英语专业课程论文

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英语专业导论论文

英语专业导论论文不知不觉，英语专业导论课已经上完了，通过上专业导论课，我收获了很多，也明确了英语学习的目标，也想了以后毕业以后出来做什么工作。

很感谢学院开设的这门课程。

首先，我为什么选择英语这个专业。

其实从小，我就是比较喜欢英语的，相比于语文数学那些，因为我觉得语文学起来太枯燥了，有古文需要背诵，需要咬文嚼字，而数学又需要大量的演算，推理，需要有逻辑能力。

而英语呢，因为是外语吧，第二语言，我学起来并没有觉得太枯燥，而且我还想要把它学好，将来有机会的话可以出国，到外面去看看。

但我们小学还没有开始学习英语，但我已经会说一些简单的单词，对话了。

从初中开始学英语，一直成绩还算可以，在英语学习上，我也觉得没有什么困难的。

再到高中，看见一些外国人，我也可以和他们简单的交流了，我就觉得特有成就感，感觉英语真的很好，所以考大学的时候，我选择了英语专业，想要在英语上更上一层楼，同时也更想多接触几门外语，希望在以后当个翻译或什么的，也可以到处的走走，自由些，我觉得这样就很好。

而英语专业学什么，其实刚开始我并不是很清楚，只是大概了解英语专业就学英语吧，听，说，读，写那些，但通过上专业导论课，我明白了许多，对英语专业学什么有了清楚的认识，英语专业要学语音、语法、词汇、听力、阅读、写作、翻译，要学这么学的东西，我明白了其实学习一门语言，也不是件容易的事情，学习英语，不仅要学习英语，还要学习西方的文化，西方的历史等等，这样才能更好的掌握这门语言。

英语的“听”，就是听力，学习英语，要多听，听力很重要，现在我们的这个阶段，正是比较基础的阶段，需要我们大量的听，听懂别人讲的英语，听懂大众讲的英语，听懂bbc ，voa主流频道英文，而在世界每个地方，有些讲的英语都是不一样的，比如日本，印度人讲英语都不一样的，所以这就需要我们大量的练习听力了，学会听懂变种英语，只有先听懂别人说什么，你才知道你要怎么去说。

英语的“说”，也很重要，一门语言就是用来交流的工具，只有说出来，这门语言才会得到运用，但现在，一些人们学习英语，只是学的哑巴英语，这就不好了，学习英语更要学会怎么去说出来。

英语专业论文英语范文推荐(精选4篇)

英语专业论文英语范文推荐(精选4篇)选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。

问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来，本文是勤劳的小编给家人们找到的英语专业论文英语范文推荐【精选4篇】，仅供参考，希望对大家有一些参考价值。

英语小论文800字篇一1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才There is an old saying: where there is a will, there is a way. It tells us that a strong will is the most essential quality that anyone who wants to achieve success. It can contribute a lot to one’s success.Although “All roads lead to Rome”, none of them is completely smooth. Our life is filled with obstacles which may make us feel so hopeless that we may choose to give up. At the crucial moment, strong will helps a lot. As a matter of fact, the ability to work through difficult situation and unfortunate events with strong will can make one stronger and more capable. In other words, if we want to realize life’s goal, we must keep forging ahead with strong consciousness.From what has been discussed above, we can see that the establishment of tough determination is of great importance to everyone. With a strong will, including our knowledge, we will be able to deal with any situation in our life. Whatever we do, as long as we stick to and do not give up easily, we will realize the goal at last.英语专业论文模板篇二“魅力新声”英语歌唱比赛不仅具有较高的学术含量，而且包含较浓厚的英语文化。

英语专业学年论文

英语专业学年论文语音是口头交际的基础,也是语言教学的出发点。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英语专业学年论文，供大家参考。

英语专业学年论文范文一：情感过滤效应在外语教学中的应用摘要：本文从情感过滤效应学说出发，解释了语言教学过程，不仅是认识过程，传授知识的过程，而且是情感交流的过程。

同时，笔者认为情感过滤学说不够完善，不能解释语言教学中的各种现象，进而提出了自己的看法。

论文关键字：情感过滤效应情感交流过程情感过滤理论(Affective Filters)是在一九八三年由西方语言学家克拉申(Krashen)提出的。

他的理论可用正面图说明：Filter(过滤器)Input(语言习得机制) (学习者的能力)他认为，“在语言教学过程中，老师讲授的语言知识(即Input输入)需经过一个情感过滤器(即filter)的作用方可进入学生的语言习得机制(即languageacquisition device)，其后再转换为学生的语言能力(acquirer’s competenc e)。

”[1]所谓情感过滤器是指师生关系。

他认为，“在语言教学过程中老师采取愈理想的态度，情感过滤器的阻力则愈小;若情感过滤器阻力降至最低点，过滤时教师的输入对学生的语言习得机制将呈完全开放状态，可完全通过过滤器而直达学生，使其获得最佳学习状态。

”[2]这样，学生就会激发起更高的学习欲望，主动要求更多的输入，同时也能够获得更多的输入。

克拉申(Krashen)提出的情感过滤理论把语言学理论与语言教学实践联系起来，认为语言是通过接受可理解性输入而产生的。

由此可以看出，情感过滤学说是符合教育学与心理学规律的，有它新颖性，对语言教学活动，特别是对外语教学有重要指导意义。

教学过程是教师、学生的主要实践活动。

凯洛夫的《教育学》认为，“教学过程是一种在教师指导下，学生学习前人已经认识了的知识技能，培养一定观点和道德品质的认识过程。

”[2]即教学过程是一种特殊的认识过程。

大学英语专业论文六篇

大学英语专业论文六篇高校英语专业论文范文1(一)职后培训短缺高校英语老师的职后培训状况不容乐观。

以笔者所在学校为例，本院共有在岗并从事高校英语课程教学的老师56人，每工作5年有1次进修经受(包括攻读学位、访学、留学，进修时间不少于1年)的老师不到10%。

35岁以下的老师除攻读学位而外，有外出进修经受的人次为1人。

教龄达20年以上的高校英语老师16人，近10年内进修过的比例为43．7%;教龄在10年至15年的老师(攻读学位除外)13人中仅2人有进修经受，笔者本人工作14年多次申请进修未果。

从课间休息时老师之间的沟通中获悉，多数高校英语老师都有外出进修的剧烈愿望，但皆因各种缘由未能如愿以偿。

主要缘由有两项:一是高校高校英语教学工作任务太重不能放人，除非攻读学位，"工作量大，教学任务繁重是阻碍高校英语老师自身进展的客观缘由'［2］;二是接受老师进修的高校少且每年可接收的老师数量有限。

其余渠道的进修培训不多，"高校英语老师培训网'只有"培训负责人和技术负责人'能申请注册，受众面比较窄。

(二)教学颇受诟病社会上多年来盛行不衰的形形的英语培训学校、辅导班，以及讨论中大量消失的"哑巴英语'和"聋子英语'等词汇使得广阔英语老师颇受诟病。

将英语辅导学校的盛行归因于学校英语教学的不力好像有几分道理。

高校生参加高校英语教学状况调查时亦做出类似反馈，将胜利归因于自身的努力，而将失败归因于高校英语老师的教学不得法［3］。

此处暂不考虑这样的归因是否合乎规律，但高校英语老师无论如何是脱不了干系的。

首先，绝大多数中学校英语老师是高等教育培育的。

其次，作为"哑巴英语'和"聋子英语'携带者的高校生们刚走出高校校门即被识破，充分说明高校英语的教学质量如何。

再者，为提高高校英语教学质量，21世纪以来，高校英语教学改革的不断推动和是否广泛推广ESP专业英语教学的争辩热点都不约而同地指向高校英语老师专业化进展的必要性和紧迫性。

英语语言学论文六篇

英语语言学论文六篇英语语言学论文范文2［关键词］英美文学语言教学高校英语教学模式随着我国改革开放的深化和现代化进程的飞速进展，英语作为一门国际性语言，在社会的政治、文化、经济等各个领域对于人才的需求量与日俱增，高校的高校英语教育也正面临新的机遇和挑战。

众多高校英语老师都在不断地摸索，总结新的有效的教学策略和方法。

目前，许多老师在高校英语教学中，尝试使用多媒体教学，用丰富的视听材料给同学创设富有意义的课堂教学环境。

作为一种补充，在课堂教学中融入经典英美文学作品也不失为一种提高同学爱好，促进英语学习的有效途径。

英美文学教育，作为高校英语教育的一种重要手段，可以培育同学的思维力量、想象力以及制造力。

其功能和应用价值的体现不仅仅适用于英语专业高班级的同学，同时也适用于高校外语教学，而文学语言也可以作为英语语言学习的重要范本，在提高高校生人文素养情操及文学鉴赏力量的同时，提高同学的文学语言感悟力。

一、文学语言与英语语言技能的进展众所周知，语言是思想的直接实现，人靠语言来表达思想。

与其他艺术形式相比较，语言艺术有着极为丰富的思想容量。

作家可以直接将自己对生活的感受、体验、理解、评价及心情、情感渗透在作品中，从而以情达理，以理融情，情、理相生。

真正的文学大师笔下的语言是具有生命灵性的，它有声，有色，有味，有情感，有厚度、力度与质感，是应当细心去体会，沉吟，把玩，并从中感受到一种语言的趣味性。

因此语言的背后是人的心灵世界。

对文学语言美的敏感与驾驭力量，是提高人的精神境界，使人变得更加美妙的不行或缺的方面。

文学阅读的魅力与意义也就在于此。

目前的高校英语教学，仍旧停留在传统的单纯课文教学，语言点讲解等层面上，课本内容相对陈旧，老师的教学手段也并无创新之处。

其弊端是忽视英语的基本功能即表达功能，也忽视了同学在教学活动中的主体作用，另外还忽视了对同学英语学习爱好的培育，将生硬的课本内容强行“灌输”;至同学脑海中，使整个课堂教学环节缺乏生气，长此以往，高校英语教学将陷入僵局。

英语专业论文(5篇)

英语专业论文(5篇)英语专业论文(5篇)英语专业论文范文第1篇1.专业老师英语教学阅历不足，教学热忱不高。

国内大多数高校的专业英语老师始终由本专业老师担当，专业老师一般是非师范类院校毕业，虽然专业功底深厚，但英语教学技巧与水平有限，教学仅停留在专业英语课文阅读与重点句子翻译层面。

老师过分注意科研，忽视教学，没有全身心地投入教学，教学责任心不强，老师在专业英语教学上应付了事，教学质量差。

目前，专业英语老师采纳的教学方法多是传统的"一言堂、填鸭式'教学模式，缺少吸取新学问、提高学术水平的热忱和动力。

2.同学英语水平参差不齐，学习爱好不高。

国内农业院校绝大多数同学英语基础相对较差，英语水平参差不齐，英语基础差的同学学习专业英语很吃力，再加上对专业英语的重要性熟悉不够，学习爱好不高，简单产生厌倦心情。

有的同学专业词汇功底浅，很少并且很难进行外文资料的翻译和阅读，不能够准时猎取国际性的本专业的最新讨论动态。

3.教学内容设置不合理，教学形式平凡。

当前，各院校开设的园艺专业英语课程与综合性学术英语之间缺乏连接性，英语课程大多围绕专业英语词汇及文章内容的讲解，这种教学内容设置忽视了对同学专业英语技能层面和语言层面力量的综合培育。

各高校所用的教材主要有自选原版英文教材和自行选编教材两种形式，自编教材内容编排过于古板、陈旧，还有的教材内容难度偏高或者涉及的专业内容过于简洁，不能满意专业要求。

再有，各高校通常采纳传统的"填鸭式'教学模式，偏重于老师的讲解，教学内容枯燥，教学形式单一，忽视了同学的主动性和制造性，同学学习的乐观性不高，同学只是被动接受学问。

这种教学形式比较死板，同学无法参加到教学过程中，扼杀了同学的学习爱好与英语语感的培育，最终导致我国专业英语缺乏创新性的局面。

二、本项园艺专业英语教学改革特色与成效在园艺专业英语教学实践中尝试了一系列园艺专业英语教学改革并取得了肯定成效，详细改革如下。

英文论文(优秀4篇)

英文论文（优秀4篇）选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。

以下是可爱的编辑为大伙儿收集整理的英文论文（优秀4篇），希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

英语专业论文模板篇一很多学生忽视了毕业论文的重要性和现实意义，这是其写作质量不高的主要原因之一。

毕业论文是大学生在校期间向学校所交的较后一份书面作业。

英语专业学生在修完一般英语写作课程后，初步熟知和掌握了基本的写作要素和技巧，这时为了深化写作内容，进一步提高文字表达能力，须开始进行学术论文写作。

毕业论文写作在巩固了词的各种意义、搭配、用法、词序，句子的定义、结构、种类、用法，即写作的基本要素和技巧的同时，还能培养初步的研究、分析和总结问题的能力。

这就为学生在日后进一步从事相关学科的研究工作打下了坚实的基础。

《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》指出，“毕业论文是考察学生综合能力、评估学业成绩的一个重要方式”。

毕业论文写作的优劣、质量的高低是决定学生能否顺利毕业或可否被授予学位的重要依据。

因此大学生须重视和认真撰写毕业论文。

英语论文范文word 篇二Upon the completion of the thesis, I would like to take this opportunity toexpress my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Peng Xiaohua, who hasgiven me important guidance on the thesis. Without his help and encouragement,my thesis would have been impossible. Besides his help with my thesis,he hasalso given me much advice on the methods of doing research, which is of greatvalue to my future academic life.I am also obliged to other teachers whose lectures have broadened my scopeof vision in British and American literature and help me lay a necessaryfoundation for the writing of the thesis. I am also grateful to all the members ofthe faculty and staff in the College of Foreign Languages who have provided mewith a lot of help and guidance.Last but not least, I would like to express my gratitude to all the friends andfamily members who have offered me help. Without their help,I could not havefinished my study and this thesis.英语专业论文模板篇三分层次提出教学要求：英语系按照学校的要求把XX级学生以入学成绩为依据分了两个层次，A层次普通学科专业班级，B层次体音美专业班级。

英语专业毕业论文

英语专业毕业论⽂英语专业毕业论⽂（精选8篇）⼤学⽣活要接近尾声了，毕业⽣要通过最后的毕业论⽂，毕业论⽂是⼀种有准备的检验学⽣学习成果的形式，那么应当如何写毕业论⽂呢？以下是⼩编收集整理的英语专业毕业论⽂，供⼤家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

英语专业毕业论⽂篇1 论⽂摘要：如何提⾼⼤学法语⼆外教学，⼀直是⾼校法语教学研究的重要问题。

本⽂试从⼤学法语⼆外教学存在的问题⼊⼿，从教学内容上分析，进⽽提出解决的⽅法。

关键词：教学⽅法;精讲多练;多媒体;法英对⽐ 21世纪是⼀个以知识经济和经济信息全球化为主要特征的时代，世界经济的⽇益全球化和⼀体化与中国对外开放进程的加速，现代社会科技、通讯、经济、⽂化的进步，使世界交往更加密切。

语⾔⼈才不再单单只是能熟练运⽤⼀门外语的专才，⽽是能同时运⽤两三门语⾔的通才。

全世界有1亿七千多万讲法语的⼈⼝，法语是联合国、国际奥委会、万国邮政等多个国际组织的唯⼀官⽅语⾔或者官⽅语⾔之⼀，能说法语将在国际交往占有优势地位，因此越来越多的⾼校开设了法语⼆外课程，研究法语作为第⼆外语教学的⼯作，也就迫在眉睫了。

⼤学法语教学针对学习对象的不同，分为法语专业教学，英语专业本科⽣与研究⽣法语⼆外必修课教学和⾮英语专业学⽣公共选修课教学。

在此⽂中仅对英语专业本科⽣法语⼆外的教学进⾏分析。

⼀、⼤学法语⼆外教学⾯临的问题 2002年《⼤学法语⼤纲》明确规定：“⼤学法语教学的⽬的是培养⼀定的阅读能⼒，初步的听、说、读、写、译的能⼒，使学⽣能以法语为⼯具，获取专业所需，为进⼀步提⾼法语⽔平打下较好的基础。

”盖房⼦最重要的是搭地基，对于法语⼆外教学，打基础就是最重要的。

学过法语的⼈都知道，法语确实是⼀门很难的语⾔。

如果给学⽣打好了扎实的基础，那么⼀切都将迎刃⽽解。

(⼀) 法语⼆外课时和内容相⽐显得过少。

每周四课时，开设四个学期，总共256课时，听、说、读、写、译各⽅⾯的内容都要涉及到，打好基础，在这么少的课时下，要达到教学⽬标⾯临不少困难。

关于英语语言学论文免费参考例文

关于英语语言学论文免费参考例文随着信息全球化的快速发展，英语已经成为了国际通用语言，英语语言学是高校英语专业学生的一门必修课程。

下文是店铺为大家整理的英语语言学论文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!英语语言学论文篇1浅析英语语言学的课程教学摘要：短短二三十年时间，语言学教学研究分类越来越细、分工越来越明确，正如王宗炎(1988：15)形象地比喻：过去的语言学只是一家小商店，如今已发展成为一家百货公司。

对于林林总总的学科分类和研究流派，结合教学大纲和英专学生本科阶段知识体系的形成，对该课程定位是必要的。

白郁(2007)认为语言学目标是宽泛的而非具体的，即培养学生的理论修养和对语言的热爱。

而本文则认为既应有宽泛目标，也应有具体目标。

学习理论知识时，学习和应用研究方法也是很重要的。

语言学基础理论，尤其是微观方面的理论成果，对英专学生语言技能的提高有检验作用;在跨学科或横向方面，将语言学相关理论用到英美文学和英汉翻译中，提高文学作品鉴赏能力，提升英汉对译技巧，形成论文即为具体目标。

诚然，理论与实践结合非一朝一夕之事，但撰写论文乃一种尝试。

故在介绍理论时，必要补充对理论的应用与研究，适当抛砖引玉，可有效激发学生探索兴趣。

故，具体目标使学生看到学习成效，宽泛目标锻炼了学生理性思维，既调动心灵又提高素质，教学效果也就不同了。

关键词：语言学语用学语篇分析1、教学内容传统课本基本上以微观语言学为主，按结构语言学思路编排内容，从语音学、音系学、形式学、句法、语义学，一直到语用学和语篇分析。

教学内容的改革是大多数学者的主张，如白郁(2007)认为应以语言哲学意义、语言与大脑及认知关系、语言学发展简史、宏观把握语言学真正意义等四方面为重。

还有学者认为增加课外阅读材料以改进教学内容，如王扬(2004)和吴格奇(2005)主张选用有助于学生理解基本理论、概念的材料、辅之以拓宽视野的补充材料。

还有以宏观还是微观语言学内容作为教学重点的争论：“微观”派认为语言内部分支是语言学的基础内容，课时分配比重要大;“宏观”派认为基础部分简单，学生可自学，重点应是宏观介绍;“中间”派是既注重基础又考虑涉猎面。

英语语言学毕业论文（精选多篇）

英语语⾔学毕业论⽂（精选多篇）英语语⾔学毕业论⽂(精选多篇)第⼀篇：英语专业毕业论⽂：社会语⾔学the definition of sociolinguistics and its characteristic外语系06接本6班尹珊珊24号[abstract]sociolinguistics is a term including the aspects of linguistics applied toward the connections between language and society, and the way we use it in different social situations. it ranges from the study of the wide variety of dialects across a given region down to the analysis between the way men and women speak to one another. sociolinguistics often shows us the humorous realities of human speech and how a dialect of a given language can often describe the age, sex, and social class of the speaker; it codes the social function of a language.[key words] sociolinguisticssociolinguistics variationsocial function [content]sociolinguistics is the study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used. it also studies how lects differ between groups separated by certain social variables, e.g., ethnicity, religion, status, gender, level of education, etc., and how creation and adherence to these rules is used to categorize individual socio-economic classes. as the usage of a language varies from place to place, and language usage varies among social classes. it is socialists that sociolinguistics studies.the study of language variation is concerned with social constraints determine language in its contextual environment. code-switching is the term given to the use of different varieties of language in different social situations. sociolinguistic differs from sociology of language in that the focus of sociolinguistics is the effect of the society on the language, while the latter’s focus is on the language’s effect on the society. while the study of sociolinguistics is very broad, there are a few fundamental concepts on which most sociolinguistic inquiries depend. sociolinguistics is different from many of the other branches of linguistics in that it studies external as opposed to internal language. internal language applies to the study of language on the abstract level, or in the head, put simply. external language applies to language in social contexts, or outside the head. this distinction is important, because internal language analyses, such as syntax and semantics, operate1on the assumption that all native speakers of a language are quite homogeneous in how they process and perceive language. external language fields, such as sociolinguistics, attempt to explain why this is in fact not the case. these two approaches, while distinct, complement each other in practice.understanding language in society means that one also has to understand the social networks in which language is embedded. this may apply to the macro level of a country or a city, but also to the inter-personal level ofneighborhoods or a single family.sociolinguistics as a field distinct from dialectology was pioneered through the study of language variation in urban areas. whereas dialectology studies the geographic distribution of language variation, sociolinguistics focuses on other sources of variation, among them class. class and occupation is one of the most important linguistic markers found in society.one of the fundamental findings of sociolinguistics, which has been hard to disprove, is that class and language variety are related. as can be implied from the example below, the working class tends to speak less standard language. the lower, middle, and upper middle class will in turn speak closer to the standard. however, the upper class, even members of the upper middle class, may often speak ‘less’ standard than the middle class. this is because not only class, but class aspirations, are important. men and women, on average, tend to use slightly different language styles. these differences tend to be quantitative rather than qualitative. that is, to say that women make more minimal responses than men is akin to saying that men are taller than women. the initial identification of a women’s register was by robin lakoff in 1975, who argued that the style of language served to maintain women’s role in society. a later refinement of this argument was that gender differences in language reflected a power difference. however, both these perspective have the language style ofmen as normat ive, implying that women’s style is inferior. more recently, deborah tannen has compared gender differences in language as more similar to ‘cultural’ differences. comparing conversational goals, she argued that men have a report style,aiming to communicate factual information, whereas women have a rapport style, more concerned with building and maintaining relationships. such differences are pervasive across mediums, including face-to-face conversation, written essays of primary school children, email, and even toilet graffiti. communication styles are always a product of context, and as such, gender differences tend to be most pronounced in single-gender groups. one explanation for this, is that people accommodate their language towards the style of the person they are interacting with. thus, in a mixed-gender group, gender differences tend to be less pronounced. a similarly important observation is that this accommodation is usually towards the language style, not the gender of the person. that is, a polite and empathic male will tend to be accommodated to on thebasis of their being polite and empathic, rather than their being male. sociolinguistics has drawn more and more attention since it became an independent discipline in mid 1960s. but scholars from various disciplines look at sociolinguistics from different perspectives, and carry out sociolinguistic study in different ways. this paper tries to understand sociolinguistics in terms of its definitions and the scope of sociolinguisticstudy to point o ut the lack of comprehensiveness in fishman’’s view on the definition of sociolinguistics.参考⽂献：《社会语⾔学概论》戴庆厦主编商务印书馆《社会语⾔学概论》祝畹瑾编著湖南教育出版社.《语⾔学概论》杨信彰⾼等教育出版社第⼆篇：英语语⾔学论⽂题⽬英语语⾔学论⽂题⽬13论国际商务谈判中的语⾔交际技巧33成⼈世界的童话——从⽂体学⾓度解析现今童话再度流⾏的现象49论⽂化差异与英汉商标互译55浅谈英汉句⼦结构差异59诗意的美和喜剧性幽默62试论⼴告英语的语⾔特点65统觉团对英语初学者词汇学习的影响67外语学习中应该重视中介语的作⽤69新闻报道中的转述动词研究73英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对⽐研究74英汉数字习语的对⽐研究76英译汉中词序的变动78英语⼴告的语⾔特征80英语双关语汉译的可译性限度101词义演变的原因与⽅式137从汉语中英语借词的翻译看⽂化交流138从价值观转换看斯佳丽的⾓⾊特征142从礼貌准则看中英⽂化的异同146从习语看英汉民族的⽂化差异149从英语⼈名中看性别歧视157动词过程类型的选择和话语隐性态度的表达161对母语在英语写作中词汇负迁移现象的思考162对严复译作中“信”的质疑167法律英语⽤词特征分析168法律语⾔翻译与法律⽂体177副词ever的句法环境和语义特征180功能语法视⾓下的英语报纸新闻标题的功能183⼴告⼝号语的语⾔特点189国际商务⽂化之对⽐研究204汉语中双关语的翻译213基于概念隐喻的诗歌解读228论⼴告英语中的幽默265论⼴告英语的语⾔特点268论汉英谚语的语⾔特征280论清教理念与美国西进运动282论莎⼠⽐亚⼗四⾏诗中的时间300论英语⼴告中⼏种常⽤修辞格及其汉译310论尤⾦?奥尼尔的表现主义⼿法324名词化的语篇功能330诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响339浅谈英语虚拟语⽓的语⽤功能340浅谈英语虚拟语⽓及其语⽤功能345浅析⼆⼗世纪计算机英语词汇的构成特点346浅析汉英动物谚语中的⽂化348浅析英汉语⾔中的性别歧视现象及其根源349浅析英语禁忌语及其发展352浅析英语⽆标志被动句356浅议译者能⼒359认知语⾔学⾓度下“within” 的空间隐喻意义365商标英语汉译的原则和⽅法384体育新闻英语⽂体研究375社会语⾔学视野中的⽹络语⾔418新闻英语中的语法特点研究423颜⾊词在英汉互译中的不对应性425移就的审美价值和⽣成基础426以认知为基础的颜⾊隐喻研究428隐喻认知功能研究的新视⾓429隐喻与⼀词多义的关系438英汉被动句对⽐研究439英汉宾语类型差异的认知原因。

大学英语教学论文(9篇)_英语论文

大学英语教学论文(9篇)_英语论文第一篇：独立学院大学英语教学ESP理论应用一、引言独立学院以培养符合社会和市场需求的应用型人才为目标，在我国高等教育大众化发展现阶段，独立学院面临着空前挑战和激烈竞争。

大学英语是规模最大的基础课程，近年来各独立学院纷纷进行大学英语改革，如分级教学、模块教学、翻转课堂等。

改革在一定程度上提高了学生的英语水平，但目前独立学院大学英语以一般用途英语（EnglishforGeneralPur-pose）为主，虽然强调提高学生听、说、读、写、译技能，但实际上主要目标是提高学生的应试能力，尤其是通过全国大学英语四六级考试的能力。

因此，不足以满足学生毕业后对英语的日常和工作需求，未能很好地实现独立学院培养应用型人才这一目标。

专门用途英语，即ESP（EnglishforSpecificPurposes），是近年来外语教育界研究的热点之一，尤其受到独立学院英语教师们的关注。

在EGP的基础上，ESP不但适合我国现阶段英语教学发展要求，而且将英语教学和学生将来职业发展联系起来，针对性强，符合独立学院应用型人才培养目标。

二、ESP简介ESP产生于二战后，许多国家正重振经济、发展科技、加强国际间交流。

英语已被认为是科技和商贸领域里的国际语言，因此，人们学习英语的目的十分明确，即掌握英语为自己所从事的专业服务。

随着社会发展，ESP成为社会语言学关于变体理论、功能分类理论、语域理论在外语教学中的具体运用。

在大学英语教学中，和EGP不同，ESP是为了满足学习者特定的学习要求而与某种特定职业或学科相关的英语学习。

除了基本的语言技能之外，在内容方面与特定职业或专业相关，更具有专业内涵性和实际应用性，如旅游英语、商务英语、法律英语、计算机英语等。

因此，EGP教授的是英语语言的普遍现象，而ESP是以EGP为基础，在EGP 的基础上不同专业的变体，是EGP发展的高级阶段。

三、ESP理论在独立学院中的应用分析（一）学生分析因定位和自身特点，独立学院生源质量与普通高校相比存在一定的差距。

英语专业优秀毕业论文

英语专业优秀毕业论文随着世界经济的发展,我国与世界各国之间的商务联系越来越密切,商务英语作为经济往来的重要桥梁也越来越重要。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英语专业优秀毕业论文，供大家参考。

英语专业优秀毕业论文范文一：高职商务英语翻译教学：问题和对策摘要：商务英语翻译是商务英语专业的一门核心课程。

审视当前高职院校的商务英语翻译教学，现状不尽如人意。

本文在简要分析商务英语翻译教学的现状和存在的问题之基础上，提出了改进的途径。

论文关键词：商务英语,翻译教学,问题,对策一、高职商务英语专业翻译教学现状商务英语作为特殊用途英语(ESP)的一种，从根本上讲既是一门语言教学，又是一种技能培训。

它培养学生在国际商务环境下的商务沟通能力和英语交际能力，它要求学生熟悉国际贸易业务涉及的主要相关文件和单证编制。

而目前高职院校学生的来源主要有两种：一是普高生，具有一定的英语基础，但比本科院校的学生的英语基础要弱。

二是中专、技校和职高毕业生，他们仅有初中三年的积累，英语基础相当弱。

因此要有效完成商务英语的教学任务，难度不小。

而且绝大多数的同学的商务知识为零，要让学生在三年的时间里有一个大的提高，能够在毕业的时候有较强的竞争力，任务确实艰巨。

商务英语翻译教学具有范围广、专业性强的特点，而且重严密性和科学性。

但由于很多高职院校是由中专、技校升格的，教师的教学模式比较单一，只注重语言点的讲授，没有结合文化背景与学生的应用能力，加上教学基础设施简陋落后，教学资源缺乏，已经远远不能适应高职教育的发展目标。

此外，长期以来高职商务英语翻译的教学安排没有很好地体现实用性特点，翻译教学的总学时为60左右，且多排在三年级上学期，学生很难进行系统的理论把握和翻译实践。

而学生忙于准备实习，这也势必影响翻译教学的效果。

二、商务英语翻译教学中普遍存在的问题1. 商务英语翻译教学缺乏整体的计划安排。

翻译教学的整体计划非常重要，因为它决定着该课程的教学目的、方法、教材的选择和课程的设置等诸多方面。

英语语言学方面论文

英语语言学方面论文英语作为一种国际化的语言，在信息化、全球化日益发展的今天，其作用越来越重要。

下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英语语言学方面论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!英语语言学方面论文篇1浅探新时代和谐英语语言学课堂的构建【摘要】探索一条有效的语言学教学途径一直是大学英语教育者关注的问题,本文从和谐的角度探讨英语语言学和谐课堂的构建。

分析什么是和谐课堂,进而利用和谐教学、和谐环境等理论方法指导语言学教学的实际,达到构建英语语言学和谐课堂的效果。

【关键词】英语语言学语言学课堂和谐课堂的构建良好的和谐的课堂气氛能激活学生的脑细胞,激发他们的学习兴趣,开发他们的思维潜能,更好地促进他们接受新知识,掌握新技能。

如何创造和谐的课堂气氛,有效地促进教学,是每个英语教学者都必然关注的问题。

美国心理学家罗杰斯认为:“成功的教学依赖于一种真诚的理解和信任的师生关系,依赖于一种和谐安全的课堂气氛。

”由此可见,一个成功的课堂与和谐安全的课堂气氛息息相关。

英语专业的学生在掌握了听说读写这些基本技能的基础上,需要进一步比较全面、比较系统地了解现代语言学这一领域的研究成果,以及一些最主要、最有影响的语言理论和原则,从而加深对人类语言这一人类社会普遍现象的理性认识,并具备一定的运用语言学理论解释语言现象、解决具体语言问题的能力,提高自身的语言修养和学习语言的能力。

一、英语语言学课程的特点课程的教学任务和目的是向学生讲授英语语言的属性、功能、起源和内部层次,掌握英语语言学基本特征和主要分支的基本概念,了解语言在时空中的变异及其与社会、文化、语境、思维等外部因素的关系,同时了解部分主要语言学流派。

英语语言学的教学内容宽泛,不易深细,主要包括英语语言和英语语言学领域中各分支的基础理论,如语音学、音系学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学等基本内容,也包括了语言的变异及其与外部因素的关系。

二、英语语言学的授课对象英语语言学教程的授课对象是学习英语的高等院校学生,因此在讲解过程中大部分采用了英语。

英语教学论文范文(精选6篇)(4)

英语教学论文范文(精选6篇)(4)摘要：随着全球化进程的加快，英语作为国际通用语言，在各个领域都发挥着重要作用。

在我国，英语教育也受到了越来越多的重视。

本文精选了六篇优秀的英语教学论文，通过分析这些论文的研究方法、研究内容以及研究结论，为我国英语教学提供了一些有益的借鉴和启示。

一、论文1：基于任务型教学法的高中英语阅读教学研究1. 研究方法：采用文献综述、问卷调查、课堂观察等方法，对任务型教学法在高中的应用进行了实证研究。

2. 研究内容：分析了任务型教学法在高中的应用现状，探讨了任务型教学法对提高高中英语阅读教学效果的作用。

3. 研究结论：任务型教学法有助于激发学生的学习兴趣，提高阅读理解能力，培养学生的自主学习能力。

二、论文2：基于翻转课堂的大学英语听说教学研究1. 研究方法：采用实验研究法，对翻转课堂在大学英语听说教学中的应用效果进行了实证研究。

2. 研究内容：探讨了翻转课堂在大学英语听说教学中的应用模式，分析了翻转课堂对提高学生听说能力的作用。

3. 研究结论：翻转课堂有助于提高学生的听说能力，培养学生的自主学习能力，提高课堂教学效果。

三、论文3：基于情境教学的初中英语词汇教学研究1. 研究方法：采用实验研究法，对情境教学在初中英语词汇教学中的应用效果进行了实证研究。

2. 研究内容：探讨了情境教学在初中英语词汇教学中的应用模式，分析了情境教学对提高学生词汇掌握程度的作用。

3. 研究结论：情境教学有助于提高学生的词汇掌握程度，培养学生的语言运用能力，提高课堂教学效果。

四、论文4：基于项目式学习的大学英语写作教学研究1. 研究方法：采用实验研究法，对项目式学习在大学英语写作教学中的应用效果进行了实证研究。

2. 研究内容：探讨了项目式学习在大学英语写作教学中的应用模式，分析了项目式学习对提高学生写作能力的作用。

3. 研究结论：项目式学习有助于提高学生的写作能力，培养学生的创新思维和团队协作能力，提高课堂教学效果。

英语教学设计论文8篇

目前大学英语教学设计方式是以重学会,轻会学,重教材知识,轻生活世界为教学设计方式。

教学设计以知识为中心,强调学生对知识的掌握,以知识的传授为其突出特点,是知识本位的教学设计方式。

这种教学设计忽视了学生情感态度、个性特点等发展,对学生的全面发展造成很大的障碍,使学生成为学习知识的工具。

事实上,学生学习知识本是为了学生自身的发展与进步,而知识本位的教学设计却将知识本身当作了教学目的,成了为学习知识而学习知识。

随着人们认识水平的提高,教学设计理论的发展以及知识本位教学设计的弊端不断显现,传统英语教学设计应走出知识本位的误区,这已成为教育理论界和实践界的共识。

教学设计主要包括教学目标、教学过程、教学评价等方面。

该文主要从这三方面探讨。

1.1教学目标设计中存在的问题(1)目标设计缺乏实际应用性现阶段我国高校教师在英语教学目标的设计过程中,通常存在一些问题,在教学目标设计上,教师在课堂上过多注重语法、词汇、句型等教材内容的讲解,缺少对学生实际应用英语的能力培养。

教师大都采用翻译教学法为学生授课,学生学习的主体性不能得到真正地发挥,学生发现问题、解决问题的能力较差。

(2)目标设计与测试相结合1.2教学过程设计现状当今在我国高校英语教育教学过程中,英语教师在教学过程的设计上主要是以教师讲授教材内容为主,极少涉及适合学生特点的,与学生生活背景及就业密切相关的实用知识的内容。

学生用了大部分时间在学校学习基本知识,但学习及应用效果却大打折扣。

这种原有的英语教学设计模式不能满足我国应用型大学英语教育发展的实际要求,与时代的发展还存在一定的差距。

1.3教学评价设计现状在高校英语教学的长期发展过程中,教师在英语教学评价的设计上多采用终结性教学评价。

这样就会形成教师和学生过多地关注英语学习的结果,而忽视对教师的教学内容、教学方法等的综合评价。

这样的教学评价只能是一种结果性评价,不能从多方面对教师的教学过程进行系统性评价。

2对应用型大学英语教学设计的几点建议2.1教学目标的设计应用型大学英语教师应坚持“以应用为本,学以致用”的教学理念,以就业为导向,以培养“懂专业、技能强、能合作、会做事”的高素质技术应用型英语人才为主。

专业英语课程论文-油气储运工程TechnicalEnglishforOilandGas

T echnical English for Oil and GasStorage and T ransportation Engineering Since September this year, we have had a new course called Technical English for oil and gas storage and transportation engineering. Professor Liu is the teacher of this course and she is very well to us. In the teaching of Professor Liu, I get much knowledge and I fell very happy.Now,let me write somethings about my profession with some personnal ideals.Extensive Reading①The title of the first paper I viewed is “Fluid and Hydraulic System”.As far as I am concerned,this paper mainly describes two important contents which are fluid and hydraulic system.The former part of this paper gives an account of Fluid that is a substance which may flow.Its constituent particles may continuously change their positions relative to one another.Moreover,it offers no lasting resistance to the displacement,however great ,of one layer over another.This means that,if the fluid is at rest,no shear force(that is a force tangential to the surface on which it acts)can exist in it.Meanwhile,fluid may be classified as Newtonian or non- Newtonian.In Newtonian fluid there is a linear relation between the magnitude of applied shear stresses and the resulting rate of angulardeformation.In non- Newtonian fluid there is a nonlinear relation between the magnitude of applied shear stresses and the resulting rate of angular deformation.The after part of this paper is concerned with the hydraulic system. I think the ligament between the two sides is “Pascal’s law”. Because all hydraulic systems depend on Pascal’s law,named after Braise Pascal, who discovered the law. This law states that pressurized fluid within a closed container-such as cylinder or pipe-exerts equal force on all of the surfaces of the container. Moreover, in actual hydraulic systems, Pascal’s law defines the basis of the results which are obtained from the system.Thus,pump moves the liquid in the system. The intake of the pump is connected to a liquid source,usually called the tank or reservoir. Atmospheric pressure,pressing on the liquid in the reservior,forces the liquid into the pump.when the pump operates,it forces liquid from the tank into the discharge pipe at a suitable pressure.②The title of the second paper I viewed is “A Discussion on Modern Design Optimization”. In this paper,the author focuses on the theory underlying some of the mathematical methods employed by design optimization procedures.To begin with, this paper treats of the optimization techniques taking one with another. The integration of optimization techniqueshas the power to reduce design costs by shifting the burden from the engineer to the computer. Furthermore,the mathematical rigor of a properly implemented potimization tool can add confidence to the design process.Modern optimization methods perform shape optimizations on components generated within a choice of CAD packages. Ideally, there is seamless data exchange via direct memory transfer between the CAD and FEA applications without the need for file translation. Furthermore, if associativity between the CAD and FEA software exist, any changes made in the CAD geometry are immediately reflected in the FEA model.The second, this paper describe how the optimization problem arises. Consider a three-step process:(1)Generation of geometry of part or assembly in CAD;(2)Creation of FEA mode of part or assembly;(3)Evaluation of results of FEA models.Meanwhile,most optimization problems are made up of three basic components.(1) An objective function which we want to minimize (or maximize). For instance, in designing an automobile panel, we might want to minimize the stress in a particular region.(2) A set of design variables that affect the value of theobjective function. In the automobile panel design problem, the variables used define the geometry and material of the panel.(3) A set of constraints that allow the design variables to have values but exclude others. In the automobile panel design problem, we would probably want limit its weight.The last but not the least, there is no beauideal in the world. Modern design optimization has many benefits and drawbacks. The elimination or reduction of repetitive manual tasks has been the impetus behind many software applications. Automatic design optimization is one of the latest applications used to reduce man-hours at the expense of possibly increasing the computational effort. It is even possible that an automatic design optimization scheme may actually require less computational effort than a manual approach. This is because the mathematical rigor on which these schemes are based may be more efficient than a human-based solution. Of course, these schemes do not replace human intuition, which can occasionally significantly shorten the design cycle. That is, no variable combination of the design parameters is left unconsidered. Thus,designs obtained using design optimization software should be accurate to within the resolution of the overall method.Intensive ReadingOriginal textIndustrial RobotA robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, manipulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements. The term “multipurpose”means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling cureently in use.Over the past two decades, the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robot can perform certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are being increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.The typical structure of industrial robot consists of 4 major components: the manipulator, the end effector, the power supply and the control system.The manipulator is a mechanical unit that provide motions similar to those of a human arm. It often has a shoulder joint, an elbow and a wrist. It can rotate or slide, stretch out and withdraw inevery possible direction with certain flexibility.The basic mechanical configurations of the robot manipulator are categorized as cartesian, cylindrical, spherical and ariculated. A robot with a cartesian geometry can move its gripper to any position within the cube or rectangle defined as its working volume. Cylindrical coordinate robots can move the gripper within a volume that is described by a cylinder. The cylindrical coordinate robot is positioned in the work area by two linear movements in the X and Y directions and one angular rotation about the axis. Spherical arm geometry robots position the wrist through two rotation and one linear actuation. Articulated industrial robots have an irregular work envelope. This type of robot has two main variants,vertically articulated and horizontally articulated.The end effector attaches itself to the end of robot wrist, also called end-of-arm tooling. It is the device intended for performing the designed operations as a human as a human hand can. End effectors are generally custom-made to meet special handling requirements. Mechanical grippers are the most commonly used and are equipped with two or more fingers. The selection of an appropriate end effector for a specific application depends on such factors as the payload, environment, reliability, and cost.The power supply is the actuator for moving the robot arm,controlling the joints and operating the end effector. The basic types of power sources include electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic. Each source of energy and each type of motor has its own characteristics, advantages and limitations. An ac-powered or dc-powered motor may be used depending on the systerm design and applications. These motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to power the robot. Most new robot use electrical power supply. Pneumatic actuators have been used for high speed, nonservo robots and are often used for powering tooling such as grippers. Hydraulic actuators have been used for heavier lift system, typically where accuracy was not also required.The control system is the communications and information-processing system that gives commands for the movements of the robot. It is the brain of the robot; it sends signals to the power source to move the robot arm to a specific position and to actuate the end effector. It is also the nerves of the robot ; it is reprogrammable to send out sequences of instructions for all movements and actions to be taken by the robot.An open-loop controller is the simplest form of the control system, which controls the robot only by following the predetermined step-by-step instructions. This system does not have a self-correcting capability. A close-loop control system uses feedbacksensors to produce signals that felect the current states of the controlled objects. By comparing those feedback signals with the values set by the programmer, the close-loop controller can conduct the robot to move to the precise position and assume the desired attitude, and the end effector can perform with very high accuracy as the close-loop control system can minimize the discrepancy between the controlled object and the predetermined references.Industrial robots vary widely in size, shape, number of axes, degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influences the dimensions of the robot’s working envelope or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and V ariable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot(also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operation. Its movements are from point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously. The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be reprogrammed to perform another sequence of operation.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servo-controlled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by human beings. It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.The robot is a very special type of production tool; as a result, the applications in which robots are used are quite broad. These applications can be grouped into three categories: material processing, material handing and assembly.In material processing, robot use tools to process the raw material. For example, the robot tools could include a drill and the robot would be able to perform drilling operations on raw material.Material handing consists of the loading, unloading, and transferring of workpieces in manufacturing facilities. These operations can be performed reliably and repeatedly with robots, thereby improving quality and reducing scrap losses.Assembly is another large application area for using robotics. An automatic assembly system can incorporate automatic testing, robot automation and mechanical handing for reducing labor costs,increaing output and eliminating manual handing concerns.What I have learned form the upper paper is listed as followNowadays, along with the fast pace of economic development, more and more Industrial robots have been presented in our living. Industrial robots have many merits and their applications are very abroad in the world.The former three paragraphs of the paper mainly introduce the short and the long of the industrial robots. W e generally realize the functions and use of them. W e know that robots have been used in various vocations. There is a word “reprogrammable”that attracts me in the second paragraph. In my opinion, the term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be written to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks.From 4th to 10th paragraph, this paper mainly introduce the structures of robots. There are a large number of professional words which I list as follow.Elbo(肘) wrist(腕) shoulder joint(肩关节) Coordinate(坐标) volume(范围) cylindrical(圆柱的) spherical(球状的) open-loop(开环) close-loop(闭环) articulated(铰接的) cartesian(笛卡尔的) pneumatic(气动的) payload(有效载荷) feedback(反馈) nonservo(非伺服系统) end effector(终端操作机构)When I read the first sentence of the 4th paragraph, I wonde what is the mechanical unit. V ia some reference books, I know that the major of mechanism is the mechanical system. And the mechanical system is decomposed into mechanisms,which can be further decomposed ino mechanical components. In this sense, the mechanical components are the fundamental elements of machinery. On the whole, mechanical components Can be classified as universal and special components.From 11th to 15th paragraph, this paper mainly introduce the classification of robots. In the point, the classification is presented broad sense. as a matter of fact, there are a lot of categorys of the classification. What attracts me is the word “playback”. The original intention of “playback”is “repeatedly play”, but over here, it’s meaning is “示教”.The last four paragraphs mainly introduce several robot applications. At present there are two main types of robots, based on their use: general-purpose autonomous robots（通用机器人）and dedicated robots(专用机器人). Robots can be classified by their specificity of purpose. There are many application in our society nowadays. For example, in our school, they has three main applications: Robotic kits, V irtual tutors and teacher's assistants.Along with various techniques having emerged to develop the science of robotics and robots, One method shows itself that is evolutionary robotics, in which a number of differing robots are submitted to tests. Those which perform best are used as a model to create a subsequent "generation" of robots. Another method is developmental robotics, which tracks changes and development within a single in the areas of problem-solving and other functions.In a word, the prospect of robots is very bright.Appendix: all the papers in my discourse are extracted from the book named Technical English published in Peking University Press that borrowed from the library of my school.。

英语学科论文

英语学科论文英语学科教学经历了较长的历史，但在目前高职院校中其地位与学习重要性受到忽视。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英语学科论文，供大家参考。

英语学科论文范文一：英语学科学生管理研究一、英语学科学生管理现状(一)校园环境影响英语学科学生的管理校园环境的变化原因主要来自于两个方面，一是学校由于扩建、合并等原因，导致了许多不同学科、专业的学生混杂在一起，或者是同一个学科、专业的学生在不同的校区生活、学习，这种混乱的现象使得学校难以做到对英语学科的学生进行有针对性的管理。

二是负面的校园文化在学生之间传播非常迅速，且管理难度高。

学生本身极容易受到周围其他学生的影响，一旦某些学生的不良习惯影响到他人，将会造成大批的学生被熏染，而学校的管理却难以达到如此迅速的效果。

(二)对英语学科学生的管理制度不完善近年来，教育事业取得了非常显著的进步，教育改革也在如火如荼的进行中，英语学科作为教育中的一项具有代表性的内容，也应当从各个方面进行优化与完善。

其中对英语学科学生的管理工作，就是重点改革内容之一。

然而，目前许多学校依旧采用传统的管理制度，这些制度中大多已经无法适应现代化的教学工作，应当及时地进行调整和完善。

落后的教育制度使得教育管理者的管理工作无从下手，管理效果不明显，严重地影响了英语学科教学工作。

(三)缺乏专门的英语学科学生管理队伍现如今，学校中教育工作者的组成成分中，最多的是任课教师，另外则是领导者以及教学研究者。

而专门的教育管理者人数比例非常少，通常是由任课教师担任学生的管理工作。

这就造成了教育管理者不具备专业的管理素质与能力，且工作压力大的状况，增加了学生管理工作的难度。

学校领导者虽然在教学工作中投入了大量的人力、物力、财力，而对教育管理的投入未能及时跟上，使得管理水平远远落后于教学水平，而管理不到位又反过来阻碍了教学的发展。

二、以就业为导向加强英语学科学生管理的策略(一)完善英语学科学生管理制度对于英语学科学生的管理，必须依靠完善的管理制度。

英语专业课程论文 (1)

山西大同大学《英语测试》课程论文题目：与羊相关好的习语专业：英语学生姓名：张晓君年级：09班级序号：5班学号：090502011538 完成时间：2012 年 6 月成绩：教师签名：Idioms Related to Sheep in English and ChineseAbstract: Language and culture are interwoven with each other, as an important part in idioms, animal idioms reflect the cultural characters distinctively in both Chinese and English, and have rich expressiveness. This paper focuses on sheep related idioms, and discuss sheep’s image, economic, religion, and history reflecting in idioms. The purpose is to better understand cultural elements and meanings of idioms and improve intercultural communicative competence.Key words: Animal Idioms; Sheep; Cultural Characters与“羊”相关的中英文习语摘要：语言和文化是密不可分的，作为习语中的一个重要组成部分，动物习语鲜明地体现了汉语与英语语言的文化特色，并具有丰富的表现力。

本文从与羊有关的习语入手，探讨羊的形象、经济、宗教和历史在习语中的映射，更好地了解其文化因素及意义，提高跨文化交际能力。

关键词：动物习语；羊；文化特色Idioms Related to Sheep in English and Chinese1. IntroductionWhat does idiom mean? It means a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words (qtd. in Ai Suping 183). There are many animal related idioms in both English and Chinese, and sheep is a typical kind of animal. For the relationship between human life and sheep is so close that the idioms about it have become an integral part of human culture. “Without idioms our language would become dull and dry, whereas an appropriate use of them in our speech and writing will add to the strength and vividness of our language” (Yu Fumin and Guo Shanglian 1). They have the properties of profound moral, brevity, expressiveness and rich cultural connotation. Vivid image of sheep, prominent features, are often used to describe the quality and personality of something and somebody, so it’s more vivid. This paper will focus on sheep related idioms by introducing reflection of sheep’s image, economic, religion, and history in them. To learn and study animal idioms by studying the associative meaning of sheep, sheep’s image both in English and Chinese idioms as well as the origin of idioms will help to achieve a thorough understanding, a proper command and a solid grasp of sheep culture in idiom.2. Cultural reflection in sheep related idioms2.1 Image of sheepSheep always give us the image of gentle, pure, delicate and innocent. People often use “like a lamb” to describe someone who is innocent or bright. The fable “a wolf in sheep’s clothing”refers to the person who appears good but actually is vicious and cruel; sometimes it also means that it is more dangerous to disguise. In the saying “lamb fall into a tiger’s mouth”, lamb stands for the weak, which is caught by tiger. Also there are a number of proverbs related to sheep, such as:He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf: the person who is weakwould be mistreated by others.The sheep who talks peace with a wolf will soon be mutton: be sure not to begfor peace to your enemy.Cast sheep’s eyes at s omebody: send over a charming glanceto somebody.As well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb: whether steal for big or tiny things, it always be a thief. It means “In for a peeny,in for a pound”.However, to some degree, sheep has its derogatory sense. Black sheep is a kind of sheep which have a fiery temperament, so people use “black sheep” as a metaphor for crasher, aprodigal person or someone who stir for trouble. In chinese, people use hai qun zhi ma (blach horse) to express the same meaning with “black sheep”, which can be seen in zhuangzi.In the times when shepherding a flock of sheep was an important means ofliving, some people believed that the black sheep was a devil incarnationwho would cause misfortune to the flock; others thought that black sheepfailed to meet their masters’ expectations in the exchange of goods simplybecause of their colour. Thus a black sheep came to be employed to refer to aperson regarded as not so respectable or successful as the rest of his familyor group. (He Runfang 44)Other idioms related to sheep have passive meaning too. For example, “shy sheep”means coward; “get one’s goat”means get someone angry;“follow like sheep”is the same as follow blindly; “old goat” refers to pervert or jerk old geezer; and “ride the goat”refers to acceding to the clandestine organization.2.2 EconomicWe all know that industry of raising livestock is developed in England. When shearing wool, they have to gather wool in order not to be wasting because a lot of wool would acatter in fense, but gathering wool is trivial and boring. So people always use “wool-gathering”as a metaphor for boring work. In addition, Wool is important for sheepherder, so it would make them anger if wool was lost. Now “loose one’s wool”always means anger or lost one’s temper. What’s more, “much wool on the back”describe lots of money.2.3 ReligionChiristianity is the most widespread religion in the west. English, as the international language, is greatly influenced by this religion since it was brought to Britain by the Romans (Li Yuping 115). Sheep plays an important role in Christianity solots of stories, characters, sentences and phrases in Bible, which is the principle of Christianity, have become commom idioms in western countries. Christianity regard sheep as humanity, which gets lost easily and should depend on the strength of faith in Christianity to return to the right way, so Jesus names himself as “sheepherder”. The saying “lost lamb” stands for the person who lured by crime easily and being degenerate. According to Matthew in New Testament: “All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate them one from another, as a shepherd divides his sheep fromthe goat.” From this, “sheep” is used as a metaphor for “good person” and “goat” is used as a metaphor for “bad person”, “to separate /tell the sheep fromthe goat” means distinguish good from bad.“Scapegoat”, means to be blamed for something that someone else did, which originates from ancient Judaism. According to the rule made by Mose, two goats should be sacrificed in the Day Of Atonement (july, 7th), the one is called the Lord's goat, which would be the sacrificial offerings, the other one is called escape goat or scapegoat, which would assume all crimes made by all the people. With both hands pressing in the sheepshead of the escape goat, the pontifex professes that all crimes made by Jewry in last year have trasferred to that goat, then it would be banished to wilderness with Jewry’s crimes carrying away. It should be pointed that in ancient Hebrew Bible, the escape goat is named Azazel, which translated to be “goat that departs” in English, and later commonly called escapegoat. Several examples are as follows:They were made the scapegoats for the misfire of the program.He felt that his boss would throw him to the lions if anything went wrong.The old curmudgeon found a new scapegoat and that let me out.2.4 HistoryIn Chinese history, we regarded “hong yang”(red sheep) as great calamity. The ancient people thouhgt that bingwu, and dingwei are years when China would have calamities, further more, bing, and ding act as fire, whose color is red, and wei subordinate to sheep, so they regarded hong yang jie (“red sheep calamity”) as calamity. It can be seen in many ancient books, for example, Chai Wang’s Bing Ding Gui Jian (《丙丁龟鉴》) in Song Dynasty, it recorded that 21 social upheaval happened in years of bingwu and dingwei from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties.Sheep has left deep prints in Chinese culture. In ancient China, yang(sheep) and xiang(lucky) are interchangeable words, we always use san yang kai tai to express auspicious wishes, which commonly seen in the beginning of the year. Because “羊”(yang) and “阳” (yang) have the same pronunciation in Chinese, “三羊开泰”has the same meaning with“三阳开泰”. Some other Chinese idioms about sheep are listed as follows:Wang yang de niu: lose a sheep and get an ox, the gain is greater than the loss, it actually means a blessing in disguise.Wang yang bu lao: mending the fold after a sheep is lost, it means that it's never too late to mend when in trouble in daily life.Qi lu wang yang: lose one’s bearings when the situation is too complicated or changeableRu lang mu yang: like a wolf shepherding the sheep, as a metephor for oppression of the people by bad officials.Shi yang jiu mu: nine shepherds look after ten sheep, it means more officials than the layman.Duo qi wang yang: it is hard for a person to obtain progress and success without persistence in learning and working.Shun shou qian yang: coming from Heroes of the Marshes, later, it is used as a metaphor for people snithing something from the host at his convenience.3. ConclusionLanguage is a mirror of society; all kinds of social phenomena can be revealed in language. That is to say, society has a profound influence on language. On the contrary, language can also affect a society by influencing or even controlling the world view of its speakers (Trudgill 13). As an important part in language, Sheep related idioms, as well as animal idioms, are commonly existing in both English and Chinese. they are not only concise and comprehensive, but also vivid and witty, and closely show a nation’s history, culture, custom, and so on. Analyzing and comparing some English-Chinese animal idioms cultural connotation, we can see clearly that sheep related idioms in any kind of language are not only represent animal symbol, but also have rich cultural connotation.ReferencesTrudgill, P. Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society. London: Penguin Group, 2000.艾素萍，“英美文化在英语习语中的映射”，《科教文汇》2007年第9期，第183页。