高中数学常用术语中英对照 mathematics
数学中英名词对照表
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数学中英名词对照表以下是一些常见的数学中英名词对照表:1.数学(Mathematics):2.代数(Algebra):•代数方程(Algebraic equation)•多项式(Polynomial)•因子(Factor)•等式(Equation)•变量(Variable)•系数(Coefficient)3.几何(Geometry):•图形(Figure)•角度(Angle)•直线(Line)•圆(Circle)•面积(Area)•体积(Volume)•对称(Symmetry)4.统计学(Statistics):•数据(Data)•平均数(Mean)•中位数(Median)•众数(Mode)•标准差(Standard deviation)•概率(Probability)•抽样(Sampling)5.微积分(Calculus):•导数(Derivative)•积分(Integration)•极限(Limit)•微分方程(Differential equation)•曲线(Curve)•点斜式(Point-slope form)6.线性代数(Linear Algebra):•矩阵(Matrix)•行列式(Determinant)•向量(Vector)•特征值(Eigenvalue)•线性方程组(System of linear equations)•范数(Norm)7.数论(Number Theory):•质数(Prime number)•最大公约数(Greatest common divisor, GCD)•最小公倍数(Least common multiple, LCM)•同余(Congruence)•素因数分解(Prime factorization)8.逻辑学(Logic):•命题(Proposition)•范式(Normal form)•谓词(Predicate)•推理(Inference)•命题逻辑(Propositional logic)•谓词逻辑(Predicate logic)这只是数学中的一小部分术语对照表,数学领域非常广泛,涵盖了许多分支和专业术语。
高等数学术语英语翻译一览
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高等数学术语英语翻译一览微积分英文词汇,高数名词中英文对照,高等数学术语英语翻译一览V、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Rational number :有理数Real number :实数Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parallel lines :并行线Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function :分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Point-slope form :点斜式Power function:幂函数Product :积Quadrant :象限Quotient Law of limit :极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function :自然指数函数Natural logarithm function :自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule :洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Limit :极限Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Line in the plane :平面上之直线Line in space :空间之直线Lobachevski geometry :罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum :局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing/Decreasing Test :递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Increasing Function :增函数Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function :反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分H:Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘First Derivative Test :一阶导数试验法First octant :第一卦限Focus :焦点Fractions :分式Function :函数Fundamental Theorem of Calculus :微积分基本定理Geometric series :几何级数Gradient :梯度Graph :图形Green Formula :格林公式Half-angle formulas:半角公式Harmonic series :调和级数Helix :螺旋线Higher Derivative :高阶导数Horizontal asymptote :水平渐近线Horizontal line :水平线Hyperbola :双曲线Hyper boloid :双曲面D:Decreasing function :递减函数Decreasing sequence :递减数列Definite integral :定积分Degree of a polynomial :多项式之次数Density :密度Derivative :导数of a composite function :复合函数之导数of a constant function :常数函数之导数directional :方向导数domain of :导数之定义域of exponential function :指数函数之导数higher :高阶导数partial :偏导数of a power function :幂函数之导数of a power series :羃级数之导数of a product :积之导数of a quotient :商之导数as a rate of change :导数当作变率right-hand :右导数second :二阶导数as the slope of a tangent :导数看成切线之斜率Determinant :行列式Differentiable function :可导函数Differential :微分Differential equation :微分方程partial :偏微分方程Differentiation :求导法implicit :隐求导法partial :偏微分法term by term :逐项求导法Directional derivatives :方向导数Discontinuity :不连续性Disk method :圆盘法Distance :距离Divergence :发散Domain :定义域Dot product :点积Double integral :二重积分change of variable in :二重积分之变数变换in polar coordinates :极坐标二重积分C:Calculus :微积分differential :微分学integral :积分学Cartesian coordinates :笛卡儿坐标,一般指直角坐标Cartesian coordinates system :笛卡儿坐标系Cau ch’s Mean Value Theorem :柯西均值定理Chain Rule :连锁律Change of variables :变数变换Circle :圆Circular cylinder :圆柱Closed interval :封闭区间Coefficient :系数Composition of function :函数之合成Compound interest :复利Concavity :凹性Conchoid :蚌线Cone :圆锥Constant function :常数函数Constant of integration :积分常数Continuity :连续性at a point :在一点处之连续性of a function :函数之连续性on an interval :在区间之连续性from the left :左连续from the right :右连续Continuous function :连续函数Convergence :收敛interval of :收敛区间radius of :收敛半径Convergent sequence :收敛数列series :收敛级数Coordinate:s:坐标Cartesian :笛卡儿坐标cylindrical :柱面坐标polar :极坐标rectangular :直角坐标spherical :球面坐标Coordinate axes :坐标轴Coordinate planes :坐标平面Cosine function :余弦函数Critical point :临界点Cubic function :三次函数Curve :曲线Cylinder:圆柱Cylindrical Coordinates :圆柱坐标A、B:Absolute convergence :绝对收敛Absolute extreme values :绝对极值Absolute maximum and minimum :绝对极大与极小Absolute value :绝对值Absolute value function :绝对值函数Acceleration :加速度Antiderivative :反导数Approximate integration :近似积分Approximation :逼近法by differentials :用微分逼近linear :线性逼近法by Simpson’s Rule :Simpson法则逼近法by the Trapezoidal Rule :梯形法则逼近法Arbitrary constant :任意常数Arc length :弧长Area :面积under a curve :曲线下方之面积between curves :曲线间之面积in polar coordinates :极坐标表示之面积of a sector of a circle :扇形之面积of a surface of a revolution :旋转曲面之面积Asymptote :渐近线horizontal :水平渐近线slant :斜渐近线vertical :垂直渐近线Average speed :平均速率Average velocity :平均速度Axes, coordinate :坐标轴Axes of ellipse :椭圆之轴Binomial series :二项级数。
高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表
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高等数学常用术语中英文对照一览表以下是高等数学中常用术语的中英文对照一览表:中文术语英文术语极限 Limit连续 Continuity导数 Derivative可导性 Derivability不可导点 Non-derivable point原函数 Antiderivative function不定积分 Indefinite integral定积分 Definite integral微分 Differential偏导数 Partial derivative全微分 Total differential高阶导数 High-order derivative洛必达法则 L'Hospital's rule泰勒级数 Taylor series无穷小量 Infinitesimal quantity无穷大量 Infinity收敛性 Convergence发散性 Divergence积分中值定理 Integral mean value theorem 零点定理 Zero point theorem介值定理 Intermediate value theorem函数的单调性 Monotonicity of function函数的凹凸性 Concavity/convexity of function 函数的极值 Extreme value of function函数的拐点 Inflection point of function函数的渐近线 Asymptote of function矩阵 Matrix行列式 Determinant线性方程组 Linear system of equations线性代数 Linear algebra二次型 Quadratic form特征值与特征向量 Eigenvalue and eigenvector 正交矩阵 Orthogonal matrix向量空间 Vector space线性变换 Linear transformation向量的模长 Length of vector向量的点积 Dot product of vectors 向量的叉积 Cross product of vectors。
数学术语英文对照表
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数学术语英文对照表在学习数学时,不可避免地需要掌握一些数学术语。
下面是一些常见的数学术语的中英文对照表:1. 数学 Mathematics2. 数学符号 Mathematical symbol3. 数字 Digit4. 字符 Character5. 算术 Arithmetic6. 代数 Algebra7. 几何 Geometry8. 统计学 Statistics9. 概率 Probability10. 三角学 Trigonometry11. 微积分 Calculus12. 矩阵 Matrix13. 向量 Vector14. 线性代数 Linear algebra15. 数学模型 Mathematical model16. 方程 Equation17. 垂直 Perpendicular18. 平行 Parallel19. 正比例 Direct proportion20. 反比例 Inverse proportion21. 旋转 Rotation22. 缩放 Scaling23. 变形 Deformation24. 函数 Function25. 极限 Limit26. 微分 Differential27. 积分 Integral28. 中心 Central29. 对称 Symmetry30. 相似 Similarity31. 等式 Equality32. 不等式 Inequality33. 方形 Rectangle34. 正方形 Square35. 圆 Circle36. 椭圆 Ellipse37. 球球体 Sphere38. 三角形 Triangle39. 直角三角形 Right triangle40. 等腰三角形 Isosceles triangle41. 等边三角形 Equilateral triangle42. 直线 Line43. 射线 Ray44. 线段 Line segment45. 弧 Arc46. 正弦 Sine47. 余弦 Cosine48. 正切 Tangent49. 余切 Cotangent50. 弦 Chord总之,数学术语是数学学习的基础,掌握数学术语对于提高数学能力以及学好数学至关重要。
常用数学术语英文对照表
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常用数学术语英文对照表代数部分1.有关数学运算add,plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数,红利divisor因子,除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号 roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程,等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number 带分数vulgar fraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数,幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数,立方体square root平方根cuberoot 立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant 常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number 负数odd integer,odd number 奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意:所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数,但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens 十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio 公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation 估计,近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit 单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle 外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle 直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique 斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon 七边形octagon八边形nonagon 九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形,平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid 梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体,立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord 弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数)opposite 直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline 数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8.其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent 全等的multilateral多边的其它1.单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit 华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码 meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2.有关文字叙述题,主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)common year平年(365天)depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin 利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表示list price标价markup涨价per capita每人ratio比率retail price零售价tie打。
高中数学常用术语中英对照mathematics
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高中数学常用术语中英对照m a t h e m a t i c s -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom定理 theorem计算 calculation运算 operation证明 prove假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition算术 arithmetic加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数 augend, summand加数 addend和 sum减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数 minuend减数 subtrahend差 remainder乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数 multiplicand, faciend乘数 multiplicator积 product除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend除数 divisor商 quotient等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于 is greater than小于 is lesser than大于等于 is equal or greater than小于等于 is equal or lesser than运算符 operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric meann个数之积的n次方根倒数(reciprocal)x的倒数为1/x 有理数 rational number无理数 irrational number实数 real number虚数 imaginary number数字 digit数 number自然数 natural number整数 integer小数 decimal小数点 decimal point分数 fraction分子 numerator分母 denominator比 ratio正 positive负 negative零 null, zero, nought, nil十进制 decimal system二进制 binary system十六进制 hexadecimal system权 weight, significance进位 carry截尾 truncation四舍五入 round下舍入 round down上舍入 round up有效数字 significant digit无效数字 insignificant digit代数 algebra公式 formula, formulae(pl.)单项式 monomial多项式 polynomial, multinomial系数 coefficient未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式 equation一次方程 simple equation二次方程 quadratic equation三次方程 cubic equation四次方程 quartic equation不等式 inequation阶乘 factorial对数 logarithm指数,幂 exponent乘方 power二次方,平方 square三次方,立方 cube四次方 the power of four, the fourth power n次方 the power of n, the nth power开方 evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根 square root三次方根,立方根 cube root四次方根 the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根 the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414 sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5)=2.236常量 constant变量 variable坐标系 coordinates坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标 x-coordinate纵坐标 y-coordinate原点 origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede(方程的)解solution几何geometry点 point线 line面 plane体 solid线段 segment射线 radial平行 parallel相交 intersect角 angle角度 degree弧度 radian锐角 acute angle直角 right angle钝角 obtuse angle平角 straight angle周角 perigon底 base边 side高 height三角形 triangle锐角三角形 acute triangle直角三角形 right triangle直角边 leg斜边 hypotenuse勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle不等边三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle 等边三角形 equilateral triangle 四边形 quadrilateral平行四边形 parallelogram矩形 rectangle长 length宽 width周长 perimeter面积 area相似 similar全等 congruent三角 trigonometry正弦 sine余弦 cosine正切 tangent余切 cotangent正割 secant余割 cosecant反正弦 arc sine反余弦 arc cosine反正切 arc tangent反余切 arc cotangent反正割 arc secant反余割 arc cosecant补充:集合aggregate元素 element空集 void子集 subset交集 intersection并集 union补集 complement映射 mapping函数 function定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range单调性 monotonicity奇偶性 parity周期性 periodicity图象 image数列,级数 series微积分 calculus微分 differential导数 derivative极限 limit无穷大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小 infinitesimal积分 integral定积分 definite integral不定积分 indefinite integral 复数 complex number矩阵 matrix行列式 determinant圆 circle圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径 radius直径 diameter圆周率 pi弧 arc半圆 semicircle扇形 sector环 ring椭圆 ellipse圆周 circumference轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体 parallelepiped立方体 cube七面体 heptahedron八面体 octahedron九面体 enneahedron十面体 decahedron十一面体 hendecahedron十二面体 dodecahedron二十面体 icosahedron多面体 polyhedron旋转 rotation轴 axis球 sphere半球 hemisphere底面 undersurface表面积 surface area体积 volume空间 space双曲线 hyperbola抛物线 parabola四面体 tetrahedron五面体 pentahedron六面体 hexahedron菱形 rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形 square梯形 trapezoid直角梯形 right trapezoid等腰梯形 isosceles trapezoid五边形 pentagon六边形 hexagon七边形 heptagon八边形 octagon九边形 enneagon十边形 decagon十一边形 hendecagon十二边形 dodecagon多边形 polygon正多边形 equilateral polygon相位 phase周期 period振幅 amplitude内心 incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心 excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心 escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心 orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心 barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆 inscribed circle外切圆 circumcircle统计 statistics平均数 average加权平均数 weighted average方差 variance标准差 root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例 propotion百分比 percent百分点 percentage百分位数 percentile排列 permutation组合 combination概率,或然率 probability分布 distribution正态分布 normal distribution非正态分布 abnormal distribution图表 graph条形统计图 bar graph柱形统计图 histogram折线统计图 broken line graph曲线统计图 curve diagram扇形统计图 pie diagram。
高中数学术语(中英文)
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几何-坐标
arm /leg直角三角形的直角边 hypotenuse 斜边 included side 夹边 Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理 median(三角形的)中线 base底边,底数 opposite 直角三角形中的对边 vertex (复数形式vertices)顶点 midpoint 中点 endpoint 端点 coordinate system 坐标系 Rectangular/Cartesian coordinate 直 角坐标系 origin 原点 abscissa 横坐标 ordinate 纵坐标 number line 数轴 quadrant 象限 slope 斜率 transversal 截线 intercept 截距
代数-方程,集合,数列等
algebraic term 代数项 like terms, similar terms 同类项 numerical coefficient 数字系数 literal coefficient 字母系数 inequality 不等式 triangle inequality 三角不等式 domain 定义域 range 值域 original equation 原方程 approximate 近似 (counter) clockwise (逆) 顺时针方 向 direct proportion 正比 reverse proportion 反比 parentheses 园括号 Bracket 中括号 Curly brace/curved bracket 花括号 proportion 等比例
代数-基本数Βιβλιοθήκη 概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值 weighted average 加权平均值 geometric mean 几何平均数 exponent 指数 base 底数,底边 cube 立方数,立方体 square root 平方根 cubic root 立方根 common logarithm 常用对数 cardinal 基数 ordinal 序数 constant 常数 variable 变量 inverse function 反函数 linear 一次的,线性的 factorization 因式分解 absolute value 绝对值 round to/off ,to the nearest 四舍五入 difference 差 product 积 quotient 商 divisor 除数 Dividend 被除数 remainder 余数
高中数学词汇中英文对照
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高中数学词汇中英文对照一、代数部分 (Algebra)1. 数学运算equal, is equal to 等于equivalent to 等价于is greater than 大于is lesser than 小于is equal or greater than 大于等于is equal or lesser than 小于等于operator 运算符add, plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply, times 乘product 积divide 除augend, summand 被加数addend 加数minuend 被减数subtrahend 减数remainder 差multiplicand, faciend 被乘数multiplicator 乘数product 积dividend 被除数divisor 除数quotient 商remainder 余数divisible 可被整除的divided evenly 被整除divisor 因子,除数dividend 被除数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radical sign, root sign 根号factorial 阶乘logarithm 对数exponent 指数,幂power 乘方square 二次方,平方cube 三次方,立方the power of n, the nth power n 次方evolution, extraction 开方square root 二次方根,平方根cube root 三次方根,立方根the root of n, the nth root n次方根2. 数字digit数字number数natural number 自然数integer/whole number 整数positive number 正数negative number 负数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数odd integer, odd number 奇数even integer, even number 偶数real number 实数rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数consecutive 连续数inverse / reciprocal 倒数composite number 合数prime number 质数common divisor 公约数multiple 倍数(least) common multiple (最小)公倍数(prime) factor (质)因子common factor 公因子nonnegative 非负的units 个位tens 十位ordinary / decimal scale 十进制binary system 二进制hexadecimal system 十六进制weight, significance 权carry 进位truncation 截尾round to / to the nearest 四舍五入round down 下舍入round up 上舍入significant digit 有效数字insignificant digit 无效数字3. 分数和小数decimal 小数decimal point 小数点fraction 分数numerator 分子denominator 分母proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数common fraction 普通分数mixed number 带分数simple fraction 简分数complex fraction 繁分数(least) common denominator (最小)公分母quarter 四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数places位(thousands’ place,hundreds’place,tens’place,units’ place (ones’ digit),tenths’ place,hundredths’place,thousandths’ place.)4. 集合与函数aggregate 集合element 元素void 空集subset 子集union 并集intersection 交集complement 补集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集mapping 映射function 函数domain, field of definition 定义域range 值域constant 常量variable 变量monotonicity 单调性parity 奇偶性periodicity 周期性image 图象5. 代数式、方程和不等式formula, formulae (pl.) 公式monomial 单项式polynomial, multinomial 多项式coefficient 系数equation 等式,方程式unknown, x-factor y-factor, z-factor 未知数simple equation 一次方程quadratic equation 二次方程cubic equation 三次方程quartic equation 四次方程inequation, inequality 不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项literal coefficient 字母系数numerical coefficient 数字系数range 值域factorization 因式分解original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程,等价方程linear equation 线性方程triangle inequality 三角不等式6. 逻辑axiom 公理theorem 定理calculation 计算operation 运算prove 证明hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)假设proposition 命题arithmetic 算术7. 概率与统计approximate 近似estimation 估计,近似mean 均值mode 众数median 中数variance 方差standard error 标准偏差standard variation 标准方差standard deviation 标准差statistics 统计average 平均数weighted average 加权平均数proportion 比例percent 百分比percentage 百分点percentile 百分位数permutation 排列combination 组合probability 概率distribution 分布normal distribution 正态分布abnormal distribution 非正态分布graph 图表bar graph 条形统计histogram 柱形统计图broken line graph 折线统计图curve diagram 曲线统计图pie diagram 扇形统计图8. 三角函数trigonometry 三角sine 正弦cosine 余弦tangent 正切cotangent 余切secant 正割cosecant 余割arc sine 反正弦arc cosine 反余弦arc tangent 反正切arc cotangent 反余切arc secant 反正割arc cosecant 反余割phase 相位period 周期amplitude 振幅9. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence) 等差数列geometric progression(sequence) 等比数列10. 微积分与线性代数series 数列,级数calculus 微积分differential 微分derivative 导数limit 极限infinite 无穷大infinitesimal 无穷小integral 积分definite integral 定积分indefinite integral 不定积分rational number 有理数irrational number 无理数real number 实数imaginary number 虚数complex number 复数matrix 矩阵determinant 行列式11. 其他direct proportion 正比indirect proportion 反比proportion 比例ratio 比值arithmetic mean 算术平均值geometric mean 几何平均数weighted average 加权平均值exponent 指数,幂base 乘幂的底数,底边powers 幂cube 立方数,立方体square root 平方根cube root 立方根common logarithm 常用对数constant 常数variable 变量inverse function 反函数complementary function 余函数linear 一次的,线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value 绝对值approximate 近似(anti)clockwise (逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数direct proportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计,近似parentheses 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列combination 组合table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位二、几何部分 (Geometry)1. 基本术语point 点line 线plane 面solid 体space 空间segment 线段radial 射线circumference, perimeter 周长surface area 表面积volume 体积line, straight line 直线line segment 线段midpoint 中点endpoint 端点parallel 平行intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直edge 边,棱vertex(复数形式vertices) 顶点length 长width 宽altitude 高depth 深度side 边长tangent 切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距congruent 全等的similar 相似2. 平面图形quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagon 九边形decagon 十边形hendecagon 十一边形dodecagon 十二边形polygon 多边形multilateral 多边的equilateral/regular polygon 正多边形parallelogram 平行四边形square 正方形rectangle 矩形rhombus, diamond 菱形trapezoid 梯形right trapezoid 直角梯形isosceles trapezoid 等腰梯形3. 角angle 角degree 角度radian 弧度acute angle 锐角right angle 直角obtuse angle 钝角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角adjacent angle 邻角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角supplement aryangle 补角complement aryangle 余角alternate angle 内错角corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角central angle 圆心角angle bisector 角平分线bisect 平分diagonal 对角线4. 三角形triangle 三角形right triangle 直角三角形acute triangle 锐角三角形obtuse triangle 钝角三角形oblique 斜三角形isosceles triangle 等腰三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形incenter 内心excenter 外心escenter 旁心orthocenter 垂心barycenter 重心inscribed triangle 内接三角形hypotenuse 斜边leg 直角边opposite 直角三角形中的对边arm 直角三角形的股median of a triangle 中线included side 夹边altitude (三角形的)高base 底边,底数Pythagorean theorem 勾股定理5. 圆circle 圆形semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆center of a circle 圆心chord 弦diameter 直径radius 半径circumference 圆周长sector 扇形ring 环arc 弧radian 弧度(弧长/半径)segment of a circle 弧形point of tangency 切点inscribe 内切,内接circumscribe 外切,外接6. 立体图形solid 立体的face of a solid 立体的面cube 立方体,立方数tetrahedron 四面体pentahedron 五面体hexahedron 六面体parallelepiped 平行六面体rectangular solid 长方体cube 正方体heptahedron 七面体octahedron 八面体enneahedron 九面体decahedron 十面体hendecahedron 十一面体dodecahedron 十二面体icosahedron 二十面体polyhedron 多面体regular solid/polyhedron 正多面体pyramid 棱锥prism 棱柱frustum of a prism 棱台rotation 旋转axis 轴cone 圆锥cylinder 圆柱frustum of a cone 圆台sphere 球hemisphere 半球cross section 横截面undersurface 底面surface area 表面积7. 解析几何coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 坐标轴abscissa, x-coordinate 横坐标ordinate, y-coordinate 纵坐标number line 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率complex plane 复平面hyperbola 双曲线parabola 抛物线ellipse 椭圆locus, loca (pl.) 轨迹。
部分常用数学术语词汇
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Mathematics Vocabulary1.math, mathematics,maths(英) 数学2.add,addition,plus 加,加法3.subtract,subtraction,minus 减,减法4.multiply,times,of 乘5.divide,divide by 除6.sum 和7.difference 差8.product 积9.quotient 商10.perfect square 完全平方11.square root 平方根12.cube root 立方根13.power 幂14.fraction 分数15.proper fraction 真分数16.improper fraction 假分数17.numerator 分子18.denominator 分母19.decimal 小数20.parallel 平行21.multiple 倍数22.sequence 数列23.term 项24.like terms, similar terms 同类项25.operation 运算26.calculation 计算27.proportion 比例28.percentage 百分数29.factor 因子30.prime number 质数,素数31.prime factor 质因数32.lowest common multiple(LCM) 最小公倍数33.hightest common factor(HCF) 最大公约数34.natural number 自然数35.integer (whole number) 整数36.directed number 方向数37.number line 数轴38.horizental 水平的39.vertical 竖直的40.perpendicular 垂直的41.positive integer 正整数42.negative integer 负整数43.even number (even integer) 偶数44.odd number (odd integer) 奇数45.real number 实数46.rational number 有理数47.irational number无理数48.square number 平方数49.reciprocal 倒数50.set 集合51.bracket 括号52.element 元素53.finite set 有限集54.infinite set 无限集55.empty set 空集56.subset 子集57.proper subset 真子集58.universal set 全集59.intersection 交集60.union 并集61.disjoint 不相邻的plement 补集63.inverse 逆,反64.decimal 小数65.recurring decimal 循环小数66.round to 四舍五入67.to the nearest 四舍五入68.significant figure (s.f.) 有效数字69.ratio 比70.proportion 比71.direct proportion 正比例72.inverse proportion 反比例73.increase 增长的74.decrease递增的75.quantity量76.estimation 估算77.approximation 近似78.accurate 精确79.lower bound 下界80.upper bound上届81.algebra 代数82.algebraic expression 代数式83.variable 变量84.equation 方程85.linear eqution 线性方程,一次方程86.geometry 几何87.vertex 顶点88.line 直线89.plane 面90.angle角91.acute angle 锐角92.obtuse angle钝角93.right angle 直角94.triangle 三角形95.equilateral triangle 等边三角形96.isosceles triangle等腰三角形97.right triangle 直角三角形98.parallelogram 平行四边形99.sphere 球体100.pyramid椎体101.area 面积102.surface area表面积103.volume 体积104.angle bisector 角平分线105.coordinate 坐标106.length 长107.breadth (width) 宽108.perimeter 周长109.formula (复formulae) 公式110.substitution 代替111.velocity (speed, rate) 速度,速率112.sequence 数列113.mode众数114.median 中位数,中值115.average 平均数116.circle 圆117.radius (复radii) 半径118.diameter 直径119.arc 弧120.chord 弦121.tangent 切线122.normal 法线123.centre 圆心124.circumference (perimeter) 周长125.differentiation 微分126.derivative 导数127.slope (gradient) 斜率128.curve 曲线129.quadratic 二次的130.parabola (quadratic curve) 抛物线,二次曲线131.intersect 相交的132.maximum (point) 最大的133.minimum (point) 最小的134.function 函数135.linear function 一次函数,线性函数136.quadratic function 二次函数137.inverse function 反函数138.derived function 导函数139.domain 定义域140.range 值域141.interval 区间142.consequence 推论143.equality 等式144.inequality 不等式145.absolute value 绝对值146.isolated point 孤立点147.immediate neighbourhood 邻域148.turning point 转折点149.stationary point 不动点150.evidence (proof) 证明151.expression 表达式152.expansion展开式153.independent variable自变量154.dependent variable 因变量155.hypotenuse 斜边(直角三角形)156.rectangle 矩形157.inductive definition 归纳定义158.Pascal sequence 帕斯卡数列159.arithmetic sequence 等差数列mon difference 公差161.geometric sequence 等比数列mon ratio 公比163.factorial sequence 阶乘数列164.binomial theorem 二项式定理165.cofficient 系数166.constant 常数167.period 周期168.symmetry 对称169.in terms of 用….表示。
高等数学英汉对照术语表(打印版)
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高等数学英汉对照术语表A、B:Absolute convergence :绝对收敛Absolute extreme values :绝对极值Absolute maximum and minimum :绝对极大与极小Absolute value :绝对值Absolute value function :绝对值函数Acceleration :加速度Antiderivative :反导数Approximate integration :近似积分Approximation :逼近法Approximation by differentials :用微分逼近Approximation by Simpson’s Rule :Simpson法则逼近法Approximation by the Trapezoidal Rule :梯形法则逼近法Approximation linear :线性逼近法Arbitrary constant :任意常数Arc length :弧长Area :面积Area between curves :曲线间之面积Area in polar coordinates :极坐标表示之面积Area of a sector of a circle :扇形之面积Area of a surface of a revolution :旋转曲面之面积Area under a curve :曲线下方之面积Asymptote :渐近线Asymptote horizontal :水平渐近线Asymptote slant :斜渐近线Asymptote vertical :垂直渐近线Average speed :平均速率Average velocity :平均速度Axes of ellipse :椭圆之轴Axes, coordinate :坐标轴Binomial series :二项级数C:Calculus :微积分Calculus differential :微分学Calculus integral :积分学Cartesian :笛卡儿坐标Cartesian coordinates :笛卡儿坐标,一般指直角坐标Cartesian coordinates system :笛卡儿坐标系Cartesian cylindrical :柱面坐标Cartesian polar :极坐标Cartesian rectangular :直角坐标Cartesian spherical :球面坐标Cauch’s Mean Value Theorem :柯西均值定理Chain Rule :连锁律Change of variables :变数变换Circle :圆Circular cylinder :圆柱Closed interval :封闭区间Coefficient :系数Composition of function :函数之合成Compound interest :复利Concavity :凹性Conchoid :蚌线Cone :圆锥Constant function :常数函数Constant of integration :积分常数Continuity :连续性Continuity at a point :在一点处之连续性Continuity from the left :左连续Continuity from the right :右连续Continuity of a function :函数之连续性Continuity on an interval :在区间之连续性Continuous function :连续函数Convergence :收敛Convergence interval of :收敛区间Convergence radius of :收敛半径Convergent sequence :收敛数列Convergent sequence series :收敛级数Coordinate axes :坐标轴Coordinate planes :坐标平面Coordinate:s:坐标Cosine function :余弦函数Critical point :临界点Cubic function :三次函数Curve :曲线Cylinder:圆柱Cylindrical Coordinates :圆柱坐标D:Decreasing function :递减函数Decreasing sequence :递减数列Definite integral :定积分Degree of a polynomial :多项式之次数Density :密度Derivative :导数Derivative as a rate of change :导数当作变率Derivative as the slope of a tangent :导数看成切线之斜率Derivative directional :方向导数Derivative domain of :导数之定义域Derivative higher :高阶导数Derivative of a composite function :复合函数之导数Derivative of a constant function :常数函数之导数Derivative of a power function :幂函数之导数Derivative of a power series :羃级数之导数Derivative of a product :积之导数Derivative of a quotient :商之导数Derivative of exponential function :指数函数之导数Derivative partial :偏导数Derivative right-hand :右导数Derivative second :二阶导数Determinant :行列式Differentiable function :可导函数Differential :微分Differential equation :微分方程Differential equation partial :偏微分方程Differentiation :求导法Differentiation implicit :隐求导法Differentiation implicit partial :偏微分法Differentiation implicit term by term :逐项求导法Directional derivatives :方向导数Discontinuity :不连续性Disk method :圆盘法Distance :距离Divergence :发散Domain :定义域Dot product :点积Double integral :二重积分Double integral change of variable in :二重积分之变数变换Double integral in polar coordinates :极坐标二重积分E、F、G、H:Ellipse :椭圆Ellipsoid :椭圆体Epicycloid :外摆线Equation :方程式Even function :偶函数Expected Valued :期望值Exponential Function :指数函数Exponents , laws of :指数率Extreme value :极值Extreme Value Theorem :极值定理Factorial :阶乘First Derivative Test :一阶导数试验法First octant :第一卦限Focus :焦点Fractions :分式Function :函数Fundamental Theorem of Calculus :微积分基本定理Geometric series :几何级数Gradient :梯度Graph :图形Green Formula :格林公式H:Half-angle formulas :半角公式Harmonic series :调和级数Helix :螺旋线Higher Derivative :高阶导数Higher mathematics 高等数学/高数Horizontal asymptote :水平渐近线Horizontal line :水平线Hyper boloid :双曲面Hyperbola :双曲线I:Implicit differentiation :隐求导法Implicit function :隐函数Improper integral :瑕积分Increasing Function :增函数Increasing/Decreasing Test :递增或递减试验法Increment :增量Indefinite integral :不定积分Independent variable :自变数Indeterminate from :不定型Inequality :不等式Infinite point :无穷极限Infinite series :无穷级数Inflection point :反曲点Instantaneous velocity :瞬时速度Integer :整数Integral :积分Integrand :被积分式Integration :积分Integration by part :分部积分法Intercepts :截距Intermediate value of Theorem :中间值定理Interval :区间Inverse function :反函数Inverse trigonometric function :反三角函数Iterated integral :逐次积分L:Laplace transform :Leplace 变换Law of Cosines :余弦定理Least upper bound :最小上界Left-hand derivative :左导数Left-hand limit :左极限Lemniscate :双钮线Length :长度Level curve :等高线L'Hospital's rule :洛必达法则Limacon :蚶线Limit :极限Line in space :空间之直线Line in the plane :平面上之直线Linear approximation:线性近似Linear equation :线性方程式Linear function :线性函数Linearity :线性Linearization :线性化Lobachevski geometry :罗巴切夫斯基几何Local extremum :局部极值Local maximum and minimum :局部极大值与极小值Logarithm :对数Logarithmic function :对数函数M、N、O:Maximum and minimum values :极大与极小值Mean Value Theorem :均值定理Multiple integrals :重积分Multiplier :乘子Natural exponential function :自然指数函数Natural logarithm function :自然对数函数Natural number :自然数Normal line :法线Normal vector :法向量Number :数Octant :卦限Odd function :奇函数One-sided limit :单边极限Open interval :开区间Optimization problems :最佳化问题Order :阶Ordinary differential equation :常微分方程Origin :原点Orthogonal :正交的P、Q:Parabola :拋物线Parabolic cylinder :抛物柱面Paraboloid :抛物面Parallel lines :并行线Parallelepiped :平行六面体Parameter :参数Partial derivative :偏导数Partial differential equation :偏微分方程Partial fractions :部分分式Partial integration :部分积分Partiton :分割Period :周期Periodic function :周期函数Perpendicular lines :垂直线Piecewise defined function :分段定义函数Plane :平面Point of inflection :反曲点Point-slope form :点斜式Polar axis :极轴Polar coordinate :极坐标Polar equation :极方程式Pole :极点Polynomial :多项式Positive angle :正角Power function :幂函数Product :积Quadrant :象限Quotient Law of limit :极限的商定律Quotient Rule :商定律R:Radius of convergence :收敛半径Range of a function :函数的值域Rate of change :变化率Rational function :有理函数Rational number :有理数Rationalizing substitution :有理代换法Real number :实数Rectangular coordinate system :直角坐标系Rectangular coordinates :直角坐标Relative maximum and minimum :相对极大值与极小值Revenue function :收入函数Revolution , solid of :旋转体Revolution , surface of :旋转曲面Riemann Sum :黎曼和Riemannian geometry :黎曼几何Right-hand derivative :右导数Right-hand limit :右极限Root :根S:Saddle point :鞍点Scalar :纯量Secant line :割线Second derivative :二阶导数Second Derivative Test :二阶导数试验法Second partial derivative :二阶偏导数Sector :扇形Sequence :数列Series :级数Set :集合Shell method :剥壳法Sine function :正弦函数Singularity :奇点Slant asymptote :斜渐近线Slope :斜率Slope-intercept equation of a line :直线的斜截式Smooth curve :平滑曲线Smooth surface :平滑曲面Solid of revolution :旋转体Space :空间Speed :速率Spherical coordinates :球面坐标Squeeze Theorem :夹挤定理Step function :阶梯函数Strictly decreasing :严格递减Strictly increasing :严格递增Sum :和Surface :曲面Surface integral :面积分Surface of revolution :旋转曲面Symmetry :对称T:Tangent function :正切函数Tangent line :切线Tangent plane :切平面Tangent vector :切向量Total differential :全微分Trigonometric function :三角函数Trigonometric integrals :三角积分Trigonometric substitutions :三角代换法Tripe integrals :三重积分V、X、Z:Value of function :函数值Variable :变数Vector :向量Velocity :速度Vertical asymptote :垂直渐近线Volume :体积X-axis :x轴x-coordinate :x坐标x-intercept :x截距Zero vector :函数的零点Zeros of a polynomial :多项式的零点。
高等数学英语词汇
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高等数学词汇(higher mathematics words)Aabelian group:阿贝尔群;absolute geometry:绝对几何;absolute value:绝对值;abstract algebra:抽象代数;addition:加法;algebra:代数;algebraic closure:代数闭包;algebraic geometry:代数几何;algebraic geometry and analytic geometry:代数几何和解析几何;algebraic numbers:代数数;algorithm:算法;almost all:绝大多数;analytic function:解析函数;analytic geometry:解析几何;and:且;angle:角度;anticommutative:反交换律;antisymmetric relation:反对称关系;antisymmetry:反对称性;approximately equal:约等于;Archimedean field:阿基米德域;Archimedean group:阿基米德群;area:面积;arithmetic:算术;associative algebra:结合代数;associativity:结合律;axiom:公理;axiom of constructibility:可构造公理;axiom of empty set:空集公理;axiom of extensionality:外延公理;axiom of foundation:正则公理;axiom of pairing:对集公理;axiom of regularity:正则公理;axiom of replacement:代换公理;axiom of union:并集公理;axiom schema of separation:分离公理;axiom schema of specification:分离公理;axiomatic set theory:公理集合论;axiomatic system:公理系统;BBaire space:贝利空间;basis:基;Bézout's identity:贝祖恒等式;Bernoulli's inequality:伯努利不等式;Big O notation:大O符号;bilinear operator:双线性算子;binary operation:二元运算;binary predicate:二元谓词;binary relation:二元关系;Boolean algebra:布尔代数;Boolean logic:布尔逻辑;Boolean ring:布尔环;boundary:边界;boundary point:边界点;bounded lattice:有界格;Ccalculus:微积分学;Cantor's diagonal argument:康托尔对角线方法;cardinal number:基数;cardinality:势;cardinality of the continuum:连续统的势;Cartesian coordinate system:直角坐标系;Cartesian product:笛卡尔积;category:范畴;Cauchy sequence:柯西序列;Cauchy-Schwarz inequality:柯西不等式;Ceva's Theorem:塞瓦定理;characteristic:特征;characteristic polynomial:特征多项式;circle:圆;class:类;closed:闭集;closure:封闭性或闭包;closure algebra:闭包代数;combinatorial identities:组合恒等式;commutative group:交换群;commutative ring:交换环;commutativity::交换律;compact:紧致的;compact set:紧致集合;compact space:紧致空间;complement:补集或补运算;complete lattice:完备格;complete metric space:完备的度量空间;complete space:完备空间;complex manifold:复流形;complex plane:复平面;congruence:同余;congruent:全等;connected space:连通空间;constructible universe:可构造全集;constructions of the real numbers:实数的构造;continued fraction:连分数;continuous:连续;continuum hypothesis:连续统假设;contractible space:可缩空间;convergence space:收敛空间;cosine:余弦;countable:可数;countable set:可数集;cross product:叉积;cycle space:圈空间;cyclic group:循环群;Dde Morgan's laws:德·摩根律;Dedekind completion:戴德金完备性;Dedekind cut:戴德金分割;del:微分算子;dense:稠密;densely ordered:稠密排列;derivative:导数;determinant:行列式;diffeomorphism:可微同构;difference:差;differentiable manifold:可微流形;differential calculus:微分学;dimension:维数;directed graph:有向图;discrete space:离散空间;discriminant:判别式;distance:距离;distributivity:分配律;dividend:被除数;dividing:除;divisibility:整除;division:除法;divisor:除数;dot product:点积;Eeigenvalue:特征值;eigenvector:特征向量;element:元素;elementary algebra:初等代数;empty function:空函数;empty set:空集;empty product:空积;equal:等于;equality:等式或等于;equation:方程;equivalence relation:等价关系;Euclidean geometry:欧几里德几何;Euclidean metric:欧几里德度量;Euclidean space:欧几里德空间;Euler's identity:欧拉恒等式;even number:偶数;event:事件;existential quantifier:存在量词;exponential function:指数函数;exponential identities:指数恒等式;expression:表达式;extended real number line:扩展的实数轴;Ffalse:假;field:域;finite:有限;finite field:有限域;finite set:有限集合;first-countable space:第一可数空间;first order logic:一阶逻辑;foundations of mathematics:数学基础;function:函数;functional analysis:泛函分析;functional predicate:函数谓词;fundamental theorem of algebra:代数基本定理;fraction:分数;Ggauge space:规格空间;general linear group:一般线性群;geometry:几何学;gradient:梯度;graph:图;graph of a relation:关系图;graph theory:图论;greatest element:最大元;group:群;group homomorphism:群同态;HHausdorff space:豪斯多夫空间;hereditarily finite set:遗传有限集合;Heron's formula:海伦公式;Hilbert space:希尔伯特空间;Hilbert's axioms:希尔伯特公理系统;Hodge decomposition:霍奇分解;Hodge Laplacian:霍奇拉普拉斯算子;homeomorphism:同胚;horizontal:水平;hyperbolic function identities:双曲线函数恒等式;hypergeometric function identities:超几何函数恒等式;hyperreal number:超实数;Iidentical:同一的;identity:恒等式;identity element:单位元;identity matrix:单位矩阵;idempotent:幂等;if:若;if and only if:当且仅当;iff:当且仅当;imaginary number:虚数;inclusion:包含;index set:索引集合;indiscrete space:非离散空间;inequality:不等式或不等;inequality of arithmetic and geometric means:平均数不等式;infimum:下确界;infinite series:无穷级数;infinite:无穷大;infinitesimal:无穷小;infinity:无穷大;initial object:初始对象;inner angle:内角;inner product:内积;inner product space:内积空间;integer:整数;integer sequence:整数列;integral:积分;integral domain:整数环;interior:内部;interior algebra:内部代数;interior point:内点;intersection:交集;inverse element:逆元;invertible matrix:可逆矩阵;interval:区间;involution:回旋;irrational number:无理数;isolated point:孤点;isomorphism:同构;JJacobi identity:雅可比恒等式;join:并运算;K格式:Kuratowski closure axioms:Kuratowski 闭包公理;Lleast element:最小元;Lebesgue measure:勒贝格测度;Leibniz's law:莱布尼茨律;Lie algebra:李代数;Lie group:李群;limit:极限;limit point:极限点;line:线;line segment:线段;linear:线性;linear algebra:线性代数;linear operator:线性算子;linear space:线性空间;linear transformation:线性变换;linearity:线性性;list of inequalities:不等式列表;list of linear algebra topics:线性代数相关条目;locally compact space:局部紧致空间;logarithmic identities:对数恒等式;logic:逻辑学;logical positivism:逻辑实证主义;law of cosines:余弦定理;L??wenheim-Skolem theorem:L??wenheim-Skolem 定理;lower limit topology:下限拓扑;Mmagnitude:量;manifold:流形;map:映射;mathematical symbols:数学符号;mathematical analysis:数学分析;mathematical proof:数学证明;mathematics:数学;matrix:矩阵;matrix multiplication:矩阵乘法;meaning:语义;measure:测度;meet:交运算;member:元素;metamathematics:元数学;metric:度量;metric space:度量空间;model:模型;model theory:模型论;modular arithmetic:模运算;module:模;monotonic function:单调函数;multilinear algebra:多重线性代数;multiplication:乘法;multiset:多样集;Nnaive set theory:朴素集合论;natural logarithm:自然对数;natural number:自然数;natural science:自然科学;negative number:负数;neighbourhood:邻域;New Foundations:新基础理论;nine point circle:九点圆;non-Euclideangeometry:非欧几里德几何;nonlinearity:非线性;non-singular matrix:非奇异矩阵;nonstandard model:非标准模型;nonstandard analysis:非标准分析;norm:范数;normed vector space:赋范向量空间;n-tuple:n 元组或多元组;nullary:空;nullary intersection:空交集;number:数;number line:数轴;Oobject:对象;octonion:八元数;one-to-one correspondence:一一对应;open:开集;open ball:开球;operation:运算;operator:算子;or:或;order topology:序拓扑;ordered field:有序域;ordered pair:有序对;ordered set:偏序集;ordinal number:序数;ordinary mathematics:一般数学;origin:原点;orthogonal matrix:正交矩阵;Pp-adic number:p进数;paracompact space:仿紧致空间;parallel postulate:平行公理;parallelepiped:平行六面体;parallelogram:平行四边形;partial order:偏序关系;partition:分割;Peano arithmetic:皮亚诺公理;Pedoe's inequality:佩多不等式;perpendicular:垂直;philosopher:哲学家;philosophy:哲学;philosophy journals:哲学类杂志;plane:平面;plural quantification:复数量化;point:点;Point-Line-Plane postulate:点线面假设;polar coordinates:极坐标系;polynomial:多项式;polynomial sequence:多项式列;positive-definite matrix:正定矩阵;positive-semidefinite matrix:半正定矩阵;power set:幂集;predicate:谓词;predicate logic:谓词逻辑;preorder:预序关系;prime number:素数;product:积;proof:证明;proper class:纯类;proper subset:真子集;property:性质;proposition:命题;pseudovector:伪向量;Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理;QQ.E.D.:Q.E.D.;quaternion:四元数;quaternions and spatial rotation:四元数与空间旋转;question:疑问句;quotient field:商域;quotient set:商集;Rradius:半径;ratio:比;rational number:有理数;real analysis:实分析;real closed field:实闭域;real line:实数轴;real number:实数;real number line:实数线;reflexive relation:自反关系;reflexivity:自反性;reification:具体化;relation:关系;relative complement:相对补集;relatively complemented lattice:相对补格;right angle:直角;right-handed rule:右手定则;ring:环;Sscalar:标量;second-countable space:第二可数空间;self-adjoint operator:自伴随算子;sentence:判断;separable space:可分空间;sequence:数列或序列;sequence space:序列空间;series:级数;sesquilinear function:半双线性函数;set:集合;set-theoretic definition of natural numbers:自然数的集合论定义;set theory:集合论;several complex variables:一些复变量;shape:几何形状;sign function:符号函数;singleton:单元素集合;social science:社会科学;solid geometry:立体几何;space:空间;spherical coordinates:球坐标系;square matrix:方块矩阵;square root:平方根;strict:严格;structuralrecursion:结构递归;subset:子集;subsequence:子序列;subspace:子空间;subspace topology:子空间拓扑;subtraction:减法;sum:和;summation:求和;supremum:上确界;surreal number:超实数;symmetric difference:对称差;symmetric relation:对称关系;system of linear equations:线性方程组;Ttensor:张量;terminal object:终结对象;the algebra of sets:集合代数;theorem:定理;top element:最大元;topological field:拓扑域;topological manifold:拓扑流形;topological space:拓扑空间;topology:拓扑或拓扑学;total order:全序关系;totally disconnected:完全不连贯;totally ordered set:全序集;transcendental number:超越数;transfinite recursion:超限归纳法;transitivity:传递性;transitive relation:传递关系;transpose:转置;triangle inequality:三角不等式;trigonometric identities:三角恒等式;triple product:三重积;trivial topology:密着拓扑;true:真;truth value:真值;Uunary operation:一元运算;uncountable:不可数;uniform space:一致空间;union:并集;unique:唯一;unit interval:单位区间;unit step function:单位阶跃函数;unit vector:单位向量;universal quantification:全称量词;universal set:全集;upper bound:上界;Vvacuously true:??;Vandermonde's identity:Vandermonde 恒等式;variable:变量;vector:向量;vector calculus:向量分析;vector space:向量空间;Venn diagram:文氏图;volume:体积;von Neumann ordinal:冯·诺伊曼序数;von Neumann universe:冯·诺伊曼全集;vulgar fraction:分数;ZZermelo set theory:策梅罗集合论;Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory:策梅罗-弗兰克尔集合论;ZF set theory:ZF 系统;zero:零;zero object:零对象;。
数学专业术语英文
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数学专业术语英文Mathematics is a field that has its own unique language, filled with technical terms that are essential for understanding and communicating complex concepts. Here is a list of some common mathematical terms in English, along with their definitions:1. Algebra - The study of mathematical symbols and the rules for their manipulation, often involving solving equations and inequalities.2. Algorithm - A step-by-step procedure for calculations, data processing, or automatic reasoning.3. Arithmetic - The oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, dealing with basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.4. Calculus - The study of change, including differential calculus (the study of functions and their rates of change) and integral calculus (the study of accumulations of quantities).5. Combinatorics - The study of finite or countable discrete structures, often involving counting, arrangement, and permutation of objects.6. Continuous - In calculus, a function is said to becontinuous if it can be drawn without lifting the pen fromthe paper; it has no abrupt changes.7. Derivative - In calculus, the derivative of a function measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (a feature of the function's local behavior).8. Euclidean Geometry - A branch of geometry based on the axioms and theorems of the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid.9. Function - A relation between a set of inputs and aset of permissible outputs with the property that each inputis related to exactly one output.10. Geometry - The study of space, shapes, and sizes,often using diagrams and visual methods.11. Integral - In calculus, an integral is a measure ofthe accumulated change under a curve over an interval, often used to find areas and volumes.12. Limit - In calculus, the value that a function or sequence "approaches" as the input (or index) approaches some point.13. Matrix - A rectangular array of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns.14. Number Theory - The study of integers, specifically their properties and relationships, in many cases considering the largest or smallest integers that satisfy certainconditions.15. Polynomial - An expression consisting of variablesand coefficients, that involves only the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication, and non-negative integer exponents of variables.16. Prime Number - A natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.17. Pythagorean Theorem - A theorem in geometry thatstates that in a right-angled triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squaresof the lengths of the other two sides.18. Quadratic Equation - An equation of the second degree, typically in the form of ax² + bx + c = 0, where a ≠ 0.19. Series - A sequence of numbers that follows aspecific pattern, often used in calculus to representfunctions and study their convergence or divergence.20. Topology - The study of the properties of space that are preserved under continuous transformations, such as stretching or twisting.21. Vector - A quantity that has both magnitude and direction, often represented by an arrow with a length proportional to the magnitude and direction pointing in the direction of the vector.22. Zero - A number representing the absence of value, often used as the additive identity in arithmetic.Understanding these terms is crucial for anyone studying mathematics, as they form the foundation for more advanced concepts and discussions within the field.。
美高数学术语
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美高数学术语
1.函数(Function):一种映射关系,将一个自变量映射到一个因变量上。
2. 导数(Derivative):函数在某一点处的变化率。
3. 积分(Integral):函数的面积或曲线长度。
4. 极限(Limit):函数在某一点处的趋势。
5. 矩阵(Matrix):一个二维数组,用于表示线性方程组。
6. 向量(Vector):一个有大小和方向的量,用于表示空间中的
位置和方向。
7. 微积分(Calculus):涉及导数和积分的数学分支,主要用于
研究变化率和面积。
8. 拓扑学(Topology):研究空间形态的数学分支。
9. 群(Group):一种代数结构,用于描述对称性和变换规律。
10. 环(Ring):一种代数结构,用于描述整数和多项式的运算规律。
11. 对称群(Symmetry Group):表示一个对象所有对称变换的群。
12. 拓扑群(Topological Group):一个同时具有拓扑结构和群
结构的对象。
13. 复数(Complex Number):一个由实数和虚数组成的数。
14. 线性代数(Linear Algebra):研究向量空间和线性变换的分支。
15. 微分方程(Differential Equation):涉及导数和未知函数
的方程。
数学术语的英汉对照
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数学术语的英汉对照数学术语的英汉对照(权威,全⾯)19数学术语的英汉对照(权威,全⾯)English Chineseabbreviation 简写符号;简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极⼤值absolute minimum 绝对极⼩值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重⼒加速度; 地⼼加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作⽤; 作⽤⼒acute angle 锐⾓acute-angled triangle 锐⾓三⾓形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) (概率)加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻⾓adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数⽅程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle (交)错⾓alternate segment 内错⼸形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择⼀假设; 备择假设; 另⼀假设altitude ⾼;⾼度;顶垂线;⾼线ambiguous case 两义情况;⼆义情况amount 本利和;总数analysis 分析;解析analytic geometry 解析⼏何angle ⾓angle at the centre 圆⼼⾓angle at the circumference 圆周⾓angle between a line and a plane 直 与平⾯的交⾓angle between two planes 两平⾯的交⾓angle bisection ⾓平分angle bisector ⾓平分线 ;分⾓线 angle in the alternate segment 交错⼸形的圆周⾓angle in the same segment 同⼸形内的圆周⾓angle of depression 俯⾓angle of elevation 仰⾓angle of friction 静摩擦⾓; 极限⾓angle of greatest slope 最⼤斜率的⾓angle of inclination 倾斜⾓angle of intersection 相交⾓;交⾓angle of projection 投射⾓angle of rotation 旋转⾓angle of the sector 扇形⾓angle sum of a triangle 三⾓形内⾓和angles at a point 同顶⾓angular displacement ⾓移位angular momentum ⾓动量angular motion ⾓运动angular velocity ⾓速度annum(X% per annum) 年(年利率X%)anti-clockwise direction 逆时针⽅向;返时针⽅向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针⼒矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area ⾯积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿⽒图argument (1)论证; (2)辐⾓argument of a complex number 复数的辐⾓argument of a function 函数的⾃变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均;等差中顶;算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数;等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定;假设asymmetrical ⾮对称asymptote 渐近 asymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静⽌augmented matrix 增⼴矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助⾓auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助⽅程average 平均;平均数;平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 拋物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代bar chart 棒形图;条线图;条形图;线条图base (1)底;(2)基;基数base angle 底⾓base area 底⾯base line 底线 base number 底数;基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing ⽅位(⾓);⾓⽅向(⾓)bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差;偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion ⼗亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number ⼆进数binary operation ⼆元运算binary scale ⼆进法binary system ⼆进制binomial ⼆项式binomial distribution ⼆项分布binomial expression ⼆项式binomial series ⼆项级数binomial theorem ⼆项式定理bisect 平分;等分bisection method 分半法;分半⽅法bisector 等分线 ;平分线 Boolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线);边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace ⼤括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图calculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法;相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioid ⼼脏 Cartesian coordinates 笛卡⼉坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡⼉⽅程Cartesian plane 笛卡⼉平⾯Cartesian product 笛卡⼉积category 类型;范畴catenary 悬链 Cauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy's principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西 - 许⽡尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中⼼极限定理central line 中线 central tendency 集中趋centre 中⼼;⼼centre of a circle 圆⼼centre of gravity 重⼼centre of mass 质量中⼼centrifugal force 离⼼⼒centripedal acceleration 向⼼加速度centripedal force force 向⼼⼒centroid 形⼼;距⼼certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元;变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)⽅程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的⾸数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图;图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形;圆的circular function 圆函数;三⾓函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外⼼;外接圆⼼circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoid 蔓叶 class 区;组;类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间;组距class limit 组限;区限class mark 组中点;区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针⽅向clockwise moment 顺时针⼒矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因⼦; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线 collinear planes 共线⾯collision 碰撞column (1)列;纵⾏;(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因⼦;公因⼦common logarithm 常⽤对数common multiple 公位数;公倍common ratio 公⽐common tangent 公切 commutative law 交换律comparable 可⽐较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘⽅位⾓compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余;补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余⾓complementary equation 补充⽅程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配⽅complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平⾯complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分⼒composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数;合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复⾓compound angle formula 复⾓公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利;复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机;电⼦计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同⼼圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥;圆锥(体)confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信⽔平confidence limit 置信极限confocal section 共焦圆锥曲 congruence (1)全等;(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三⾓形conic ⼆次曲 ; 圆锥曲 conic section ⼆次曲 ; 圆锥曲 conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number 共轭双曲 conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数;相邻数consequence 结论;推论consequent 条件;后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent ⼀贯的;相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒⼒constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束;约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation ⽅程的设⽴continued proportion 连⽐例continued ratio 连⽐continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续⽐例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction ⽭盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析⼏何;坐标⼏何coordinate system 坐标系系定理;系;推论coplanar 共⾯coplanar forces 共⾯⼒coplanar lines 共⾯ co-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确⾄;取值⾄correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位⾓;(2)对应⾓corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数⽆限counter clockwise direction 逆时针⽅向;返时针⽅向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数couple ⼒偶Carmer's rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切⾯;横截⾯;截痕cube 正⽅体;⽴⽅;⽴⽅体cube root ⽴⽅根cubic 三次⽅;⽴⽅;三次(的)cubic equation 三次⽅程cubic roots of unity 单位的⽴⽅根cuboid 长⽅体;矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数;累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲 cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形;累积频率直⽅图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curve 曲线 curve sketching 曲线描绘(法)curve tracing 曲线描迹(法)curved line 曲线 curved surface 曲⾯curved surface area 曲⾯⾯积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱;圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的damped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre's theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan's law 德摩根律decagon ⼗边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因⼦decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile ⼗分位数decimal ⼩数decimal place ⼩数位decimal point ⼩数点decimal system ⼗进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数;下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列;下降序列decreasing series 递减级数;下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的;定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom ⾃由度degree of ODE 常微分⽅程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number ⼗进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派⽣统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x 的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法) determinant ⾏列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对⾓线diagonal matrix 对⾓矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic ⼆次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分⽅程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分⽅程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量⽹; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正⽐例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分)directed angle 有向⾓directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction ⽅向; ⽅位direction angle ⽅向⾓direction cosine ⽅向余弦direction number ⽅向数direction ratio ⽅向⽐directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的) discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分⽴; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数;(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因⼦divisor of zero 零因⼦dodecagon ⼗⼆边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle ⼆倍⾓double angle formula ⼆倍⾓公式double root ⼆重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动⼒学eccentric angle 离⼼⾓eccentric circles 离⼼圆eccentricity 离⼼率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱;边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施⼒eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹⼒elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本⾏运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张;展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率;经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整⽅根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等⽐定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation ⽅程equation in one unknown ⼀元⽅程equation in two unknowns (variables) ⼆元⽅程equation of a straight line 直线⽅程equation of locus 轨迹⽅程equiangular 等⾓(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三⾓形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计;估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧⼏⾥德算法Euclidean geometry 欧⼏⾥德⼏何Euler's formula 尤拉公式;欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例excentre 外⼼exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值;预期值experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of… 以………表达expression 式;数式extension 外延;延长;扩张;扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外⾓external angle bisector 外分⾓ external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值face ⾯factor 因⼦;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因⼦定理;因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因⼦分解;因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同⼼圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可⾏解;容许解Fermat's last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数;黄⾦分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形);(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation ⾸近似值first derivative ⼀阶导数first order differential equation ⼀阶微分⽅程first projection 第⼀投影; 第⼀射影first quartile 第⼀四分位数first term ⾸项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡⼉叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂⾜for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每⼀Xforce ⼒forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式;型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式;规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次⽅根fraction 分数;分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式⽅程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall ⾃由下坠free vector ⾃由向量; ⾃由⽮量frequency 频数;频率frequency distribution 频数分布;频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形;频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦⼒frictionless motion ⽆摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum ⽀点function 函数function of function 复合函数;迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理gain 增益;赚;盈利gain perent 赚率;增益率;盈利百分率game (1)对策;(2)博奕Gaussian distribution ⾼斯分布Gaussian elimination ⾼斯消去法general form ⼀般式;通式general solution 通解;⼀般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; ⽣成函数generator (1)母线; (2)⽣成元geoborad ⼏何板geometric distribution ⼏何分布geometric mean ⼏何平均数;等⽐中项geometric progression ⼏何级数;等⽐级数geometric sequence 等⽐序列geometric series 等⽐级数geometry ⼏何;⼏何学given 给定;已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极⼤值; 整体极⼤值global minimum 全局极⼩值; 整体极⼩值golden section 黄⾦分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率;倾斜率;(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像;图形;图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图⽰;以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravity 重⼒greatest term 最⼤项greatest value 最⼤值grid lines ⽹⽹格线group 组; grouped data 分组数据;分类数据grouping terms 并项;集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因⼦half angle 半⾓half angle formula 半⾓公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正⾯(钱币)height ⾼(度)helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体;半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯⼀的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative ⾼阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最⼤公因⼦;最⾼公因式;最⾼公因⼦Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图;直⽅图;矩形图Holder's Inequality 赫⽿德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次⽅程Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal ⽔平的;⽔平horizontal asymptote ⽔平渐近线horizontal component ⽔平分量horizontal line 横线 ;⽔平线 horizontal range ⽔平射程hyperbola 双曲线 hyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超⼏何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线idempotent 全幂等的identical 全等;恒等identity 等(式)identity element 单位元identity law 同⼀律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…, then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式;蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral ⼴义积分; ⾮正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲⼒incentre 内⼒incircle 内切圆inclination 倾⾓;斜⾓inclined plane 斜⾯included angle 夹⾓included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的;可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取;可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的);不⼀致(的) increase 递增;增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独⽴;⾃变independent equations 独⽴⽅程independent event 独⽴事件independent variable ⾃变量;独⽴变量indeterminate (1)不定的;(2)不定元;未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数;未定系数indeterminate form 待定型;不定型index,indices 指数;指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision ⾮弹性碰撞inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性;惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite ⽆限;⽆穷infinite dimensional ⽆限维infinite population ⽆限总体infinite sequence ⽆限序列;⽆穷序列infinite series ⽆限级数;⽆穷级数infinitely many ⽆穷多infinitesimal ⽆限⼩;⽆穷⼩infinity ⽆限(⼤);⽆穷(⼤)inflection (inflexion) point 拐点;转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件;初值条件initial point 始点;起点initial side 始边initial value 初值;始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输⼊input box 输⼊inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插⼊insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积;积分;......的积分integrating factor 积分因⼦integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法;换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作⽤intercept 截距;截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内⾓interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内⾓interior opposite angle 内对⾓intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisector 内分⾓ internal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内⼒internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集;(2)相交;(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计;区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效;⽆效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的;(2)不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse circular function 反三⾓函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse cosine function 反三⾓函数inverse function 反函数;逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射;逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反⽐例;逆⽐例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分);逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation ⽆理⽅程irrational number ⽆理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三⾓形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法jet propulsion 喷⽓推进joint variation 联变(分);连变(分)kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known ⼰知L.H.S. 末项L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗⽇插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗⽇定理Lami's law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; ⾸通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; ⾸通径law 律;定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律;指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient ⾸项系数leading diagonal 主对⾓线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最⼩公倍数;最低公倍式least value 最⼩值left hand limit 左⽅极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter ⽂字;字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗⽜线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最⼤静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线;⾏line of action 作⽤⼒线line of best-fit 最佳拟合 line of greatest slope 最⼤斜率的直 ;最⼤斜率 line of intersection 交线 line segment 线段linear 线性;⼀次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分⽅程linear equation 线性⽅程;⼀次⽅程linear equation in two unknowns ⼆元⼀次⽅程;⼆元线性⽅程linear inequality ⼀次不等式;线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性⽆关的literal coefficient ⽂字系数literal equation ⽂字⽅程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰⼦local maximum 局部极⼤(值)local minimum 局部极⼩(值)locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数⽅程logarithmic function 对数函数logical deduction 逻辑推论;逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本;亏蚀loss per cent 赔率;亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三⾓形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最⼩公倍数machine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量;数量;长度;⼤⼩major arc 优弧;⼤弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形;⼤扇形major segment 优⼸形;⼤⼸形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数;对数的定值部many to one 多个对⼀个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映⼊map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵⽅程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极⼤maximum absolute error 最⼤绝对误差maximum point 极⼤点maximum value 极⼤值mean 平均(值);平均数;中数mean deviation 中均差;平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数;(2)中线 meet 相交;相遇mensuration 计量;求积法method ⽅法method of completing square 配⽅法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最⼩⼆乘法; 最⼩平⽅法method of substitution 代换法;换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit ⼗进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极⼩minimum point 极⼩点Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)⼦⾏列式;(2)劣;较⼩的minor arc 劣弧;⼩弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant ⼦⾏列式minor sector 劣扇形;⼩扇形minor segment 劣⼸形;⼩⼸形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数)moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)⼒臂moment of a force ⼒矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍2;数multiple angle 倍⾓multiple-angle formula 倍⾓公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独⽴; 互相独⽴mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直 n factorial n 阶乘n th derivative n 阶导数n th root n 次根;n 次⽅根n the root of unity 单位的n 次根Napierian logarithm 纳⽪尔对数; ⾃然对数natural logarithm ⾃然对数natural number ⾃然数natural surjection ⾃然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负⾓negative binomial distribution 负⼆项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数。
数学专业名词英文解释
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高等数学(Higher Mathematics)一些基本名词中英文对照表中文英文中文英文函数function 逆时针方向counterclockwise定义域domain of definition 变量variable值域range of function 常量constant quantity极限limit 坐标轴axis of coordinates 极限值limit value 横坐标abscissa发散diverge 纵坐标ordinate收敛converge 锐角acute angle连续性continuity 钝角obtuse angle连续函数continuous function 平角straight angle左连续continuity from the left 直角right angle开集open set 圆circle闭集closed set 半径radius闭区间closed interval 直径diameter区间interval 三角形triangle一元函数function of one variable 斜率slope多元函数function of severalvariables无穷小infinitesimal内点inner point 无穷大infinite孤立点isolated point 正positive邻域neighborhood 负negative导数derivative 凸convex偏导数partial derivative 凹concave微分differential calculus 椭圆ellipse全微分total differential 双曲线hyperbola偏微分partial differential 曲线curve积分integral 曲面surface微积分infinitesimal calculus 交intersection 重积分multiple integral 补集complement 二重积分double integral 投影project三重积分threefold integral 等差级数arithmeticalprogression中值定理law of the mean 几何级数geometric progression极值extreme values 公理axioms定积分definite integral 定义definition 不定积分indefinite integral 定理theorem曲线积curvilinear integral 集合set分曲面积分surface integral 元素element 级数progression,series 空集empty 数列sequence 子集subset 微分方程differential equation 相等equal常微分方程ordinary differentialequation常数constant偏微分方程partial differentialequation对数logarithm差分方程difference equation 指数exponential特征方程characteristic equation 曲率curvature间断点discontinuity point 曲率圆circle of curvature 渐近线asymptote 曲率半径radius of curvature切线tangent line 切平面tangent plane切线方程tangential equation 幂级数power series拐点point of inflexion 收敛半convergence radius径绝对收敛absolutely convergence 收敛区间convergence interval条件收敛conditional convergence 收敛区域convergence region和函数sum function 通解general solution 解solution 特解special solution 初始条件initial condition 阶order条件极值conditional extremum 常数项级数constant series必要条件necessary condition 正项级数positive series充分条件sufficient condition 交错级数alternate series收敛判别法convergence criterion 一般级数ordinary series比较判别法comparison criterion。
数学常用词汇中英文对照——数学词汇整理整理版
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数学常用词汇中英文对照Mathematical vocabulary一、代数部分(Algebra part)1、有关计算some basic operationadd[æd,plus[plʌs]加subtract[səbˈtrækt]减difference[ˈdifərəns]差multiply[ˈmʌltiplai],times[taɪmz]乘product[ˈprɔdʌkt]积divide[diˈvaid]除divisible[dɪˈvɪzəbəl]可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend[ˈdividend],美[ˈdɪvɪˌdɛnd] 被除数divisor[dɪˈvaɪzə] 因子,除数quotient[ˈkwəʊʃənt]商remainder[riˈmeində] 余数factorial[fækˈtɔ:riəl]阶乘power[ˈpauə] 乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号round to四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合setsEmpty [ˈempti]sets空集Subset[ˈsʌbset]子集Intersection[intəˈsekʃən]交集union[ˈju:njən] 并集complement[ˈkɔmplimənt] 补集proper[ˈprɔpə] subset真子集solution [səˈlu:ʃən]set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式(algebraic expression, equation and inequalities)algebraic term[ˌældʒiˈbreiik tə:m]代数项like[laik] terms,similar[ˈsimilə] terms同类项numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]数字系数literal coefficient[ˈlitərəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt]字母系数inequality[ˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:] 不等式triangle inequality[ˈtraiæŋɡlˌɪnɪˈkwɔlɪti:]三角不等式range[reindʒ]值域original equation[əˈridʒinəl iˈkweiʃən] 原方程equivalent equation[iˈkwivələnt iˈkweiʃən]同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)Binomial[baiˈnəumiəl] 【GMAT】二项式Trinomial [traiˈnəumjəl] 【GMAT】三相式Complete quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation[iˈkweiʃən]【GMAT】完全二次方程Complementary [ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function 【GMAT】余函数Equivalence[ɪˈkwɪvələns] relation 【GMAT】等价关系Factorable quadratic [kwəˈdrætik]equation 【GMAT】可因式分解的二次方程Incomplete[ˌɪnkəmˈpli:t] quadratic equation 【GMAT】不完全二次方程be equivalent [iˈkwivələnt] to anther equation【GRE】与另一方程痛解clear an equation of fractions[ˈfrækʃəns]分式方程整式化like(similar) terms[laik tə:ms] 同类项unlike[ˌʌnˈlaik] terms非同类项【GRE】numerical coefficient[nju:ˈmerikəl ˌkəʊəˈfɪʃənt] 【GRE】数字系数4.有关分数和小数(fraction and decimal)proper [ˈprɔpə]fraction[ˈfrækʃən真分数improper[ɪmˈprɔpə] fraction假分数mixed number[mɪkst ˈnʌmbə]带分数vulgar fraction[ˈvʌlɡəˈfrækʃən],common[ˈkɔmən] fraction普通分数simple[ˈsimpl] fraction简分数complex[ˈkɔmpleks] fraction繁分数numerator[ˈnu:məˌreɪtə, ˈnju:-] 分子denominator[dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə]分母(least)common denominator([li:st])[ˈkɔmən dɪˈnɔməˌneɪtə] (最小)公分母quarter[ˈkwɔ:tə]四分之一decimal fraction[ˈdesiməl ˈfrækʃən]纯小数infinite decimal[ˈinfinitˈdesiməl ] 无穷小数recurring decimal[riˈkəːriŋˈdesiməl ]循环小数tenthsunit十分位Equivalent[iˈkwivələnt] fractions[ˈfrækʃən]【GMAT】等值分数Mixed[mɪkst] 【GMAT】decimal 混合小数cancellation[ˌkænsəˈleɪʃən]【GRE】约掉,消掉calculate to three decimal places计算结果保留三位小数invert[inˈvə:t] a fraction[ˈfrækʃən]【GRE】求一个分数的倒数5.基本数学概念(elementary mathematical concepts)arithmetic mean[əˈriθmətik mi:n]] 算术平均值weighted average[ˈweitidˈævəridʒ] 加权平均值geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] mean几何平均数exponent[eksˈpəunənt]指数,幂base[beis] 乘幂的底数,底边cube[kju:b] 立方数,立方体square[skwɛə] root[ru:t] 平方根cube root[kju:b ru:t ]立方根common logarithm[ˈlɔ:gəˌrɪðəm, ˈlɔgə-] 常用对数digit[ˈdidʒit] 数字constant[ˈkɔnstənt] 常数variable[ˈvɛəriəbl,ˈveəriəbl]变量inversefunction反函数complementary[ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri:, -tri:] function[ˈfʌŋkʃən]余函数linear一次的,线性的factorization因式分解absolute value[ˈæbsəlu:t ˈvælju]绝对值,e.g.|-32|=32round off[raund,ɔf]四舍五入mean proportional[prəˈpɔ:ʃənəl]【GRE】比例中项to the nearest 10% 精确到10%6.有关数论(numbers)natural[ˈnætʃərəl,ˈnætʃrəl] number[ˈnʌmbə,ˈnʌmbə(r)] 自然数positive[ˈpɔzitiv] number正数negative[ˈneɡətiv] number负数odd integer[ɔd ˈɪntɪdʒə ],odd number奇数even[ˈi:vən] integer,even number偶数integer,whole number[həul ˈnʌmbə] 整数positive [ˈpɔzitiv]whole number正整数negative[ˈneɡətiv] whole number负整数consecutive[kənˈsekjutiv,kənˈsekjətɪv] number连续整数real [riəl,ˈriːəl]number,rational[ˈræʃənl] number实数,有理数irrational[ɪˈræʃənəl](number)无理数nonzero[ˈnɔnziərəu]非零;非零的【GRE】inverse[ɪnˈvɜ:s, ˈɪnˌvɜ:s]倒数composite[ˈkɔmpəzit] number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime[praim] number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal[riˈsiprəkəl] 倒数common divisor[ˈkɔmən dɪˈvaɪzə]公约数multiple[ˈmʌltipl]倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(praim)[ˈfæktə](质)因子common factor公因子Complex conjugate [ˈkɔndʒəɡeit]【GMAT】复共轭ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative[ˈnɔnˈneɡətiv] 非负的tens[tens]十位units[ˈju:nit]个位mode[məud]众数median[ˈmi:di:ən] 中数common ratio[ˈreiʃiəu]公比Infinity [ɪnˈfɪnɪti:] 【GMAT】无穷大Infinitesimal [ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtesəməl]【GMAT】无穷小aliquot[ˈælikwɔt]除得尽数【GRE】aliquant除不尽数【GRE】7.数列(sequence)arithmetic[əˈriθmətik] progression(sequence[ˈsi:kwəns] )等差数列geometric[ˌdʒi:əˈmetrɪk] progression[prəˈgreʃən](sequence)等比数列8.其它(others)approximate[əˈprɔksimit]近似approximately[əˈprɔksimitli] 【GRE】近似的,大约的approximation[əˌprɔksəˈmeɪʃən] 【GRE】近似,近似值(anti)clockwise(ˈænti)[ˈklɔkwaiz](逆)顺时针方向cardinal[ˈkɑ:dinl]基数ordinal [ˈɔ:dnəl]序数direct proportion[diˈrekt prəˈpɔ:ʃən]正比distinct[disˈtiŋkt]不同的estimation[ˌestəˈmeɪʃən] 估计,近似parentheses括号proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən]比例permutation[ˌpɜ:mjʊˈteɪʃən]排列combination[ˌkɔmbiˈneiʃən]组合probability[ˌprɔbəˈbiliti] 概率,或然率distribution [ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən]分布normal distribution[ˈnɔ:məl ˌdistriˈbju:ʃən ]正态分布graph[ɡrɑ:f] 图表bar [bɑːr]graph条形统计图histogram[ˈhistəuɡræm] 柱形统计图broken line graph[ˈbrəukən lain]折线统计图curve[kə:v,kɜːv/]diagram[ˈdaiəɡræm]曲线统计图pie[pai]diagram扇形统计图Numerical [nju:ˈmerikəl] analysis【GMAT】数值分析Mutually exclusive [iksˈklu:siv]【GMA T】互相排斥Standard [ˈstændəd] deviationdeviation [ˌdi:vi:ˈeɪʃən] 【GMA T】标准方差Algebra [ˈældʒibrə]代数学【GRE】algebraic expression[iksˈpreʃən]【GRE】代数式algebraic [ˌældʒiˈbreiik]term 【GRE】代数项assume that[əˈsju:m]【GRE】假定义……at random[ˈrændəm]【GRE】随机地round brackets[raund brækɪt] ;parentheses[pəˈrenθɪsɪs]圆括号【GRE】square[skwɛə] brackets方括号【GRE】braces['breisiz] 花括号【GRE】几何部分 (Geometry part)1.所有的角(angles)alternate[ɔ:lˈtə:nit] angle[ˈæŋɡl]内错角corresponding[ˌkɔrisˈpɔndiŋ,ˌkɒrəˈspɒndɪŋ] angle同位角vertical [ˈvə:tikəl]angle对顶角central [ˈsentrəl]angle圆心角interior[inˈtiəriə] angle内角exterior[eksˈtiəriə] angle外角supplement[ˈsʌpliment] aryangles补角complement [ˈkɔmplimənt]aryangle余角adjacent[əˈdʒeisənt] angle邻角acute [əˈkju:t]angle锐角obtuse [ɔbˈtu:s, -ˈtju:s, əb-] angle钝角right [rait]angle直角round[raund] angle周角straight [streit]angle平角included [ɪnˈklu:dɪd]angle夹角Exterior angles on the same side of the transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]【GMA T】同旁外角at right angles [ˈæŋglz]with与……成直角【GRE】be perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ] to【GRE】垂直于2.所有的三角形(triangle)[ˈtraiæŋɡl]equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] triangle等边三角形scalene[ˈskeɪˌli:n, skeɪˈli:n] triangle不等边三角形isosceles[aɪˈsɔsəˌli:z] triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed[ɪnˈskraɪbt] triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形,除三角形外(plain graph)semicircle[ˈsemɪˌsɜ:kəl]半圆concentriccircles[kənˈsentrɪk sɜ:kəl]同心圆eccentric偏心圆,;不同圆心的【GRE】quadrilateral[ˌkwɔdrəˈlætərəl] 四边形pentagon[ˈpentəˌgɔn]五边形hexagon[ˈheksəˌgɔn]六边形heptagon[ˈheptəɡən] 七边形octagon[ˈɔktəˌgɔn]八边形nonagon[ˈnɔnəɡən] 九边形decagon[ˈdekəˌgɔn]十边形polygon[ˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 多边形parallelogram[ˌpærəˈleləˌgræm]平行四边形equilateral[ˌi:kwəˈlætərəl, ˌekwə-] 等边形plane[plein]平面square[skwɛə]正方形,平方rectangle[ˈrektæŋɡl] 长方形regular polygon[ˈreɡjuləˈpɔli:ˌgɔn] 正多边形rhombus[ˈrɔmbəs] 菱形trapezoid[ˈtræpizɔid]梯形4.其它平面图形(others)arc[ɑ:k] 弧line[lain] ,straight line直线line segment[ˈseɡmənt] 线段parallel [ˈpærəlel]lines平行线segment of a circle[ˈsə:kl] 弧形secant[ˈsi:kənt]割线【GRE】segment[ˈseɡmənt] 【GRE】弓形;部分transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]横截线【GRE】e.g. ~of parallel lines 5.有关立体图形(solid figure)cube立方体,立方数rectangular[rekˈtæŋɡjulə] solid[ˈsɔlid]长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron[pɔliˈhedrən]正多面体circular cylinder[ˈsə:kjuləˈsilində]圆柱体cone cone圆锥sphere[sfiə] 球体solid[ˈsɔlid]立体的6.有关图形上的附属物(adjunct)altitude[ˈæltitju:d] 高depth[depθ]深度side边长circumference[səˈkʌmfərəns],perimeter[pəˈrɪmɪtə]周长radian[ˈreidjən]弧度surface area[ˈsə:fis][ˈɛəriə]表面积volume[ˈvɔlju:m]体积arm[ɑ:m]直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord[kɔ:d] 弦radius[ˈreidjəs]半径angle bisector[ˈbaɪˌsektə, baɪˈsek-] 角平分线diagonal[daɪˈægənəl]对角线diameter[daiˈæmitə] 直径edge[edʒ] 棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse[haɪˈpɔtnˌu:s, -ˌju:s]斜边included side夹边leg[leɡ]三角形的直角边medianofatriangle[ˈmi:djə,nɔfeiˈtraiæŋɡl] 三角形的中线base[beis] 底边,底数(e.g.2的5次方,2就是底数) opposite[ˈɔpəzit]直角三角形中的对边midpoint[ˈmidˌpɔint]中点endpoint[ˈendpɔint]端点vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks] (复数形式vertices)顶点tangent[ˈtændʒənt]切线的transversal[trænzˈvə:səl]截线intercept[ˌɪntəˈsept]截距vertex[ˈvɜ:ˌteks]顶点【GRE】7.有关坐标(coordinate)coordinate [kəuˈɔ:dineit]system坐标系rectangular coordinate[rekˈtæŋɡjuləkəuˈɔ:dineit]直角坐标系origin[ˈɔridʒin]原点X-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]【GRE】X坐标abscissa[æbˈsɪsə] 横坐标Y-coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]Y坐标【GRE】ordinate[ˈɔ:dnɪt, -ˌeɪt]纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant[ˈkwɔdrənt,ˈkwɑːd-]象限slope[sləup]斜率complex plane[plein] 复平面8.其它(others)plane geometry[dʒiˈɔmitri]平面几何trigonometry[ˌtrɪgəˈnɔmɪtri:] 三角学bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt]平分circumscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]外切inscribe[ˈsɜ:kəmˌskraɪb]内切intersect[ˌɪntəˈsekt]相交perpendicular[ˌpɜ:pənˈdɪkjələ]垂直pythagorean theorem[ˈθi:ərəm, ˈθɪərəm]勾股定理congruent[ˈkɔŋgru:ənt, kənˈgru:-] 全等的multilateral[ˌmʌltɪˈlætərəl]多边的Clockwise[ˈklɔkwaiz]【GMAT】顺时钟方向Counterclockwise[ˌkaʊntəˈklɔkˌwaɪz]【GMAT】逆时钟方向bisect[ˈbaɪˌsekt, baɪˈsekt] 【GRE】把……二等分bound[baund] 【GRE】辩解,范围;邻接其它done(drawn[drɔ:n]) to scale[skeil]【GRE】按比例绘制1.单位类cent[sent] 美分penny[ˈpeni]一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime[daim]一角硬币dozen[ˈdʌzn] 打(12个)score[skɔ:] 廿(20个)Centigrade[ˈsentiɡreid]摄氏Fahrenheit[ˈfærənˌhaɪt] 华氏quart[kwɔ:t]夸脱gallon[ˈɡælən]加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard[jɑ:d]码meter[ˈmi:tə]米micron[ˈmaikrɔn]微米inch[intʃ]英寸foot[intʃ]英尺minute[ˈminit] 分(角度的度量单位,60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter[ˈkju:bɪkˈmi:tə]立方米pint[paɪnt]品脱(干量或液量的单位)footcandle[ˈfutˈkændl]【GRE】(物理)英尺烛光(照度单位)2、数据类Apiece[əˈpi:s] 每人Per capita[ˈkeɪpətə]每人Decrease[di:ˈkri:s] to 减少到Decrease decrease by 减少了Brace[breis] 双Down payment[ˈpeimənt]定金,预付金Interest[ˈintrist]利息Simple interest[ˈintrist] 单利Compounded interest 复利compound[ˈkɔmpaund] annual interest年复利【GRE】Discount [ˈdiskaunt] 折扣Cumulative [ˈkju:mjulətiv]graph 累计图Margin[ˈmɑ:dʒin] 利润Retail[ˈri:teil] price 批发价Common[ˈkɔmən] year 平年Intercalary[inˈtə:kələri] year(leap year) 闰年3.30上午张依蕾整理。
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数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric meann个数之积的n次方根倒数(reciprocal)x的倒数为1/x 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式,方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数,幂exponent乘方power二次方,平方square三次方,立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根,平方根square root三次方根,立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414 sqrt(3)=1.732 sqrt(5) =2.236常量constant变量variable坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede(方程的)解solution几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle 等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width周长perimeter面积area相似similar全等congruent三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant补充:集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列,级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率,或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram。