鼓式制动器英文
汽修中常见部件英文缩写
汽车维修当中，经常碰到汽车英语，我们一直很难搞明白，现在分享一些给大家收藏哦。
玻璃升降器WINDOW GLASS LIFTER横拉杆总成TIE ROD ASSY尾门撑杆BACK DOOR STAY ASSY机油塞OIL PRESSURE SENSOR水温塞WATER TEMPERATURE SENSOR全车锁DOOR LOCK ASSY化油器修理包CARBUTOR REPAIR FITTING直拉杆总成DRAG LINK ASSY机油泵OILD PUMP汽油泵FUEL PUMP节温塞THERMOSTAT SENSOR 大修包COMPLETE GASKET SET 汽缸垫GASKET水泵WATER PUMP活塞环PISTON RING上球头BALL JOINT-UPPER离合器压板CLUTCH COVER ASSY 横拉杆球头TIE ROD JOINT付邦呔IDLER ARM缸套CYLINDER LINER活塞PISTON十字接头，万向接头UNIVERSAL JOINT 下球头BALL JOINT-LOWER分火线DISTRIBUTOR时规链条TIMING CHAIN主邦呔PITMAN ARM汽门导管VALVE GUIDE进汽门（口）INLET VALVE（PORT）分火盖DISTRIBUTOR CAP悬挂臂FORK ARM刹车总泵BRAKE MASTER CYLINDER时规修理包TIMING REPAIR FITTING离合器总泵CLUTCH MASTER CYLINDER 离合器分泵CLUTCH SLAVE CYLINDER 中间横拉杆CENTER LINK ASSY减震器ABSORBER链顶TENSION刹车分泵BRAKE WHEEL CYLINDER石棉ASBESTOS传感器SENSOR避震机顶胶RUBBER BUSHING电子控制装置ECU绝热HEAT ISOLATING时规链挡板CHAIN GUIDE点火分电器机油滤清器OIL FILTER导轨RAIL四冲程发动机循环FOUR-STROKE ENGINE CYCLE 排汽门（口）EXHAUST VALVE（PORT）燃油箱FUEL TANK曲轴CRANKSHAFT压缩COMPRESS进汽歧管INTAKE MANIFOLD火花塞SPARK PLUG摇臂罩ROCKER ARM COVER连杆CONNECTING ROD燃烧室COMBUSTION CHAMBER 齿圈RING GEAR膨胀EXPANSION飞轮FLYING WHEEL凸轮轴室CAMSHAFT HOUSING 销PIN曲轴带轮CRANKSHAFT PULLEY机体ENGINE BLOCK汽缸盖CYLINDER HEAD正时齿轮盖TIMING COVER凸轮链轮CAMSHAFT SPROKET辅助驱动轴ACCESSORY DRIVE SHAFT 油底壳SUMP曲轴箱CRANK CASE汽门弹簧VALVE SPRING螺栓BOLT吸油管OIL PICKUP PIPE滤网STRAINER正时带TIMING BELT衬垫GASKET垫片WASHER后主轴承REAR MAIN BEARING 油底壳衬垫雨刷WIPER BLADE汽门阀座VALVE SEAT碟式DISCS鼓式DRUMS弹簧SRPING弄ALLEY巷LANE凸轮CAM手动变速MT无级变速CVT程序控制燃油喷射PGM-FI可变气门正时及升程电子控制VTEC 可变正时控制VTC顶置单凸轮轴SOHC顶置双凸轮轴DOHC智能安全带辅助装置I-SRS防抱死系统ABS智能式牵引力控制系统TCS 电子制动力分配装置EBD可变气门正时系统S-VT动态稳定控制系统DSC手动MT自动AT前轮驱动FWD全时四轮驱动AWD电控多点燃油喷射发动机MPI 发动机型式ENGINE TYPE排量DISPLACEMENT缸径CYLINDER BORE行程STROKE最大功率MAX. OUTPUT扭距TORQUE变速器TRANSMISSION最高速度MAS. SPEED油耗FUEL CONSUMPTION真空助力器VACUUM BOOSTER动力转向器POWER STEERING GEAR 前悬架FRONT SUSPENSION传动轴DRIVE SHAFT盘式制动器CALIPER DISC BRAKE车身BODY内饰件INTERIOR TRIM PARTS后悬架REAR SUSPENSION鼓式制动器DRUM BRAKE正时齿形带护罩TIMING TOOTHES BELT SHIELD空调压缩机A/C COMPRESSOR空调压缩机带轮MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, A/C COMPRESSOR 多楔带MULTI-WEDGE BELT曲轴带轮MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, CRANKSHAFT张紧轮TENSIONER发电机带轮MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, ALTERNATOR导向轮GUIDE PULLEY动力转向油泵POWER STEERING PUMP动力转向泵带轮MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, POWER STEERING PUMP 发电机ALTERNATOR进气歧管INTAKE MANIFOLD油尺DIPSTICK燃油分配管FUEL RAIL气缸盖罩CYLINDER HEAD COVER正时齿形带TIMING TOOTHES BELT凸轮轴正时齿形带轮TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CAMSHAFT水泵齿形带轮TOOTHED PULLEY, WATER PUMP曲轴正时齿形带动轮TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CARANKSHAFT 机油泵链ROLLER CHAIN, OIL PUMP机油泵OIL PUMP曲轴CRANKSHAFT气缸体CYLINDER BLOCK液压挺柱HYDRAULIC TAPPET凸轮轴CAMSHAFT喷油器FUEL INJECTOR限压阀OIL PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE机油盘OIL PAN凸轮轴油封CAMSHAFT SEAL半圆键WOODRUFF KEY挺柱体TAPPET BODY气门锁片VALVE LOCK SPLIT上气门弹簧座UPPER VALVE SPRING RETAINER气门弹簧VALVE SPRING气门油封VALVE SEAL气门导管VALVE STEM GUIDE进气门座INTAKE VALVE SEAT曲轴链轮CRANKSHAFT SROCKET主轴承上轴瓦UPPER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING连杆小头上轴瓦BEARING BUSH, SMALL END OF CONNECTING ROD 卡环SNAP RING正时传动TIMING DRIVE活塞销PISTIN PIN第一道气环TOP COMPRESSION RING第二道气环SECOND COMPRESSION RING油环OIL CONTROL RING连杆螺栓CONNECTING ROD BOLT飞轮FLYWHEEL转速传感器脉冲轮PULSE WHEEL, SPEED SENSOR连杆盖CONNECTING ROD CAP连杆螺母CONNECTING ROD NUT止推片THRUST HALFRING主轴承下轴瓦LOWER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING 简图SKETCH周围空气AMBIENT AIR空气滤清器AIR CLEANER排气歧管EXHAUST MANIFOLD进气软管INTAKE HOSE双排气管TWIN EXHAUST PIPES三元催化净化器THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER 中间消声器MID-MUFFLER主消声器MAIN MUFFLER隔热软垫HEAT-INSULATED SWELLING MAT陶瓷催化反应体CERAMIC CATALYTIC CONVERTER 壳体HOUSING纸质滤芯PAPRT CARTRIDGE空滤器上壳体UPPER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER空滤器下壳体LOWER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER带粗滤器进气管组件AIR INLET UNIT WITH SIEVE护罩SHIELD散热器RADIATOR电动风扇E;ECTRIC FANS齿形带带轮TOOTHED BELT PULLEY气缸体水套WATER JACKET, CYLINDER BLOCK气缸盖水套WATER JACKET, CYLINDER HEAD发动机水套排气管BLEEDING HOSE, ENGINE JACKET 节气门热水管HOT WATER PIPE, THROTTLE VALVE 膨胀箱管RESERVIOR CAP冷却液下橡胶软管LOWER HOSE, RADIATOR OUTLET 散热器排气管BLEEDING HOSE, RADIATOR冷却液上橡胶软管UPPER HOSE, RADIATOR INLET电动风扇双速热敏敏开关DUAL-SPEED THERMAL SWITCH, ELECTRIC FAN 水泵总成WATER PUMP ASSEMBLY水泵叶轮IMPELLER, WATER PUMP球轴承BALL BEARINGO形密封圈O-RING水泵壳体HOUSING, WATER PUMP圆柱滚子轴承ROLLER BEARING节温器THERMOSTAT节温器芯THERMOSTATIC CORE阀VALVE阀座VALVE BASE原理PRINCIPLE加机油口盖OILD FILLER CAP凸轮轴轴颈CAMSHAFT JOURNAL主油道MAIN OIL GALLERY连杆油道OIL CIRCUIT, CONNECTING ROD曲轴油道OIL CIRCUIT, CRANKSHAFT油压开关OIL PRESSURE SWITCH单向阀CHECK VALVE旁通安全阀BYPASS RELIEF VALVE当滤芯堵塞时IN CASE OF PLUGGING CARTRIDGE 溢流阀OVERFLOW VALVE机油泵链轮SPROCKET, OIL PUMP曲柄销轴颈JOURNAL, CRANK PIN曲轴主轴颈MAIN JOURNAL, CRANKSHAFT活性炭罐电磁阀CHARCOAL CANISTER-PURGE VALVE带输出驱动级的点火线圈组件IGNITION TRANSFORMER UNIT WITH OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE相位传感器PHASE SENSOR燃油压力调节器FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR节气门控制部件THROTTLE VALVE CONTROL UNIT空气质量计AIR MASS METER氧传感器LAMBDA SENSOR冷却液温度传感器COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR爆震传感器KNOCK SENSOR发动机转速传感器ENGINE SPEED SENSOR进气温度传感器INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR发动机控制单元ENGINE CONTROL UNIT传感器插头支架SUPPORTER FOR SENSORS CONNECTORS加燃油口FILLER回油管FUEL RETURN PIPE供油管FUEL FEED PIPE燃油箱油气排放管PIPE OF EVAPORATIVE EMISSION FROM FUEL TANK 喷孔板ORIFICE PLATE阀座VALVE SEAT插头ELECTRIC TERMINALS滤网STRAINER进油管与阀体组件INLET TUBE&SEAT CARRIER UNIT电磁线圈SOLENOID COIL阀针(带衔铁) VALVE NEEDLE WITH SOLENOID ARMATURE 回油管嘴NOZZLE OF RETURN FUEL下盖LOWER COVER阀球VALVE BALL上盖UPPER COVER膜片DIAPHRAGM油塞PLUG滤芯CARTRIDGE滤网GAUZE磁铁MAGNET下端盖LOWER COVER电枢ARMATURE出油阀OUTLET CHECK VALVE活性炭罐CHAROAL CANISTER火花塞SPARK PLUGS第3缸点火线接头CONNECTOR OF RESISTIVE CABLE FOR CYLINDER NO.3功率输出驱动级OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE高压端头HIGH-VOLTAGE TERMINAL次级线圈SECONDARY WINDING点火线圈壳体HOUSING初级线圈PRIMARY WINDING铁心LAMINATED IRON CORE混合电路盒HYBRID-CIRCUIT BOX金属热膜元件METALLIC HOT-FILM ELEMENT导流格栅FLOWGUIDE GRILLE节气门定位电位计POSITIONING POTEMTIOMETER, THROTTLE VALVE 应急运行弹簧BACK-UP MODE SPRING节气门定位器(电动机) THROTTLE VALVE POSITIONER(MOTOR) 节气门电位计THROTTLE VALVE POTENTIOMETER怠速进出管口IDLING SPEED SWITCH热水进出管口HOT-WATER INLET & OUTLET节气门拉索滑轮BOWDEN CABLE PULLEY FOR THROTTLE VALVE 发动机ENGINE离合器CLUTCH主传动与差速器FINAL DRIVE &DIFFERENTIAL等速万向节CONSTANT VELOCITY UNIVERSAL JOINTS转动轴DRIVER SHAFT驱动轮(前轮) DRIVING WHEEL(FRONT WHEEL)盘式制动器(前轮) CALIPER DISC BRAKE(FRONT WHEEL) 波形片CUSHIONING PLATE减振弹黄TORSIONAL DAMPING SPRING阻尼片FRICTIONAL DAMPING WASHER花键轴套SPLINED HUB碟形弹簧DISC SPRING曲轴CRANKSHAFT限位铆钉STOP PIN摩擦片FRICTIONAL LINING压盘PRESSURE PLATE传动刚带STEEL STRIP飞轮齿圈FLYWHEEL RING GEAR变速器输入轴INPUT SHAFT OF TRANSMISSION 离合器分离轴承CLUTCH RELEASE BEAEING从动盘盖板RETAINING PLATE OF DISC UNIT 离合器膜片弹簧CLUTCH DIAPHRAGM SPRING 离合器盖CLUTCH COVER支承环WIRE RING边速器壳体TRANSMISSION HOUSING分离板RELEASE LEVER工作缸RELEASE SLAVE CYLINDER储液罐FLUID RESERVOIR低压油管LOW PRESSURE HOSE助力弹簧AUXILIARY SPRING离合器踏板CLUTCH PEDAL推杆PUSH ROD主缸MASTER CYLINDER高压油管HIGH PRESSURE PIPE通气塞AIR BREATHER主动轴（含一/二档齿轮）INPUT SHAFT（WITH 1ST & 2ND SPEED GEARS）滚针轴承NEEDLE BEARING主动轴四档齿轮4TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT三/四档同步器3RD/4TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER实用文案主动轴三档齿轮3RDSPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT倒档齿轮组REVERSE GEARS轴承座壳体BEARING CARRIER倒档拨叉定位销POSITIONING DOWEL，REVERSE SHIFT FORK 主动轴五档齿轮5TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT五档同步器5TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER后盖总成REAR COVER ASSEMBLY异形磁铁SPECIAL-SHAPED MAGNET标准文档。
汽修中常见部件英文缩写
汽车维修当中，经常碰到汽车英语，我们一直很难搞明白，现在分享一些给大家收藏哦。
玻璃升降器 WINDOW GLASS LIFTER横拉杆总成 TIE ROD ASSY尾门撑杆 BACK DOOR STAY ASSY机油塞 OIL PRESSURE SENSOR水温塞 WATER TEMPERATURE SENSOR全车锁 DOOR LOCK ASSY化油器修理包 CARBUTOR REPAIR FITTING直拉杆总成 DRAG LINK ASSY机油泵 OILD PUMP汽油泵 FUEL PUMP节温塞 THERMOSTAT SENSOR大修包 COMPLETE GASKET SET汽缸垫 GASKET水泵 WATER PUMP活塞环 PISTON RING上球头 BALL JOINT-UPPER离合器压板 CLUTCH COVER ASSY横拉杆球头 TIE ROD JOINT付邦呔 IDLER ARM缸套 CYLINDER LINER活塞 PISTON十字接头，万向接头 UNIVERSAL JOINT 下球头 BALL JOINT-LOWER分火线 DISTRIBUTOR时规链条 TIMING CHAIN主邦呔 PITMAN ARM汽门导管 VALVE GUIDE进汽门（口） INLET VALVE（PORT）分火盖 DISTRIBUTOR CAP悬挂臂 FORK ARM刹车总泵 BRAKE MASTER CYLINDER时规修理包 TIMING REPAIR FITTING 离合器总泵 CLUTCH MASTER CYLINDER 离合器分泵 CLUTCH SLAVE CYLINDER 中间横拉杆 CENTER LINK ASSY减震器 ABSORBER链顶 TENSION刹车分泵 BRAKE WHEEL CYLINDER石棉 ASBESTOS传感器 SENSOR避震机顶胶 RUBBER BUSHING电子控制装置 ECU绝热 HEAT ISOLATING时规链挡板 CHAIN GUIDE点火分电器机油滤清器 OIL FILTER导轨 RAIL四冲程发动机循环 FOUR-STROKE ENGINE CYCLE 排汽门（口） EXHAUST VALVE（PORT）燃油箱 FUEL TANK曲轴 CRANKSHAFT压缩 COMPRESS进汽歧管 INTAKE MANIFOLD火花塞 SPARK PLUG摇臂罩 ROCKER ARM COVER连杆 CONNECTING ROD燃烧室 COMBUSTION CHAMBER齿圈 RING GEAR膨胀 EXPANSION飞轮 FLYING WHEEL凸轮轴室 CAMSHAFT HOUSING销 PIN曲轴带轮 CRANKSHAFT PULLEY机体 ENGINE BLOCK汽缸盖 CYLINDER HEAD正时齿轮盖 TIMING COVER凸轮链轮 CAMSHAFT SPROKET辅助驱动轴 ACCESSORY DRIVE SHAFT油底壳 SUMP曲轴箱 CRANK CASE汽门弹簧 VALVE SPRING螺栓 BOLT吸油管 OIL PICKUP PIPE滤网 STRAINER正时带 TIMING BELT衬垫 GASKET垫片 WASHER后主轴承 REAR MAIN BEARING 油底壳衬垫雨刷 WIPER BLADE汽门阀座 VALVE SEAT碟式 DISCS鼓式 DRUMS弹簧 SRPING弄 ALLEY巷 LANE凸轮 CAM手动变速 MT无级变速 CVT程序控制燃油喷射 PGM-FI可变气门正时及升程电子控制 VTEC 可变正时控制 VTC顶置单凸轮轴 SOHC顶置双凸轮轴 DOHC智能安全带辅助装置 I-SRS防抱死系统 ABS智能式牵引力控制系统 TCS 电子制动力分配装置 EBD可变气门正时系统 S-VT动态稳定控制系统 DSC手动 MT自动 AT前轮驱动 FWD全时四轮驱动 AWD电控多点燃油喷射发动机 MPI 发动机型式 ENGINE TYPE排量 DISPLACEMENT缸径 CYLINDER BORE行程 STROKE最大功率 MAX. OUTPUT扭距 TORQUE变速器 TRANSMISSION最高速度 MAS. SPEED油耗 FUEL CONSUMPTION真空助力器 VACUUM BOOSTER动力转向器 POWER STEERING GEAR前悬架 FRONT SUSPENSION传动轴 DRIVE SHAFT盘式制动器 CALIPER DISC BRAKE车身 BODY内饰件 INTERIOR TRIM PARTS后悬架 REAR SUSPENSION鼓式制动器 DRUM BRAKE正时齿形带护罩 TIMING TOOTHES BELT SHIELD空调压缩机 A/C COMPRESSOR空调压缩机带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, A/C COMPRESSOR多楔带 MULTI-WEDGE BELT曲轴带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, CRANKSHAFT张紧轮 TENSIONER发电机带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, ALTERNATOR导向轮 GUIDE PULLEY动力转向油泵 POWER STEERING PUMP动力转向泵带轮 MULTI-WEDGE BELT PULLEY, POWER STEERING PUMP 发电机 ALTERNATOR进气歧管 INTAKE MANIFOLD油尺 DIPSTICK燃油分配管 FUEL RAIL气缸盖罩 CYLINDER HEAD COVER正时齿形带 TIMING TOOTHES BELT凸轮轴正时齿形带轮 TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CAMSHAFT水泵齿形带轮 TOOTHED PULLEY, WATER PUMP曲轴正时齿形带动轮 TIMING TOOTHED PULLEY, CARANKSHAFT 机油泵链 ROLLER CHAIN, OIL PUMP机油泵 OIL PUMP曲轴 CRANKSHAFT气缸体 CYLINDER BLOCK液压挺柱 HYDRAULIC TAPPET凸轮轴 CAMSHAFT喷油器 FUEL INJECTOR限压阀 OIL PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE机油盘 OIL PAN凸轮轴油封 CAMSHAFT SEAL半圆键 WOODRUFF KEY挺柱体 TAPPET BODY气门锁片 VALVE LOCK SPLIT上气门弹簧座 UPPER VALVE SPRING RETAINER气门弹簧 VALVE SPRING气门油封 VALVE SEAL气门导管 VALVE STEM GUIDE进气门座 INTAKE VALVE SEAT曲轴链轮 CRANKSHAFT SROCKET主轴承上轴瓦 UPPER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING连杆大头上轴瓦 UPPER BEARING BUSH, BIG END OF CONNECTING ROD 连杆小头上轴瓦 BEARING BUSH, SMALL END OF CONNECTING ROD卡环 SNAP RING正时传动 TIMING DRIVE活塞销 PISTIN PIN第一道气环 TOP COMPRESSION RING第二道气环 SECOND COMPRESSION RING油环 OIL CONTROL RING连杆螺栓 CONNECTING ROD BOLT飞轮 FLYWHEEL转速传感器脉冲轮 PULSE WHEEL, SPEED SENSOR连杆大头下轴瓦 LOWER BEARING BUSH, BIG END OF CONNECTING ROD 连杆盖 CONNECTING ROD CAP连杆螺母 CONNECTING ROD NUT止推片 THRUST HALFRING主轴承下轴瓦 LOWER BEARING BUSH, MAIN BEARING简图 SKETCH周围空气 AMBIENT AIR空气滤清器 AIR CLEANER排气歧管 EXHAUST MANIFOLD进气软管 INTAKE HOSE双排气管 TWIN EXHAUST PIPES三元催化净化器 THREE-WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTER 中间消声器 MID-MUFFLER主消声器 MAIN MUFFLER隔热软垫 HEAT-INSULATED SWELLING MAT陶瓷催化反应体 CERAMIC CATALYTIC CONVERTER 壳体 HOUSING纸质滤芯 PAPRT CARTRIDGE空滤器上壳体 UPPER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER空滤器下壳体 LOWER HOUSING, AIR CLEANER带粗滤器进气管组件 AIR INLET UNIT WITH SIEVE护罩 SHIELD散热器 RADIATOR电动风扇 E;ECTRIC FANS齿形带带轮 TOOTHED BELT PULLEY气缸体水套 WATER JACKET, CYLINDER BLOCK气缸盖水套 WATER JACKET, CYLINDER HEAD发动机水套排气管 BLEEDING HOSE, ENGINE JACKET节气门热水管 HOT WATER PIPE, THROTTLE VALVE膨胀箱管 RESERVIOR CAP冷却液下橡胶软管 LOWER HOSE, RADIATOR OUTLET散热器排气管 BLEEDING HOSE, RADIATOR冷却液上橡胶软管 UPPER HOSE, RADIATOR INLET电动风扇双速热敏敏开关 DUAL-SPEED THERMAL SWITCH, ELECTRIC FAN 水泵总成 WATER PUMP ASSEMBLY水泵叶轮 IMPELLER, WATER PUMP球轴承 BALL BEARINGO形密封圈 O-RING水泵壳体 HOUSING, WATER PUMP圆柱滚子轴承 ROLLER BEARING节温器 THERMOSTAT节温器芯 THERMOSTATIC CORE阀 VALVE阀座 VALVE BASE原理 PRINCIPLE加机油口盖 OILD FILLER CAP凸轮轴轴颈 CAMSHAFT JOURNAL主油道 MAIN OIL GALLERY连杆油道 OIL CIRCUIT, CONNECTING ROD曲轴油道 OIL CIRCUIT, CRANKSHAFT油压开关 OIL PRESSURE SWITCH单向阀 CHECK VALVE旁通安全阀 BYPASS RELIEF VALVE当滤芯堵塞时 IN CASE OF PLUGGING CARTRIDGE溢流阀 OVERFLOW VALVE机油泵链轮 SPROCKET, OIL PUMP曲柄销轴颈 JOURNAL, CRANK PIN曲轴主轴颈 MAIN JOURNAL, CRANKSHAFT活性炭罐电磁阀 CHARCOAL CANISTER-PURGE VALVE带输出驱动级的点火线圈组件 IGNITION TRANSFORMER UNIT WITH OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE相位传感器 PHASE SENSOR燃油压力调节器 FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR节气门控制部件 THROTTLE VALVE CONTROL UNIT空气质量计 AIR MASS METER氧传感器 LAMBDA SENSOR冷却液温度传感器 COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR爆震传感器 KNOCK SENSOR发动机转速传感器 ENGINE SPEED SENSOR进气温度传感器 INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR发动机控制单元 ENGINE CONTROL UNIT传感器插头支架 SUPPORTER FOR SENSORS CONNECTORS加燃油口 FILLER回油管 FUEL RETURN PIPE供油管 FUEL FEED PIPE燃油箱油气排放管 PIPE OF EVAPORATIVE EMISSION FROM FUEL TANK 喷孔板 ORIFICE PLATE阀座 VALVE SEAT插头 ELECTRIC TERMINALS滤网 STRAINER进油管与阀体组件 INLET TUBE&SEAT CARRIER UNIT电磁线圈 SOLENOID COIL阀针(带衔铁) VALVE NEEDLE WITH SOLENOID ARMATURE 回油管嘴 NOZZLE OF RETURN FUEL下盖 LOWER COVER阀球 VALVE BALL上盖 UPPER COVER膜片 DIAPHRAGM油塞 PLUG滤芯 CARTRIDGE滤网 GAUZE磁铁 MAGNET下端盖 LOWER COVER电枢 ARMATURE出油阀 OUTLET CHECK VALVE活性炭罐 CHAROAL CANISTER火花塞 SPARK PLUGS第3缸点火线接头 CONNECTOR OF RESISTIVE CABLE FOR CYLINDER NO.3 功率输出驱动级 OUTPUT DRIVER STAGE高压端头 HIGH-VOLTAGE TERMINAL次级线圈 SECONDARY WINDING点火线圈壳体 HOUSING初级线圈 PRIMARY WINDING铁心 LAMINATED IRON CORE混合电路盒 HYBRID-CIRCUIT BOX金属热膜元件 METALLIC HOT-FILM ELEMENT导流格栅 FLOWGUIDE GRILLE节气门定位电位计 POSITIONING POTEMTIOMETER, THROTTLE VALVE 应急运行弹簧 BACK-UP MODE SPRING节气门定位器(电动机) THROTTLE VALVE POSITIONER(MOTOR)节气门电位计 THROTTLE VALVE POTENTIOMETER怠速进出管口 IDLING SPEED SWITCH热水进出管口 HOT-WATER INLET & OUTLET节气门拉索滑轮 BOWDEN CABLE PULLEY FOR THROTTLE VALVE发动机 ENGINE离合器 CLUTCH主传动与差速器 FINAL DRIVE &DIFFERENTIAL等速万向节 CONSTANT VELOCITY UNIVERSAL JOINTS转动轴 DRIVER SHAFT驱动轮(前轮) DRIVING WHEEL(FRONT WHEEL)盘式制动器(前轮) CALIPER DISC BRAKE(FRONT WHEEL) 波形片 CUSHIONING PLATE减振弹黄 TORSIONAL DAMPING SPRING阻尼片 FRICTIONAL DAMPING WASHER花键轴套 SPLINED HUB碟形弹簧 DISC SPRING曲轴 CRANKSHAFT限位铆钉 STOP PIN摩擦片 FRICTIONAL LINING压盘 PRESSURE PLATE传动刚带 STEEL STRIP飞轮齿圈 FLYWHEEL RING GEAR变速器输入轴 INPUT SHAFT OF TRANSMISSION离合器分离轴承 CLUTCH RELEASE BEAEING从动盘盖板 RETAINING PLATE OF DISC UNIT 离合器膜片弹簧 CLUTCH DIAPHRAGM SPRING 离合器盖 CLUTCH COVER支承环 WIRE RING边速器壳体 TRANSMISSION HOUSING分离板 RELEASE LEVER工作缸 RELEASE SLAVE CYLINDER储液罐 FLUID RESERVOIR低压油管 LOW PRESSURE HOSE助力弹簧 AUXILIARY SPRING离合器踏板 CLUTCH PEDAL推杆 PUSH ROD主缸 MASTER CYLINDER高压油管 HIGH PRESSURE PIPE通气塞 AIR BREATHER主动轴（含一/二档齿轮） INPUT SHAFT（WITH 1ST & 2ND SPEED GEARS）滚针轴承 NEEDLE BEARING主动轴四档齿轮 4TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT三/四档同步器 3RD/4TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER主动轴三档齿轮 3RDSPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT倒档齿轮组 REVERSE GEARS轴承座壳体 BEARING CARRIER倒档拨叉定位销 POSITIONING DOWEL，REVERSE SHIFT FORK主动轴五档齿轮 5TH SPEED GEAR，INPUT SHAFT五档同步器 5TH SPEED SYNCHRONIZER后盖总成 REAR COVER ASSEMBLY异形磁铁 SPECIAL-SHAPED MAGNET。
英语语法词汇详解brake
英语语法词汇详解brakebrake英[breɪk]美[breɪk]n.闸；刹车；制动装置；敞篷四轮马车；捣碎机；灌木丛；欧洲蕨；凤尾蕨；阻碍v.使…减速；刹住打破；打断；违反；（BREAK的过去式）复数：brakes第三人称单数：brakes现在分词：braking过去式：braked过去分词：braked英文释义：n:1.a restraint used to slow or stop a vehicle用来减慢或停止车辆的约束装置2.any of various ferns of the genus Pteris having pinnately compound leaves and including several popular houseplants任何具有羽状复叶的凤尾蕨属蕨类植物，包括几种常见的室内植物rge coarse fern often several feet high; essentially weed ferns; cosmopolitan通常有几英尺高的大型粗糙蕨类植物；本质上是杂草蕨类植物；世界性的4.an area thickly overgrown usually with one kind of plant通常只有一种植物的茂密丛生的地区v:1.stop travelling by applying a brake通过踩刹车停止行驶2.cause to stop by applying the brakes通过踩刹车使停止举个例子：1.The linings are bonded, not riveted, to the brake shoes for longer wear.为了更加耐磨，衬垫是粘合而不是铆接到闸瓦上去的。
2.When the brake is engaged, the lever does not stand proud of the horizontal.当刹车啮合时，手刹不会上翘。
零件英文简称
零件英文简称汽车零部件专用词汇Front Floor 前地板Front Fender RH 翼子板（右）Front Fender LH 翼子板（左）Hood Outer 发动机罩外板Hood Inner 发动机罩内板Front Door Outer RH 前车门外板（右）Front Door Outer LH 前车门外板（左）Front Door Inner RH 前车门内板（右Front Door Inner LH 前车门内板（左）Rear Door Outer RH 后车门外板（右）Rear Door Outer LH 后车门外板（左）Rear Door Inner RH 后车门内板（右）Rear Door Inner LH 后车门内板（左）Rear Floor 后地板B/S Outer RH 侧围外板（右）B/S Outer LH 侧围外板（左）B/S Inner RH 侧围内板（右）B/S Inner LH 侧围内板（左）Decklid Outer 行李箱盖外板Decklid Inner 行李箱盖内板Roof 顶盖Sun-Roof 顶盖（带天窗）-- Dies -模具-- In-house stamping parts(22) - 自制冲压件(25个) other stampings 其他沖壓件Jack / Tools 千斤顶/工具Door Trim Panel 门内饰板Headlining 顶盖内衬Carpet 地毯Package Tray 后置物板NVH - Insulator / Deadener 消音/ 减震隔热垫Deadner 沥青地毯- Instrument Panel -仪表台板- Console 副仪表台- Bumpers / Facia -保险杆- Front End Molding (GOR) " - 车前塑料件(水箱护板）"Interior / Exterior Plastics - 内外饰塑料件- A, B, C Pillar Trim & Scuff Plate 前中后立柱饰版&車門框版" - Exterior Ornamentation- Painted / Chromed Plastic" "- 外饰件- 车身色/镀鉻件"Decal, Badge 标牌/贴纸VIN PLATE 铭牌-- Grille 散熱器护柵-- Body Side Molding 车身防擦条roof moudling 车顶饰条belt line moulding 水切(车门饰条)- Fuel Filler Housing 加油管外套- Fuel Filler Door 加油门口Wheel Cover - 车轮盖Weather Strips for Doors 密封条- 车门Weather Strips for Glass (Run Channel) 密封条- 玻璃wheel housing -liner 鼓包内衬Mirror 后视镜Seats 座椅Glass 玻璃Door Module-Carry Plate 基版--门模塊(內飾)Window Regulator 玻璃升降机Door Latches 门锁Key Sets 锁芯Door Handle 门把手Decklid Handle 行李厢把手Hood Hinge & Decklid Hinge 发动机盖铰链、行李厢铰链Hood Latch & Decklid Latch 发动机盖锁、行李厢锁Window Wiper Motor & Link System (including Arm Blade) 雨刮电机及摇臂总成Washer System 雨刮清洗系统Sun Roof 天窗Bracket(Bumper Beam) -支架（保险杆加强秆）Air Bag 被动安全系统（气囊）Steering Wheel 方向盘Seat Belts 安全带mid to small plastic 中小塑件Overflow (Degas) 副水箱AC system 空调系统Fan & motor system 风扇电机总成Contol Assy-A/C (Manual) 空调控制器（手动）- Compressor 压缩机Radiator and Condenser assy 散热器/冷凝器总成Horn 电喇叭Head Lighting 前车灯Rear Lighting 尾灯Suspension Assy 前后悬挂总组-- Front/rear axle 前后橋-- Suspension Machining 悬挂加工件-- Stabilizer 稳定杆-- Coil Spring 园簧Front Suspension Assy 前悬挂总组- Stabilizer OD21 稳定杆OD21- Link (stabilizer) 连接杆(稳定杆)- Bushing (stabilizer) 衬套(稳定杆)- Clamp (stabilizer) 夹钳(稳定杆)- Cross member 横梁- Control arm ( including ball joints) 控制臂(含球窝接头) - Knuckle L/ R 转向节(左/右)- Hub Unit II.1 轮毂总成II.1- Strut/ shock absorber 减震器- Top mount 上支撐- Spring aid 弹簧座- Spring 弹簧- Gaitor 波纹防尘罩- Nut 螺母- Cover heat shield 隔热垫盖Rear suspension Assy 后悬挂总组- Crossmember 横梁- Rear Lower Assy Sub Assy 后悬下臂总成- Front Lower Arm 前悬下臂- Uper Lower Arm Assy 后上臂- Bump Stop 限位挡块- Spring 弹簧- Spring pad 弹簧垫块- Stabilizer 穏定杆- Bushing (stabilizer) 衬套(穏定杆)- Clamp (stabilizer) 夹箝- Pogostick Assy- Knuckle L/R 转向节(左/右)Hub Unit II 轮毂总成IIHub Unit Bearing 轮壳总成轴承Tire 轮胎Steel Wheels 铁圈Alloy wheels 铝轮圈Brakes 制动-- ABS Module ABS 模块- Booster & MC 真空助力器&总泵- Front caliper 前卡钳- Rear Caliper 后卡钳- Disc 盘式制动器- Dust shield 防尘罩- Drum Brake 鼓式制动器- Drum 鼓式制动器-- Brake / Fuel Lines 制动油管及燃油管Parking Lever 手刹- Parking Cable 驻车制动拉索Cables（MT）拉索（手排）Cables（AT）拉索（自排）Pedal Box 脚踏板Fuel Tank 油箱FDM 油泵Steering Gear Assy 转向机总成Steering Gear - HPAS 液压式转向机Steering Gear - EHPAS 电子液压转向机Steering Pump - HPAS 转向泵Steering Hose 转向油管Steering Column 方向机柱Steering Column Stalk Switch 组合开关Rotating Electrical Starter I4 / BZ(11000) 启动马达Rotating Electrical Alternator I4 / BZ(10300) 电机Clock Spring 转向簧圈Instrument Cluster 组合仪表Parking Sonar 倒车雷达Battery 电池Audio / CD 收放机/CDAntenna 天线Speaker 扬声器Spoiler 擾流板Wiring Harness 线束CANNISTER 碳罐Remote System (transmit/Receiver) 门锁遥控器(发射/接收) Switches 开关Engine Mounting 发动机支撑Air Induction System (AIS）-I4 进气系统(I4)Air Induction System (AIS）-BZ 进气系统(BZ)EMS 1.6L(BZ ECU) 发动机管理系统1.6L(BZ ECU)EMS 2.0L (I4 ECU) 发动机管理系统2.0L (I4 ECU) FEAD Brkt/belt 发电机支架/皮带（BZ）FEAD Brkt / tensioner 发电机支架/ 张紧轮（BZ）FEAD Brkt /idler 发电机支架/ 惰轮（BZ）FEAD Brkt/idler/belt 发电机支架/惰轮/皮带（I4）Driveshaft 传动轴Gear Shifter（Manual) 换档器(手动）Gear shift（Auto）换档器（自动）HOT END-Exhaust System 热端-排放系统COLD END-Exhaust System 冷端-排放系统Catalyst (BZ 1.6L) 催化剂(BZ 1.6L)Catalyst (New I4 2.0L)催化剂(New I4 2.0L) HINEGE(DOORS) 門鉸鍊DOOR CHECK ARM 车门限位器TYRE ASSEMBLY 车轮总成MIRROR CONTROL 后视镜控制器MOBILE LINK 手机通讯连接MANUAL 用户手册WARING TRIANGLE 三角回复反射器FIRE EXTINGUISHER 灭火器FUEL FILLING PIPE 加油管PWR STNG OIL COOLER 动力转向油冷却器Reservior 动力转向油壶MOULDING-Windshield/ DOOR MOULDING 风档导水槽，门上装饰盖WATER SHIELD 防水膜QUARTER WINDOW 三角窗WHEEL NUT 车轮螺母RUBBER HOSE 胶管PLATE ASY SPARE WHL 轮胎紧固螺栓Heater Control Panel & Gear Shifter Bezel 暖风控制面板、换档面板Fuel filter (Gasoline Strainer) 汽油滤清器Bumper Beam 保险杠横梁TOC(transmission oil cooler)Cooling hose/Lower Isolator 冷却水管Battery BoxCowl Grille 通风格珊Under cover 发动机防护板Cover Under 发动机防护罩Center Channel 玻璃滑槽Name Plate 铭牌HeatshieldFuel Filler CapSide Skirt 侧裙板Door Sash(Door Frame) 门框Stripe,Sash 门框膜收起回复点烟器—cigarete点烟器座—cigarete seat左方向灯总成—lamp Ass.- turning lh灯泡—bulb固定弹簧—spring- fixing左方向灯壳体—shuck -s turning lamp lh右方向灯壳体—shuck-turning lamp rh右方向灯总成—lamp Ass.- turning rh侧方向灯总成—lamp Ass.-side turning侧方向灯灯壳—shuck-side turning lamp左前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.-front fog lh左前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.-front fog lh左前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.-front fog lh自攻螺钉—bolt定位垫片—washer - fixing左前雾灯壳体—shuck - front fog lamp lh左前雾灯壳体—shuck - front fog lamp lh灯泡—bulb右前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.- front fog rh右前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.- front fog rh右前雾灯总成—lamp Ass.- front fo动力继电器—RELAY - POWERECU继电器支架—HOLDER - ECU RELAY左前大灯总成—lamp Ass.-head lamp lh左前大灯总成—lamp Ass.-head lamp lh右前大灯总成—lamp Ass.-head lamp rh右前大灯总成—lamp Ass.-head lamp rh左后尾灯活动部分总成—muvemeng parties Ass.-rear lamp lh右后尾灯活动部分总成—muvemeng parties Ass.-rear lamp rh水温传感器—SENSOR - COOLANT TEMPERATURE冷却液温度传感器总成—SENSOR ASSY - COOLANT TEMPERATURE 油压开关—SWITCH- OIL PRESSURE机油压力开关（低）总成—SWITCH ASSY-OIL PRESSURE档位转换盒总成—GEAR SHIFT BOX ASSY润滑脂—GREASE脱脂剂—DEGREASER磷化添加剂—PHOSPHATING ADDITIVE电泳漆溶剂—ELECTROPHORESIS PAINT SOLVENT黑厚膜电泳树脂液—BLACK HIGH BUILD DISPERSION黑厚膜电泳色浆—BLACK HIGH BUILD PIGMENT PASTE隔热板总成-前围板与前地板—PLATE ASSY - HEAT INSULATION-FLOOR PAN隔热板总成-通道—PLATE ASSY - HEAT INSULATION-AISLE隔热板总成-中消音器—PLATE ASSY - HEAT INSULATION-MID SILENCE隔热板总成-后消音器—PLATE ASSY - HEAT INSULATION-REAR SILENCE发动机仓—COMPARTMENT - ENGINE前挡板总成—PNL ASSY - DASH前挡板处沥青板—ANTI PAD - PNL MER ASSY前挡板左减震垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - PNL MER ASSY LH前挡板右减震垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - PNL MER ASSY RH堵件F#—PLUG F#前仓隔音垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - PNL MER ASSY堵盖—PLUG右A柱减震垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - A PILLAR RH堵件17#—PLUG 17#堵件10#—PLUG 10#堵件5#—PLUG 5#堵件15#—PLUG 15#堵件—PLUG前挡板分总成—PNL SUB-ASSY - DASH前挡板—PNL - DASH左连接板―前挡板—REINF - DASH LH右连接板―前挡板—REINF - DASH RH前风挡下横梁总成—PNL ASSY - COWL PLENUM前风挡下横梁左沥青板—ANTI PAD - COWL PANEL前风挡下横梁右沥青板—ANTI PAD - COWL PANEL侧加强板―雨刮器支架—REINF - WIPER MTG BRKT前风挡下横梁分总成—PNL SUB-ASSY - COWL PLENUM前风挡下横梁本体总成—PNL ASSY - COWL PLENUM前风挡下横梁本体—PNL - COWL PLENUM转向柱横梁左减震垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - CROSSMEMBER ASSY LH转向柱横梁右减震垫—ANTIVIBRATION PAD - CROSSMEMBER ASSY LH雨刷器支架总成—REINF ASSY - WIPER MTG BRKT MID中加强板―雨刮器支架—BRKT - WIPER REINF MID水箱隔板总成—PNL ASSY - RADIATOR水箱隔板—PNL - RADIATOR水箱隔板处沥青板TX—ANTI PAD - COWL PANEL水箱隔板处沥青板FX—ANTI PAD - COWL PANEL转向柱横梁总成—ASSY - STEER CROSSMEMBER海绵垫—SPONGE转向柱固定板总成—PNL ASSY - STEERING COLUMN转向柱固定板—PNL - STEERING COLUMN MTG转向柱横梁分总成—CROSSMEMBER SUB-ASSY - STEERING COLUMN转向柱横梁本体—CROSSMEMBER - STEERING COLUMN右前轮罩分总成—SUB-ASSY - WHEELHOURSE FRT RH右前轮罩本体总成—PNL ASSY - WHEELHOURSE FRT RH橡胶缓冲垫—RUBBER螺母座—PLATE ASSY - NUT自攻螺钉—SCREW - TAPPING卡扣—BUTTON铁皮卡子—CLIP方形缓冲块—BLOCK - BUFFER SQUARE右大灯上护罩—SHIELD - HEADLAMP UPR RH前风挡下装饰板总成—COVER ASSY - FRT COWL TOP前风挡下部衬垫—COVER - FRT COWL LWR前风挡下装饰板—COVER - FRT COWL LWR前大灯横梁总成—CROSSMEMBER ASSY - HEADLAMP边侧左加强板—REINF - SIDE MEMBER LH加强板—REINF - SIDE MEMBER RH前大灯上横梁总成—CROSSMEMBER ASSY - HEADLAMP UPR前大灯上横梁总成—CROSSMEMBER ASSY - HEADLAMP UPR中支承支架—BRKT - SUPPORTING MID前大灯上横梁分总成—CROSSMEMBER SUB-ASSY - HEADLAMP UPR前大灯上横梁—CROSSMEMBER - HEADLAMP UPR散热器左加强板总成—REINF ASSY - RADIATOR LH散热器左加强板—REINF - RADIATOR LH散热器右加强板总成—REINF ASSY -RADIATOR RH散热器右加强板—REINF - RADIATOR RH前大灯下横梁总成—MEMBER ASSY - HEADLAMP LWR前大灯下横梁总成—MEMBER ASSY - HEADLAMP LWR前大灯下横梁—MEMBER - HEADLAMP LWR左下部连接板—PNL - CONNECTION LWR LH右下部连接板—PNL - CONNECTION LWR RH左前大灯固定座总成—PNL ASSY - HEADLAMP FIXUP FRT LH 左前大灯固定座—PNL - HEADLAMP FIXUP FRT LH右前大灯固定座总成—PNL ASSY - HEADLAMP FIXUP FRT RH 右前大灯固定座—PNL - HEADLAMP FIXUP FRT RH前大灯横梁总成—MEMBER ASSY -HEADLAMP左侧杂物箱总成—HSG ASSY - GL/BOX LH旋转手柄—KNOB - GL/BOX LH仪表板总成—PANEL ASSY - INSTRUMENT仪表板—PANEL - INSTRUMENT螺母—NUT - WASHER螺钉盖—COVER - SCREW密封垫片—WASHER - SEAL仪表板板体—BODY - INSTRUMENT PANEL仪表板本体总成—BODY ASSY - INSTRUMENT PANEL大通风道—DUCT - HEATER TO AIR VENT上弯管—HOSE - SIDE AIR VENT UPR LH下弯管—HOSE - SIDE AIR VENT LWR LH小通风道—DUCT- SMALL DEFROSTER空心铆钉—RIVET - HOLLOW抽心铆钉—RIVET - HOLLOW风道隔板—SEPARATOR - DUCT胶—GLUE右通风管—HOSE-SIDE AIR VENT RH仪表板支架总成—BRKT ASSY - INSTRUMENT PANEL仪表板左安装支架—BRKT - INSTRUMENT PANEL LH仪表板右支架—BAKT - INSTRUMENT PANEL RH海绵—SPONGY脚部通风口总成—DUCT ASSY - FLOOR支架—BRKT - FLOOR DUCT安全气囊安装支架—BRKT - PASSENGER AIR BAG单风口总成—DUCT ASSY - SINGLE两风口总成—DUCT ASSY - DOUBLE仪表板左侧通风口总成—AIR VENT ASSY - SIDE RH仪表板左扬声器面罩—COVER - INSTRNMENT PANEL LOUDHAILER LH仪表板右扬声器面罩—COVER - INSTRNMENT PANEL LOUDHAILER RH夹片—NUT - SPRING顶部除霜通风罩—COVER - DEFROSTER NOZZLE开关堵盖—COVER - SWITCH压制螺母—NUT堵盖—COVER - BLANKING顶部左侧通风罩—COVER - DEFROSTER NOZZLE LH顶部右侧通风罩—COVER - DEFROSTER NOZZLE RH仪表框总成—PANEL ASSY - CLUSTER FACIA气囊面板总成—PANEL ASSY - AIR BAG螺钉—SCREW气囊底板总成—PANEL ASSY - AIR BAG BOTTOM气囊单元总成—UNIT ASSY - AIR BAG 螺母—NUT手套箱总成—HOUSING ASSY - GL/ BOX前排乘员侧安全气囊总成—AIR BAG ASSY - PASSENGER转向柱护板总成—PANEL ASSY - STEERING COLUMN LWR仪表板附件板总成—PANEL ACCESSORY - INSTRUMENT PANEL仪表板中部面板—PANEL - CTR FACIA仪表板中部杂物盒—TRAY - CTR FACIA仪表板中部连接板—BOARD CONNECTION - INSTRUMENT PANEL MIDDLE副仪表板总成—CONSOLE ASSY - FLOOR轴用挡圈—RING - SHIELD。
汽车专业英语词汇(4)
控制周期control cycle控制频率control frequency控制力control force作用力control froce制动器效能因素application force制动器材的滞后brake hysteresis制动器输出力矩brake output torque制动器额定力矩brake rating torque制动蹄效能因素brake shoe efficiency factro制动蹄作用压力application pressure of brake shoe assebmly 制动蹄释放压力release pressure of brake shoe最大制动蹄中心升程maximum shoe centre lift制动鼓直径drum diameter制动鼓宽度drum width制动鼓厚度drum thickness制动盘厚度disc thickness（鼓或盘）的摩擦面积swept area制动衬片吸收功率power absorption of lining制动衬片包角lining arc制动衬片单位面积制动力lining drag衬片摩擦系数lining mu衬片摩擦面积/每轴lining area/axle衬片摩擦面积/每个制动器lining area/brake踏板行程pedal travel踏板自由行程free pedal travel踏板最大行程maximum pedal travel踏板力pedal effort有效踏板长度effective pedal length踏板速比pedal velocity ratio踏板回位弹簧力pedal return spring load踏板回位弹簧刚度pedal return spring rate制动初速度initial speed of braking制动减速度braking deceleration瞬时制动减速度instantaneous braking deceleration平均制动减速度mean braking deceleration最大制动减速度maximum braking deceleration石油基制动液petroleum base brake fluid非石油基制动液non-petroleum base brake fluid最低湿沸点minimum wet boiling point防冻液anti-freeze liquid冷却液cooling liquid供能装置energy supplying device真空泵vacuum pump喷射器ejector真空罐（筒）vacuum tank空压机air compressor气缸盖cylinder head气缸体cylinder block活塞piston火塞环piston ring连杆connecting rod活塞销piston pin曲轴crank shaft进气阀intake valve排气阀exhaust valve储气罐（筒）air storage reservoir调压阀pressure regulating valve单向阀single check valve止回阀、单向阀check valve滤清器filter进气滤清器air intake filter排气滤清器air exhaust filter管路滤清器line filter滤网（芯）strainer油水分离器oil and water seperator防冻器aiti-freezer空气干燥器air dryer排放阀drain valve压力保护阀pressrue protection valve控制装置control device行车制动踏板装置service braking pedal device 制动踏板braking pedal踏板护套pedal pad踏板支架pedal brackeet衬套bushing套管collar销轴axis pin回位弹簧retruen spring驻车制动操纵装置parking brake control device 操纵杆control lever操纵杆支架control lever bracket操纵杆导套control lever guide collar齿杆（棘轮）rod rack(ratchet)棘抓ratchet pawl操纵揽绳control cable平衡臂equalizer拉杆（拉绳）pull rod(pull wire)拉杆导套pull rod guide collar制动杆brake lever手制动杆hand lever气制动阀aire brake valve单腔气制动阀single-chamber air brake valve推杆plunger气阀air valve平衡弹簧equalizing spring膜片diaphragm双腔气制动阀dual-chamber air brake valve串列式双腔气制动阀series dual -chamber air brake valve并列式双腔气制动阀parallel dual-chamber air brake valve三腔气制动阀triple-chamber air brake valve三通路控制阀three way control valve双向止回阀（双通单向阀）dual way check valve继动阀relay valve快放阀quick release valve继动快放阀relay and quick release valve挂车制动阀trailer braking valve挂车制动应急继动阀trailer braking relay emergency valve挂车制动保护阀trailer braking protecton valve挂车制动放松阀trailer braking relax valve手控制动阀hand braking valve传能装置transmission device制动主缸brake master cylinder有补偿孔式制动主缸compensating brake master cylinder无补偿孔式制动主缸portless brake master cylinder串列双腔式制动主缸series dual chamber brake master cylinder 盘式制动器制动缸disc brake cylinder双腔制动主缸tandem master cylinder储液室fluid reservoir主缸储液室master cylinder reservoir储液室盖fluid reservoir cap进油阀inlet valve第一活塞first piston第二活塞secondary piston轮缸wheel cylinder伺服机构servo mechanism助力器booster真空助力器vacuum booster反馈杠杆reaction lever反馈盘reaction plate伺服阀servo valve反馈柱塞reaction plunger伺服活塞servo piston助力活塞boosting piston伺服膜片servo diaphragm助力膜片boosting diaphragm真空增压器vacuum intensifier控制阀体control valve body阀门弹簧valve spring控制膜片回位弹簧control diaphragm return spring 控制膜片control diaphragm控制活塞control piston控制活塞皮碗control piston cup辅助缸缸体auxiliary cylinder body液压活塞hydraulic piston液压阀hydraulic valve端盖end plate气压助力器air booster气压-液压增压器air over hydraulic intensifier气顶油助力器air over hydraulic booster管件pipe unit管路pipe-line传能管路energy transmission lines供能管路energy transmission lines供给管路feed pipe控制管路supply line促动管路control line操纵管路pilot line共用管路common line应急管路emergency line制动管路braking line应急制动管路secondary line刚性件rigid pipe半刚性管semi-rigid pipe软管flexible pipe电缆或导线cable or wire制动软管总成brake hose assemblies制动软管braking hose液压软管hydraulic hose软管保护管hose protector气制动软管airbrake hose跨接软管jumper hose桥式管bridge pipe热塑管路thermo-plastic tubing软管卡子hose clip橡胶内衬elastometric lining制动蹄促动器brake shoe actuator储能弹簧energy storage spring制动器brake摩擦式制动器frictin braek鼓式制动器drum brake盘式制动器disc brake多片盘式制动器multiple disc brake挂车制动器trailer brake超速制动器overrun brake液压制动器hydraulic brake内涨型鼓式制动器internal expanding drum brake双领蹄式制动器two leading shoe brake双从蹄式制动器two trailing shoe brake双向双领蹄式制动器dual two leading shoe brake双向双从蹄式制动器dual two trailing shoe brake领从蹄式制动器leading trailing shoe brake单向伺服式制动器uni-servo brake双向伺服式制动器duo-servo brake外收缩型鼓式制动器external contracting drum brake 帘式制动器band brake钳盘式制动器caliper disc brake定钳盘式制动器disc brake with fixed caliper浮钳盘式制动器disc brake with floating caliper浮盘式制动器floating disc brake全盘式制动器complete disc brake凸轮张开式制动器cam brake楔式制动器wedge brake轮缸式制动器wheel cylinder brake刚性连接式制动器positive engagement brake驻车制动器parking brake盘式中央制动器transmission disc brake带式中央制动器transmission band brake手制动器hand brake冷制动器cold brake制动鼓brake drum双金属式制动鼓bimetallic shoe brake drum制动鼓衬里brake drum liner制动鼓缘圈drum rim制动鼓散热肋brake drum cooling rib制动底板brake bottom plate制动蹄brake shoe制动蹄总成brake shoe assembly领蹄（紧蹄）primary shoe(leadijg shoe)从蹄（松蹄）secondary shoe(trailing shoe)销式蹄pivoted shoe滑动式蹄sliding shoe铰接式蹄articulated shoe刚性蹄rigid shoe半刚性蹄semi-flexible shoe蹄跟部heel蹄前端部toe制动凸轮轴brake camshaft制动蹄限位弹簧brake shoe hold down spring制动蹄回位弹簧brake shoe return spring制动蹄支承座brake shoe abutment支承销anchor pin支承块anchor plate制动蹄导板brake shoe link蹄片张开装置shoe expander mechanism蹄片（自动）调整装置brake shoe(automatic )adjuster 制动蹄张开杠杆expander lever制动蹄张开凸轮expander cam驻车制动杠杆parking brake lever驻车制动推杆parking brake push-rod制动轮缸brake cylinder制动带brake band制动盘brake disc制动钳brake caliper制动钳板臂brake caliper plate yoke制动钳安装架brake caliper mounting bracket制动块总成brake pad assembly盘式制动衬块disc brake pad制动衬块背板brake pad back plate制动衬片brake lining缓冲器retarder发动机缓冲装置retarder by combustion engine电机缓冲装置retarder by electric traction motor液力缓冲器hydro-dynamic retarder气动缓冲器aerodynamic retarder电磁缓冲器electromagnetic retarder空气动力缓速装置aerodynamic retarder排气缓速器exhaust retarder排气节流器exhaust shutter valve进气消声器intake silencer控制缸control cylinder电磁缓速器electromagnetic retarder盘形转子discal rotor定子电磁铁组stationary electromagner环形定子stationary torus电磁铁心electromagnet core激磁线圈field winding(field coil)液力缓速器hydrodynamic retarder双叶片转子double runner rotor排液管drain pipe作动拉杆actuating link排气管exhaust pipe断油拉索cut-off link辅助装置auxiliary device保护压力装置protection pressure device制动力调节装置device to apply correction to braking force 车轮防抱死装置anti-lock device传感器sensor控制器controller调节器modulatro限压阀proessure limiting valve比例阀proportioning valve异径活塞different diameter piston阀体valve body压力控制弹簧pressure control spring阀弹簧valve spring阀valve惯性比例阀inertia proportioning valve惯性球inertia ball球阀座ball valve seat感载比例阀loading sensing pressure proportoining valve 感载限压阀loading sensing pressure limiting valve惯性防抱死装置inertia anti-lock device电子防抱死装置eoectro anti-lock device润滑泵电动机lubricating motor操纵件controls方向盘steering control变速杆gear selector (transmission control)加速踏板accelerator pedal手油门manual accelerator control离合器踏板clutch pedal行车制动器制动踏板service braking control应急制动器操纵件secondary (emergency)braking conrol 驻车制动器操纵件parking brake control发动机冷起动操纵件engine cold start control风窗玻璃刮水器操纵件windscreen wiper conrol风窗玻璃洗涤器操纵件windscreen washer control门锁操纵件door latch control门锁止操纵件door lock control门窗玻璃升降器操纵件window lift control暖风操纵件heater control空调操纵件air conditioning control点火开关ignition switch灯光总开关master lighting swithc转向指示器操纵件direction indicator control危急信号操纵件hazard warnig signal control客厢顶灯开关interior light switch音响警告（喇叭）操纵件audible wanring (horn)control座椅调节操纵件seat adjustment cntrol动力输出操纵件power-take-off control翻倾操纵件tilt control发动机罩操纵件front hood (bonnet)control行李箱盖操纵件real hood (boot )control散热器百叶窗操纵件radiator shutter control外后视镜调节操纵件outside rear-view mirror adjustment control 车灯开关lighting switch制动灯开关stop lamp switch手制动灯开关hand brake indicator switch变光开关dimmer switch转向灯开关turn signal swich倒车灯开关back-up lamp siwthc停车灯开关parking lamp swich仪表灯开关instrument lamp switch门灯开关door lamp switch阅读灯开关reading lamp switch刮水器开关wiper switch洗涤器开关washer switch暖风开关heater switch雾灯开关fog lamp swtich防空灯开关black-out lamp swtich起动开关starting switch发动机预热起动开关engine start preheating switch蓄电池总开关battery main swtich起动转换开关battery change -over switch摇压开关rocker switch按钮开关push button switch扳扭开关toggle switch顶杆开关plunger switch推拉开关push pull switch旋转开关rotary switch组合开关multi-function switch。
Lesson 7 The Brakes
Lesson 7 TheBrakes The brakes may also be operated by mechanical linkages from the foot pedal and hand brake lever. mechanical linkage 机械连接 制动器也可以用制动踏板 制动手柄的机械制动装置操纵 制动踏板和 的机械制动装置操纵。 制动器也可以用制动踏板和制动手柄的机械制动装置操纵。 Common practice is to operate both front and rear brakes hydraulically with a secondary mechanical system operating the rear brakes only from the hand lever. 通常惯例是前、后制动器均为液压操纵，同时仅仅利用手柄的 仅仅利用手柄的辅助机 通常惯例是前、后制动器均为液压操纵，同时仅仅利用手柄的辅助机 械系统来操纵后制动器 来操纵后制动器。 械系统来操纵后制动器。 One of the great advantages of hydraulic operation is that the system is self-balancing, which means that the same pressure is automatically produced at all four brakes, whereas mechanical linkages have to be very carefully adjusted for balance. 液压操纵的最大优点之一是系统的自动平衡（自动调节） 液压操纵的最大优点之一是系统的自动平衡（自动调节），这就意味 着所有的四个制动器自动产生相等的压力， 着所有的四个制动器自动产生相等的压力，而机械传动装置必须经过 非常仔细的调整才能达到平衡。 非常仔细的调整才能达到平衡。
汽车配件英语词汇大全
汽车配件英语（按字母顺序排列）A-arm (悬架)A形臂=wishboneabbreviation(s) 缩略语ability 能力，性能，本领absolute 绝对的．纯粹的．无条件的absolute pressure sensor 绝对压力传感器absorber①减振(震]器．阻尼器②吸声层．吸收器(剂)absorption ①吸收，（取，附)accelerating 加速(的)accelerating ability 加速能力acceleration ①加速(过程．作用) ②加速度acceleration cable 加速踏板拉索．节气门拉索acceleration capability 加速性能acceleration-dependent 与加速相关的，依赖加速的acceleration enrichment (混合气)加速加浓air baffle①挡风板，折流板②(风冷发动机)导风板air bag/airbag安全气囊air-bag assembly 安全气囊组件air bag module ①同上②安全气囊控制模块air bellow (波纹式)空气箱air bellows (空气悬架)空气弹簧(气囊)air bleed 放气(孔)air bleeder 放气阀air brake 气压制动(器)air brake cylinder 气压制动缸，制动气室air brake(braking) system 气压制动系air cell 空(蓄]气室air cell chamber (柴油机)空气室燃烧室air chamber 空气腔air charge 空气充入，进气air charge temperature 进气温度air cleaner 空气滤清器air-cleaner cover 空气滤清器盖air compressor 空气压缩机，空压机air conditioner 空调装置，空调air conditioning ①同上②空气调节air control ①空气调节②(压缩空气)气动控制③(客厢通风)风量调节杆，风量控制air-controlled 压缩空气操纵的，气动的air control valve 空气控制阀air-cooled 空气冷却的，风冷的air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling 空气冷却，风冷air cushion 气垫，安全气囊air cutoff valve (二次)空气切断阀air damper ①空气阻尼器，气动缓冲器②空气活门，风门air dam skirt ①(汽车空气动力学)阻风板②导流板，阻风板，风挡air deficiency (进气系统)空气不足air deflector ①导流板，气流(偏)导板②(货车驾驶室)导风板，导流罩air density 空气密度air director 导风罩air distribution 空气(风量]分配air door ①空气阀门(闸板] ②(客厢通风)风门，空气节气门air drier 空气干燥器air-driven 气(压驱)动的，风动的air-dry 气干的air duct 风管，空气(导，输送)管air-fast 不透气的，密封的air filter 空气滤清器airflow ①(空)气流②空气流量air flow meter(sensor）空气流量计air/fuel (进气系统)空气／燃油air-fuel mixture (进气系统)空气、燃油混合气，(可燃)混合气air／fuel ratio 空燃比air funnel ①空气道②(连续燃油喷射)空气漏斗③(进气系统)进气喇叭口air gap ①气隙②(火花塞)跳火间隙air gauge 气压表air horn ①气喇叭②(化油器)上盖，进气口(=air inlet) air-hydraulic 气动液压的air injection ①空气喷射②(排放控制系)二次空气喷射air injection diverter 二次空气喷射分流器air injection pump (二次)空气喷射泵air injection reactor 二次空气喷射反应器air inlet ①空气进口②进气air intake ①进气②空气吸入孔，进气管air intake door (空调)空气进气节气门air intake heater 进气加热器air intake system 进气系统airless injection 机械压力喷射air lever (通风／控制器)空气控制杆air management 空气管理air mass (进气系统)空气质量，进气质量air-mass flow 进气质量流量air mass meter(sensor）质量型空气流量计air(-)meter 空气流量计air mixture door (空调器)空气混合风门air-out 出气，出气口air outlet ①空气出口，出气口②空气排(流，放]出air-over hydraulic ①气动-液压系统(俗称气顶油) ②气动液压的air over hydraulic brake system 气动液压制动系air-powered (压缩)空气驱动的，气动的air pressure 气压，大气压力air pressure horn 气喇叭airproof 密封的，气密的，不漏气的air rate 空气流量air reservoir 储气筒，空气储存容器air shield=air deflectorangular velocity 角速度annular groove 环(形)槽annular opening 环形孔annulus ①内齿轮，(齿)圈，(行星齿轮系)内齿圈②环形物，环形套筒antenna 天线anti-dazzle 【动，名】防眩(目)精彩文档antidazzle cap (前照灯)遮光帽，防眩(目)灯罩anti-dive (制动时)防俯冲(装置)antifreeze ①防冻(的) ②防冻剂，不冻液antifreezing fluid 防冻液antifriction bearing 滚动轴承antiglare 防眩光的，遮光的anti-interference 防干扰(的)antiknock ①抗爆燃(的) ②抗爆(燃)剂antiknock additive (汽油)抗爆添加剂antiknock quality (汽油)抗爆性ANTI LOCK (显示器用字符)防抱死制动anti-lock brake 防抱死制动系统，ABSanti-lock brake system 同上antiroll(ing) ①横向稳定的，防侧倾(的) ②抗滚(动)(的)，抗倾翻(的)anti-roll (车辆转弯时)抗侧倾anti(-)roll bar (悬架)横向稳定杆anti(-)roll bar link 横向稳定杆铰接(头)antirust 防锈(的)，耐锈(的)antiskid ①防滑移的②(制动系)防(车轮)抱死的antiskid system (制动系)防抱死系统antislip 防滑(转)anti-slip control 驱动防滑控制系统anti-slip regulation 同上antisplash 防溅污的，挡泥的anti-squat (车辆)防尾部下沉，防后坐anti squeal 消声(的)anti-theft (汽车)防盗(装置)anti-theft alarm 防盗报警(装置)aperture 孔，洞，隙缝A pillar (车身)前柱，A柱appearance 外观，外表appliance 用具，设备，仪表，附件applicable ①适用的②适当(合]的application ①应用，运用②作用，施加application force 作用力application of brakes 制动application pressure (制动蹄)作用压力application time 作用时间apply 【动】①应用，实施，运用②施加，作用(力，载荷)appointments 装置，设备approach angle 接近角approx．=approximate 近似(的)，大约(的)，左右apron (围)裙，(防护)挡板，裙板arbor (心，枢，主)轴，（刀）杆，芯骨arc ①电弧，弧光②弧形的arch ①拱(形，顶)，弓形②(车身)轮室arched tire 拱形轮胎area ①地区，区域，领域，范围，场地②面积areometer 液体密度计arm ①臂，(手)柄，杆，(条，轮)辐②指针，指示器③支架，扶手armature 电枢armature coil 电枢线圈armored hose 铠装软管arm rest (内部设施)肘靠arm support (内部设施)肘靠，放手垫arrangement ①排列，布置②装置，设备arrow 箭(头)，指针articulate 【动】①用关节相连，铰(链)接(合)，活动连接②铰链的，曲柄的，活节的articulated ①铰接的，铰链连接的，有关节的②摆动的，回转的articulated vehicle 铰接式车辆，带半挂车的牵引车ash 灰，粉尘，尘埃ash tray(case) 烟灰盒aspect angle 视界角aspect ratio (轮胎)高宽比assemble 【动】装配，安装，组合assembled 装配式(的)，安装的，组合的assembled camshaft 组合式凸轮轴assembled crankshaft 装配式曲轴assembly ①装配，组装②总成，组(合)件assembly&disassembly 装配和拆卸，组装和分解assembly drawing 装配图assembly instructions 装配指南，安装说明(书) assembly line data link 汇编行数据通信链路assist 【动，名】①帮助，促使②加速(器)，辅助装置③助手assistant ①助剂，辅助物②辅助的assistant driver seat (货车)副驾驶座椅assist grip (车内)扶手，拉手assist handle (客车)扶手assist spring 辅助弹簧，副簧assist strap (客车)吊带，拉手assist type ①辅助装置型式②(制动系)助力(器)型式asymmetric(al) 不对称的，不平衡的atmospheric(al) ①大气(中)的②空气的．常压的atmospheric pressure 大气压力，气压atmospheric suspended 大气悬浮式attach 【动】①附着，连接②固定,吊挂attached 附上…的，连接的，固定的attachment ①附着，连接，固定②附着物，附件attemperator 温度调节器，恒温器audio system 音响系统authorized 允许的，特约的，指定的authorized axle load (底盘)允许轴荷载authorized service shop 特约维修站authorized workshop 特约修理厂auto ①自动的②汽车auto- 【词头】①自身(的) ②同源（的）③自动(的) auto accessories 汽车附件auto antenna ①汽车天线②自动天线autobulb 汽车灯泡autoignition ①(汽油机)自动点火，自燃②(柴油机)压燃automaker 汽车制造商automatic ①自动(化，操作)的②自动装置automatic air conditioner 自动空调器automatic brake (制动系)自动制动器automatic compensation ①自动补偿②(间隙)自动调整automatic control 自动控制automatic gearbox 自动变速器automatic heater 自动加热器精彩文档automatic locking differential 自动锁止式差速器automatic ride control 行驶平顺性自动控制automatic shift 自动换档automatic stability control 加速防滑控制系统(=traction control system)automatic timing ①自动调节配气相位②自动正时automatic transaxle 自动变速驱动桥automatic transmission 自动变速器automatic transmission fluid 自动变速器液automobile 汽车(尤指私人乘用车)automobile technique 汽车技术automotive equipment 汽车装备automotive parts 汽车零(部)件，汽车配件Automotive Service Excellence／ASE (美国)汽车维修技能鉴定协会(汽车维修技师的技能鉴定组织) automotive stabilization system 汽车稳定系统auto(-)parts 汽车零部件autoshift (自动变速器)自动换档autothermic piston 防热膨胀活塞auto tire 汽车轮胎auto-truck 货车，载货汽车，卡车auxiliary ①辅助的②附件，辅助设备auxiliary air ①二次空气②辅助空气auxiliary brake ①(行车制动器)辅助制动(器)，缓速器②驻车制动器auxiliary chamber 副燃烧室auxiliary device 辅助装置average ①平均的，普通的②平均(数，值) average braking (制动系)中等制动average consumption ①平均消耗(量) ②(发动机)平均耗油量awning 篷awning pipe 篷杆axial 轴向的，轴流式的axial ball bearing 轴向推力球轴承axial bearing 轴向推力轴承axial clearance 轴向间隙axial flow 轴流(式)，轴向气流axial line 轴线axial play 轴向间隙axial runout 轴向偏摆axis ①(旋转物体所绕以旋转的)轴②轴线, 坐标轴(线)axis of rotation 旋转轴axle ①(车辆)车桥，轴②心捧，(轴)杆③半轴axle air vent 桥壳通气(阀，口)axle arm (悬架)车桥(定位，控制)臂axle base (底盘)轴距，前后桥距axle bearing ①半轴轴承②轴支承axle body (底盘)轴身，车桥壳axle bracket (底盘)车桥支座axle case 桥壳，半轴轴壳axle end ①轴端②(非转向和非驱动桥)车桥轴颈③半轴轴端④半轴轴颈axle housing (车)桥壳axle load (底盘)车桥载荷axle nut 半轴螺母axle ratio 主传动比，驱动桥速比axle shaft (车桥)半轴，驱动轴axle side shake 车轴横向振动axle sleeve ①轴壳②半轴套管axle spindle 车轴轴颈axle spread 轴距axle tube 半轴套管，驱动桥壳管babbit metal 巴氏合金babbit(t) 巴氏合金(的)back ①背(面，部)，后部②(座椅)靠背backbone ①构架，骨架，主干，脊骨②(底盘／车架)脊骨型③(人体)脊骨back door (车身)后背门back engine (车辆)后置发动机back fire (内燃机)回火，放炮backfiring 同上backing．①背衬，衬(垫，板，底,里) ②底座，基础，垫片③支架靠背④倒车，向后行驶，倒转back lamp 尾灯backlash 间隙back light ①尾灯②(车身)后窗玻璃backlite (车身)后窗(玻璃)(=backlight)back mirror 后视镜back panel ①(货车驾驶室)后围板②(车身后端)后板back plate ①(离合器)盖②底板，背(面)板③(车身／驾驶室)后围板④(鼓式制动器)底板，(盘式制动器制动衬块)背板back-play 游隙，空隙backpressure ①背压②反压(力)back pressure transducer 背压传感器backrest (座椅)靠背back side panel 后侧板back tilt adjuster 靠背倾角调节器back(-)up ①(车辆)倒车②备件③(作)备件用的，备用的④备用功能，失效保护功能back-up buzzer 倒车报警器back-up fuse 备用熔断器(丝)backup lamp(light) 倒车灯backup power 备用电源back-up ring (密封件)挡环back valve 背压阀back view 后视图back wall ①(客车)后围②后板baffle ①隔板②导流板③【动】阻碍，阻断，挡回baffle plate ①隔板，挡板②(液力变矩器) 导流叶片③(油底壳)稳定板，机油挡板bag 袋，气囊baggage 行李baggage compartment (车身)行李箱baggage holder 行李架balance 平衡，均衡，均势balance bar 平衡杆balance block 平衡块balanced 平衡的，处于平衡状态的balancer ①平衡器，配重②(车间／车轮)动平衡机balance weight 平衡质量，平衡配重balancing 平衡，补偿ball 球(状物)，滚珠精彩文档ball-and-cage constant velocity joint 球笼式等角速万向节ball-and-nut steering gear 球和螺母转向器ball-and-socket 球窝式的，球节的ball-and-socket joint 球接头，球(窝)关节ballast ①镇定物，平稳器②(电气)镇流器(电阻] ③(前照灯)控制器ballast resistance 镇流电阻ballast resistor ①(点火系)附加电阻②镇流电阻器ballast weight 平衡重，压舱重(物)ball bearing 球轴承ball-bearing race 球轴承座圈ball cup 球(头)座ball head 球头(轴)bellows ①波纹管，伸缩软管②橡胶气囊belt ①带，皮带②(轮胎)带束层belt anchorage 安全带锚定belt drive 带传动beltline (车身)腰线belt pulley (传动)带轮belt tension 带张力belt tensioner 带张紧器bench ①(客厢)长条座椅，长凳②(工作)台，架，座，(试验)台架bench seat 长条座椅bend ①弯曲②弯管，弯曲物bendable 可挠曲的bending 弯曲(度)，扭弯Bendix drive (起动机)惯性式离合器bent 弯曲的berth (货车驾驶室)卧铺bevel ①斜角，(斜)边，坡口②倾斜的，斜角的，圆锥的bevel epicyclic hub reductor 行星锥齿轮式轮边减速器bevel gear ①锥齿轮②锥齿轮传动bevelled ①倾斜的，有斜面的，切有倒角的②锥形的，(活塞环)锥面的bezel ①装饰圈，(仪表)框(架)，玻璃框②(前照灯)装饰圈，边框③照明刻度盘④斜刃面，斜肋bias ①偏差②偏斜的bias(-)belted tire 带束斜交轮胎bias ply (轮胎)斜交帘布层bias tire 斜交(帘线)轮胎big end (连杆)大头bi-level (空调出风)双向bilge 弯度bimetallic 双金属的bimetallic vacuum switching valve 双金属真空开关阀bind 【动】捆，绑，扎binding ①(车身)压条②结合③扎线，包带④粘合的，捆扎的black oil 黑油，齿轮油black smoke (排气)黑烟bladder accumulator 囊式蓄压器blade ①叶(片) ②刀(片，刃，口)，刃③(插头和插座式连接器)插片④(刮水器)刮片blade element (刮水器)橡胶刮片blade ring 叶片圈blade socket 片式插座blade terminal 接线片，片式插头blade wheel 叶轮，(叶轮泵)转子blast 【动，名】①(车间)喷洗，喷砂②鼓风bleed 【动】放出，泄漏，放(油，气，水)bleed air (液压系统)放出空气bleeder ①放气装置②放水阀bleed(er)screw 放气螺钉bleeder valve 放泄阀bleed hole ①放气孔②溢流孔bleeding ①(液压系统)放气③渗漏bleeding valve 放泄阀，溢流阀blending 混合blending box (供暖装置)混合室blending door (供暖装置)混合风门blind ①盲的，单凭仪表操纵的②封闭的，堵死的，不通的③帘，幕，百叶窗，挡板④嵌入的，埋头的⑤【动】使目眩blind hole 不通孔，盲孔blinding ①眩目的②模糊(的)blind nut 闷盖螺母blister ①气泡②局部隆起，起泡block ①块(体，材，料，形)，方块②部分，区(段，组，间) ③单元，部件④(气)缸体⑤阻塞block diagram (方)框图blocking 阻塞，闭锁，中断blocking device 锁定装置blocking element 闭锁元件blocking ring (同步器)锁环blow 1．【名】①吹(风)，喷②打(击) ③(熔断器)烧断2．【动】①吹风，充气②(熔断器)烧断，熔化blow back 【动】(发动机)反冲blow-back (发动机)反冲，回火blow-by (活塞环)窜气，不密封blow(-)by gas (活塞环)漏气blower 鼓风机，风扇blower unit 鼓风机(装置)blow hole ①气孔②气眼，砂眼blowing ①吹风，鼓风②漏气，起泡，喷出③发火④(熔断器)熔断blown (熔断器)熔断的blow off 【动】放，排(出)blow out 【动】①熔断③爆破，漏气blowout ①爆裂，爆破②熔断blue smoke (排放)蓝烟board ①板，台②管理局③车载(的)bob weight 配重，平衡锤body ①车身，(货车)车厢，货箱②车身，机壳③(活塞)裙部④(人)身体body accessories 车身附件body care 车身维护body cavity 车身空腔body-chassis unit 承载式车身body door 车门body electrics 车身电气设备body gate (车辆)①车身盖②货箱(活动)栏板body member ①(车辆)车身组成部分，车身元body rail (车辆)车身梁精彩文档body shell ①(乘用车)车身本体(不含附件及装饰件、未涂漆的车身，俗称“白车身”) ②(货车)驾驶室本体body skeleton 车身骨架skirt 车身裙部body structure ①车身结构②=body shellbody wax 车身抛光蜡bodywork 车身(制造，修理)bolster ①(牵引车)鞍座(装置) ②承枕，垫木③(车架)横梁，(货箱)横梁bolt 螺栓bolted 用螺栓固定的bond ①胶(粘)剂，腔水②(焊接)熔合区③【名，动】粘接，结合bonded (被)粘结的bonding ①粘接，结合②粘结料bonnet 罩，盖boost 【动，名】①(发动机)增压，加大功率②助推，加速③加强，提高，增加④(低频)放大，增强booster. 助力器boot ①(车身)行李箱②(客货两用车)行李舱，货舱③罩．防尘套．(橡皮)套管boot box ①(车身)行李箱盒②(内部设施)行李箱盆形衬箱，行李箱内护套boot dish 同上“②”bore ①孔，腔，膛．洞②孔径bore diameter ①孔径②缸径bore×stroke 缸径×行程boss ①轮毂②套筒③(铸件等的)凸起部bottom ①底(部)．下部，末端②基础，根基③(连杆)大头bottom dead center 下止点bottom end ①下端，底部②(连杆)大头③(活塞行程)下止点bouncing 振动boundary friction 边界摩檫bow ①弓(形物)．弧，拱②弓形部分③(车顶／车身)弓形杆．篷弓bowl 碗．杯．盘box ①箱．盒．匣，接线盒②外壳．套．罩box body (载货汽车)厢式车厢box section 箱形截面，封闭式断面box spanner 套筒扳手box-type 箱形的．盒式的brace 支撑件．支柱．拉杆．系杆braced 加强的．撑牢的．支撑的braced(-tread)tire 带束层轮胎brace panel 加强板bracing ①撑条．支柱(撑]，撑杆．加强肋②加固．支撑．加劲③(货物)系紧bracket 支架．支柱braided strap 编织带brake ①制动器②制动，刹车brake action 制动(作用)brake activation 操纵制动brake adjuster 制动器(间隙)调节器brake anchor plate ①制动器底板②制动蹄支承盘brake application (施加)制动brake arm 制动杆brake assembly 制动器总成brake assist 辅助制动装置brake back(ing) plate 制动器底板brake balance 制动力平衡(分配)brake band 制动带brake boost (制动系)制动助力brake booster 制动助力器brake bottom plate 制动底板brake cable 制动拉索brake caliper 制动钳brake-caliper frame 制动钳框架brake cam 制动(操纵)凸轮brake chamber (气压制动系)制动(气)室brake circuit (制动系)制动回路brake clearance 制动器间隙brake control ①制动操纵②制动驱动机构brake cup 制动器皮碗brake cylinder 制动缸braked axle 有制动器的车桥brake disk 制动盘brake dive (车辆)制动点头brake drum 制动鼓braked wheel 有制动器的车轮brake fade 制动衰减，制动器逐渐失灵brake failure 制动失效brake fault 制动故障brake feel(ing) 制动感(觉)brake fluid 制动液．刹车油brake-fluid level (制动液罐)制动液面brake grinder 制动片磨削机brake hop 制动时车轮的垂直振动brake horsepower (发动机)制动功率brake hose 制动软管brake judder 制动器颤抖brake lever ①制动拉杆②制动拉杆手柄brake line(pipe) 制动管路brake lining 制动衬片，制动蹄(摩擦)片Brake light switch煞车灯开关brake master cylinder 制动主缸(总泵) brake oil 制动液brake pad (盘式制动器)制动衬块brake pedal 制动踏板brake-pedal cup 制动踏板密封罩brake performance 制动性能brake pipe 制动管brake plate (自动变速器)制动片brake plunger (自动变速器)制动器活塞brake power ①制动力②有效功率brake pressure ①制动气压②制动压力brake pull rod (鼓式制动器)制动拉杆brake release 制动(器)释放brake reservoir 制动液储罐brake response 制动反应brake rod 制动拉杆brake rotor 制动盘(=brake disk)brake servo ①制动助力②制动助力器brake shoe 制动蹄brake shoe anchor(pin) 制动蹄支承销精彩文档braking ability 制动性(能)braking action (车辆)制动作用braking distance 制动距离braking drag 制动拖滞braking failure 制动失效braking skid 制动滑移braking swerve 制动甩尾braking system 制动系(=brake system)braking test 制动试验brass drift 黄铜冲子break 【动，名】①断口，破裂．断开．折断②中断．间歇breakage ①破坏，裂口，破损处②(电气)断路．断线．击穿．故障breakdown ①击穿②破坏．断裂．崩溃，熔断③故障，运转失灵④减速，下降，制动breaker ①(轮胎)缓冲层②断电器breakerless 无触点的break-in ①走合．磨合，试车②闯入break-in alarm 闯入报警装置breaking-in 走合试车．试运转breaking-in period 走合期break of plies (轮胎)帘布层断裂break-out (轮胎)①断裂．破裂②爆破break out box ①断开检测盒(用于检测电脑) ②(测量时用)接线盒breather 通风器breather pipe 通气管breather valve 呼吸阀bridge ①桥(粱) ②电桥．桥路．③(蓄电池)连接条bridge piece ①(配气机构)横臂②连接弯管bridging ①(电气)桥接．②(火花塞)搭桥现象．(间隙)短路brighten 【动】使亮或较亮．抛光．打磨brightener 抛光剂．光亮剂．上光蜡bright luster 镜面光泽broad beam (前照灯)宽光束broadside impact (车辆)侧部碰撞broad-slotted 宽槽的broad track 宽轮距broken ①破碎的．打破的②折断的，破裂的broken tread (轮胎)断续花纹bronze 青铜brush 刷(子)．电刷brush carrier (电)刷架brush lead ①电刷移前②电刷引线brushless 无(电)刷的bubble 气泡bucket 斗(状物)bucket seat 斗式座椅bucket tappet (配气机构)筒式挺柱bucking ①顶撞，反作用②(汽车等)猛烈开动buckle ①(安全带)带扣，插扣(座) ②系紧接头，拉紧套筒③曲皱，纵向弯曲，变形buckle anchorage (安全带)插扣固定(器)buckle button (安全带)插扣按钮buckle latch (安全带)带扣舌簧buffer 减振器，缓冲器buffering 缓冲(作用)，减振，阻尼buffer spring 缓冲弹簧buffer stopper (悬架)缓冲块buffing paste 抛光膏buffing wax 抛光蜡build up 【动】①增强②装配，安装③造成④组合⑤堆焊，熔接⑥添加燃料build-up ①隆起，形成，构成，产生②(压力)提高，增大，上升build up welding 堆焊built-in 内装的，埋入的built-in hydrometer 埋入式液体密度计built-up ①组合的，组装(成)的②可分解的，可折卸的bulb ①灯泡，白炽灯(泡) ②(小)球，球状物bulb holder 灯(泡)座bulge ①【动】凸起，膨胀②凸突部分③膨胀bulletin 公报，报告bump ①撞(击)，冲撞②(车辆)颠簸行驶③【动】碰(撞)，撞击bumper①(车身)保险杠②(悬架)缓冲块，(橡胶)限位块bumper arm 保险杠托架bumper bar 保险杠杆bumper bow 保险杠弓形件bumper bracket 保险杠托架bumper clamp 保险杠夹持装置bumper corner 保险杠拐角(可拆下的左侧或右侧一段弧形保险杠)bumper cover 保险杠外套bumper fascia 保险杠面板bumper holder 保险杠托架bumper housing 缓冲壳体bumper mounting 保险杠安装bumper pad 保险杠镶条bumper rail 保险杠杆bumper rubber 保险杠橡胶嵌条bumper shock 保险杠缓冲器bumper stay 保险杠托架bumping ①碰撞，撞击，冲撞②颠簸，摇动③造成凹凸bump stroke (悬架弹簧)压缩行程bump toe-in (车轮)前束改变burn 【动】①燃烧，点着②烧焦，烧毁burnishing powder 抛光粉burn off 【动】烧掉burn-off temperature (火花塞)自净温度burn oil 烧机油burnt 烧坏(毁]的，过烧的burnt gas 废气，排气，燃烧的气态产物burnt valve 烧蚀的气门bus ①客车②总线，母线bush(ing) 衬套，轴承套，套筒，轴衬butterfly nut 蝶形螺母button ①(旋，电)钮，按钮(开关)，(电，按)键②钮扣状物，球形把手button cell 钮扣电池button head (螺钉)圆头buzz ①【动】发嗡嗡声②嗡嗡声精彩文档buzzer 蜂鸣器bypass 旁路，旁通，旁(通)管，分路bypass air (进气系统)旁通空气bypass valve 旁通阀cab ①(货车)驾驶室②【俗语】出租汽车cab-behind-engine 长头驾驶室(的)cab body 驾驶室本体cab-forward type 前置式驾驶室的，平头的cabin ①(乘用车)客厢，车内②(货车)驾驶室(=cab) carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon fiber 碳(素)纤维carbon-fouled 积碳‘污染的carbonization 结焦，形成积碳carbon knock 积碳(引起的)爆燃carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carburation 汽化(作用)，雾化carburetor 化油器(＝carburettor)carcass ①骨架，构架②壳体③机壳，定子④(轮胎)胎体cardan 万向节，万向接头cardan drive 万向节传动(装置)cardan joint (十字轴)万向节cardan shaft 万向节传动轴cardan universal joint (十字轴)万向节cargo ①货物②荷重，载荷cargo-bus 客货两用车cargo floor 货箱底板carpet 地毯，毡层carpeted 铺有地毯的carpeting 地毯carriage ①车辆②车架③底座，承重装置④滑座，(机床的)拖板，机器的滑动部分⑤运输carrier ①(货运)运载工具，搬运汽车②托架底盘，承重构件③行路装置④(催化剂)载体，床car salon 汽车展览会，车展cartridge fuse 管式熔断器，熔丝管case (外，机)壳，壳体，箱case extension 外壳的伸出部分，延伸外壳case ground 外壳接地caster ①(前轮)主销后倾(角) ②(机器／家具)小脚轮caster action (转向轮)主销后倾的回正作用caster angle (转向节主销)后倾角caster effect 主销后倾稳定效应cast-in-block 整体铸造的casting ①铸造(法)，浇铸②铸件③铸塑cast iron 铸铁，生铁castle nut 槽顶螺母cat 【俗语】催化转化器catalyst 催化剂catalytic(al) 催化的，起触媒作用的catalytic bed 催化剂载体catalytic converter 催化转化器catalytic convertor 同上catalytic trap oxidizer (柴油机)催化-捕捉式氧化器(把排气中的炭微粒过滤并烧去)catch 1．【名】①掣子，定位器，(抓)爪，抓钩，簧舌②(门锁／车身)门闩，门锁撞销2．【动】①捕捉②锁住，锁定catch bolt (门锁)掣子销，撞销(装在车身柱上的门锁定位件，＝lock striker)catcher ①抓器，捕捉器②收集器③(行程)限制器category ①种类，类别，等级②范畴，类型caution plate 警告事项牌caution signal 警告标志cavity (空)腔，空穴，气孔，凹处cavity sealant (车身)空腔密封胶，空腔浸渍剂ceiling (车身／客厢)顶篷，车顶内衬ceiling lamp (车内照明)顶灯cell ①(蓄)电池，单格电池②小室，箱，舱，单元cell pole (蓄电池)单格电池端子cellular 蜂窝状的，多孔的cellular radiator 蜂窝式散热器center airbag sensor assembly 安全气囊中央传感器组件center air outlet (客厢／通风)中间出风口，仪表板处通风口center bolt 中心螺栓center-bolt filter 中心螺栓式滤清器center console (客厢)①中间副仪表板，中间(落地)操纵台②中间通道罩center console box (车身内)中间(落地)操纵台center drive shaft 中间驱动轴(前轮驱动车，指与差速器结合的那半根驱动轴)center electrode 中央电极center highmounted stop lamp (车后)中央高位制动灯，第三制动灯centering ①定(中)心，对中②中心校正，对准中心(调整)，找中centering ball 定心钢球center line 中心线，轴线center mount ①中间支架②(车轮)中心安装center of gravity 重心center of mass 质心center pillar (车身)中柱，B柱charging efficiency 充气效率charging system 充电系(统)charging valve 充入阀chart 图表，曲线图，略图chassis ①(车辆)底盘②底板③机架，框架chassis and cab 带驾驶室底盘chassis cowl 带车头底盘check 1．【名】①检查，校对②制止，控制，止动器③(车身／车门)限位器2．【动】①检查，校验②抑制，制止check connector 诊断插座，检查插接器check engine 检查发动机checking ①检查②裂纹check mode 检查模式(=test mode)check nut 锁紧螺母check valve 单向阀，止回阀，(喷油泵)出油阀check-valve carrier (喷油泵)出油阀(压)紧座child-proof door lock 儿童安全门锁child restraint 幼童坐篮chisel 錾(子)，凿(子)choke ①阻塞，节流，扼止②(进气系统)阻风门③精彩文档扼流(线)圈，扼流器choked ①阻塞的②(发动机)节流的chrome／Cr 铬，Crchromed 镀铬的churning ①(机油)搅拌②(减振器油)发泡，起泡沫cigar(ette)lighter 点烟器circle ①圆(形物)，圆周②周期，循环circlet 小圈，锁环circlip 弹性挡圈，开口弹簧环圈circlip pliers 挡圈钳circuit 电路circuit breaker 电路断电器circular 圆形的circulation 循环(量)circumference ①圆周(长)，周围②周界，圆周线circumferential ①圆周的②周(围，边，缘)的city beam (前照灯)近光(光束)city cycle 市区循环city truck 市内挨户送货货车claim ①【动】要求，声称，索赔②(专利)权利clamp ①夹，卡箍，夹紧装置②线夹⑧压板clamping bolt 夹紧螺栓clasp ①扣子，扣紧物，钩环②【动】扣住，钩住claw ①爪(形器具)，钩，钳，卡爪②耳，把手，凸起(部)claw clutch 爪形离合器，牙嵌联轴节，牙嵌套claw pole (发电机)爪极claw washer 带齿垫圈cleaner 滤清器，除污器cleaner bowl 滤清器壳cleanliness 清洁度clear 1．【形】①清晰的②清洁的，光亮的③(纯)净的④无障碍的，畅通的，清除了…的2．【动】清除，(计数器)归零3．【名】空隙，间隙clearance 间隙，净空，(公差中的)公隙clearance fit 动配合clearance lamp 示廓灯clearance volume 燃烧室容积clevis ①U形钩②牵引弹簧钩click ①(棘)爪，掣子，棘轮机构②插销，定位销③卡嗒声climate control 温度和通风控制，气候调节climb 【动，名】上坡climbability (车辆)爬坡能力climbing 【形，名】上升(的)climbing capacity (车辆)爬坡能力clip ①卡子，夹(子，片)，(夹)钳，钢夹，(卡)箍②线夹，接线柱，支架，压板clockwise 顺时针(方向的)，右旋(的)clogging ①阻塞②结渣，(活塞环)粘住clog warning sensor 堵塞报警传感器closed circuit 闭(合回)路，闭合电路closed hole 盲孔，闷孔closed(-)loop 闭合回路，闭环closed nozzle (柴油机)闭式喷油嘴closed throttle position 节气门关闭位置closing (关，封)闭，闭合，闭路，接通cloth 布，织物，(纤维)织品cluster gear 中间轴上的齿轮组(件)clutch 离合器clutch cover 离合器盖clutch disc hub (离合器)从动盘毂clutch disk 离合器从动盘clutch drag 离合器分离不彻底clulch housing(case) 离合器外壳．飞轮壳clutch operation 离合器操纵机构clutch judder 离合器颤振clutch plate ①(自动变速器)离台器盘②离合器从动盘clutch plate lining 从动盘摩擦衬片clutch release cylinder 离合器工作缸clutch shaft 离合器轴(变速器第一轴)clutch start switch (用离合器操作的)起动安全开关，离合器起动开关coach ①长途客车②客车车身coarse filter 粗滤清器coast 【动．名】(惯性)滑行．滑下coast clutch (自动变速器)滑行离合器coasting (车辆)(惯性)滑行coat ①涂层．层②外套coating ①涂层．蒙皮，外壳②涂布．上胶cock 旋塞(阀)．龙头．活栓code ①(代)码．编码②规程，法规．标准coefficient 系数coefficient of adhesion 附着系数coefficient of air resistance 空气阻力系数coefficient of drag 阻力系数coefficient of efficiency ①有效系数．效率②使用系数cog belt (同步)齿带coil ①线圈，绕组②盘管．卷状物coil spring 螺旋弹簧cold plug 冷型火花塞cold-resistant 抗冷的．防冻的cold start (发动机)冷起动cold start injector 冷起动喷油器collar ①环(状物)，圈．箍②联轴节．接头．套管③法兰，凸缘．轴(凸]肩．凸台collector ①集电环②换向器，整流子③收集器．集流管．歧管collector ring (电机)集电环，滑环collision 碰撞，打击column 柱(状物)column (gear)shift 转向管柱式变速杆combination ①组合②汽车列车combination headlamp 组合前照灯combination instrument 组合仪表combination pliers 鲤鱼钳combination switch 组合开关combination valve (制动系)组合阀combinatory transmission 组合式变速器combined ①组合的②合成的．化合的combined retarder 综合式缓速器(装有手动操纵机构的缓速器)combustion chamber 燃烧室精彩文档。
鼓式制动器（Drumbrake）
鼓式制动器（Drum brake）Drum brake maintenance data database > > Shanghai general > > > braking systemDrum brake1. Specifications2. Maintenance3. DescriptionA, specification1. Parts specificationsApplication specificationWheel cylinder piston diameter 19.05 mmThe width of the drum is 28 mmDrum diameter (new) 200 mmThe diameter of the drum is 201 mmAllowable maximum eccentricity of 0.1 mmBrake friction lining thickness (with rivets) 0.5mm2. Tightening torqueApplication specificationThe rear brake floor bolt is 50 newtonsWheel cylinder bolts 9 Newton metersThe brake pipe that is connected to the wheel cylinder is 16 newtonsExhaust valve 6 Newton metersAnti-lock braking system tail sensor bolt 4 newtonsSecond, the maintenanceCheck the brake lining· check brake lining for every 15,000 kilometers.· check the brake lining when removing the wheel (tire replacement, etc.).· remove the rubber plug in the hole of the brake lining.· check the thickness of the brake friction li ner 2 mm.Whenever the brake friction lining is worn down to 2mm, the drum brake friction lining is changed. If it is a brake lining witha riveted rivet, replace the lining when the liner is worn to0.5mm of the rivet head. The drum brake friction lining is replaced by shaft sleeve.· install the rubber plug of the observation hole.2. The replacement of brake lining(1) remove1) lift up and properly support the vehicle.2) mark the position of the wheel relative to the hub.3) remove the wheel and tire.4) remove the brake drum.Remove the car brake line from the pull of the bar.6) remove the top pullback liner (remove with spring clamp), as shown in figure 5-7.7) remove the back spring and spring bracket with a screwdriver.8) remove the adjusting slider, as shown in figure 5-8.9) remove the compression spring wafer, spring and its fixed pin with KM - 346 tool.Remove brake drum.11) be sure to replace all brake friction linings on a shaft.(2) to install1) install brake floor surface.2) contact area with point noise reduction tape, see the arrow in fig.5-9.3) connect the brake cable to the brake lining.4) the compression spring and the spring sheet are installed by the brake lining.5) install the bottom pullback spring and brake guide friction lining.6) ensure the correct position of the standing car.7) install the slider regulator between the two brake friction lining.8) install small disc washer on the new brake lining.Important notes:Ensure that the small disc washer is mounted on the brake lining, otherwise the brake will fail or damage the brake lining.9) install the spring adjusting rack on rotary pin.10) install spring adjusting bracket.11) install the top pullback spring with a spring clamp.12) install the brake drum.13) adjust the gap of the drum bearing.14) adjust brake friction lining. Perform 10-15 braking to adjust the brake to make sure the gap is correct.Note: the brake pedal can be automatically adjusted by pressing the brake pedal several times.15) install tires and wheels.16) match the original mark on the wheel and drum.17) lower the vehicle.18) add the clean brake fluid to the appropriate level.19) polished linings and drums.3. Lining and drum polishing1) polishing the new brake surface after replacing the brake lining.2) polish the new brake surface after finishing or replacing the drum.3) brake 20 times at a speed of 48 km/h to polish the new brake surface.4) press brake pedal with medium to strong force. Do notoverheat the brake.Note: the emergency brake should be avoided within 200 kilometers of the new brake lining.4. Replacement of rear brake(1) remove1) lift up and properly support the vehicle.2) mark the position of the wheel relative to the drum.3) remove tires and wheels.4) remove the brake drum.Remove the parking brake cable from the brake.Remove the brake tube on the rear axle.7) remove the tail sensor of anti-lock braking system.Remove the bottom bolts of the tail damper.10) remove the four bolts of the rear brake.Remove the rear brake.(2) to install1) clean and inspect wheel core shaft surface.2) new bolts are used for rear brake backstop and rear axle. Tighten bolts to 50 Newton m + 30 ° to 45 & ordm; It is.Important note: do not use old bolts for rear brake.3) install the parking brake cable.4) install the brake bolt into the rear brake wheel cylinder. Tighten the brake bolt to 4 Newton meters.5) install rear shock absorber bolts. Tighten the bolts to 65 Newton meters.6) install brake drum.7) install and adjust the post-lock braking system after the rear brake:· install the sensor and tighten the screws with your fingers.· push the sensor until it can't move, and tighten it with screws.· adjust the lever by turning the lever clockwise for 30 degrees.· tighten bolts to 4 Newton meters.8) add the clean brake fluid to the appropriate level.9) if the entry connector assembly is removed, the air in the brake is discharged.10) force the brake pedal with about 238 newtons if necessary.11) check whether the hydraulic braking system has brake fluid leakage.12) install tires and wheels.13) lower the vehicle.5. Replacement of brake wheel cylinder(1) remove1) add the brake fluid to the "highest" mark.2) remove the dust cover to the brake drum.3) remove wheel spindle locking pin and nut.4) remove the brake drum.5) remove the top pullback spring with a spring clamp.6) disassemble the cylinder brake tube.7) remove the exhaust valve.8) remove wheel cylinder bolts.9) remove the wheel cylinder.(2) to install1) install the wheel cylinder on the brake pad. Tighten the bolts to 9 Newton meters.2) install the brake tube on the wheel cylinder. Tighten the brake tube to 16 newtons.3) install the exhaust valve on the wheel cylinder. Tighten the exhaust valve to 6 newtons.4) install the top spring.5) install brake drum.6) adjust the gap of brake drum bearing.7) the air in the emission brake system is checked.8) adjust brake lining space. Perform 10-15 braking to adjust the brake to ensure the gap is correct.9) install the wheel and tighten it to 110 Newton meters.6. Overhaul of brake cylinder(1) remove1) remove the cylinder of brake wheel, see figure 5-10. Remove wheel cylinder cover.2) remove the wheel cylinder piston. Blow the compressed air into the cylinder inlet hole of the wheel.3) the piston will hold out the piston shield.4) clean all parts with clean alcohol instead of other liquids.Check the cylinder diameter and piston for scratches, scratches, corrosion and wear.6) if one of the above situations occurs, replace the wheel cylinder shell and piston.Caution: do not remove the sealing ring with metal tools. Otherwise, the cylinder diameter or seal groove will be damaged.7) remove piston seal from wheel cylinder groove.8) check the cylinder diameter and seal grooves for scratches, scratches, corrosion and wear.9) use a fine abrasive cloth to grind away the slight corrosion.10) if the corrosion of the sealing grooves cannot be worn with fine grinding cloth, the wheel cylinder will be replaced.11) check whether the hood has been cut, broken and aged.12) replace damaged shields.13) check whether the seal grooves in the wheel cylinders have scratches or burrs. Replace the wheel cylinder if the seal groove is damaged.Remove exhaust valve cover and exhaust valve from wheel cylinder.15) clean all parts with clean industrial alcohol.L6) dry all parts with filtered, unlubricated compressed air.17) blow out the air in all the pipes of the caliper shell and exhaust valve. Use compressed air that is filtered without lube.(2) assembly1) install a new lubricated piston packing ring in the groove of the wheel cylinder. Make sure the piston seal is not distorted.2) install the lubrication shield on the piston.3) lubricate the piston with a clean brake fluid.4) install the piston and shield in the cylinder bore. Push the piston to the bottom of the cylinder.5) place the cylinder cover in the cylinder shell reaming.6) install the exhaust valve and exhaust valve cover in the wheel cylinder. Tighten the exhaust valve to 6 newtons.7) install wheel cylinders.7. Change of brake drum(1) remove1) lift up and properly support the vehicle.2) remove tires and wheels.3) remove the brake drum dust cap.Remove lock pin for wheel bolts and nuts.Note: if necessary, remove the parking brake cable on the compensation fork. Use a screwdriver to pull the lever to make contact with brake lining.5) remove the outer bearing of the brake drum.Remove brake drum.7) remove the brake drum inner bearings and seals.8) clean the metal contact between brake bolts and brake drumbearings.(2) to installL) install brake drum bearings and new seal rings.2) adjust the gap of wheel bearing.3) install tires and wheels.4) lower the vehicle.5) adjust brake lining space.6) perform 10-15 braking to adjust the brake to ensure that the gap is correct.Finish the surface of the brake drumImportant note: do not adjust the surface of the brake drum to correct the following conditions.- brake noise (rumble/screaming)- early wear of brake friction liningNote: whenever the brake drum is separated from the wheel bearings and brake drum bolts, use the hub cleaning tool to clean up the rust or foreign body of the brake drum, bearing and brake drum bolts. Otherwise the brake noise and the jump will increase.1) remove the rear brake drum.2) remove the brake drum bearing sealing ring and bearing.3) clean the inner surface of wheel bearing and brake drum.4) use J21177 and measure the diameter of the brake drum. If the brake drum is more than 201 mm in diameter, do not use the full brake drum surface. Replace the brake drum.5) finish the surface of the brake drum.Important note: if you do not get the best brake drum surface, the brake will have difficulty.6) after machining brake drum, use 120 alumina sand paper and non-directional brake drum finishing machine to finish the brake surface.7) clean up the surface with industrial alcohol or proper brake cleaning machine.8) install the inner bearings with KM - 508-l and attach the sealing ring to the rear brake drum.Note: wheel bolts fastening improper can cause braking and brake drum damage. To do this, tighten the wheel bolts evenly with the appropriate torque value.Three, description,1. Drum brake system descriptionImportant notes:· replace all components in brake maintenance components.· lubricate rubber parts with clean brake fluid for asse mbly.· do not use compressed air with lubricating oil on the brake. This will damage the rubber.Whenever the hydraulic components are removed,All the air in the brake system.· replace brake friction lining by shaft sleeve.· detailed specified tor que value for dry and unlubricated fasteners.· completed maintenance operation on a clean bench.The rear brake (see figure 5-11) used in this car has a wheel cylinder. Install the rear brake on the back shaft bracket with four mounting bolts. The pressure is evenly applied to the bottom of the piston and the piston liner at the bottom of the piston. The pressure on the piston is transmitted to two brake friction linings. The pressure forces the friction lining to resist the inner surface of the brake drum.With the establishment of pipeline pressure, the force of the liner on the brake drum surface increases. The force halted the traffic. When the brake pedal is released, the pipe pressure is released. The top return spring brings brake friction lining and piston back. Adjust the gap of the lining to automatically compensate for the lining wear.2. The finishing of brake drum surfaceDuring routine brake maintenance, such as replacing worn brake drum liner, do not apply the entire brake drum surface. The surface of the brake drum can be refined only when the brake is bouncing.The maximum size is cast on all brake drums. This size is the maximum wear size, not the finishing size. Do not use the brake drum that does not meet the specified specification on the brake drum. Replace the old drum with a new drum.In order to make the drum brake system operate normally, it is necessary to control the tolerance of the drum accurately. The brake drum is processed with precise equipment. According to the manufacturer's recommended maintenance procedure, the machine is repaired regularly.The following tool accessories must maintain good performance when the brake drum is finished on the surface:- connector- tool holder- shock absorber- cutting toolAlways use sharp cutting tools. An alternative cutting tool recommended by equipment manufacturer only. Blunt or old tools can make the surface unevenly distributed, thus affecting braking performance. The shock absorber accessories are always used on the actuator surface. These accessories remove the vibration of the tool and make the finishing surface even more uniform. Make sure the joints are clean and free of scratches.[return]。
常见汽车安全系统缩写名词解释
常见汽车安全系统缩写名词解释ABS刹车防抱死系统ABS（Anti-lockBrakingSystem）防抱死制动系统，通过安装在车轮上的传感器发出车轮将被抱死的信号，控制器指令调节器降低该车轮制动缸的油压，减小制动力矩，经一定时间后，再恢复原有的油压，不断的这样循环（每秒可达5~10次），始终使车轮处于转动状态而又有最大的制动力矩。
没有安装ABS的汽车，在行驶中如果用力踩下制动踏板，车轮转速会急速降低，当制动力超过车轮与地面的摩擦力时，车轮就会被抱死，完全抱死的车轮会使轮胎与地面的摩擦力下降，如果前轮被抱死，驾驶员就无法控制车辆的行驶方向，如果后轮被抱死，就极容易出现侧滑现象。
ABS这种最初被应用于飞机上的技术，现在已经十分普及，在十万元以上级别的轿车上都可见到它的踪影，有些大客车上也装有ABS。
装有ABS的车辆在遇到积雪、冰冻或雨天等打滑路面时，可放心的操纵方向盘，进行制动。
它不仅有效的防止了事故的发生，还能减少对轮胎的摩损，但它并不能使汽车缩短制动距离，在某些情况下反而会有所增加。
提示：在遇到紧急情况时，制动踏板一定要踩到底，才能激活ABS系统，这时制动踏板会有一些抖动，有时还会有一些声音，但也不能松开，这表明ABS系统开始起作用了。
EBD制动力自动分配EBD的英文全称是ElectronicBrakeforceDistribution，即电子制动力分配装置。
汽车在制动时，因为四只轮胎所附着的地面条件不同，其与地面的摩擦力也不同，制动时就容易产生打滑、倾斜和侧翻等现象，为了有效的避免这种现象，电子制动力分配装置就应运而生，它的作用就是在汽车制动的瞬间，通过对四只轮胎附着的不同地面情况进行感应、计算，得出不同的磨擦力数值，使四只轮胎的制动装置根据不同的情况用不同的方式和力量制动，并在运动中不断高速调整，从而保证车辆的平稳、安全。
有人认为EBD比ABS先进很多，其实不然。
从技术实现上，EBD仅仅是在ABS的控制电脑里增加一个控制软件，机械系统与ABS完全一致。
零件英文简称
-- Dies -模具
-- In-house stamping parts(22) - 自制冲压件(25个)
other stampings 其他沖壓件
Jack / Tools 千斤顶/工具
Door Trim Panel 门内饰板
Headlining 顶盖内衬
Air Induction System (AIS）-BZ 进气系统(BZ)
EMS 1.6L(BZ ECU) 发动机管理系统1.6L(BZ ECU)
EMS 2.0L (I4 ECU) 发动机管理系统2.0L (I4 ECU)
FEAD Brkt/belt 发电机支架 /皮带（BZ）
FEAD Brkt / tensioner 发电机支架 / 张紧轮（BZ）
Hood Hinge & Decklid Hinge 发动机盖铰链、行李厢铰链
Hood Latch & Decklid Latch 发动机盖锁、行李厢锁
Window Wiper Motor & Link System (including Arm Blade) 雨刮电机及摇臂总成
Washer System 雨刮清洗系统
- Rear Caliper 后卡钳
- Disc 盘式制动器
- Dust shield 防尘罩
- Drum Brake 鼓式制动器
- Drum 鼓式制动器
-- Brake / Fuel Lines 制动油管及燃油管
Parking Lever 手刹
- Parking Cable 驻车制动拉索
Rotating Electrical Alternator I4 / BZ(10300) 电机
制动器
制动器2012-05-19 09:13:39| 分类：默认分类|字号订阅盘式制动器disk brake 定义：用圆盘的端面作为摩擦副接触面的制动器。
盘式制动器又称为碟式制动器，顾名思义是取其形状而得名。
它由液压控制，点击放大图片主要零部件有制动盘、分泵、制动钳、油管等。
制动盘用合金钢制造并固定在车轮上，随车轮转动。
鼓式制动器 drum brake 定义：用圆柱面作为摩擦副接触面的制动器。
鼓式制动也叫块式制动，是靠制动块在制动轮上压紧来实现刹车的。
带式制动器 band brake 定义：用制动带的内侧面作为摩擦副接触面的制动器。
挠性钢带与杠杆的连接型式有简单带式、差动带式和综合带式3种。
①简单带式制动器：带的一端固定在杠杆支点A上，另一端与杠杆上的B点连接。
带在重锤的重力G作用下处于紧闸状态。
当电流接通时,电磁铁的磁力Z提起杠杆即为松闸。
这种型式的制动轮按图中转向回转时产生的制动力矩较大；反向回转时制动力矩较小，用于单向制动。
②差动带式制动器：带的两端分别与杠杆的B和C点相连，在制动力P的作用下杠杆绕支点A转动，B端拉紧而C端放松,由于AB大于AC，因而是紧闸。
它与简单带式一样,宜用于单向制动，但所需制动外力比简单带式小而制动行程大，故常用于手或脚操纵的单向制动。
③综合带式制动器:在制动力P 的作用下,B 和C 端同时拉紧,且AB等于AC，故制动轮正转或反转产生的制动力矩相同。
它可用于正、反向回转和要求有相同制动力矩的场合。
带式制动器构造简单，尺寸紧凑，但制动轮轴上受力较大，摩擦面上压力分布不均匀，因而磨损也不均匀。
这种制动器通常用于中小型起重机、车辆和人力操纵的场合，不及块式制动器用得广泛。
磁粉制动器 magnetic powder brake 定义：制动部件与运动部件借助于磁粉间的电磁吸力形成的磁粉链，同工作面之间的摩擦力产生制动功能的制动器。
磁粉制动器是根据电磁原理和利用磁粉传递转矩的。
其具有激磁电流和传递转矩基本成线性关系的特点。
汽车行业用语-中英文
Systems 系统-- Dies -模具-- In-house stamping parts(22) - 自制冲压件(25个) other stampings 其他沖壓件Jack / Tools 千斤顶/工具Door Trim Panel 门内饰板Headlining 顶盖内衬Carpet 地毯Package Tray 后置物板NVH - Insulator / Deadener 消音/ 减震隔热垫Deadner 沥青地毯- Instrument Panel -仪表台板- Console 副仪表台- Bumpers / Facia -保险杆- Front End Molding (GOR) " - 车前塑料件(水箱护板）"Interior / Exterior Plastics - 内外饰塑料件- A, B, C Pillar Trim & Scuff Plate 前中后立柱饰版&車門框版" - Exterior Ornamentation- Painted / Chromed Plastic" "- 外饰件- 车身色/镀鉻件"Decal, Badge 标牌/贴纸VIN PLATE 铭牌-- Grille 散熱器护柵-- Body Side Molding 车身防擦条roof moudling 车顶饰条belt line moulding 水切(车门饰条)- Fuel Filler Housing 加油管外套- Fuel Filler Door 加油门口Wheel Cover - 车轮盖Weather Strips for Doors 密封条- 车门Weather Strips for Glass (Run Channel) 密封条- 玻璃wheel housing -liner 鼓包内衬Mirror 后视镜Seats 座椅Glass 玻璃Door Module-Carry Plate 基版--门模塊(內飾)Window Regulator 玻璃升降机Door Latches 门锁Key Sets 锁芯Door Handle 门把手Decklid Handle 行李厢把手Hood Hinge & Decklid Hinge 发动机盖铰链、行李厢铰链Hood Latch & Decklid Latch 发动机盖锁、行李厢锁Window Wiper Motor & Link System (including Arm Blade) 雨刮电机及摇臂总成Washer System 雨刮清洗系统Sun Roof 天窗Bracket(Bumper Beam) -支架（保险杆加强秆）Air Bag 被动安全系统（气囊）Steering Wheel 方向盘Seat Belts 安全带mid to small plastic 中小塑件Overflow (Degas) 副水箱AC system 空调系统Fan & motor system 风扇电机总成Contol Assy-A/C (Manual) 空调控制器（手动）- Compressor 压缩机Radiator and Condenser assy 散热器/冷凝器总成Horn 电喇叭Head Lighting 前车灯Rear Lighting 尾灯Suspension Assy 前后悬挂总组-- Front/rear axle 前后橋-- Suspension Machining 悬挂加工件-- Stabilizer 稳定杆-- Coil Spring 园簧Front Suspension Assy 前悬挂总组- Stabilizer OD21 稳定杆OD21- Link (stabilizer) 连接杆(稳定杆)- Bushing (stabilizer) 衬套(稳定杆)- Clamp (stabilizer) 夹钳(稳定杆)- Cross member 横梁- Control arm ( including ball joints) 控制臂(含球窝接头)- Knuckle L/ R 转向节(左/右)- Hub Unit 轮毂总成- Strut/ shock absorber 减震器- Top mount 上支撐- Spring aid 弹簧座- Spring 弹簧- Gaitor 波纹防尘罩- Nut 螺母- Cover heat shield 隔热垫盖Rear suspension Assy 后悬挂总组- Crossmember 横梁- Rear Lower Assy Sub Assy 后悬下臂总成- Front Lower Arm 前悬下臂- Uper Lower Arm Assy 后上臂- Bump Stop 限位挡块- Spring 弹簧- Spring pad 弹簧垫块- Stabilizer 穏定杆- Bushing (stabilizer) 衬套(穏定杆)- Clamp (stabilizer) 夹箝- Pogostick Assy- Knuckle L/R 转向节(左/右)Hub Unit II 轮毂总成IIHub Unit Bearing 轮壳总成轴承Tire 轮胎Steel Wheels 铁圈Alloy wheels 铝轮圈Brakes 制动-- ABS Module ABS 模块- Booster & MC 真空助力器&总泵- Front caliper 前卡钳- Rear Caliper 后卡钳- Disc 盘式制动器- Dust shield 防尘罩- Drum Brake 鼓式制动器- Drum 鼓式制动器-- Brake / Fuel Lines 制动油管及燃油管Parking Lever 手刹- Parking Cable 驻车制动拉索Cables（MT）拉索（手排）Cables（AT）拉索（自排）Pedal Box 脚踏板Fuel Tank 油箱FDM 油泵Steering Gear Assy 转向机总成Steering Gear - HPAS 液压式转向机Steering Gear - EHPAS 电子液压转向机Steering Pump - HPAS 转向泵Steering Hose 转向油管Steering Column 方向机柱Steering Column Stalk Switch 组合开关Rotating Electrical Starter I4 / BZ(11000) 启动马达Rotating Electrical Alternator I4 / BZ(10300) 电机Clock Spring 转向簧圈Instrument Cluster 组合仪表Parking Sonar 倒车雷达Battery 电池Audio / CD 收放机/CDAntenna 天线Speaker 扬声器Spoiler 擾流板Wiring Harness 线束CANNISTER 碳罐Remote System (transmit/Receiver) 门锁遥控器(发射/接收) Switches 开关Engine Mounting 发动机支撑Air Induction System (AIS）-I4 进气系统(I4)Air Induction System (AIS）-BZ 进气系统(BZ)EMS (BZ ECU) 发动机管理系统(BZ ECU)EMS (I4 ECU) 发动机管理系统(I4 ECU)FEAD Brkt/belt 发电机支架/皮带（BZ）FEAD Brkt / tensioner 发电机支架/ 张紧轮（BZ）FEAD Brkt /idler 发电机支架/ 惰轮（BZ）FEAD Brkt/idler/belt 发电机支架/惰轮/皮带（I4）Driveshaft 传动轴Gear Shifter（Manual) 换档器(手动）Gear shift（Auto）换档器（自动）HOT END-Exhaust System 热端-排放系统COLD END-Exhaust System 冷端-排放系统Catalyst (BZ 催化剂(BZCatalyst (New I4 催化剂(New I4HINEGE(DOORS) 門鉸鍊DOOR CHECK ARM 车门限位器TYRE ASSEMBLY 车轮总成MIRROR CONTROL 后视镜控制器MOBILE LINK 手机通讯连接MANUAL 用户手册WARING TRIANGLE 三角回复反射器FIRE EXTINGUISHER 灭火器FUEL FILLING PIPE 加油管PWR STNG OIL COOLER 动力转向油冷却器Reservior 动力转向油壶MOULDING-Windshield/ DOOR MOULDING 风档导水槽，门上装饰盖WATER SHIELD 防水膜QUARTER WINDOW 三角窗WHEEL NUT 车轮螺母RUBBER HOSE 胶管PLATE ASY SPARE WHL 轮胎紧固螺栓Heater Control Panel & Gear Shifter Bezel 暖风控制面板、换档面板Fuel filter (Gasoline Strainer) 汽油滤清器Bumper Beam 保险杠横梁TOC(transmission oil cooler)Cooling hose/Lower Isolator 冷却水管Battery BoxCowl Grille 通风格珊Under cover 发动机防护板Cover Under 发动机防护罩Center Channel 玻璃滑槽Name Plate 铭牌HeatshieldFuel Filler CapSide Skirt 侧裙板Door Sash(Door Frame) 门框Stripe,Sash 门框膜-----------------------------Front Door Inner LH 前车门内板（左）Rear Door Outer RH 后车门外板（右）Rear Door Outer LH 后车门外板（左）Rear Door Inner RH 后车门内板（右）Rear Door Inner LH 后车门内板（左）Rear Floor 后地板B/S Outer RH 侧围外板（右）B/S Outer LH 侧围外板（左）B/S Inner RH 侧围内板（右）B/S Inner LH 侧围内板（左）Decklid Outer 行李箱盖外板Decklid Inner 行李箱盖内板Roof 顶盖Sun-Roof 顶盖（带天窗）Front Floor 前地板Front Fender RH 翼子板（右）Front Fender LH 翼子板（左）Hood Outer 发动机罩外板Hood Inner 发动机罩内板Front Door Outer RH 前车门外板（右）Front Door Outer LH 前车门外板（左）。
制动器的英文版及翻译
The BrakesThe brakes function by absorbing in friction the energy possessed by the moving car. In so doing they convert the energy into hear. There are tow types of brakes, the drum brake and the disc brake. Either or both types may be fitted. But where both types are used it is usual for the disc brakes to be fitted to the front wheels. In both drum and disc brakes, a hydraulic system applies the brakes. The hydraulic system connects the brake pedal to the brake parts at each wheel.1 、Drum BrakesThe drum brake consists of a pair of semicircular brake shoes mounted on a fixed back plate and situated inside a drum. This drum is fixed to the road wheel and rotates with it .One end of each shoe is on a pivot and a spring holds the other end in contact with the piston of a hydraulic cylinder.(In front brakes it is usual to use two hydraulic cylinders in order to equalize the pressures exerted by the shoes, as shown in Fig.7.1)Each shoe is faced with material ,known as brake lining ,which produces high frictio nal resistance.The hydraulic system comprises a master cylinder and the slave cylinders which are the cylinders on the road wheels. The slave cylinders are connected to the master cylinder by tubing and the whole system is filled with hydraulic fluid .A piston in the master cylinder is connected to the brake pedal, so that when the driver depresses the pedal the fluid is forced out to each slave cylinder and operates their pistons. The fluid pushes the pistons out of their cylinders. They ，in turn, push against the inner ends of the brake shoes and force them against the drums in each wheel. We say that the brakes are on. This friction of the shoes against the drums, which are fixed to the road wheels, slows down or stops the car.As the brake pedal is allowed to come up, the hydraulic fluid returns to its original position, the pistons retract, and a spring attached to each brake shoe returns it also to its original position. Free of the brake drum. Now we say that the brakes are off.(Fig.7.2)The brakes may also be operated by mechanical linkages from the foot pedal and hand brake lever. Common practice is to operate both front and rear brakes hydraulically with a secondary mechanical system operating the rear brakes only from the hand lever. One of the great advantages of hydraulic operation is that the system is self-balancing, which means that the same pressure is automatically produced at all four brakes, whereas mechanical linkages have to be very carefully adjusted for balance. Of course, if more pressure is put on one of the brakes than on the others there is a danger that the car will skid.The mechanical linkage on the rear brakes is a system of rods or cables connecting the handbrake lever to the brake-shoe mechanism, which work entirely independently of the hydraulic system. Drum brakes are prone to a reduction in the braking effort, known as “fade”, caused by the overheating of the brake linings and the drum. Fade can affect all or only some of the brakes at a time, but it is not permanent, and full efficiency returns as soon as the brakes have cooled down. However, fading is unlikely to occur except after the brakes have been used repeatedly in slowing the car from a high speed or after braking continuously down a steep hill. Descending such a hill, it would have been preferable to use engine braking by changing down into a lower gear. Drum brakes can be made less prone to fade by improving the cooling arrangements, by arranging formore air to be deflected over them, for example.2 Disc BrakesThe disc brake consists of a steel disc with friction pads operated by slave hydraulic cylinders. The steel disc is attached to the road wheel and rotates with it. Part of this steel disc is enclosed in a caliper. This caliper contains two friction pads，one on each side of the disc, and two hydraulic cylinders, one outside each pad. The pads are normally held apart by a spring, but when the driver depresses the brake pedal, pistons from the hydraulic cylinders force the pads against the sides of the disc. Because the disc is not enclosed all the way round, the heat generated when the brakes are applied is dissipated very much more quickly than it is from brake shoes which are entirely enclosed inside a drum. This means that disc brakes are less prone to fade than drum brakes.(Fig.7.3)3 、Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)The function of an anti-lock, or anti-skid, braking system is to prevent the wheels from locking under hard braking. Maximum braking force is obtained just before the wheels lock and skid. Such anti-skid system ate useful on slippery surfaces, such as ice and snow, where the wheels may lock easily. Locked wheels are dangerous because the car needs a much longer distance to stop. Locked wheels also can cause the driver to lose control.The system uses a sensor that knows when one wheel (or a pair of wheel) is skidding. (Fig.7.4) The sensor sends a signal to a computer, which signals a modulator valve. The modulator connects into the hydraulic system and can momentarily release the brake pressure and prevent the wheels from locking.(The pressure release is so fast that a driver is seldom aware of it.) pressure is then reapplied until the sensor again senses that the wheel is about to lock up. Thus, this system keeps the wheels as close to lock up as possible, without actually allowing the wheels to lock up and skid. This is called incipient lock up. Maximum braking occurs at that point. If any part of the system should fail to work, the system goes into a “fail-safe” mode. The brakes operate normally, as they would on a car that is not equipped with ABS. Today , ABS is an optional or standard feature that typically is found on expensive luxury cars and sports cars. In the future, ABS may be available for all cars.3.1、ABS overviewAnti-lock braking system is using the body of a rubber balloon, while hitting the brakes, will give brake oil pressure, feeding through to the ABS body, using of the air in the middle of the air layer to return the pressure, make wheels evade the locked points. When the wheel will arrive next locked point, brake oil pressure makes balloon in a repeat function, so can function eight to thirty times in one second equivalent constantly brake, relax, namely, similar to the "mechanical braking ". Therefore, ABS anti-lock braking system, can avoid the orientation losing control , the wheel’s lateral sliding coming up and the wheels rubbing on one point with the ground without being locked in the emergency brake，so it can make the brake friction efficiency achieves ninety percent. It also can reduce the braking consumption and prolong the brake wheel drum, disc and tire twice with the service life of the vehicle in the ABS. On the dry tarmac road or on snowy or on rainy days, the slippery performance reached 80% - 90%, 30% -10%, 15% - 20%. Ordinary braking system on a wet road surface brake, or in the emergency brake, it’s easy for wheels to be locked owing to the braking force exceeds the friction force of the tires and ground. In recent years, the consumers of the vehicle emphasis on the safety , so most of the cars have ABS listed as standard. Without ABS, emergency brake usually cause tire locked, then, the rolling friction becomes sliding friction, as a result, braking force dramatically decreased. And if front wheels are locked first, the vehicle will lose the steering ability; if the rear tires are first locked, the vehicle is easy to slide laterally , so the direction becomes impossible to control. Through electronic or mechanicalcontrol, the ABS system controls the braking fluid pressure at a fast speed to avoid the wheelslocked. Insure the tire have the biggest braking force and the turning ability when braking, and make the vehicle have the ability to evade the obstacles in emergency braking. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, safety increasingly become the important basis of that people choose and buy cars. At present the widespread adoption of holding brake system (ABS) that people can fully meet the safety of requirements. Automobile brake prevent embrace system, referred to as the ABS, is to improve the car an important device passive safety. Someone said brake prevent embrace system is auto safety measures relay belts after another major progress. Automobile braking system is the bus passengers safety is the most important relationship to one of the second systems. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, automobile safety for people appeals more and more attention. Automobile brake prevent embrace system, is another major progress to improve the safety.ABS braking system is controlled by automobile microcomputer, when braking, it can keep the wheel rotating to help driver control vehicle parking safely. The anti-locked braking system detects wheel speed by speed sensor, and then send the wheel speed signals to the microcomputer. The microcomputer controls wheel slipping rate by increasing or decreasing the brake pressure repeatedly according to the input wheel speed to keep wheel rotate. In braking process, keeping wheel rotate not only ensures the ability of controlling driving direction, but also provides higher brake force than the locked wheel in most circumstances, .3.2、The working principle of ABSIt includes control devices and ABS warning lights, in different ABS system, the structure of brake pressure adjusting device and working principle of electronic control devices are often different, the internal structure and control logic of ABS system usually includes the wheel speed sensors, brake pressure adjusting device, electronic identical and so on. In common ABS system, each wheel is installed a rotational speed sensor on the wheel speed, input the signal to electronic control device. The electronic control unit states monitoring and determination according to each wheel speed sensors’ sign al about each wheel movement, and has formed the corresponding control instruction. Brake pressure adjusting device is mainly composed by pressure regulating solenoid valves, electric pump composition and liquid container components compose an independent whole, braking main cylinder and the cylinder brake wheel connected by the brake pipe. Brake pressure adjusting device is controlled by the electronic unit to control all brake wheel cylinders’ brake pressure. The working process of ABS can be divided into general braking, brake pressure kept brake pressure decrease and brake pressure increase stage. In general braking phase, ABS doesn't intervene brake pressure control, pressure regulating electromagnetic valve assembly in various into liquid solenoid valves are no electricity and is open, each produced liquid are no electricity and electromagnetic valve is in the closed position, electric pump also operates without electricity, and brake main cylinder to each brake wheel cylinder brake lines are in communication condition, and the brake wheel cylinder to liquid brake lines are in close condition, the brake wheel cylinder brake pressure change with the output pressure brake master cylinder, the brakingprocess at this time is completely the same with conventional braking system braking process.In braking process, when the electronic control detects that the wheels primarily tend to embrace dies according to the wheel speed sensors of the wheel speed signal input, ABS came into the braking anti-lock process. For example, when the electronic control unit judges the front-right wheel tends to embrace, the electronic control unit will make control scrape the dynamic pressure front-right wheel failure into liquid solenoid valves electricity, make the fluid electromagnetic valve closed, brake main cylinder output brake fluid no longer enter into brake wheel cylinder, right now, right at the end of a fluid electromagnetic valve still energized and closed, the right brake wheel cylinder brake fluid also won't outflow, the right brake wheel cylinder scraping dynamic pressure stays certain, and other arms tend to be dead wheel with still brake pressure braking main cylinder and the increase of output pressure increases; If the right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure keep certain, the electronic control unit front-right wheel failure still tend to judge lock, the electronic control unit and move out liquid solenoid valves also electrify into a state of opening, the part right brake wheel cylinder brake wave will pass is open from fluid electromagnetic valve flow back to liquid container, make right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure holding diminishes quickly front-right wheel failure will start to eliminate death trend, with the right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure decreases, the front-right wheel under the action of inertia force will speed up gradually; accelerate gradually When the electronic control device determines the lock front-right wheel failure to completely eliminate according to the wheel speed sensors input signal, the electronic control unit makes right into the fluid electromagnetic valve and a liquid solenoid valves are without electricity, make into fluid electromagnetic valve to open, use liquid into closed electromagnetic valve, also make electric pump operation, energized to brake wheel cylinder pump brake fluid, output by brake main cylinder brake fluid electromagnetic valve into the right brake wheel cylinders, make right brake wheel cylinder brake pressure increased rapidly, opening up a front-right wheel failure and slow rotation. ABS control the sliding rate of wheels which tend to be locked through holding the brake force of wheels that tends to be locked repeatedly ,adhesion coefficient is in peak within the scope of the sliding rate, until the bus speed reduced to very low or brake main cylinder pressure no longer tend to be locked. Brake pressure to adjust cycle of frequency can reach 3 ~ 20HZ. In the ABS each has on the fluid and the fluid electromagnetic valve in corresponding at each brake wheel cylinder, but by the electronic control device to control, therefore, respectively, the brake wheel cylinder brake pressure can be independently adjustment so that four wheels are not occur braking lock phenomenon. Although various ABS structure form and working process is not exactly the same, are based on the brake holding pressure adaptive cycle adjustment of wheel which tends to be locked, to prevent the controlled wheels holding in death occurred when brake.3.3、ABS functionThe braking performance is one of main auto performance, it is also related to the security of driving. Evaluate the braking performance of a car , the basic index is brake acceleration ,braking distance and direction of braking time and braking stability.Braking stability points to that the vehicle can still be specified in the direction of auto brake when driving in the direction of track. If cars proceed high-speed brake (especially when emergency brake) and make the wheel fully embrace die, it is very dangerous. If front wheel is locked, it will make cars lose steering ability. If the rear wheel is locked, it will appear to swing tail or switching (running deviation, sideslip) especially in the road is all wet slippery case, it will cause the traffic safety great harm. Automobile braking force depends on the brake friction, but the braking force which can make the car brake to slow, and also restricted by ground adhesion coefficient. When brake produces braking force increases to certain value, the tires will appear slipping on the ground. Its sliding rateδ = (Vt - Va) / Vt x 100%δ: delta - sliding rate;Vt - theoretical speed of the car;Va - the actual speed of the car.According to the experiments confirm, when wheel sliding rate delta range from 15% to 20% , the ground adhesion coefficient reach maximum, therefore, in order to get the best braking effect, we must control the slip rate in 15% ~ 20% range.ABS function will namely decrease the brake force when the wheels will embrace dies, , and when the wheel will not hold died and increase braking force, so repeated action, braking effect is the best.3.4、The problems needing attention when ABS is used(1) After replace brake or replace hydraulic brake system components, it should exhaust the air in the brake pipe, lest affect braking system work normally.(2)The car equipped with ABS should be replaced every year. Otherwise, brake fluid hygroscopic is very strong, water will not only reduce the boiling point to make it easy to produce corrosion, and still can cause braking performance recession.(3) To examine ABS braking system should pull power firstly.制动系简介制动器通过摩擦的形式吸收运动车辆所具有的能量而起作用。
24 机械工程英语 学生工作页：鼓式制动器
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总结知识点
评
价
类别
比例
成绩
签名
成果评定
根据学习成果评定成绩，占 60％
学生自评
接受任务班组
班 组
姓名
接受任务时间
资讯学习及任务执行
Ⅰ.Drumbrake
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2____________________________________
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学生根据对执行任务过程进行自评，给出相应的成绩，占10％
学生互评
学生间根据课堂口语表达及表现，互相评价，占10％
教师评价
教师根据对学生的学习态度、出勤率、课堂表现、沟通与表达能力，并结合执行任务过程的各个环节进行评价，占20％
合计
《机械工程英语》学生工作页
学习模块
如何用英语描述汽车底盘系统？-制动系统
知识点
鼓式制动器
Drum brake
教师
工作任务
认识鼓式制动器结构及英语表达
任务目标
1）认识鼓式制动器结构及英语表达。
2）具备翻译汽车制动系统内容的能力，熟练掌握常用短语，能从英语资料中获取信息的能力，自主查阅资料进行翻译。
3）具备表达能力、团结协作能力、计划组织能力等职业素养。
RT Manual 鼓式制动器说明书
RT 系列 电液鼓式制动器Type RT Drum Brakes应用/Application ：行车大车、小车、起升制动皮带机高速端制动广泛应用于各种起重、输送机械Ø 柔性等退距机构①Ø 自动补偿机构，调节方便，准确可靠Ø 手动释放机构，简捷易用Ø 制动靴随位功能Ø 可选松闸限位开关、磨损限位开关、保留行程警报开关②Ø 可选液压缓冲软制动机构Ø 可选变频软制动单元Ø无石棉半金属摩擦片注：①彻底避免刚性机构由于两侧松闸间隙调整不够精确而带来的两侧受力不均的情形。
②使用摆杆式限位开关，保护限位开关不易损坏。
特点/Design advantage弹簧上闸，液压推动器松闸/Spring applied,Thrustor released注：制动器配有可选组件见后页型号举例：RT200/ED230-50注/Notes:1）多种因素如滑动速度、表面压力、温度及环境因素影响摩擦系数的大小，因此请参考DIN 15434标准选型。
图表中所示制动力矩为在常温下滑动速度为25m/s时制动力矩，标准摩擦片使用温度不超过200°C。
一、自动补偿机构/Automatic Compensate Unit三、松闸、上闸、保留行程限位开关组/Brake Control Limit Switches四、磨损限位开关/Pad wear Limit Switches1、尺寸X和尺寸Y请另行参考我公司参数表Dimensions X and Y due to spec. drawings.2、磨损限位开关出厂设定为：当摩擦片磨损5mm时，限位开关触发给出信号The switch signal poit is factory adjusted so that, if the brake pad wears to a thickness about 5 mm a signal will be given.3、限位开关的摆臂角度已经出厂调整完毕，无需另行调整The roller is factory adjusted with a 100 angle catch4、如需另行设定限位触发点，请垂询我们please contact us for resetting the triger point.5、机械式限位开关，内置常开及常闭触电供选择使用Mechanical limit switch with normal open and normal close signal point in side.TURBEL系列 ED型电液推动器Type TURBEL ED ThrustorØ 按照DIN15430 标准制造Ø 良好的密封性能，不漏油Ø 推动力稳定持久Ø 良好的工作稳定性Ø良好的电机性能及散热性特点/Design advantage1、推动器及剖视图/Sectional ViewØ 符合DIN15430标准的Ed 型液压推动器According DIN15430Ø 标准供货电压（订货时需注明）：Standard service voltages are e.g.: 380V,50Hz,3～400V,50Hz,3～460V,60Hz,3～ 500V,50Hz,3～ 690V,50Hz,3～其余电压可按客户要求定制，请联系我们/Other service voltages and frequencies are availableØ 适用环境温度：-20℃ to 50℃（-4°F to 122°F)/Ambient temprature range:-20℃ to 50℃（-4°F to 122°F)其余特别使用环境请垂询我们，提供特别解决方案/Please contact us for other ambient temprature solutions.Ø 行程为60mm 的推动器可以倾斜安装，甚至可以水平安装（接线盒和蓄油腔朝上）Installation can be done even horizontally(terminal box and tank upwards)and in any intermediate Ø 可选组件/Additional OptionsØ 可选上升阀或者下降阀以调节上升或者下降时间By integrating a lifting and/or lovering valve setting times can be extended.Ø 可选装限位开关The thrustor can be equipped with mechanical or inductive limit switches.Ø 加热器（适用低温环境）For operation below -20℃ a heating equipment must be installed.Ø 可选装制动弹簧或者复位弹簧Brake spring or re-setting spring on request.DIN 15430W2U2V22、技术参数及安装尺寸/Technical data and dimensions表1：技术参数/Technical data以上所有参数为在常规室外温度20℃时额定值.All indications are valid for thrustors at operating temperature and an ambient temperature at 20 ℃1) 额定电压380VAC时电流/Current consumption at service voltage of 380VAC.2) 额定力下，不含上升阀和下降阀时/with normalforce,without lifting or lowering valve3) 出厂时已经添加液压油/With oil filling实际外形会与图纸有微小区别，当增加上升阀或者下降阀时尺寸A2增加15mm。
外文翻译--鼓式制动器-精品
中文4800字Drum brakeA drum brake with the drum removed as used on the rear wheel of a car or truck. Note that in this installation, a cable-operated parking brake uses the service shoes.A drum brake is a brake in which the friction is caused by a set of shoes or pads that press against a rotating drum-shaped part called a brake drum.The term "drum brake" usually means a brake in which shoes press on the inner surface of the drum. When shoes press on the outside of the drum, it is usually called a clasp brake. Where the drum is pinched between two shoes, similar to a conventional disk brake, it is sometimes called a "pinch drum brake", although such brakes are relatively rare. A related type of brake uses a flexible belt or "band" wrapping around the outside of a drum, called a band brake.HistoryA drum brake at the rear wheel of a motorbikeKawasaki W800The modern automobile drum brake was invented in 1902 by Louis Renault, though a less-sophisticated drum brake had been used by Maybach a year earlier. In the first drum brakes, the shoes were mechanically operated with levers and rods or cables. From the mid-1930s the shoes were operated with oil pressure in a small wheel cylinder and pistons (as in the picture), though some vehicles continued with purely-mechanical systems for decades. Some designs have two wheel cylinders.The shoes in drum brakes are subject to wear and the brakes needed to be adjusted regularly until the introduction of self-adjusting drum brakes in the 1950s. In the 1960s and 1970s brake drums on the front wheels of cars were gradually replaced with disc brakes and now practically all cars use disc brakes on the front wheels, with many offering disc brakes on all wheels. However, drum brakes are still often used for handbrakes as it has proven very difficult to design a disc brake suitable for holding a car when it is not in use. Moreover, it is very easy to fit a drum handbrake inside a disc brake so that one unit serves as both service brake and handbrake.Early type brake shoes contained asbestos. When working on brake systems of older cars, care must be taken not to inhale any dust present in the brake assembly. The United States Federal Government began to regulate asbestos production, and brake manufacturers had to switch to non-asbestos linings. Owners initially complained of poor braking with the replacements; however, technology eventually advanced to compensate. A majority of daily-driven older vehicles have been fitted with asbestos-free linings. Many other countries also limit the use of asbestos in brakes. Early automotive brake systems, after the era of hand levers of course, used a drum design at all four wheels. They were called drum brakes because the components were housed in a round drum that rotated along with the wheel. Inside was a set of shoes that, when the brake pedal was pressed, would force the shoes against the drum and slow the wheel. Fluid was used to transfer the movement of the brake pedal into the movement of the brake shoes, while the shoes themselves were made of a heat-resistant friction material similar to that used on clutch plates. This basic design proved capable under most circumstances, but it had one major flaw. Under high braking conditions, like descending a steep hill with a heavy load or repeated high-speed slow downs, drum brakes would often fade and lose effectiveness. Usually this fading was the result of too much heat build-up within the drum. Remember that the principle of braking involves turning kinetic energy (wheel movement) into thermal energy (heat). For this reason, drum brakes can only operate as long as they can absorb the heat generated by slowing a vehicle's wheels. Once the brake components themselves become saturated with heat, they lose the ability to halt a vehicle, which can be somewhat disconcerting to the vehicle's operator.Self-applying characteristicDrum brakes have a natural "self-applying" characteristic.[1] The rotation of the drum can drag either or both of the shoes into the friction surface, causing the brakes to bite harder, which increases the force holding them together. This increases the stopping power without any additional effort being expended by the driver, but it does make it harder for the driver to modulate the brake's sensitivity. It also makes the brake more sensitive to brake fade, as a decrease in brake friction also reduces the amount of brake assist.Disc brakes exhibit no self-applying effect because the hydraulic pressure acting on the pads is perpendicular to the direction of rotation of the disc. Disc brake systems usually have servo assistance ("Brake Booster") to lessen the driver's pedal effort, but some disc braked cars (notably race cars) and smaller brakes for motorcycles, etc., do not need to use servos.Note: In most designs, the "self applying" effect only occurs on one shoe. While this shoe is further forced into the drum surface by a moment due to friction, the opposite effect is happening on the other shoe. The friction force is trying to rotate it away from the drum. The forces are different on each brake shoe resulting in one shoe wearing faster. It is possible to design a two-shoe drum brake where both shoes are self-applying (having separate actuators and pivoted at opposite ends), but these are very uncommon in practice.Drum brake designsRendering of a drum brakeDrum brakes are typically described as either leading/trailing or twin leading.[1]Rear drum brakes are typically of a leading/trailing design(For Non Servo Systems), or [Primary/Secondary] (For Duo Servo Systems) the shoes being moved by a single double-acting hydraulic cylinder and hinged at the same point.[1] In this design, one of the brake shoes will always experience the self-applying effect, irrespective of whether the vehicle is moving forwards or backwards.[1]This is particularly useful on the rear brakes, where the footbrake (handbrake or parking brake) must exert enough force to stop the vehicle from travelling backwards and hold it on a slope. Provided the contact area of the brake shoes is large enough, which isn't always the case, the self-applying effect can securely hold a vehicle when the weight is transferred to the rear brakes due to the incline of a slope or the reverse direction of motion. A further advantage of using a single hydraulic cylinder on the rear is that the opposite pivot may be made in the form of a double lobed cam that is rotated by the action of the parking brake system.Front drum brakes may be of either design in practice, but the twin leading design is more effective.[1] This design uses two actuating cylinders arranged so that both shoes will utilize the self-applying characteristic when the vehicle is moving forwards.[1] The brake shoes pivot at opposite points to each other.[1] This gives the maximum possible braking when moving forwards, but is not so effective when the vehicle is traveling in reverse.[1]The optimum arrangement of twin leading front brakes with leading/trailing brakes on the rear allows for more braking force to be deployed at the front of the vehicle when it is moving forwards, with less at the rear. This helps to prevent the rear wheels locking up, but still provides adequate braking at the rear when it is needed.[1] The brake drum itself is frequently made of cast iron, although some vehicles have used aluminum drums, particularly for front-wheel applications. Aluminum conducts heat better than cast iron, which improves heat dissipation and reduces fade. Aluminum drums are also lighter than iron drums, which reduces unsprung weight. Because aluminum wears more easily than iron, aluminum drums will frequently have an iron or steel liner on the inner surface of the drum, bonded or riveted to the aluminum outer shell.AdvantagesDrum brakes are used in most heavy duty trucks, some medium and light duty trucks, and few cars, dirt bikes, and ATV's. Drum brakes are often applied to the rear wheels since most of the stopping force is generated by the front brakes of the vehicle and therefore the heat generated in the rear is significantly less. Drum brakes allow simple incorporation of a parking brake. Drum brakes are also occasionally fitted as the parking (and emergency) brake even when the rear wheels use disk brakes as themain brakes. In this situation, a small drum is usually fitted within or as part of the brake disk also known as a banksia brake.In hybrid vehicle applications, wear on braking systems is greatly reduced by energy recovering motor-generators (see regenerative braking), so some hybrid vehicles such as the GMC Yukon hybrid and Toyota Prius (except the third generation) use drum brakes.Disc brakes rely on pliability of caliper seals and slight runout to release pads, leading to drag, fuel mileage loss, and disc scoring. Drum brake return springs give more positive action and, adjusted correctly, often have less drag when released.Certain heavier duty drum brake systems compensate for load when determining wheel cylinder pressure; a feature unavailable when disks are employed. One such vehicle is the Jeep Comanche. The Comanche can automatically send more pressure to the rear drums depending on the size of the load, whereas this would not be possible with disks.Due to the fact that a drum brakes friction contact area is at the circumference of the brake, a drum brake can provide more braking force than an equal diameter disc brake. The increased friction contact area of drum brake shoes on the drum allows drum brake shoes to last longer than disc brake pads used in a brake system of similar dimensions and braking force. Drum brakes retain heat and are more complex than disc brakes but are often times the more economical and powerful brake type to use in rear brake applications due to the low heat generation of rear brakes, a drum brakes self applying nature, large friction surface contact area, and long life wear characteristics(%life used/kW of braking power).Brake technology, just like suspension technology and fuel-system technology, has come a long way in recent years. What began in the '60s as a serious attempt to provide adequate braking for performance cars has ended in an industry where brakes range from supremely adequate to downright phenomenal. The introduction of components like carbon fiber, sintered metal and lightweight steel, along with the adoption of ABS, have all contributed to reduced stopping distances and generally safer vehicles (though ABS continues to provide controversy).Although drum brakes are often the better choice for rear brake applications in all but the highest performance applications, vehicle manufactures are increasingly installing disc brake system at the rear wheels. This is due to the popularity rise of disc brakes after the introduction front ventilated disc brakes. Front ventilated disc brakes performed much better than the front drum brakes they replaced. The difference in front drum and disc brake performance caused car buyers to purchase cars that also had rear disc brakes. Additionally rear disc brakes are often associated with high performance race cars which has increase their popularity in street cars. Rear disc brakes in most applications are not ventilated and offer no performanceadvantage over drum brakes. Even when rear discs are ventilated, it is likely that the rear brakes will never benefit from the ventilation unless subjected to very high performance racing style driving.DisadvantagesDrum brakes, like most other types, are designed to convert kinetic energy into heat by friction.[1] This heat is intended to be further transferred to atmosphere, but can just as easily transfer into other components of the braking system.Brake drums have to be large to cope with the massive forces that are involved, and they must be able to absorb and dissipate a lot of heat. Heat transfer to atmosphere can be aided by incorporating cooling fins onto the drum. However, excessive heating can occur due to heavy or repeated braking, which can cause the drum to distort, leading to vibration under braking.The other consequence of overheating is brake fade.[1]This is due to one of several processes or more usually an accumulation of all of them.1. When the drums are heated by hard braking, the diameter of the drum increases slightly due to thermal expansion, this means the brakes shoes have to move farther and the brake pedal has to be depressed further.2. The properties of the friction material can change if heated, resulting in less friction. This is usually only temporary and the material regains its efficiency when cooled,[1]but if the surface overheats to the point where it becomes glazed the reduction in braking efficiency is more permanent. Surface glazing can be worn away with further use of the brakes, but that takes time.3. Excessive heating of the brake drums can cause the brake fluid to vapourise, which reduces the hydraulic pressure being applied to the brake shoes.[1]Therefore less retardation is achieved for a given amount of pressure on the pedal. The effect is worsened by poor maintenance. If the brake fluid is old and has absorbed moisture it thus has a lower boiling point and brake fade occurs sooner.[1]Brake fade is not always due to the effects of overheating. If water gets between the friction surfaces and the drum, it acts as a lubricant and reduces braking efficiency.[1] The water tends to stay there until it is heated sufficiently to vapourise, at which point braking efficiency is fully restored. All friction braking systems have a maximum theoretical rate of energy conversion. Once that rate has been reached, applying greater pedal pressure will not result in a change of this rate, and indeed theeffects mentioned can substantially reduce it. Ultimately this is what brake fade is, regardless of the mechanism of its causes.Disc brakes are not immune to any of these processes, but they deal with heat and water more effectively than drums.Drum brakes can be grabby if the drum surface gets light rust or if the brake is cold and damp, giving the pad material greater friction. Grabbing can be so severe that the tires skid and continue to skid even when the pedal is released. Grabbiness is the opposite of fade: when the pad friction goes up, the self-assisting nature of the brakes causes application force to go up. If the pad friction and self-amplification are high enough, the brake will stay on due to self-application even when the external application force is released.Another disadvantage of drum brakes is their complexity. A person must have a general understanding of how drum brakes work and take simple steps to ensure the brakes are reassembled correctly when doing work on drum brakes. Incompetent mechanics should not attempt working on drum brakes.Re-arcingBefore 1984, it was common to re-arc brake shoes to match the arc within brake drums. This practice, however, was controversial as it removed friction material from the brakes and caused a reduction in the life of the shoes as well as created hazardous asbestos dust. Current design theory is to use shoes for the proper diameter drum, and to simply replace the brake drum when necessary, rather than perform the re-arcing procedure. Before you can appreciate the difference between drum and disc brakes, you have to understand the common principles that both systems use when stopping a car: friction and heat. By applying resistance, or friction, to a turning wheel, a vehicle's brakes cause the wheel to slow down and eventually stop, creating heat as a byproduct. The rate at which a wheel can be slowed depends on several factors including vehicle weight, braking force and total braking surface area. It also depends heavily on how well a brake system converts wheel movement into heat (by way of friction) and, subsequently, how quickly this heat is removed from the brake components. This is where the difference between drum brakes and disc brakes becomes pronounced.AdjustmentEarly drum brakes (before about 1955) required periodic adjustment to compensate for drum and shoe wear. If not done sufficiently often long brake pedal travel ("low pedal") resulted. Low pedal can be a severe hazard when combined with brake fade as the brakes can become ineffective when the pedal bottoms out.Self adjusting brakes may use a mechanism that engages only when the vehicle is being stopped from reverse motion. This is a traditional method suitable for use where all wheels use drum brakes (most vehicles now use disc brakes on the front wheels). By operating only in reverse it is less likely that the brakes will be adjusted while hot (when the drums are expanded), which could cause dragging brakes that would accelerate wear and increase fuel consumption.Self adjusting brakes may also operate by a ratchet mechanism engaged as the hand brake is applied, a means suitable for use where only rear drum brakes are used. If the travel of the parking brake actuator lever exceeds a certain amount, the ratchet turns an adjuster screw that moves the brake shoes toward the drum.There are different Self Adjusting Brake Systems. Basically can be divided in to RAI and RAD. RAI systems are much more efficient than RAD systems and have built in systems that avoids the systems to recover when the brake is over heating. The most famous RAI are developed by Lucas, Bendix, Bosch, AP. For RAD systems the most famous are Bendix, AP, VAG ( Volkswagen ) and FORD recovery systems.The manual adjustment knob is usually at the bottom of the drum and is adjusted via a hole on the opposite side of the wheel. This requires getting underneath the car and moving the clickwheel with a flathead screwdriver. It is important and tedious to adjust each wheel evenly so as to not have the car pull to one side during heavy braking, especially if on the front wheels. Either give each one the same amount of clicks and then perform a road test, or raise each wheel off the ground and spin it by hand measuring how much force it takes and feeling whether or not the shoes are dragging.Use in musicA brake drum can be very effective in modern concert and film music to provide a non-pitched metal sound similar to an anvil. Some have more resonance than others, and the best method of producing the clearest sound is to hang the drum with nylon cord or to place it on foam. Other methods include mounting the brake drum on a snare drum stand. Either way, the brake drum is struck with hammers or sticks of various weight.It is also commonly used in steelpan ensembles, where it is called "the iron."鼓式制动器鼓式制动器是由一组摩擦蹄片挤压一个叫做制动鼓的旋转鼓状部分实现摩擦动。
汽车专业英语词汇wagon 客货两用车
wagon 客货两用车,旅行车waist ①机身中部．(车身)腰线②收缩(部)，局部变细部分,颈waist line (车身)腰线wall ①墙，壁②(车身)隔板[壁]wall-applied film (进气系统)附壁油膜warm ①【动】加热，使变热,暖机②加热的，热的warm air 暖[热]空气，暖风warm engine 热发动机warming 预热，加温warming-up (发动机)暖机．预热warming-up period 暖机时期．预热期warm-up period (发动机)暖机时间．预热期warm up oxidation catalytic converter 暖机氧化催化转化器warm up three way catalytic converter 暖机(时用的)三效催化转化器warning 报警[警告](的)，预告[报](的)warning buzzer 报警[警告]蜂鸣器warning device 报警[警报]装置，报警器warning lamp [light] 报警灯，警告灯warning sticker 警告胶粘标签warning switch 报警开关warp 【动．名】弯翘，变弯．歪曲warranty ①保单，保证(书)②批准，授权warranty card 保修[用，证]卡warranty condition 保证条件warranty period 保用期(时间)wash ①I动,名】洗(涤,净).清洗，冲洗②洗涤装置(设备)．洗涤剂washer ①垫圈(片]②(车窗玻璃)洗涤器③清洗机washer fluid 洗涤液washer nozzle (窗玻璃)洗涤器喷嘴washer pump 洗涤泵washer reservoir [tank] 洗涤器贮液罐[箱]washer solution 洗涤液washing ①洗涤．清[冲]洗②冼涤剂[液]washing solution 清洗(溶)液．洗涤液washing system 洗涤装置waste ①废弃的．无用的②废物[品．料]③【动．名】消耗，损失wastegate (增压发动机)废气旁通阀waste heat 余热waste oil 废(机)油water ①水②【动】加水water chamber (贮)水腔[室]water-circulation pump 水循环泵water-cooled 水冷的[式]water drainage ①放[排]水②排水口[沟]water drainage valve 放[排]水阀water／fuel separator 燃油／水分离器water guard (车身)挡[防]水板water gutter (车身)排水槽water-heated 水暖式[的]water in-fuel detector[sensor]燃油水分传感器water inlet ①进水孔[口]②供水，进水water jacket (冷却系)水套water level 水面[位]water pump 水泵water temperature 水温，冷却液温度water-temperature ga(u)ge 水温表water temperature sensor 水温传感器water test ①水压试验②不透水性试验water(-)tight 防水[水密,不透水]的water valve (暖风装置)水阀．水流量控制阀Watt (功率单位)瓦．wWatt’s linkage (刚性桥／非独立悬架)瓦特杆系(类似于Panhard rod)wave ①(电，光，声)波②波状物，波浪形③示波图④(动)波动．成波浪状wave band (无线电)波段，频带wax ①(石)蜡②【动】打蜡，上抛光蜡waxing ①打蜡．上蜡抛光②(燃油)折出蜡wax(pellet)thermostat 蜡式节温器weak ①(软．薄)弱的②稀(薄)的．柔的，软(弱)的WEAK CYL (测试仪字符)动力性不好的气缸weak mixture 稀混合气．贫混合气weak water 软水wear 【动．名】磨损．损耗wear-in 磨合，走合wearing 磨损，磨耗wearing-in=wear-in 磨合．走合wearing-out 磨损．磨耗wearing part 受磨损的零件wear(-)out failure 磨损性失效[损坏]wear-resistant 耐磨的wear sensor 磨损传感器wear trace [track] 磨损痕迹weatherability 耐(气)侯性weather seal[strip] (车身／车窗)密封条web ①腹板．连接板．工字粱腹②垂直臂板．(发动机)曲柄臂③金属薄片．锯片．散热片④轮辐,辐板,辋圈web wheel=disk wheel 辐板式车轮wedge ①楔，楔形物[体]，尖劈②【动】撰[插，嵌]入②(鼓式制动器)支撑楔wedge-actuated brake 楔驱动式制动器wedge belt V带，三角带wedge combustion chamber 楔形燃烧室wedged 楔形的wedge key 楔形键wedgelike 楔形的weight ①重量,质量,载重[荷]②砝码,平衡块,压铁，配重weight distribution 重量分配[布]weld ①【动,名】焊接[合]，熔焊②焊缝welded 焊接的welded bolt 焊接(的)螺栓well ①井②凹处[坑,槽,痕]③(车身)孔,室,腔④(轮辋)槽welt ①(车身)贴边[缝],镶边,盖缝镶条，衬板②【动】装上贴边,卷边wet ①【动】弄湿,(火花塞)浸油②潮湿，湿气[度],水分③(潮)湿的，湿式的wet cleaner (空气滤清器)湿式滤清器wet clutch 湿式离合器wet cylinder liner 湿式气缸套wet liner[sleeve]同上wet spark(ing plug 油污的火花塞wet type cleaner 湿[油浴]式滤清器wheel 车轮wheel alignment 车轮定位wheel angle 转向轮转向角，车轮转角wheel apron (车身)挡泥板wheel arch (车身)轮罩[拱]wheel-arch extender[flare] 轮拱[室]延伸部wheel axle 车桥,轮轴wheel balance 车轮平衡wheel balancer 车轮[轮胎]平衡机wheel base 轴距wheel bearing 车轮轴承wheel brake 车轮制动器wheel-brake cylinder 制动轮缸[分泵]wheel camber 车轮外倾(角)wheel cap 车轮装饰罩，车轮盖wheel carrier ①(车身)备胎架②(悬架)车轮支架wheel caster 转向轮主销后倾wheel caster offset 转向轮主销后倾偏距wheel castor 转向轮主销后倾wheel center ①车轮中心②轮毂wheel clearance ①(并装双胎)轮胎间隙②(悬架)车轮自由空间wheel cylinder (制动系)轮缸,制动分泵wheel deceleration 车轮减速[制动]wheel disc (车轮)轮辐wheel disc cap 车轮装饰罩[盖]wheel dish 车轮凹度(车轮轮盘到车轮轮辋边缘的距离)wheeI drive 车轮驱动,最终传动装置wheeI fender (货车驾驶室)翼子板wheel house (车身)轮罩,轮拱wheel hub (车轮)轮毂wheeling 旋转wheel Iock(up) (制动时)车轮抱死wheel nave 车轮轮辐(开有车轮螺栓孔) wheel nut 车轮(固定)螺母,轮胎螺帽wheel opening (车身／翼子板)轮口wheel opening extension [flare] 翼板外接板wheel rate 悬架刚度．车轮悬架弹性特性wheel rebound 车轮回跳[反弹]wheel recess (车身)放备胎的凹槽wheel reduction gear 轮边减速器wheel reductor 轮边减速器wheel rim 轮辋[圈]wheel run(-)out 车轮跳动wheel shaft 车轮轴．半轴wheel slip 车轮滑动[滑移,打滑]wheel space 轴距wheel Spacer 轮距调节垫片，车轮隔板wheel spacing ①(汽车)轮距②双胎间距wheel speed pickup 轮速传感器wheel speed sensor 轮速传感器wheel spin (轮胎／车轮)车轮滑转[动]wheel spoke 车轮辐条wheel stud 车轮(安装)螺栓,轮胎螺丝wheel suspension (底盘)悬架wheel toe ①车轮前束②前轮旋转平面偏摇度wheel track ①(悬架)轮距②轮迹wheel tread ①轮距②轮胎花纹white 白色white smoke (发动机)白烟whitewall (轮胎)白胎侧wide open throttle 节气门全开width 宽度width across flats ①(螺母)对边宽度②(扳手)开口宽度,开口度width-indicator(lamp) 宽度指示灯,示宽灯width lamp 示宽灯wind ①风．(空)气流②【动，名】缠．卷．绕wind deflector 导流罩，导风板winding 绕组．线圈window ①窗(口，孔)②(车身)车窗，车窗[门]玻璃③(灯／前照灯)玻璃window crank 车窗(玻璃)摇把window frame 车窗框架，窗框window glass 窗玻璃window-glass run 车窗玻璃导轨[槽]window lifter 车窗玻璃升降器window regulator 车窗玻璃升降机window run 车窗玻璃导槽[轨]window seal 车窗密封(条)window sill (车身)窗台下梁．窗槛windscreen ①前窗．风窗②(前)窗玻璃windscreen moulding 前窗璃璃(装饰)嵌条windscreen pillar[post] (车身)前柱，A柱windshield(=windscreen) ①前窗．风窗．风挡②前窗玻璃wind tunnel 风洞wing ①翼(状物)．叶片②(车身)翼(子)板．挡泥板winged nut 翼形[元宝]螺母wipe contact ①摩擦接触②滑动触点wiper 刮水器wiper blade 刮水器刮片总成wiper linkage 刮水器杆系[联动机构]wiper pattern 刮水区域式样，刮水图形wiper／washer 刮水器／洗涤器wipe／wash (玻璃窗)刮水／冼涤wire ①电线．电线束②电缆②金属丝．钢丝，线材③【动】布[装电，接]线wireless key 无线遥控门锁钥匙wireless door lock 无线遥控门锁wire rope 钢丝绳wiring ①接线．布线，配线②线路．电路wiring board 接线板wiring harness 电线束，导线束wishbone arm (悬架)叉形臂．A形臂withdrawal fork 分离叉wobble ①【动．名】(转向轮／车辆动力学)摇摆[晃，动]，振动[颤]②不均匀[稳定]运动wobble plate ①(液压马达)斜盘②斜板③防溅板，隔板。
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Drum brake also known as block brake,brake pads on the brakewheel is tightly pressed to realize brake.
Location of drum brakes
Many cars have drum brakes on the rear wheels and disc brakes on the front. Drum brakes have more parts than disc brakes and are harder to service, but they are less expensive to manufacture, and they easily incorporate an emergency brake mechanism.
The Emergency Brake
视频 Drum Brakes （鼓式 制动器 原理演 示）_标 清.flv
When the emergency brake is actuated, a cable pulls on the lever, which forces the two shoes apart.
The theory behind antilock brakes is simple. A skidding wheel (where the tire contact patch is sliding relative to the road) has less traction than a non-skidding wheel. If you have been stuck on ice, you know that if your wheels are spinning you have no traction. This is because the contact patch is sliding relative to the ice (see Brakes: How Friction Works for more). By keeping the wheels from skidding while you slow down, anti-lock brakes benefit you in two ways: You'll stop faster, and you'll be able to steer while you stop.
arts of a drum brake
the drum brake has two brake shoes and a piston. And it also has an adjuster mechanism, an emergency brake mechanism and lots of springs.
Drum brake in operation
When you hit the brake pedal, the piston pushes the brake shoes against the drum.
Brake Adjuster
When the gap gets big enough, the adjusting lever rocks enough to advance the adjuster gear by one tooth . When the brake shoes wear a little more, the adjuster can advance again, so it always keeps the shoes close to the drum.
DRUM BRAKE
Outline
Part one –---The synopsis of drum brake Part two----Parts of a drum brake Part three --Drum brake in operation Part four--- Antilock Brake Systems
brake adjuster
For the drum brakes to function correctly, the brake shoes must remain close to the drum without touching it. If they get too far away from the drum (as the shoes wear down, for instance), the piston will require more fluid to travel that distance, and your brake pedal will sink closer to the floor when you apply the brakes. This is why most drum brakes have an automatic adjuster. .
ABS - Antilock Brake Systems
The ABS is a fourwheel system thatprevents wheel lock-up by automatically modulating the brake pressure during an emergency stop. By preventing the wheels from locking, it enables the driver to maintain steering control and to stop in the shortest possible distance under most conditions.
the emergency brake
The emergency brake on a car has to be actuated by a different power source than the primary braking system. .
Drum Brake Diagram
The drum brake diagram below shows how all the parts of the brake work together.