It's ________ the government to make a decision on this issue.A.thanks toB.according toC.due toD.up to24.She didn't expect them to understand the sufferings she and her family ________.A.went overB.went throughC.passed overD.passed into25.After a long discussion the two parties ________ an agreement.A.arrivedB.arrived inC.reached outD.reached26.The upper part of him that would show above the table would ________ no doubt in the mind ofthe waiter.A.riseB.ariseC.arouseD.awake27.He came here to be a miner but ________ as a farmer.A.ended upB.turned upC.came upD.brought up28.When the boy was only four,his father decided to ________a musician of him.A.doB.makeC.developD.produce29.My parents,________ touring in Britain,are looking forward to a traditional English afternoontea in a beautiful setting.A.nowadaysB.instantlyC.presentlyD.intently/doc/001e23e7102de2bd96058833.ht ml st year,the school ________ a special class to help poor readers.A.set asideB.set upC.set outD.set offⅡ.阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，根据短文的内容从四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸上的相应位置。

浙江2002年4月高级英语试题及答案

13. The boy sought ____ his mother in the crowd. A.for B.after C.on D.out 14. The old woman ____ curses on those hooligans. A.called off B.called down C.imposed D.mocked 15. The job is not inviting ____ money,but I can experience. A.on terms of B.in term of C.in terms of D.on terms with 16. I don't like to feel ____ to a person I regard with contempt. A.under an obligation B.beyond an obligation C.by an obligation D.with an obligation 17. Justice has ____,the guilty man has been punished. A.prevailed B.practiced C.performed D.overcome 18. Through the glass paneling I caught a glimpse of a large and ____ room. A.genuine B.magnificent C.luxurious D.considerate 19. Everyone believes that oil and water do not ____ together.And why not stop it? A.blench B.blend C.blank D.bleed 20. The vivid green of the fields ____ all the emotions in her. A.called up B.stirred up C.mixed up D.occurred to Section B There are 20 sentences in this section.I n each sentence there is a word or a phrase underlined. Below each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that can best replace the underlined part of each sentence without changing its original meaning.Then write the answer on the Answer Sheet. 21.Sam's employer countered his request for more money by threatening to dismiss him. A.calculated B.valued C.opposed D.acknowledged 22.An Oscar represents the ultimate accolade for a movie actor's performance. A.affirmative B.negative C.greatest D.successful 23.The machine is unsafe because of the defects in it. A.mistakes B.follies C.errors D.faults 24.The road sign is easy to read:the words stand out well e out B.go out C.are vague D.are notable 25.The two partners will never reach an agreement if one or the other does not modverlook B.identify C.change D.negotiate 26.The clumsy waiter spilt the soup while he was trying to pass the swinging door. A.unskillful B.stupid C.busy D.anxious 27.A rational woman wouldn't weep just because her husband had forgotten her birthday. A.proper B.sensitive C.sensible D.emotional 28.Once he is crowned,the king will reign until he dies. A.inherit B.continue C.advocate D.exercise power 29.I never thought she could come down to asking my advice about her affairs. A.decline B.go down hill C.leave behind D.be reduced 30.The boy stripped himself to go swimming in the river. A.slipped B.removed C.strolled D.undressed 31.To our relief that our lives have taken on a certain regularity. A.threatened B.acquired C.suffered D.adopted 32.He is the kind of architect who assimilates his building to its environment. A.associates B.assigns C.imitates D.absorbs 33.This is Tom's exquisite miniature showing the greatest delicacy in their use of color. A.extend B.explode C.elegant D.expose 34.The old man has been supervising the students for 20 years. A.keeping watch B.taking care C.getting over D.seeing through 35.She cleaned a small segment of the painting. A.corner B.part C.stain D.spot 36.When we do the arithmetic,the sorts of numbers we come up with are around a m illion technical civilizations. A.run into B.carry out C.claim D.give 37.Of primary interest in business and technical research reports is the validity of the results as the bases for company decisions. A.clearness B.hypothesis C.soundness D.volition 38.Scientists are a minority group,and like most minorities they're largely hidden from the public's sight,tucked away in ghettos… A.exhausted B.hidden

2002年4月试题及答案

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over( )A. the reader’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal V erbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sente nce ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ( )A. V ocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16._________________meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words. Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; beare ( ) G. twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.S tudy the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife"→"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort"→"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish"→"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题参考答案课程代码：00832Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A10.B11.C 12.A13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)21.B 22.C 23.A24.F 25.D26.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.S tudy the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.explanation32.head+head blending33.hyponymy/hyponym34.figure of speech; metonymy35.phonetic manipulation/alliteration36.back clipping37.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes38.degradation39.narrowing40.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)41. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.42. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.43.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.44.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.45.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)46.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.48.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to c reate new words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday50.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。

2002年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题

PART ONE Ⅰ。

Multiple Choice Questions（30 points， 2 points for each） A. Directions： This part consists of ten sentences， each followed by four different versions marked A，B，C and？D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness and write it down on the answer sheet. 1.Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on， then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights. A.天快⿊了，有⼈给⽐尔⼀把椅⼦，请他坐下等⼀会⼉。

忽然电灯全亮了，整座⼤桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

B.给⽐尔⼀把椅⼦，他被要求坐下等⼀会⼉，天快⿊了。

忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座⼤桥的轮廓。

C.天快⿊了，有⼈给⽐尔⼀把椅⼦，请他坐下等⼀会⼉。

忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整座⼤桥的轮廓。

D.给⽐尔⼀把椅⼦，他被要求坐下等⼀会⼉，天快⿊了。

忽然电灯全亮了，整座⼤桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

2.It will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. A.这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此⼴泛地受到⼈们的尊敬和赞赏。

B.这会使你进⼀步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此⼴泛地受到⼈们的尊敬和赞赏。

2002年4月自考大学英语（二）试题及答案

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题及答案2007年03月06日星期二星期二 13:35Ⅰ.V .Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, i point for each item) ocabulary and Structure (10 points, i point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

1.Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression. A.that B.which C.in which D.in that 2.The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country. A.trust B.credit C.convince D.believe 3._______ 3._______ driving driving driving around around around all all all day day day looking looking looking for for for somewhere somewhere somewhere to to to park, park, park, why why why don't don't don't you you you take take take a a bus bus to to town? A.In spite of B.Rather than C.In palce of D.Other than 4.The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home —they always are. A. obliged to B. bound to C. desired to D. motivated to 5.All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times. A.to B.between C.for D.from 6.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain. A.cut off B.cut down C.cut across D.cut out 7.If we _______ everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow. A.hadn't got B. didn't get C.wouldn't have got D. wouldn’t get8.In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words. A.beside B.except C.then D.than 9.In deciding _______ a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters. A.what to pursue B.which to pursue C.whether to pursue D.if to pursue 10.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk _______. A.at once B.at hand C.at intervals D.at random Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2002年4月全国综合英语(二)试题及答案

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(二)试题课程代码：00795PART ONEⅠ.语法、词汇。

用适当的词填空。

从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

(本大题共25小题，每小题1分，共25分) Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(25 points)1.Books require hard work and practice and ,like sports ,they can be both a ______ and a delight.A. nuisanceB. annoyanceC. challengeD. prodding2.A lot of trouble in this world is caused by ______ a narrow mind with a wide mouth.A. combiningB. concerningC. addingD. involving3.Most economists believe that the five-day work week has had a positive ______ on our economy.A. influenceB. affectC. after-effectD. effect4.If a man does not make new acquaintances ,he will soon find himself ______.A. out in the coldB. lonelyC. behindD. in peace5.The boy ran ______ from home to school and was just in time for class.A. all the moreB. all the wayC. all the sameD. all the time6.Parents unable to spend much time with their children are likely to ______ them with a lot of playthings.A. coverB. fillC. rainD. shower7.Some people have trouble ______ to a life of retirement.A. changingB. adoptingC. adjustingD. fitting8.A good way to forget your trouble is to help others out of ______.A. themB. theirC. theirs'D. theirs9.Garbage collecting is as ______ a job as clerking ,or teaching.A. respectableB. respectiveC. respectfulD. respecter10.There's nothing shameful ______ being wrong .Nobody can be right all the time.A. onB. forC. aboutD. concerning11.It is not hard to find the truth ;what is hard is not to run away from it ______ you have found it.A. whileB. onceC. as long asD. as soon as12.______ men fail through ignorance of their strength than through knowledge of their weakness.A. ManyB. SomeC. MoreD. Less13.According to a medical report,______ 75 percent of the current violent crime is drug related.A. so many asB. as many asC. so much asD. as much as14.______ so many people been interested in computers as today.A. There never haveB. Never before haveC. There have neverD. Before never have15.She was the only one in her family ______ the disastrous earthquake.A. survivingB. having survivedC. to surviveD. survived16.It is the first time that I ______ really relaxed for months.A. feelB. have feltC. feltD. will have felt17.“Will you join us tonight?”“Oh ,I ______,but I have an essay to write.”A. would love toB. would loveC. would love to joinD. would love joining18.I don't regret ______ her what I thought of her husband ,even though it might have upset her.A. tellingB. to tellC. that I will tellD. to have to tell19.The higher the standard of living ,the ______.A. greater is the amount of goods to consumeB. greater amount of goods consumedC. greater the amount of goods consumedD. amount of goods consumed is greater20.“Why didn't you buy the dictionary?”“I ______,but I didn't have enough money with me.”A. would buyB. would haveC. had boughtD. had done21.To be frank ,I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. don't doC. didD. didn't do22.______ dark clouds gathering on the horizon ,he stopped the work in hand and went home.A. To seeB. Having been seeingC. SeeingD. Having to see23.“Couldn't he understand that the few drops of water ______ out of us so fast if we waited until night?”I thought to myself.;A. won’t be sweatedB. wouldn't be sweatedC. won’t be sweatingD. wouldn't be sweating24.His eyes wouldn't close .They kept ______ me ,narrow and dangerous.A. watchB. watchingC. to watchD. watched25.I think you ought ______ me about the matter and not have let me make such a fool of myself.A. have toldB. tellC. had toldD. to have toldⅡ.完形填空。

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语（一）试题4

Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Conflict, like stress, is a natural phenomenon when people interact. Conflict in some form is always present;however, It is not always negative. Conflict can be positive, for example, when you and your colleagues tryto select the best possible alternative to a problem. However, much more attention is given to the negativeaspects of conflict.Conflict occurs when we fear the unknown. This can be very simple: someone says something in a tone ofvoice different from our expectations, which raises questions in our mind as to what the real meaning mightbe. Of course conflict can, and does, occur in much more serious circumstances.Your ability to detect and understand conflict will place you in a better position to control the situation.Conflict is often categorized in three stages. Stage one is the day-to-day irritations( 恼⼈的事)that requireminimal coping strategies. Stage one conflict is real but low in intensity. The intensity can increase ifirritations increase and no solution is found.Stage two is reached when the parties become competitive. Each person protects his self-interest and fearsloss of face. The win-lose attitude becomes integrated with the problem. Stage three is reached when the objective changes from wanting to win toward wanting to hurt the otherparty. This stage can be explosive because other people are drawn into the conflict and sides are chosen.Problem solving is no longer a realistic method of resolution.By understanding the three stages of conflict, it will be easier for you to handle the day-to-day situations towhich you are exposed. You will also be able to detect potential conflict between others in which you do notwant to get involved.31.Conflict is ____.A.paid attention to because it is negativeB.only positive when occurring between colleaguesC. universally present in human interactionsD.similar to stress in every aspect32.Stage two conflict is different from stage one conflict in that ___.A.it is caused by daily disputesB.it is low in intensityC.it takes a form of competitionD.it always leads to loss of face33.The third stage can be explosive because _____.A.quarreling becomes inevitableB.it is not longer a conflict between two individualsC.people begin to hate each otherD.no solution is possible34.The ability to identify conflict ___.A.can help you make good use of conflictB.enables you to win every competitionC.can prevent conflict from occurringD.can help you deal with the situation better35.The conflict between a student and his roommate caused by different living habits is an instance of ____.A.stage one conflictB.stage two conflictC.stgae three conflictD.none of the above。

2002年英语专业四级语法词汇部分及答案详解

2002年41. She did her work _________her manager had instructed.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though答案：A 【参考译文】她按照经理的指示办事。

【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。

【详细解答】 as可做关系词引导方式状语从句；until和when都引导时间状语从句；though 引导让步状语从句。

根据句意，此处应用关系词引导方式状语从句，故选项A为正确答案。

42. _______ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All答案：C 【参考译文】那对双胞胎都没被捕，因为我昨晚在一个晚会上看见了他俩。

【试题分析】本题考查代词的用法。

【详细解答】根据句意，此处指那对双胞胎都没被捕，所以可排除B、D项； none表示“没有(人或物)”，后常跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数形式；neither表示“(二者之中)哪个也不”，后跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。

此题中指双胞胎两个人中哪个也没被捕，故选项C为正确答案。

43. For some time now, world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed答案：B 【参考译文】一段时间以来，世界各国首脑一直在不断地指出达成武器裁减协议的必要性。

【试题分析】本题为语法题，考查对时态的掌握。

【详细解答】由句中时间状语“for some time now”可知，这里要用现在完成时；选项B为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，故为正确答案。

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2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题及参考答案(word版)2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题及参考答案(word版)课程代码：00831Ⅰ.单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given:1. When they arrived at the airport, the plane _________A. already set offB. set off alreadyC. had already set offD. has already set off2. The moon _________around the earth.A. moveB. movesC. will moveD. has moved3. If I _________you, I would give up the job.A. amB. beC. wasD. were4. _________there be life on Mars?A. MayB. CanC. MightD. Ought5. She pretended not _________interested but her eyes betrayed her.A. to beB. beC. beingD. been6. He aimed his gun _________me.A. toB. atC. onD. into7. Stay _________have dinner with us, will you?A. toB. orC. andD. here8. You can use my car, _________you promise to be back before lunch.A. as for asB. as much asC. as good asD. as long as9. Mary listened carefully _________she might discover exactly what John wanted.A. so as thatB. in order thatC. in caseD. provided10. A: What will you be doing in the summer?B:_________English in a high school.A. To teachB. TeachingC. Will be teachingD. Will teach11. Is this the first time you _________Beijing ?A. have visitedB. would visitC. visitedD. have been visiting12. Great as Einstein was, many of this assumptions _________today and modified by contemporary scientists.A. are to challengeB. may be challengedC. are challengingD. have been challenged13. You _________be shocked at the news.A. should wellB. must wellC. may wellD. can well14. He _________possibly be serious, and nobody takes it seriously.A. shouldn’tB. can’tC. mustn’tD. shan’t15. He didn’t permit me _________.A. explainingB. explainedC. explainD. to explain16. Many of them died _________the disease.A. inB. forC. ofD. among17. The government has promised to do all _________lies in its power to help.A. whichB. thatC. ()D. the18. The person _________I complained is the manager.A. whoB. to whomC. whomD. to who19. He went to bed _________he finished his work.A. at the momentB. the momentC. in a momentD. by the moment20. The evidence is invalid _________it was obtained through illegal means.A. so thatB. thatC. since thatD. in thatⅡ. 选择题(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)Fill in the blanks with one of the following items:21.is, are, being, people, peoplesThe Chinese, like many other _________in the Far East, _________extremely hard-working.22. is, are, was, were, itself, himself, themselvesChicago Bulls _________enjoying _________at the celebration party for the fifth NBA championship.23. prefer, prefers, is, are, was, were, will be, shall beOne-third of the students _________willing to write course papers but ten percent of the teachers _________in-class examinations.24. be, is, was, are ,were, will be, shall be, has, have hada. She is one of these girls who _________trouble running around.b. This one of the many houses here which _________destroyed in the earthquake.Put the following words in appropriate groups:25.green, greens, greenery, salads, salad, salad’sHer sister didn’t give her anything on her birthday but a small _________Chinese _ ________spoon.26. The early; Early; The earlier; the soon; sooner; the sooner_________you start, _________you’ll get it done.27. billiards, bronchitis, deer, dominoes, sheep, Vietnamesea. Singular only:_________b. Both singular and plural:_________28. butter, desk, fish, laughter, people, thundera. Countable nouns:_________b. Uncountable nouns:_________Ⅲ. 填空(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Fill in the blanks with assertive, non-assertive or negative words:29. It’s strange that she should _________repeat the mistake.30. He refused to stay here _________longer.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of the given verb phrases:31. It is very typical of you. You _________(always lose) things.32. She _________(entitle to) a repayment of her damaged car.33. We never imagined him _________(stay) at home for a whole week.Fill in the blanks with proper words:34. This is our _________important task so far.35. I like Australia best _________all the English speaking countries.36. I made a comparison _________the major English speaking countries.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:37. He never came _________when he was in trouble.38. I think it best _________you should stay here.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun:39. They eat the finest food _________is available.40. That _________was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.41. He feared lest people should think him impractical, _________he was not.Fill in the blanks with WH-words:42. A: I’m going to Beijing this weekend.B: _________for?43. A: _________come he’s failed in the exam?B: He’s been absent from class for a whole month.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate form of the given words:44. It is highly desirable that a new president _________(appoint) for this university.45. Rather than _________(repair) it, he decided to sell the car.46. She came much _________ (early) than we expected.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate pronoun:47. She could pass _________a much younger woman.48. Look _________you and decide if you like your position.Ⅳ. 改错(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分)Correct errors in the following sentences:49. She’s got a parrot no the shoulder.50. Have you heard this new idea of the boss?51. He watched each gesture of her as if she was a stranger.52. I saw that stupid boyfriend of Mary yesterday.53. John F. Kennedy was President of United States in 1961.54. A great deal of illness originates in mind.55. The all of Paris welcomed the general.56. I haven’t seen him whole day.Ⅴ. 改写句子(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分)Rewrite the following sentences as required:57. Turn the singular nouns or noun phrases into plural forms wherever possible with other necessary changes:The passer-by stopped and put his hand into his trouser pocket.58. Write a counter-factual condition based on the given fact:Alexandra the great died because of the attention from too many physicians.59. Use modal verbs:I just don’t believe that the line has been engaged all this time. Maybe there’s a faul t on it.60. Turn the clause into an infinitive phrase:It’s good idea that we do not permit smoking in this area.61. Combine sentences using coordination and / or subordination:You are in doubt about deductions on our tax return. Call the IRS collect.62. Combine sentences using coordination and / or subordination:We carved their names on the stone. Our purpose was to have future generations kno w what they had done.63. Combine the sentences into one that contains a relative clause:My boss is a very considerate person. His predecessor was not a considerate person at all.64. Rewrite the following sentence using a disjunct:It is more important that the government should always be responsive to the public opinions.65. Improve the following sentence:Excessive exposure to violence on TV is more harmful than expected to children.66. Use cleaving for place adjunct:Jack revealed Tom’s scandal at the party.67. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?B: No, I don’t think John is trying to enter Harvard Law School. He hates lawyers.68. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:A: Can I have these apples, Mum?B: You just had a big apple.69. Rewrite the following sentence using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:I learned to pack light early in life. I had to pack light early in life.Ⅵ. 名词解释(本大题2小题，每小题2分，共4分)Define the following terms with examples:70. Predictive meaning of modal auxiliaries71. Define “ellipsis” with two examples.Ⅶ. 简答题(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分)Answer the following questions with the help of examples:72. List two situations in which simple present is used to refer to the past.73. What are non-finite verbs?74. What role does ″there″ play i n the existential sentence from a communicative poi nt of view?【全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题参考答案】Ⅰ. 单项选择题(每小题1分，共20分)1—5 CBDBA 6—10BCDBB11—15ADCBD 16—20CBBBDⅡ. 选择题(每小题2分，共16分)21. people; are22. Chicago bulls (were) enjoying (themselves) at the celebration party for the fifth N BA championship23. One-third of the students (were) willing to write course papers but ten percent of the teachers (prefer) in-class examinations.24. a) She is one of these girls who (have) trouble running around.b) This is one of the many houses here which (were) destroyed in the earthquake.25. Her sister didn’t give her anything on her birthday but a small green Chinese sal ad spoon.26. The earlier you start, the sooner you’ll get it done.27. a) billiards, bronchitis, dominoes;b) deer, sheep, Vietnamese28. a) desk, fish, peopleb) butter, laughter, thunderⅢ. 填空(每小题1分，共20分)29. ever 30. any31. are always losing 32. is entitled to33. staying 34. most35. among 36. between37. except 38. that39. that(用which应看作错误) 40. which41. which 42. What43. How 44. be appointed45. repair 46. earlier47. for 48. about / around / roundⅣ. 改错(每小题1分，共8分)49. She’s got a parrot on her shoulder.50. Have you heard this new idea of the boss’s.51. He watched each gesture of hers as if she was a stranger.52. I saw that stupid boyfriend of Mary’s yesterday.53. John F. Kennedy was president of the United States in1961.54. A great deal of illness originates in the mind.55. All / The whole of Paris welcomed the general.56. I haven’t seen him all / the whole day.Ⅴ. 改写句子(每题2分，共26分)57. The passers-by stopped and put their hands into their trouser pockets.58. If it had not been for too many physicians, Alexandra the great wouldn’t have di ed.59. The line can’t have been engaged all the time. There could / may / m ight be a fault on it.60. It’s a good idea not to permit smoking in this area.61. when / if(you are) in doubt about deductions on our tax return, call the IRS coll ect.62. We carved their names on the stone so that / in order that future generations sho uld / might know what they had done.63. My boss is a very considerate person, which his predecessor was not at all.64. More importantly, the government should always be responsive to the public opin ions.65. Excessive exposure to violence on TV is more harmful to children than expected.66. It is / was at the party that Jack revealed Tom’s scandal.67. B: No, I don’t think so. He hates lawyers.68. B: You just had a big one.69. I learned to pack light early in life. I had to.Ⅵ. 名词解释(每小题2分，共4分)70. The predictive meaning of modal auxiliaries is concerned with the speaker’s assu mption or assessment of probability and in most cases indicates the speaker’s confidence (or lack of confidence) in the truth of this statement, e.g: It might be warmer there now. It must be John. .71. The basic principle of ellipsis is leaving out something understood and hence pro duces incomplete sentences with such a structure as to presuppose preceding item. Ellipsis,somehow like substitutions, sets up cohesion on the basis of structural recoverability with reference to the linguistic context. Here are three types of ellipsis:a) Nominal: Why give me two cups of coffee? I only asked for one.b) Verbal: A: have you seen him before?B: Yes, I have (seen him before).c) Clausal: A: Will it rain tomorrow?B: Perhaps (it will rain tomorrow).Ⅶ. 简答题(每小题2分，共6分)72. Simple present is used to refer to the past in situations such as (1) newspaper he adlines,(2)photographic captions,(3)stage directions, and (4) utterances with verbs of commu nication73. The non-finite verbs are so called because they are not marked for tense or for s ubject verb concord. (from )74. A sentence that starts with a subject of indefinite reference is not very common(e.g. a grocery is across the street.) so we may postpone the new information for end-foc us by starting the sentence with “there”.。