大学跨文化交际Unit_1_introduction

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5. The Culture Understood by Chinese
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The Culture by Chinese
a. writer or speaker shows her learning by quoting famous people from the past. b. a treasure of great works and cultural achievements
4）朋友的意义、时间观念、 、对“个人”的看法、对竞争和合作的偏爱、
肢体语言、对逻辑和信度的概念、控制情感的模式
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2. The Cultural Software
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Operating System
1)The basic operating system that makes us human. 2) Humans around the world are physically the same, universal. 3) Physical selves are the hardware. 4) Home culture programs us and proves us the software. 5) An infant is a potential human at birth and become a real human with culture. 6)The computer stops working as a result of its incompatibility with someone else’s software.
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Subjective Culture
(1) notions of modesty, conception of beauty, ideal of childrearing, relationships to animals
(2) patterns of superior/subordinate relations, definition of sin, courtship practices, conception of justice, incentives to work, notions of leadership, tempo of work, group decision-making
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Objective Culture
(1) fine arts, literature, drama, classical music, popular music, folk dancing, games, cooking, dress (2) eye behavior, contextual conversation patterns, social interaction rate, facial expressions
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Choose and read at least one recommended textbook

1. 《跨文化交际英语教程 》主编/许力生，上海外语 教育,2004 2. 《Communication Between Cultures 》， Larry A. Samovar，外研社，2002年7月。 3.《跨文化交际学概论》，胡文仲，外语教学与研究出 版社，1999年11月 4.《跨文化交际学》，贾玉新，上海外语教育出版社 5. 《跨文化交际研究:与英美人交往指南》，林大津， 福建人民出版社，2008.
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The Culture in our Own Story
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The Culture in our Own Story
Chinese Dragons powerful; brave; all-conquering
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The Culture in our Own Story
Western Dragon Ferocious; frightening; terrible
1.The Cultural Iceberg
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Culture Like an Iceberg
a. Objective culture: history, literature, and customs.(visible, observable, small part) b. Subjective culture: feelings and attitudes about things. (invisible, large part )
Intercultural Communication
Presentation 2
Understanding Cultures Cultural Metaphors 文化的比喻
Culture is a Bridge.
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Plan
1. Time schedule:36 periods in one term 4 periods(2周） for each unit 2. Evaluation will be based on Attendance, participation and homework(20%) case study Midterm-exam(30%) paper Final-exam(50%)
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What is culture?
Three Ingredients: artifacts人造物品 concepts (beliefs, values, world views…) behavior e.g. Whereas the money is considered an artifact, then value placed on it is a concept, the actual spending and saving of the money is behavior.
The Nature of Culture
Think about the following similes and
metaphors, how do you think culture is related to the references? 1. Culture is like an iceberg. 2. Culture is our software. 3. Culture is like the water a fish swims in. 4. Culture is the grammar of our behavior.
(4) nature of friendship, ordering of time, concept of “self”, preference for competition or cooperation, body language, notions about logic and validity, patterns of handling emotions
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Cultural Iceberg
1）美术、文学、戏剧、古典音乐、流行隐喻、民间舞蹈、饮食、服饰 2）目光、语境谈话方式、社交频率、面部表情
1）谦虚观念、美的概念、子女抚养标准、与动物的关系 2）上下级关系模式、罪恶的定义、求爱方式、工作的积极性、友谊的性质、
对领导的看法、工作节奏、集体决策
3）整洁的概念、对依赖的态度、疾病理论、解决问题方法、地位变化看法、 因年龄（性别、阶级、职业、亲属关系等）社会地位的称谓
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而在baby boom之后，接踵而至的是baby bust（生育
低谷），在baby bust这段时期出生的孩子被称为 Generation X（被遗忘的一代，或X一代，20世纪60年 代到70年代初出生的美国人）。这代人成长的过程，恰 逢美国社会风气偏向于个人价值的体现和个人幸福的实 现，因此他们身上有着不同程度的不负责任、冷漠和物 质主义等特点。 Generation Y（Y一代）是在Generation X之后出生的 美国人，他们出生于20世纪七八十年代，伴随着计算机 以及互联网的成长而成长。有人认为Y一代有着更开放 的文化价值观，和新的消费方式和行为方式，而也有些 人认为他们更加以自我为中心，缺乏同情心和责任感。
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Case Studies
Showing Concern First Offer
Same language, different behavior
Showing concern
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A baby boomer is a person who was born during the demographic Post-World War II baby boom between the years 1946 and 1959
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பைடு நூலகம்
4.The Culture in our Own Story
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The Culture in our Own Story
5) Culture is the story we tell ourselves about ourselves. a. Every cultural group has a story for understanding who they are and what the world is like. b.The story is told in their folklore arts, in politics and in intimate conversation. c. What is significant is that people tell the story to show themselves and others who they are.
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3.The Cultural Fish
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Culture Like the Water a Fish Swims in
a. The fish notices everything except the water he is swimming in. b. The fish takes the water for granted. c. We take everything around us for granted.
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Course expectations/tasks
1. preview the text:looking up the new
words and expressions before class; prepare what the teacher has asked you to do 2. take an active part in class discussions and performances.
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Subjective Culture
(3) conception of cleanliness, attitudes towards dependents, theory of disease, approaches to problem-solving, conception of status mobility, status designations based on age, sex, class, occupation, kinship, etc.
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Fish Swimming in Water
The same is true for us. Our culture is so much a part of who we are and what the world is like for us that we do not notice it. We take it for granted.
在二战之前出生的美国人较为传统，被称为
Silent Generation（沉静的一代）。二战后的 美国百废待兴，很多男性从战场返乡，结婚生 子，创造了美国史无前例的baby boom（婴儿 潮），而在此期间出生的孩子则被称为baby boomer（婴儿潮世代）。人们将战后新生活 的希望寄托在baby boomers身上，因此他们 从小就受到良好的教育，长大之后在美国诸多 领域挑大梁。而目前baby boomers大都面临 退休，使社会养老负担加重。