英国文学

答卷封面(COVER)评阅结果Final mark评阅人Examiner课程名称（Subject）：英国文学编号(No.)：14-15-1-018582A系别(Department): 英语系专业(Major)：英语姓名(Name)：李新蕊学号(Student‟s Number)：BC12111116注意事项（Notes）1.考生需按题签将上述有关项目填写清楚2.字迹要清楚，保持卷面清洁。

3.交卷时请将本答卷和题签一起上交，题签作为封面下一页装订。

1、Candidates should fill in the information appropriately.2、Keep the handwriting clear and the paper tidy.3、Candidate should hand in this cover and paper together; the answer sheet should be attached to the cover.机密（Confidential）编号（No.）：14-15-1-018582A试题（Test）课程名称（Subject）：英国文学考核类别（Type of test）：考查课程类别(Type of course) : 专业必修课考试形式(Test type) : 论文使用范围（Target group）：2012级英语专业1-12班Write a review about the novels of the critical realism Period or about the poems of Romantic Period. You should describe how thesenovels or poems have affected your life personally.Aims: Students will practice their integrated skills of reading, writing, searching and selecting information, organizing scattered materials and expressing opinions in English. This paper is also purposely planned for students to read English novels of Critical realism, poems of Romantic period and promote their abilities of reading and appreciating English novels and poems.Content: Students will be asked to read an English novel or a poem. Then they will be required to write a paper focusing on the analysis or description of the novel or poem. They can also concentrate on the expressions of their afterthoughts and comments after they read the novel or poem.Requirements:1. Students are required to choose one novel of English Critical realism or a poem ofRomantic period. They must show the knowledge they learned.2. The paper should have a complete organization, including a title, a clear andlogical argument, analysis and conclusion.3. Students are required to write at least 1500 words with abstract and key words.4. The format of the paper should be standard.A Study On To AutumnAbstract: This paper analyzes the figure of autumn, weight and ripeness and pastoral of the To Autumn. And it talks about the three stanzas that To Autumn has.Then explains some my own thoughts about To Autumn.Key words: To Autumn; John Keats; symbols.To Autumn is an immortal poem. I will try to write some of my feelings after reading To Autumn and analyze it. I believe this will not be an easy work.The poem To Autumn was composed by John Keats, a well-known romantic poet who was hailed as a genius by Shelly. His odes are among the mightiest achievements of English verse.Odes often address an inanimate object or abstract idea directly, but they do not always portray that object/idea as a person, as Keats does. We think that autumn is a woman, because the seasons were typically personified as beautiful women in European Art. The Italian painter Botticelli, for example, depicted spring as a pregnant woman. In this poem, the lady autumn teams up with the sun, basks in the breeze of a granary, and takes lazy naps in a field.Autumn is the season when things fatten up and come to fruition. It is a season of harvest and abundance, one with which we associate the overflowing cornucopia. Keats tries to illustrate the incredible thickness and richness of autumn in the language of the poem. He contrasts images of lightness and heaviness, of things falling and things flying.And a "pastoral" poem is inspired by shepherds, shepherdesses, and other forms of simple life in rural settings. Pastorals commonly feature natural scenery so rich and vivid that you could drown in it. Like the ode, pastoral artworks are a staple of Ancient Greece, so it's natural that Keats paired the two together. As autumn traipses through the landscape, we're treated to a full range of traditional images of the joys of the English countryside.In this Ode, from its beginning to the end, matter and manner are not only superbly blended, but every line carries its noble freight of beauty.In its inception, the poet seizes the essence of autumn---the fruitfulness. He leads readers to touring with him, from the azure sky to the vine-covered thatch-eaves, from the mossed cottage-trees to the fruitful field. The description of the ripe fruits is a highlight in this stanza, such as the red apples, the golden gourds, the brown hazel shells and the later flowers that attracting bees. A colorful early-autumn picture is vividly taken on before the readers.To the poet, the autumn is not simply the change of season, but has been given life. In the second stanza, the autumn is personified to be a British farmer on a granary floor, a reaper on the furrow, a gleaner by the brook, a peasant by the cider-press. The lively laborer is the incarnation of the intangible autumn, which can be touched and sensed by everyone.In traditional poems about autumn, the voices in autumn are always sad and bleak. However, Keats‟ To Autumn brims with happiness and harmony. In the third stanza, the poet tells Autumn not to wonder where the songs of spring have gone, but instead to listen to her own music. At twilight, the “small gnats” hum above theshallows of the river, lifted and dropped by the wind, and “full-g rown lambs” bleat from the hills, crickets sing, robins whistle from the garden, and swallows, gathering for their coming migration, sing from the skies. In this harmonious symphony, Keats accomplishes his eternal hymn to autumn and the Great Nature.If subject matter alone guaranteed acclaim then any poem about a beautiful autumnal day might win devotees. What elevates …To Autumn‟ beyond the ordinary is Keats‟s quite extraordinary deployment of poetic techniques. To Autumn is written in a three-stanza structure with a variable rhyme scheme. Each stanza is eleven lines long and each is metered in a relatively precise iambic pentameter. Assonance, alliteration, rhythm, rhyme, collocation and imagery are skillfully exploited and combined to create a poem of quite staggering technical attempt: a poem which, far from being straightforward, reveals a complex relationship between poet, subject and reader.The poem‟s famous opening line, “Season of mellow mists and fruitfulness” is often quoted as the example of Ke ats‟s masterful use of alliteration and assonance but these devices are employed throughout the poem. For example: line four, is saved by the almost hypnotic repetition of …th‟ phonemes, the further alliteration of round/run, the repetition of long vowels (vines, round, run) and the assonance of the /a/ sound in that/thatch. The enjambment of aloft/or emphasizes the first “or” and this emphasis is highlighted further by its repetition and the assonance of mourn/borne/or. All together add musical regularity to Keats‟s practice in prosody.Knowing that Keats wrote To Autumn shortly before his death, it is tempting to read the poem as a metaphor for his acceptance of the fate that will soon befall him. Certainly, the circumstances of Keats‟s life give the poem an added poignancy, but even without that knowledge there is sufficient evidence in the poem to suggest that it is more than mere description of a beautiful autumnal day: that it addresses both the …sweet‟ and the …sour‟ nature of a transitory season and b lurs the boundaries between them.To Autumn deals with the presence of nature and how autumn itself is more significant than any of the other seasons. The poem doesn't miss the opportunity to contrast autumn with its competitors, spring and summer. (Winter gets left out in the cold –thanks, folks, we'll be here all night). Summer is great, but it has to end sometime, a fact that the bees don't seem to realize. And spring has some kickin' songs, but autumn's playlist is just as good. What most called my attention was the infinite number of images you can imagine by reading it. It seems that john Keats describes what he imagine and while reading it, I can create the picture in my mind, of what he is seeing.To Autumn has three stanzas. Each of three stanzas shows us different time of a day and different time of autumn. I thought this poem exhibited two kinds of progression of time. First is the time of day. The first stanza is the morning with the "mists". The second is late afternoon, when the hot sun is beating down and makes everyone drowsy. The third is at sunset with the "barred clouds" piercing the sky with its "rosy hue".This poem also shows a progression in the season of autumn itself. The first stanza is early autumn because "summer has o'er brimmed. It shows the maturing ofsummer‟s bounty. The second is mid-autumn, because it's time for harvest. The third is late autumn because the birds are headed south for winter.In stanza 1, Keats describes autumn with a series of specific, concrete, and vivid images. The stanza begins with autumn at the peak of fulfillment and continues with an Initially autumn and the sun "load and bless" by ripening the fruit. But the apples become so numerous that their weight bends the trees; the gourds "swell," and the hazel nuts "plump." Personification in this stanza is not very clear.In stanza 2, autumn personified as a harvester, crosses a brook and watches a cider press. Otherwise autumn is listless and even falls asleep. The furrow is "half-reap'd," the winnowed hair refers to ripe grain still standing, and apple cider is still being pressed. However, the end of the cycle is near. The press is squeezing out "the last oozings." Find other words that indicate slowing down. Notice that Keats describes a reaper who is not harvesting and who is not turning the press. Personification here is very successful. It gives autumn a personality and the autumn is no longer abstract.In stanza 3, spring in line one has same function as summer in stanza 1. They represent process, and the change of time. Spring is a time of a rebirth of life. Autumn means death for the now "full-grown" lambs which were born in spring; they are ravaged in autumn. And the answer to the question of line 1, where are Spring's songs, is that they are past or dead. The auditory details that follow are autumn's songs.Addition, Keats‟ use of rhythm and sound in this poem contributes to its emotional impact. Particula rly in the first stanza, the use of …s‟, …f‟ and …m‟ sounds gives the lines a rich, sensuous feel, helping us experience the ripe fullness of the fruit. The sound of words like …core‟, …gourd‟ and …plump‟ also seems to match their meaning here. The poem is written in iambic pentametre; in other words, the basic rhythm is …da-dum- da-dum- da-dum- da-dum- da-dum‟. The way individual lines depart from this rhythm is another way Keats uses sound to achieve his intended effect. The most striking departure occurs in the third stanza, in the line: …While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day‟. …Barred clouds bloom‟ – the rhythm of these three emphatic words together almost suggests three big, lumpy clouds blooming in the sky. …Soft-dying day‟ also departs from what ought to be a …da-dum –da-dum‟ rhythm; the jarring effect that results reinforces the jarring sadness that comes from the words‟ suggestion of death.I know that Keats wrote …To Autumn‟ shortly before his death, but to me this poem is more about the approaching death of Keats and the autumn prior to the ravages and harshness of winter. It is a romantic poem, of opportunities missed and pleasant gains. It contrasts with the misery of day to day life, with a progressive illness in the early 19th century, which only opium can offer some respite. Keats was clearly in a bad way, although facing his death, and the very intensity, passion and clarity of the poem reflects this.。