牛津版：2020 年中考英语话题复习阅读训练 世界与环境(含答案)

话题世界与环境知识拓展与能力延伸第一节语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空。

The Bermuda Triangle is in the Atlantic Ocean, near Florida in the United States. During the past 30 years, some 1, 000 seamen and pilots have __2__________ ( lose) their lives there. It is __3__________ ( know)as “The Triangle of Death” for its mysterious calms, waterspouts (龙卷风)and sudden storms. What's strangest is the light, __4__________ so bright that it has been seen by US astronauts from outer space.At 2 p.m. on December 5, 1945, five military planes took __5__________ in perfect flying weather from an airport in Florida on a training task. Two hours later, the leader in the sky found __6__________ that he was "completely lost. Then there was silence. Another plane o __7__________ (send)to search for them and it, too, disappeared. The Navy also failed __8__________ (find) the planes.One of __9__________ ( large) ships that disappeared in the triangle was an American coal ship, 500 feet long. The weather was good, and there were no messages for help before it was "gone". There was no wreckage (残骸), no sign of the 309 men aboard after it disappeared. __10__________ is said that many “ghost” ships have been found floating there without any people on the them.答案：the, lost, known, so, off, that, was sent, to find, the largest, It第二节短文填空请用适当的词完成下面短文。

每个空只能填一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。

Save the world’ s treesWorld Earth Day was created in 1970 to ask more people to __1__________ our environment. On April 22, people around the world celebrate Earth Day.The theme of Earth Day this year is "Trees for the Earth, so Earth Day this year will be all about __2__________ trees. They are __3__________ to plant 7. 8 billion trees within the next five years。

That's a big goal, and you might 4 wonder why trees are so important. They can __5__________ in carbon dioxide(CO2) and protect the air quality. CO2 is a chemical in our atmosphere, but humans make too __6__________ of it. Each person makes about 2. 3 tons a year, which is __7__________ for the environment.Planting new trees is important because people __8__________ down a huge number of trees. So we need to plant more to make up for(弥补) the ones we __9__________. One tree can take in 21. 8 kilograms of CO, per year. And it's still one of the cheapest and __10__________ ways to get rid of CO2.答案：protect, planting, planning/going, wonder, take, much, bad, cut, lost, best/nicest/ easiest巩固练习一、语法选择People often think of the North Pole and the South pole as similar frozen(冰冻的)wastelands. They are __1__ places with very cold temperatures and __2__ people live there. However, the north is not so similar to the South Pole as people may imagine.The north Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32 ºF, at which water turns into ice.Most of the time, it __3__ below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as __4__ as --30°F. __5__ conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries __6__ the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole __7__ March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.There are few things more dangerous than __8__ the Arctic(北极圈)on foot. People __9__ stayed there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, __10__ even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such __11__ difficult place.People might think __12__ with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. __13__, this is not true in the arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice __14__often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can __15__ to death in a few minutes.1. A. either B. neither C. both D. all2. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little3. A. stay B. stays C. is stayed D. stayed4. A. low B. lower C. lowest D. lowly5. A. Until B. After C. When D. Although6. A. reach B. to reach C. reached D. reaching7. A. in B. at C. of D. on8. A. crossed B. crossing C. cross D. to crossing9. A. which B. whose C. whom D. who10. A. so B. but C. and D. or11. A. a B. an C. the D. /12. A. what B. that C. how D. why13. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever14. A. must B. should C. may D. has to15. A. freeze B. froze C. be freezing D. be frozen答案：1-5 CABAD 6-10 BDBDC 11-15 ABCCD二、完形填空The Earth is our home. We must take good care of it. Life today is easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought some new __1__. One of the biggest problem is pollution. We can see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has polluted the __2__. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so __3__ because there were not so many people. When the __4__ was used up or the river was not clean in a place,man went to another place. However, man is __5__ polluting the whole world nowadays. Air pollution is still the most serious pollution. It's bad for living things in the world.Many countries don’t let people __6__ anything bad in the houses and factories in the city. Pollution brought by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of __7__ pollution. It's mainly caused by heavy traffic. People say riding bikes is the __8__ way to protect the environment in terms of means of transportation. Riding causes no pollution. But even in developed countries, most people don' t go to work by bike. It's not because bikes are expensive or people would become tired if they ride to work. It's because the number of cars on the roads becomes larger. More and more people __9__ their bikes and go to work by car and then things get worse and worse. There should be special roads only for bikes, making it so difficult and expensive for drivers to drive their cars in the city that they will go back to __10__ their bikes.1. A. matter B. questions C. troubles D. problems2. A. Moon B. star C. Earth D. Sun3. A. small B. clear C. serious D. easy4. A. land B. tree C. food D. fruit5. A. sadly B. proudly C. slowly D. easily6. A. burn B. create C. cook D. fire7. A. water B. white C. air D. noise8. A. least B. best C. most D. worst9. A. put on B. put off C. put away D. put up10. A. use B. buy C. sell D. repair答案： 1-5 DCCAC 6-10 ACBCA三、阅读理解Unable to stand, and suffering from a number of serious diseases in his advanced age. the world’s last male northern white rhino(犀牛)was euthanized by a rescue team in Kenya on 19th March, 2018. Only two of the northern white rhinos remain on Earth ---- his daughter, Najin, and granddaughter, Fatu.“We are all saddened by Sudan’s death. He was an amazing rhino, and will be remembered for the work he did to raise attention of the sad situation facing not only rhinos, but also the many thousands of other endangered animals, ” Ol Pejeta Conservancy chief executive said.Sudan was born in 1972 in what is now South Sudan when there were still about 1, 000 northern white rhinos living in the wild. But their home was then destroyed by human. As The Washington Post’s Kevin wrote in a report of Sudan in 2015: “When wars broke out, the rhinos were largely killed for their meat or their horns(角), or sometimes exchanged for money or guns.”Rhino horn being highly prized is another reason for the killing of this kind of animal. The horn is considered to have medicinal qualities and is sold at very high prices. Even a recent drop in the price of rhino horn did not come soon enough to save the northern white rhino from near-certain disappearing in the world.But Sudan was saved from the horrible situation by people from a zoo in the Czech Republic when he was 3 years old. After the death of Suni in 2014. the second-to-last male, Sudan became the only male northern white rhino in the world. He spent the last years of his life under 24-hour protection. His horn had been cut off just in order to stop people from killing him for it, though it had begun to grow back. But the effort to save the northern white rhino seems to have come too late for a real turnaround.Su dan’s a cruel symbol of human not caring about nature and it saddened everyone who knew him. Hopefully it will call on human beings to save the endangered animals in the world.1. What does the underlined word “euthanized” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. KilledB. HurtC. SavedD. Found2. What will Sudan be remembered for?A. His big family.B. His unusual long life.C. His work to encourage animal protection.D. His courage of fighting against serious illnesses.3. In what order did the following events take place?a. Sudan died in Kenya.b. Sudan was rescued by people.c. Sudan was reported by The Washington Post.d. Sudan became the last male northern white rhino.e. Sudan lived with about 1. 000 northern white rhinos in the wild.A. e, b, d, c, aB. b. a, c, d, eC. b, c, a, e, dD. e, b, c, d, a4. What made the northern white rhino almost disappear in the world?A. People didn’t cut off their hoB. Human beings destroyed their homesC. The price of rhino horn dropped rapidly.D. There was no female northern white rhino left on Earth.5. What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce the northern white rhino.B. To do a research on the northern white rhino.C. To raise people's attention to save the endangered animals.D. To find out the reasons why the northern white rhino was dying out.答案：ACABC四、阅读填空Climate change could make food less healthAs levels of carbon dioxide --- CO2--- in the atmosphere have been rising in recent years, the Earth has been warming. __1__________ That warming is one sign of climate change. And it has the possibility to influence food in many ways. Rising temperatures and the changes in rainfall that it will bring should make an effect on how much and where crops grow. Facts now show that rising levels of CO2 also can influence how healthy a crop will be. Some of those facts were reported last year in Annual Review of Public Health. Indeed, it showed that several studies have come to this conclusion.__2__________He was part of a team that has studied the possible effects of climate change on foods health. In one 2014 study, his group looked at six major food crops: wheat, rice, field peas, soybeans, corn and sorghum (高粱). They provided plants with different amounts of CO2. Some got levels of between 363 and 386 parts per million( ppm). __3__________Such levels are expected to develop within the next 50 years or so.After harvesting the plants the researchers measured their levels of vitamins minerals and other healthy chemicals. And plants grown with more CO, were less healthy. For example, wheat and rice had lower protein levels. They also had less zinc(锌)and iron, as did the peas and soybeans. Some two billion people worldwide already don’t get enough of these healthy chemicals. __4__________If crop levels of such healthy chemicals fall, people may face an even greater risk of falling ill.people who replace sugars for protein face a greater risk of high blood pressure and heart disease, U.S. studies have shown.Scientists don 't yet know why CO2 influences levels of these healthy chemicals. But the new findings suggest scientists may want to try growing new types of crops that are less influenced by CO2. __5__________A. Other plants were given more of that greenhouse gas as they grew - 546 to 586 ppm.B. Samuel Myers is an environmental health scientist at Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass.C. In that way people will still get the most benefits from their greens and grains.D. That's because as a greenhouse gas, CO2 keeps in heat in Earth's atmosphere.E. Most people depend on cereal crops, such as wheat and rice, to meet their needs for both zinc and iron.答案： DBAEC。