机电专业英语翻译
(完整版)机电专业英语
一．单词翻译(英译汉，汉译英共20分）compound pulley 组合滑轮screw 螺丝worm gear 涡轮clearance fit 间隙配合transition fit 过渡配合interference fit 过盈配合ground teeth 精密齿gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝brass 黄铜bronze 青铜cast iron 铸铁carbon 碳钢alloy steel 合金钢hardened steel 硬化钢stainless steel 不锈钢plastic materials 塑料材料gear teeth 齿轮straight-toothed 直齿轮rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦lubrication 润滑lubricant 润滑剂full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑proton 质子neutron 中子parallel circuit 并联电路series circuit 串联电路electron 电子inductor 电感capacitor 电容conductor 导体semiconductor 半导体metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片dopant 掺杂剂mask 掩膜doping 掺杂photoresist 感光胶etch 蚀刻法dielectric 非传导性（电介质）rung 梯级branch 分支instructions 指令power rails 母线quantity 数量parameter 参数ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人self reconfigurable robots 自变形（重装）机器人Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换Z-transform Z变换valve 阀pump 泵motor 发动机cavitation 气穴hydraulic 液压的equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器，变频器reservoir 油箱pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷器和安全卸压阀check valve 止回阀accumulator 蓄电池valve manifold 阀箱electronic control card 电子控制插件cylinder 汽缸hydraulic motor 液压发动机return line filter 回油阀derivative 导数displacement 位移velocity 速度acceleration 加速度peak amplitude 振幅峰值digital signal processing 数字信号处理二、汉译英（20分）1.滑轮相比机器的缺点是使用刚性物体来传递力，滑动和伸展拉紧。
机电专业英语翻译(中英文一行一行对照翻译)
专业英语(论文)英译汉课题名称机电专业英语学生姓名学号10411044系、年级专业10级机电一班指导教师2013年12月12日Design of StructuralMechanisms结构机制设计Melinda MayA dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophyin the Department of Engineering Science at the University of OxfordSt Hugh’s College牛津大学圣休斯学院工程科学系哲学博士学位论文Trinity Term 20032003年夏季学期Design of Structural Mechanisms结构机制设计Abstract摘要A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophyin the Department of Engineering Science at the University of OxfordSt Hugh’s College牛津大学圣休斯学院工程科学系哲学博士学位论文Trinity Term 20032003年夏季学期In this dissertation, we explore the possibilities of systematically constructing largestructural mechanisms using existing spatial overconstrained linkages with onlyrevolute joints as basic elements.在这篇论文中，我们探讨利用只以旋转接头为基本元素的现存受空间限制过约束机构来系统地构建大型结构机制的可能性。
The first part of the dissertation is devoted to structural mechanisms (networks) basedon the Bennett linkage, a well-known spatial 4R linkage.该论文的第一部分专注于以贝内特机构为基础的结构机制（网络），一个众所周知的空间4R机构。
机械专业术语英文翻译
机械专业英语词汇陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheelAssembly line 组装线Layout 布置图Conveyer 流水线物料板Rivet table 拉钉机Rivet gun 拉钉枪Screw driver 起子Pneumatic screw driver 气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA 开箱检查fit together 组装在一起fasten 锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet 栈板barcode 条码barcode scanner 条码扫描器fuse together 熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME 制造工程师MT 制造生技cosmetic inspect 外观检查inner parts inspect 内部检查thumb screw 大头螺丝lbs. inch 镑、英寸EMI gasket 导电条front plate 前板rear plate 后板chassis 基座bezel panel 面板power button 电源按键reset button 重置键Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑胶件SOP 制造作业程序material check list 物料检查表work cell 工作间trolley 台车sub-line 支线left fork 叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |plein|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |\\'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |\\' ksi\\'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疵splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ；normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer 表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use 车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条rack齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load刀具cutter导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion 等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle锻造forge对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force黑箱black box横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design 机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械手manipulator机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS 计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism 减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线involute渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可靠度degree of reliability可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair空间运动链spatial kinematic chain空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon力封闭型凸轮机构force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism 力矩moment力平衡equilibrium力偶couple力偶矩moment of couple连杆connecting rod, coupler连杆机构linkage连杆曲线coupler-curve连心线line of centers链chain链传动装置chain gearing链轮sprocket sprocket-wheel sprocket gear chain wheel联组V 带tight-up V belt联轴器coupling shaft coupling两维凸轮two-dimensional cam临界转速critical speed六杆机构six-bar linkage龙门刨床double Haas planer轮坯blank轮系gear train螺杆screw螺距thread pitch螺母screw nut螺旋锥齿轮helical bevel gear螺钉screws螺栓bolts螺纹导程lead螺纹效率screw efficiency螺旋传动power screw螺纹thread (of a screw)螺旋副helical pair螺旋机构screw mechanism螺旋角helix angle螺旋线helix ,helical line绿色设计green design design for environment马耳他机构Geneva wheel Geneva gear马耳他十字Maltese cross脉动无级变速pulsating stepless speed changes脉动循环应力fluctuating circulating stress脉动载荷fluctuating load铆钉rivet迷宫密封labyrinth seal密封seal密封带seal belt密封胶seal gum密封元件potted component密封装置sealing arrangement面对面安装face-to-face arrangement面向产品生命周期设计design for product`s life cycle, DPLC 名义应力、公称应力nominal stress模块化设计modular design, MD模块式传动系统modular system模幅箱morphology box模糊集fuzzy set模糊评价fuzzy evaluation模数module摩擦friction摩擦角friction angle摩擦力friction force摩擦学设计tribology design, TD摩擦阻力frictional resistance摩擦力矩friction moment摩擦系数coefficient of friction摩擦圆friction circle磨损abrasion wear; scratching末端执行器end-effector目标函数objective function耐腐蚀性corrosion resistance耐磨性wear resistance挠性机构mechanism with flexible elements挠性转子flexible rotor内齿轮internal gear内力internal force内圈inner ring能量energy能量指示图viscosity逆时针counterclockwise (or anticlockwise)啮出engaging-out啮合engagement, mesh, gearing啮合点contact points啮合角working pressure angle啮合线line of action啮合线长度length of line of action啮入engaging-in牛头刨床shaper凝固点freezing point; solidifying point扭转应力torsion stress扭矩moment of torque扭簧helical torsion spring诺模图NomogramO 形密封圈密封O ring seal盘形凸轮disk cam盘形转子disk-like rotor抛物线运动parabolic motion疲劳极限fatigue limit疲劳强度fatigue strength偏置式offset偏( 心) 距offset distance偏心率eccentricity ratio偏心质量eccentric mass偏距圆offset circle偏心盘eccentric偏置滚子从动件offset roller follower偏置尖底从动件offset knife-edge follower偏置曲柄滑块机构offset slider-crank mechanism 拼接matching评价与决策evaluation and decision频率frequency平带flat belt平带传动flat belt driving平底从动件flat-face follower平底宽度face width平分线bisector平均应力average stress平均中径mean screw diameter平均速度average velocity平衡balance平衡机balancing machine平衡品质balancing quality平衡平面correcting plane平衡质量balancing mass平衡重counterweight平衡转速balancing speed平面副planar pair, flat pair平面机构planar mechanism平面运动副planar kinematic pair平面连杆机构planar linkage平面凸轮planar cam平面凸轮机构planar cam mechanism平面轴斜齿轮parallel helical gears普通平键parallel key其他常用机构other mechanism in common use起动阶段starting period启动力矩starting torque气动机构pneumatic mechanism奇异位置singular position起始啮合点initial contact , beginning of contact气体轴承gas bearing千斤顶jack嵌入键sunk key强迫振动forced vibration切齿深度depth of cut曲柄crank曲柄存在条件Grashoff`s law曲柄导杆机构crank shaper (guide-bar) mechanism曲柄滑块机构slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 曲柄摇杆机构crank-rocker mechanism曲齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gear曲率curvature曲率半径radius of curvature曲面从动件curved-shoe follower曲线拼接curve matching曲线运动curvilinear motion曲轴crank shaft驱动力driving force驱动力矩driving moment (torque)全齿高whole depth权重集weight sets球ball。
机电工程专业英语翻译(2)
包含16、17、18、22、23、27单元As the arbiter of quality via the deviation from drawing procedure, quality planning has the database to evaluate performance of the various shop and support functions.作为产品设计与制造偏差的评判者，质量规划部门可以通过数据库对产品的各个加工工序及制造情况进行评估Annealing is a generic term denoting a heat treatment that consists of heating to and holding at a suitable temperature followed by cooling at a suitable rate 退火：热处理的一个通用术语，指的是加热到一定温度并保温，然后以合适的速度冷却Apart from the smoothenss of operation thus obtained, a great improvement is usually found in the surface finish on the work and the tool can make heavier cuts without detriment and will last considerably longer without regrinding除了能使机床运行平稳之外，液压驱动在机床上还有许多其他优越之处。
例如，可以改善工件表面的光洁度；可以在不损坏刀具的前提下增大刀具上的作用载荷；可以进行长时间的切削加工，而无需再次刃磨刀具等A robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for used in industrial automation applications机器人是一种自动控制，可编程，多功能的，由几个可重复编程的坐标系来操纵的机器装置，可固定或移动的方式应用于工业自动化中And, whether you know it or not, many papers are rejected by journal editors because of a faulty Discussion, even though the data of the peper might be both valid and interesting.不知你是否知道，尽管许多论文中的数据正确而有根据，且能够引起人们的兴趣，但讨论部分写得不好也会使其遭到期刊编辑的拒绝Because robots can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.因为机器人可以比人更快更准确地完成某些基本任务，所以广泛地用于制造业By comparing those feedback signals with the values set by the programmer, the close-loop controller can conduct the robot to move to the precise position and assume the desired attitude, and effector can perform with very high accuracy as the close-loop control system can minimize the discrepancy between the controlled object and the predetermined references.通过将反馈信号与程序设定值相对比，闭环控制器能引导机器人向准确的位置运动并实现期望的状态。
专业英语翻译
2008/10/7 14:15:281. Personnel 人员职员ˌpə:səˈnel2. V oltmeter 电压表伏特计ˈvəultˌmi:tə3. Ohmmeter 欧姆计电阻表ˈəumˌmi:tə4. Megohmmeter 兆欧表5. Wattmeter 瓦特计电表功率6. Watt-hour 瓦时瓦特小时7. Ammeter 安培计电流表8. calibrate 校正ˈkæləˌbreɪt9. scale 刻度量程skeil10. rated 额定的11. interfere with 有害于。
12. indicating needle仪表指针13. hazardous 危险的ˈhæzədəs14. pivot 支点15. terminal 端子ˈtə:minəl16. spiral 螺旋形的17. spring 弹簧18. shunt 分流，分路，并联，旁路19. rectifier 整流器20. electrodynamometer 电测力计21. strive for 争取22. vane 机器的叶，叶片23. strip 条，带，（跨接）片24. crude 不精细的，粗略的25. polarity 极性pəʊˈlærɪti:, pə-26. fuse 保险丝，熔丝fju:z27. rugged 坚固的28. depict 描绘，描写29. cartridge 盒式保险丝30. blow （保险丝）烧断31. plug fuse 插头式保险丝32. malfunction 故障mælˈfʌŋkʃən33. deenergize 不给…通电34. insulation 绝缘ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən, ˌɪnsjə-35. generator 发电机ˈdʒenəreitə36. magneto 磁发电机37. humidity 湿度38. moisture 潮湿湿气39. abbreviate 缩写，缩写为40. transformer 变压器41. thumb 检查，查阅42. milliammeter 毫安表43. multimeter 万用表44. dynamometer 测力计，功率计45. aluminum 铝46. deteriorate 使….恶化diˈtiəriəreit47. eddy current 涡流48. gear 齿轮，传动装置ɡiə49. dial 刻度盘50. semiconductor 半导体51. squirrel 鼠笼式52. diode 二极管53. thyristor 晶闸管54. transistor 电子晶体管trænˈsistə55. triac 双向可控硅56. phase 相位（控制）57. silicon 硅58. crystal 晶体59. wafer 薄片60. anode 阳极，正极61. cathode 阴极62. collector 集电极]63. emitter 发射极64. schematic （电路）原理图符号ski:ˈmætɪk, skɪ-]65. leakage 漏电流ˈli:kɪdʒ66. rating 额定值，标称值，定额ˈreitiŋ67. dissipate 散发ˈdisipeit68. breakdown 击穿69. heat sink 散热器70. self-latching 自锁71. commutation 换向ˌkɔmjuˈteiʃən72. geometry 几何结构73. squeeze 压榨，挤，挤榨skwi:z74. light-dimmer 调光75. capability 容量ˌkeɪpəˈbɪlɪti:76. studmounted 拴接式77. hockey puck 冰球78. fin 飞边79. active 有源的ˈæktiv80. horsepower 马力ˈhɔ:sˌpauə81. diameter 直径daiˈæmitə82. in. （inch ,inches）英寸83. extruded 型材的84. clamp 夹住，夹紧klæmp85. compound 紧密结合ˈkɔmpaund86. wrench 扳手rentʃ87. torque 转矩，扭矩tɔ:k88. enclosure 外（机）壳89. ventilation 通风，流通空气ˌventlˈeɪʃən90. sealed-off 封的91. thermal 热的，热量的92. substantially 主要地，实质上地93. aptly 适当地，适宜地ˈæptlɪ94. demystify 阐明di:ˈmistifai95. allude 暗指，直接提到əˈlu:d96. cease 停止，终了si:s97. line 线电压lain98. ripple 脉动. ˈripl99. redundant 多余的riˈdʌndənt 100. separately 单独励磁地101. synchronous 同步电动机ˈsɪŋkrənəs, ˈsɪn-102. circuitry 电路，线路ˈsə:kitri103. cost-effective 花费大的104. capacitor 电容器kəˈpæsɪtə105. dictate 确定dikˈteit106. trade-off 权衡，折衷107. criteria 标准，判据kraɪˈtɪərɪə108. analog electronics电力电子学109. saturate 使…饱和ˈsætʃəreit110. active region 动态区域111. due 应得到的dju:112. ratio 比，比率ˈreiʃiəu113. signify 表示ˈsiɡnifai 114. encode 编码enˈkəʊd 115. resonance 共鸣116. radiated 传播117. molecule 分子ˈmɔlikju:l 118. diaphragm 震动膜119. acoustic wave 声波120. wavy groove 起伏的沟槽121. deflection 挠度，挠曲122. strain gage 应变计量器123. tachometer 转速计124. thermocouple 热电偶125. oscilloscope 示波器126. analytical 解析的127. numerical 数值的128. integrate 求…的积分ˈintiɡreit 129. scale 改变比例130. frequency- domain 频域131. random 随机的132. audio 音频的133. operation amplifier 运算放大器134. summation 求和，加法səˈmeɪʃən 135. sophisticated 复杂的，完善的136. mass-produce 大量生产137. subtract 减去səbˈtrækt 138. inverting amplifier 反向放大器139. uninverting amplifer 同相放大器140. derive 推倒diˈraiv141. active filter 有源滤波器142. stabilize 使稳定ˈsteibəlaiz143. moderate 适度的，适中的144. virtue 优点ˈvə:tju: 145. amplification 扩大146. capacitor 电容器kəˈpæsɪtə147. impedance 阻抗148. bode plot 波特图149. simulate 模拟，方针150. narrowband filter 带通滤波器151. low-pass filter低通滤波器152. high-pass filter高通滤波器153. differential equation 微分方程154. prebias 预偏置155. summer 加法器156. weighted 加权的157. refinement 改进158. accommodate 适应əˈkɔmədeit159. envision 预见160. alphabet 字母表161. validity 正确性162. proposition 命题163. binary 二进制164. nevertheless 然而165. reveal 展现166. complement 补码167. truthtable 真值表168. algebraical 代数的169. trial and error 试错法，试凑法170. elapse 时间（流逝）171. enumerate 列举172. expire 期满,终止173. brute 僵化的174. prime 上撇号175. trigger 引起,触发ˈtriɡə176. inversion 反相,反转ɪnˈvɜ:ʒən, -ʃən 177. quadruple 四合一178. fabricate 制造ˈfæbrikeit 179. integrated circuit 集成电路180. capsule 封装ˈkæpsju:l181. compatible 兼容的kəmˈpætəbl182. obsolete 废弃的183. threshold 门限,阈值ˈθreʃhəuld 184. zener diode 齐纳二极管185. adjacent 临近的,接近的əˈdʒeisənt 186. arc welding 电弧焊187. intimately 密切地188. recast 重做189. bistable circuit 双稳电路190. cutoff 截止,关闭191. symmetry 对称ˈsimitri，ˈsɪmətri 192. lable 为……标号193. equilibria 平衡194. lever 杆,杠杆195. latch circuit 锁存电路196. depress 压下197. flip-flop 触发器198. glitch 同步ɡlitʃ199. leading edge 上升沿200. lagging(trailing) edge 下降沿201. inhibit 禁止inˈhibit 202. hitherto 迄今,至今ˌhiðəˈtu: 203. toggle (来回)切换204. impulse 推动力205. air gap 气隙206. aircraft 飞机207. alternating current, AC 交流208. armature 电枢209. automobile 汽车ˈɔ:təməbi:l 210. bearing 轴承211. brush 电刷212. carbon 碳213. circumference 圆周214. clearance 间隙215. coils 线圈绕组216. commutator 换向器217. connection 接线端218. copper bar 铜导条219. copper end rings 铜端环220. core 铁心221. cylindrical 圆柱式的222. doubly excited 双边励磁223. electromechanical 机电的224. felt 毡225. ferromagnetic 铁磁的226. field pole 磁极227. flux density 磁通密度228. frame 机座，机壳229. generator 发电机230. glue 胶合，粘贴231. graphite 石墨232. induction motor感应电动机233. laminate 叠制，叠压234. lubricant 润滑剂，润滑油235. magnetic flux 磁通236. magnetizing current 磁化电流，励磁电流237. mechanical rectifier 机械式换向器238. metallic 金属的239. penetrate 透过，渗透240. periphery 周围，圆周241. perpendicular 垂直的，正交的ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ242. polarity 极性pəʊˈlærɪti 243. protrude 使伸出，突出244. reluctance 磁阻245. revolving magnetic field 旋转磁场246. rotor 转子ˈrəʊtə247. salient 突出的248. salient-pole 凸极式249. servo 伺服ˈsə:vəu 250. singly excited 单边励磁251. slip rings 滑环252. slot 槽，开槽253. squirrel-cage 鼠笼式，笼型254. stator 定子255. synchronous machine 同步电机256. torque 转矩257. toroid 环状物258. transformer 变压器259. unidirectional 单方向的，方向不变的260. winding 绕组261. wound-rotor 绕线式262. wrap 捆，缠，环绕263. yoke 轭264. allowable temperature rise 允许温升265. alnico 铝镍钴合金266. asynchronous machine 异步电机267. automobile starter motor 汽车启动机268. backlash 啮合间隙，齿隙269. centrifugal force 离心力270. ceramic 陶瓷的271. compound-wound 复励272. constraint 强制，约束273. counter emf 反电势274. counterpart 对应物275. culminate 达到极值点276. cumulative compound 积复励277. demagnetization退磁，去磁278. denominator 分母279. differential compound 差复励280. dissipate 浪费281. equilibrium level 平均值282. equivalent circuit 等效电路283. figure of merit品质因数，优值284. flicker 闪烁，摇曳285. flux per pole 每极磁通286. friction 摩擦287. in parallel with 并联288. in series with 串联289. in terms of 根据，在……方面290. in the vicinity of 在…附近，在…左右291. indispensable 必需的，必不可少的292. inherent 固有的293. insulation 绝缘294. long-shunt 长复励295. loss 损耗296. magnetization curve 磁化曲线297. merit 优点，长处，指标298. no load 空载299. nonetheless，none the less 仍然，依然300. numerator 分子301. overload 过载302. permissible 允许的303. permanent-magnet永磁304. pertinent 有关的305. power flow diagram 功率流程图306. prefix 前缀，把…放在前面307. rated torque 额定转矩308. reaction 电感309. rheostat 变阻器，电阻箱310. series-wound 串励311. shunt-wound 并励312. short-shunt 短复励313. starting current 启动电流314. starting torque 启动转矩315. synchronous speed 同步转速316. theorem 定理317. turns 匝数318. undervoltage 欠电压319. Ward-Leonard system 发电机-电动机组系统320. windage 通风321. yield 产生，提供322. adjacent 相邻的，邻近的323. autotransformer自耦变压器324. braking 制动325. cam 凸轮326. chamber 室，腔327. conveyor 传送机328. corrosion 腐蚀329. counterclockwise 逆时针330. counter electromotive force ，CEMF反电势331. dashpot relay 油壶式继电器332. diaphragm 膜片，挡板333. drill 钻床334. elapse 过去，消逝335. enclosure 机壳336. expel 排出，放出337. fasten 固定，连接338. furnace 炉339. fuse 熔断器，保险丝340. general-purpose relay通用继电器341. hydraulic 液压传动342. initiate 引起，促进343. intake 吸入344. knob 旋钮，圆形把手345. latching relay 自锁继电器346. lathe 车床347. limit switch 限位开关348. moisture 潮气，湿度349. mount 安装350. octal-base 八脚的351. orifice 孔，注孔352. pedal 踏板，踏蹬353. phase sequence 相序354. piston 活塞355. pivot 轴，支点，旋转中心356. plunger 可动铁心，插棒式铁心357. pneumatic 气动的358. relay 继电器359. single-phase 单相的360. solenoids 螺线管361. solid-state relay 固态继电器362. spring 弹簧363. tap 抽头364. three-phase 三相365. timing relay 延时继电器366. toggle 搬扭，刀闸367. vibration 振动368. absolute encoder 绝对编码器369. accelerometer 加速度测量仪370. actuator 执行机构371. analog-to-digital conversion, ADC 模数转换器372. angular 角的373. auxiliary 辅助的374. as a rule of thumb 根据经验375. bellows 膜盒376. binary-coded decimal,BCD377. calibration 校准，标定，刻度378. cantilever 悬臂379. closed-loop 闭环■380. induction machine 感应式电机381. horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁382. magnetic field 磁场383. eddy current 涡流384. right-hand rule 右手定则385. left-hand rule 左手定则386. slip 转差率387. induction motor 感应电动机388. rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场389. winding 绕组390. stator 定子391. rotor 转子392. induced current 感生电流393. time-phase 时间相位394. exciting voltage 励磁电压395. solt 槽396. lamination 叠片397. laminated core 叠片铁芯398. short-circuiting ring 短路环399. squirrel cage 鼠笼400. rotor core 转子铁芯401. cast-aluminum rotor铸铝转子402. bronze 青铜403. horsepower 马力404. random-wound 散绕405. insulation 绝缘406. ac motor 交流环电动机407. end ring 端环408. alloy 合金409. coil winding 线圈绕组410. form-wound 模绕411. performance characteristic 工作特性412. frequency 频率413. revolutions per minute 转/分414. motoring 电动机驱动415. generating 发电416. per-unit value 标么值417. breakdown torque 极限转矩418. breakaway force 起步阻力419. overhauling 检修420. wind-driven generator 风动发电机421. revolutions per second 转/秒422. number of poles 极数423. speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线424. plugging 反向制动425. synchronous speed 同步转速426. percentage 百分数427. locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩428. full-load torque 满载转矩429. prime mover 原动机430. inrush current 涌流431. magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗432. line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的433. staor winding 定子绕组434. leakage reactance 漏磁电抗435. no-load 空载436. full load 满载437. Polyphase 多相(的)438. iron-loss 铁损439. complex impedance 复数阻抗440. rotor resistance 转子电阻441. leakage flux 漏磁通442. locked-rotor 锁定转子443. chopper circuit 斩波电路444. separately excited 他励的445. compounded 复励446. dc motor 直流电动机447. de machine 直流电机448. speed regulation 速度调节ˌreɡjuˈleiʃən449. shunt 并励ʃʌnt450. series 串励ˈsiəri:z451. armature circuit 电枢电路452. optical fiber 光纤453. interoffice 局间的454. waveguide 波导波导管455. bandwidth 带宽ˈbændwidθ456. light emitting diode 发光二极管iˈmitˈdaiəud 457. silica 硅石二氧化硅458. regeneration 再生, 后反馈放大459. coaxial 共轴的,同轴的kəuˈæksəl 460. high-performance 高性能的pəˈfɔ:məns 461. carrier 载波ˈkæriə462. mature 成熟的məˈtjuə463. Single Side Band(SSB) 单边带464. coupling capacitor 结合电容465. propagate 传导传播ˈprɔpəɡeit 466. modulator 调制器ˈmɔdjuleitə467. demodulator 解调器468. line trap 限波器469. shunt 分路器470. Amplitude Modulation(AM调幅471. Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控472. tuner 调谐器473. attenuate 衰减əˈtenju:ˌeɪt 474. incident 入射的475. two-way configuration 二线制476. generator voltage 发电机电压477. dc generator 直流发电机478. polyphase rectifier 多相整流器479. boost 增压480. time constant 时间常数ˈkɔnstənt481. forward transfer function 正向传递函数482. error signal 误差信号483. regulator 调节器484. stabilizing transformer稳定变压器ˈsteibəlaiz trænsˈfɔ:mə485. time delay 延时486. direct axis transient time constant直轴瞬变时间常数487. time invariant 时不变的inˈvɛəriənt488. transient response 瞬态响应ˈtrænziənt riˈspɔns489. solid state 固体490. buck 补偿bʌk491. operational calculus 算符演算492. gain 增益ɡein493. pole 极点pəul494. feedback signal 反馈信号495. dynamic response 动态响应daiˈnæmik riˈspɔns 496. voltage control system 电压控制系统497. mismatch 失配498. error detector 误差检测器dɪˈtektə499. excitation system 励磁系统500. field current 励磁电流fi:ld501. transistor 晶体管502. high-gain 高增益503. boost-buck 升压去磁504. feedback system 反馈系统505. reactive power 无功功率ri:ˈæktɪv 506. feedback loop 反馈回路507. automatic V oltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器508. third harmonic voltage 三次谐波电压509. reference V oltage 基准电压510. magnetic amplifier 磁放大器511. amplidyne 微场扩流发电机512. self-exciting 自励的513. limiter 限幅器ˈlimitə514. manual control 手动控制ˈmænjuəl 515. block diagram 方框图516. linear zone 线性区517. potential transformer 电压互感器518. stabilization network 稳定网络519. stabilizer 稳定器ˈsteɪbəˌlaɪzə520. air-gap flux 气隙磁通521. saturation effect 饱和效应522. saturation curve 饱和曲线523. flux linkage 磁链524. per unit value 标么值525. shunt field 并励磁场526. magnetic circuit 磁路527. load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线528. air-gap line 气隙磁化线529. polyphase rectifier 多相整流器530. circuit components 电路元件531. circuit parameters 电路参数532. electrical device 电气设备533. electric energy 电能ˈenədʒi534. primary cell 原生电池sel535. energy converter 电能转换器536. conductor 导体kənˈdʌktə537. heating appliance 电热器əˈplaiəns538. direct-current 直流539. self-inductor 自感inˈdʌktə540. mutual-inductor 互感541. the dielectric 电介质ˌdaiiˈlektrik542. storage battery 蓄电池543. e.m.f = electromotive fore电动势544. unidirectional current 单方向性电流545. circuit diagram 电路图546. load characteristic 负载特性ˌkæriktəˈristik 547. terminal voltage 端电压ˈtə:minəl548. external characteristic外特性549. conductance 电导550. volt-ampere characteristics伏安特性551. carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡552. ideal source 理想电源553. internal resistance 内阻554. active (passive) circuit elements有（无）源电路元件555. deviation 偏差ˌdi:vi:ˈeɪʃən 556. leakage current 漏电流ˈli:kɪdʒ557. circuit branch 支路brɑ:ntʃ558. P.D. = potential drop 电压降559. potential distribution 电位分布560. r.m.s values = root mean square values 均方根值561. permanent magnet 永磁体562. effective values 有效值563. steady direct current 恒稳直流电564. sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数565. complex number 复数566. Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系567. modulus 模568. real part 实部569. imaginary part 虚部570. displacement current 位移电流dɪsˈpleɪsmənt 571. trigonometric transformations 瞬时值572. epoch angle 初相角ˈi:pɔk573. phase displacement 相位差574. signal amplifier 小信号放大器575. mid-frequency band 中频带576. bipolar junction transistor(BJT双极性晶体管577. field effect transistor(FET)场效应管578. electrode 电极电焊条ɪˈlekˌtrəʊd579. polarity 极性pəʊˈlærɪti580. gain 增益581. isolation 隔离分离绝缘隔振ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən 582. emitter 发射管放射器发射极583. collector 集电极584. base 基极585. self-bias resistor 自偏置电阻ˈbaiəs586. triangular symbol 三角符号587. phase reversal 反相rɪˈvɜ:səl588. infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益ˈinfinit589. feedback component 反馈元件kəmˈpəunənt590. differentiation 微分ˌdifəˌrenʃiˈeiʃən591. integration 积分下限ˌɪntɪˈgreɪʃən592. impedance 阻抗imˈpi:dəns593. fidelity 保真度fiˈdeliti594. summing circuit总和线路反馈系统中的比较环节595. pneumatic 气动的nu:ˈmætɪk596. Oscillation 振荡ˌɔsəˈleɪʃən597. inverse 倒数ɪnˈvɜ:s598. admittance 导纳ædˈmɪtns599. transformer 变压器600. turns ratio 变比匝比ˈreiʃiəu601. ampere-turns 安匝(数)602. mutual flux 交互(主)磁通603. vector equation 向(相)量方程ˈvektəiˈkweiʃən 604. power frequency 工频605. capacitance effect 电容效应606. induction machine 感应电机607. shunt excited 并励ʃʌnt608. series excited 串励ˈsiəri:z609. separately excited 他励ˈsepərɪtlɪ610. self excited 自励ɪkˈsaɪtɪd611. field winding 磁场绕组励磁绕组612. speed-torque characteristic 速度转矩特性613. dynamic-state operation动态运行daiˈnæmik614. salient poles 凸极615. excited by 励磁616. field coils 励磁线圈617. air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布618. direct axis 直轴619. armature coil 电枢线圈620. rotating commutator 旋转（整流子）换向器621. commutator-brush combination换向器-电刷总线622. mechanical rectifier 机械式整流器623. armature m.m.f. wave 电枢磁势波624. Geometrical position 几何位置625. magnetic torque 电磁转矩626. spatial waveform 空间波形627. sinusoidal–density wave正弦磁密度628. external armature circuit 电枢外电路629. instantaneous electric power瞬时电功率630. instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率631. effects of saturation 饱和效应632. reluctance 磁阻633. power amplifier 功率放大器634. compound generator 复励发电机635. rheostat 变阻器636. self –excitation process 自励过程637. commutation condition 换向状况638. cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机639. operating condition 运行状态640. equivalent T –circuit T型等值电路641. rotor (stator) winding 转子（定子绕组）642. winding loss 绕组（铜）损耗643. prime motor 原动机praim644. active component 有功分量ˈæktiv645. reactive component 无功分量ri:ˈæktɪv646. electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩647. retarding torque 制动转矩648. inductive component 感性（无功）分量649. abscissa axis 横坐标æbˈsɪsəˈæksis650. induction generator 感应发电机651. synchronous generator 同步发电机652. automatic station 无人值守电站653. hydropower station 水电站654. process of self –excitation 自励过程655. auxiliary motor 辅助电动机656. technical specifications 技术条件657. voltage across the terminals 端电压658. steady –state condition瞬态暂态ˈstedi steit kənˈdiʃn659. reactive in respect to 相对….呈感性ri:ˈæktɪv 660. active in respect to 相对….呈阻性ˈæktiv risˈpekt 661. synchronous condenser 同步进相（调相）机662. coincide in phase with 与….同相663. synchronous reactance 同步电抗664. algebraic 代数的ˌældʒiˈbreiik665. algorithmic 算法的666. biphase 双相的667. bilateral circuit 双向电路baiˈlætərəl668. bimotored 双马达的669. corridor 通路ˈkɔridɔ:670. shunt displacement current 旁路位移电流671. leakage 泄漏672. lightning shielding 避雷673. harmonic 谐波的hɑ:ˈmɔnik674. insulator string 绝缘子串675. neutral 中性的ˈnju:trəl676. zero sequence current 零序电流677. sinusoidal 正弦的678. square 平方679. corona 电晕,放电680. bypass 旁路681. voltmeter 电压表ˈvəultˌmi:tə682. ammeter 电流表ˈæmitə683. micrometer 千分尺684. thermometer 温度计θəˈmɔmitə685. watt-hour meter 电度表686. wattmeter 电力表687. private line 专用线路688. diameter 直径689. centimeter 厘米690. restriking 电弧再触发691. magnitude 振幅ˈmæɡnitju:d 692. oscillation 振荡ˌɔsəˈleɪʃən 693. auxiliary 辅助的ɔ:ɡˈziljəri 694. protective gap 保护性间隙放电695. receptacle 插座696. lightning arrester 避雷装置697. bushing 套管ˈbuʃiŋ698. trigger 起动装置699. stress 应力stres 700. deterioration 损坏,磨损701. spark gap 火花放电隙702. traveling-wave 行波703. wye-connected 星形连接704. enclosure 设备外壳705. live conductor 带电导体706. fuse 熔断器707. structural 结构上的708. out-of-step 不同步的709. resynchronize 再同步710. synchroscops 同步指示器711. automatic oscillograph 自动示波器712. nominally 标称713. sampling 采样ˈsæmplɪŋ714. potential transformer 电压互感器715. fraction 分数ˈfrækʃən 716. switchyard 户外配电装置717. hazard 危险ˈhæzəd 718. bushing 高压套719. contact 触点720. energize 励磁721. trip coil 跳闸线圈722. over-current relay 过电流继电器723. armature 衔铁724. pickup current 始动电流725. release current 释放电流726. solenoid relay 螺管式继电器727. induction-disc relay 感应圆盘式继电器728. inverse time relay 反时限继电器729. hydraulic 液力的730. dashpot 阻尼器733. electrical stressing 电气应力734. mechanical stressing 机械应力■735. crystal 晶体的，水晶，晶体736. demodulation 解调737. derivative 导数diˈrivətiv 738. diaphragm 膜片739. differentiation 微分740. discrete 离散的disˈkri:t 741. displacement 位移742. eddy 涡流743. encoder 编码器744. error 误差，偏差745. expedite 加速ˈekspɪˌdaɪt 746. feedback 反馈747. feedforward 前馈748. forging 锻造749. hysteresis 磁滞750. immunity 抗扰性751. impedance 阻抗752. increment encoder 增量编码器753. inertia 惯性754. integration 积分755. interface 接口ˈintəfeis756. jerk 振动，冲击757. kinematic 运动的，运动学的758. longitudinal 经度了；纵向的759. manipulations 操作，控制，处理760. manipulator 机械手，操作器761. measurand 被测量，被测量对象762. modulation 调制763. multiplexer 多路转换器764. offset 偏心ˈɔfset765. open-loop 开环766. orthogonal 垂直的，正交的ɔ:ˈθɔɡənl 767. perpendicular 垂直的，正交的ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ768. photosensor 光电传感器769. piezoelectric 压电的770. plant 装置，设备771. potentiometer 电位器pəˌtenʃiˈɔmitə772. predominant 主要的，突出的773. prismatic 棱型的774. proximity 距离prɔkˈsimiti775. quantization 量化776. radial 径向的ˈreɪdi:əl777. redundant 多余的，重复的riˈdʌndənt 778. representation 代表，表示ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃən 779. resolver 解算器780. resonance 共振ˈrezənəns781. revolute 旋转的，转动的782. rig 设备783. robustness 鲁棒性784. rolling 轧制785. sampling period 采样周期ˈsæmplɪŋˈpiəriəd 786. signal-to-noise ration ，SNR信噪比787. strategy 策略ˈstrætidʒi788. subsequently 其后789. tachometer 测速仪tæˈkɔmitə790. terminology 术语，专门名词791. threshold 门，界限，阈值ˈθreʃhəuld792. trajectory 轨迹trəˈdʒektəri:793. transducer 传感器trænzˈdju:sə794. transient 瞬态的ˈtrænziənt795. transistor-to-transistor logic，TTL 晶体管-晶体管逻辑796. transit 运输ˈtrænsit797. translatory 平移的798. algorithm 算法ˈælɡəriðəm799. ambiguity 模棱两可800. antenna 天线801. arbitration 仲裁，公断802. autonomous 匿名的803. capacity 容量kəˈpæsiti 804. chao 混乱805. checksum 检查和806. circumnavigate 饶过807. client-server 客户-服务器808. client-server model 客户服务器模型809. corridor 通道，走廊810. decouple 解耦，去除干扰811. depict 描述diˈpikt 812. distributed system 分布式系统813. dungen 地牢814. electronic mail 电子邮件815. entity 实体ˈentiti 816. etiquette 规则ˈetɪˌket 817. exponential 指数818. fallout 余波，附带结果819. forward 转发ˈfɔ:wəd 820. full-duplex 全双工821. gamut 全体，整体822. goggles 护目镜，潜水镜823. half-duplex 半双工824. hierarchy 阶梯，等级825. host 主机826. infrastructure 基础，底层结构827. interactive 交互式828. interface data unit 接口数据单元829. inventory 存货，清单ˈɪnvəntri830. killer 迷人的831. newsgroup 新闻组832. object-oriented 面向对象的833. outgoing 外出了，离开的834. pointer 指针835. primitive 操作，原型ˈprimitiv836. process 进程ˈprəuses837. propagation 传播，宣传ˌprɔpəˈgeɪʃən 838. protocol 协议ˈprəʊtəˌkɔ:l839. protocol data unit 协议数据单元ˈju:nit840. remote database 远程数据库riˈməut ˈdeitəbeis 841. remote login 远程登陆ˈlɔ:gˌɪn842. remote terminal 终端843. reprisal 报复riˈpraizəl844. router 路由器ˈrautə845. service data unit 服务数据单元846. simultaneous 同时的ˌsiməlˈteinjəs 847. static allocation 静态分配ˈstætikˌæləˈkeiʃən 848. subnet 子网849. taxonomy 分类学，分类tækˈsɔnəmi: 850. telemedicine 远程医疗851. terminology 术语852. testbed 测试平台853. therapy 治疗ˈθerəpi854. token 令牌855. topology 拓扑学təˈpɔlədʒi856. videoconference 可视会议857. virtual reality 虚拟现实ˈvə:tjuəl riˈæliti858. worldwide shared 全球共享的859. wide area network 广域网860. actuator 执行器ˈæktjueitə861. bar code reader 条码阅读器862. by-product 副产品863. call for 需要864. contiguous 邻近的kənˈtɪgju:əs865. culprit 犯罪者866. elusive 难以捉摸的867. filter 滤波器ˈfiltə868. fluctuation 升降剥动，不规则的变化869. hardwired 硬接线的870. havoc 大破坏871. high-volume 大容量872. induction coupling 感应耦合873. inference 干扰ˈinfərəns 874. injection molding 注模875. instruction set 指令集inˈstrʌkʃən 876. interconnection 相互连接877. isolation transformer 隔离变压器878. maintenance 维护ˈmeintinəns 879. multiple axis drive 多轴驱动880. pilot light 信号灯881. RF noise 射频干扰882. shock 冲击ʃɔk883. solenoid 线圈ˈsəulinɔid 884. stand-alone 独立的885. stepper 步进电机ˈstepə886. thermocouple 热电偶ˈθə:məuˌkʌpl 887. troubleshoot 排除故障ˈtrʌbəlˌʃu:t 888. uninterruptible power supply 不间断电源889. vendor 生产厂商ˈvendə890. vibration 震动vaɪˈbreɪʃən891. water-tight 防水892. wreak 发泄，报复ri:k893. configuration 组态kənˌfiɡjuˈreiʃən894. Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗余检查ˈsaɪklɪk rɪˈdʌndənsi: 895. electromagnetic interference 电磁干扰896. meticulous 详细的miˈtikjuləs897. nonvolatile 非挥发的898. parity 校验ˈpærɪti:899. peripheral 外设900. pharmaceutical 药剂，药品901. rack mounting 机架安装902. resident program 驻留程序903. spare 备用的spɛə904. standby 后备的ˈstændˌbaɪ905. volatile 挥发的，易失的906. watchdog timer 看门狗定时器907. distribution 分配，配电ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən908. primary 最初的，基本的，初级线圈ˈpraiməri909. radial 径向的，辐射状的ˈreɪdi:əl910. premise 上述各点，前言，根据911. residential 住宅的，居住的912. residence 住宅913. occupancy 占有，占用，居住ˈɔkjupənsi914. tap 抽头tæp915. establishment 组织，部门916. dwelling 住房917. panel 操纵台，面板918. laundry 洗衣房919. means 手段，工具920. condominium （国际）共官921. branch circuit 直路922. conduit 导线，导线管ˈkɔndit923. rigid 刚性的，坚固的924. clamp 夹，钳925. bolt 螺栓926. cubicle 立方体927. interrupter 断续(流、电、路)器928. margin 余量，裕度929. nuisance 障碍，公害930. receptacle 插座，插孔rɪˈseptəkəl 931. algebraic 代数的932. virtually 实际上，实质上933. fluorescent 荧光的，有荧光性的934. fixture 设备，装置]935. vicinity 附近，邻近，接近936. ballast 镇流器937. feeder 馈电线，电源线，馈电板938. ground-fault protector （GFP）939. ground-fault circuit interrupter（GFCI）接地故障保护器，接地故障断路器940. centrifugal 离心的，离心力941. whilst="while"942. sphere 球体943. counteract 抵抗，抵消，消除ˌkauntəˈrækt944. joint 关节，铰链dʒɔint945. keyway 键槽946. pivot 轴，支点947. link 连杆948. throttle 节流阀，风门949. synthesis 综合物950. mass 物质，块，堆mæs951. classic 古典的，经典的，传统的952. steer 驾驶，操纵，引导stiə953. servomechanism 伺服机构，伺服系统954. actuate 激励，驱动ˈæktʃu:ˌeɪt955. intimately 紧密地，直接的ˈɪntɪmɪtlɪ956. academic 纯理论的ˌækəˈdemik957. dial 刻度盘，调节控制盘958. calibration 标定，标准化ˌkæləˈbreɪʃən959. lubrication 润滑，注油960. arrangement 结构əˈreindʒmənt 961. wear 磨损，损耗962. subtle 微妙的，巧妙的ˈsʌtl 963. transducer 变送器trænzˈdju:sə964. hand-wheel 手轮，驾驶盘，操纵盘965. hydraulic 液压的，液压传动装置966. pneumatic 气动的，气动力学的967. electro-hydraulic 电动液压的968. electro-pneumatic 电动气动的969. coincidence 一致，相等kəuˈinsidəns 970. faithful 正确的，可靠的ˈfeiθful971. fidelity 重现精度，真实，正确972. oscillatory 振动的，摆动的973. align 调整，校准əˈlaɪn974. profile 轮廓，仿行975. milling machine 铣床976. gyroscope 陀螺仪ˈdʒaɪərəˌskəʊp 977. launcher 发生器，启动装置978. inertial 惯性的，惯量的979. electrolytic 电解的iˌlektrəuˈlitik 980. plate （电）镀981. distillation 蒸馏982. blend 混合，调和，配料blend983. philosophy 基本原理fiˈlɔsəfi984. analytical 分析的，分解的985. orifice 侧流板，隔板986. diaphragm 膜，隔板987. knob 钮，圆形把手988. nomenclature 术语ˈnəʊmənˌkleɪtʃə989. liable 有责任的990. autonomic 自治的991. grossly 大概，大体上的ˈɡroslɪ992. ideological 思想的993. morally 道德上，道义上994. boredom 讨厌，无趣995. deterioration 变化，降低品质996. ambient 环境的997. remarks 附注，要点998. differential pressure transducer差压变送器999. viscous 粘稠的1000.viscous friction 粘滞摩擦.1001.bearing 轴承1002.rolling mill 轧钢机1003.mine minder 矿坑卷扬机1004.velodyne 伺服积分器。
机械设计制造及其自动化专业课程中英文翻译
机械设计制造及其自动化军训及军事理论Military Training and Military Theory计算机实用基础2 Introduction to Computer Application大学英语College English体育Physical Education工科数学分析2 Advanced Mathematics代数与几何 2 Linear Algebra Advanced Algebra and Geometry思想道德修养与法律基础Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Law Basics大学英语College English体育大学物理2 College Physics工科数学分析2C语言程序设计 C Language中国近现代史纲要Modern History of China法语二外（上）The Second Foreign Language French工业造型设计Modeling Design of Industrial Products大学英语College English大学物理2 College Physics大学物理实验1 Experiment in College Physics概率论与数理统计Probability Theory & Mathematical Statistics电工技术1 Electrical Engineering电工与电子技术综合实验1 Experiment for Electrical and Electronic Engineering工程图学（CAD）1 Mechanical Graphing理论力学1 Theoretical Mechanics工程力学实验1 Experiment for Engineering Mechanics毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想概论Introduction to Mao Zedong Thoughts, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the Important Thought of "Three Represents"文化素质教育系列讲座Cultural quality education lectures体育西方文明简史History of western civilization Introduction to Functional Materials机械原理课程设计Course Exercise of Mechanical Principle工程训练（金工实习）engineering training Metal Working Practice大学物理实验1电子技术1 Electronic Engineering电工与电子技术综合实验1机械原理Principle of Mechanics Mechanical Principles工程图学（CAD）1工程力学实验（材力）1材料力学1 Mechanics of Materials马克思主义基本原理Principles of Marxism文化素质教育系列讲座文化素质教育系列讲座体育项目管理Project Management法语二外（下）法语入门1机械设计课程设计Course Exercise in Mechanical Design工程训练（电子工艺实习）electronic process practice Practice on Electronic Working Techniques互换性与测量技术基础Basic Technology of Exchangeability Measurement工程流体力学Engineering Fluid Mechanics自动控制原理3 Automatic Control Theory电工学新技术实践The new technology of electronics practice机械设计Mechanical Design工程材料成型技术基础Engineering material molding technology机械工程材料Engineering Materials文化素质教育系列讲座文化素质教育系列讲座创新设计与制作Innovation design and production复变函数与积分变换Complex Function Functions of Complex V ariables & Integral Transformation社会热点问题评价evaluation of social issues知识产权"Intellectual Property Law"认识实习Cognition Practice制造系统自动化技术Automation of Mechanical Manufacture System传热学Heat Transfer文化素质教育系列讲座机电控制系统分析与设计Mechanical-Electrical Control system数控技术Numerical Control Technology机械制造装备设计Machinery manufacturing equipment design液压传动Hydraulic Transmission测试技术与仪器Measurement Fundamentals & Meter Design Measurement Fundamentals & Meter Design机械制造技术基础foundation of machine manufacturing technology综合课程设计1 Comprehensive Course Exercise生产实习Production Practice Field Practice现代机械设计方法The modern machinery design method机械动态设计Mechanical Dynamic Design机械结构有限元分析Finite Element of Mechanical Structures Finite Element Analysis and Programming Finite Element Analysis for Mechanical Structures机电系统智能化控制技术（双语Mechanical and electrical system intelligent control technology 综合课程设计2机械优化设计Optimum Design of MachineryMechanical Optimum Design毕业设计Graduation Thesis工程测试技术Engineering Testing Technique。
(机械制造行业)机械专业中英文对照翻译大全
（机械制造行业）机械专业中英文对照翻译大全机械专业英语词汇中英文对照翻译一览表陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center 车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine 拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics 流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor 集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting 相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant 逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheelAssembly line 组装线Layout 布置图Conveyer 流水线物料板Rivet table 拉钉机Rivet gun 拉钉枪Screw driver 起子Pneumatic screw driver 气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA 开箱检查fit together 组装在一起fasten 锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet 栈板barcode 条码barcode scanner 条码扫描器fuse together 熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME 制造工程师MT 制造生技cosmetic inspect 外观检查inner parts inspect 内部检查thumb screw 大头螺丝lbs. inch 镑、英寸EMI gasket 导电条front plate 前板rear plate 后板chassis 基座bezel panel 面板power button 电源按键reset button 重置键Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑胶件SOP 制造作业程序material check list 物料检查表work cell 工作间trolley 台车carton 纸箱sub-line 支线left fork 叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |plein|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |\\'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |\\' ksi\\'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ；normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed 变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer 表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross 槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条rack齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism 串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load刀具cutter导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes 动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle锻造forge对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics 反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism 复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism 刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment 公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design 共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling 滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force黑箱black box横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation 技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械手manipulator机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions 计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturingsystem, CIMS计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment 计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖点pointing; cusp尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism 减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线involute渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating 径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可靠度degree of reliability可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair 空间运动链spatial kinematic chain 空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action 隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon。
哈工大版机电工程专业英语翻译
Lesson 2 Lubrication润滑尽管润滑的主要目的之一是为了减少摩擦力，任何可以控制两滑动表面之间的摩擦和磨损(wear) 的物质——不管是液体、固体或者气体，都可以归类为(be classed as)润滑剂。
经过精心处理去除了所有杂质(foreign material)的金属在相互滑动时，会粘附(seize)或熔接(weld)到一起.当达不到高的清洁度(cleanliness)时，吸附在表面的气体、水蒸汽、氧化物(oxide)和污染物会降低摩擦力并减少黏附的趋势，但通常会产生严重的磨损，这种现象被称为“无润滑”摩擦或干摩擦(dry sliding)。
在滑动面之间引入一层流体膜，把润滑表面完全隔离开，就产生了（result in）流体膜润滑。
这种流体可能是有意引入的，例如汽车主轴承中的润滑油；也可能是无意中引入的，例如在光滑的橡胶轮胎与潮湿的路面pavement之间的水。
尽管流体通常是油、水和很多其它种类的液体，也可以是气体，最常用的气体是空气。
为了把零件隔离开，润滑膜中的压力必须和作用在滑动面上的负载（荷）保持平衡。
如果润滑膜的压力来自于外界，这种系统被称为流体静压hydrostatically润滑.如果润滑表面之间的压力是由于滑动面本身的形状和运动所共同产生的，这种系统就称为流体动压（hyrodynamically）润滑。
第二种润滑与润滑剂的粘性密切相关。
处在无润滑滑动和流体膜润滑之间的状态被称为边界润滑，也可以被定义为这样一种润滑状态，在这种状态中，表面之间的摩擦力取决于表面性质和润滑剂中除粘度以外的其他因素。
边界润滑包括大部分的润滑现象，通常在机器的启停时出现。
当普通润滑剂没有足够的承载能力或者不能在极限温度下工作时，石墨(graphite)和二硫化钼 (molybdenum disulfide) 这类固体润滑剂得到广泛的应用。
但润滑剂不仅仅以油脂、粉末和气体这样一些为人们所熟悉的形态出现，在一些精密的机器中，金属也常作为润滑面。
(完整版)机电专业英语试题及答案
《机电专业英语》考试题一．翻译词汇mechatronic 机电一体化（技术）sensor传感器actuator执行元件，执行结构Feedback反馈deviation偏差hydraulic液压的machine tool机床geometric modeling 几何建模job-lot amount单批量maintenance维护pallet随行夹具robot机器人drill钻床，钻头Lathe车床mill 铣床shaper牛头刨床planer龙门刨床grinder磨床tap攻丝pulley滑轮shaft轴bore 镗削screw螺杆tolerance公差torque转矩nut螺母spring弹簧key键bearing轴承coupling联结器clutch离合器diode二极管transistor三极管transistors 晶体管integrated circuit 集成电路chip 芯片capacitor 电容器resistor 电阻digital 数字（式）的lever杠杆Servomechanism伺服机构closed-loop闭环actuator 传动装置following device随动装置troubleshoot故障排除二．汉译英1.机电一体化技术，电子学，机械学，智能数控，机器人学，信息技术，科学术语。
Mechatronics , electronics, mechanics, intelligent control, robotics.information technology , scientific term .2.机电一体化技术广泛用于汽车工业、机械工业以及国防工业。
Mechatronics has been applying widely to auto industry, mechanical industry and national defense industry.3.大多数的机加工主要是由五种基本的机床来完成。
机电工程专业英语翻译
Lesson 1Machinery design may be simple or enormously complex, easy or difficult, mathematical ornonmathematical, it may involve a trivial problem or one of great importance.机械设计可能简单，可能复杂；可能容易，可能困难；可能要求精确，也可能不精确；有时要解决的可能是一些很平常琐碎的问题，也可能是非常重大的问题。
In the modern industrialized world, the wealth and living standards of a nation are closely linked with their capabilities to design and manufacture engineering products. It can be claimed that the advancement of machinery design and manufacturing can remarkably promote the overall level of a country’s industrialization.在现代的工业化社会，一个国家的财富和生活水平与他们设计和制造工程产品的能力紧密相关，可以说机械设计和制造业的进步能显著地促进一个国家工业化整体水平的提高。
Definition of problem is necessary to fully define and understand the problem, after which itis possible to restate the goal in a more reasonable and realistic way than the original problemstatement.定义问题对全面认识、理解问题非常必要，之后可以更加合理可行的方式来重新阐述。
机械专业中英文对照翻译大全.
机械专业英语词汇中英文对照翻译一览表陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant 逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination 气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel后角clearance angle龙门刨削planing主轴spindle主轴箱headstock卡盘chuck加工中心machining center 车刀lathe tool车床lathe钻削镗削bore车削turning磨床grinder基准benchmark钳工locksmith锻forge压模stamping焊weld拉床broaching machine拉孔broaching装配assembling铸造found流体动力学fluid dynamics流体力学fluid mechanics加工machining液压hydraulic pressure切线tangent机电一体化mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration气压air pressure pneumatic pressure稳定性stability介质medium液压驱动泵fluid clutch液压泵hydraulic pump阀门valve失效invalidation强度intensity载荷load应力stress安全系数safty factor可靠性reliability螺纹thread螺旋helix键spline销pin滚动轴承rolling bearing滑动轴承sliding bearing弹簧spring制动器arrester brake十字结联轴节crosshead联轴器coupling链chain皮带strap精加工finish machining粗加工rough machining变速箱体gearbox casing腐蚀rust氧化oxidation磨损wear耐用度durability随机信号random signal离散信号discrete signal超声传感器ultrasonic sensor 集成电路integrate circuit挡板orifice plate残余应力residual stress套筒sleeve扭力torsion冷加工cold machining电动机electromotor汽缸cylinder过盈配合interference fit热加工hotwork摄像头CCD camera倒角rounding chamfer优化设计optimal design工业造型设计industrial moulding design有限元finite element滚齿hobbing插齿gear shaping伺服电机actuating motor铣床milling machine钻床drill machine镗床boring machine步进电机stepper motor丝杠screw rod导轨lead rail组件subassembly可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC 电火花加工electric spark machining电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting 相图phase diagram热处理heat treatment固态相变solid state phase changes有色金属nonferrous metal陶瓷ceramics合成纤维synthetic fibre电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion车架automotive chassis悬架suspension转向器redirector变速器speed changer板料冲压sheet metal parts孔加工spot facing machining车间workshop工程技术人员engineer气动夹紧pneuma lock数学模型mathematical model画法几何descriptive geometry机械制图Mechanical drawing投影projection视图view剖视图profile chart标准件standard component零件图part drawing装配图assembly drawing尺寸标注size marking技术要求technical requirements刚度rigidity内力internal force位移displacement截面section疲劳极限fatigue limit断裂fracture塑性变形plastic distortion脆性材料brittleness material刚度准则rigidity criterion垫圈washer垫片spacer直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear运动简图kinematic sketch齿轮齿条pinion and rack蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear虚约束passive constraint曲柄crank摇杆racker凸轮cams共轭曲线conjugate curve范成法generation method定义域definitional domain值域range导数\\微分differential coefficient求导derivation定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral曲率curvature偏微分partial differential毛坯rough游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers攻丝tap二阶行列式second order determinant 逆矩阵inverse matrix线性方程组linear equations概率probability随机变量random variable排列组合permutation and combination气体状态方程equation of state of gas动能kinetic energy势能potential energy机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy 动量momentum桁架truss轴线axes余子式cofactor逻辑电路logic circuit触发器flip-flop脉冲波形pulse shape数模digital analogy液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism机械零件mechanical parts淬火冷却quench淬火hardening回火tempering调质hardening and tempering磨粒abrasive grain结合剂bonding agent砂轮grinding wheel Assembly line 组装线Layout 布置图Conveyer 流水线物料板Rivet table 拉钉机Rivet gun 拉钉枪Screw driver 起子Pneumatic screw driver 气动起子worktable 工作桌OOBA 开箱检查fit together 组装在一起fasten 锁紧(螺丝)fixture 夹具(治具)pallet 栈板barcode 条码barcode scanner 条码扫描器fuse together 熔合fuse machine热熔机repair修理operator作业员QC品管supervisor 课长ME 制造工程师MT 制造生技cosmetic inspect 外观检查inner parts inspect 内部检查thumb screw 大头螺丝lbs. inch 镑、英寸EMI gasket 导电条front plate 前板rear plate 后板chassis 基座bezel panel 面板power button 电源按键reset button 重置键Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Voltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键sheet metal parts 冲件plastic parts 塑胶件SOP 制造作业程序material check list 物料检查表work cell 工作间trolley 台车carton 纸箱sub-line 支线left fork 叉车personnel resource department 人力资源部production department生产部门planning department企划部QC Section品管科stamping factory冲压厂painting factory烤漆厂molding factory成型厂common equipment常用设备uncoiler and straightener整平机punching machine 冲床robot机械手hydraulic machine油压机lathe车床planer |plein|刨床miller铣床grinder磨床linear cutting线切割electrical sparkle电火花welder电焊机staker=reviting machine铆合机position职务president董事长general manager总经理special assistant manager特助factory director厂长department director部长deputy manager | =vice manager副理section supervisor课长deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长group leader/supervisor组长line supervisor线长assistant manager助理to move, to carry, to handle搬运be put in storage入库pack packing包装to apply oil擦油to file burr 锉毛刺final inspection终检to connect material接料to reverse material 翻料wet station沾湿台Tiana天那水cleaning cloth抹布to load material上料to unload material卸料to return material/stock to退料scraped |\\'skr?pid|报废scrape ..v.刮;削deficient purchase来料不良manufacture procedure制程deficient manufacturing procedure制程不良oxidation |\\' ksi\\'dei?n|氧化scratch刮伤dents压痕defective upsiding down抽芽不良defective to staking铆合不良embedded lump镶块feeding is not in place送料不到位stamping-missing漏冲production capacity生产力education and training教育与训练proposal improvement提案改善spare parts=buffer备件forklift叉车trailer=long vehicle拖板车compound die合模die locker锁模器pressure plate=plate pinch压板bolt螺栓administration/general affairs dept总务部automatic screwdriver电动启子thickness gauge厚薄规gauge(or jig)治具power wire电源线buzzle蜂鸣器defective product label不良标签identifying sheet list标示单location地点present members出席人员subject主题conclusion结论decision items决议事项responsible department负责单位pre-fixed finishing date预定完成日approved by / checked by / prepared by核准/审核/承办PCE assembly production schedule sheet PCE组装厂生产排配表model机锺work order工令revision版次remark备注production control confirmation生产确认checked by初审approved by核准department部门stock age analysis sheet 库存货龄分析表on-hand inventory现有库存available material良品可使用obsolete material良品已呆滞to be inspected or reworked 待验或重工total合计cause description原因说明part number/ P/N 料号type形态item/group/class类别quality品质prepared by制表notes说明year-end physical inventory difference analysis sheet 年终盘点差异分析表physical inventory盘点数量physical count quantity帐面数量difference quantity差异量cause analysis原因分析raw materials原料materials物料finished product成品semi-finished product半成品packing materials包材good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts 良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods处理品warehouse/hub仓库on way location在途仓oversea location海外仓spare parts physical inventory list备品盘点清单spare molds location模具备品仓skid/pallet栈板tox machine自铆机wire EDM线割EDM放电机coil stock卷料sheet stock片料tolerance工差score=groove压线cam block滑块pilot导正筒trim剪外边pierce剪内边drag form压锻差pocket for the punch head挂钩槽slug hole废料孔feature die公母模expansion dwg展开图radius半径shim(wedge)楔子torch-flame cut火焰切割set screw止付螺丝form block折刀stop pin定位销round pierce punch=die button圆冲子shape punch=die insert异形子stock locater block定位块under cut=scrap chopper清角active plate活动板baffle plate挡块cover plate盖板male die公模female die母模groove punch压线冲子air-cushion eject-rod气垫顶杆spring-box eject-plate弹簧箱顶板bushing block衬套insert 入块club car高尔夫球车capability能力parameter参数factor系数phosphate皮膜化成viscosity涂料粘度alkalidipping脱脂main manifold主集流脉bezel斜视规blanking穿落模dejecting顶固模demagnetization去磁;消磁high-speed transmission高速传递heat dissipation热传rack上料degrease脱脂rinse水洗alkaline etch龄咬desmut剥黑膜D.I. rinse纯水次Chromate铬酸处理Anodize阳性处理seal封孔revision版次part number/P/N料号good products良品scraped products报放心品defective products不良品finished products成品disposed products处理品barcode条码flow chart流程表单assembly组装stamping冲压molding成型spare parts=buffer备品coordinate座标dismantle the die折模auxiliary fuction辅助功能poly-line多义线heater band 加热片thermocouple热电偶sand blasting喷沙grit 砂砾derusting machine除锈机degate打浇口dryer烘干机induction感应induction light感应光response=reaction=interaction感应ram连杆edge finder巡边器concave凸convex凹short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕??shine亮班splay 银纹gas mark焦痕delamination起鳞cold slug冷块blush 导色gouge沟槽;凿槽satin texture段面咬花witness line证示线patent专利grit沙砾granule=peuet=grain细粒grit maker抽粒机cushion缓冲magnalium镁铝合金magnesium镁金metal plate钣金lathe车mill锉plane刨grind磨drill铝boring镗blinster气泡fillet镶;嵌边through-hole form通孔形式voller pin formality滚针形式cam driver铡楔shank摸柄crank shaft曲柄轴augular offset角度偏差velocity速度production tempo生产进度现状torque扭矩spline=the multiple keys花键quenching淬火tempering回火annealing退火carbonization碳化tungsten high speed steel钨高速的moly high speed steel钼高速的organic solvent有机溶剂bracket小磁导liaison联络单volatile挥发性resistance电阻ion离子titrator滴定仪beacon警示灯coolant冷却液crusher破碎机阿基米德蜗杆Archimedes worm安全系数safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷safe load凹面、凹度concavity扳手wrench板簧flat leaf spring半圆键woodruff key变形deformation摆杆oscillating bar摆动从动件oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构cam with oscillating follower 摆动导杆机构oscillating guide-bar mechanism 摆线齿轮cycloidal gear摆线齿形cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律cycloidal motion摆线针轮cycloidal-pin wheel包角angle of contact保持架cage背对背安装back-to-back arrangement背锥back cone ；normal cone背锥角back angle背锥距back cone distance比例尺scale比热容specific heat capacity闭式链closed kinematic chain闭链机构closed chain mechanism臂部arm变频器frequency converters变频调速frequency control of motor speed 变速speed change变速齿轮change gear change wheel变位齿轮modified gear变位系数modification coefficient标准齿轮standard gear标准直齿轮standard spur gear表面质量系数superficial mass factor表面传热系数surface coefficient of heat transfer 表面粗糙度surface roughness并联式组合combination in parallel并联机构parallel mechanism并联组合机构parallel combined mechanism并行工程concurrent engineering并行设计concurred design, CD不平衡相位phase angle of unbalance不平衡imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构intermittent gearing波发生器wave generator波数number of waves补偿compensation参数化设计parameterization design, PD残余应力residual stress操纵及控制装置operation control device槽轮Geneva wheel槽轮机构Geneva mechanism ；Maltese cross 槽数Geneva numerate槽凸轮groove cam侧隙backlash差动轮系differential gear train差动螺旋机构differential screw mechanism差速器differential常用机构conventional mechanism; mechanism in common use车床lathe承载量系数bearing capacity factor承载能力bearing capacity成对安装paired mounting尺寸系列dimension series齿槽tooth space齿槽宽spacewidth齿侧间隙backlash齿顶高addendum齿顶圆addendum circle齿根高dedendum齿根圆dedendum circle齿厚tooth thickness齿距circular pitch齿宽face width齿廓tooth profile齿廓曲线tooth curve齿轮gear齿轮变速箱speed-changing gear boxes齿轮齿条机构pinion and rack齿轮插刀pinion cutter; pinion-shaped shaper cutter 齿轮滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter齿轮机构gear齿轮轮坯blank齿轮传动系pinion unit齿轮联轴器gear coupling齿条传动rack gear齿数tooth number齿数比gear ratio齿条rack齿条插刀rack cutter; rack-shaped shaper cutter齿形链、无声链silent chain齿形系数form factor齿式棘轮机构tooth ratchet mechanism插齿机gear shaper重合点coincident points重合度contact ratio冲床punch传动比transmission ratio, speed ratio传动装置gearing; transmission gear传动系统driven system传动角transmission angle传动轴transmission shaft串联式组合combination in series串联式组合机构series combined mechanism 串级调速cascade speed control创新innovation creation创新设计creation design垂直载荷、法向载荷normal load唇形橡胶密封lip rubber seal磁流体轴承magnetic fluid bearing从动带轮driven pulley从动件driven link, follower从动件平底宽度width of flat-face从动件停歇follower dwell从动件运动规律follower motion从动轮driven gear粗线bold line粗牙螺纹coarse thread大齿轮gear wheel打包机packer打滑slipping带传动belt driving带轮belt pulley带式制动器band brake单列轴承single row bearing单向推力轴承single-direction thrust bearing单万向联轴节single universal joint单位矢量unit vector当量齿轮equivalent spur gear; virtual gear当量齿数equivalent teeth number; virtual number of teeth 当量摩擦系数equivalent coefficient of friction当量载荷equivalent load刀具cutter导数derivative倒角chamfer导热性conduction of heat导程lead导程角lead angle等加等减速运动规律parabolic motion; constant acceleration and deceleration motion等速运动规律uniform motion; constant velocity motion等径凸轮conjugate yoke radial cam等宽凸轮constant-breadth cam等效构件equivalent link等效力equivalent force等效力矩equivalent moment of force等效量equivalent等效质量equivalent mass等效转动惯量equivalent moment of inertia等效动力学模型dynamically equivalent model底座chassis低副lower pair点划线chain dotted line（疲劳）点蚀pitting垫圈gasket垫片密封gasket seal碟形弹簧belleville spring顶隙bottom clearance定轴轮系ordinary gear train; gear train with fixed axes 动力学dynamics动密封kinematical seal动能dynamic energy动力粘度dynamic viscosity动力润滑dynamic lubrication动平衡dynamic balance动平衡机dynamic balancing machine动态特性dynamic characteristics动态分析设计dynamic analysis design动压力dynamic reaction动载荷dynamic load端面transverse plane端面参数transverse parameters端面齿距transverse circular pitch端面齿廓transverse tooth profile端面重合度transverse contact ratio端面模数transverse module端面压力角transverse pressure angle锻造forge对称循环应力symmetry circulating stress对心滚子从动件radial (or in-line ) roller follower对心直动从动件radial (or in-line ) translating follower对心移动从动件radial reciprocating follower对心曲柄滑块机构in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism多列轴承multi-row bearing多楔带poly V-belt多项式运动规律polynomial motion多质量转子rotor with several masses惰轮idle gear额定寿命rating life额定载荷load ratingII 级杆组dyad发生线generating line发生面generating plane法面normal plane法面参数normal parameters法面齿距normal circular pitch法面模数normal module法面压力角normal pressure angle法向齿距normal pitch法向齿廓normal tooth profile法向直廓蜗杆straight sided normal worm法向力normal force反馈式组合feedback combining反向运动学inverse ( or backward) kinematics 反转法kinematic inversion反正切Arctan范成法generating cutting仿形法form cutting方案设计、概念设计concept design, CD防振装置shockproof device飞轮flywheel飞轮矩moment of flywheel非标准齿轮nonstandard gear非接触式密封non-contact seal非周期性速度波动aperiodic speed fluctuation非圆齿轮non-circular gear粉末合金powder metallurgy分度线reference line; standard pitch line分度圆reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle 分度圆柱导程角lead angle at reference cylinder分度圆柱螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder分母denominator分子numerator分度圆锥reference cone; standard pitch cone分析法analytical method封闭差动轮系planetary differential复合铰链compound hinge复合式组合compound combining复合轮系compound (or combined) gear train 复合平带compound flat belt复合应力combined stress复式螺旋机构Compound screw mechanism复杂机构complex mechanism杆组Assur group干涉interference刚度系数stiffness coefficient刚轮rigid circular spline钢丝软轴wire soft shaft刚体导引机构body guidance mechanism刚性冲击rigid impulse (shock)刚性转子rigid rotor刚性轴承rigid bearing刚性联轴器rigid coupling高度系列height series高速带high speed belt高副higher pair格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law根切undercutting公称直径nominal diameter高度系列height series功work工况系数application factor工艺设计technological design工作循环图working cycle diagram工作机构operation mechanism工作载荷external loads工作空间working space工作应力working stress工作阻力effective resistance工作阻力矩effective resistance moment 公法线common normal line公共约束general constraint公制齿轮metric gears功率power功能分析设计function analyses design 共轭齿廓conjugate profiles共轭凸轮conjugate cam构件link鼓风机blower固定构件fixed link; frame固体润滑剂solid lubricant关节型操作器jointed manipulator惯性力inertia force惯性力矩moment of inertia ,shaking moment 惯性力平衡balance of shaking force惯性力完全平衡full balance of shaking force惯性力部分平衡partial balance of shaking force 惯性主矩resultant moment of inertia惯性主失resultant vector of inertia冠轮crown gear广义机构generation mechanism广义坐标generalized coordinate轨迹生成path generation轨迹发生器path generator滚刀hob滚道raceway滚动体rolling element滚动轴承rolling bearing滚动轴承代号rolling bearing identification code 滚针needle roller滚针轴承needle roller bearing滚子roller滚子轴承roller bearing滚子半径radius of roller滚子从动件roller follower滚子链roller chain滚子链联轴器double roller chain coupling 滚珠丝杆ball screw滚柱式单向超越离合器roller clutch过度切割undercutting函数发生器function generator函数生成function generation含油轴承oil bearing耗油量oil consumption耗油量系数oil consumption factor赫兹公式H. Hertz equation合成弯矩resultant bending moment合力resultant force合力矩resultant moment of force黑箱black box横坐标abscissa互换性齿轮interchangeable gears花键spline滑键、导键feather key滑动轴承sliding bearing滑动率sliding ratio滑块slider环面蜗杆toroid helicoids worm环形弹簧annular spring缓冲装置shocks; shock-absorber灰铸铁grey cast iron回程return回转体平衡balance of rotors混合轮系compound gear train积分integrate机电一体化系统设计mechanical-electrical integration system design机构mechanism机构分析analysis of mechanism机构平衡balance of mechanism机构学mechanism机构运动设计kinematic design of mechanism机构运动简图kinematic sketch of mechanism机构综合synthesis of mechanism机构组成constitution of mechanism机架frame, fixed link机架变换kinematic inversion机器machine机器人robot机器人操作器manipulator机器人学robotics技术过程technique process技术经济评价technical and economic evaluation 技术系统technique system机械machinery机械创新设计mechanical creation design, MCD 机械系统设计mechanical system design, MSD 机械动力分析dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计dynamic design of machinery机械动力学dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计modern machine design机械系统mechanical system机械利益mechanical advantage机械平衡balance of machinery机械手manipulator机械设计machine design; mechanical design机械特性mechanical behavior机械调速mechanical speed governors机械效率mechanical efficiency机械原理theory of machines and mechanisms机械运转不均匀系数coefficient of speed fluctuation机械无级变速mechanical stepless speed changes基础机构fundamental mechanism基本额定寿命basic rating life基于实例设计case-based design,CBD基圆base circle基圆半径radius of base circle基圆齿距base pitch基圆压力角pressure angle of base circle基圆柱base cylinder基圆锥base cone急回机构quick-return mechanism急回特性quick-return characteristics急回系数advance-to return-time ratio急回运动quick-return motion棘轮ratchet棘轮机构ratchet mechanism棘爪pawl极限位置extreme (or limiting) position极位夹角crank angle between extreme (or limiting) positions计算机辅助设计computer aided design, CAD计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing, CAM计算机集成制造系统computer integrated manufacturing system, CIMS计算力矩factored moment; calculation moment计算弯矩calculated bending moment加权系数weighting efficient加速度acceleration加速度分析acceleration analysis加速度曲线acceleration diagram尖点pointing; cusp尖底从动件knife-edge follower间隙backlash间歇运动机构intermittent motion mechanism减速比reduction ratio减速齿轮、减速装置reduction gear减速器speed reducer减摩性anti-friction quality渐开螺旋面involute helicoid渐开线involute渐开线齿廓involute profile渐开线齿轮involute gear渐开线发生线generating line of involute渐开线方程involute equation渐开线函数involute function渐开线蜗杆involute worm渐开线压力角pressure angle of involute渐开线花键involute spline简谐运动simple harmonic motion键key键槽keyway交变应力repeated stress交变载荷repeated fluctuating load交叉带传动cross-belt drive交错轴斜齿轮crossed helical gears胶合scoring角加速度angular acceleration角速度angular velocity角速比angular velocity ratio角接触球轴承angular contact ball bearing角接触推力轴承angular contact thrust bearing 角接触向心轴承angular contact radial bearing 角接触轴承angular contact bearing铰链、枢纽hinge校正平面correcting plane接触应力contact stress接触式密封contact seal阶梯轴multi-diameter shaft结构structure结构设计structural design截面section节点pitch point节距circular pitch; pitch of teeth节线pitch line节圆pitch circle节圆齿厚thickness on pitch circle节圆直径pitch diameter节圆锥pitch cone节圆锥角pitch cone angle解析设计analytical design紧边tight-side紧固件fastener径节diametral pitch径向radial direction径向当量动载荷dynamic equivalent radial load径向当量静载荷static equivalent radial load径向基本额定动载荷basic dynamic radial load rating径向基本额定静载荷basic static radial load tating径向接触轴承radial contact bearing径向平面radial plane径向游隙radial internal clearance径向载荷radial load径向载荷系数radial load factor径向间隙clearance静力static force静平衡static balance静载荷static load静密封static seal局部自由度passive degree of freedom矩阵matrix矩形螺纹square threaded form锯齿形螺纹buttress thread form矩形牙嵌式离合器square-jaw positive-contact clutch 绝对尺寸系数absolute dimensional factor绝对运动absolute motion绝对速度absolute velocity均衡装置load balancing mechanism抗压强度compression strength开口传动open-belt drive开式链open kinematic chain开链机构open chain mechanism可靠度degree of reliability可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliability design, RD空气弹簧air spring空间机构spatial mechanism空间连杆机构spatial linkage空间凸轮机构spatial cam空间运动副spatial kinematic pair空间运动链spatial kinematic chain 空转idle宽度系列width series框图block diagram雷诺方程Reynolds‘s equation离心力centrifugal force离心应力centrifugal stress离合器clutch离心密封centrifugal seal理论廓线pitch curve理论啮合线theoretical line of action 隶属度membership力force力多边形force polygon力封闭型凸轮机构force-drive (or force-closed) cam mechanism力矩moment力平衡equilibrium力偶couple力偶矩moment of couple连杆connecting rod, coupler连杆机构linkage连杆曲线coupler-curve连心线line of centers链chain链传动装置chain gearing链轮sprocket sprocket-wheel sprocket gear chain wheel联组V 带tight-up V belt联轴器coupling shaft coupling两维凸轮two-dimensional cam临界转速critical speed六杆机构six-bar linkage龙门刨床double Haas planer轮坯blank。
机电专业英语翻译
机电专业英语翻译（1）1、These strips connect the holes on the top of the board. This makes it easy to connect components together to build circuits. To use the breadboard, the legs of components are placed in the holes. The holes are made so that they will hold the component in place. Each hole is connected to one of the metal strips running underneath the hole.这些金属条连接电路试验板表面的孔。
这就很容易把电路中各部件连接起来。
元件的引脚插入电路试验板的孔中。
而这些孔是用于固定元件的。
每个孔都是与电路试验板背面的金属条相连的。
2、In the 1870's Thomas Alva Edison created die electric-light bulb, from which later (Later 后来) the electron tube was developed. Such tubes are often called "vacuum tubes", since the air is removed from them so that there is a vacuum inside them.自从十九世纪七十年代托·阿·爱迪生发明了电灯泡之后，电子管便得到了发展。
这种电子管通常叫做“真空管”，因为空气已从中抽出，所以里面是真空的。
3、Transistors are made of small slices (slice薄片) of germanium crystals. Germanium is an element, just as (Just as 正象) copper and oxygen and hydrogen are elements. It is crystalline in form. The slice of germanium crystal used in a typical transistor may be less than 1/8 inch square and less than 1/32 inch thick. Look at a ruler to see how small this is.晶体管是由小片锗晶体制成。
机电一体化专业外文翻译--电力系统
外文原文：Electric power system1 Technical Characteristics of Electric PowerThe electric power has unique technical characteristics which give the power industry certain unique characteristics.1Intangibility. The customer cannot directly detect a kilowatt-hour with any of his physical senses.2Quality. The quality of service can be measured by service continuity or reliability, uniformity of voltage at the proper level, proper and uniformfrequency of the alternating voltage.3Product storage. Unlike most businesses, the electric power utility must create its product simultaneously with its use because there is no storage ofelectricity.4Responsibility for power service. Because the utility delivers its product to the customer’s premises it must assume responsibility for the safe andreliable delivery of its product.5Public Safety. The utility must provide reasonably adequate protection for the public and its own skilled workers.2 Power System PlanningIn anticipation of continued growth in the loads served by the electric utilities, power systems must be continually expanded in capability. Long-range planning is essential to assure that necessary additions are technically adequate, reasonable in cost and fit into a growth pattern.The difficulties encountered by the long-range planner include: uncertainty of load growth with respect to both geography and time, the probability of new invention or technological development.Good system planning strives for optimum design on a system-wide basis, not necessarily for minimum cost in one part of the system without regard to the effect on the other parts.In recent years, there has been an emphasis on economy in planning andoperation.Now there is increased emphasis on reliability and environmental factors.Before planning decisions are made, many factors must be carefully considered:(1)Equipment decision have long-term effects requiring a forecast and study period of 15-25 years.(2)There are many alternate means of generating electric power nuclear, base-load fossil, mid-range combustion turbines or hydro, and in large-medium or small-size plants, and different forms of energy storage.(3)There are several alternate means of transmitting electric power, for example, by alternating or direct current, overhead or underground cable, and all over a wide range of voltages.(4)The planning decisions are affected by load management techniques and the load patterns.(5)Uncertainty exists concerning the factors, such as future fuel cost, interest rates on money and capital availability, equipment forced-outage rates, new technologies and environmental restrictions.3 Electrical Distribution3.1 Primary Distribution SystemsThe wiring between the generating station and the final distribution point is called the primary distribution systems. There are several methods used for transmitting the power between these two points. The two most common methods are the radial system and the loop system.（1）The Radial SystemsThe term radial comes from the word radiate, which means to send out or emit from one central point. A radiate system is an electrical transmission system which begins at a central station and supplies power to various substations.In its simplest from, a radial system consists of a generating station which produces the electrical energy. This energy is transmitted from the generator(s) to thecentral station, which is generally part of, or adjacent to, the generating station. At the central station the voltage is stepped up to a higher value for long-distance transmission.From the central station, several lines carry the power to various substations. At the substations the voltage is usually lowered to a value more suitable for distribution in populated areas. From the substations, lines carry the power to distribution transformers. These transformers lower the voltages to the value required by the consumer.（2）The loop systemThe loop system starts from the central station or a substation and makes a complete loop through the area to be served, and back to the starting point. This results in the area being supplied from both ends, allowing sections to be isolated in case of a breakdown. An expanded version of the loop system consists of several central stations joined together to from a very large loop.（3）Consumer Distribution SystemsThe type of distribution system that the consumer uses to transmit power within the premises depends upon the requirements of the particular installation. Residential occupancies generally use the simplest type. Commercial and industrial systems vary widely with load requirements.3.2 Single-phase SystemsMost single-phase systems are supplied from a three-phase primary. The primary of a single-phase transformer is connected to one phase of the three-phase system. The secondary contains two coils connected in series with a midpoint tap to provide a single-phase, three-wire system. This arrangement is generally used to supply power to residential occupancies and some commercial establishments.For residential occupancies, the service conductors are installed either overhead or underground. Single-family and small multifamily dwellings have the kilowatt-hour metes installed on the outside of the building. From the kilowatt-hourmeter, the conductors are connected to the main disconnect.Three separate disconnecting means are used with one common ground.From the main disconnect, the conductors supply power to the branch circuit panels. For dwelling occupancies there are three basic types of branch circuits: general lighting circuits, small appliance and laundry circuits, and individual branch circuits. The individual branch circuits are frequently used to supply central heating and/or air-conditioning system, water heaters, and other special loads.（1）Grounding RequirementsAll AC services are required to be grounded on the supply side of the service disconnecting means. This grounding conductor runs from the combination system and equipment ground to the grounding electrode. For multifamily occupancies it is permitted to use up to six service disconnecting means. A single grounding conductor of adequate size should be used for the system ground.（2）Commercial and Industrial InstallationsCommercial and industrial installations are more complex than small residential installations. Large apartment complexes and condominiums, although classified as residential occupancies, often use commercial-style services .A single-phase, three-wire service or a three-phase, four-wire service may be brought into the building, generally from underground. The service-entrance conductors terminate in a main disconnects. From this point, the conductors are connected to the individual kilowatt-hour meters for each apartment and then to smaller disconnecting means and over-current protective devices. Branch-circuit panels are generally installed in each apartment. Feeder conductors connect the individual disconnecting means to the branch-circuit panels. Commercial and/or industrial buildings may have more than one kilowatt-hour meter, depending upon the number of occupancies. The service is usually a three-phase, four-wire system. The available voltages may be 120/208V or 277/480v. If the system provides 277/480V, a transformer must be installed in order to obtain 120V. If the building covers a largearea, it is recommended that the service be installed near the center of the building. This arrangement minimizes line loss on feeder and branch-circuit conductors. Some utilities supply a three-phase, three-wire or three-phase, four-wire delta system. The common voltages that may be obtained from the three-wire delta system are 240V, 440V, or 550V. With this arrangement, a transformer must be used to obtain 120V. The usual voltages supplied from the four-wire delta system are 240V, three phase and 120V, single phase.Many large consumers purchase the electrical energy at the primary voltage, and transformers are installed on their premises. Three-phase voltages up to 15 KV are often used.The service for this type of installation generally consists of metal cubicles called a substation unit. The transformers are either installed within the cubicle or adjacent to it. Isolation switches of the drawer type are installed within the cubicle. These switches are used to isolate the main switch or circuit breaker from the supply during maintenance or repair.3.3 Consumer Loop SystemsAlthough the radial system of distribution is probably the most commonly used system of transmitting power on the consumer’s property, the loop system is also employed.When installing any system, over-current protection and grounding must be given primary consideration. Electrical personnel who design and install these systems must comply with the NEC and local requirements.3.4 Secondary High-voltage DistributionLarge industrial establishments may find it more economical to distribute power at voltages higher than 600V. Depending upon the type of installation and the load requirements, voltages as high as 2300V may be used. Step-down transformers are installed in strategic locations to reduce the voltage to a practical working value.Sometimes the high-voltage system may be radial, and the low-voltage systemmay be connected into a loop. Another method is to have both the primaries and secondary connected to from a loop.（1）Secondary Ties Loop SystemIt is frequently convenient to connect loads to the secondary conductors at points between transformers. These conductors are called secondary ties. Article 450 of the NEC gives specific requirements regarding the conductor sizes and over-current protection.（2）Grounding of Electrical SystemsIn general, most electrical systems must be grounded. The purpose of grounding is to limit the magnitude of voltage caused by lightning, momentary surges, and accidental contact with higher voltages. System grounds must be arranged to provide a path of minimum impedance in order to ensure the operation of over-current devices when a ground fault occurs. Current should not flow though the grounding conductor during normal operation.Direct-current systems generally have the grounding conductor connected to the system at the supply station, and not at the individual service. Alternation-current system, on the other hand, must be grounded on the supply side of the main disconnect at each individual service. For specific information on the location and method of grounding, refer to NEC Article 250.3.5 Grounding of Electrical EquipmentMetal conduit and cases which enclose electrical conductors must be grounded. If the ungrounded conductor comes in contact with a metal enclosure which is not grounded, a voltage will be present between the enclosure and the ground. This presents a potential hazard. Persons coming in contact with the enclosure and ground will complete a circuit.All non-current-carrying metal parts of electrical installations should be tightly bonded together and connected to a grounding electrode. Good electrical continuity should be ensured though all metal enclosures. The current caused byaccidental grounds will be conducted though the enclosures, the grounding electrode to the earth.If the current is large enough, it will cause the over-current device to open. （1）Ground-Fault ProtectionA ground-fault protector is a device which senses ground faults and opens the circuit when the current to ground reaches a predetermined value. A ground-fault circuit interrupter is a device which opens the circuit when very small currents flow to ground.There is no way to determine in advance the impedance of an accidental ground. Most circuits are protected by 15A or larger over-current devices. If the impedance of a ground fault is low enough, such devices will open the circuit. What about currents of less than 15A? It has been proven that currents as small as 50mA though the heart, lungs, or brain can be fatal.Electrical equipment exposed to moisture or vibration may develop high-impedance grounds. Arcing between a conductor and the frame of equipment may cause a fire, yet the current may be less than 1 ampere. Leakage current caused by dirt and/or moisture may take place between the conductor and the frame. Portable tools are frequently not properly grounded, and the only path to ground is through the body of the operator.The ground-fault circuit interrupter was developed to provide protection against ground-fault currents of less than 15A. The GFCI is designed to operate on two-wire circuits in which one of the two wires is grounded. The standard circuit voltages are 120V and 277V .The time it takes to operate depends upon the value of the ground-fault current. Small currents of 10mA or less may flow for up to 5s before the circuit is opened. A current of 20mA will cause the GFCI to operate in less than 0.04s. This time/current element provides a sufficient margin of safety without nuisance tripping.The GFCI operates on the principle that an equal amount of current is flowingthrough the two wires. When a ground fault occurs, some of the current flowing though the ungrounded wire; it completes the circuit though the accidental ground. The GFCI senses the difference in the value of current between the values of current between the two wires and opens the circuit. GFIC s may be incorporated into circuit breaks, installed in the line, or incorporated into a receptacle outlet or equipment.Ground-fault protectors are generally designed for use with commercial and/or industrial installations. They provide protection against ground-fault currents from 2A up to 2000A.GFPs are generally installed on the main, submain, and/or feeder conductors. GFCIs are installed in the branch circuits.A ground-fault protector installed on supply conductors must enclose all the circuit conductors, including the neutral, if present. When the operating is under normal conditions, all the current to and from the load flows though the circuit conductors. The algebraic sum of the flux produced by these currents is zero. When a phase-to-ground fault occurs, the fault current returns though the grounding conductor. Under this condition an alternating flux is produced within the sensing device. When the fault current reaches a predetermined value, the magnetic flux causes a relay to actuate a circuit breaker.Sometimes the GFP is installed on the grounding conductor of the system. Under this condition, the unit senses the amount of phase-to-ground current flowing in the grounding conductor. When the current exceeds the setting of the GFP, it will cause the circuit breaker to open.The ground-fault protector is actually an especially design current transformer connected to a solid-state relay.（2）Three-phase SystemsThe various three-phase systems in normal use will be described. Under ideal conditions, these systems operate in perfect balance, and if a neutral conductor is present it carries zero current. In actual practice, perfectly balanced systems areseldom encountered. The electrical worker, therefore, must be able to calculate values of current and voltage in unbalanced systems. Single-phase loads are frequently supplied from three-phase systems. The single-phase load requirements vary considerably, making it virtually impossible to maintain a perfect balance.To calculate the line currents in an unbalanced three-phase system, the method in the following example may be used.4 Selection of Power TransformerThe selection of the transformer can have a major impact on the cost of a substation, since the transformer represents the major cost plate rating is only a aide to transformer application, and should only be used as a first step in the selection process.The selection of the transformer should involve a careful evaluation of a number of other factors:(1)Impedances should be selected considering their effects on short-circuitduties and low-side breaker ratings both for initial and future stationdevelopments.In addition, impedance is important to achieve a proper loaddivision in the parallel operation of transformers.(2)No load tap ranges should be selected to provide an adequate low-side busvoltage.(3)If the high-side or low-side voltages vary over a wide range during the load cycle, it may be necessary to provide bus regulation.The actual regulation can be calculated using the system and load characteristics.5 SwitchgearSwitchgear is a general term covering switching and interrupting devices, also associated devices with control, metering, protective and regulatory equipment.Switchgear mainly includes circuit breaker, disconnecting switch, load-break switch and fuse.The disconnect switch is the simplest switch on the basis of function, operating only in the absence of appreciable current.This switch cannotopen normal load current and its function is to disconnect or connect transformers, circuit breakers, other pieces of equipment and short length of high voltage conductors only after current through them has been interrupted by opening a circuit breaker or load-break switch. A load-break switch will switch normal load currents but will not interrupt short circuit currents. However, circuit breakers will perform the switching functions of the above two classes, but will, if applied within rating, interrupt all short circuit currents that may occur on the system. Fuses consist essentially of a fusible element and an arc-extinguishing means.C ircuit breakers and disconnect switches should not be blown open or otherwise damaged by short circuit currents within their short time ratings.The circuit breakers and disconnecting switches should be designed or protected to withstand normal operating voltages across the device in the open position.6 Means of Reactive Power CompensationT he capacitance of a line has two related voltage effects.One is the rise in voltage along the line resulting from the capacitive current of the line flowing through the line inductance.The second effect is the rise in voltage resulting from the capacitive current of the line flowing through the source impedance.These effects are corrected by the generator voltage regulators.If the line delivers too much charging current, the generator field excitation will become very low which reduces the stability limit and is unacceptable.These voltages can be reduced by the application of shunt reactors.The degree of compensation provided by a reactor is usually quantified by the percentage of the line capacitance that is compensated.The percent shunt compensation of EHV lines in service ranges from 0% to 90% with the reactors located in the substations at one or both ends of the line.The basic purpose of a shunt capacitor bank is to increase the local circuit voltage or improve the load power factor carried by the circuit.Many large capacitor banks are switched on and off as the system need for reactive kilovolt amperes changes.System requirements govern whether a certain bank should or should notbe switched.If the voltage at the capacitor would be too high during knight load, some or all of the capacitors are switched off.Very large banks are usually switched in steps.This procedure has the disadvantage of requiring more switches and thus increasing the total equipment cost per kilovar. It, however, provide a means of keeping the voltage change per step within permissible limits.A synchronous condenser is nothing more than a synchronous machine running at synchronous speed witch no mechanical load.The condenser has a control circuit that controls the field excitation to provide voltage control.When the system voltage starts to fall below the desired values, the control circuit will automatically increase the field excitation which causes the synchronous condenser to supply vats to the system. This will increase the system voltage at the point.7 Overvoltage and Insulation CoordinationA n area of critical importance in the design of power system is the consideration of the insulation requirements for lines, cables and stations.W hen lightning strikes a phase conductor of transmission line, the current of the lightning stroke will encounter the surge impedance of the conductor so that overvoltage will be built up and propagate to the substation along the transmission line in wave form.This type of overvoltage is called lightning incoming wave.It will danger electric equipment in substations.Insulation coordination is the process of determining the proper impulse insulation level and switching insulation level required in various electrical equipments together with the proper surge arrester. This process is determined from the known surge characteristics of equipment and the characteristics of surge arresters.8 GroundingGrounding in power system is for the purpose of operation consideration, lightning proof and safety of personnel and equipment. Grounding means connecting to a low resistance earth electrode or an excellent earthing system. Theearthing installations must have a current-carrying capacity sufficient to deal with the maximum fault currents, and a grounding resistance low enough to prevent a dangerous voltage appearing between any points which a man could reach simultaneously. The earthing arrangements should also be such as to ensure that, under fault conditions, the lowest practical voltage appears between earthed points of the equipment and the main body of the earth, so that insulation breakdown or burning does not occur on equipment which is earthed. During a fault, the flow of current to earth will result in voltage gradients on the surface within and around a substation. Unless proper precautions are taken, the voltage differences along the ground may be great enough to endanger a person walking there. In addition, such voltage differences can sometimes exist.Between“grounded” structures or equipment frames and the nearby earth. As a result of these concerns, it is common practice for substations to have an electrical ground system consisting of a gird of horizontal and buried conductor.中文译文：电力系统1 电力的技术特点电力具有独特的技术特点，这使得电力工业具有独特的行业特点。
机电工程专业英语翻译
AC motors are the most inexpensive solution to continuous rotary motion ,and there are a variety of torque-speed curves to suit various load applications.They are limited to a few speeds ,which are a function of the 60 Hz AC line frequency .The most common AC motor speeds are 1725 and 3450 revolutions per minute (RPM),which represent some slippage from the more expensive synchronous AC motor speeds of 1800 and 3600 rpm ..If other speeds are needed ,a gearbox speed reducer is attached to the motor's output shaft交流电机是最廉价的解决方案，连续旋转运动，并有各种各样的转矩-转速曲线适合各种应用。
他们有限的几个速度，这是一个功能的60赫兹交流电的频率。
最常见的交流电机的速度是1725和3450每分钟转速（转），其中一些代表延误更昂贵的同步交流电机的速度1800和3600转每分钟。
如果其他速度是必要的，一个齿轮箱减速器连接在电机的输出轴。
机电专业英语怎么说
机电专业英语怎么说你知道机电专业的英语怎么说吗?下面一起来看看吧。
机电专业的英文释义：electromechanical major机电专业的英文例句：在本文的研究过程中，运用规模经济的思想指出了机电专业市场基础设施建设的必要性与可行性;In studying process, after applying the scale economy, the author pointed out thenecessity and possibility of machine specialized market;据悉，技术学院共有550名符合条件的学生报名，主要涉及综采、综掘和机电专业。
It is reported that a total of 550 College students eligible enrollment, mainlyrelated to mechanized mining, mechanized excavation and electrical professional.本人毕业于上海交通大学，具有良好的船舶机电知识功底，在校期间研习了机电专业的英语，立志成为优秀的专业翻译人才。
I graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University , and have rich knowledge of shipelectroce - machine. I studied specialized English about my major. I want to be aoutstanding translator.虽然我学的是机电专业，但这机器还是很难修。
I major in engineering, but this machine is hard to handle.本文概括了高校毕业生就业状况，总结了当前人才供求市场的新变化、新特点，并分析现阶段影响职业院校机电专业学生就业形势的内在因素。
机械设计专业术语的英语翻译
安全系数 safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷 safe load包角 angle of contact比例尺 scale比热容 specific heat capacity表面质量系数 superficial mass factor表面传热系数 surface coefficient of heat transfer表面粗糙度 surface roughness残余应力 residual stress齿宽 face width齿轮 gear带传动 belt driving当量载荷 equivalent load刀具 cutter导程 lead等效力 equivalent force低副 lower pair（疲劳）点蚀 pitting垫圈 gasket动力粘度 dynamic viscosity动压力 dynamic reaction动载荷 dynamic load端面 transverse plane锻造 forge对称循环应力 symmetry circulating stress额定寿命 rating life额定载荷 load rating法面参数 normal parameters法面模数 normal module法向齿廓 normal tooth profile防振装置 shockproof device分度圆 reference circle; standard (cutting) pitch circle复合轮系 compound (or combined) gear train高副 higher pair功 work工况系数 application factor工艺设计 technological design工作阻力矩 effective resistance moment公法线 common normal line功率 power功能分析设计 function analyses design构件 link鼓风机 blower惯性力 inertia force 滚动体 rolling element滚针 needle roller滚子 roller滚子从动件 roller follower滚子链 roller chain 合力矩 resultant moment of force横坐标 abscissa滑块 slider机电一体化系统设计 mechanical-electrical integration system design机构 mechanism机构综合 synthesis of mechanism机器人操作器 manipulator机器人学 robotics技术经济评价 technical and economic evaluation机械 machinery机械创新设计 mechanical creation design, MCD机械系统设计 mechanical system design, MSD 机械动力分析 dynamic analysis of machinery机械动力设计 dynamic design of machinery机械动力学 dynamics of machinery机械的现代设计 modern machine design机械系统 mechanical system机械手 manipulator机械设计 machine design; mechanical design机械特性 mechanical behavior机械效率 mechanical efficiency机械原理 theory of machines and mechanisms基圆压力角 pressure angle of base circle节距 circular pitch; pitch of teeth节圆 pitch circle圆锥 pitch cone径向游隙 radial internal clearance径向载荷系数 radial load factor静平衡 static balance绝对运动 absolute motion抗压强度 compression strength空间机构 spatial mechanism空间连杆机构 spatial linkage力偶矩 moment of couple连杆 connecting rod, coupler连杆机构 linkage链传动装置 chain gearing轮系 gear train螺纹 thread (of a screw)螺旋副 helical pair螺旋机构 screw mechanism脉动载荷 fluctuating load密封带 seal belt摩擦力矩 friction moment摩擦系数 coefficient of friction摩擦圆 friction circle疲劳强度 fatigue strength偏心质量 eccentric mass偏距圆 offset circle偏心盘 eccentric曲轴 crank shaft驱动力 driving force驱动力矩 driving moment (torque)输出力矩 output torque输出轴 output shaft输入构件 input link顺时针 clockwise瞬心 instantaneous center死点 dead point四杆机构 four-bar linkage速度 velocity特性 characteristics调心球轴承 self-aligning ball bearing凸轮倒置机构 inverse cam mechanism凸轮机构 cam , cam mechanism凸缘联轴器 flange coupling退刀槽 tool withdrawal groove蜗杆 worm蜗杆传动机构 worm gearing蜗杆头数 number of threads蜗轮 worm gear小齿轮 pinion斜齿轮的当量直齿轮 equivalent spur gear of the helical gear心轴 spindle行星轮系 planetary gear train虚约束 redundant (or passive) constraint许用应力 allowable stress; permissible stress移动副 prismatic pair, sliding pair应力—应变图 stress-strain diagram优化设计 optimal design原动机 prime mover圆柱滚子轴承 cylindrical roller bearing圆柱副 cylindric pair圆柱凸轮 cylindrical cam圆柱蜗杆 cylindrical worm圆锥滚子轴承 tapered roller bearing原动件 driving link约束 constraint约束条件 constraint condition约束反力 constraining force运动副 kinematic pair 运动构件 moving link运动简图 kinematic sketch运动周期 cycle of motion运动粘度 kenematic viscosity载荷 load载荷—变形曲线 load—deformation curve 载荷—变形图 load—deformation diagram直齿圆柱齿轮 spur gear直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear直角坐标操作器 Cartesian coordinate manipulator直径系数 diametral quotient轴 shaft轴承盖 bearing cup轴承内径 bearing bore diameter轴承寿命 bearing life轴瓦、轴承衬 bearing bush轴端挡圈 shaft end ring轴向当量动载荷 dynamic equivalent axial load轴向当量静载荷 static equivalent axial load轴向基本额定动载荷 basic dynamic axial load rating轴向基本额定静载荷 basic static axial load rating轴向载荷 axial load轴向载荷系数 axial load factor主动件 driving link主动齿轮 driving gear主动带轮 driving pulley转动导杆机构 whitworth mechanism转轴 revolving shaft锥齿轮 bevel gear锥齿轮的当量直齿轮 equivalent spur gear of the bevel gear子程序 subroutine 子机构 sub-mechanism自动化 automation自锁 self-locking自锁条件 condition of self-locking 自由度 degree of freedom, mobility总重合度 total contact ratio总反力 resultant force总效率 combined efficiency; overall efficiency组成原理 theory of constitution组合齿形 composite tooth form组合安装 stack mounting组合机构 combined mechanism阻抗力 resistance最大盈亏功 maximum difference work between plus and minus work纵向重合度 overlap contact ratio纵坐标 ordinate组合机构 combined mechanism最少齿数 minimum teeth number最小向径 minimum radius作用力 applied force坐标系 coordinate frame。
机电专业英语翻译【李维版】[完整版]上海大学
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机电英语翻译【李维完整版】{上海大学}该文档是李维版上海大学机电英语翻译复习资料，请同学们正确使用该文档，打印出该文档，可以用于晨读，以做好充分的考前复习1.the skills included in the field of mechanical engineering2.the first toolmakers who chipped arrows and spears from rock3.the forerunners of modern mechanical engineers4.the ancestors of mining and metallurgical engineers5.the skilled technicians who devised irrigation systems6.erect the marvelous buildings of ancient world7.theoretical science such as physics and mathematics8.make practical application of theoretical science9.empirical information depended on observation and experience10.t he mathematical ability of calculate the mechanical advantage11.t he complex interection of many different machnisms12.p utting water and steam to work13.t he number of scientific and engineering specialities14.s anitary or environmental engineering15.t he study of water supply purification sewer systems16.i ndustry engineering17.a person who operates or maintains machine18.l abor was divided up according to skill19.t o work at highly specialized job20.b etter, more efficient mass-production techniques21.m ake highly efficient use of energy22.c reative planning to meet some special human need23.p roduct should work properly(functional requirement)24.p roduct must be made of the correct material(material requirement)25.p roduct should be pleasing to look at(visual requirement)26.c ost,durability and strength27.d esign elements and principles28.t o display color and texture29.u nity,variety,proportion and balance30.s tainless steel31.m aterial resouces32.h uman resouces33.c apital resouces34.m ass-production of high-quality goods35.r esearch and development36.p roduction tooling37.p roduction planning and control38.q uality control39.p ersonnel management40.m anufacturing41.m arketing42.c utting,forming,fastening,,surface finishing43.m illing fixtures44.l athe fixtures45.g rinding fixtures46.a ssembly fixtures47.和37重复48.r outing49.scheduling50.dispatching51.plant layout52.a route sheet53.a bill of materials54.to meet certain standards55.prevent defective articles from reaching the market56.this allowance is called the tolerance57.make sure products meet the sperifications58.purchased material or parts59.finished products60.market research, advertising, packaging61.distributing,selling and servicing62.agile manufacturing63.lean production64.flexible manufacturing65.massive transformations66.business processes67.flattening hierarchies68.to achieve a competitive lead69.to exploit a fundermental resource-knowledge70.market opportunities71.have some core skills or competencies72.joint venture enterprises73.virtual corporations74.rapidly responding to changes in customer demand75.customers and suppliers76.systematic methods of analysis and synthesis77.the initial creative phase of problem solving78.to solve detailed problems79.to requires careful detective work80.the ability to make a realistic assessment of what is technologically feasible81.a feel for color ,form, texture and proportion82.to understand the structure of the design process83.expertise is required in many different disciplines84.to remain competitive85.new knowledge about advances in all fields of engineering and science86.original design ,adaptive design ,scaled design87.five basic steps88.task definition89.conceptual designyout design91.detail design92.design follow-up93.the functional relationship of components and physical structure94.more accurate feasibility and cost estimates95.optimize utilization of an organization’s resources96.continually subject designs to value analysis97.to reduce cost with an equal or increased level of quality98.conception,design,development,refinement and application99.understanding of the underlying sciences100.more intensive scientific research101.empirical information and professional judgement102.the professional nature of the subject103.a more sophisticated knowledge of the underlying technology 104.a more effective and economical ultilization of existing production technology105.a more pleasing esthetic apperance106.stress-strain-strength relationships107.friction,lubrication,wear and environmental deterioration 108.describe the size and shape of each part109.the process of making drawings110.drafting communicates facts and ideas111.a visible line is a thick solid line112.visible line113.be used to show the outline of an subject114.a hidden line is a thin dashed line115.a dimension line116.a thin line that shows the extent of a dimension117.an extension line118.thin line that extends out from the object119.extension line is used with a dimension line120.a leader121.a thin line that points out the part to which a dimension or note refers122.center line123.a thin line that consists of alternating long and short dashes 124.a cutting plane line125.either long dashes126.long dashes separated by two short dashes127.a cutting plane line128.an imaginary cut through an object129.section line are thin parallel lines130.section line and section view131.cut surfaces132.section line are drawn at an angle133.break line134.part of an object has been removed135.phantom line136.a thin line used to draw alternate positions for a part137.orthographic138.place the views at right angles to one another 139.projection140.flat surfaces or plane141.show the parts of an object142.every object has six views143.a top and a bottom144.a front and a back145.a right and a left146.determine the scale and paper size needed 147.section view148.show interior or hidden details of objects149.overall size,size dimensions,location dimensions 150.extension line,dimension line and dimension text 151.working drawings152.assembly drawings153.exploded assembly drawings154.physical and mechanical properties155.good conductors of electricity and heat156.the properties of metals are due to their structure 157.hardness158.resists penetration,wear,cutting and scratching 159.tensile strength160.resists stretching161.ductility162.easy to form without tearing or rupturing163.toughness164.resists shock and impact,not brittle165.elasticity166.resists bendingpressive strength168.resists squeezing169.fatigue strength170.resists fracturing171.pure metals and alloys172.steel is an alloy of iron and carbon173.high-carbon steel, medium carbon steel,low-carbon steel 174.tool steel and special steel175.metallurgical is the science of making metals and alloys for practical use176. ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal177.steel,copper,nickel,lead,aluminum,gold,silver178.basic elements used in making cast iron,wrought iron and steel 179.metals to be used by industries180.bars,sheets,plates and other forms181.squeezed between rollers which red hot182.such metals have bluish scale on the surface183.hot-rolled steel and cold-rolled steel184.copper is reddish brown185.sheets,tubes,or rods in a variety of sizes186.brass is an alloy of copper and zinc187. 90 percent copper and 10 percent zinc188.aluminum is silver-white,is remarkably light and is easily worked189.heating and cooling metal190.the process to change the properties of metals191.heat treatment192.drilling and boring,turing,planning,milling and grinding193.a rotating offset single-point tool194.a rotating cutting tool which has multiple cutting-edges195.a variety of combinations of flat and curved surfaces196.the travel path of the tool197.to correct distortions that may have resulted from heat treatment198.the most useful and versatile machines199.the headstock and tailstock at opposite ends of a bed200.a tool-post which holds the cutting tool201.saddle or carriage202.move sidewards as well as along203.stress204.bending or twisting205.driving206.gear mechnism207.spindle which holds the workpiece208.a feed-shaft from the headstock209.drive the tool-post alone the saddle210.to control the speed of rotation of the shaft211.to control the speed of the forward or backward movement of the tool-post212.various types of chucks213.lead-screw is a long screwed shaft214.to drive the tool-post forwards along the saddle at correct speed215.to alter the ratio of spindle and lead-screw speeds216.to alter the pitch of the threadsser light can be made extreamly intense and highly directional218.solid state laser,gas laser,semiconductor laser219.highest power output220.to generate a burst of light over a short timeser machining222.an intense hight directional coherent monochromatic beam of light223.to be focused on a small spot with enormous power density 224.in a precise manner225.readily heat,melt or vaporize material226.gas welding, arc welding, resistance weldingser welding228.to receive a set of instructions or program229.to carry out programs by performing calculations on numerical datapiling and correcting other forms of information231.the mathematical similarity between physical interrelationships in certain problems232.analog computers and digital computers233.to simulate the physical problem234.to solve problems by dealing with each number digit by digit 235.lengths of specially calibrated scales236.multiplication division and other functions237.specially designed circuit elements238.to determine a switch or gate239.open or closed240.the amount of date handled during each cycleputer speed and and calculating power are further enhanced242.the instruction sequence to be used to solve a problem243.a computer with program storage244.the instructions were stored within a so-called memory245.the use of the the transistor in computers246.smaller,faster and more versatile logical elements247.further reduction in price,size and failure rate248.the large scale integrated circuit249.the very large scale integrated circuit250.a group of eight bits is called a byte251.each byte containing 256 possible patterns of Ons and OFFs 252.each pattern is the equivalent of an instruction,a part of an instruction253.a particular type of datum254.a number,or a character or a graphics symbol255.the complete collection of recognizable patterns256.the total list of operations of which a computer is capable 257.instruction set258.cost and performance259.microcomputer,workstation,minicomputer,mainframe computer260.enhance graphics and communications capabilities261.microcomputer262.a digital computer263.a system composed of five distinct elements264.a central processing unit265.input devices266.memory storage devices267.output devices268.a communication network called a bus269.perform arithmetic calculations270.perform logical calculations271.to time and control the operations of the other elements of the system272.miniaturization and integration techniques273.a microprocessor which incorporates additional circuitry and memory274.the registers are temporary storage areas275.to hold data276.to keep track of instructions277.to hold the location and results of these operations278.interrupt unit279.the order in which individual operations use the CPU280.the regulate the amount of CPU time that each operation may consume281.control bus, address bus and data busrmation typed at the keyboard283.recognizable patterns284.physical motion of the mouse285.motion on a computer video display screen286.electronic patterns that the computer can manipulate and store287.spoken words288.digital signals for the comouter289.Random Access Memory290.a million switched that are sensitive to changes in electric currentmands,datas or programs that computer needs to function 292.charges on a magnetically sensitive medium293.store data294.a disk coated with a fine layer of metallic particles295.to translate digital signals into analog signals296.s modem297.to translate digital signals into analog signals298.data can be transmitted via telecommunicatims299.different types of peripheral devices of comouter300.to handle and store data301.data flows from dissimilar sources302.operating system303.master control program304.to interpret user commands requesting various kinds of services305.execute a particular program306.a program is a sequence of instructions307.the operating instructions are embedded in their circuity 308.general-purpose computer309.to depend on external programs to perform useful tasks310:to include a wide range of applications programs311:a particular pattern of binary digital information312:machine language313:binary-based language314:the time saved in running the program315:to shorten and simplify the programming process316:three-letter mnemonic code317:machine-language command318:assembly-language programs319:symbolic operands320:to execute the program321:high-level languages322:to translate commands into machine-language instructions 323:a simplified programming language324:to calculate involved complex mathematical formulas 325:BASIC is simple to learn and easy to use326:be widely used in developing systems programs327:one ongoing trend in computer development328:to compress more circuit elements329:smaller and smaller chip space330:a network of computers331:communications332: groups of computers that are interconnected333:to solve complex problems in creative ways334:one path actively being explored335:parallel processing computers336:molecular computers337:computer-aided technologies, its present state and its future 338:the role of computer in product design339:the role of computer in machine operation340:the role of computer in workpiece inspection341:process control computer342:factory data acquisition343:quality control344:monitoring of machine functions345:the basic data acquired from the production floor346:the foundation for the management information system 347:hierarchical computer control system348:direct numerical control349:planning,scheduling and programming350:the execution of machining operations351:a computer at an upper hierarchical level352:a computer at a lower hierarchical level353:real-time capabilities354:interactive computer aided design(CAD ) activities355:conventional design methods356:complex assembly tasks357:the advanced sensors and vision systems that are needed 358:to do automatic process planning359:to implement a production schedule360:data from the machining operation and material movement 361:to perform automatic process adjustments362:storage and process buffers363:the supply of the raw material364:be initiated and supervised by the computer365:a hierarchy of interconnected computers366:repetitive short-range planning and control work367:the computer is capable of handling routine work economically 368:computer integrated manufacturing369:advanced manufacturing concepts370:to transform purchased materials into product371:design and specification activities372:a bill of materials which is produced by product design373:a sales forecast which is provided by marketing374:the product’s bill of materials375:process design information376:be provided to accounting for cost calculations377:无378:in the format required379:computer aided design380:to create, store, modify, analysis and transfer an engineering design381:computer aided manufacturing382:the physical operations of a manufacturing facility 383:flexible manufacturing systems384:computer integrated production planning control 385:products,resource,material,labour and demand data 386:the optimal control of production operations 387:artificial intelligence388:the ability to demonstrate intelligent behavior 389:mind or intelligence390:intuitive reasoning and induction391: expert systems(knowledge-based expert programs) 392:questions within a specific domain393:medical diagnoses and mineral prospecting394:speech understanding395:vision interpretation396:natural-language processing397:problem solving398:learning399:as research vehicles400:specific, practical applications401:to receive input from its environment402:to determine an action or response403:to deliver an output to its environment404:techniques of expert reasoning405:techniques of common-sense reasoning406:techniques of signal interpretation and learning407:to construct an effective response408:facts and rules(declarative knowledge)409:decision-making algorithms (procedural knowledge)410:the way that scientists approach problems411:the engineering techniques used to produce AI systems412:very precise or delicate movements413:much more difficult problems of programming sequences of movements414:enable a robot to interact effectively with a natural environment 415.adapt to real-life circumstances416. first-generation robot417. a sequence of manipulative actions418. precise workpiece positioning419.increase in productivity and quality of product and work life 420.material handling, quality control, and assembly421.both cost and performance criteria422.the motions of each degree-of-freedom in a cooperative manner 423.smooth motions of the end-effector along predetermined paths 424.workpiece in motion along an assembly line425.force, torque, and proximity sensors426.provide some degree of adaptability to the robots’ environment 427.spot welding ,paint spraying, arc welding and some assembly 428.the incorporation of multiple computer processors429.a separate low-level processor for each degree of freedom 430.master computer supervising and coordinating these processors 431.each low-level processor receives internal sensory signals432.positon and velocity433.the servosystem controlling each degree-of-freedom434.to coordinate the actions of each degree-of-freedom435.to perform coordinate transformation calculations436.distributed hierarchical processing437.the mechanical design of an industrial robot438.application of engineering expertise in a variety of areas439.machine design, structures design, and mechanical control, and electrical engineering440.robot design decisions441.design specifications442.number of joints , size443.load capacity ,and speed444. to meet general performance criteria445.to perform specific tasks446.manipulator bearing ,shafts, links447.other structural elements448.strength and stiffness449.meet work envelope requirements450.meet mechanical accuracy requirements451.worst case or average case452.gravity and acceleration torques453.loads454.gear tooth load455.gear tooth load limits in bending456.gear tooth load limits in surface stress457.life under estimated loads458. to meet structural requirements459.deflection limits460.clearance bores for cables or air lines461.links462. to provide the required work range463.a loaded deflection464. the accuracy specification465.looking through catalogs for appropriate components 466.available and appropriately priced standard hardware 467.designing and building the manipulator468.dynamic performance469.manipultaor with unpredictable dynamic performance 470.general motion capability471. to perform the widest variety of tasks472.a specific set of tasks473.a specific set of tasks in mind474.reach ,work envelope requirements475.reorientation requirements476.task specifications for reach ,work envelope477.reorientation478.overall size479.number of degree of freedom480.basic configuration481. controlled-path motion for arc welding482.continuous-path motion for spray painting483.absolute positioning for CAM-based assembly484.repeatability for materials handling485.fine resolution for precise, real-time sensor-based motion 486.evaluating an existing or evolving designpilation of lists of features to be considered488.defining the rang of tasks for which the robot is to be buit 489.feature specifications490.tasks of widely varying description491.robot configuration492.detailed consideration493.sizing of the most important system components494.evaluation of dynamic system performance495.detailed drawings496.to check out the design by building a very simple mockup 497.to discover and solve problems498.automated teller machine499.banking transactions500.to withdraw cash, make deposits, check account balances501.to transfer funds between savings and checking accounts502.to hope simply to reduce their operating costs by replacing human tellers with machines503.get cash at airports, office building, shopping malls, supermarkets, and other sites504.lettering and embossed numbers on the card505.identify the cardholder and the issuing bank506.on the back of the cash card, a magnetic strip carries coded data 507.the cardholder’s personal identification number, bank account number508.a number that identifies the issuing bank509.the strip is made of plastic510.coated with metallic particles magnetic512.form a pattern that stores the card’s numerical data513.an electromagnetic device called a card render514.scan the magnetic strip on the card515.convert the data coded on it into electrical signals516.a receipt indicating the amount of the transaction and its date and time517.the new balance in the cardholder’s bank account518.gear ,levers, rotors, and other mechanical parts519.tiny robots designed to perform specific functions520. mechanical principles such as friction ,wear, and lubrication521.Electronic detectors called sensors522.Actuators and sensors523. mechanical parts that do work524. mainpulating tiny objects, such as individual cells under a microscope525.The production of silicon microchips526.A procedure called microlithography527.(to create) microdevices from silicon528.Mass-produce529.Silicon’s mechanical and electronic properties530.Electronic devices531.Integrated devices532. solve several fundamental problems533. friction, air resistance ,electrical charge ,wear534. the behaviour of fluids535. micromachines that would have to withstand harsh environments536.Measuring everything from ---to the moment-by-moment position of the crankshaft537.Keep track of all of a vehicle’s temperatures, pressures538.airflow539 .Mechanical motions540.Other operating factors541.Medical microsensors542. Measure blood pressure inside patients’ heart543. Precision and sensitivity exceeding that of the human senses 544.‘see’ ’hear ’’feel’ ’taste’ and ‘smell’ the world545.Widely distributed sensors546.Continuously gather data about …547.The temperature of vats548.The flow of fluids through pipes549. Pressure in tanks550. Progress of chemical reactionsputer-based worldwide information network552.To share information with each other and to share various resources553.Powerful supercomputers554.Databases of information555.To effectively and inexpensively communication with each other 556.Sell products with a minimum overhead cost557.A set of programs, standards and protocols558.The way in witch multimedia files are created and displayed 559. Text, photographs, graphics, video and audio560.Provide access to complex databases561.Financial databases562.Carry out commerce online563.Advertising, selling, buying, distributing products564.Providing after-sales services565.Voice and video conferencing566.A client-sensor relationship between computers567.The client computer’s host network568.Request information from a remote sever569.Determines the best connection path between net works 570.router571.Determines the best connection path between net works 572.A device that helps networks to make connections573.The client computer574.The server containing the requested information575.Sends the information to the client in the form of a file576.A special computer program called a browser577.Text ,graphics ,photographs ,audio and video578.Retrieving files from a remote sensor to the users terminal 579.The process of downloading580.Dedicated access581.The computer is directly connected to the Internet via a router 582.Dial-up access583.Connects to the Internet over a telephone line584.modem585.Modem----a device that converts signals586.The electrical signals from a computer587.Signals that can be transmitted over traditional telephone lines 588.Provide dial-up access to the Internet589.To be part of the Internet590.A unique Internet Protocol network address591.Internet address are called URLs (uniform resource locator) 592.URLs are a string of numbers593.The Internet has affected scientific, personal and business communications594.Prime movers595.Chemical / heat (thermal) / atomic / mechanical energy596.Mechanical advantage597.Mechanical energy598.Fluid-power machines599.Electronic motors600.Hydraulic pumps and fluid motors601.lever602.Wheel and axle603.Pully and blocks604. wedge605.linkages606.Pin connections607.Sliding joints608.The number of links609.The number of joints610. To describe the relative positions of the links611.A four-bar linkage612.One degree of freedom613.two degrees of freedom614.Constrained motion615.Performing a useful mechanical function616.Fixed / input(drive) / connecting / output(follower) links 617.A different input-output relationshipplete revolutions619. Rotates at a constant speed620.Rotate in the same direction at a varying speed621.Rotating counterclockwise at a uniform rate622 crank-rocker mechanism623 slider-crank mechanism624 producing oscillatory motion625 quick-return devices626 the initial position and the extreme positions627 describing, analyzing, and synthesizing the linkages628 graphical and analytical methods629 the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the links 630 performance characteristics631 Space linkages632 kinematic “pairs”633 the cylindrical pair, the spherical pair and the screw pair 634 internal gear and external gears635 driving gear and driven gears636 spur gears, bevel gears and helical gears637 pinion and rack638 involute profiles, cycloidal profiles and circular profiles 639 gear trains640 gear reducers641 worm and worm gear642 planetary gears643 differential gears644 non-circular gears645 spiral bevel gears646 hypoid gears647 gear axis648 gear box649 gear reducer650 the pitch circles651 uniform velocity ratio652 cam653 follower654 cam-follower mechanisms655 reciprocating followers656 oscillating followers657 belt drives658 flat belts and V belts659 belt thickness。
机械设计及其自动化专业英语翻译23到28单元
Unit 23 what is “Mechatronics”?“Mechatronics” is a term coined by the Japanese to describe the in tegration of mechanical and electronic engineering .The concept may s eem to be anything but new, since we can look around us and see a myriad of products that utilize both Mechanical and electronic discipl ines .Mechatronics , however , specially refers to a multidisciplined, i ntegrated approach to product and manufacturing system design. It rep resents the next generation of machines, robots, and smart mechanisms necessary for carrying out work in a variety of environments-primaril y, factory automation, office automation, and home automation as sho wn in Fig.23.1.译文：“机电一体化“是一个有日本人描述机械和电子集成的合成术语。
这个概念看上去不再新颖，自从我们能观察四周和看到无数那些利用机械和电子学科的产品。
机电一体化，然而，特别是涉及到许多学科，结合方法去生产和制造系统设计。
他代表下一代机械，机器人和灵巧机构必须执行工作在各种环境，首要的，工厂自动化，办公自动化，家庭自动化如图23.1所示。
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P67传动轴是用于支撑滑轮和轮子使它们能够完成基本转动功能的机械零件。
传动轴有各种各样的形状和应用，它是由各种长度的金属棒料制成并且其表面被加工成一定的尺寸。
由于转轴承受载荷并传送动力，因此承受正在工作的机器零件的应力和应变。
为了使结构和操作安全经济，已经形成了标准化的程序来确定材料的特性和尺寸所需实心轴传动轴的正常形式是实心棒。
实心轴在工业上可以从圆的棒材获得，最大直径可达15cm，它是由热轧和冷拉制成或用直径余量为6mm或更小的棒料机械加工而成。
对于更大尺寸的轴，需要专门的轧制程序，而特大的轴是由钢锭锻造成合适的形状。
尤其是实心轴，轴被做成台阶状以使中间部分承受更大的强度，而在其端部轴承处直径最小。
台阶允许肩部在转子安装时将压在轴上的各种部件定位。
空心轴为了减少重量，实心传动轴被镗孔或钻孔或使用空心管和管材。
空心轴还允许内部支撑或让其他传动轴穿过其内部工作。
在喷气式飞机发动机内位于空气压缩器和燃气涡轮中间的主轴是空心的，允许有一个需要最小空间和重量的内部减速轴。
一个具有同样扭转强度的空心轴比实心轴的直径大，但重量轻。
由铸锭制造的大轴的轴心通常被镗出孔以.消除缺陷，而且也允许目测检查铸造裂纹。
P70联轴器是用来把相邻的两个轴端连接起来的装置，在机械结构中，联轴器被用来实现相邻的转轴之间的半永久性连接。
在机器的正常使用期间，这种连接一般不必拆开，这种意义上，可以说联轴器的连接是永久性的，但在紧急情况下，或者在更换已磨损的零件时，可以先把联轴器拆开，然后再联接上。
在把属于不同的设备（例如一个电动机和一个变速箱）的轴联接起来的时候，需要把这些轴精确的对准是比较困难的，此时可以采用弹性联轴器，这种联轴器联接轴的方式可以把由于被联接的轴之间的轴线的不重合所造成的有害影响减少到最低程度）。
弹性联轴器也允许被联接的轴在他们各自的载荷系统作用下产生偏斜或在轴线方向自由移动（浮动）而不互相干扰。
弹性联轴器也可以用来减轻从一根轴传到另一根轴上的冲击载荷和震动的强度。
电机中的转子有转动惯量，当电机启动时需要一个扭矩带动其运转到一定的速度。
如果电动机的轴与具有很大转动惯量的负载刚性地联接在一起，当合上开关使电机突然启动时，有可能在电动机没有来得及产生足够的的扭矩，使电动机的轴达到应有的转速前，电动机内的线圈就会因为过大的电流而被烧毁。
电机和负载轴之间的离合器会限制电机的启动转矩只到加速转子和离合器部件的所需数值。
P76干摩擦经过精细处理而去除了所有外界物质的金属元件，，当一起滑动时一个元件与另一个元件粘附或结合在一起。
表面若没有达到这样搞的清洁度，被吸附在接触表面的气体，水凝气，氧化物以及杂质会减少摩擦力和粘附的倾向，常导致严重的磨损，这称为“无润滑”或干摩擦。
边界润滑润滑状态介于干摩擦和油膜润滑之间的称为边界润滑，其润滑状态也可以指接触表面之间的摩擦力是由表面的性质、润滑油粘度之外的其它特性所决定的。
边界润滑在润滑中占相当大的比重并且通常发生在机器启动和制动阶段P78控制磨损带润滑的表面由于擦伤、腐蚀及固体与固体接触而发生磨损。
针对各种情况可采用适当的润滑剂。
润滑剂在相对滑移表面形成油膜，增加了两表面间的距离，从而减轻了擦伤及固体与固体接触而形成的磨损，这样降低了有研磨作用的杂质及表面的凹凸不平对表面的损害。
控制温度润滑剂通过减少摩擦并带走摩擦而产生的热量而起到控制温度的作用。
温控效果取决于润滑剂的量。
环境温度及其外部的冷却措施。
润滑剂的类型也在较小的程度上影响着润滑剂所在表面的温度。
防侵蚀润滑剂有控制表面被侵蚀的双重作用。
当设备闲置时，润滑剂起到保护的作用。
当设备工作时，润滑剂在待润滑的表面上形成一层可中和腐蚀性物质的防护性油膜从而起到防腐蚀的作用。
润滑剂对腐蚀的控制作用与润滑油膜的厚度有直接的关系，也和其化学成分有直接关系。
P82四冲程发动机由单独的油藏里的油来润滑的，油藏可以在发动机下的曲轴箱里或外部的油箱里。
在汽车发动机里，一个齿轮泵在低压条件下将油传输给轴承。
一些轴承可能由曲轴箱内的曲轴转动而溅起的底部油来润滑。
在二冲程发动机中，润滑油是和燃料混合的。
P85在交流电动机中，当绕组平面与磁场垂直时绕组上没有施加磁力。
因为当再次通电时，绕组受到切向力矩的作用而持续不断地转动在直流电动机中，一种称为开口环的换向器装置可以改变电流半周的流向，从而使轴的转动方向保持不变。
P87气缸和液压缸是线性的执行机构（缸内有活塞），它产生有限的行程，即通过输入有压力的流体来压缩空气或液压流体而产生直线运动输出。
如果你需要输入的是直线性的运动，这是一种选择的方法。
然而，它们有相同的高成本、低效率及复杂的因素，这些同前面所述的气压液压电动机是相同的。
P90在相同的重量下，安装在电子伺服电动机上的稀土元素永磁材料比磁性陶瓷材料磁化得更彻底。
因此达到相同磁力只需要更少的稀土元素材料，相反的，在相同容积相同重量下，稀土元素磁性材料能获得更大的磁力。
所以在具有相同速率的条件下，稀土元素伺服电动机比磁性陶瓷材料伺服电动机轻。
因为转子是电动机内转动的一部分，所以稀土元素伺服电动机的转动惯量更小。
P102在范成切削方法中，刀具的刀口具有齿轮（或齿条）的形状，且要切制的齿轮具有相同的模数和压力角。
刀具和轮胚之间的范成运动正如齿轮（刀具）和齿轮（要切制的）之间的运动。
在刀具和齿胚间加上切削运动，经过一系列的切削，齿廓就逐渐地形成了。
图5-6所示，用小齿轮形状的刀具的切割成型过程。
如果Z。
表示刀具的齿数，Z表示被加工齿轮的齿数，他们的传动比为：P106这里有不同种类的齿轮系。
在齿轮系中，如果所有的齿轮轴线是固定的，这叫做普通轮系或定轴轮系。
这（普通轮系）又可以进一步分为平行轴定轴轮系和非平行轴定轴轮系。
如果轮系中至少有一个轴绕着其它轴旋转，轮系就叫周转轮系。
P125在进气冲程，进气阀打开，曲轴旋转使活塞下行。
活塞的这种运动造成气缸内部的部分真空，使空气通过进气阀进去气缸“填补”真空。
当空气向着气缸移动时，它必须经过化油器，空气与油蒸汽混合。
这样，在进气冲程活塞下行时进入气缸的是空气和汽油蒸汽的混合物。
P132在压缩冲程，当在冲程进行到底部时进气阀关闭，活塞开始往上，此时将空气和燃料的混合气体挤压到气缸顶部一小块区域。
冲程在底部时的真空体积与冲程在顶部时的真空体积之比称为压缩比。
压缩比越高，发动机的动力和效率越高。
然而，为了适应空气净化装置，制造商不得不降低压缩比例。
双冲程发动机的机械构造比四冲程发动机简单。
双冲程发动机每两个冲程传输一次做功冲程，代替了每四个冲程传输一次做功冲程。
因此相同的位移它产生更多的动力，或者说传输相同的动力双冲程发动机更轻巧。
因为这个原因它通常应用在割草机，小型电锯，小型汽车，摩托车和舷外发动机中。
P152产品设计包括以下几个阶段1.草图2.产品样机3.样机测试4.设计校核与评估5.产品生产图纸P154零件和装配图纸大多数产品生产使用两种形式的图纸。
第一种是零件图，只标示一个零件和该零件生产需要的所有信息。
零件图包含的重要的信息包括：1.零件名称2.图纸号3.材料明细表4.零件定形定位尺寸5.尺寸和几何公差 6.最新修正的修正代码和日期7.关于生产加工中特殊处理的说明第二钟是装配图纸，图纸上显示最终装配体或子装配体中的几个零件。
装配图中包含的重要的信息包括：1.装配体名称2.装配图纸号3.各种材料及各种零件名称的明细表，通常列出各零件的图号4.装配体的尺寸和公差5.最新修正的修正代码和日期 6.关于装配体的特殊说明P204应力是材料内部呈现的抵抗变形的能力，应力通过外加载荷来度量。
应变是由应力产生的变形，应变用每厘米的变形大小来表示。
抗拉强度是金属抵抗外力要把它拉断的能力。
它是评价金属性能的比较重要的因素之一。
抗压强度是金属抵抗压碎的能力。
压力是张力的反方向外加负载。
大部分金属具有较高的抗张强度和较高的耐压强度。
但是，像铸铁这种脆金属虽有较高的耐压强度，却只有较中等的抗张强度。
抗弯强度是抵抗外加载荷造成构件沿载荷作用方向弯曲或挠曲的能力。
实际上弯曲应力是压力和张力的综合。
抗扭强度是金属抵抗外力造成构件扭转的能力。
抗剪强度指的是构件在两个大小相等，方向相反的力作用下，抵抗破损的能力大小。
P211无心外圆磨床运行不需要中心孔或夹紧装置。
在无心外圆磨床上，工件停在静止的刀形托板上，且被另一个称为导轮的轮子支撑着。
在刀形支撑上，砂轮推动工件向下，且靠在调节轮上。
调节轮经常用橡胶结合耐磨损材料做成。
旋转的方向与主动轮相同，同时当设置一个微小的倾斜角度时，能控制工件的纵向进给。
改变这个角度和砂轮的速度，工件的进给速率也能改变。
典型的无心外圆磨床运转如图V-2-3所示P218主轴箱：主轴箱是动力末端，位于操作人员的左侧。
它包括变速齿轮和旋转的驱动轴，附带几种形式的工件夹具中的一种。
转动轴是空心的，长棒料可以放进主轴的内孔来加工。
尾座：尾座是不能旋转的，但在坚硬的轨道上它能够左右移动以适应工件的长度，它还能有一定的偏移来切削出小的锥度。
P315航空及航天设备—飞机及航天设备上大量使用运载信息的导线。
用玻璃纤维替换金属导线增加了可靠性，并且通过减少整体重量，有助于降低燃料消费。
汽车--一般的汽车内约有80个灯泡。
替换任何其中的任何一个都很艰难。
通用电器最近宣布了将使用只有一盏灯的汽车系统，该照明系统的灯明亮，极为可靠，集光，无灯丝，该灯的光通过光导纤维连接被分布到所有80个点位。
P316医疗—光导纤维设备例如纤维镜和内窥镜通过插入微小的光导纤维管子进入身体可以让医生观察患者器官和组织。
这些设备日益在医学领域得到应用，对患者进行各种各样病症的诊断和治疗。
媒体—在有线电视产业，人们已经认识到了玻璃纤维的益处并且正在许多装置上加以使用。
在网络中，以往人们习惯于使用卫星进行长途传输，目前正在进行用纤维光学电缆连接的尝试。
除了其他的益处，纤维缆绳像卫星一样不会被不利天气情况所影响。