(2020年编辑)高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

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最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)

最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)

最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间的一致性,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词的形式。

在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个非常重要的原则,它确保了句子结构正确和表达清晰。

主谓一致可以分为语法一致和意义一致两种原则。

二、主谓一致的种类1. 语法一致(1)当主语由两个或两个以上的单数名词或者代词组成时,谓语动词的形式取决于指代的是否为不同的人或事物。

如果是不同的人或事物,谓语动词用复数形式;如果指代的是同一个人或事物或者同一概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

(2)当主语是不定式、动词ing形式或主语从句时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

(3)在定语从句中,关系代词who、which、that作主语时,要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。

(4)使用连接词with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but等连接的主语,谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。

(5)主语为不定代词all、more、some、any、none时,谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。

(6)主语为the rest of、half of、part of、majority of、percent of、one third of等加名词时,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。

(7)集合名词作主语时,动词可用单数或复数,主要由句子的意思决定。

强调整体时,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时,动词用复数。

常见的集合名词有public、family、class、crowd、population、team、group等。

(8)某些名词如people、police、cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。

但people指“民族”时是例外。

2. 意义一致原则指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。

有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数;有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。

主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致-讲解++练习(全)

主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1、语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

Tom is a good student。

汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2、意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。

My family are having lunch now。

我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book。

这本书20美元太贵了。

3、就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is a pen and some books on the desk。

课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词(代词)/不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式;复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。

The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground。

这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2、“a great/ good many+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

但“many a+名词”作主语,意义虽为“许多",但谓语要用单数形式.Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案

主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案

.主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。

英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。

1。

语法一致原则语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn't like swimming。

汤姆不喜欢游泳.Jane and Mary look alike。

简和玛丽看起来很像.2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。

有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now。

足球队员们在吃早饭.The news was exciting。

这条消息令人振奋。

3。

就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。

当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。

or…,neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this。

你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。

Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。

主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题,1.主语为集体名词(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。

如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致精析及强化训练一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

特殊词解析:1. majoritythe majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。

The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。

但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。

如:The majority are young people.2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,如:The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。

The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.minority作主语时谓语用单数还是复数minority表示“少数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式(具体用法与majority大致同相)。

2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(包含答案)

2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(包含答案)

2020英语中考复习专题-----主谓一致讲解一、主谓一致的含义“主谓一致”指的是句子的主语谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致关系,也就是说,谓语的单复数取决于主语的形式和内容。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:① My brother and I have both seen that film.① Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例:① The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.① Law and order has been established.① One more knife and fork is needed.①Bread and butter is our daily food.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

例句:① Each doctor and(each)nurse was given a new shirt.① No sound and no voice is heard.① Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.2. 动名词,不定式,主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义:主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。

●功能:确保句子语法正确,意义清晰。

●主谓关系:主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系,这种关系决定了谓语的形式。

二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。

⏹不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“either...or...”结构中,根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。

1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。

⏹集合名词作为主语时,需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。

1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。

⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时,需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。

1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时,需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。

⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时,谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。

三、实践与练习
●练习题:提供一些练习题,帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。

●答案解析:对练习题进行详细的答案解析,帮助学生理解自己的错误,并给出正确的用法建议。

四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结,强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性,并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义:在英语句子中,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

分类:语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。

Ⅱ. 语法一致原则:谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语;a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语:This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语,谓语动词用复数:You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数:a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + 单数名词(人)+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数。

2020年高考必考点专题08主谓一致(高效演练)(英语 解析版)

2020年高考必考点专题08主谓一致(高效演练)(英语 解析版)

一.单句语法填空1. The number of people invited ______ (be)fifty, but a number of them _______ (be)absent for different reasons.【答案】was; were【解析】考查主谓一致。

第一个空前的“The number of people invited 被邀请的人数”做主语,谓语动词用单数;第二空前的“a number of them他们中的很多人”做主语,谓语动词用复数。

又根据句意“被邀请的人数是50,但是其中很多人都因为不同原因而缺席”可知这两个空都用一般过去时,故填was;were。

2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (play)an important part in daily communication.【答案】is playing【解析】考查主谓一致。

as well as 连接两个名词做主语,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致,故填is playing。

句意:电子邮件和电话一样,在日常交流中扮演着重要的角色.3. Two fifths of the land in that district ______(be) covered with trees and grass.【答案】 is【解析】考查主谓一致。

本句的主语是“Two fifths of the land ”,是分数+名词结构,其后面的谓语动词有名词形式保持一致,故填is。

句意:那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草所覆盖。

4. Ten minutes ______ (seem)a long time for one who waits.【答案】seems【解析】考查主谓一致。

表示时间复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。

故填seems。

5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ (have)a driving license.【答案】has【解析】考查主谓一致。

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

语法讲解:主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

考点1:对语法一致原则的考查语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.主语是单数名词时,谓语动词大凡用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:His father is working on the farm.Two students are waiting for you in your office.The children were in the classroom two hours ago.考点2:对语法附加原则的考查主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,aswell as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。

如:Mr. Green,together with his wife and children,has come to China.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.Jack as well as his friends is ready to help you.She,like you and Tom,is very tall.考点3:对整体原则的考查主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离等量度的词作主语时,视为整体看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。

例如:To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is very important for us all.Five dollars is enough.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

2020高考英语一轮复习语法第29讲:主谓一致

2020高考英语一轮复习语法第29讲:主谓一致

主谓一致在英语表达中,句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,我们称之为“主谓一致”。

要做到主谓一致,除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化外,还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。

在这一章中,以主语的变化为主导,引出谓语的可归纳性变化。

主要从并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致和单一主语情况下对谓语的要求,以及其他一些特殊情况下的主谓一致三部分讲解。

典型例句:1.Either he or I am wrong.不是他错了,就是我错了。

2.The singer and dancer comes from Shanghai.那位歌舞演员来自上海。

3.A number of students like playing football.许多学生喜欢踢足球。

一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and连接主语时由and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或者代词作主语时,要根据并列主语所表达的意义或概念来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,可以分为下列几种情况。

A.并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时,谓语动词用复数形式。

Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.李明和张华是好学生。

Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there is search of gold.像许多其他人一样,这个小流浪汉和这个顽皮的小男孩儿也赶到那儿去寻找金子。

Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.这个地区种植大米和小麦。

(切记:both...and...结构作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

)B.并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。

The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。

高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解与练习

高中英语主谓一致(一)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如 family,team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:Hisfamilyisahappyone.ThewholefamilyarewatchingTV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。

2)某些集体名词,如people,police,cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。

如:Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.4)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。

如:Threeyearshaspassedsincethen.5)不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:Eachboyandeachgirlwantstogotothecinema.6)如果主语有morethanone很多非常⋯或manya许多,,构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.Manyagirlhasbeenthere.7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。

但如果主语用“akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.8)thiskindofmen的谓语动词用单数,menofthiskind的谓语动词用复数,all kindsof后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。

2020年高考必考点专题08主谓一致(高效演练)(英语 解析版) (1)

2020年高考必考点专题08主谓一致(高效演练)(英语 解析版) (1)

一.单句语法填空1. The number of people invited ______ (be)fifty, but a number of them _______ (be)absent for different reasons.【答案】was; were【解析】考查主谓一致。

第一个空前的“The number of people invited 被邀请的人数”做主语,谓语动词用单数;第二空前的“a number of them他们中的很多人”做主语,谓语动词用复数。

又根据句意“被邀请的人数是50,但是其中很多人都因为不同原因而缺席”可知这两个空都用一般过去时,故填was;were。

2. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (play)an important part in daily communication.【答案】is playing【解析】考查主谓一致。

as well as 连接两个名词做主语,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致,故填is playing。

句意:电子邮件和电话一样,在日常交流中扮演着重要的角色.3. Two fifths of the land in that district ______(be) covered with trees and grass.【答案】 is【解析】考查主谓一致。

本句的主语是“Two fifths of the land ”,是分数+名词结构,其后面的谓语动词有名词形式保持一致,故填is。

句意:那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草所覆盖。

4. Ten minutes ______ (seem)a long time for one who waits.【答案】seems【解析】考查主谓一致。

表示时间复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。

故填seems。

5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ (have)a driving license.【答案】has【解析】考查主谓一致。

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解一、谓语动词与主语保持一致的原则(一)语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,二者在语法形式上要一致。

例如:1.My brother is a college student. 我的弟弟是大学生。

2.My brothers are government officials. 我的弟弟们是政府官员。

(二)意义上的一致3.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词要用复数。

例如:The paper is made from the wood. 纸张是木材制成的。

(这里的paper 指的不是一张纸,而是纸张的总称)4.主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词要用单数。

例如:The news in the newspaper was true. 报纸上的消息是真的。

(这里的news 意为“消息”,而不是“消息”的复数)二、就近原则也即谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。

例如:1.Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!(= The bus is coming!)2.either you or she is to go. 不是你就是她走。

(注意she前面的逗号)三、惯用法上的主谓一致1.在there be句型中,动词be的形式与其后的名词保持一致。

例如:There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。

2. 有些词如“half of”,“most of ”,“none of ”,“the rest of ”,“a lot of ”,“plenty of ”等后接名词时,谓语动词的形式依这些词所表示的数的概念而定。

例如:Half of the students are from the south. 学生们中有一半是南方人。

(若接复数概念,则用复数形式)。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习一、讲解部分主谓一致是高中英语语法中的一个重要概念,它指的是在英语句子中,主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。

具体来说,就是主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也要用复数形式。

同时,谓语动词的人称要根据主语的性别和数量进行变化。

主谓一致的规则主要包括以下三个原则:1.语法一致原则:主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。

2.意义一致原则:主语和谓语动词在意义上保持一致。

3.邻近一致原则:如果一个句子中有两个主语,谓语动词与距离它最近的主语保持一致。

在实际应用中,需要根据具体的语境和上下文来判断主谓一致的用法。

例如,在一般现在时中,如果主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it),谓语动词要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式(they/we/you),谓语动词要用复数形式。

二、练习部分1.用正确的形式填空:(1) He(play) basketball every Sunday.(2) She(write) letters to her friends every week.(3) We(go) to the movies on Fridays.(4) They(not play) in the park now.(5) I ___(not write) to my parents this week.答案:(1) plays (2) writes (3) go (4) aren't playing (5) haven't written1.翻译句子:(1) 他们喜欢游泳和打篮球。

答案:They like swimming and playing basketball.。

高中英语语法主谓一致讲解及练习题

高中英语语法主谓一致讲解及练习题

高中英语语法主谓一致讲解及练习题(最新版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。

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高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题

高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题

高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题高一语法---主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。

一.谓语动词用单数的情况1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语,谓语用单数。

如:Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.To understand the situation completely requires more thought.2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。

Two weeks was too long. Ten yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。

3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念,谓语用单数:law and order 法制soap and water 肥皂水a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 针线trial and error 反复尝试,不断摸索horse and carriage 马车time and tide 岁月bread and butter 奶油面包the ebb and flow 盛衰,潮涨潮落Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man4. 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。

例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。

There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。

5. 两个用and连接的单数可数名词作主语,且第二个名词前无冠词,表示“一体”或“一双”,谓语动词用单数。

2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(含答案)必考知识点

2020年英语中考复习专题-主谓一致讲解和练习(含答案)必考知识点

2020英语中考复习专题-----主谓一致讲解一、主谓一致的含义“主谓一致”指的是句子的主语谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致关系,也就是说,谓语的单复数取决于主语的形式和内容。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:① My brother and I have both seen that film.① Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例:① The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.① Law and order has been established.① One more knife and fork is needed.①Bread and butter is our daily food.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

例句:① Each doctor and(each)nurse was given a new shirt.① No sound and no voice is heard.① Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.2. 动名词,不定式,主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

2020年高考英语之高频考点解密二 名词和主谓一致

2020年高考英语之高频考点解密二 名词和主谓一致

解密02名词和主谓一致考点详解【命题解读】名词和主谓一致是历年高考的重要考点,常常出现在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错题型中。

名词部分主要考查:①名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配②名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)③名词的所有格④抽象名词的具体化⑤名词和冠词的搭配高考关于主谓一致的考查主要集中在一下三个方面:①语法一致②意义一致③就近原则【命题预测】语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点,主要集中在给出词根进行此类转化,根据习惯用法或固定短语确定名词,名词的复数形式,所有格形式的变化。

主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。

【名师指导】1. 整体把握,注意语境从近年高考试题看,高考语法填空对名词的考查离不开具体的语境,在语境中考查名词的相关知识。

做题时,既要全面、整体地看题干,还要注意分析句子成分,并根据提示词来确定名词的相关考点。

通常,涉及名词考点的试题包括:(1)根据语境判断名词的单复数;(2)提示词是形容词、动词等此类,根据句子成分和词缀知识加上相应的后缀变成名词;(3)名词的固定搭配;(4)名词的所有格及名词的其他相关知识2. 确定考点,注意搭配语法填空对名词的考查涉及名词各方面的知识,解题时要注意首先根据提示信息确定考点,试题是考查名词的词类转换,还是考查复数名词、名词的所有格,还是考查主谓一致、名词的固定搭配等,确定了考点之后,再结合其他相关知识来做出正确解答。

3. 多记单词,积累词缀高考对名词的考查注重基础,我们在平时的复习中要打好基础,掌握足够的考纲词汇,并熟知其常见搭配和用法,并注意熟练掌握常用的名词词缀知识。

4. 巧用就近原则当主语是由or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接的并列成分时以及在there be 句型中,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。

一、名词的种类专有名词普通名词国名地名人名,团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词二、名词的数1. 可数名词的复数(1)规则变化情况方法例词一般情况加-s students,teachers,doc tors,tables以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es glasses,dishes,boxes,watches但stomach复数形式直接加s,即stomachs以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加-es families,babies,armies,bodies 以元音字母+y结尾加-s boys,toys,pianos,photos以f或fe结尾大都变f或fe为v,再加-es thieves,wives,knives,shelves,lives考向1 名词的数【名师点睛】①以-o结尾的下列名词要加-es,它们是"黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿",即Negroes,heroes,echoes,potatoes,tomatoes。

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高中英语主谓一致一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

3.就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。

如:Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.(二)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:His family is a happy one.The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。

2)某些集体名词,如people, police, cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。

如:The police are searching for the thief.3)单、复数同形的名词主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。

如:A sheep is over there.Some sheep are over there.4)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。

如:Three years has passed since then.5)不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema.6)如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。

如:More than one student has read the book.Many a girl has been there.但是,“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。

如:More members than one are against your plan.7)一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。

但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a s eries of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:A pair of shoes was on the desk.8)this kind of book =a book of this kind(这种书),其谓语动词用单数;短语this kind of men =men of this kind =these kind of men(口语)(这一类人),但this kind of men的谓语动词用单数,men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语动词用复数,all kinds of后跟复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:This kind of men is dangerous.Men of this kind are dangerous.10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致原则,作用单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。

这类名词有:means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese,Japanese等。

如:The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于1980年。

)The(These)glass works are near the railway station. (这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。

)当它们前面有a, such a , this, that修饰时,谓语用单数;有all, such, these, those修饰时,谓语用复数,但means, no means, 11)如果名词词组中心词是all,most, half, rest等词语,所指的复数意义,谓语动词用复数形式;反之,用单数。

如:All of my classmates like music.All of the water is gone.12)在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.2.由连接词连接的名词作主语1)用and或both…and连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。

如:Plastics and rubber never rot.Walking and riding are good exercises.2)当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单、复数由引导词前面的主语而定。

如:The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.3)以or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。

如:Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room.Either you or he is to go.3.代词作主语1)关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

如:Those who want to go please put up your hands.Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.2)疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。

如:Who lives next door ? It is Xiao Liu.Who live next door ? It is Zhang and Liu.What produce(s) heat ?3)ther, neither单独作主语时,谓语通常用单数。

但后接of时,若of的宾语为不可数名词,动词当然用单数形式,若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时,动词可以是单数,也可以是复数,在正式文体中,单数形式的动词更常用。

如:Do(es) any of you know his address ?None of them has(have)seen the film.4.分数、量词作主语1)“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of +名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致,这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词,而短语中前面的量词是修饰语,例如:Lots of damage was caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earth’s surface is covered with water. Three-fifths of the workers here are women.和这种情况类似的还有“a number of+名词复数”谓语用复数译为大量,许多,the number of中心词是number,谓语用单数,译为…的数量A number of students have gone home.The number of pages in this book is two hundred. 注意:(large)quantities of……不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数,例如:Quantities of food(nuts) were on the table.短语in quantity, in large quantities意为“大量”;in small quantities意为“少量”。

2)a great deal of , a large amount of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数;large amounts of修饰不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,例如:A large amount of(A great deal of)damage was done in a very short time.Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.3)表示数量的one and a half后,名词要用复数形式,但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,例如:One and a half bananas is left on the table.5.名词化的形容词作主语如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed等;The blind study in special schools.The poor live in a undeveleped country6.从句作主语1)由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,但所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词一般用复数形式,例如:What we need is more time.What we need are doctors.1.Three ______ died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter.A. hundreds peopleB. hundred peopleC. hundreds peoplesD. hundred peoples2. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.A. is handing outB. are to hand outC. are handing outD. is to hand out3. I, who ______ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.A. amB. isC. areD. be4. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 ______ in Beijing of China, which ______ known to us all.A. is to hold; isB. is to be held; wasC. are to hold; isD. are to be held; is5. There _____ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _____ up.A. were; itB. are; themC. was; itD. is; them6. Three million tons of coal ______ every year in the city.A. is exploitedB. are exploitedC. had exploitedD. have exploited7. Stories of the Long March _______ popular with the young people now.A. isB. wasC. areD. were8. Mathematics _______ the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be9. Both rice and wheat _____ grown in our country.A. isB. areC. wasD. were10. ________ either of your parents come to see you recently?A. HaveB. HadC. HasD. Is11. What the children in the mountain village need ________ good books.A. isB. areC. haveD. has12. The whole family _______ TV attentively.A. are watchingB. is watchingC. is seeingD. are seeing13. Nothing but several glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. would be14. At the bus stop ______ a soldier and two youngpeople on their way to the village.A. wereB. wasC. isD. sits15. If law and order ______, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.A. are not preservedB. is not preservedC. were preservedD. have not been preserved16. There ______ little change in that middle school.A. haveB. hadC. have beenD. has been17. What such a sunset is ______ strange to us all.A. going to beB. /C. isD. that18. Seventy-five percent of the earth’s surface ______ with water.A. is coveredB. is coveringC. were coveredD. are covered19. The following ______ some other mental diseases.A. beingB. areC. wasD. were20. Not only you but also I ______ able to help him out.A. areB. isC. amD. were21. “ The Kites” ______ us a story of the kite’s history.A. have toldB. tellsC. were toldD. was told22. You and I _____ twin sisters.A. wereB. areC. isD. am23. A teacher of English and class teacher _______ us something about volunteer workers.A. are tellingB. is tellingC. are givenD. were given24. Thousands of tons of rubbish ________ over a large period of time.A. rots awayB. rot awayC. has rotted awayD. are rotted away25. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.A. is cleaningB. are cleaningC. were cleaningD. have cleaned26. Many a student ______ something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have knownB. knowsC. is knownD. are known27. The defence works ______ built long ago to keep the enemy away.A. wereB. has beenC. had beenD. was28. “ Have you all studied the passage‘Using the Mind against Disease’?”“______ .”A. Nobody of us hasB. Nobody of us haveC. None of us hasD. None of us did29. A group of Italian soldiers ______ quickly towards their position.A. were advancingB. were advancedC. was advancingD. advancing30. Everyone, men and women, old and young ______ sports and games.A. is enjoyB. were enjoyingC. enjoysD. enjoy1.解析:选B. hundred一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s2. 解析:选D. 当either …or 连接两个并列主语时,句子的谓语动词在人称和数上和后一个主语保持一致。

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