英语四六级语法常用现象及翻译真题解析 CET4&CET6
四级语法真题深度剖析及常考知识点详解
四级语法真题深度剖析及常考知识点详解一、形容词和副词：1. 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词或形容词。
例句：She is a beautiful girl.（形容词修饰名词）He speaks English fluently.（副词修饰动词）2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
比较级表示比较程度高一些，最高级表示最高程度。
例句：This book is more interesting than that one.（比较级）He is the tallest boy in his class.（最高级）3. 形容词和副词的用法差异。
例句：He drives fast.（副词）She is a fast driver.（形容词）二、名词和冠词：1. 可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词可以数，不可数名词不能数。
例句：I have two books.（可数名词）I have some water.（不可数名词）2. 冠词的三种用法。
例句：I have a cat.（不定冠词）The cat is black.（定冠词）Cats are cute animals.（泛指冠词）3. 名词所有格的用法。
例句：John's book is on the table.（'s表示所有格）三、代词：1. 主格代词和宾格代词的用法。
主格代词用作主语，宾格代词用作宾语。
例句：I love her.（宾格代词）2. 反身代词的用法。
例句：He hurt himself.（反身代词）四、动词：1. 时态的用法。
例句：I will go to the movies tomorrow.（将来时）He has lived here for five years.（现在完成时）2. 动词的语态。
主动语态和被动语态。
例句：She wrote a letter.（主动语态）The letter was written by her.（被动语态）3. 动词的非谓语形式。
4级真题全文翻译答案解析
4级真题全文翻译答案解析四级真题全文翻译答案解析在准备英语四级考试时，翻译题一直是很多考生感到头疼的一部分。
为了帮助考生更好地应对翻译题，下面将对四级真题中的一篇文章进行全文翻译答案解析。
译文：我毕业于某高校，我不懂为什么我的教育经历使我的父母在大城市保持成本如此之高。
我父母经营着一家小型餐馆，在农村生活的时候并没有太多的钱。
他们希望我能接受更好的教育，所以他们将我送到了城市。
尽管他们付出了很多，但我自己真的很努力学习，也取得了很好的成绩。
然而，当我生活在城市的时候，我发现我需要付出更多的努力来适应不同的环境和文化。
另外，生活成本也比我在农村时要高很多。
我不得不更加节约，因为我不能向家里要更多的钱。
我认为父母为了子女的未来进行巨大的牺牲是非常值得的。
尽管我的父母生活的很累，但是他们一直坚持将所有的钱都花在了我的教育上。
在他们的帮助下，我能够赢得奖学金，甚至在大学期间获得兼职工作以支付自己的花费。
现在，我已经找到了一份不错的工作，我也能够支持自己，反过来帮助我的父母。
对于像我这样的人来说，适应大城市的生活是非常困难的。
有时候我甚至感到无法承受，但我知道坚持下去是值得的。
大城市给我提供了更多的机会和挑战，而且我也结交了很多有趣和有才能的人。
我不仅学到了知识，还学到了很多有关人生和成长的东西。
我相信这些经历将会对我的未来产生深远的影响。
回头看过去的几年，我的大城市生活给了我更多的机会。
尽管这段时间很辛苦，甚至我曾经面临失败的可能性，但我学到了很多，并意识到自己有多么坚强和适应能力强。
我不再害怕挑战，相反，我会勇敢地面对困难并找到解决问题的方法。
我会抓住每一个机会，努力实现我的目标。
总体而言，尽管生活在大城市的成本比农村要高，但我认为我得到的回报也更多。
我的父母为了我的教育做出了很多牺牲，所以我要努力改变我的生活，让他们感到骄傲。
我会永远感激他们为我所做的一切，并对他们的期望有个好的回应。
解析：这篇文章主要讲述了一个人从农村到城市接受更好教育的经历，并表达了他对父母的感激和自己对未来的期望。
CET4语法考点全解析
CET4语法考点全解析在准备英语四级考试的过程中，语法一直是考生们比较头疼的一个部分。
由于语法知识点众多，考试时往往容易混淆，因此，了解并掌握每个语法考点是非常重要的。
本文将对CET4考试中常见的语法考点进行全面解析，帮助考生在备考中有针对性地进行复习。
一、冠词冠词是英语中一种常见的虚词，包括定冠词“the”和不定冠词“a/an”。
定冠词“the”表示特指，常用于特定的人、事物或概念；不定冠词“a/an”表示泛指，常用于不特定的人、事物或概念。
在考试中，考生需要注意正确使用冠词，避免使用错误或遗漏。
二、时态英语时态是考试中的重要考点之一，主要包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。
考生需要根据句意和语境选择正确的时态，避免时态错误导致句子不通顺或不符合语法规则。
三、名词名词是英语中一种表示事物、人或概念的词汇，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
在考试中，考生需要注意名词的单复数形式、所有格形式以及名词性从句的使用，避免在句子中出现名词错误。
四、动词动词是英语中一种表示行为或状态的词汇，主要包括一般动词、情态动词、动词的时态和语态等。
在考试中，考生需要注意动词的时态和语态的正确使用，避免主谓不一致或动词形式错误。
五、代词代词是英语中一种用来代替名词或其他词汇的词汇，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。
在考试中，考生需要注意代词的正确使用，避免在句子中出现代词错误或误解。
六、连接词连接词是英语中一种用来连接句子、短语或词汇的词汇，包括并列连词、从属连词和连接副词等。
在考试中，考生需要注意连接词的使用，保持句子逻辑性和通顺性。
七、介词介词是英语中一种用来表示位置、方向或关系的词汇，包括时间介词、地点介词和方式介词等。
在考试中，考生需要注意介词的正确使用，避免在句子中出现介词错误或误解。
总结：通过上述对CET4语法考点的全面解析，考生可以更好地理解和掌握英语语法知识，提高语法水平和应试能力。
CET-4语法详解
CET-4语法一、动词语态详解语态是动词的一种形式，它用来表示句中主语同谓语动词之间的关系。
英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。
例如：1.I have repaired the radio.我修好了收音机。
2.The radio has been repaired.收音机被修好了。
3.The students cleaned the classroom.学生们打扫了教室。
4.The classroom was cleaned by the students.教室被学生们打扫了。
被动语态的构成：be + 过去分词1.A building was damaged by the storm.暴风雨毁坏了一座建筑物。
2.Our plate was made in China.我们的盘子是中国生产的。
3.My bike was stolen.我的自行车被盗了。
常用的被动语态的时态变化如下，以ask 为例：现在I am asked, I am being asked, I have been asked过去I was asked,I was being asked,I had been asked将来I shall be asked, I shall have been asked过去将来I shall be asked被动语态的疑问句是把助动词提前到句首。
1.Has your TV set been repaired?你的电视机修了吗?2.Was the kite broken?风筝破了吗?3.Has the work been done?工作结束了吗?被动语态的否定式是在助动词后面加not.1.The letter has not been sent out.信还没有发出去。
2.The little boy has not been found out.小孩还没有找到。
四级翻译真题及答案解析
四级翻译真题及答案解析四级翻译考试是中国大学英语四级考试（CET-4）中的一部分，旨在考察考生的翻译能力。
它是考生检验自己在翻译第二外语方面的水平的机会。
本文将对四级翻译部分的真题及答案进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解翻译考试的要求和技巧。
在四级翻译真题中，题目通常涉及到社会、文化、教育等不同领域的内容。
考生需要在规定的时间内将一段汉语材料翻译成英语。
为了更好地完成翻译任务，考生需要具备一定的词汇量、语法知识和一定的翻译技巧。
对于理解原文，考生首先需要通读材料，理解材料的含义、主题以及重点。
可以根据上下文和语境来推测某些词语的含义。
同时，考生还需要留意一些复杂句和长句，理解其中的逻辑关系和语法结构。
在进行翻译时，考生需要注意句子的结构、语法和词汇的准确性。
句子的语序和修辞手法在翻译时也需要保持一致，并尽量保持原文的风格和表达方式。
同时，考生还需要注意使用适当的翻译技巧，如意译、借译、拆译等，以便更好地表达原文的含义。
尽量避免使用生硬的直译，以免造成语句不通顺的问题。
在解析答案时，考生需要参考一些范文，同时注意自己的翻译是否能够准确表达原文的意思，并保持语法和语境的完整性。
同时，考生还需要注意一些常见的错误，如词汇用词不准确、语法错误以及篇章结构混乱等问题。
当考生解析答案时，可以先将自己的翻译与范文进行对照，看看自己与范文的差距和不足之处，并进行适当的修改和调整。
同时还可以参考一些翻译教材和词典，积累更多的词汇和翻译技巧。
通过参加四级翻译考试并进行答案解析，考生可以提升自己的翻译技能和水平。
同时，解析答案还可以帮助考生了解四级翻译考试的难度、要求和考察的内容，为下一次的考试做好准备。
总之，四级翻译考试对于考生的英语翻译能力提出了一定的要求。
参加考试并进行答案解析有助于考生提升自己的英语翻译能力和水平。
希望本文的解析内容可以给考生带来一些启示和帮助。
通过不断的学习和练习，相信考生一定能够在四级翻译考试中取得好成绩。
大学英语四级考试考点词汇及真题解析（1）_四六级_
大学英语四级考试考点词汇及真题解析（1）Aabsorb vt.吸收；使专心【搭配】be absorbed in专心于【考题】She was so in her job that she didn't hear anybody knocking at the door.A）attracted B）absorbed C）drawn D）concentrated（1996.1/25/B）【译文】她工作如此专心以致于没听见有人敲门。
abuse vt.滥用；虐待n.滥用【考题】It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A）employ B）take C）abuse D）overlook（1996.6/34/C）【译文】据透露，一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利益。
accomplish v.达到；完成【考题】The project，by the end of 2000，willexpand the city's telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users.A）accomplished B）being accomplishedC）to be accomplished D）having been accomplished（1999.6/68/C）【译文】预计在2000年前完成的这项工程将扩大该市的电话网至1，000，000用户。
account n.账；账户v.说明……原因【搭配】on account of 为了……的缘故，因为take...into account 考虑到【考题】I'd his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community，and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A）take into account B）account forC）make up for D）make out（2000.1/63/A）【译文】我得向社区的其他的农户和商人们了解他的信誉，然后再决定是否同意他的贷款请求。
2020年-2023年CET4大学英语四级翻译历年真题加解析
2018-2023大学英语四级翻译真题及解析汇总2018年6月公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。
许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。
车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。
然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
Bus used to be a main mode of transportation for Chinese people. In recent years, with the mounting number of private cars, the transportation issue in cities is becoming increasingly severe. Many cites have been making their efforts to improve the bus service in order to encourage more people to take buses when going out. The facilities of buses are updating continually. The speed is significantly improved as well. Nevertheless, bus fares are still quite low. Nowadays, local senior citizens in most cities are eligible for free bus rides.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘坐飞机出行。
他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。
四级翻译真题及解析
真题:1、Frankly speaking, I’d rather you didn’t do anything(不采取任何措施) aboutit for the time being.解析：would/had rather 后接从句，从句谓语动词用过去式表虚拟；如果直接接动词，则为动词原形。
2、In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives playindispensable roles(起着不可或缺的作用) in raising children.解析：play a role in sth./doing sth. 意为“在……中起作用” role 可用part 代替。
3、John seems a nice person. Even so(即使这样), I don’t trust him.even so 是一个副词短语，意为“即使如此”注意：even though 为连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，即使……也”。
4、The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,are beingdeveloped（正在研制）and perfected now.用现在进行时的被动语态翻译。
5、What a lovely party! It’s worth remembering all my life(牢记一生).be worth 后接doing (sth.)注意：worthy 的用法为：worthy of doing (sth.)6、Though you stay in the sea for weeks, you will not lose touch with (失去联系)the outside world.解析：另外keep in contact/touch with “保持联系”contact做动词时后不需跟with. e.g.: Is there a phone number where Ican contact you?7、Cancer is second only to（仅次于）heart disease as a cause of death. be second only to (仅次于) second to none (首屈一指)8、It is a pity that we should stay at home when we have such fine weather（这么好的天气）.weather 为不可数名词，用such修饰。
大学英语四级(CET-4)真题及答案解析
2012年6月16日大学英语新四级(CET-4)考试全真试题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words butno more than 180 words.1. 目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2. 出现这一现象的原因3. 我对这一现象的看法和建议Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing.Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency, a greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构), the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students. SAT scores began dropping in 1963; today, on average, 30 percent of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50 percent in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards embodied in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary (and some middle) schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been fostered, in part, by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools—most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade.About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago, Milwaukee and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No. 1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet, with 383, which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery, such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most conspicuous of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same sprawling grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif., is one of those, ranking No. 423—among the top 2 percent in the country—on NEWSWEEK's annual ranking of America's top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first NEWSWEEK list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full NEWSWEEK list of the top 5 percent of schools nationally, available on , had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.Although many of Hillsdale's students came from affluent households, by the late 1990s average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname "Hillsjail." Jeff Gilbert, a Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, "How did that student graduate?"So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three "houses," romantically designated Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly assigned to one of the houses, where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system fosters was reinforced by the institution of "advisory" classes. Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bullying and bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students' success. "We're constantly talking about one another's advisees, " says English teacher Chris Crockett. "If you hear that yours isn't doing well in algebra, or see them sitting outside the dean's office, it's like a personal failure." Along with the new structure came a more rigorous academic program; the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95. "It was rough for some, but by senior year, two thirds have moved up to physics," says Gilbert. "Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them." But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was compiled this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams: Cambridge, International Baccalaureate and Advanced Placement. We count the total number of these tests taken at a school by all students each May, and divide by the number of graduating seniors. Any school with a ratio of 1.000 or higher is placed on the NEWSWEEK list. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it's easy for readers to understand, 大家网深情奉献！/forum-58-1.html版权所有，侵权必究！and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they'd like.Ranking schools within the list is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation. "It is impossible to know which high schools are 'the best' in the nation," their letter read, in part. "Determining whether different schools do or don't offer a high quality of education requires a look at many different measures, including students' overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college, and taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities."In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. (A list of all the schools can be found on , along with a list of elite schools, whose lack of average students disqualified them from the main list.) There is, in our view, no real dispute here; we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps, a list won't be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2022年12月大学英语四级CET4真题写作与翻译
2022年12月大学英语四级真题写作与翻译Writing1.The necessity of developing social skills for college students2.the importance of developing a healthy lifestyle among college students3.the role of physical exercise in achieving success at collegeTranslation1.立春(Start of Spring)在中国农历中表示春天的开始。
立春之后，白天变得更长，天气也愈发温暖:万物开始复苏，大地充满生机。
人们常说。
一年之计在于春”，农民在这个时节开始搔种，男全年的丰收打下基础。
中国人早在三千年前就已开始在立春这一天半行庆祝活动。
数百年来，迎春一直是民间的重要习俗。
在春暖花开的日子里，人们常常外出游玩，欣赏春天的美景2.冬至是全年白昼最长，黑夜最短的一天，标志着一年中最寒冷时节的开始。
东至过后，气温越来越低，人们户外活动逐渐减少，农民地里的活不多，主要忙于灌溉系统的维护和主要农作物的防冻，同时为来年春天播种做准备。
中国人历年来很重视冬至，许多地方都把冬至当作一个节日，庆祝方式不尽相同北方人有冬至吃饺子的习俗，南方人有冬至吃汤圆的传统3.在中国农历中，立秋(Start ofAutumn)意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始，立秋带来的首先是天气的变化，气温逐渐下降。
人们看到树叶开始变黄飘落时，知道秋天已经来临，这就是所谓的“一叶知秋”。
但此时酷热的天气并未完全结束，高温通常还会持续一段时间，被称为“秋老虎立秋对农民意义重大，这时各种秋季作物迅速生长、开始成熟，收获的季节即将到来。
四级真题满分翻译答案解析
四级真题满分翻译答案解析翻译是英语四级考试中的一道重要题型，对于考生来说是一个难点和挑战。
解答这道题目不仅需要具备一定的词汇和语法基础，还需要对句子结构和语境的理解能力。
下面将针对四级真题中的一道翻译题进行答案解析，帮助考生理解其中的技巧和要点。
原文如下："请勿在室内吸烟。
违者罚款200元。
"首先，我们需要理解原文的意思。
原文意思是“Please do not smoke indoors. Violators will be fined 200 yuan.”下面将对每个句子进行解析和翻译。
句子1：“请勿在室内吸烟。
”这个句子的主干是“请勿吸烟。
”我们需要注意的是“请勿”是一种较为正式的表达方式，可以翻译为“Please do not。
”“在室内”是一个地点的描述，可以翻译为“indoors”。
整个句子的翻译为“Please do not smoke indoors.”句子2：“违者罚款200元。
”这个句子的主干是“违者罚款。
”我们需要注意的是“违者”表示违反规定的人，可以翻译为“violators”。
“罚款200元”表示违者要被罚款200元，可以直接翻译为“will be fined 200 yuan.”整个句子的翻译为“Violators will be fined 200 yuan.”综上，整个原文的翻译为“Please do not smoke indoors. Violators will be fined 200 yuan.”在进行翻译过程中，我们需要注意以下几个方面：1.准确理解原文的意思，对每个句子进行分析和把握主干。
2.注意词汇和语法的正确运用，避免翻译过程中的错误。
3.合理运用适当的表达方式，使翻译更加地道和符合英语表达习惯。
通过对这道翻译题的分析和解答，希望能够帮助考生提升翻译能力，更好地应对英语四级考试中的翻译题型。
同时也希望考生能够多加练习，提前熟悉真题的题型和难度，做好充分准备。
2020年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案(全15篇)
2020年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案（1）聘金(endowment)是中国传统习俗的一部分。
通常，新郎(bridegroom)需要给新娘家一笔钱作为聃礼来定下婚礼。
但是近几年来其标准不断上升,致使大多数家庭都很难达到。
快速上涨的生活成本是聘金增加的主要原因。
对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。
因此，许多新婚夫妇都只能向父母求助。
表达难点1.第2句中的“作为聘礼”在汉译英时，可以顺承前面一句“聘金”而省略不译。
“来定下婚礼”表目的，故将其译作状语to fix a marriage。
2.第3句“……不断上升，致使大多数家庭都很难达到”表因果关系，可用so...that...结构来表达，“某人很难做某事”英语对应的表达为sb. finds it difficult to do sth，此句可译为...have become so high... that a majority of families are finding it difficult to meet them。
3.翻译第4句“快速上涨的生活成本是聘金增加的主要原因”时，如果按照原主干“生活成本是主要原因译，则不能很好表达出原句强调“上涨”的利害关系，故转换结构，用“快速上涨”作主语用介词短语in the living cost 作定语。
4.倒数第2句中的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难”是一个表转折的并列句。
但通过分析发现，“这一切”指代前半句内容，故可用which引导非限制性定语从句将前后分句联系起来，以避免不必要的信息重复，这样句子更加简洁紧凑。
“物价的不断上涨”处理成原因状语because of the constantly rising prices 置后，使句子表达清晰流畅。
参考译文Endowment is part of Chinese tradition. Usually, a bridegroom needs to pay a certain amount of money to the bride's family to fix a marriage. But the standards have become so high in recent years that a majority of families are finding it difficult to meet them. The rapid rise in the living cost is the main reason for the increase of endowment. For most young people, marriage means setting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices. Consequently, many newly married couples turn to their parents for help.2020年大学英语四级考试翻译试题及答案（2）中国结(Chinese knot)是中国文化的典型代表之一。
4级真题翻译及答案解析
4级真题翻译及答案解析【文章的主题：】在大学学习英语的过程中，许多学生都会面临到英语四级考试这一挑战。
作为测试学生英语能力的标准化考试，四级考试中的翻译部分常常是令人头疼的一关。
今天，我们将就四级真题中的翻译部分进行一些实例分析和答案解析，帮助学生们更好地应对这一部分的考试内容。
一、篇章综合翻译：篇章综合翻译是四级考试翻译部分的常见题型之一，要求考生根据所给的一篇英文短文进行整篇的翻译。
下面让我们以一篇真实的四级翻译题为例，进行分析和解析：原文如下：注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Important Note:Answer the questions you have chosen to your answer sheet 2.In the future, point-to-point communication will be king. We will be able to share our lives with anyone, no matter where they are. Mobile society is the driving force behind this new development.The ability to communicate from anywhere is the most essential aspect of our mobile lives. Innovation does away with limitations, and takes a leap into greater convenience in communication.The future belongs to mobile communication. Everyone will be a part of it. The more friends you have on the network, the more effectively you will be able to use mobile communication technology.翻译：答案：未来，点对点通信将至关重要。
四级语法翻译真题答案解析
四级语法翻译真题答案解析一、定语从句在四级语法翻译中，定语从句是比较常见的考点之一。
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，一般由关系代词或关系副词引导。
常见的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
定语从句的引导词：that & which定语从句中最常用的引导词是that和which。
that在从句中没有具体的指代作用，一般用于先行词为人或物时，不可用于修饰人的先行词；which可以用于人和物，它在从句中具有指代的作用。
例如：The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，that/which引导的从句修饰先行词the book，具体指代了我昨天买的那本书。
定语从句的引导词：who & whom & whosewho用来指人，并且在定语从句中做主语，而whom用来指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
而whose用来指人或物，在定语从句中表示所属关系。
例如：This is the girl who/whom I met yesterday.（这是我昨天见到的女孩。
）在这个句子中，who/whom引导的从句修饰先行词the girl，具体指代了我昨天见到的那个女孩。
二、时态在四级语法翻译中，时态是另一个常见的考点。
正确的时态使用能使句子更加准确、流畅。
以下是几个常见时态的使用规则：一般现在时：表示客观事实、经常性动作或习惯性动作、科学原理等。
例如：Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.（水在100摄氏度沸腾。
）一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或事件。
例如：I visited my grandparents last weekend.（我上周末去看望了我的祖父母。
）一般将来时：表示将来会发生的动作或事件。
小学四级翻译真题答案解析
小学四级翻译真题答案解析小学四级英语考试是中国小学生的一次重要的英语考试，对于学生们来说，翻译题一直是挑战最大的部分之一。
这个部分要求学生将给定的中文句子翻译成英文，考察学生的语法、词汇和句型运用能力。
下面我们将对一道小学四级翻译题进行解答和分析，帮助大家更好地掌握这个考点。
假设题目是：“请把下列句子翻译成英文：爷爷正在花园里种花。
”这是一个典型的翻译题，需要我们将给定的中文句子准确地翻译成英文。
首先，我们要注意到这个句子的时间和动作的描述。
爷爷正在花园里种花，说明动作正在进行，这是一个现在进行时的句子。
因此，我们需要用到英文中的现在进行时来翻译。
接下来，我们考虑该如何翻译“正在花园里种花”这个部分。
根据语法规则，我们需要使用动词+副词+介词的结构来表达这个意思。
动词是“种花”，副词是“正在”，介词是“在”。
所以，我们可以将这个部分翻译成“is planting flowers in the garden”。
然后，我们考虑如何翻译“爷爷”这个词。
根据句子中的描述，我们可以使用“grandfather”来表示爷爷。
所以整个句子的翻译结果可以是：“Grandfather is planting flowers in the garden”。
通过上面的分析，我们可以看到，这个问题的关键在于理解句子的时态和动作的描述。
只有理解了句子的含义，才能准确地翻译出来。
在翻译的过程中，我们可以参考一些语法规则和常用的词汇，这样才能更好地完成翻译任务。
除了这个具体的例子，我们还可以看到，在小学四级英语考试中，翻译题往往会涉及到一些日常生活的话题，比如家庭、学校、和朋友等。
这也是为了让学生们在熟悉的话题中更好地运用所学的语法和词汇。
总之，小学四级英语考试中的翻译题对学生的语法、词汇和句型运用能力要求比较高。
在解答翻译题时，我们需要理解句子的含义，掌握好时态和动作的描述，同时要参考一些基本的语法规则和常用的词汇。
只有通过不断的练习和积累，我们才能在小学四级英语考试中取得好的成绩。
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2012年6月1.Those flowers looked as if they hadn’t been watered for quite a longtime.As if 的用法：通常都要用虚拟语气，表示与现在的情况相反；但表示的情况是事实或极有可能是事实是则用陈述句语气。
有关情态动词的语法：情态动词 (Model Verbs) 又称为情态助动词 (Model Auxil-iaries).英语中助动词主要有两类:一是基本助动词,如have, do, be;二是情态助动词,如may, must, need等.情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气.情态动词可表达建议,要求,可能和意愿等.情态动词没有人称和数的变化.在大学英语四,六级考试中,情态动词部分重点测试以下内容:(1)情态动词+行为动词完成式(2)情态动词+行为动词进行式(3)情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(4)某些情态动词的特殊用法一,情态动词+行为动词完成式情态动词+行为动词完成式即"情态动词+ have + v-ed分词",表示对过去行为或动作进行推测,评论或判断.1. must have v-edmust have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"一定"发生了.其否定形式为:can't / couldn't have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事.例如:1) Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.2) You couldn't have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.2. could have v-edcould have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作"很可能"发生了.例如:1)"The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it？"2)"Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday."3.may / might have v-edmay / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事"也许"发生了.may 比might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些.例如:I can't find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-edought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn't have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示"责备","不满",分别表示"本应该…"和"本不应该…".例如:1) With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.2) You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.5. needn't have v-edneedn't have v-ed 表示过去做了某事,但没有做的必要, 意为"本没必要…".例如:You needn't have waken me up; I don't have to go to work today.注:表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时,就表示的可能性程度而言,must最大,could其次,may更次之,might最小.例如:"I wonder how Tom knew about your past.""He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary." 二,情态动词+行为动词进行式情态动词+行为动词进行式(即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式),表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行.例如:1) He must be playing basketball in the room.2) She may be staying at home.三,情态动词+行为动词完成进行式情态动词+行为动词完成进行式(即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式),表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行.例如:1) They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.2) He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.四,某些情态动词的特殊用法1. need考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别,对此,可参见表1.need 作情态动词时,后面跟不带to 的动词不定式,即 "need do".通常用在疑问句和否定句中,表示询问是否有"必要",其否定形式为needn't,表示"不必";疑问形式为Need … do 极少用于肯定句.例如:1) I don't think we need turn the light on at that time.2) Need you ride a bike to the school?真题：2011年6月Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she______________________.(能被分配做另一项工作)2012年6月It is suggested that the air conditioner ______________.(要安装在窗户旁)should的型虚拟语气，表示主观愿望的词。
2009年12月You would not have failed if you ___________.(按照我的指令去做)（if型虚拟语气）2009年6月If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _________________.(就不会被大雨淋了)2012年6月This TV program is quite boring. We might________(不妨听听音乐)might as well 的用法2008年6月I can’t boot my computer now. Something ______(一定出了毛病)with its operation system._________________(给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.(what 引导的主语从句，及impress) They requested that ________________(我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.(宾语从句，定语从句，虚拟语气)关于名词性从句的语法：名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句,其功同名词一样.一.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾.1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如:It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that broke the window.2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+从句It is a fact that … 事实是…It is an honor that …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识(2) it is +形容词+从句It is natural that… 很自然…It is strange that… 奇怪的是…(3) it is +不及物动词+从句It seems that… 似乎…It happened that… 碰巧…(4) it +过去分词+从句It is reported tha t… 据报道…It has been proved that… 已证实…It is said that…据说3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如:It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)(4) It doesn't matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如:It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter. (wrong)(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening (right)Is that will rain in the evening likely (wrong)4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然.例如:1) What you said yesterday is right.2) That she is still alive is a consolation.二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后.1. 作动词的宾语(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略),例如:I heard that he had joined the army.(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如:1) She did not know what had happened.2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句.例如:She told me that she would accept my invitation.2. 作介词的宾语例如:Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3. 作形容词的宾语例如:I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake.That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等.也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句.4. It 可以作为形式宾语It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中. 例如:We heard it that she would get married next month..5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等.这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句.例如:I admire their winning the match. (right)I admire that they won the match. (wrong)6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可用于"动词+间接宾语+that从句"结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等.例如:He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)7. 否定的转移若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式.例如:I don't think this dress fits you well.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿.)三.表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是"主语+连系动词+表语从句".可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等.引导表语从句的that常可省略.另外,常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构.例如:1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in sucha short time.2) This is why we can't get the support of the people3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the earlybus.四.同位语从句同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句.1. 同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that 引导,例如:1) The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.2. 同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开.例如:He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分.(2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明.例如:1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国.)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的.)(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分)真题：2009年6月_________(很多人没有意识到的)is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular.(主语从句)2008年6月Leaving one’s job, _________(不管是什么工作)，is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.(非名词性从句，状语从句，陈述句语序)2008年12月_______(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems_______________(他们至今还没有答案)answer to, 定语从句2007年12月I am going to pursue this course, __________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲)状语从句，sacrifice.In my sixties, one change I notice is that I am _________(我比以前更容易累了)表语从句，be likely to.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department storebecause_______________(它更加方便和省时)原因状语从句，time-saving convenient.Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的)，not how much they can earn.名词性从句做介词宾语，measure2011年6月The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _________(也没有解释什么)平行结构一,连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also), rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构.1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致例1:He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter. 例2:Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致例1:Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class.例2:We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.例3:I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致例1:Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.例2:He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.4.所连接的句子结构必须一致例1:She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.例2:The purpose of the research had a more different meaning forthem than it did for us.二,某些特定的固定结构.例如:(1)有些词后要用平行结构.例如:prefer sth to sthprefer doing sth to doing sthprefer to do sth rather than do sth1) I prefer rice to noodles.2)I prefer watching TV to listening to music.3) He preferred to die rather than surrender.(2)有些结构中要用平行结构.例如:would / had rather / sooner do something than do something, would / had as soon do something as do something (宁可……也不……)1) Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.2) I would as soon stay at home as go.特别注意(1)"so +助动词+主语".例如:"Mary will enter the university in September." "So will Joan."（某人也这样）Mary will not enter the university in September. Nor will Joan.(某人也不怎样，倒装)(2)"so +主语+助动词".例如:"I've been to Beijing." "So you have." （某人确实怎样）Mary looks beautiful. So she is.注:这种结构中第二句的主语与第一句的主语是同一个人,否则应像"so +助动词+主语"的结构一样,主谓要倒装.真题：2010年6月The manager never laughed; neither _____________(她也从来没有发过脾气)倒装， lose one’s temper定语从句语法用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句.一.词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词主语Who which that主语Whom which that宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1:This is the detective who came from London.例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2.关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which.例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom.例如: (3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略.例如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念.在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思是与and this 相似,并可以指人.例如:He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.(5) that可指人或物,在从句中作表语,(指人作主语时多用who)仅用于限制性定语从句中.(6) which可作表语,既可指人,以可指物.指人时,一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征.品性或才能的人.Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的.(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体,关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员,则用who.(8) 先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that.例如:The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom,不用which.例如:Is there anyone here who will go with you3."介词+关系代词"是一个普遍使用的结构(1) "介词+关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句."介词+关系代词"结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等,关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that .You can see the table on which there is a pen.Hohai is a very beautiful university in which a great number of trees and flowers are smiling.(2) from where为"介词+关系副词"结构,但也可以引导定语从句.例如:We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词,在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开.例如:This is the boy whom she has taken care of.二.关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句关系副词在从句中分别表示时间.地点或原因.关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语,where 充当地点状语,why充当原因状语.2. that可引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因That有时可以代替关系副词when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因,在that引导的这种定语从句中,that也可以省去.三.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1.二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词,同先行词这间一般不加逗号,仅修饰先行词,可以由关系代词.关系副词或that来引导.非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明,用逗号与主句隔开,既可修饰先行词,又可修饰整个主句,不可用that引导.2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词,作主语.宾语或表语的可选用关系代词.3. 先行词与定语从句隔离定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分,构成先行词与定语从句的隔离.例如:1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..2) He was the only person in this country who was invited四.As在定语从句中的用法1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1)as多与such 或the same连用,可以代替先行词是人或物的名词.(2)as 也可单独使用,引导非限制性定语从句,作用相当于which.例如:The elephant's nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.2.As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活,可以位于主句前面.中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开,但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后.例如:(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.倒装：在so, nor, neither或no more开头的句子中此类句子通常表示前面一句话中的谓语所说明的情况,也适用于另一句中的主语.例如:1) This problem is not difficult and neither is that one.2) Coal is under the ground in some places, and so is oil.在以具有否定意义的副词,连词及词组开头的句子中这些词和词组通常有:rarely, never, scarcely, no sooner, little, few, hardly, seldom, at no time, in no way, on no account, nowhere, nobody, not only等.例如:1) Visit our stores. Nowhere else will you find such magnificent bargains.2) Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang.3) Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.4) Little did we think his speech had made so deep an impression on his audience.当句首状语为方位词或拟声词,谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动词时句子须倒装.例如:1) Up went the plane.2) In came the chairman and the meeting began.注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装.例如:1) They rushed out!2)He bent lower and lower.(2) 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装.例如:1) Round the corner walked a large policeman.2) Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man.(3)当句首状语由"only +副词","only +介词词组","only +状语从句"构成时,句子须倒装.例如:1) Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.2) Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.真题：2008年6月______(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. Not until 的句型，mission,过去完成时2008年12月The anti-virus agent was not known _______(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)not until, by chance其他考点：1.have difficulty in doing sth.2010年6月Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty ________(集中注意力在实验上)focus on / concentrate on, experiment2.Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found thathe had__________(很难跟班里的同学)in math and English.Compared with 与…相比2008年6月_______(与我成长的地方相比)，this town is more prosperous and exciting.Apply to 应用于2008年6月Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research _______(能应用于新技术的开发)Be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事2009年6月It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are __________(更有可能增加体重)2009年12月The more exercise you take, ________(你越不可能得感冒)Be said to do sth. 据说…2007年12月In my sixties, one change I notice is that_________(我比以前更累了)2010年12月The magnificent museum ________(据说建成于)about a hundred years ago.Be related to sth. 与…相关Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事Keep pace with sth. 与…保持同步The more…the more 越…越…In order to do sth. 为了做某事At the risk of sth. 冒着…的危险Persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事Decide to do sth. 决定做某事In case of sth. 以防In case that 以防2012年6月Fred bought a car last week. It is ________(比我车子便宜一千英镑)He left his office in a hurry, with __________(灯亮着，门开着)The famous novel is said to ______________(已经被译成了多种语言)完成时态。