2017年11月笔译实务真题及答案
2017年下半年11月全国翻译专业考试二级笔译实务真题(含官方参考译文-CATTI考试)
2017年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译实务》试卷备注：该参考译文来源于官方指定的新世界出版社出版发行的《英语笔译实务真题解析2级》，仅供参考。
Section 1: English-Chinese translation(英译汉)(50points)Passage 1Y ou’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research s hows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence on parents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” obje ct. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. Y ou can track them in real time but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels help you “feel less alone”.Passage 2Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every member in the world. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can be fatal.For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently.Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.Section 2: Chinese-English translation(汉译英)(50points)Passage 1。
(完整版)2017年11月笔译实务真题及答案
2017年下半年英语三级笔译实务试题It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.区区电子邮件里的一个单词，导致一家跨国公司遭受巨大经济损失。
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.这封电子邮件是由一位英语母语人士用英语所写，而邮件接收人则是一位以英语为第二语言的同事。
该同事收到邮件后，发现该单词在字典里有两个截然相反的意思，他拿捏不准，并最终选择了那个错误的意思。
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,”says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable.“Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”数月过去，该跨国公司的高管开始调查这个项目失败并损失几十万美元的原因。
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water - and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking - especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems - rivers, lakes and watersheds - have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over- exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there"s no tomorrow - and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz- phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.参照译文：本周，世界水论坛在墨西哥城开幕，论坛将一直持续到下周。
2017下半年catti英语三级《笔译实务》科目真题
2017下半年catti英语三级《笔译实务》科目真题Nothing seek, nothing find.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017下半年catti英语三级《笔译实务》科目真题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生网!Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Stroll through the farmers’ market and you will hear a plethora of languages and see a rainbow offaces. Drive down Canyon Road and stop for halal meat or Filipino pork belly at adjacent markets. Along the highway, browse the aisles of a giant Asian supermarket stocking fresh napa cabbageand mizuna or fresh kimchi. Head toward downtown and you’ll see loncheras — taco trucks —on street corners and hear Spanish bandamusic. On the city’s northern edge, you can sampl eIndian chaat.Welcome to Beaverton, a Portland suburb that is home to Oregon’s fastest growing immigrantpopulation. Once a rural community, Beaverton, population 87,000, is now the sixth largestcity in Oregon — with immigration rates higher than those of Portland, Oregon’s largest city.Best known as the world headquarters for athletic shoe company Nike, Beaverton has changed dramatically over the past 40 years. Settled by immigrants from northern Europe in the 19thcentury, today it is a place where 80 languages from Albanian to Urdu are spoken in the public schools and about 30 percent of students speak a language besides English, according to English as a Second Language program director Wei Wei Lou.Beaverton’s wave of new residents began arriving in the 1960s, with Koreans and Tejanos (Texans of Mexican origin), who were the first permanent Latinos. In 1960, Beaverton’spopulation of Latinos and Asians was less than 0.3 percent. By 2000, Beaverton had proportionately more Asian and Hispanic residents than the Portland metro area. Today, Asians comprise 10 percent and Hispanics 11 percent of Beaverton’s population.Mayor Denny Doyle says that many in Beaverton view the immigrants who are rapidly reshaping Beaverton as a source of enrichment. “Citizens here especially in the arts and culture community think it’s fantastic that we have all these different possibilities here,” he says.Gloria Vargas, 50, a Salvadoran immigrant, owns a popular small restaurant, Gloria’s SecretCafé, in downtown Beaverton. “I love Beaverton,” she says. “I feel like I belong here.” Hermother moved her to Los Angeles as a teenager in 1973, and she moved Oregon in 1979. Shelanded a coveted vendor spot in the Beaverton Farmers Market in 1999. Now in addition to running her restaurant, she has one of the most popular stalls there, selling up to 200Salvadoran tamales — wrapped in banana leaves rather than corn husks —each Saturday. “Once they buy my food, they always come back for more,” she says.中国是一个发展中国家。
CATTI翻译资格考试笔译试题附答案
CATTI翻译资格考试笔译试题附答案2017年CATTI翻译资格考试笔译试题附答案有创见的书籍传播在黑暗的时代里，有如太阳照耀在荒凉的沙漠上，为的是化黑暗为光明。
这些书是人类精神史上划时代的作品，人们是凭着它们的原则，向种种新的发现迈进。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理2017年CATTI翻译资格考试笔译试题附答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Ireland is a sovereign state in western Europe, occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, whose metropolitan area is home to around a quarter of the country’s 4.6 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an elected president serving as head of state. The head of government is nominated by the lower house of parliament.Following the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. Initially a dominion, Ireland received official British recognition of full legislative independence in the Statute of Westminster of 1931. A new constitution was adopted in 1937, by which the name of the state became “Ireland.” In 1949, Ireland was declared a republic under the Republic of Ireland act 1948.Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita. In 1973, Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth, coupled with a dramatic rise in inequality. The country achievedconsiderable prosperity from 1995 to 2007. This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash.In 2011 and 2013 Ireland was ranked as the seventh-most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index.[14] It also performs well in several metrics of national performance, including freedom of the press, economic freedom and civil liberties. It pursues a policy of neutrality through non-alignment.The population of Ireland stood at 4,588,252 in 2011, an increase of 8.2% since 2006. As of 2011, Ireland had the highest birth rate in the European Union (16 births per 1,000 of population. In 2012, 35.1% of births were to unmarried women. Annual population growth rates exceeded 2% during the 2002-2006 period, which was attributed to high rates of natural increase and immigration. This rate declined somewhat during the subsequent 2006-2011 period, with an average growth rate of 1.6%.Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of gender equality. In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe, and second most charitable in the world. Contraception was controlled in Ireland until 1979; however, the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularized society. In 1983, the Eighth Amendment recognized “the right to life of the unborn”, subject to qualifications concerning the “equal right to life” of the mother. The passage of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, guaranteeing the right to have an abortion performed abroad, and the right to learn about “services” that are illegal in Ireland but legal abroad. The prohibition on divorce in the 1937 Constitution was repealed in1995 under the Fifteenth Amendment. Divorce rates in Ireland are very low compared to European Union averages while the marriage rate in Ireland is slightly above the European Union average.Capital punishment is constitutionally banned in Ireland, while discrimination based on age, gender, sexual orientation, marital or familial status, religion, race or membership of the travelling community is illegal.Ireland became the first country in the world to introduce an environmental levy for plastic shopping bags in 2002 and a public smoking ban in 2004. Recycling in Ireland is carried out extensively and Ireland has the second highest rate of packaging recycling in the European Union.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.冲突对抗，是构建中美新型大国关系的必要前提。
英语翻译三级笔译实务真题2017年11月及答案解析
(1/1)SectionⅠEnglish Chinese Translation
Translate the following two passages into Chinese .
第1题
It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.
Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, “That’s interesting” a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, “That’s rubbish.” But other nationalities would take the word “interesting” on face value, he says.
“The native English speaker… is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,” she adds.
With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, it’s Anglophones who may need to up their game.
2017年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题
2017年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、汉译英(总题数：1，分数：50.00)汉译英气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生存与发展问题。
中国需要改变以煤为主的能源结构和高污染、高能耗的产业结构，以治理环境和应对全球气候变化。
同时，积极应对气候变化也是中国参与全球治理的责任，也是实现可持续发展的迫切需要。
中国作为世界最大的发展中国家，需要积极推动经济与能源的转型，以推动全球可持续发展。
长期以来，中国高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为国家经济社会发展的重大战略，把绿色低碳发展作为生态文明建设的重要内容，采取了一系列行动，为应对全球气候变化作出了重要贡献。
2009年向国际社会宣布：到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%－45%，非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到15%左右，森林面积比2005年增加4000万公顷，森林蓄积量比2005年增加13亿立方米。
中国还将继续主动适应气候变化，在农业、林业、水资源等重点领域和城市、沿海、生态脆弱地区形成有效抵御气候变化风险的机制和能力，逐步完善预测预警和防灾减灾体系。
（分数：50.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(To address climate change, more than an environmental protection issue, but one of subsistence and development of mankind, it is imperative for China to change its carbon-oriented energy mix and the industrial structure featuring heavy pollution and high energy consumption, in an attempt to govern the environment and address global climate change. Meanwhile, it’s both an international duty for China to take a positive approach in combating climate change and an urgent need to render sustainable development a reality. As the largest developing around the globe, China is impelled to spur the transformation of economy and energy, thereby promoting global sustainable development.China attaches great importance to addressing climate change since long, making it a significant national strategy for its social and economic development and promoting green and low-carbon development as important component of the ecological civilization process. It has already taken a series of climate actions which represent a significant contribution to combating the global climate change.In 2009, China announced internationally that by 2020 it will lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40% to 45% from the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to about 15% and increase the forested area by 40 million hectares and the forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 levels.China will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas and to progressively strengthen early warning and emergency response systems and disaster prevention and reduction mechanisms.)解析：二、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：50.00)英译汉It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,” says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. “Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world’s glo bal language. They feel they don’t have to spend time learning another language,” says Chong.The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.“The native English speaker is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,” she adds.With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, it’s Anglophones who may need to up their game.“Native speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,” where English is being used as a common denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK’s University of Southampton. “It’s the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.”Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, “That’s interesting” a fellow Brit might recog nise this as understatement for, “That’s rubbish.” But other nationalities would take the word “interesting” on face value, he says.“English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.”In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.“Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not ‘losing face’ — and nod approvingly while not getting the mess age at all,” he says.That’s why Nerriere devised Globish —a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. “It’s not a language, it’s a tool,” he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he’s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.“If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don’t have errors in communication,” Nerriere says.When trying to communicate in English with a group of p eople with varying levels of fluency, it’s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.“People who’ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,” she says.In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.（分数：50.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(邮件里的一个小小单词，却导致一家跨国公司蒙受了巨额经济损失。
2017下半年初级笔译考试练习题（含答案）
一、焊接的实质焊接是一种先进而高生产率的金属加工工艺，具有节约材料、工时和焊接性能好及使用寿命长等优点。
焊接不仅可以使金属材料形成永久性连接，也可以使某些非金属材料达到永久性连接的目的，如玻璃焊接、塑料焊接等，但生产中主要是用于金属的焊接。
二、焊接作业存在的不安全因素在焊接作业中，存在污染和不安全的因素，会产生弧光辐射、有害粉尘、有毒气体、高频电磁场、射线和噪声等污染；操作人员需要与各种易燃易爆气体、压力容器及电器设备等相接触；还有高处焊接作业及水下焊接等，会引起火灾、爆炸、触电、烫伤、急性中毒和高处坠落等事故；造成操作人员尘肺、慢性中毒、血液疾病、眼疾和皮肤病等职业病，严重地危害着焊接作业人员的安全与健康，还会造成国家财产的重大损失。
三、焊接场地的安全检查1．焊接场地检查的必要性由于焊接场地不符合安全要求造成火灾、爆炸、触电等事故时有发生，破坏性和危害性很大。
要防患于未然，必须对焊接场地进行检查。
2．焊接场地检查的内容检查焊接与切割作业场地的设备、工具、材料是否排列整齐。
检查焊接场地是否保持必要的通道。
检查所有气焊胶管、焊接电缆线是否互相缠线。
气瓶用后是否已移出工作场地。
检查焊工作业面积是否足够，工作场地要有良好的自然采光或局部照明。
检查焊割场地周围10m范围内，各类可燃易燃物品是否清除干净。
对焊接切割场地检查要做到：仔细观察环境，针对各类情况，认真加强防护。
四、电焊机使用常识及安全要点(l)交流电焊机是一个结构特殊的降压变压器，空载电压为60~80V，工作电压为30V；功率20~30kw，二次线电流为50~450A；电源电压380V和220V。
(2)直流电焊机是用一台三相电动机带动一台结构特殊的直流发电机；硅整流式直流电焊机是利用硅整流元件将交流电变为直流电；焊机二次线空载电压为50~80V，工作电压为30V，焊接电流为45~320A；焊机功率为12~30kw，电源电压380V和220V。
(3)交、直流电焊机应空载合闸启动，直流发电机式电焊机应按规定的方向旋转，带有风机的要注意风机旋转方向是否正确。
CATTI 2017笔译综合实务考题和参考译文word文本
英译中It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.区区电子邮件里的一个单词，导致一家跨国公司遭受巨大经济损失。
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.这封电子邮件是由一位英语母语人士用英语所写，而邮件接收人则是一位以英语为第二语言的同事。
该同事收到邮件后，发现该单词在字典里有两个截然相反的意思，他拿捏不准，并最终选择了那个错误的意思。
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,”says Chia Suan Chong, aUK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable.“Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”数月过去，该跨国公司的高管开始调查这个项目失败并损失几十万美元的原因。
20XX年11月翻译资格英语二级笔译真题及译文-口译笔译考试.doc
2017年11月翻译资格英语二级笔译真题及译文-口译笔译考试“2017年11月翻译资格英语二级笔译真题及译文”，希望能给考生提供帮助。
2017年11月CATTI英语二级笔译真题及参考译文EC Passage 1You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.你有过这种经历吗?手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找;手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。
一整天过去了，一旦发现手机没电，简直觉得自己也要没电了。
最新研究揭示了极端“手机依赖症”背后的心理动因：根据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters. It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000 to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）Topic 1 （选题一）Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing （ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.Topic 2 （选题二）As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national policies that take into account local circumstances.Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic schooling.In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in primary schools.Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned,implemented and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（ 20 points ）进入新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。
2017年下半年11月全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语二级笔译综合能力真题(官方原版CATTI)
2017年11月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题Section1: Vocabulary and Grammar (60points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part , there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B ,C and D respectively. Choose the word which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. In significant parts of Eurasia, the middle centuries of the first millennium a significant transition in human cultural history.A. defineB. markC. identifyD. specify2. It can sometimes feel like the world is very noisy—from planes arching loudly through the sky to the buzz of your cellphone.A. unavailingB. unassumingC. unconvincingD. unceasing3. A study commissioned by the Australian government found that women are partially blamed for the they experience, while the same behavior is considered a “tire of passage” for men.A. abandonmentB. absurdityC. accidentD. aggression4. The aim of this book is to foster good social work practice with the elderly and their families, and the first chapter sets out to clarify our understanding of the elderly in relation to their families.A. vigilantB. vehementC. venomousD. vulnerable5. The new creation has grown out of an attempt to two different tendencies, one in psychology and the other in physics, although at first sight they might seem inconsistent.A. complicateB. interchangeC. substituteD. harmonize6. The stories concerned ordinary people doing ordinary things with just a bit of inner ,and featured an omniscient narrator who provided the precise details of almost everything.A. unrestB. uneaseC. unbeliefD. uncertainty7. Nowadays we can see numerous foreign films and TV programs in and many other imported products dominating our markets.A. bringingB. settlingC. pouringD. growing8. Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia are most at risk from bat viruses humans and causing new diseases that could lead to deadly outbreaks.A. vaultingB. bouncingC. attackingD. hurdling9. Poland is somewhat a new destination for Chinese tourists, and Warsaw, the capital city, is an important business center with night life and elegant dining.A. sophisticatedB. sluggishC. sloppyD. solitary10. In the 1990s,a Chinese ，using yak and mule trains, spotted these Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys, living quietly among the trees, cut off from the world by peaks 22,000 feet high.A. excursionB. explorationC. expeditionD. experiment11. Instead of publishing in Science or Nature, the journals in which major new human fossil finds are typically announced, the authors unveiled their discovery in an open-online journal Elife.。
2017年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题含答案
2017年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it’s always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moment’s notice. When new models come out, you feel bad about saying goodbye to your electronic pal. And when your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory perspective, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with the major figures responsible for our well-being, namely parents or other caregivers, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as what the attachment theorist D.W. Winnicott calls “transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there. When children can’t be with their parents, they can still be with their teddy bear. These stuffed animals also serve as a transition between dependence and independence when young children begin to develop a separate sense of self. We extend our dependence on caregivers to these animals, and use them to help us move to greater autonomy and an independent sense of self.A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, well-functioning adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day; young adults (ages18 to 24) report 5.2 hours on an average day. People also like to be near their phones:A 2013 survey reports that 79 percent of users keep their phones with them for all but two of their waking hours. Nearly as many people report being distressed when they’re se parated from their phone.参考译文:你有过这种经历吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找；手机从不离身，总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。
11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷
11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷Section 1：英译汉（50 分）This month, the United Nations Development Program made water and sanitation the centerpiece of its flagship publication, the Human Development Report.Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed? In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made tolocal water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency's report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency's proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That's especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of differentapproaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.Section 2：汉译英（50 分）即使遇到丰收年景，对中国来说，要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案
CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案2017年CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案有些书可供一尝，有些书可以吞下，有不多的几部书则应当咀嚼消化;这就是说，有些书只要读读他们的`一部分就够了，有些书可以全读，但是不必过于细心地读;还有不多的几部书则应当全读，勤读，而且用心地读。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理2017年CATTI英语三级《笔译实务》真题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions.The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plan ts.For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通往两广、江浙的重要门户。
2017年初级翻译考试笔译训练题及答案
2017年初级翻译考试笔译训练题及答案 试题⼀： 祖国和平统⼀，乃千秋功业。
台湾终必回归祖国，早⽇解决对各⽅有利。
台湾同胞可安居乐业，两岸各族⼈民可解⾻⾁分离之痛，在台诸前辈及⼤陆去台⼈员亦可各得其所，且有利于亚太地区局势稳定和世界和平。
当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纭。
岁⽉不居，来⽇苦短，夜长梦多，时不我与。
试为贵党计，如能依时顺势，负起历史责任，毅然和谈，达成国家统⼀，则两党长期共存，互相监督，共图振兴中华之⼤业。
【参考译⽂】 The peaceful reunification of our motherland is a great cause in the interest of future generations. As Taiwan is destined to return to the motherland, the early resolution of the issue is beneficial to both sides of the Taiwan Straits. The Taiwan compatriots will live and work in peace and contentment. People on both sides will no longer suffer from being separated from their own flesh and blood. The older generation in Taiwan and those from the mainland will have proper roles to play. All this will contribute to the stability of the Asia-Pacific region and world peace.As the international situation is changing unpredictably, opinions vary among both the authorities and the general public in Taiwan. The resolution of the issue cannot be allowed to be postponed as time presses and a long delay might lead to unfavorable results. To your own benefit, you should follow the trend of our times and assume historical responsibility to participate in the negotiations for the peaceful reunification of our motherland. Thus, the two parties will be able to make concerted efforts to achieve China’s rejuvenation through long-term co-existence and mutual supervision. 试题⼆： The biggest problem of the third industrial revolution is as easy to explain as it is difficult to solve. Technology is creating a global economy that is rapidly supplanting our old national economies. National governments cannot control this new economy, yet no one, least of all Americans, wants to create the form of global government that might be able to control it. As a result we were going to be living in a fundamentally unmanaged economic system. The difficulties of containing the 1997 Asian economic meltdown are just the first of many such difficulties we can expect. National governments, which used to worry about managing and maintaining their economic systems, are slowly being pushed out of business. Changes in global finance overwhelm all but the largest governments. Governments have lost much of their influence over the movement of information and capital. They cannot control who crosses their borders either physically or culturally. Conversely, the power of global businesses is growing with companies' ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects. 【参考译⽂】 要理解第三次⼯业⾰命中出现的最严峻的问题并⾮难事，可是要解决它却⼗分困难。
2017年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题
2017年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务试题EC 英译汉/capital/story/20161028-native-english-spea kers-are-the-worlds-worst-communicatorsIt was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,” says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn‟t reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. “Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”When such misunderstandings happen, it‟s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at deliveringtheir message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world‟s global language. They feel they don‟t have to spend time learning another language,” says Chong.The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.“The native English speaker… is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,” she adds.With non-native English speakers in th e majority worldwide, it‟s Anglophones who may need to up their game.“Native speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,” where English is being used as a common denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK‟s University of Southampton. “It‟s the native Englishspeakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.”Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there‟s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, “That‟s interesting” a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, “That‟s rubbish.” But other nationalities would take the word “interesting” on face value, he says.“English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.”In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.“To o many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not …losing face‟ — and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,” he says.That‟s why Nerriere devised Globish — a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. “It‟s not a language, it‟s a tool,” he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he‟s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.“If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language yo u save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don‟t have errors in communication,” Nerriere says.When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it‟s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.“People who‟ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,” she says.In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.C-E 汉译英气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生存与发展问题。
[英语考试]年11月英语二级笔译实务考试试题
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[英语考试]年11月英语二级笔译实务考试试题第一篇：题目：保护环境，从每个人做起保护环境是当今世界面临的重要任务，而每个人都应该为此贡献自己的一份力量。
环境问题涉及到我们的健康、社会经济和生态系统的可持续发展。
保护环境应当成为我们每个人的责任。
首先，我们应该加强对环境保护的意识。
只有当我们意识到环境污染对我们自身和后代的生活造成的巨大威胁时，我们才能真正行动起来。
每个人都应该了解到，环境问题不仅存在于遥远的地方，也常常发生在我们的身边。
例如，空气污染、水污染和土地退化等问题都严重影响着我们的健康和生活质量。
只有提高环境意识，我们才能积极参与环保活动，并以身作则，为他人树立榜样。
其次，我们应该改变生活方式，减少对环境的负面影响。
我们可以从自身小事做起，比如节约用水、减少废物和垃圾的产生，使用可再生能源等。
在购物时，我们应该选择那些环保产品，减少塑料袋的使用。
同时，我们也可以鼓励家人、朋友和同事加入环保行动，共同努力保护环境。
此外，政府和企业也应发挥重要作用，制定和实施环保政策和措施。
政府应该加强监管，加大对环境犯罪的打击力度，提高环境污染的罚款额度，加强环境教育，推动可持续发展。
企业应该积极履行社会责任，改善生产方式，采用环保的技术和工艺，减少污染物的排放。
总之，保护环境是我们每个人共同的责任。
只有每个人都积极参与，才能真正实现环境的可持续发展。
保护环境是为了我们自己、为了下一代，也为了我们共同的家园地球。
第二篇：题目：培养健康的生活习惯健康是人生最宝贵的财富，而培养健康的生活习惯是实现健康的关键。
健康的生活习惯包括健康饮食、适量运动、良好的睡眠、保持心理健康等方面。
只有养成这些良好的生活习惯，我们才能更好地享受生活。
首先，饮食健康是保持健康的重要一环。
我们应该尽量避免食用高糖、高盐和高脂肪的食物，多食用新鲜蔬菜水果、全谷类食物和低脂肪的食物。
合理均衡的饮食有助于提供身体所需的营养，并维持体内器官的正常功能。
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2017年下半年英语三级笔译实务试题It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.区区电子邮件里的一个单词，导致一家跨国公司遭受巨大经济损失。
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.这封电子邮件是由一位英语母语人士用英语所写，而邮件接收人则是一位以英语为第二语言的同事。
该同事收到邮件后，发现该单词在字典里有两个截然相反的意思，他拿捏不准，并最终选择了那个错误的意思。
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,”says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable.“Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”数月过去，该跨国公司的高管开始调查这个项目失败并损失几十万美元的原因。
谢宣童（Chia Suan Chong）是一名交流技能和跨文化培训师，供职于一家总部设在英国的机构，她说：“所有的调查线索最终指向这个单词”。
谢宣童没有透露具体这个单词，因为该单词是某行业专用词汇，透露该单词可能暴露这家跨国公司的身份。
她还说：“由于双方的理解截然相反，事件不断升级，最终失控。
”When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.出现此类误解，责任在于英语母语人士。
谢宣童认为，耐人寻味的是，英语母语人士在传递信息方面比以英语为第二语言或第三语言的人士要糟糕。
A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world’s global language. They feel they don’t have to spend time learning another language,”says Chong.谢宣童说：“众多英语母语人士对于英语成为世界通用语感到窃喜，因为他们觉得这省去了学习其他语言的麻烦。
”The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.谢宣童说，事实上，非英语母语人士，特别是会讲第二语言或者第三语言的人士，在传递信息时更加谨慎、目的性更强，而英语母语人士在讲话时通常语速过快导致别人听不懂，并且他们话语中还夹杂着笑话、俚语及自己文化特有的事物。
“The native English speaker…is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,”she adds.谢宣童补充说：“唯有……英语母语人士认为没必要体谅对方或为对方着想。
”With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, it’s Anglophones who may need to up their game.由于世界上非英语母语人士居多，所以英语母语人士该停止那套旧做法。
“Native speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,”where English is being used as a common denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK’s University of Southampton. “It’s the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.”詹尼弗·詹金斯（JenniferJenkins）是英国南安普敦大学的全球英语教授，她说：“母语各不相同的人士在一起采用英语为通用语进行沟通时，英语母语人士处于不利的境地，这是因为英语母语人士在理解其他人讲的英语方面存在障碍，而其他人在理解英语母语人士的英语方面也同样存在障碍。
”Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, “That’sinteresting”a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, “That’s rubbish.”But other nationalities would take the word “interesting”on face value, he says.非英语母语人士在讲英语时，通常使用数量有限的词汇和简单的表达方式，不花哨，也不夹带俚语。
此外，还有文化因素，布拉特纳（Blattner）说。
一个英国人在评论一项提议时说“That’s interesting”（“蛮有趣”），此时，另一个英国人会把这句话把理解为“太垃圾”的含蓄说法，而其他国家的人则只会取“interesting”（有趣）的字面意思进行理解。
“English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.”“不会讲其他语言的英语母语人士在讲英语时，通常缺乏国际意识。
”In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.科尔特（Coulter）在柏林看见一家世界500强公司的德国员工通过视频连线听取加州总部的情况通报。
德国员工虽然英语不错，但只留心美国项目领导讲话的要旨。
对于该情况通报，德国员工内部达成一致意见，而这个意见与加州项目领导的意思可能相同或者可能相左。
“Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not ‘losing face’—and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,”he says.科尔特说：“太多非英语母语人士，特别是亚裔人士和法国人，他们由于太怕‘丢面子’而只会点头赞同，实际上却一点都没听懂。
”That’s why Nerriere devised Globish—a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. “It’s not a language, it’s a tool,”he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he’s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.有鉴于此，奈易耶（Nerriere）发明了全球化英语（Globish），这是一种简洁英语，将英语词汇限制在1500字左右，并采用简单、标准的语法。