2020年高考英语考前45天大冲刺卷一[含答案]

2020年高考英语考前45天大冲刺卷一注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力本次训练无听力第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AUNIQUE AND WEIRD NEW YEAR EVE TRADITIONSGermanyIn some parts of Germany, they do bleigiessen, or lead(铅) pouring. Pour a dollop(团) of molten lead in cold water and whatever shape forms may be telling about the year to come.A heart shape, naturally, means love will come your way. A crown predicts wealth and fortune.A star in dicates happiness. But if you see a cross in the lead? You’re as good as dead! Latin AmericaIf you’re in Latin America, make sure you have some colorful underpants to ring in the new year. End—of—the—year partiers put on colorful underwear to ensure certain types of outcomes for the following year. Red for love and yellow for success.Naples, ItalyNeapolitans like throwing things out of windows, at least on New Year’s Eve. Furniture, kitchen machines, grandma. Well, maybe not the last one. Let’s hope not, anyway. This tradition is meant to symbolize an out—with—the—old gesture and getting a brand new beginning for the new year. These days people are a bit more mindful about what they toss down to the street below.SpainIn 1909, winegrowers in the Alicante region of Spain had a brilliant idea: start and promote an annual tradition that would involve people having to buy and eat more grapes. One must eat 12 grapes on New Year’s Eve to encourage prosperity for the coming year. Now, it’s a popular custom in Ib eria. But the problem is that one has to eat a grape for each bell strike at midnight.21. What does a cross shape mean?A. Love.B. Wealth.C. Happiness.D. Misfortune.22. What’s new about Neapolitans’ tradition?A. They hate using furniture.B. They throw their grandma out of windows.C. They are more careful about what to throw.D. They like making gestures in front of the window.23. Which country has the tradition of eating grapes?A. Germany.B. Brazil.C. Italy.D. Spain.BRemember Vitainwater’s “free of rolling screen for a year” challenge that dared people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100,000? Well, Elana Mugdan, a New York woman, has been into it for eight months, and just four months away from claiming grand prize.Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge. Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones, but in the end, the only person who got to try and survive for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan, a 29-year-old fiction writer from Queens, New York. Eight months into the challenge, she claims it has been a free and eye-opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone. Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone, she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends, because she really doesn’t want to go back to days when she abused it, wasted time, stayed up all hours of the night on it, and was obsessed with social media.But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before. “Many people did me a favor. However, once, I almost got stranded(滞留) in the SeaTac airport because the phone number I’d written down was wrong, and I had no way of referring to the right one, no way of calling a cab, andno one in the state who could help me,” the young writer said.Another time, her car’s “check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night. She couldn’t use her phone’s GPS location feature, or even check what the light meant on Google or find a nearby car repair shop. Still, she learned to overcome these situations. And now she claims the last eight months of phone-free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she’ll keep it for another four months.24. What’s the challenge “free of rolling screen for a year”?A. People free from smart phones can live a richer life.B. People living a telephone-free life can be awarded every year.C. People living without computers for a year will win grand prize.D. People spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.25. Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in paragraph 2?A. satisfied withB. accustomed toC. addicted toD. popular with26. What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in paragraph 3?A. It’s fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.B. It’s unimagina ble to lose her phone number on the way.C. It’s unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.D. It’s difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.27. What can we learn about Elana Mudgan?A. She couldn’t live without a smart phone.B. She finds no one can help her in the adventure.C. She has not won the grand $ 100,000 prize yet.D. She used to use her smart phone to write fiction.CIf you’re one of the millions of those who use escalators each year, you are probably deeply familiar with the vertical grooves(竖凹槽) that cover each stair. Few of us have stopped to consider why they exist, though. In fact, it’s one of the everyday things we take for granted.But it is a little complicating when you think about it.Sure, the deep, gr ey lines make an escalator’s metal stairs more appealing to the eye. But regular stairs don’t have grooves like these; why do escalators need them? Is it because of the movement?It turns out those grooves serve a more functional purpose. And, yes, it does have to do with the movement, as well as with general cleanliness! Anyone who has ridden an escalator knows that the steps everlastingly circulate from the top to the bottom. You’ve surely noticed the ridged yellow lip at the top of the escalator. But her e’s what you may not have noticed: As an escalator’s steps flatten, this ridge—also called the comb plate—sweeps away any trash or litter that might have fallen on the stairs. Those grooves lock the step and comb plate together, which makes it harder for any dangerous materials to slide underneath the lip. This prevents foreign objects from getting stuck in that gap, potentially causing the escalator to stop, or worse, break down completely.That’s not the only reason why the grooves were created, though. T hey are also a good place for water to pool together, protecting you from a bad fall on the slick surface.So the next time you step on an escalator, take a moment to appreciate those metal grooves. They exist to make sure you get to your office meeting on time.28. What are the first two paragraphs trying to say?A. Millions of people use escalators every year.B. Few people think much about the grooves.C. Escalators are complicated machines.D. Grooves make the stairs look better.29. The ridge is mainly designed to____A. clean off dangerous objects.B. keep the stairs in movement.C. flatten the steps.D. lock the steps.30. What does the underlined word “slick” mean in Paragraph 4?A. Smooth.B. Sticky.C. Steep.D. Slippery.31. What’s the passage mai nly about?A. The importance of escalators.B. The reasons for grooves on stairs.C. The look of grooves in escalators.D. The safe ways of riding escalators.DFriendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone. Many different animals also make friends.Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool. Other factors, like family closeness or sex, have no impact on this relationship.“It suggests that dolphins form social bonds(纽带) based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily. “Using different tools is time-consuming(耗时间的)” for dolphins to cooperate.Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships. Are friendships only limited to the same species?Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat Timur was originally left in the tiger Amur’s enclosure(围场) as a meal. But instead of eating Timur, Amur likes to play with it and gets jealous when others are close to his friend.The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive(圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory(领地) or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage(参与) socially and playfully may be higher than eating.”More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships.Take bats for example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group.Humans aren’t so different. “We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time,” Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. “But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long-term relationships ... despite our often highly dynamic(动态的) social lives.”32. What did the recent British research find about dolphins?A. They form friendships based on family closeness.B. They are likely to make friends based on interests.C. They are better at building friendships than other animals.D. They form a group to hunt food together.33. What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 6?A. To show how different species get along with each other.B. To prove captive animals are friendlier than others.C. To explain why captive animals can form friendships.D. To compare the difference between a tiger and a goat’s friendship.34. What can we infer from Gerald Kerth’s words?A. Animals like to hang out with different friends.B. Animals might feel bored with friends of the same species.C. Humans are better at keeping long-term bonds than animals.D. Humans and animals make and maintain friendships in similar ways.35. What’s the text mainly about?A. How to build strong ties with your friends.B. How animals form and keep friendship.C. The importance of friendship for animals.D. The different ways humans and animals socialize.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。