园林植物种植设计分析(英文)
园林常用中英文对照-自己整理
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项目背景分析Project Background1。
1 规划用地分析Analysis of land use planning1.2 区位及项目背景分析Location and project background1.3 场地现状分析Venues situation analysis1.4 项目定位Project orientation1。
5 项目设计说明description of project design总图部分General Plan section2。
1 总平面图general plan/layout2。
2 总平面示意图total schematic plan2.3 功能分区和交通分析图Functional zoning and traffic analysis chart分区大样部分Large parts of the partition sample3。
1 设计手法展示Design techniques3.2 参考意向Intention3.3 主入口部分节点放大意向图Main entrance node amplify intention3.4 次入口部分节点放大意向图Part time entrance node enlargement intention3.5 景观元素意向图The elements of landscape intention3.6 植物配置分析Plant configuration analysis3.7 植物配置意向图Plant configuration intention儿童嬉水池Children Water Play特色凉亭/栏杆/雕塑/灯笼/景墙Typical/Feature [Pavilion/ Fence/Sculpture/Lantern/Wall 木质平台Wooden Platform棋牌活动中心Board Games Area汀步Step Stone木平台Wood Deck草坪Lawn功能分区图Functional Zoning交通分析图Traffic Analysis标高分析图Level Analysis景观节点图Nodes Analysis剖面图Section主入口Main Entrance次入口Secondary Entrance人行道Sidewalk车行道Driveway观景方向/视线方向Direction Of View视线轴线View Corridor绿化缓冲带Green Buffer保安亭Guard House中心广场Central Plaza停车场区Parking Area用地红线Site Limits游客中心Visitor Center图例Legend容积率coverage城市设计urban design; civic design区域规划regional planning步行轴ped axis总体规划general planning;master planning分区规划district planning近期建设规划immediate plan城市详细规划detailed planning控制性详细规划control detailed planning修建性详细规划site plan居住区规划residential district planning城市化urbanization城市生态urban ecology可持续发展sustainable development历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment开发区development area城市化水平urbanization level城市群agglomeration城镇体系urban system卫星城satellite town城市基础设施urban infrastructure居民点settlement市municipality; city生态基础设施ecological infrastructure牧场pasture市域administrative region of a city商业区commercial district行政中心administration center商业街commercial street科技园technological region校园规划campus planning城市中心区urban center district居住单元flat历史地段history district民政区域civil district水警区waters guard district居住区规划residential district planning护林区ranger district工业区industrial district林木种子公园tree seed orchard快速公路thruway城市美学urban esthetics游憩空间esplanade系统工程systems engineering城市更新理论urban renewal theory绿地/绿化带greenbelt绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage绿地率ratio of green space工厂绿化landscaping within factory广场绿化landscaping of square居住区绿化landscaping of residential area谷底植栽场improved vegetation & wild life公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building 室内绿化indoor garden城市绿化urban virescence城市绿化系统urban green space system公共绿地public green space专用绿地specified green space防护绿地green buffer建筑空间architecture剧院show place; theater茶楼(馆)caff;tea shop专卖店monopolistic shop博物馆museum电影院cinema;movie house商场emporium; shopping mall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callan house;children’s palace图书馆library棋牌室relaxation room健身房gymnasium书店book store客厅parlor阳台balcony浴室bathroom橱柜cabinet合院式建筑courtyard building餐厅dining—room;dining hall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kid room儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse起居室living room门廊porch更衣室change room休息室pavilion私家花园private garden居民resident共享地带shared zone工人房servants hall比例scale元素element会议中心conference center园林景观view of the garden乔木arbor灌木shrub铺石band stone地下车库car park bellow曲线形铺地curved paving bands庭园cartilage; Garth标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard瀑布fall步道footpath园桥garden bridge园林garden and park草本植物herbage藤本植物liane蔓本植物liana砌石natural cut stone铺地pave亭,阁pavilion榭pavilion on terrace植被planting花坛planting beds大广场plaza台platform栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台timber deck草坪turf;grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地区waterfront茶亭tea house木亭log cabin遮阳亭shade structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1。
景观专业英语常用术语
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目录Content设计说明Design Concept总平面Master Plan功能分析Function Analysis交通分析Traffic Analysis空间分析Space Analysis竖向分析Elevation Analysis景观分析Landscape Analysis立面图一Elevation 1手绘透视图一Hand-Drawing Perspective 1商业街透视图Commercial Street Perspective 游泳池透视图Swimming Pool Perspective立面Elevation剖面Section公共设施示意图public facility Images铺装示意图Paving Images植物示意图Plants Images景观结构分析图Structure Analysis材料样板图Materials Sample Production常用术语1. 目录:Contents2. 设计说明:Design Concept3. 构思草图:Sketch of Concept4. 主题:Theme5. 总平面:Master plan6. 景观分析图:Landscape Analysis7. 功能分析图:Function analysis8. 竖向分析图:Elevation analysis9. 消防交通分析图:E.V.A traffic analysis10. 人行交通分析图:Pedestrian traffic analysis11. 主入口平面图:Major Entry plan12. 主入口透视图:Major Entry perspective13. 休闲广场平面图:Relaxed plaza Plan14. 休闲广场透视图:Relaxed Plaza Perspective15. 游泳池平面:Swimming Pool Plan16. 游泳池透视:Swimming Pool Perspective17. 儿童活动区平面:Playground plan forchildren18. 儿童活动区透视:Playground Perspective19. 娱乐设施参考图片:Entertainment equipment20. 凉亭广场:Plaza With Pavilion21. 商业街:Commercial Street22. 地下车库入口:Basement Garage Entry23. 植物色彩意向图:Color of Plants Images24. 乔木参考图:Arbor Images25. 灌木参考图:Shrubbery Images 26. 草坪:lawn27. 小品设施参考图片:Ornament Images28. 材料参考图片:Material Images29. 灯光参考图片:Lighting Images30. 断面图:Section31. 局部平面:Partial Plan32. 水系分析:Water System Analysis33. 效果及断面索引图:Index of Pers & Sect34. 入口景观区:Feature Entry Area35. 公共休闲区:Public Area for Relaxing36. 动态活动区:Motion Activity Area37. 静态活动区:Passive Activity Area38. 商业景观区:Commercial Feature Area39. 架空层景观区:Built on Stilts Feature Area40. 消防车道:E.V.A Road41. 隐形消防车道:Invisible E.V.A Road42. 消防登高面:E.V.A Area43. 园路:Garden Path44. 步行道:Pedestrian Road45. 车行道:Vehicle Road46. 商业人流人行方向:Commercial Stream ofPeople47. 鸟瞰:Birds View48. 生态:Ecological49. 现代的:Modern50. 庭院:Courtyard51. 欧式风格:Ecological52. 中庭:Atrium53. 汀步:Step54. 亲水木栈道:Waterfront Pier55. 传统人文区:Traditional Humanist CultureArea56. 装饰柱:feature column57. 下沉广场:Sink Plaza58. 舞台:Stage59. 高差:Level60. 雕塑:Sculpture61. 码头:Dock62. 观景平台:View Deck63. 水景:Waterscape64. 铺装:Pavement65. 喷泉:fountain66. 跳泉:Jets67. 瀑布:Waterfall68. 林荫:avenue69. 景墙:Feature Wall70. 花架:Trellis71. 跌水:Cascade72. 张拉膜:Tensile Membrane73. 砾石:gravel74. 卵石:Pebble75. 中心广场:Centre Plaza76. 酒店:Hotel1. 医院:hospital2. 国际购物中心:International Mall3. 视觉上的舒适感:Visual amenity4. 重大的项目:Critical Timber Deck5. 凸地木质平台:Raised Timber Desk6. 棕榈树:Palm tree7. 幼儿园:Kindergarten8. 东南西北:East .South. .West .North9. 绿化:green10. 胡洞:alleyway11. 桥:bridge12. 曲桥:Arched bridge13. 垃圾筒:garbage Can14. 指示牌:Direction Signage /logo15. 玻璃架:glass Structure16. 厕所:Toilet /W.C17. 柳树:Willow18. 莺:Warbler19. 薰衣草:lavender20. 铝窗:Aluminum Window21. 特色顶:Feature Roof22. 篱笆:Fence23. 自然环境:Nature Environment24. 走廊:Corridor25. 马路镶边石:Kerb26. 工程细部核对:Verify Engineer Detail27. 户外空间:Outside Spa28. 线条:Striation29. 位置:Position30. 风景区:Scenic Spot31. 近景观:Short View32. 远景观:long View33. 空间围合:Spatial Containment34. 棚:Shed35. 篷:Covering36. 翠竹林:Bamboo grove37. 湖:Lake38. 河:river39. 海:Ocean/ Sea 40. 岸:bank /seashore41. 溪:brook/ stream42. 人工湖:man-made Lake43. 假山:man-made Hill44. 主题公园:Theme Park45. 度假村:resort Village46. 水生植物:aquatic plants47. 水生动物:aquatic animal48. 博物馆:Museum49. 运动馆:gym50. 慢跑小径:Jogging Path51. 高尔夫场:golf spa&52. 彩色石:Color stone53. 塔:Tower54. 灯塔:Light Tower55. 标语:banner56. 座椅:Chair57. 水雾:Fog58. 城市生活情调:Urban life style59. 住宅小区:Residential Area60. 门:gate / Door61. 别墅:Villa62. 二期A:Phase 2nd A63. 高速公路:Highway64. 比例:Scale65. 阳伞:Parasol66. 轴线:axis67. 虚线:Imaginary axis68. 停车位:Parking Area69. 松树:Pine70. 大理石:Marble71. 花岗岩:granite72. 庆典:Ceremony73. 按摩池:Jacuzzi74. 钢:Steel75. 铁:iron76. 金:Gold77. 银:Silver78. 池塘:Pond79. 芦苇:Reed80. 枫叶:Maple leaf81. 铜:Copper82. 太极:Tai-chi83. 晨练场地:Do excises Place84. 尺寸:dimensional85. 篮球场地:basketball Area86. 足球场地:Soccer Area87. 网球场地:Ten is Area88. 羽毛球场地:Badminton Area89. 排球场地:volley ball90. 建筑方案:Architecture Pla n91. 详细的:Specific92. 艺术品:Artwork93. 软铺装:Soft Paving94. 硬铺装:hard paving95. 水车:Water wheel96. 水循环:water Circulation97. 当地历史:Local history98. 风土人情:Local Custom99. 互相影响:Integration100. 快艇:yacht101. 小岛:Island102. 家具:Furniture103. 叶片状:leaf Shape104. 中色调:neural color105. 风帆:sail106. 综合的:comprehensive107. 成果(设计):achievement108. 框架:frame109. 施工现场:construction site110. 施工图:construction plan111. 垃圾回收站:garbage transform112. 荷花池:lotus pool113. 保安区:guard house114. 售楼处:sell house115. 小龙舟:dragon boat116. 框景:frame for view117. 树冠和树枝:tree canopies and trunks118. 节点空间:threshold place119. 细节:detail120. 住宅区:residential area121. 清凉和安静:cool and clam122. 孤植树:isolated single tree123. 入口空间:entrance space124. 过渡空间:transition space125. 红线:boundary126. 扩初设计:development design127. 紫色:purple128.红、橙、蓝、绿、黄、灰:red, orange, blue, green , yellow ,grey129.庇护:refuge130.远望:vistas 131.视线:prospect医科大学第二附属医院The 2nd Subsidiary Hospital of Medical University2 通用术语2.O.1 园林学landscape architecture,garden architecture2.O.2 园林garden and park2.O.3 绿化greening,planting2.0.4 城市绿化urban greening,urban planting2.O.5 城市绿地urban green space3 城市绿地系统3.1 城市绿地3.1.1 公园绿地public park3.1.2 公园park3.1.3 儿童公园children park3.1.4 动物园zoo3.1.5 植物园botanical garden3.1.6 墓园cemetery garden3.1.7 盆景园penjng garden,miniature lands cape3.1.8 盲人公园park for the blind3.1.9 花园garden3.1.10 历史名园historical garden and park 3.1.11 风景名胜公园famous scenic park3.1.12 纪念公园memorial park3.1.13 街旁绿地roadside green space3.1.14 带状公园linear park3.1.15 专类公园theme park3.1.16 岩石园rock garden3.1.17 社区公园community park3.1.18 生产绿地productive plantation area 3.1.19 防护绿地green buffer,green area for environmental protection3.1.20 附属绿地attached green space3.1.21 居住绿地green space attached to ho using estate,residential green space3.1.22 道路绿地green space attached to ur ban road and square3.1.23 屋顶花园roof garden3.1.24 立体绿化vertical planting3.1.25 风景林地scenic forest land3.2.1 城市绿地系统urban green space syste m3.2.2 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning3.2.3 绿化覆盖面积green coverage3.2.4 绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery co verage3.2.5 绿地率greening rate,ratio of green sp ace3.2.6 绿带green belt3.2.7 楔形绿地green wedge3.2.8 城市绿线boundary line of urban green space4.1.1 园林史landscape history,garden histo ry4.1.2 古典园林classical garden4.1.3 囿hunting park4.1.4 苑imperial park4.1.5 皇家园林royal garden4.1.6 私家园林private garden4.1.7 寺庙园林monastery garden4.2.1 园林艺术garden art4.2.2 相地site investigation泛指对园址场地条件的勘察、体察、分析和利用。
园林设计图纸英文表达
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1.设计文本documentation设计说明design description / design brief概念规划concept planning规划结构planning structure总体规划master plan分区规划district planning (zone planning,area planning,division planning)控制性详细规划regulatory plan(controlled plan,detailed plan,controlled and detailed plan)修建性详细规划site plan(detailed planning for reconstruction,detailed reconstructive plan)2.设计图纸drawing schedule基地位置site location plan现状分析图existing site analysis plan土地利用分析图land use plan地块划分图parcel plan总平面图master plan交通分析图 traffic analysis plan车流分析图vehicular circulation plan人流分析图pedestrian circulation plan视线分析图view analysis plan建筑布局图building allocation plan竖向设计图vertical elevation plan种植设计图planting plan设计图plan平面图plan立面图elevation剖面图section透视图perspective / view鸟瞰图bird’s eye意向图image详图detail草图draft模型model比例scale局部…图part…3.技术经济指标technological and economic index 用地面积development Std / parcel area容积率floor area ratio绿地率open space ratio停车率parking ratio(stall per unit)水体面积water area道路面积road area建筑面积building area铺地面积paving area4.景观设施分类硬质铺地paving户外家具site furniture景观小品和构筑物landscape feature and structure休闲娱乐设施recreational amenities照明灯具landscape lighting休憩区bench / sitting area儿童游乐区children’s play area绿化系统 afforested system5.常用词图例legend附录appendix地块parcel入口entrance主入口main entrance次入口secondary entrance 停车场parking lot节点node标志landmark视线sight景亭pavilion跌水water cascade喷泉water fountain木平台timber deck观景平台viewing deck钓鱼平台fishing deck观景点view point / lookout 荷花池lotus pond围墙fence wall护栏fence档土墙retaining wall栏杆 railing栏杆的支柱baluster庭院courtyard楼梯stair台阶step儿童戏水池kid’s play pool幼儿园 kindergarten篮球场basketball courtyard警卫室/门卫gatehouse路面标高RL road level水面标高WL water level池底标高BOP bottom of pool主干道primary street / backbone street 次干道secondary street大道 thoroughfare滨水路waterway林荫道greenway / boulevard漫步道trail / pedestrian trail慢跑道jogging trail人行道pedestrian sidewalk森林小径forest walk木板道boardwalk 木板铺成的散步道退让绿化带green setback…景view to景观视线view line别墅villa联排别墅townhouse遮荫乔木canopy tree常绿乔木evergreen tree落叶乔木d eciduous tree开花乔木flowering tree灌木 shrub草坪lawn地被植物 ground cover plant运河canal半岛peninsular海湾gulf/bay海港 harbor船库 boathouse6.句式被作为.. / 定位为be envisioned to be。
(完整版)风景园林专业英语词汇
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园林景观专业英语词汇规划planning草图sketch;rough map平面plan剖面section立面elevation透视perspective示意图diagram容积率coverage城市设计urban design; civic design区域规划regional planning步行轴ped axis总体规划general planning; master planning分区规划district planning近期建设规划immediate plan城市详细规划detailed planning控制性详细规划control detailed planning修建性详细规划site plan居住区规划residential district planning城市化urbanization城市生态urban ecology可持续发展sustainable development历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment开发区development area城市化水平urbanization level城市群agglomeration城镇体系urban system卫星城satellite town城市基础设施urban infrastructure居民点settlement市municipality; city生态基础设施ecological infrastructure牧场pasture市域administrative region of a city商业区commercial district行政中心administration center商业街commercial street科技园technological region校园规划campus planning城市中心区urban center district居住单元flat历史地段history district民政区域civil district水警区waters guard district居住区规划residential district planning 护林区ranger district工业区industrial district林木种子公园tree seed orchard快速公路thruway城市美学urban esthetics游憩空间esplanade系统工程systems engineering城市更新理论urban renewal theory绿地/绿化带greenbelt绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率ratio of green space工厂绿化landscaping within factory广场绿化landscaping of square居住区绿化landscaping of residential area谷底植栽场improved vegetation & wild life公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building 室内绿化indoor garden城市绿化urban virescence城市绿化系统urban green space system公共绿地public green space专用绿地specified green space防护绿地green buffer建筑空间architecture剧院show place; theater茶楼(馆)caff;tea shop专卖店monopolistic shop博物馆museum电影院cinema;movie house商场emporium; shopping mall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callan house; children’s palace图书馆library棋牌室relaxation room健身房gymnasium书店book store客厅parlor阳台balcony浴室bathroom合院式建筑courtyard building餐厅dining-room; dining hall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kid room儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse起居室living room门廊porch更衣室change room休息室pavilion私家花园private garden居民resident共享地带shared zone工人房servants hall比例scale元素element会议中心conference center园林景观view of the garden乔木arbor灌木shrub铺石band stone地下车库car park bellow曲线形铺地curved paving bands庭园cartilage; Garth标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard瀑布fall步道footpath园桥garden bridge园林garden and park草本植物herbage藤本植物liane蔓本植物liana砌石natural cut stone铺地pave亭,阁pavilion榭pavilion on terrace植被planting花坛planting beds大广场plaza栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台timber deck草坪turf;grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地区waterfront茶亭tea house木亭log cabin遮阳亭shade structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND20.旱冰道SLIDE21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台VIEWING DECK26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL27.极可意JACUZZI28.嬉水池WADING POOL29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥BRIDGE35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION37.停车场PARING AREA38.特色花架TRELLIS39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场TENNIS COURT45.阶梯***/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场MAIN PLAZA47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN49.旱溪DRY STREAM50.凉亭PAVILION51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶STAIR54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK58.人行漫步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算:estimate/cost estimate;估算类型:types of estimate;详细估算:是偏差幅度最小的估算,defined estimate;设备估算:equipment estimate;分析估算:analysis estimate;报价估算:roposal estimate;控制估算:control estimate;初期控制估算:interim control estimate/initial control estimate批准的控制估算:initial approved cost核定估算:check estimate首次核定估算:first check estimate二次核定估算:production check estimate人工时估算:man hour estimate材料费用/直接材料费用:material cost/direct material cost设备费用/设备购买费用:equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用:bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material 施工费用:construction cost施工人工费用:labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工费用:labor cost associated with equipment散装材料施工安装人工费用:labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估算定额:standard manhours施工人工时估算定额:standard labor manhours标准工时定额:standard hours劳动生产率:labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio修正的人工时估算值:adjusted manhours人工时单价:manhours rate施工监督费用:cost of construction supervision施工间接费用:cost of contruction indirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用:subcontract cost/field subcontract cost公司本部费用:home office cost公司管理费用:overhead非工资费用:non payroll开车服务费用:cost of start-up services其他费用:other cost利润/预期利润:profit/expected profit服务酬金:service gains风险:risk风险分析:risk analysis风险备忘录:risk memorandum未可预见费:contingency基本未可预见费:average contingency最大风险未可预见费:maximum risk contingency用户变更/合同变更:cilent change/contract change认可的用户变更:approved client change待定的用户变更:pending client change项目变更:project change内部变更:internalchange批准的变更:authoried change强制性变更:mandatory change选择性变更:optional change内部费用转换:internal transfer认可的预计费用:anticipated approved cost涨价值:escalation项目费用汇总报告:project cost summary report项目实施费用状态报告:project operation cost status report 总价合同:lump sum contract偿付合同:reimbursible contract预算:budget02.1 总论2.0001 园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 2.0002 造园学garden making, landscape gardening2.0003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture2.0004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture2.0005 园林艺术garden art2.0006 园林美学garden aesthetics2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture2.0008 园林建筑garden building2.0009 园林工程garden engineering2.0010 园林植物landscape plant2.0011 观赏植物ornamental plant2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing2.0013 园林garden and park2.0014 园林学史history of garden architecture2.0015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning2.0016 园林设计garden design2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine2.0018 园林管理garden management2.0019 园林生态landscape ecology2.0020 绿化greening, planting2.0021 环境绿化environmental greening2.0022 绿地面积green area2.0023 绿地率ratio of green space2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage2.0025 工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing 2.0026 街道绿化street greening, street planting2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening2.0030 群众绿化mass planting movement2.0031 郊区绿化suburban greening2.0032 公路绿化highway greening2.0033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting 2.0034 堤岸种植bank planting2.0035 阳台绿化balcony greening2.0036 窗台绿化window-sill greening2.0037 屋顶绿化roof greening2.0038 垂直绿化vertical greening2.0039 攀缘绿化climber greening2.0040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening2.0041 花园garden2.0042 专类花园specified flower garden2.0043 花园村garden village2.0044 园林城市landscape garden city2.0045 蔷薇园rose garden2.0046 松柏园conifer garden2.0047 球根园bulb garden2.0048 宿根园perennial garden2.0049 假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery2.0050 狩猎场hunting ground2.0051 街心花园street crossing center garden2.0052 小游园petty street garden2.0053 水景园water garden2.0054 铺地园paved garden2.0055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden2.0057 乡趣园rustic garden2.0058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape 2.0059 动物园zoo, zoological garden2.0060 墓园cemetery garden2.0061 沼泽园bog and marsh garden2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden2.0063 学校园school garden2.0064 室内花园indoor garden2.0065 芳香花园fragrant garden2.0066 盲人花园garden for the blind2.0067 公园park, public park2.0068 城市公园city park, urban park2.0069 区公园regional park2.0070 儿童公园children park2.0071 体育公园sports park2.0072 森林公园forest park2.0073 纪念公园memorial park2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park2.0075 综合公园comprehensive park2.0076 文化公园cultural park2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park2.0078 中央公园central park2.0079 天然公园natural park2.0080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park2.0081 古迹公园historic site park2.0082 河滨公园riverside park2.0083 湖滨公园lakeside park2.0084 路边公园roadside park, street park2.0085 娱乐公园amusement park2.0086 雕塑公园sculpture park2.0087 休憩公园recreation park2.0088 疗养公园sanatorium park2.0089 国家公园national park2.0090 邻里公园neighborhood park2.0091 特种公园special park2.0092 植物园botanical garden2.0093 植物公园abeled plants park2.0094 高山植物园alpine garden2.0095 热带植物园tropical plants garden2.0096 药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097 绿地green space2.0098 公共绿地public green space2.0099 单位绿地unit green area2.0100 城市绿地urban green space2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area2.0102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area2.0103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 2.0104 郊区绿地suburban green space2.0105 街坊绿地residential block green belt2.0106 附属绿地attached green space2.0107 生产绿地productive plantation area2.0108 苗圃nursery2.0109 风景landscape, scenery2.0110 自然景观natural landscape2.0111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112 草原景观prairie landscape2.0113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape2.0115 湖泊景观lake view2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape2.0117 地质景观geological landscape2.0118 喀斯特景观karst landscape2.0119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape02.2.1 中国园林史2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden 2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden2.0125 皇家园林royal garden2.0126 私家园林private garden2.0127 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史2.0128 西方古典园林western classical garden2.0129 英国式园林English style garden2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden2.0131 意大利式园林Italian style garden2.0132 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden2.0133 法兰西式园林French style garden2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden2.0135 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa2.0136 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden2.0137 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden2.0139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio2.0140 绿廊xystus2.0141 迷阵maze, labyrinth02.2.3 典型中西园林2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden2.0143 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden2.0145 阿房宫E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan2.0147 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace2.0149 华清官Hua-Qing Palace2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden2.0151 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden2.0152 颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort2.0154 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden2.0155 悬园Hanging Garden2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park2.0158 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术2.0159 景view, scenery, feature2.0160 远景distant view2.0161 近景nearby view2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing2.0164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place2.0165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery2.0166 漏景leaking through scenery2.0167 框景enframed scenery2.0168 尾景terminal feature2.0169 主景main feature2.0170 副景secondary feature2.0171 配景objective view2.0172 夹景vista line, vista2.0173 前景front view2.0174 背景background2.0175 景序order of sceneries2.0176 景点feature spot, view spot2.0177 仰视景观upward landscape2.0178 俯视景观downward landscape2.0179 季相景观seasonal phenomena2.0180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery2.0181 视野visual field2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color2.0183 园林空间garden space2.0184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space2.0185 封闭空间enclosure space2.0186 意境artistic conception, poetic imagery2.0187 苍古antiquity2.0188 空灵spaciousness, airiness2.0189 动观in-motion viewing2.0190 静观in-position viewing2.0191 视错觉visual illusion2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden2.0193 对称平衡symmetrical balance2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance2.0195 左右对称bilateral symmetry2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry2.0197 透景线perspective line2.0198 轴线axis, axial line2.0199 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis2.0202 树冠线skyline2.0203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors2.0204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony2.0205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony2.0206 对比色突出contrast colors accent2.0207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony2.0208 暖色warm color2.0209 冷色cool color2.0210 色感color sense2.0211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 2.0212 绿地系统green space system2.0213 公共绿地定额public green space quota2.0214 公共绿地指标public green space norm2.0215 绿地布局green space layout2.0216 吸引圈attractive circle2.0217 吸引距离attractive distance2.0218 有效半径effective radius2.0219 绿地资源green space resource2.0220 绿地效果green space effect2.0221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 2.0222 空间规划space planning2.0223 形象规划image plan2.0224 实施规划implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space2.0227 利用频度usage frequency2.0228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs2.0229 绿地类型type of green space2.0230 环状绿型annular green space2.0231 块状绿地green plot2.0232 点状绿地green spot2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space2.0234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space2.0235 缓冲绿地buffer green space2.0236 防音绿地noise proof green space2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden2.0239 公园规划park planning2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning2.0241 总平面规划site planning2.0242 园林分区garden zoning2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area2.0247 野餐区picnic place2.0248 散步区pedestrian space2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252 草坪区lawn space2.0253 绿荫区shade tree section2.0254 历史古迹区historical relics area2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area2.0256 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area2.0257 钓鱼区fishing center2.0258 野营区camp site2.0259 游人中心visitors center2.0260 服务中心service center2.0261 探险游乐场adventure ground2.0262 文化活动区cultural activities area2.0263 道路系统approach system, road system2.0264 环形道路系统circular road system2.0265 方格形道路系统latticed road system2.0266 放射形道路系统radiate road system2.0267 自然式道路系统informal road system2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system2.0269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system2.0270 园林规划图garden planning map2.0271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction2.0272 城市公园系统urban park system2.0273 公园分布distribution of parks2.0274 公园类型park type, park category2.0275 公园间距distance between parks2.0276 公园形式park styles2.0277 游览区excursion area, open-to-public area2.0278 非游览区no-admittance area2.0279 办公区administrative area2.0280 服务区service center2.0281 动休息区dynamic rest space2.0282 静休息区static rest space2.0283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place2.0284 主要入口main entrance2.0285 次要入口secondary entrance2.0286 人流量visitors flowrate2.0287 车流量vehicle flowrate2.0288 公园道路park road2.0289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio2.0290 游人容纳量visitors capacity2.0291 风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation 2.0292 风景学scenicology2.0293 风景规划landscape plan2.0294 风景设计landscape design2.0295 游览路线touring route2.0296 旅游资源tourism resource2.0297 旅游地理tourism geography2.0298 旅游地质tourism geology2.0299 历史名城famous historical city2.0300 文化名城famous cultural city2.0301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic2.0302 天然博物馆natural open museum2.0303 风景地貌natural geomorphology2.0304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration 2.0305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 风景名胜famous scenery, famous scenic site 2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area 2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs 2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot2.0310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot2.0311 森林风景区forest scenic spot2.0312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 2.0313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot2.0314 江河风景区river landscape district2.0315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot2.0316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot2.0317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot2.0318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation2.0320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot2.0321 自然保护区nature protection area2.0322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research2.0323 天然纪念物natural monument2.0324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area02.5 园林设计2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map2.0327 地形图topographic map, contour map2.0328 种植设计planting design2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design2.0331 造价分析cost analysis2.0332 园林形式garden style2.0333 规整式园林formal garden style2.0334 非规整园林informal garden style2.0335 几何式园林geometric garden style2.0336 自然式园林natural garden style2.0337 混合式园林mixed garden style2.0338 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style2.0339 马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden2.0340 园林区划garden area division2.0341 园林分区规划garden block planning2.0342 庭院花园courtyard garden2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard2.0345 中庭patio2.0346 厨园kitchen yard2.0347 沉[床]园sunken garden2.0348 窗园window garden2.0349 墙园wall garden2.0350 宅园home garden2.0351 台地园terrace garden2.0352 冬园winter garden2.0353 切花园cut flower garden2.0354 屋顶花园roof garden2.0355 后花园back yard garden2.0356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork2.0359 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone2.0360 黄石yellowish brown stone2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 2.0362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making2.0364 叠石stones laying2.0365 板石flag stone2.0366 散点石scattered stone2.0367 抱角石corner stone2.0368 屋基石foundation stone2.0369 排衙石guard stone2.0370 屏石screen stone2.0371 石岸rock bank2.0372 石阶stone steps2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface2.0374 附壁石stone appended to wall2.0375 石花台stone flower bed2.0376 石凳stone bench2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall2.0378 干砌石dry stone wall2.0379 假山石楼梯rock stairway2.0380 石亭stone pavilion2.0381 石洞stone cavern2.0382 石窟grotto2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout2.0384 拱石arch stone2.0385 拱顶石key stone2.0386 园林水景water scenes of garden2.0387 水体water body2.0388 水面water surface2.0389 水池pool2.0390 水塘pond2.0391 喷泉fountain2.0392 喷水池fountain pool2.0393 涉水池wading pool2.0394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool2.0395 睡莲池water-lily pool2.0396 喷水管布置piping schema2.0397 钓鱼塘fishing pond2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond2.0399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 2.0400 隐头喷泉secret fountain2.0401 岛园island garden2.0402 半岛园peninsula garden2.0403 小岛isle2.0404 瀑布waterfall2.0405 小瀑布cascade2.0406 湖lake2.0407 矶rock projecting over water2.0408 水帘洞water curtain cave2.0409 园桥garden bridge2.0410 拱桥arch bridge2.0411 石板桥stone slab bridge2.0412 木板桥plank bridge2.0413 圆木桥log bridge2.0414 亭桥pavilion bridge2.0415 曲桥zigzag bridge2.0416 壁泉wall fountain2.0417 饮水喷头drinking fountain2.0418 植物配植plant arrangement2.0419 树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs 2.0420 群植group planting, mass planting2.0421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 2.0422 丛植clump planting2.0423 组植group planting2.0424 林植forest planting2.0425 列植linear planting2.0426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 2.0427 环植circular planting2.0428 带植belt planting2.0429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 2.0430 边缘种植edge planting2.0431 边界种植boundary planting2.0432 整形种植architectural planting2.0433 基础种植foundation planting2.0434 角隅种植corner planting2.0435 景框种植planting as enframent2.0436 门卫种植guard planting2.0437 篱恒种植fence planting2.0438 障景种植screen planting2.0439 背景种植background planting2.0440 林下种植underwood planting2.0441 路边种植roadside planting2.0442 绿篱hedge2.0443 树墙espalier2.0444 庭荫树shade tree2.0445 园景树specimen tree2.0446 风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest2.0447 行道树avenue tree, street tree2.0448 纪念林memorial forest2.0449 整型树topiary tree2.0450 花篱flower hedge’2.0451 刺篱thorny plants hedge2.0452 常绿绿篱evergreen hedge2.0453 落叶绿篱deciduous hedge2.0454 高篱high hedge2.0455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence2.0456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge2.0457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge2.0458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge2.0459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge2.0460 边篱boundary fence2.0461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge2.0462 纯林pure forest2.0463 混交林mixed forest2.0464 林间隙地open space in woodland2.0465 杂木林spinney2.0466 树冠覆盖面tree canopy2.0467 草坪lawn2.0468 整形草坪formal lawn2.0469 开花草坪flowering lawn2.0470 牧场草坪meadowy land2.0471 花坛flower bed2.0472 路边花坛roadside flower bed2.0473 带状花坛ribbon flower bed2.0474 时钟花坛flower clock2.0475 盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed 2.0476 高设花台raised flower bed2.0477 毛毡花坛carpet bed2.0478 镶嵌花坛mosaic bed2.0479 铺石花坛paved bed2.0480 灌木花坛shrub bed2.0481 图案花坛群parterre2.0482 草药花坛herbaceous flower bed2.0483 花结花坛knot bed2.0484 整形花坛formal flower bed2.0485 花境flower border2.0486 花桶flower tub2.0487 植树箱planting box2.0488 活动花坛movable flower bed2.0489 瓶饰garden vase2.0490 灌木花境shrub border2.0491 混合花境mixed border2.0492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 2.0493 漫步路trail, footway2.0494 小径alley, path2.0495 川草坪岛lawn island2.0496 安全岛traffic island, refuge island2.0497 转弯曲度turning curvature2.0498 转弯半径turning radius2.0499 踏面landing pitch2.0500 步石stepping stone2.0501 涉水踏步wading step2.0502 错铺路crazy paving path2.0503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 2.0504 花纹路pattern path2.0505 林荫路mall2.0506 林荫大道boulevard2.0507 花园路parkway2.0508 林间小道path in woodland2.0509 种植池planting bed2.0510 树池保护格栅tree grate2.0511 树干保护套栏tree guard2.0512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting2.0513 路面线纹score line2.0514 传统园林建筑traditional garden building2.0515 凉亭summer shelter2.0516 活树亭arbor, tent arbor2.0517 蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion2.0518 茅亭thatched pavilion2.0519 竹亭bamboo pavilion2.0520 茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk2.0521 回廊cloister2.0522 水廊corridor on water2.0523 曲廊zigzag veranda2.0524 扒山廊sloping gallery2.0525 楼廊two-storied gallery2.0526 画舫painted pleasure boat2.0527 石舫stone boat2.0528 不击舟immovable pleasure boat2.0529 诗条石poem-engraved stone slab2.0530 月洞门moon gate2.0531 扶手栏杆handrail2.0532 坐凳栏杆seat rail2.0533 石碑stone tablet, stele2.0534 园林露天剧场open garden theater2.0535 园林露天舞池open garden dancing place2.0536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand2.0537 眺望台prospect deck2.0538 繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse2.0539 展览温室public conservatory2.0540 月池new-moon pool2.0541 园林小品small garden ornaments2.0542 磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet2.0543 园椅garden chair, garden seat2.0544 园凳garden bench2.0545 园桌garden table2.0546 园灯garden lamp2.0547 日规sundial2.0548 鸟浴bird bath2.0549 鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box2.0550 鸟笼bird cage, bird coop2.0551 悬篮hanging basket2.0552 野鸟喂食器bird feeder2.0553 额匾horizontal inscribed board2.0554 楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar2.0555 引露天烤炉open barbecue2.0556 树棚living-tree pergola2.0557 花架pergola2.0558 花格架trellis, treillage2.0559 点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway2.0560 园林施工garden layout, garden construction2.0561 种植工程planting engineering2.0562 大树移植big tree transplanting2.0563 裸根移植bare root transplanting2.0564 土球移植ball transplanting2.0565 沟植trench planting2.0566 假植heeling in, temporary planting2.0567 播种草坪seeding lawn2.0568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn2.0569 假山工程rockery engineering2.0570 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling2.0571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced2.0572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 2.0573 上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks2.0574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins2.0575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials2.0576 观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub2.0577 观叶植物foliage plant2.0578 观果植物fruit-effect plant2.0579 观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches 2.0580 指示植物indicating plant2.0581 主景植物accent plant2.0582 耐湿植物damp tolerant plant2.0583 抗风植物wind-resistant plant2.0584 耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant2.0585 市花city flower2.0586 市树city tree2.0587 国花national flower2.0588 国树national tree2.0589 芳香植物fragrant plant2.0590 抗污染植物pollution resistant plant2.0591 环保植物environment protecting plant2.0592 高山植物alpine plant2.0593 岩生植物rock plant2.0594 攀缘植物climbing plant, climber2.0595 地被植物ground cover plant2.0596 阴生植物shade plant2.0597 装饰植物decorative plant2.0598 装缘植物edging plant2.0599 绿蓠植物hedge plant2.0600 草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass2.0601 花坛植物bedding plant2.0602 球根植物bulbous plant2.0603 宿根植物perennial plant, perennial2.0604 水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte2.0605 旱生植物xerophyte2.0606 沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant2.0607 室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant2.0608 切花cut flower2.0609 垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant2.0610 缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant2.0611 针叶植物needle-leaved plant2.0612 阔叶植物broad-leaved plant2.0613 斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant2.0614 松柏植物conifer2.0615 常绿植物evergreen plant2.0616 半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant2.0617 不耐寒植物tender plant2.0618 半耐寒植物half-hardy plant2.0619 耐寒植物hardy plant2.0620 耐旱植物drought enduring plant2.0621 山石材料stone material2.0622 昆山石Kunshan stone2.0623 钟乳石stalactite2.0624 灵壁石Lingbi stone2.0625 英德石Yingde stone2.0626 青石Qing stone2.0627 宣石Xuan stone2.0628 房山石Fangshan stone2.0629 观赏动物ornamental animal2.0630 观赏鸟类ornamental bird2.0631 观赏兽类ornamental beast2.0632 观赏昆虫类ornamental insect02.8 园林机具设备2.0633 园林机械garden machine2.0634 园林工具garden instrument, garden implement 2.0635 园林设备garden equipment2.0636 花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider2.0637 种植容器planting container2.0638 圆木桩log peg2.0639 喷射装置jet bubbler2.0640 滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator2.0641 环动喷灌器circle sprinkler2.0642 圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler2.0643 自控器automatic controller2.0644 管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler2.0645 固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler2.0646 喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler 2.0647 喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage2.0648 草坪加肥器lawn feeder2.0649 施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler2.0650 液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner 2.0651 滴水喷头emitter, dripper2.0652 水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net2.0653 苗木包装材料nursery stock package material2.0654 麻布袋burlap bag2.0655 铁丝篮wire basket2.0656 篮状种植器basket container2.0657 塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican2.0658 播种盘seed tray2.0659 网孔盆mesh pot2.0660 含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot。
园林植物培育学
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园林植物培育学一、园林植物(landscape plants)在城市园林景观中的地位与作用1.造园四要素,植物不可或缺。
植物、山石、建筑、水体四要素的结合2.植物造景--城市景观营造的主手法3.植物的芳香、姿态、色彩构成亮丽的景观4.植物的生态效益(ecological benefit)在城市环境中起重要作用二、园林植物栽培简史●出现于宗教祭祀场的植物,可看作园林植物栽培的起源。
●从公元前27世纪的埃及金字塔中的壁画和镌刻反映神圣丛林。
●公元前23世纪,两河流域开始出现塔庙,种植着乔木和葡萄。
●公元前12世纪,美索不达米亚塔庙种植雪松、黄杨、各种果树、灌木还有没药等芳香植物。
●中国园林植物栽培有文字可考的历史可以追溯到西周时期。
●我国历代王朝都在宫苑、寺庙、陵墓种植花木,尤以社木为常见。
●公元前600多年就有了栽植行道树(street trees)的做法。
●西汉时期已总结了培育部分南方植物的科学方法。
●唐代是我国园林和花卉发展的繁盛期,出现了各种奇花异草、名花珍品,说明当时的栽培技术已经相当成熟。
三、园林植物栽培的现状1.工业的发展提供了新的农用材料,推动了园林植物栽培技术的进步。
•塑料大棚和温室的覆盖材料•叶面肥、商品有机肥和中量元素肥料等新型肥料•新型农药的使用使园林植物栽培朝向更安全更环保的方向进步。
•抗蒸腾剂的使用,大大提高了阔叶树种带叶移栽的成活率2.新型栽培设施设备的出现,促进了园林植物培育学的大发展。
•温室增温系统、灌溉系统、遮荫系统不断得到改进•移动花床、自动播种机、上盆机,还有应用于切花生产的各种栽培设备使得栽培学得到极大发展。
•在园林绿化及养护管理方面一些新型的机械设备也不断出现3.不断发展的生物技术,为园林植物培育学提供了广阔的发展空间。
•杂交育种、组织培养、分子生物学、转基因、花期调控生理等技术的发展日新月异,,并被应用于园林植物培育。
•有许多种属被发现,并成功的引种驯化有很多相关部门正在从事野生观赏植物资源的调查。
园林专业英语
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园林专业英语园林学landscape architecture,garden architecture 园林garden and park绿化greening,planting城市绿化urban greening,urban planting城市绿地urban green space公园绿地public park公园park儿童公园children park动物园zoo植物园botanical garden墓园cemetery garden盆景园penjng garden,miniature landscape盲人公园park for the blind花园garden历史名园historical garden and park风景名胜公园famous scenic park纪念公园memorial park街旁绿地roadside green space带状公园linear park专类公园theme park岩石园rock garden社区公园community park生产绿地productive plantation area防护绿地green buffer,green area for environmental protection附属绿地attached green space居住绿地green space attached to housing estate,residential green space 道路绿地green space attached to urban road and square屋顶花园roof garden立体绿化vertical planting风景林地scenic forest land城市绿地系统urban green space system城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning绿化覆盖面积green coverage绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage绿地率greening rate,ratio of green space绿带green belt楔形绿地green wedge城市绿线boundary line of urban green space园林史landscape history,garden history古典园林classical garden囿hunting park苑imperial park皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden寺庙园林monastery garden园林艺术garden art相地site investigation造景landscaping借景borrowed scencry,view borrowing园林意境poetic imagcry of garden透景线perspective line盆景miniature landscape,penjing插花flower arrangement季相seasonal appearance of plant园林规划garden planning,landscaping planning 园林布局garden layout园林设计garden design公园最大游人量maximum visitors capacity in park 地形设计topographical design园路设计garden path design种植设计planting design孤植specimen planting,isolated planting对植Opposite planting,coupled planting列植linear planting群植group planting,mass planting园林植物landscape plant观赏植物ornamental plant古树名木historical tree and famous wood species 地被植物ground cover plant攀缘植物climbing plant,climber温室植物greenhouse plant花卉flowering plant行道树avenue tree,street tree草坪lawn绿篱hedge花篱flower hedge花境flower border人工植物群落man-made planting habitat园林建筑garden building园林小品small garden ornaments园廊veranda,gallery,colonnade水榭waterside pavilion舫boat house园亭garden pavilion,pavilion园台platform月洞门moon gate花架pergola,trellis园林楹联couplet written on scroll,couplet on pillar园林匾额bian'e in garden园林工程garden engineering绿化工程plant engineering大树移植big tree transplanting假植heeling in,temporary planting基础种植foundation planting种植成活率ratio of living tree适地适树planting according to the environment造型修剪topiary园艺horticulture假山rockwork,artificial hill置石stone arrangement,stone layout掇山piled stone hill,hill making塑山man-made rock work园林理水water system layout in garden驳岸revetment in garden喷泉fountain风景名胜区landscape and famous scenery国家重点风景名胜区national park of China风景名胜区规划landscape and famous scenery planning 风景名胜famous scenery,famous scenic site风景资源scenery resource景物view,feature景点feature spot,view spot景区scenic zone景观landscape,scenery游览线touring route环境容量environmental capacity国家公园national park景观设计园林规划设计专业英语主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) main entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2nd entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )3.商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景water feature5.小型露天剧场mini amphi-theatre6.迎宾景观-1 welcoming feature-17.观景木台timber deck (viewing)8.竹园bamboo garden9.漫步广场walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊out door cafe11.巨大迎宾水景-2 grand welcoming feature-212.木桥timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台rock'scape waterfall's grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊桥hanging bridge15.休憩台地(低处) lounging terrace (lower )16.休憩台地(高处) lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪river wild19.儿童乐园children's playground20.旱冰道slide21.羽毛球场badminton court22.旱景dry landscape23.日艺园japanese garden24.旱喷泉dry fountain25.观景台viewing deck26.游泳池swimming pool27.极可意jacuzzi28.嬉水池wading pool29.儿童泳池children's pool30.蜿蜒水墙winding wall31.石景雕塑rock sculpture32.中心广场central plaza34.桥bridge35.交流广场meditating plaza36.趣味树阵tree battle formation37.停车场paring area38.特色花架trellis39.雕塑小道sculpture trail40.(高尔夫)轻击区putting green41.高尔夫球会所golf clubhouse42.每栋建筑入口entrance paving to unit43.篮球场basketball court44.网球场tennis court45.阶梯***/种植槽terracing seatwall/planter46.广场main plaza47.森林、瀑布forest garden waterfall48.石景园rockery garden49.旱溪dry stream50.凉亭pavilion51.户外淋浴outdoor shower52.拉膜结构tensile structure53.台阶stair54.高尔夫球车停车场parking ( golf car )56.晨跑小路jogging footpath57.车道/人行道driveway /sidewalk58.人行漫步道promenade59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) water fall and dancing fountain ( entry plaza )60.特色入口entry feature 61.石景广场rockery plaza一总论(园林专业英语)001 园林学landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture002 造园学garden making, landscape garden-ing003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture005 园林艺术garden art006 园林美学garden aesthetics007 园林建筑学garden architecture008 园林建筑garden building009 园林工程garden engineering010 园林植物landscape plant011 观赏植物ornamental plant012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing013 园林garden and park014 园林学史history of garden architecture015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 016 园林设计garden design017 园林机具设备gardening machine018 园林管理garden management019 园林生态landscape ecology020 绿化greening, planting021 环境绿化environmental greening022 绿地面积green area023 绿地率ratio of green space024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage025 工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing 026 街道绿化street greening, street planting027 车行道绿化driveway greening028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening030 群众绿化mass planting movement031 郊区绿化suburban greening032 公路绿化highway greening033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting034 堤岸种植bank planting035 阳台绿化balcony greening036 窗台绿化window-sill greening037 屋顶绿化roof greening038 垂直绿化vertical greening039 攀缘绿化climber greening040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening041 花园garden042 专类花园specified flower garden043 花园村garden village044 园林城市landscape garden city045 蔷薇园rose garden046 松柏园conifer garden047 球根园bulb garden048 宿根园perennial garden049 假山园rock garden, chinese rockery050 狩猎场hunting ground051 街心花园street crossing center garden052 小游园petty street garden053 水景园water garden054 铺地园paved garden055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden056 野生植物园wild plants garden057 乡趣园rustic garden058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature land-scape059 动物园zoo, zoological garden060 墓园cemetery garden061 沼泽园bog and marsh garden062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden063 学校园school garden064 室内花园indoor garden065 芳香花园fragrant garden066 盲人花园garden for the blind067 公园park, public park068 城市公园city park, urban park069 区公园regional park070 儿童公园children park071 体育公园sports park072 森林公园forest park073 纪念公园memorial park074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park075 综合公园comprehensive park076 文化公园cultural park077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park 078 中央公园central park079 天然公园natural park080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park081 古迹公园historic site park082 河滨公园riverside park083 湖滨公园lakeside park084 路边公园roadside park, street park085 娱乐公园amusement park086 雕塑公园sculpture park087 休憩公园recreation park088 疗养公园sanatorium park089 国家公园national park090 邻里公园neighborhood park091 特种公园special park092 植物园botanical garden093 植物公园abeled plants park094 高山植物园alpine garden095 热带植物园tropical plants garden096 药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 097 绿地green space098 公共绿地public green space099 单位绿地unit green area100 城市绿地urban green space101 街道广场绿地street and square green area 102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 104 郊区绿地suburban green space105 街坊绿地residential block green belt106 附属绿地attached green space107 生产绿地productive plantation area108 苗圃nursery109 风景landscape, scenery110 自然景观natural landscape111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 112 草原景观prairie landscape113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 114 地理景观geographical landscape115 湖泊景观lake view116 郊区景观suburban landscape117 地质景观geological landscape118 喀斯特景观karst landscape119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape2.1 中国园林史英文对照120 中国古典园林classical chinese garden121 中国传统园林traditional chinese garden122 中国古代园林ancient chinese garden123 中国山水园chinese mountain and water garden 124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden125 皇家园林royal garden126 私家园林private garden127 江南园林garden on the yangtze delta2.2 西方园林史英文对照128 西方古典园林western classical garden129 英国式园林english style garden130 中英混合式园林anglo-chinese style garden 131 意大利式园林italian style garden132 西班牙式园林spanish style garden133 法兰西式园林french style garden134 勒诺特尔式园林le notre’s style garden135 文艺复兴庄园renaissance style villa136 洛可可式园林rococo style garden137 巴洛克式园林baroque style garden138 庄园manor, villa garden139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio140 绿廊xystus141 迷阵maze, labyrinth2.3 典型中西园林142 灵囿ling you hunting garden143 灵沼ling zhao water garden144 灵台ling tai platform garden145 阿房宫e-pang palace146 上林苑shang-lin yuan147 未央宫wei-yang palace148 洛阳宫luoyang palace149 华清官hua-qing palace150 艮岳gen yue imperial garden151 圆明园yuan-ming yuan imperial garden152 颐和园yi-he yuan imperial garden,summer palace 153 承德避暑山庄chengde imperial summer resort154 苏州园林suzhou traditional garden155 悬园hanging garden156 英国皇家植物园royal botanical garden, kew garden 157 凡尔赛宫苑versailles palace park158 枫丹白露宫园fontainebleau palace garden2.4 园林艺术类159 景view, scenery, feature160 远景distant view161 近景nearby view162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place 165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery 166 漏景leaking through scenery167 框景enframed scenery168 尾景terminal feature169 主景main feature170 副景secondary feature171 配景objective view172 夹景vista line, vista173 前景front view174 背景background175 景序order of sceneries176 景点feature spot, view spot177 仰视景观upward landscape178 俯视景观downward landscape179 季相景观seasonal phenomena180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery 181 视野visual field182 秋色fall color, autumn color183 园林空间garden space184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space 185 封闭空间enclosure space186 意境artistic conception, poetic imagery 187 苍古antiquity188 空灵spaciousness, airiness189 动观in-motion viewing190 静观in-position viewing191 视错觉visual illusion192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 193 对称平衡symmetrical balance194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance195 左右对称bilateral symmetry196 辐射对称radial symmetry197 透景线perspective line198 轴线axis, axial line199 主轴main axis200 副轴auxiliary axis201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis202 树冠线skyline203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony206 对比色突出contrast colors accent207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony208 暖色warm color209 冷色cool color210 色感color sense211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 212 绿地系统green space system213 公共绿地定额public green space quota214 公共绿地指标public green space norm215 绿地布局green space layout216 吸引圈attractive circle217 吸引距离attractive distance218 有效半径effective radius219 绿地资源green space resource220 绿地效果green space effect221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 222 空间规划space planning223 形象规划image plan224 实施规划implementary plan225 必要生活空间necessary living space226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space 227 利用频度usage frequency228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs 229 绿地类型type of green space230 环状绿型annular green space231 块状绿地green plot232 点状绿地green spot233 放射状绿地radiate green space234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space 235 缓冲绿地buffer green space236 防音绿地noiseproof green space237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory 238 园林保留地reserve garden239 公园规划park planning240 园林总体规划garden master planning 241 总平面规划site planning242 园林分区garden zoning243 安静休息区tranquil rest area244 儿童活动区children playing space245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot 246 体育运动区sports activities area247 野餐区picnic place248 散步区pedestrian space249 群众集会区mass meeting square250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 252 草坪区lawn space253 绿荫区shade tree section254 历史古迹区historical relics area255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area256 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area257 钓鱼区fishing center258 野营区camp site259 游人中心visitors center260 服务中心service center261 探险游乐场adventure ground262 文化活动区cultural activities area263 道路系统approach system, road system264 环形道路系统circular road system265 方格形道路系统latticed road system266 放射形道路系统radiate road system267 自然式道路系统informal road system268 规整式道路系统formal road system269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system270 园林规划图garden planning map271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction272 城市公园系统urban park system273 公园分布distribution of parks274 公园类型park type, park category275 公园间距distance between parks276 公园形式park styles277 游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area 278 非游览区no-admittance area279 办公区administrative area280 服务区service center281 动休息区dynamic rest space282 静休息区static rest space283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place 284 主要入口main entrance285 次要入口secondary entrance286 人流量visitors flowrate287 车流量vehicle flowrate288 公园道路park road289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio290 游人容纳量visitors capacity291 风景资源调查 landscape resource evaluation292 风景学scenicology293 风景规划landscape plan294 风景设计landscape design295 游览路线touring route296 旅游资源tourism resource297 旅游地理tourism geography298 旅游地质tourism geology299 历史名城famous historical city300 文化名城famous cultural city301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic302 天然博物馆natural open museum303 风景地貌natural geomorphology304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration 305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area306 风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site 307 特异景观风景区 specific natural scenes area 308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs 309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot311 森林风景区forest scenic spot312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot314 江河风景区river landscape district315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot321 自然保护区nature protection area322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research323 天然纪念物natural monument324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area2.5 园林设计专业英文对照325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer326 园址测量图garden site survey map327 地形图topographic map, contour map328 种植设计planting design329 地形改造设计topographical reform design330 种植大样图detail planting design331 造价分析cost analysis332 园林形式garden style333 规整式园林formal garden style334 非规整园林informal garden style335 几何式园林geometric garden style336 自然式园林natural garden style337 混合式园林mixed garden style338 近代巴洛克式园林modern baroque style 339 马克斯抽象园林r.b. marx abstract garden 340 园林区划garden area division341 园林分区规划garden block planning342 庭院花园courtyard garden343 前庭front yard, forecourt344 后庭back yard, rear yard345 中庭patio346 厨园kitchen yard347 沉[床]园sunken garden348 窗园window garden349 墙园wall garden350 宅园home garden351 台地园terrace garden352 冬园winter garden353 切花园cut flower garden354 屋顶花园roof garden355 后花园back yard garden356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork359 太湖石taihu lake stone, water modelled stone 360 黄石yellowish brown stone361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making364 叠石stones laying365 板石flag stone366 散点石scattered stone367 抱角石corner stone368 屋基石foundation stone369 排衙石guard stone370 屏石screen stone371 石岸rock bank372 石阶stone steps373 汀步stepping stone on water surface374 附壁石stone appended to wall375 石花台stone flower bed376 石凳stone bench377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall378 干砌石dry stone wall379 假山石楼梯rock stairway380 石亭stone pavilion381 石洞stone cavern382 石窟grotto383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout 384 拱石arch stone385 拱顶石key stone386 园林水景water scenes of garden387 水体water body388 水面water surface389 水池pool390 水塘pond391 喷泉fountain392 喷水池fountain pool393 涉水池wading pool394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool395 睡莲池water-lily pool396 喷水管布置piping schema397 钓鱼塘fishing pond398 高水位池塘high water table pond399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 400 隐头喷泉secret fountain401 岛园island garden402 半岛园peninsula garden403 小岛isle404 瀑布waterfall405 小瀑布cascade406 湖lake407 矶rock projecting over water408 水帘洞water curtain cave409 园桥garden bridge410 拱桥arch bridge411 石板桥stone slab bridge412 木板桥plank bridge413 圆木桥log bridge414 亭桥pavilion bridge415 曲桥zigzag bridge416 壁泉wall fountain417 饮水喷头drinking fountain418 植物配植plant arrangement419 树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs 420 群植group planting, mass planting421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 422 丛植clump planting423 组植group planting424 林植forest planting425 列植linear planting426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 427 环植circular planting428 带植belt planting429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 430 边缘种植edge planting431 边界种植boundary planting432 整形种植architectural planting433 基础种植foundation planting434 角隅种植corner planting435 景框种植planting as enframent436 门卫种植guard planting437 篱恒种植fence planting438 障景种植screen planting439 背景种植background planting440 林下种植underwood planting441 路边种植roadside planting442 绿篱hedge443 树墙espalier444 庭荫树shade tree445 园景树specimen tree446 风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest 447 行道树avenue tree, street tree448 纪念林memorial forest449 整型树topiary tree450 花篱flower hedge’451 刺篱thorny plants hedge452 常绿绿篱evergreen hedge453 落叶绿篱deciduous hedge454 高篱high hedge455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge460 边篱boundary fence461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge462 纯林pure forest463 混交林mixed forest464 林间隙地open space in woodland465 杂木林spinney466 树冠覆盖面tree canopy467 草坪lawn468 整形草坪formal lawn469 开花草坪flowering lawn470 牧场草坪meadowy land471 花坛flower bed472 路边花坛roadside flower bed473 带状花坛ribbon flower bed474 时钟花坛flower clock475 盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed 476 高设花台raised flower bed477 毛毡花坛carpet bed478 镶嵌花坛mosaic bed479 铺石花坛paved bed480 灌木花坛shrub bed481 图案花坛群parterre482 草药花坛herbaceous flower bed483 花结花坛knot bed484 整形花坛formal flower bed485 花境flower border486 花桶flower tub487 植树箱planting box488 活动花坛movable flower bed489 瓶饰garden vase490 灌木花境shrub border491 混合花境mixed border492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 493 漫步路trail, footway494 小径alley, path495 川草坪岛lawn island496 安全岛traffic island, refuge island497 转弯曲度turning curvature498 转弯半径turning radius499 踏面landing pitch500 步石stepping stone501 涉水踏步wading step502 错铺路crazy paving path503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 504 花纹路pattern path505 林荫路mall506 林荫大道boulevard507 花园路parkway508 林间小道path in woodland509 种植池planting bed510 树池保护格栅tree grate511 树干保护套栏tree guard512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting 513 路面线纹score line514 传统园林建筑traditional garden building 515 凉亭summer shelter516 活树亭arbor, tent arbor517 蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion518 茅亭thatched pavilion519 竹亭bamboo pavilion520 茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk521 回廊cloister522 水廊corridor on water523 曲廊zigzag veranda524 扒山廊sloping gallery525 楼廊two-storied gallery526 画舫painted pleasure boat527 石舫stone boat528 不击舟immovable pleasure boat529 诗条石poem-engraved stone slab530 月洞门moon gate531 扶手栏杆handrail532 坐凳栏杆seat rail533 石碑stone tablet, stele534 园林露天剧场open garden theater535 园林露天舞池open garden dancing place 536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand537 眺望台prospect deck538 繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse539 展览温室public conservatory540 月池new-moon pool541 园林小品small garden ornaments542 磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet543 园椅garden chair, garden seat544 园凳garden bench545 园桌garden table546 园灯garden lamp547 日规sundial548 鸟浴bird bath549 鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box550 鸟笼bird cage, bird coop551 悬篮hanging basket552 野鸟喂食器bird feeder553 额匾horizontal inscribed board554 楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar555 引露天烤炉open barbecue556 树棚living-tree pergola557 花架pergola558 花格架trellis, treillage559 点景牌楼 naming pailou, decorated archway560 园林施工garden layout, garden construction561 种植工程planting engineering562 大树移植big tree transplanting563 裸根移植bare root transplanting564 土球移植ball transplanting565 沟植trench planting566 假植heeling in, temporary planting567 播种草坪seeding lawn568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn569 假山工程rockery engineering570 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 573 上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials576 观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub578 观果植物fruit-effect plant579 观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches 580 指示植物indicating plant581 主景植物accent plant582 耐湿植物damp tolerant plant583 抗风植物wind-resistant plant584 耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant585 市花city flower586 市树city tree587 国花national flower588 国树national tree589 芳香植物fragrant plant590 抗污染植物pollution resistant plant591 环保植物environment protecting plant592 高山植物alpine plant593 岩生植物rock plant594 攀缘植物climbing plant, climber595 地被植物ground cover plant596 阴生植物shade plant597 装饰植物decorative plant598 装缘植物edging plant600 草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass601 花坛植物bedding plant602 球根植物bulbous plant603 宿根植物perennial plant, perennial604 水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte605 旱生植物xerophyte606 沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant607 室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant 608 切花cut flower609 垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant610 缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant611 针叶植物needle-leaved plant612 阔叶植物broad-leaved plant613 斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant614 松柏植物conifer615 常绿植物evergreen plant616 半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant617 不耐寒植物tender plant618 半耐寒植物half-hardy plant619 耐寒植物hardy plant620 耐旱植物drought enduring plant621 山石材料stone material622 昆山石kunshan stone623 钟乳石stalactite624 灵壁石lingbi stone625 英德石yingde stone626 青石qing stone627 宣石xuan stone628 房山石fangshan stone629 观赏动物ornamental animal630 观赏鸟类ornamental bird631 观赏兽类ornamental beast632 观赏昆虫类ornamental insect中国古典园林----classical Chinesegarden中国传统园林----traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林----ancient Chinese garden中国山水园----Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑---- imperial palace garden皇家园林----royal garden私家园林----private garden江南园林----garden on the Yangtze delta西方古典园林----western classical garden英国式园林---- English style garden中英混合式园林----angle Chinese style garden 意大利式园林----Italian style garden西班牙式园林----Spanish style garden法兰西式园林----French style garden勒诺特尔式园林----le notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园----renaissance style garden洛可可式园林----rococo style garden巴洛克式园林----baroque style garden庄园----manor,villa garden廊柱园----peristyle garden,patio绿廊----xystus迷阵----maze,labyrinth灵囿----ling you hunting garden周代术语灵沼----ling zhao water garden周代术语灵台----ling tai platform garden周代术语阿房宫----e-pang palace秦代术语上林苑----shang-lin yuan汉代术语未央宫----wei-yang palace汉代术语洛阳宫----luoyang palace魏代术语华清宫----hua-qing palace唐代术语艮岳----gen yue imperial garden宋代术语圆明园----yuan-ming yuan imperial garden颐和园----yi-he yuan imperial garden承德避暑山庄----chengde imperial summer resort苏州园林----suzhou traditional garden悬园---- hanging garden 又称“悬空园”,“架高园”。
《园林专业英语》课程大纲
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《园林专业英语》课程大纲一、课程概述课程名称(中文):园林专业英语(英文):Professional English for Landscape Architecture 课程编号:14351068课程学分:3学分课程总学时:48学时课程性质:专业课二、课程内容简介专业英语是园林专业学生在进行专业课学习的同时学习的一门课程。
课程旨在指导学生阅读有关园林专业的英语书刊、文选和论文等,使其掌握一定的专业英语词汇、了解科技英语的写作格式,获取专业所需要的信息,进一步提高阅读专业英语文献的能力。
本课程主要内容为:专业阅读和翻译以及科技写作。
专业阅读完成由基础阶段向应用性阅读的过渡,内容以园林方面的科技专著为主,兼顾植物保护、城市规划、生态学等相关方面的文献选读等。
三、教学目标与要求专业英语基于大学英语和风景园林基本原理学习的基础开设,是一门具有双重目的的课程。
一方面,通过对专业文章的阅读,了解专业英语与大学英语的不同,从专业英语词汇、表达方式等方面掌握专业英语阅读的基本能力;另一方面,通过所选用的专业英语文章,了解国内外风景园林方面的基本理论和最新发展动态,从而掌握阅读英语原文资料的能力,学习相关专业理论知识、拓宽专业视野。
学生通过本课程的学习,能够掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧,阅读国外相关的专业文献;了解文献检索的知识和方法,以掌握国内外本专业发展前沿的最新动态;培养用英语进行学术交流和具备一定的科技英语写作的能力。
四、教学内容与学时安排绪论(2学时)1. 教学目的与要求:了解专业英语的特点,掌握一些翻译技巧以及前后缀的使用。
了解园林专业的英语称谓的变化。
2. 教学重点与难点:前后缀的使用及意义Unit 1 What is landscape architectue (4学时)1. 教学目的与要求:学习以美国为主的北美景观设计发展历史,了解现代景观设计实践中不同的研究领域。
展开景观设计师职业的英语讨论。
风景园林专业英语词汇总结
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规划planning 草图sketch;rough map平面plan 剖面section 立面elevation透视perspective 示意图diagram 容积率coverage城市设计urban design; civic design 区域规划regional planning步行轴ped axis 总体规划general planning; master planning分区规划district planning 近期建设规划immediate plan城市详细规划detailed planning 控制性详细规划control detailed planning 修建性详细规划site plan 居住区规划residential district planning 城市化urbanization 城市生态urban ecology可持续发展sustainable development历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities旧城改建urban redevelopment 开发区development area城市化水平urbanization level 城市群agglomeration城镇体系urban system 卫星城satellite town城市基础设施urban infrastructure居民点settlement市municipality; city生态基础设施ecological infrastructure牧场pasture 市域administrative region of a city商业区commercial district 行政中心administration center商业街commercial street 科技园technological region校园规划campus planning 城市中心区urban center district居住单元flat 历史地段history district 民政区域civil district水警区waters guard district 居住区规划residential district planning护林区ranger district 工业区industrial district林木种子公园tree seed orchard快速公路thruway城市美学urban esthetics游憩空间esplanade系统工程systems engineering城市更新理论urban renewal theory绿地/绿化带greenbelt 绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage绿地率ratio of green space工厂绿化landscaping within factory广场绿化landscaping of square居住区绿化landscaping of residential area谷底植栽场improved vegetation & wild life公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building室内绿化indoor garden城市绿化urban virescence 城市绿化系统urban green space system公共绿地public green space 专用绿地specified green space防护绿地green buffer建筑空间architecture剧院show place; theater茶楼(馆caff;tea shop专卖店monopolistic shop博物馆museum电影院cinema;movie house商场emporium; shopping mall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callan house; children’s palace图书馆library棋牌室relaxation room健身房gymnasium书店book store客厅parlor阳台balcony浴室bathroom橱柜cabinet合院式建筑courtyard building餐厅dining-room; dining hall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kid room儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse起居室living room门廊porch更衣室change room休息室pavilion私家花园private garden居民resident共享地带shared zone工人房servants hall比例scale元素element会议中心conference center园林景观view of the garden乔木arbor灌木shrub铺石band stone地下车库car park bellow曲线形铺地curved paving bands庭园cartilage; Garth标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard瀑布fall 步道footpath园桥garden bridge园林garden and park草本植物herbage藤本植物liane蔓本植物liana砌石natural cut stone铺地pave亭,阁pavilion榭pavilion on terrace植被planting花坛planting beds大广场plaza台platform栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台timber deck草坪turf;grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地区waterfront茶亭tea house木亭log cabin遮阳亭shade structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE 15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道SLIDE21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT 22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台VIEWING DECK26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL27.极可意JACUZZI 28.嬉水池WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL 31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA 33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥BRIDGE 35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION 37.停车场PARING AREA38.特色花架TRELLIS 39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN 41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场TENNIS COURT45.阶梯***/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场MAIN PLAZA 47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN 49.旱溪DRY STREAM 50.凉亭PAVILION51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER 52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶STAIR 54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站EXERCISE STATION 56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK 58.人行漫步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算:estimate/cost estimate;估算类型:types of estimate;详细估算:是偏差幅度最小的估算,defined estimate;设备估算:equipment estimate;分析估算:analysis estimate;报价估算:roposal estimate;控制估算:control estimate;初期控制估算:interim control estimate/initial control estimate批准的控制估算:initial approved cost核定估算:check estimate首次核定估算:first check estimate二次核定估算:production check estimate人工时估算:man hour estimate材料费用/直接材料费用:material cost/direct material cost设备费用/设备购买费用:equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用:bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material施工费用:construction cost施工人工费用:labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工费用:labor cost associated with equipment散装材料施工安装人工费用:labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估算定额:standard manhours施工人工时估算定额:standard labor manhours标准工时定额:standard hours劳动生产率:labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio修正的人工时估算值:adjusted manhours人工时单价:manhours rate施工监督费用:cost of construction supervision施工间接费用:cost of contruction indirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用:subcontract cost/field subcontract cost公司本部费用:home office cost公司管理费用:overhead非工资费用:non payroll开车服务费用:cost of start-up services其他费用:other cost利润/预期利润:profit/expected profit服务酬金:service gains风险:risk风险分析:risk analysis风险备忘录:risk memorandum未可预见费:contingency基本未可预见费:average contingency最大风险未可预见费:maximum risk contingency用户变更/合同变更:cilent change/contract change认可的用户变更:approved client change待定的用户变更:pending client change项目变更:project change内部变更:internalchange批准的变更:authoried change强制性变更:mandatory change选择性变更:optional change内部费用转换:internal transfer认可的预计费用:anticipated approved cost 涨价值:escalation项目费用汇总报告:project cost summary report项目实施费用状态报告:project operation cost status report总价合同:lump sum contract 偿付合同:reimbursible contract预算:budget02.1 总论园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture造园学garden making, landscape gardening环境园艺学environmental horticulture 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture 园林艺术garden art 园林美学garden aesthetics园林建筑学garden architecture 园林建筑garden building园林工程garden engineering园林植物landscape plant观赏植物ornamental plant盆景miniature landscape, penjing园林garden and park 园林学史history of garden architecture园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning 园林设计garden design园林机具设备gardening machine 园林管理garden management园林生态landscape ecology 绿化greening, planting环境绿化environmental greening绿地面积green area绿地率ratio of green space城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing街道绿化street greening, street planting车行道绿化driveway greening分车带绿化dividing stripe greening人行道绿化sidewalk greening群众绿化mass planting movement郊区绿化suburban greening公路绿化highway greening铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting堤岸种植bank planting阳台绿化balcony greening窗台绿化window-sill greening 屋顶绿化roof greening垂直绿化vertical greening攀缘绿化climber greening桥头绿化bridgehead greening花园garden蔷薇园rose garden专类花园specified flower garden 花园村garden village园林城市landscape garden city松柏园conifer garden 球根园bulb garden宿根园perennial garden假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery狩猎场hunting ground街心花园street crossing center garden小游园petty street garden 水景园water garden 铺地园paved garden野趣园wild plants botanical garden 野生植物园wild plants garden乡趣园rustic garden 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape动物园zoo, zoological garden墓园cemetery garden沼泽园bog and marsh garden水生植物园aquatic plants garden学校园school garden室内花园indoor garden芳香花园fragrant garden盲人花园garden for the blind公园park, public park城市公园city park, urban park 区公园regional park儿童公园children park体育公园sports park 森林公园forest park纪念公园memorial park烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park综合公园comprehensive park文化公园cultural park文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park中央公园central park天然公园natural park海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park古迹公园historic site park河滨公园riverside park湖滨公园lakeside park路边公园roadside park, street park娱乐公园amusement park雕塑公园sculpture park休憩公园recreation park疗养公园sanatorium park国家公园national park邻里公园neighborhood park特种公园special park植物园botanical garden植物公园abeled plants park高山植物园alpine garden热带植物园tropical plants garden药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 绿地green space公共绿地public green space单位绿地unit green area城市绿地urban green space街道广场绿地street and square green area居住区绿地residential quarter green area防护绿地green area for environmental protection郊区绿地suburban green space 街坊绿地residential block green belt附属绿地attached green space 生产绿地productive plantation area苗圃nursery风景landscape, scenery自然景观natural landscape人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities草原景观prairie landscape山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape 湖泊景观lake view2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape地质景观geological landscape喀斯特景观karst landscape植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape02.2.1 中国园林史2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden皇家园林royal garden私家园林private garden 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2 西方园林史西方古典园林western classical garden意大利式园林Italian style garden英国式园林English style garden 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden西班牙式园林Spanish style garden 法兰西式园林French style garden勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden廊柱园peristyle garden, patio2.0140 绿廊xystus迷阵maze, labyrinth典型中西园林2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 阿房宫E-Pang Palace2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan未央宫Wei-Yang Palace2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 华清官Hua-Qing Palace艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden悬园Hanging Garden英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden景view, scenery, feature远景distant view 近景nearby view障景obstructive scenery, blocking view借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景leaking through scenery框景enframed scenery尾景terminal feature 主景main feature 副景secondary feature 配景objective view前景front view背景background 景序order of sceneries景点feature spot, view spot仰视景观upward landscape俯视景观downward landscape 季相景观seasonal phenomena气象景观meteorological diversity scenery 视野visual field秋色fall color, autumn color园林空间garden space开敞空间wide open space, wide space封闭空间enclosure space意境artistic conception, poetic imagery 苍古antiquity空灵spaciousness, airiness 动观in-motion viewing静观in-position viewing视错觉visual illusion园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden 对称平衡symmetrical balance2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance左右对称bilateral symmetry2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry透景线perspective line2.0198 轴线axis, axial line 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis树冠线skyline园林色彩艺术art of garden colors单色谐调monochromatic harmony复色谐调compound chromatic harmony对比色突出contrast colors accent 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony 暖色warm color 冷色cool color 色感color sense城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning绿地系统green space system公共绿地定额public green space quota公共绿地指标public green space norm 绿地布局green space layout吸引圈attractive circle 吸引距离attractive distance有效半径effective radius 绿地资源green space resource绿地效果green space effect绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space空间规划space planning 形象规划image plan2.0224 实施规划implementary plan2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space2.0227 利用频度usage frequency2.0228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs2.0229 绿地类型type of green space2.0230 环状绿型annular green space2.0231 块状绿地green plot2.0232 点状绿地green spot2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space2.0234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space2.0235 缓冲绿地buffer green space2.0236 防音绿地noise proof green space2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden2.0239 公园规划park planning2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning2.0241 总平面规划site planning2.0242 园林分区garden zoning2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area2.0247 野餐区picnic place2.0248 散步区pedestrian space2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area2.0252 草坪区lawn space绿荫区shade tree section 历史古迹区historical relics area2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area诱鸟区bird sanctuary area钓鱼区fishing center 野营区camp site游人中心visitors center 服务中心service center探险游乐场adventure ground 文化活动区cultural activities area道路系统approach system, road system环形道路系统circular road system 方格形道路系统latticed road system放射形道路系统radiate road system自然式道路系统informal road system 2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system混合式道路系统mixed style road system 园林规划图garden planning map 园林规划说明书garden planning direction城市公园系统urban park system 公园分布distribution of parks 公园类型park type, park category公园间距distance between parks 公园形式park styles游览区excursion area, open-to-public area 非游览区no-admittance area办公区administrative area服务区service center2.0281 动休息区dynamic rest space 静休息区static rest space娱乐演出区entertaining performance place 主要入口main entrance次要入口secondary entrance 人流量visitors flowrate车流量vehicle flowrate 公园道路park road 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio游人容纳量visitors capacity风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation风景学scenicology风景规划landscape plan风景设计landscape design游览路线touring route 旅游资源tourism resource2旅游地理tourism geography旅游地质tourism geology2 历史名城famous historical city文化名城famous cultural city2.0301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic天然博物馆natural open museum风景地貌natural geomorphology造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration2.0305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area2.0306 风景名胜famous scenery, famous scenic site2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot森林风景区forest scenic spot 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 2.0313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot 江河风景区river landscape district湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting2.0319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation2.0320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot2.0321 自然保护区nature protection area2.0322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research2.0323 天然纪念物natural monument2.0324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area02.5 园林设计2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map2.0327 地形图topographic map, contour map2.0328 种植设计planting design2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design造价分析cost analysis园林形式garden style 规整式园林formal garden style非规整园林informal garden style几何式园林geometric garden style自然式园林natural garden style 混合式园林mixed garden style近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden园林区划garden area division 园林分区规划garden block planning庭院花园courtyard garden前庭front yard, forecourt后庭back yard, rear yard 中庭patio 厨园kitchen yard沉[床]园sunken garden 窗园window garden 墙园wall garden宅园home garden 台地园terrace garden后花园back yard garden冬园winter garden 切花园cut flower garden 屋顶花园roof garden园林地形改造topographical reform of garden土山earth piled hill, artificial mound假山rockery, artificial rockwork太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 黄石yellowish brown stone 人造假山石artificial stone,man-made stone孤赏石monolith, standing stone 掇山piled stone hill, hill making叠石stones laying 板石flag stone2.0366 散点石scattered stone抱角石corner stone 屋基石foundation stone排衙石guard stone屏石screen stone石岸rock bank石阶stone steps汀步stepping stone on water surface附壁石stone appended to wall石花台stone flower bed石凳stone bench2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall干砌石dry stone wall假山石楼梯rock stairway石亭stone pavilion 石洞stone cavern石窟grotto2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout2.0384 拱石arch stone2.0385 拱顶石key stone2.0386 园林水景water scenes of garden2.0387 水体water body2.0388 水面water surface2.0389 水池pool2.0390 水塘pond 喷泉fountain2.0392 喷水池fountain pool2.0393 涉水池wading pool2.0394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool2.0395 睡莲池water-lily pool2.0396 喷水管布置piping schema2.0397 钓鱼塘fishing pond2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond2.0399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool2.0400 隐头喷泉secret fountain2.0401 岛园island garden半岛园peninsula garden小岛isle瀑布waterfall小瀑布cascade 湖lake 矶rock projecting over water水帘洞water curtain cave园桥garden bridge拱桥arch bridge石板桥stone slab bridge2.0412 木板桥plank bridge圆木桥log bridge亭桥pavilion bridge曲桥zigzag bridge 壁泉wall fountain饮水喷头drinking fountain植物配植plant arrangement树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs群植group planting, mass planting孤植specimen planting, isolated planting丛植clump planting2.0423 组植group planting林植forest planting列植linear planting对植opposite planting, coupled planting 环植circular planting带植belt planting 散植scattered planting, loose planting边缘种植edge planting边界种植boundary planting整形种植architectural planting2.0433 基础种植foundation planting2.0434 角隅种植corner planting2.0435 景框种植planting as enframent2.0436 门卫种植guard planting2.0437 篱恒种植fence planting2.0438 障景种植screen planting2.0439 背景种植background planting.0440 林下种植underwood planting2.0441 路边种植roadside planting2.0442 绿篱hedge2.0443 树墙espalie 庭荫树shade tree园景树specimen tree.风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest行道树avenue tree, street tree 纪念林memorial forest整型树topiary tree花篱flower hedge’刺篱thorny plants hedge常绿绿篱evergreen hedge落叶绿篱deciduous hedge高篱high hedge2.0455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence2.0456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge2.0457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge2.0458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge2.0459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge2.0460 边篱boundary fence2.0461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge2.0462 纯林pure forest2.0463 混交林mixed forest2.0464 林间隙地open space in woodland杂木林spinney 树冠覆盖面tree canopy 草坪lawn 整形草坪formal lawn 2.0469 开花草坪flowering lawn 牧场草坪meadowy land 花坛flower bed 2.0472 路边花坛roadside flower bed2.0473 带状花坛ribbon flower bed时钟花坛flower clock 盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed高设花台raised flower bed 毛毡花坛carpet bed镶嵌花坛mosaic bed铺石花坛paved bed灌木花坛shrub bed图案花坛群parterre2.0482 草药花坛herbaceous flower bed2.0483 花结花坛knot bed整形花坛formal flower bed花境flower border 花桶flower tub2.0487 植树箱planting box2.0488 活动花坛movable flower bed瓶饰garden vase 灌木花境shrub border混合花境mixed border园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design漫步路trail, footway 小径alley, path川草坪岛lawn island 安全岛traffic island, refuge island2.0497 转弯曲度turning curvature 转弯半径turning radius踏面landing pitch步石stepping stone2.0501 涉水踏步wading step错铺路crazy paving path随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 花纹路pattern path2.0505 林荫路mall林荫大道boulevard花园路parkway 林间小道path in woodland种植池planting bed树池保护格栅tree grate 树干保护套栏tree guard树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting路面线纹score line传统园林建筑traditional garden building凉亭summer shelter活树亭arbor, tent arbor 蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion茅亭thatched pavilion 竹亭bamboo pavilion茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk 回廊cloister水廊corridor on water曲廊zigzag veranda2.0524 扒山廊sloping gallery楼廊two-storied gallery 画舫painted pleasure boat石舫stone boat不击舟immovable pleasure boat诗条石poem-engraved stone slab 月洞门moon gate扶手栏杆handrail坐凳栏杆seat rail石碑stone tablet, stele园林露天剧场open garden theater园林露天舞池open garden dancing place2.0536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand2.0537 眺望台prospect deck繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse 展览温室public conservatory2.0540 月池new-moon pool2.0541 园林小品small garden ornaments磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet2.0543 园椅garden chair, garden seat园凳garden bench 园桌garden table 园灯garden lamp日规sundial 鸟浴bird bath.鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box鸟笼bird cage, bird coop 悬篮hanging basket 野鸟喂食器bird feeder额匾horizontal inscribed board楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar2.0555 引露天烤炉open barbecue2.0556 树棚living-tree pergola花架pergola 花格架trellis, treillage点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway园林施工garden layout, garden construction种植工程planting engineering大树移植big tree transplanting裸根移植bare root transplanting土球移植ball transplanting2.0565 沟植trench planting2.0566 假植heeling in, temporary planting播种草坪seeding lawn2.0568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn2.0569 假山工程rockery engineering2.0570 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling2.0571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced2.0572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks2.0574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins2.0575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials2.0576 观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub2.0577 观叶植物foliage plant2.0578 观果植物fruit-effect plant2.0579 观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches2.0580 指示植物indicating plant2.0581 主景植物accent plant2.0582 耐湿植物damp tolerant plant2.0583 抗风植物wind-resistant plant2.0584 耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plan 市花city flower2.0586 市树city tree国花national flower2.0588 国树national tree2.0589 芳香植物fragrant plant2.0590 抗污染植物pollution resistant plant2.0591 环保植物environment protecting plant2.0592 高山植物alpine plant2.0593 岩生植物rock plant2.0594 攀缘植物climbing plant, climber 地被植物ground cover plant阴生植物shade plant装饰植物decorative plant2.0598装缘植物edging plant2.0599 绿蓠植物hedge plant 草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass2.0601 花坛植物bedding plant 球根植物bulbous plant宿根植物perennial plant, perennial水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte2.0605 旱生植物xerophyte2.0606 沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant2.0607 室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant2.0608 切花cut flower2.0609 垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant2.0610 缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant针叶植物needle-leaved plant2.0612 阔叶植物broad-leaved plant斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant2.0614 松柏植物conifer2.0615 常绿植物evergreen plant2.0616 半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant2.0617 不耐寒植物tender plant2.0618 半耐寒植物half-hardy plant2.0619 耐寒植物hardy plant2.0620 耐旱植物drought enduring plant2.0621 山石材料stone material2.0622 昆山石Kunshan stone2.0623 钟乳石stalactite2.0624 灵壁石Lingbi stone2.0625 英德石Yingde stone2.0626 青石Qing stone2.0627 宣石Xuan stone2.0628 房山石Fangshan stone2.0629 观赏动物ornamental animal2.0630 观赏鸟类ornamental bird2.0631 观赏兽类ornamental beast2.0632 观赏昆虫类ornamental insect园林机械garden machine园林工具garden instrument, garden implement园林设备garden equipment 花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider种植容器planting container 圆木桩log peg 喷射装置jet bubbler滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator环动喷灌器circle sprinkler圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler 自控器automatic controller管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler 固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage 草坪加肥器lawn feeder施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner滴水喷头emitter, dripper 水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net苗木包装材料nursery stock package material麻布袋burlap bag 铁丝篮wire basket篮状种植器basket container 塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican播种盘seed tray网孔盆mesh pot含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot盆栽机potting machine换盆机repotting machine 再生纸种植器reclaimed paper container2.0664 纤维育苗器wood fiber plant grower2.0665 泥炭压制播种饼peat seeding pellet, peat seeding starter2.0666 松土除草机cultivator 旋转锄rotary hoe2.0668 切叶机foliage cutter 翻地犁uncovering plough2.0670 盖土机mounted spreader 前悬装土机front mounted loader2.0672 后缀装土机rear mounted loader 旋轴剪草机spindle mower2.0674 栽植机planting machine 植物覆盖plant mulching2.0676 覆盖物分散机mulch spreader 种子液肥喷洒机hydro seeder2.0678 修枝剪pruning shear播种器garden seeder2.0680 球根种植器bulb planter 土壤酸度探测器pH-value computer2.0682 巴效分析器fertilizer analyzer 嫁接刀grafting knife2.0684 温室设备greenhouse equipment 盆栽灌水系统pot watering system温室气候控制器greenhouse climate controller温室覆盖greenhouse covering喷雾自控系统automatic mist control system二氧化碳发生器C02 generator温度报警钟temperature alarm游览车park sightseeing bus引剪草机lawn mower动力剪草机power lawnmower畜力剪草机horse lawnmower手推剪草机hand lawnmower游人调查visitors investigation 游人统计visitors statistics游人分析garden visitors analysis 游人管理visitors management导游图tourist map 导游解说tour descri ption and direction劳动管理labour management 物资管理material handling, goods handling设备管理equipment management, facility management财务管理financial management 安全管理safety management环境监测environmental monitor植物养护管理plant maintenance and management质量管理quality management园貌维修garden feature maintenance植物整形修剪plant trimming and pruning植物病虫防治disease and insect control 园林管理规划management plan 游人意见处理treatment of visitors opinions 游人规则visitors regulation园内交通管理traffic control in park园外交通管理traffic control out of park entrance汽车停车规则parking rules 自行车停放规则bicycle parking rules开放时间opening time日常清洁卫生管理daily sanitation and hygiene management2.0723 人类生态环境human ecological environment2.0724 自然系统natural system自然资源natural resource2.0726 自然保护conservation of nature自然保存natural preservation2.0728 环境保护environmental protection环境容量environment capacity环境适宜性environment fitness 环境空气质量标准ambient air quality2.0732 共生symbiosis 互惠共生mutualism2.0734 公害public nuisance 生态绝灭ecological extinction2.0736 生态系统ecosystem 生态圈ecosphere2.0738 生态灾难ecological disaster 环境质量environmental quality2.0740 环境压力environment stress生命维持系统life-support system反馈系统feedback system 自养生物autotroph 异养生物heterotroph食物链foodchain 生物圈biosphere主体群落major community濒危植物endangered plant, threatened plant2.0749人工群落artificial community 绿色革命green revolution户外娱乐资源outdoor recreation resource原始环境系统wilderness environment system近代环境系统modern environment system乡村生活模式country life-pattern烟害smoke pollution, fume pollution雾害fog pollution 霜害frost injury 水污染water pollution土壤污染soil pollution, soil contamination园林小气候garden microclimate2.0761 环境保护植物environmental conservation plant引气候调节climatic regulation 自动调节机能homeostasis2.0764 生态平衡ecological homeostasis 森林生态系统forest ecosystem2.0766 草原生态系统prairie ecosystem滞尘植物dust holding plantAccessibility 可达性Accessible route 易达的路线advance notice 事先通知aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerobic digesters 需氧消化池aesthetic considerations 审美方面的考虑brick and concrete block walls 砖和混凝土砌块墙stone walls 石头墙wood and metal fences 木头和金属栅栏aesthetic controls 审美控制aggregate base 混合基础AIA 美国建筑师协会Anaerobic digesters 厌氧分解池APA 美国规划师协会arterial streets 主干道as-built records 施工记录ASLA 美国景观建筑师协会axioms 原理athletic facility 运动设施average walking distance 平均步行距离backfill 回填backhoe 挖沟机bar charts 横道图barrier design 障碍设计beams 大梁bearing capacity 承载力benchmarks 水准点billing 帐簿biodiversity 生物多样性bioengineering 生物工程biomass 生物量bioretention ponds 生物滞留池boardwalks 栈桥bonding company 担保公司bonuses 奖金boundary definition 边界确定boundary survey 边界测量brown fields 褐色土地bulldozers 推土机business development 商业开发business parks 商业园区cadastral survey 地籍测量camping 野营candlepower 烛光度cantilevered wall 悬臂墙cascading waterfalls瀑布叠水certificates of payment 付款证明书certifications of compliance 应允证明书cesspools 化粪池,污水坑,污水渗井,粪坑change orders 变更单changes, unauthorized 未经同意的变更channels, stormwater 雨水沟渠,槽,渠道circulation control 循环控制circulation patterns 环流模式clay lenses 粘土防渗层clay soil 粘土clean-up 清扫,清理,清除,提纯,净化clearing and grubbing 清理和除根client 业主climate zones 气候带closeout 竣工cluster treatment systems 集中式污水处理系统co-ordinates 坐标cold 寒带collected rainwater 收集起来的雨水collector streets 次干道colloidal soil 胶质土壤commercial center design 商业中心设计communication 电信community commercial 社区商业community facility standards 社区设施标准community parks and recreation planning data 社区公园和文娱体育规划资料connected imperviousness 连续的非渗透地面community scale 社区尺度community standards 社区标准compaction 压实competition pools 竞赛用游泳池composting toilets 堆肥厕所conceptualization 概念化concrete crib wall 混凝土格笼墙cones of vision 视锥conservation standards 保护标准constructed wetlands 人工湿地construction 施工brick and concrete block walls 砖和混凝土砌块墙stone walls 石头墙wood and metal fences 木头和金属栅栏construction document 施工文件construction layout 施工布局construction observation 施工监理construction permits 施工许可construction sequence 施工顺序construction survey 施工测量。
常用的景观英文(最全)
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常用的景观英文(最全)常用的景观英文(参考)1.封面cover page2.平面大样图plan detail3.铺装意向图paving image sheets4.铺装总平面图paving master plan5.灯具家具总平面图light & furniture master plan6.竖向总平面图level master plan7.手绘透视hand-drawing perspective8.功能分析function analysis9.竖向分析level analysis10.地形分析terrains analysis11.交通分析traffic analysis12.参考图片reference picture13.种植大样图detail planting14.种植设计planting design15.地形改造设计topography reform design16.地形图topographic map, contour map17.游览路线touring route18.景观节点分析图landscape node analysis19.目录content20.设计说明design explanation; introduction; design description21.总平面图master plan22.图例legend23.北方north24.透视图perspective25.索引平面图index plan26.剖面图section27.公共设施分布图publio facility plan28.分区平面图一part plan 1th29.大样detail30.景观意向图landscape images31.局部放大平面图enlargement plan32.区位分析site analysis33.植物空间分析planting space analysis34.介绍与背景introduction & background35.设计机遇design opportunities36.设计设想design vision37.设计元素design elements38.造价分析cost analysis39.施工现场服务construction site service40.概念设计conceptual design41.施工图construction drawing42.扩初设计development design43.立面elevation44.总体剖面图general section45.布置图layout plan46.基地图plot plan47.示意图presentation drawing48.场地布局site overall arrangement49.空间序列space sequence relation50.方案设计scheme design51.手绘草图sketch52.场地设计site planning53.街道家具布置意向图reference picture of street furniture54.景观景点主题分析图Landscape Theme Analysis55.灯光平面布置示意图Lighting Furniture Layout56.标识牌/背景音乐/垃圾桶布置图Marker/Background Music/GarbageBin57.现状分析existing condition analysis58.园林水景water scenes of garden59.水景 WATER FEATURE60.涌泉fountain61.喷泉water fountain62.瀑布 WATERFALL63.瀑布及跳舞喷泉WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN64.旱喷泉 DRY FOUNTAIN65.水瀑SCAPE WATERFALL66.旱溪 DRY STREAM67.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL68.嬉水池 WADING POOL69.儿童泳池 CHILDREN'S POOL70.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-271.入口跌级水景water feature at entrance72.中心水景广场center water feature plaza73.中心喷泉广场central plaza and fountain74.水中树池in water tree pool75.大型跌泉水景cascade spring water scape76.滨水码头waterfront dock77.渔人码头fisherman pier78.露天泳池outdoor swimming pool79.山涧forest and stream80.人工湖man-made lake81.叠水cascade82.荷花池lotus pond83.壁泉wall fountain84.湖lake85.睡莲池water-lily pool86.喷水池fountain pool87.水塘pond88.水池pool89.水面water surface90.水体water body91.特色水景water feature92.溪流、岩洞stream grotto93.鱼池fish pond94.生态湿地ecological wetland95.湿地wetland96.水渠water channel97.垂直水岸vertical water bank98.草地水岸lawn water bank99.石头水岸stone water bank100.园林小品small garden ornament 101.社区community102.每栋建筑入口 ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT 103.游客服务中心visitor center 104.服务中心service center105.电话亭telephone106.售楼处sales office107.架空层thru walk108.湖岸别墅lakeview villas109.山顶别墅mountain villas110.健身馆gym111.管理处management112.警卫室guard house113.园艺工作室gardener’s workshop114.温室greenhouse115.洗手间toilet116.会所clubhouse117.塔楼tower118.花架廊trellis119.特色花架feature trellis120.特色遮荫构架feature shade structure 121.凉亭 PAVILION122.户外淋浴 OUTDOOR SHOWER123.拉膜结构 TENSILE STRUCTURE124.造型张拉膜plastic velamen125.张拉膜、膜结构membrane126.弧形玻璃廊架arc glass pergola127.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE128.木质观景方亭wooden pavilion129.曲廊zigzag veranda130.水廊corridor on water131.茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk132.竹亭bamboo pavilion133.茅亭thatched pavilion134.回廊cloister135.休憩凳seating bench136.石景 ROCK137.散点石scattered stone 138.叠石stones laying139.孤赏石monolith, standing stone 140.黄石yellowish stone141.干砌石dry stone wall142.石洞stone cavern143.石岸rock bank144.石阶stone steps145.汀步stepping stone on water surface 146.石凳stone bench147.巨石景观giant stones148.园椅garden chair, garden seat149.园凳garden bench150.园桌garden table151.园灯garden lamp152.垃圾桶dustbin153.石碑stone tablet, stele154.坐凳栏杆seat rail155.扶手栏杆handrail156.树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting 157.假山rockery, artificial rock158.雕塑sculpture159.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE160.主题雕塑feature sculpture161.特色景墙feature wall162.游船boating163.道路系统road system164.导游图tourist map165.公园道路park road166.小区道路neighbourhood road167.小区主干道main loop road168.环山小径mountain trail169.河滨散步道riverfront walk170.石子路stone path171.健身步道health walk/jogging trail172.按摩道therapeutic massage area173.晨跑小路 JOGGING FOOTPATH174.车道/人行道 DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK175.木栈道board walk176.散步道promenade177.林间小道path in woodland178.林荫大道boulevard179.林阴步道pedestrian promenade180.景观隔离带landscape buffer181.高速路freeway182.步石stepping stone183.小径alley, path184.漫步路trail, footway185.木桥 TIMBER BRIDGE186.吊桥 HANGING BRIDGE187.桥 BRIDGE188.曲桥zigzag bridge189.木板桥plank bridge190.石板桥stone slab bridge191.拱桥arch bridge192.园桥garden bridge193.缆索桥cable bridge194.架空桥bridge over path195.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1196.入口广场ENTRY PLAZA197.特色入口 ENTRY FEATURE198.石景广场 ROCKERY PLAZA199.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )200.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行 ) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )201.商业中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.202.人行天桥pedestrian overpass203.人行主入口main entrance path204.车行入口vehicle entrance205.车库入口parking entry206.休闲区relaxing area207.果园orchard grove208.平台花园podium garden209.下沉庭院sunken garden210.水上乐园water park211.儿童游乐园children’s activity garden212.儿童沙坑kids sand pit213.体育公园sports park214.禅学花园zen court215.欧式庭院european garden216.后花园back yard garden217.屋顶花园roof garden218.台地园terrace garden219.中庭patio220.后庭back yard, rear yard 221.前庭front yard, forecourt222.儿童娱乐区children’s play area223.健身区fitness station224.休息区seating area225.坐憩空间seating area226.开放空间open space227.封闭空间enclosure space228.开敞空间wide open space, wide space 229.过渡空间pass over space230.私密空间private space231.老年活动空间aged peoples area232.儿童活动空间kids play area233.开放广场open plaza234.林荫广场plaza under trees235.小型音乐广场minor musical plaza236.中心休闲广场center leisure plaza237.会所前广场club plaza238.儿童乐园 CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 239.日艺园 JAPANESE GARDEN240.中心广场 CENTRAL PLAZA241.健身广场 EXERCISE PLAZA242.森林 FOREST GARDEN243.石景园 ROCKERY GARDEN244.绿地grass field(草坡)245.老年锻炼场elderly exercise area246.攀爬网net crawl247.冒险步径adventure trail248.攀岩区rock climbing249.野餐区picnic area250.野营区camp area251.户外烧烤区bbq area252.放风筝区kite-flying area253.漫步广场 WALKWAY PLAZA254.篮球场 BASKETBALL COURT255.网球场 TENNIS COURT256.足球场FOOTBALL FIELD257.羽毛球场 BADMINTON COURT258.地下停车场basement parking; underground parking 259.停车位car parking260.停车场 PARKING AREA261.自行车位bicycle parking area262.铺地paving263.草级休息台阶stepping lawn seating264.特色铺装feature paving265.梯级草坪terraced lawn266.小岛islet267.木平台timber deck268.亲水台阶waterfront stepping seat269.滨水木栈平台lakeside wood deck270.观演台阶seating steps271.台阶 STAIR272.观景台VIEWING TERRACE ; VIEWING DECK273.阶梯坐台/种植槽 TERRACING SEAT/PLANTER274.卵石铺地white pebble275.高尔夫绿地golf green276.眺望台prospect deck277.露天音乐台outdoor music stand278.花坛flower bed279.暖色warm color280.冷色cool color281.开放草坪open lawn;grand lawn282.种植池planting bed283.活动花坛movable flower bed284.植树箱planting box285.花桶flower tub286.花境flower border287.开花草坪flowering lawn288.草坪lawn289.苗圃nursery290.竹园 BAMBOO GARDEN291.遮荫优型树shady specimen tree 292.特色风景树specimen tree 293.绿篱hedge294.花篱flower hedge'295.整剪绿篱clipped hedge 296.迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge 297.图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge 298.常绿绿篱evergreen hedge 299.落叶绿篱deciduous hedge 300.行道树avenue tree, street tree 301.庭荫树shade tree302.树墙espalier303.树阵tree court304.特色土丘feature mound305.特色种植feature planting306.群植树丛dense planting 307.林下种植underwood planting 308.背景种植background planting 309.散植scattered planting 310.带植belt planting311.环植circular planting 312.对植opposite planting 313.列植linear planting314.林植forest planting 315.丛植clump planting316.孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 317.群植group planting318.野生植物园wild plants garden319.攀缘植物climbing plant, climber320.地被植物ground cover plant321.阴生植物shade plant322.宿根植物perennial plant, perennial323.水生植物aquatic plant324.旱生植物xerophytes325.针叶植物needle-leaved plant326.阔叶植物broad-leaved plant327.常绿植物evergreen plant328.半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant 329.沥青asphalt330.陶瓷、陶瓷制品ceramic331.小圆石、小鹅卵石cobble332.粘土clay333.碎砾石crushed gravel334.碎石混凝土crushed stone concrete335.碎石crushed stone336.石灰cement337.磨砂玻璃frosted glass338.砂岩grit stone/sand stone339.花岗石、花岗岩granite340.卵石gravel341.碎石片galleting342.墙面地砖材料ground pavement material 343.轻质板岩light slates344.灰土lime earth345.马赛克mosaic346.粗毛石rough rubble347.钢筋reinforcement。
现代园林植物配置现状分析发展对策
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浅谈现代园林植物配置现状分析与发展对策摘要:本人针对现代园林植物配置现状分析与发展对策做了一些理论和实践的探讨,内容主要包括现代园林植物配置存在的问题,并对现代园林植物配置发展对策进行了介绍。
关键词:现代园林;植物配置abstract: according to the modern garden plant with my current situation analysis and development countermeasures to do some theory and practice, this paper mainly including modern garden plant configuration, and the problems of modern garden plant configuration development countermeasures are introduced in this paper.key words: the modern garden; plant configuration中图分类号:s688文献标识码:a文章编号:园林植物是城市绿化中有生命的主要题材,是构成良性生态环境的主导因素。
它不仅保护了我们赖以生存的环境,而且具有综合观赏的特性;它不但以其自身的型、色、香形成园林造景的主题,而且还可陪衬其他造园题材产生生机盎然的画面。
实践证明,城市园林绿化建设质量的高低,在很大程度上取决于园林植物的选择与配置。
这就对现代园林绿化设计提出了要求:园林植物配置必须具备科学性和艺术性的高度统一,既要满足植物与环境在生态适应上的统一,又要通过艺术构图原理体现出植物个体及群体的形式美,以及人们在欣赏时所产生的意境美[1]。
1现代园林植物配置存在的问题1.1项目承担方设计水平有待提高植物配置实际上就是多种植物的姻缘联合,这种姻缘联合的媒婆就是设计师。
景观专业英语常用术语
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景观专业英语常用术语目录Content 设计说明Design Concept总平面Master Plan 功能分析Function Analysis交通分析Traffic Analysis 空间分析Space Analysis竖向分析Elevation Analysis 景观分析Landscape Analysis 立面图一Elevation 1 手绘透视图一Hand-DrawingPerspective 1商业街透视图Commercial Street Perspective 游泳池透视图Swimming PoolPerspective立面Elevation 剖面Section公共设施示意图public facility Images 铺装示意图Paving Images植物示意图Plants Images 景观结构分析图 StructureAnalysis材料样板图Materials Sample Production常用术语1. 目录:Contents2. 设计说明:Design Concept3. 构思草图:Sketch of Concept4. 主题:Theme5. 总平面:Master plan6. 景观分析图:Landscape Analysis7. 功能分析图:Function analysis8. 竖向分析图:Elevation analysis9. 消防交通分析图:E.V.A traffic analysis10. 人行交通分析图:Pedestrian traffic analysis11. 主入口平面图:Major Entry plan12. 主入口透视图:Major Entry perspective13. 休闲广场平面图:Relaxed plaza Plan14. 休闲广场透视图:Relaxed Plaza Perspective15. 游泳池平面:Swimming Pool Plan16. 游泳池透视:Swimming Pool Perspective17. 儿童活动区平面: Playground plan for children18. 儿童活动区透视: Playground Perspective19. 娱乐设施参考图片:Entertainment equipment20. 凉亭广场:Plaza With Pavilion21. 商业街:Commercial Street22. 地下车库入口:Basement Garage Entry23. 植物色彩意向图:Color of Plants Images24. 乔木参考图:Arbor Images25. 灌木参考图:Shrubbery Images26. 草坪:lawn27. 小品设施参考图片:Ornament Images28. 材料参考图片:Material Images29. 灯光参考图片:Lighting Images30. 断面图:Section31. 局部平面:Partial Plan32. 水系分析:Water System Analysis33. 效果及断面索引图:Index of Pers & Sect34. 入口景观区:Feature Entry Area35. 公共休闲区:Public Area for Relaxing36. 动态活动区:Motion Activity Area37. 静态活动区:Passive Activity Area38. 商业景观区:Commercial Feature Area39. 架空层景观区:Built on Stilts Feature Area40. 消防车道:E.V.A Road41. 隐形消防车道:Invisible E.V.A Road42. 消防登高面:E.V.A Area43. 园路:Garden Path44. 步行道:Pedestrian Road45. 车行道:Vehicle Road46. 商业人流人行方向:Commercial Stream of People47. 鸟瞰:Birds View48. 生态:Ecological49. 现代的:Modern50. 庭院:Courtyard51. 欧式风格:Ecological52. 中庭:Atrium53. 汀步:Step54. 亲水木栈道:Waterfront Pier55. 传统人文区:Traditional Humanist Culture Area56. 装饰柱:feature column57. 下沉广场:Sink Plaza58. 舞台:Stage59. 高差:Level60. 雕塑:Sculpture61. 码头:Dock62. 观景平台:View Deck63. 水景:Waterscape64. 铺装:Pavement65. 喷泉:fountain66. 跳泉:Jets67. 瀑布:Waterfall68. 林荫:avenue69. 景墙:Feature Wall70. 花架:Trellis71. 跌水:Cascade72. 张拉膜:Tensile Membrane73. 砾石:gravel74. 卵石:Pebble75. 中心广场:Centre Plaza76. 酒店:Hotel1. 医院:hospital2. 国际购物中心:International Mall3. 视觉上的舒适感:Visual amenity4. 重大的项目:Critical Timber Deck5. 凸地木质平台:Raised Timber Desk6. 棕榈树:Palm tree7. 幼儿园:Kindergarten8. 东南西北:East .South. .West .North9. 绿化:green10. 胡洞:alleyway11. 桥:bridge12. 曲桥:Arched bridge13. 垃圾筒:garbage Can14. 指示牌:Direction Signage /logo15. 玻璃架:glass Structure16. 厕所:Toilet /W.C17. 柳树:Willow18. 莺:Warbler19. 薰衣草:lavender20. 铝窗:Aluminum Window21. 特色顶:Feature Roof22. 篱笆:Fence23. 自然环境:Nature Environment24. 走廊:Corridor25. 马路镶边石:Kerb26. 工程细部核对:Verify Engineer Detail27. 户外空间:Outside Spa28. 线条:Striation29. 位置:Position30. 风景区:Scenic Spot31. 近景观:Short View32. 远景观:long View33. 空间围合:Spatial Containment34. 棚:Shed35. 篷:Covering36. 翠竹林:Bamboo grove37. 湖:Lake38. 河:river39. 海:Ocean/ Sea40. 岸:bank /seashore41. 溪:brook/ stream42. 人工湖:man-made Lake43. 假山:man-made Hill44. 主题公园:Theme Park45. 度假村:resort Village46. 水生植物:aquatic plants47. 水生动物:aquatic animal48. 博物馆:Museum49. 运动馆:gym50. 慢跑小径:Jogging Path51. 高尔夫场:golf spa&52. 彩色石:Color stone53. 塔: Tower54. 灯塔:Light Tower55. 标语:banner56. 座椅:Chair57. 水雾:Fog58. 城市生活情调:Urban life style59. 住宅小区:Residential Area60. 门:gate / Door61. 别墅:Villa62. 二期A :Phase 2nd A63. 高速公路:Highway64. 比例:Scale65. 阳伞:Parasol66. 轴线:axis67. 虚线:Imaginary axis68. 停车位:Parking Area69. 松树:Pine70. 大理石:Marble71. 花岗岩:granite72. 庆典:Ceremony73. 按摩池:Jacuzzi74. 钢:Steel75. 铁:iron76. 金:Gold77. 银:Silver78. 池塘:Pond79. 芦苇:Reed80. 枫叶:Maple leaf81. 铜:Copper82. 太极:Tai-chi83. 晨练场地:Do excises Place84. 尺寸:dimensional85. 篮球场地:basketball Area86. 足球场地:Soccer Area87. 网球场地:Ten is Area88. 羽毛球场地:Badminton Area89. 排球场地:volley ball90. 建筑方案:Architecture Plan91. 详细的:Specific92. 艺术品:Artwork93. 软铺装:Soft Paving94. 硬铺装:hard paving95. 水车:Water wheel96. 水循环:water Circulation97. 当地历史:Local history98. 风土人情:Local Custom99. 互相影响:Integration100. 快艇:yacht101. 小岛:Island102. 家具:Furniture103. 叶片状:leaf Shape104. 中色调:neural color105. 风帆:sail106. 综合的:comprehensive107. 成果(设计):achievement 108. 框架:frame109. 施工现场:construction site110. 施工图:construction plan111. 垃圾回收站:garbage transform112. 荷花池:lotus pool113. 保安区:guard house114. 售楼处:sell house115. 小龙舟:dragon boat116. 框景:frame for view117. 树冠和树枝:tree canopies and trunks118. 节点空间:threshold place119. 细节:detail120. 住宅区:residential area121. 清凉和安静:cool and clam122. 孤植树:isolated single tree123. 入口空间:entrance space124. 过渡空间:transition space125. 红线:boundary126. 扩初设计:development design127. 紫色:purple128. 红、橙、蓝、绿、黄、灰:red, orange, blue, green , yellow ,grey 129. 庇护:refuge130. 远望:vistas131. 视线:prospect医科大学第二附属医院The 2nd Subsidiary Hospital of Medical University 2 通用术语2.O.1 园林学 landscape architecture,garden architecture2.O.2 园林 garden and park2.O.3 绿化 greening ,planting2.0.4 城市绿化 urban greening,urban planting2.O.5 城市绿地 urban green space3 城市绿地系统3.1 城市绿地3.1.1 公园绿地 public park3.1.2 公园 park3.1.3 儿童公园 children park3.1.4 动物园 zoo3.1.5 植物园 botanical garden3.1.6 墓园 cemetery garden3.1.7 盆景园 penjng garden ,miniature landscape3.1.8 盲人公园 park for the blind3.1.9 花园 garden3.1.10 历史名园 historical garden and park3.1.11 风景名胜公园 famous scenic park3.1.12 纪念公园 memorial park3.1.13 街旁绿地 roadside green space3.1.14 带状公园 linear park3.1.15 专类公园 theme park3.1.16 岩石园 rock garden3.1.17 社区公园 community park3.1.18 生产绿地 productive plantation area3.1.19 防护绿地 green buffer ,green area for environmental protection3.1.20 附属绿地 attached green space3.1.21 居住绿地 green space attached to housing estate ,residential green s pace3.1.22 道路绿地 green space attached to urban road and square3.1.23 屋顶花园 roof garden3.1.24 立体绿化 vertical planting3.1.25 风景林地 scenic forest land3.2.1 城市绿地系统 urban green space system3.2.2 城市绿地系统规划 urban green space system planning3.2.3 绿化覆盖面积 green coverage3.2.4 绿化覆盖率 percentage of greenery coverage3.2.5 绿地率 greening rate ,ratio of green space3.2.6 绿带 green belt3.2.7 楔形绿地 green wedge3.2.8 城市绿线 boundary line of urban green space4.1.1 园林史 landscape history ,garden history4.1.2 古典园林 classical garden4.1.3 囿 hunting park4.1.4 苑 imperial park4.1.5 皇家园林 royal garden4.1.6 私家园林 private garden4.1.7 寺庙园林 monastery garden4.2.1 园林艺术 garden art4.2.2 相地 site investigation 泛指对园址场地条件的勘察、体察、分析和利用。
种植英语作文模板
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种植英语作文模板英文回答:Planting: An Essential Guide for Beginners。
Introduction。
Planting is a fundamental aspect of gardening, providing the foundation for a thriving ecosystem. By nurturing seeds, cuttings, or established plants into the soil, you embark on a journey of cultivation and nourishment. Whether you desire a vibrant array of flowers, a bountiful harvest of vegetables, or the tranquil ambiance of lush greenery, planting is the cornerstone of your horticultural endeavors.Choosing the Right Soil。
The type of soil you use plays a crucial role in the success of your plants. Each species has specific soilrequirements, so it's essential to research the soil preferences of your intended plants. Factors to consider include drainage, texture, pH level, and nutrient content.Sandy soil, with its coarse texture and excellent drainage, is well-suited for plants that prefer drier conditions, such as cacti and succulents. Clay soil, on the other hand, retains moisture well but can become compacted and impede drainage. It's ideal for plants that thrive in moist environments, such as ferns and hydrangeas.Loam soil, a combination of sand, silt, and clay, provides a balanced blend of drainage and moisture retention. It's a versatile soil type suitable for a wide range of plants.Seed Selection and Preparation。
园林专业英语术语
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园林术语园garden园丁gardener园廊veranda园林park and garden园林驳岸revetment in garden园林布局garden layout园林陈设garden furniture园林底图garden base map园林地形garden topography园林地形改造topographic treatment of garden园林雕塑garden sculpture园林工程garden engineering园林构图composition of garden园林管理landscape management园林规划park and garden planning园林化gardenization园林建设park and garden construction园林建筑garden structure园林空间garden room园林理水water treatment of garden园林绿地garden green area园林绿地布局garden green area layout园林绿化landscaping园林美学garden aesthetics园林苗圃garden nursery园林铺路garden pavement园林色彩garden color园林色彩构图garden color composition园林色彩调和garden color harmony园林色彩效果garden color effect园林色彩学garden color chromatics园林设计park and garden design园林设计师landscape architect园林树木landscape woody plant, landscape tree and shrub 园林四季色彩seasonal colors in gardening园林小气候garden microclimate园林学landscape architecture园林养护park maintenance园林艺术garden art园林艺境poetic imagery of garden园林栅栏garden fence园林植物garden plant园林植物配置planting arrangement园林植物育种landscape plant breeding园林种植设计garden planting design园林总平面图garden general layout园林总体规划garden overall plan园路pave园路工程garden pavement engineering园门garden entrance园墙garden wall园桥garden bridge园亭garden pavilion园屋garden house园艺horticulture园用筛garden sieve古代园林ancient garden, historical garden 古典建筑classic architecture古典式classic style古典党派classical school古树age-old tree古树名木old tree and famous wood现代园林modern garden花卉flowers and plants花卉布置flowers arrangement花卉干旱处理floral draught treatment花卉冷藏处理floral cold treatment花卉品种分类系统systematic floricattase花卉色谱flower color chart花卉业florist industry花卉园艺系floriculture花卉展览flower show花卉装饰flower decoration花架flower trellis, pagoda花镜flower border花? splice花篮flower basket花候flowercence, flowering season 花卉布置flower arrangement花被卷造式aestivations花部退化状态antholysis花色flower color花束bouquet花坛flower bed花坛植物bedding plant花萼scape花心eye of flower花形成Flower formation花型flower form花型同性homogeny花型异性heterogamy花序inflorescence花序轴rhachic花芽flower bud花芽分化flower bud differentiation花芽接fruit bud grafting花芽始?状态ripeness of flower花芽形成flower bud formation花样pattern花药anther花药培养anther culture花冠裂片corolla lobe花寇筒corolla tube花萼calix (pl. calices), calyx (pl. calyces) 花萼瓣化性calycantheng花萼裂片calyx-lobe花萼筒calyx tube花而不实no seed after blossom花粉pollen花粉败育pollen abortion花粉不育性pollen sexility花粉培养pollen culture花梗pedicel花冠corolla花灌木flowering shrub花喉gorqe花环floral hoop, garden花药?化anther ophylly花药异常anther omania花颖floriglume花园garden花原端floral apex花原?Flower primordium花运动flower movement花枝flower branch花柱style露地花卉outdoor flower宿根花卉perennial flowers球根花卉bulb flowers岩生花卉rock flowers水生花卉aquatic flowers草坪植物lawn plant地被植物grand cover plant温室花卉greenhouse flower亚灌木花卉sufruticosa flower木本花卉woody flowers兰科花卉orchid flower花格子架trellis花格墙lattice wall花篱flower hedge花轮flower whorl花轮减少oligotaxy花轮增多pleiotaxy花木flowering trees and shrubs花泥flower foam花盘clisc, disk花盆flower pot花棚架pergola花瓶vase花圃flower nursery花期antheris (单花); blooming date; blooming period; blossom;efflorescence; flowering period花期不遇flowering a synchronism花期隔离anthesis isolation花期控制anthesis control花器flower organ花器发育flower organ development花被perianth花被瓣perianth lobe, perianth segment蕨类植物fern, pteridophyte仙人掌植物cactus plants多桨植物fleshy plants盆花potted flower盆景bonsai, miniarcape, miniature landscape, penjing 盆栽pot culture盆栽苗potted seedling盆栽植物potted plant树桩盆景potted miniature tree, miniature potted-tree山水盆景potted miniature landscape观赏sightseeing观赏动物fancy animal观赏花卉ornamental flower观赏价值aesthetic value, ornamental value观赏树木ornamental trees and shrubs观赏树种ornamental tree’s species观赏园艺ornamental horticulture装饰植物decorative plants观赏植物ornamental plant观叶树foliage tree观叶植物foliage plant, leaf plant观赏竹类ornamental bamboos植物公园botanical park植物景观vegetative landscape植物空间vegetation space植物园botanical garden植穴plant hole, plant pit植株plant individual装饰decoration, ornament饰面板,装饰板decorative board, decorative panel装饰材料decorative material装饰漆decorative coating装饰图案ornamental design装饰艺术decorative paper装饰纸decorative paper饰面facing室内花园indoor garden, house garden室内花卉indoor flower室内气候indoor weather室内植物indoor plant, house plant室内装饰interior decoration室内装饰板interior finish board室内嫁接indoor grafting室外嫁接field grafting室温room temperature暗明暗图案olo-pattern暗明图案ol-pattern沉园sunken garden沉堰ground-weis沉积景观sedimentary landscape沉床花坛sunken flower bed背景栽植background planting背景适应background adaptation本底谱background spectrum避署胜地summer resort边界栽植boundary planting裱mount补植rein forerment planting补植树enriched tree, gap-cover不规则式informal style, irregular style 不规则式园林irregular garden草被rod cover草皮turf草皮犁turfing plow草皮地水道grass waterway草皮栽植turf planting草坪lawn草坪更新lawn renovation草坪洒水器lawn sprinkler草坪修剪机lawn pruning machine草坪栽培turf-culture草坪植物lawn plant草图rough draft, sketch城市大气urban atmosphere城市分区city zoning城市风urban wind城市风景civic landscape城市公园urban park城市规划city planning城市规划区city planning area城市花园city garden城市化urbanization城市环境urban environment城市建设urban construction城市空地urban open space城市林业city forestry, urban forestry城市绿地定额urban green norm城市绿地定额指标urban green norm indication城市绿地系统urban green system城市绿地系统规划urban green system planning城市绿化urban afforesting and green城市绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage城市热岛效应urban heat-island effect城市森林urban forestry城市生态学urban ecology城市园林布局city garden distribution城市园林绿地规划planning of open space城市园林绿地系统system of open space池pond, pool池塘园pool garden重瓣polyphyll重瓣花double flower, multiplication flower 重瓣品种double variety重被花dichlamydeous flower重新配置reallocation, reallotment初花期initial-flowering period窗洞(口)window opening窗格状fenertriform, windowlike窗台windowsill窗扇casement窗框,窗樘frame, sash窗?slille垂直绿化vertical greening垂直投影vertical projection导游圈tourist map树池tree basal pond树丝grove树冠投影图crown mapping树冠投影crown projection树形sharp of tree, tree form树冠形crown form树木修补tree surgery树木养护tree maintenance树木移植tree transplant树木园arboretum树木造型topiary树木造型艺术topiary art树木支柱tree-prop树相树姿tree feature树种选择choice of tree species树桩盆景potted miniature tree, miniature potted-tree 专类花园specified flower garden专用绿地exclusive green space原产地provenance, seed source风障windscreen, windbreak冷床cold frame冷床播种seeding in cold frame冷床催芽cold frame forced germination冷床育苗seeding in cold frame温床frame, hotbed温床播种frame seeding温床催根forced rooting in frame温床育苗growing seedling in hotbed插花flower arrangement花相floral aspect(form)列植line-planting荫棚花卉shed flower食用花卉food flower, edible flower香料花卉drug flower, medical flower药用花卉fragrance flower, perfume flower热带花卉tropical flower温带花卉temperate flower寒带花卉arctic flower, frigid flower, boreal flower 高山花卉alpine flower促成栽培forcing culture促成温室forcing house抑制栽培inhibitory culture无土栽培soilless culture观赏价值aesthetic value, ornamental value观赏树木ornamental trees and shrubs观赏树种ornamental tree species观赏温室ornamental greenhouse观赏园艺ornamental horticulture观赏植物ornamental plant观赏植物采后处理postharvest processing of ornamental plants 观赏竹类ornamental bamboo观叶树foliage tree观叶植物foliage plant, leaf plant?花卉花卉bedding flower盆栽花卉potted flower花卉种质flower germ plasm种植密度planting density种植配置planting composition种植设计planting design切花cut flower切花保鲜keeping freshness of cutting flower切花保鲜剂floral preservation切花贮藏cut flower storage切接cut grafting切枝杂交cutting cross食虫植物insectivorous plant观赏动物fancy animal观赏花卉ornamental flower轴测axial measurement透视perspective透视图perspective drawing透视轴perspective axis投影projection投影图projection drawing投影面积projection area阴影shadow阴影法shadow method阴影线hachure line, hachures平面图plan立面图elevation平面plane剖面profile, section剖面图section, sectional drawing剖视图cutaway view, sectional view立体花坛three-dimensional flower bed对植,对称种植oppositi-planting, symmetrical planting三角形种植triangle-planting孤植,独植,单植isolated planting丛植,丛栽bunch planting聚植,集植,组植crowd planting群植,群状栽植block planting, group planting树群tree group林植patch planting散点植scattered planting修剪cutting back, pruning整形dressing, shaping整形修剪pruning, shearing体憩区recreation area整地ground preparation, site preparation, soil preparation 总体布置general arrangement总体规划general plan, master plant总体(规划)设计overall design总投资gross investment总图general drawing总控制点total inhibition point(T.I.P)纵断面longitudinal profile, longitudinal section纵断面测量profile survey纵断面设计profile design纵断面图,纵剖面图profile纵视图longitudinal view通廊altey园林建筑,庭园建筑garden architecture庭园绿化grounds greening庭园绿化树种grounds greening species庭园(house)garden, flower garden别墅villa文化公园cultural park文化景观cultural landscape体育公园sports park纪念公园memorial park纪念林memorial forest儿童公园children park儿童游戏场children’s playground游乐场(园)amusement ground, pleasure ground游憩地点recreation site游憩地区recreation area游憩设施recreation facility游园take part in a garden party, gala party 游人sight-seer游客traveler, sight-seer游览tour, go sight-seeing游记account of o ne’s travels游船pleasure-boat, yacht油画oil painting户外游憩outdoor recreation户外游憩资源outdoor recreation resource户外游戏场amusement park户外空间outdoor space国家公园national park森林公园forest park造园设计landscape design天然公园landscape park景观单元landscape unit田园城市,花园城市garden city园林郊区garden suburb节奏rhythm街道绿地street green area街道绿化street planting街坊花园neighborhood garden制图charting, map-making, drafting制表tabulating景观保护区landscape reservation景观变化aspect ion, scenery variation景观分析landscape analysis景观价值amenity value景观开发landscape development景观控制点landscape control point景观型landscape type景色landscape, scene, view景深depth of field景深方向depth direction构思work out the composition of a picture 构图composition(of a picture)台terrace台地园terrace garden台榭terraced building楼阁loft假门blank door假山artificial hill, decorative hill 叠石overlapped rocks玲珑剔透small and exquisite水景剧场water theatre视景线vista视景园vista garden丘园Kew garden花园广场garden square中央公园central park左右对称bilateral symmetry辐射对称radical symmetry风景landscape, scenery风景保护林scenic beauty protection forest 风景保护区landscape reservation风景步道scenic trails风景管理带landscape-management zone 风景规划landscape planning风景控制点landscape control point风景林amenity forest风景名胜区规划planning of scenic resort风景评价appreciation of scenery风景区scenic area风景设计landscape design风景型landscape type避暑胜地summer resort便门access door便道pilot track, pioneer road滨河园riverside garden涂白whitewash涂抹painting涂伤剂wound paint土方工程earth work底漆primer, priming paint面漆top coatCommon Prefixes of Forestry Termsa- 非,无,异常;allo-异;auto-自动,自行;bi-二;bio-生物;centi-一百;co-协同;con-同,相同,共;di- 二的,二倍;dis- 相反,分离;extra-额外的;hydr-, hydro-水,氢的;in-在内,进入,非;inter-……间的;intra-在……内的;kilo-千;meta-变异的,异质的;macro-大的;mega(lo)-大,强,兆,百万; micro-小的,微;mono-单一的;multi-多的;neo-新的;over- 在上面,超过,额外; para-同,并;pent(a)-五个;phyto-植物的;poly-多的;pre-前;proto-先,原,初;quadr-四个;quasi-准;re-再,返,回,重,共;self-自行;sub-亚,半,下,近;semi-半;stereo-立体super-超,超级,上;syn-, sym-一道,共同,同时;tetra-四个;tri-三;ultra-超级,外;uni-单一Basic Words of Forestry Terms乡土native本底(背景)background界面boundary种质germplasm分布distribution系数、指数factor,index(indices)参数parameter,parametric平均mean最大maximum最小minimum最佳optimal最优optimum期望expected, expectation 人为man-made人工artificial模拟analog区域area复合complex,combined,integrated 等效、等价equivalent,equivalence 侵蚀erosion估计estimated粗放extensive集约intensive大田、野外field固定fixed一般的,广义generalized,general阔叶hardwood,broadleaf识别,判读,指示identification信息information干扰interference反馈feedback中间intermediate中等medium山间intermont, intermontance内在的,内禀intrinsic内部internal外部external,exterior外推extrapolation;调查inventory,investigation,survey 不规则irregular异常illegitimate专一,专化,特定specific线性linear随机random,stochastic范围range率rate比率ratio系数coefficient类型type,form密度density成熟maturity采伐cutting度degree退化degradation种species流失loss增长increment层layer厚度thickness景观landscape平衡balance速生rapidly growing回归regression区域region相对relative 可靠reliability样本sample样地plot样点point地形relief残存、残遗relict残余、残存、剩余residual断面刨面sectional主要primary次要、次生secondary立地site林分stand空间spatial连续、继承、演替succession对称symmetry同生synchronous合成synthesized系统的systematic目标、靶target过渡transitional局部localized,partial混交mixed模型model,pattern,type,form正常、正交、正态、标本、正规normal(ized)顶极climax原始original拟合best fit定期、周期periodic永久、持续、固定、稳定permanent 主principal,major,main优先priority潜在、位势、可能potential每木per-tree单位per unit定性qualitative定量quantitative预测predict原始primitive耐性tolerance生物量biomass生长growth群落community梯度gradient纯(收入)net标准standard收入income面积area支出output长度length体积volume宽度width生产力capacity次生secondary价值、评价value评价、估价assessment 演替、序列succession库pool关联的associated相关作用correlation表table循环、周期cycle曲线curve循环circulate,circulation覆盖率coverage纯pure有效的available边缘、边际edge,margin效益、效能effect模拟simulation预测、预报prediction模型、建模、标准model,modeling 模式mode林业科学通用词汇management经营、管理、经理ratio比率index指数index(指标)factor因子constant常数type、form类型density密度degradation退化site立地loss流失stand林分layer 层sample样本(sampling) 抽样maturity 成熟rotation周期thickness厚度landscape 景观inventory 测量、调查、清查balance 平衡cutting 采伐increment 增长、增量primitive,origin 原始range 范围、地域resistance 抗性tolerance 耐性net网period 期classification ,separates,divide 分类、分离background本底The Plant Body: An OverviewThere are more than 275,000 species of plants, and no one species can be used as a "typical example" of their body plans. Plants live in fresh water, in seawater, on land, even high above a forest floor (attached to other plants), and their features are correspondingly diverse. In size alone, plants range from microscopic algae to giant redwoods. Which plants, then, should be our focus? Botanists divide the plant kingdom into two broad categories:Vascular plants: with well-developed conducting tissues through which water andsolutes are transported to different body regions.Nonvascular plants: no internal transport systems (very simple ones).Because fewer than 30,000 species (the red, brown, and green algae and the bryophytes) are nonvascular, it is clear that the vascular pattern is more typical. The most familiar vascular plants are the seed-producing plants, so called spermatophyte and generally divided into gymnosperms and angiosperms:Gymnosperms: chiefly conifers, such as pines, spruces, firs, hemlocks, larches, cypress, junipers, maidenhair trees, and redwoods.Angiosperms: flowering plant s, such as poplars, willows,birches, walnuts, elms,mulberries, oaks, roses, apple trees, cherry trees, lilacs, lilies, tulips,orchids, and bamboos.The overwhelming majority of vascular plants (235,000 species) are flowering, and they will be our focus here. All vascular plants have primary tissues originating at roots and shoot tips, and as these tissues grow and develop, the roots, stems, and leaves increase in length. Collectively, these tissues are called primary growth. Many species also show secondary growth, which results in increases in diameter(girth,周长,围长) at older root and stem regions. For example,secondary growth adds to the woody parts of a maple tree; primary growth gives rise to its new shoots each spring.There are two classes of flowering plants, referred to informally as monocots and dicots. They both have a shoot system, consisting of stems and leaves, and a root system. Both produce flowers, which serve as the reproductive system. However, one of the main differences between the two classes is that monocot seeds have one cotyledon, and dicot seeds have two. Other differences between monocots and dicots are shown as follows:Monocots Dicotsone cotyledon in seed two cotyledons in seedfloral parts usually occur in threes floral parts usually occur in fivesleaf veins usually are parallel leaf veins usually are netlikemost monocots show little or many dicots show secondary growthno secondary growthpollen grains basically have one pore pollen grains basically have three pore or furrows or furrowsAn Overview of Common Plants种子植物Spermatophyte 裸子植物Gymnosperms 被子植物Angiosperms 双子叶植物Dicotyledons 单子叶植物monocotyledons松属pine 冷杉属fir云杉属spruce 落叶松属larch铁杉属hemlock 银杏maidenhair tree, Ginkgo 雪松cedar金松golden larch 杉木Chinese fir 北美红杉sequoia, R edwood巨杉Giant sequoia, giant redwood, Big-Tree 水杉metasequoia, fossil tree红豆杉yew 三尖杉属plum-yew 榧树属torreya扁柏属cedar 刺柏属juniper 柏木属cypress侧柏属Chinese thuja, Oriental Arbor-Vitae 圆柏属juniper柳属willow, osier, salon-tree 杨属poplar, cotton wood, aspen山毛榉,水青冈beech 锥栗属,栗属chestnut 栎属oak桤木,赤杨alder 桦木属birch 鹅耳枥属hornbeam铁木属hop-hornbeam 榛属hazel (tree) 榆属elm朴树属hack-berry, nettle-tree 桑属mulberry 构树paper-mulberry榕树属fig-tree 无花果fig 胡桃属walnut山核桃hickory 枫杨wing-nut 榛属nut-tree芍药属peony(牡丹tree peony)小檗属berbery 木兰属magnolia鹅掌楸tulip-tree 悬铃木plane(tree)漆树属sumac (h )槭树属maple 蔷薇属rose 树莓(悬钩子)属,dewberry 苹果apple tree 李子plum 梨pear樱桃cherry 杏apricot 桃peach山楂haw, hawthorn 梅plum 花楸属sorb, service-tree, scorb 绣线菊属meadow sweet 金合欢wattle刺槐locust 皂荚属honey-locust 胡枝子属bush-clover臭椿tree of heaven 楝树China-tree 卫矛属spindle tree南蛇藤staff-tree 冬青属holly 黄杨属box黄栌smoke-tree 茉莉属jasmine 桉树gum椴树属basswood, lime, linden 七叶树属horse chestnut 柿树属persimmon, ebony鼠李属buckthorn 枣树common jujube 葡萄grape柽柳属tamarisk 茶树tea 石榴pomegranate珙桐dove-tree 梾木dogwood 常春藤ivy杜鹃花属azalea 丁香属lilac, clove 白蜡属ash连翘golden-bell 桂花fragrant flower 楸树catalpa, bean-tree柚pomelo, pum [m]elo 柠檬树,橙lemon tree 柑桔(橘)orange忍冬属honeysuckle 枸杞boxthorn 竹类bamboo亚麻flax 草莓strawberry 郁金香tulip百合lily 兰orchid 人参ginseng。
风景园林专业英语词汇
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园林景观专业英语词汇规划planning草图sketch;rough map平面plan剖面section立面elevation透视perspective示意图diagram容积率coverage城市设计urban design; civic design区域规划regional planning步行轴ped axis总体规划general planning; master planning分区规划district planning近期建设规划immediate plan城市详细规划detailed planning控制性详细规划control detailed planning修建性详细规划site plan居住区规划residential district planning城市化urbanization城市生态urban ecology可持续发展sustainable development历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment开发区development area城市化水平urbanization level城市群agglomeration城镇体系urban system卫星城satellite town城市基础设施urban infrastructure居民点settlement市municipality; city生态基础设施ecological infrastructure牧场pasture市域administrative region of a city商业区commercial district行政中心administration center商业街commercial street科技园technological region校园规划campus planning城市中心区urban center district居住单元flat历史地段history district民政区域civil district水警区waters guard district居住区规划residential district planning 护林区ranger district工业区industrial district林木种子公园tree seed orchard快速公路thruway城市美学urban esthetics游憩空间esplanade系统工程systems engineering城市更新理论urban renewal theory绿地/绿化带greenbelt绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率ratio of green space工厂绿化landscaping within factory广场绿化landscaping of square居住区绿化landscaping of residential area谷底植栽场improved vegetation & wild life公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building 室内绿化indoor garden城市绿化urban virescence城市绿化系统urban green space system公共绿地public green space专用绿地specified green space防护绿地green buffer建筑空间architecture剧院show place; theater茶楼(馆)caff;tea shop专卖店monopolistic shop博物馆museum电影院cinema;movie house商场emporium; shopping mall体育馆palaestra青少年宫callan house; children’s palace图书馆library棋牌室relaxation room健身房gymnasium书店book store客厅parlor阳台balcony浴室bathroom橱柜cabinet合院式建筑courtyard building餐厅dining-room; dining hall入口entrance厨房kitchen屋顶roof小孩房kid room儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse起居室living room门廊porch更衣室change room休息室pavilion私家花园private garden居民resident共享地带shared zone工人房servants hall比例scale元素element会议中心conference center园林景观view of the garden乔木arbor灌木shrub铺石band stone地下车库car park bellow曲线形铺地curved paving bands庭园cartilage; Garth标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard瀑布fall步道footpath园桥garden bridge园林garden and park草本植物herbage藤本植物liane蔓本植物liana砌石natural cut stone铺地pave亭,阁pavilion榭pavilion on terrace植被planting花坛planting beds大广场plaza台platform栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台timber deck草坪turf;grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地区waterfront茶亭tea house木亭log cabin遮阳亭shade structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行&人行)MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行)2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景 WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场 MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台 TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园 BAMBOO GARDEN9.漫步广场 WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥 TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台 ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥 HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特色踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD19.儿童乐园 CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND20.旱冰道 SLIDE21.羽毛球场 BADMINTON COURT22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园 JAPANESE GARDEN24.旱喷泉 DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台 VIEWING DECK26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL27.极可意 JACUZZI28.嬉水池 WADING POOL29.儿童泳池 CHILDREN'S POOL30.蜿蜒水墙 WINDING WALL31.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场 CENTRAL PLAZA33.健身广场 EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥 BRIDGE35.交流广场 MEDITATING PLAZA36.趣味树阵 TREE BATTLE FORMATION37.停车场 PARING AREA38.特色花架 TRELLIS39.雕塑小道 SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫)轻击区 PUTTING GREEN41.高尔夫球会所 GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑入口 ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT43.篮球场 BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场 TENNIS COURT45.阶梯***/种植槽 TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场 MAIN PLAZA47.森林、瀑布 FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL48.石景园 ROCKERY GARDEN49.旱溪 DRY STREAM50.凉亭 PAVILION51.户外淋浴 OUTDOOR SHOWER52.拉膜结构 TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶 STAIR54.高尔夫球车停车场 PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站 EXERCISE STATION56.晨跑小路 JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道/人行道 DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK58.人行漫步道 PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇估算/费用估算:estimate/cost estimate;估算类型:types of estimate;详细估算:是偏差幅度最小的估算,defined estimate;设备估算:equipment estimate;分析估算:analysis estimate;报价估算:roposal estimate;控制估算:control estimate;初期控制估算:interim control estimate/initial control estimate批准的控制估算:initial approved cost核定估算:check estimate首次核定估算:first check estimate二次核定估算:production check estimate人工时估算:man hour estimate材料费用/直接材料费用:material cost/direct material cost设备费用/设备购买费用:equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用:bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material 施工费用:construction cost施工人工费用:labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工费用:labor cost associated with equipment散装材料施工安装人工费用:labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估算定额:standard manhours施工人工时估算定额:standard labor manhours标准工时定额:standard hours劳动生产率:labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio修正的人工时估算值:adjusted manhours人工时单价:manhours rate施工监督费用:cost of construction supervision施工间接费用:cost of contruction indirects分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用:subcontract cost/field subcontract cost公司本部费用:home office cost公司管理费用:overhead非工资费用:non payroll开车服务费用:cost of start-up services其他费用:other cost利润/预期利润:profit/expected profit服务酬金:service gains风险:risk风险分析:risk analysis风险备忘录:risk memorandum未可预见费:contingency基本未可预见费:average contingency最大风险未可预见费:maximum risk contingency用户变更/合同变更:cilent change/contract change认可的用户变更:approved client change待定的用户变更:pending client change项目变更:project change内部变更:internalchange批准的变更:authoried change强制性变更:mandatory change选择性变更:optional change内部费用转换:internal transfer认可的预计费用:anticipated approved cost涨价值:escalation项目费用汇总报告:project cost summary report项目实施费用状态报告:project operation cost status report 总价合同:lump sum contract偿付合同:reimbursible contract预算:budget02.1总论2.0001园林学 landscape architecture, garden architecture 2.0002造园学 garden making, landscape gardening2.0003环境园艺学 environmental horticulture2.0004观赏园艺学 ornamental horticulture2.0005园林艺术 garden art2.0006园林美学 garden aesthetics2.0007园林建筑学 garden architecture2.0008园林建筑 garden building2.0009园林工程 garden engineering2.0010园林植物 landscape plant2.0011观赏植物 ornamental plant2.0012盆景 miniature landscape, penjing2.0013园林 garden and park2.0014园林学史 history of garden architecture2.0015园林规划 garden planning, landscaping planning2.0016园林设计 garden design2.0017园林机具设备 gardening machine2.0018园林管理 garden management2.0019园林生态 landscape ecology2.0020绿化 greening, planting2.0021环境绿化 environmental greening2.0022绿地面积 green area2.0023绿地率 ratio of green space2.0024城市绿化覆盖率 urban green coverage2.0025工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing 2.0026街道绿化 street greening, street planting2.0027车行道绿化 driveway greening2.0028分车带绿化 dividing stripe greening2.0029人行道绿化 sidewalk greening2.0030群众绿化 mass planting movement2.0031郊区绿化 suburban greening2.0032公路绿化 highway greening2.0033铁路绿化 railway greening, railway planting 2.0034堤岸种植 bank planting2.0035阳台绿化 balcony greening2.0036窗台绿化 window-sill greening2.0037屋顶绿化 roof greening2.0038垂直绿化 vertical greening2.0039攀缘绿化 climber greening2.0040桥头绿化 bridgehead greening2.0041花园 garden2.0042专类花园 specified flower garden2.0043花园村 garden village2.0044园林城市 landscape garden city2.0045蔷薇园 rose garden2.0046松柏园 conifer garden2.0047球根园 bulb garden2.0048宿根园 perennial garden2.0049假山园 rock garden, Chinese rockery2.0050狩猎场 hunting ground2.0051街心花园 street crossing center garden2.0052小游园 petty street garden2.0053水景园 water garden2.0054铺地园 paved garden2.0055野趣园 wild plants botanical garden2.0056野生植物园 wild plants garden2.0057乡趣园 rustic garden2.0058盆景园 penjing garden, miniature landscape 2.0059动物园zoo, zoological garden2.0060墓园 cemetery garden2.0061沼泽园 bog and marsh garden2.0062水生植物园 aquatic plants garden2.0063学校园 school garden2.0064室内花园 indoor garden2.0065芳香花园 fragrant garden2.0066盲人花园 garden for the blind2.0067公园 park, public park2.0068城市公园 city park, urban park2.0069区公园 regional park2.0070儿童公园 children park2.0071体育公园 sports park2.0072森林公园 forest park2.0073纪念公园 memorial park2.0074烈士纪念公园 martyr memorial park2.0075综合公园 comprehensive park2.0076文化公园 cultural park2.0077文化休憩公园 cultural and recreation park2.0078中央公园 central park2.0079天然公园 natural park2.0080海滨公园 seaside park, seabeach park2.0081古迹公园 historic site park2.0082河滨公园 riverside park2.0083湖滨公园 lakeside park2.0084路边公园 roadside park, street park2.0085娱乐公园 amusement park2.0086雕塑公园 sculpture park2.0087休憩公园 recreation park2.0088疗养公园 sanatorium park2.0089国家公园 national park2.0090邻里公园 neighborhood park2.0091特种公园 special park2.0092植物园 botanical garden2.0093植物公园abeled plants park2.0094高山植物园alpine garden2.0095热带植物园tropical plants garden2.0096药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097绿地green space2.0098公共绿地 public green space2.0099单位绿地 unit green area2.0100城市绿地 urban green space2.0101街道广场绿地 street and square green area2.0102居住区绿地 residential quarter green area2.0103防护绿地 green area for environmental protection 2.0104郊区绿地 suburban green space2.0105街坊绿地 residential block green belt2.0106附属绿地 attached green space2.0107生产绿地 productive plantation area2.0108苗圃 nursery2.0109风景 landscape, scenery2.0110自然景观 natural landscape2.0111人文景观 human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112草原景观 prairie landscape2.0113山岳景观 mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114地理景观 geographical landscape2.0115湖泊景观 lake view2.0116郊区景观 suburban landscape2.0117地质景观 geological landscape2.0118喀斯特景观 karst landscape2.0119植物景观 plants landscape, flora landscape02.2.1中国园林史2.0120中国古典园林 classical Chinese garden2.0121中国传统园林 traditional Chinese garden2.0122中国古代园林 ancient Chinese garden2.0123中国山水园 Chinese mountain and water garden 2.0124帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden2.0125皇家园林 royal garden2.0126私家园林 private garden2.0127江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta02.2.2西方园林史2.0128西方古典园林 western classical garden2.0129英国式园林 English style garden2.0130中英混合式园林 Anglo-Chinese style garden2.0131意大利式园林 Italian style garden2.0132西班牙式园林 Spanish style garden2.0133法兰西式园林 French style garden2.0134勒诺特尔式园林 Le Notre’s style garden2.0135文艺复兴庄园 Renaissance style villa2.0136洛可可式园林 Rococo style garden2.0137巴洛克式园林 Baroque style garden2.0138庄园 manor, villa garden2.0139廊柱园 peristyle garden, patio2.0140绿廊 xystus2.0141迷阵 maze, labyrinth02.2.3典型中西园林2.0142灵囿 Ling You Hunting Garden2.0143灵沼 Ling Zhao Water Garden2.0144灵台 Ling Tai Platform Garden2.0145阿房宫 E-Pang Palace2.0146上林苑 Shang-Lin Yuan2.0147未央宫 Wei-Yang Palace2.0148洛阳宫 Luoyang Palace2.0149华清官 Hua-Qing Palace2.0150艮岳 Gen Yue Imperial Garden2.0151圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden2.0152颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153承德避暑山庄 Chengde Imperial Summer Resort 2.0154苏州园林 Suzhou traditional garden2.0155悬园 Hanging Garden2.0156英国皇家植物园 Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 2.0157凡尔赛宫苑 Versailles Palace Park2.0158枫丹白露宫园 Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3园林艺术2.0159景 view, scenery, feature2.0160远景 distant view2.0161近景 nearby view2.0162障景 obstructive scenery, blocking view2.0163借景 borrowed scenery, view borrowing2.0164对景 opposite scenery, view in opposite place2.0165缩景 miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery2.0166漏景 leaking through scenery2.0167框景 enframed scenery2.0168尾景 terminal feature2.0169主景 main feature2.0170副景 secondary feature2.0171配景 objective view2.0172夹景 vista line, vista2.0173前景 front view2.0174背景 background2.0175景序 order of sceneries2.0176景点 feature spot, view spot2.0177仰视景观 upward landscape2.0178俯视景观 downward landscape2.0179季相景观 seasonal phenomena2.0180气象景观 meteorological diversity scenery2.0181视野 visual field2.0182秋色 fall color, autumn color2.0183园林空间 garden space2.0184开敞空间 wide open space, wide space2.0185封闭空间 enclosure space2.0186意境artistic conception, poetic imagery2.0187苍古 antiquity2.0188空灵 spaciousness, airiness2.0189动观 in-motion viewing2.0190静观in-position viewing2.0191视错觉 visual illusion2.0192园林艺术布局 artistic layout of garden2.0193对称平衡 symmetrical balance2.0194不对称平衡 asymmetrical balance2.0195左右对称 bilateral symmetry2.0196辐射对称 radial symmetry2.0197透景线 perspective line2.0198轴线 axis, axial line2.0199主轴 main axis 2.0200副轴 auxiliary axis2.0201暗轴 hidden axis, invisible axis2.0202树冠线 skyline2.0203园林色彩艺术 art of garden colors2.0204单色谐调 monochromatic harmony2.0205复色谐调 compound chromatic harmony2.0206对比色突出 contrast colors accent2.0207近似色谐调 approximate colors harmony2.0208暖色 warm color2.0209冷色 cool color2.0210色感 color sense2.0211城市绿地系统规划 urban green space system planning 2.0212绿地系统 green space system2.0213公共绿地定额 public green space quota2.0214公共绿地指标 public green space norm2.0215绿地布局 green space layout2.0216吸引圈 attractive circle2.0217吸引距离 attractive distance2.0218有效半径 effective radius2.0219绿地资源 green space resource2.0220绿地效果 green space effect2.0221绿地规划程序 planning procedure of the green space 2.0222空间规划 space planning2.0223形象规划 image plan2.0224实施规划 implementary plan2.0225必要生活空间 necessary living space2.0226余暇生活空间 leisure time living space2.0227利用频度 usage frequency2.0228树种规划 planning of trees and shrubs2.0229绿地类型 type of green space2.0230环状绿型 annular green space2.0231块状绿地 green plot2.0232点状绿地 green spot2.0233放射状绿地 radiate green space2.0234楔状绿地 wedge-shaped green space2.0235缓冲绿地 buffer green space2.0236防音绿地 noise proof green space2.0237科学景观论 scientific landscape theory2.0238园林保留地 reserve garden2.0239公园规划 park planning2.0240园林总体规划 garden master planning2.0241总平面规划 site planning2.0242园林分区 garden zoning2.0243安静休息区 tranquil rest area2.0244儿童活动区 children playing space2.0245儿童游戏场 children playground, playlot2.0246体育运动区 sports activities area2.0247野餐区 picnic place2.0248散步区 pedestrian space2.0249群众集会区 mass meeting square2.0250观赏植物区 ornamental plants area2.0251观赏温室区 display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252草坪区 lawn space2.0253绿荫区 shade tree section2.0254历史古迹区 historical relics area2.0255青少年活动区 youngsters activities area2.0256诱鸟区 bird sanctuary area2.0257钓鱼区 fishing center2.0258野营区 camp site2.0259游人中心 visitors center2.0260服务中心 service center2.0261探险游乐场 adventure ground2.0262文化活动区 cultural activities area2.0263道路系统 approach system, road system2.0264环形道路系统 circular road system2.0265方格形道路系统 latticed road system2.0266放射形道路系统 radiate road system2.0267自然式道路系统 informal road system2.0268规整式道路系统 formal road system2.0269混合式道路系统 mixed style road system2.0270园林规划图 garden planning map2.0271园林规划说明书 garden planning direction2.0272城市公园系统 urban park system2.0273公园分布 distribution of parks2.0274公园类型 park type, park category2.0275公园间距 distance between parks2.0276公园形式 park styles2.0277游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area2.0278非游览区 no-admittance area2.0279办公区 administrative area2.0280服务区 service center2.0281动休息区 dynamic rest space2.0282静休息区 static rest space2.0283娱乐演出区 entertaining performance place2.0284主要入口 main entrance2.0285次要入口 secondary entrance2.0286人流量 visitors flowrate2.0287车流量 vehicle flowrate2.0288公园道路 park road2.0289公园水陆面积比率 land-water ratio2.0290游人容纳量 visitors capacity2.0291风景资源调查 landscape resource evaluation 2.0292风景学 scenicology2.0293风景规划 landscape plan2.0294风景设计 landscape design2.0295游览路线 touring route2.0296旅游资源 tourism resource2.0297旅游地理 tourism geography2.0298旅游地质 tourism geology2.0299历史名城 famous historical city2.0300文化名城 famous cultural city2.0301文化遗址 ancient cultural relic2.0302天然博物馆 natural open museum2.0303风景地貌 natural geomorphology2.0304造型地貌 imaginative geomorphologic figuration 2.0305风景区 scenic spot, scenic area2.0306风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site 2.0307特异景观风景区 specific natural scenes area 2.0308民族风俗风景区 scenic spot of minority customs 2.0309高山风景区 alpine scenic spot2.0310海滨风景区 seabeach scenic spot2.0311森林风景区 forest scenic spot2.0312高山草甸风景区 alpine tundra landscape spot 2.0313峡谷风景区 valley scenic spot2.0314江河风景区 river landscape district2.0315湖泊风景区 lake round scenic spot2.0316温泉风景区 hot spring scenic spot2.0317瀑布风景区 waterfall scenic spot2.0318禁伐禁猎区 region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319封山育林区 region closed for afforestation2.0320天池风景区 crater lake scenic spot2.0321自然保护区 nature protection area2.0322科学保护区 protection area for scientific research2.0323天然纪念物 natural monument2.0324生物圈保护区 biosphere protection area02.5园林设计2.0325园林设计师 landscape architect, garden designer2.0326园址测量图 garden site survey map2.0327地形图 topographic map, contour map2.0328种植设计 planting design2.0329地形改造设计 topographical reform design2.0330种植大样图 detail planting design2.0331造价分析 cost analysis2.0332园林形式 garden style2.0333规整式园林 formal garden style2.0334非规整园林 informal garden style2.0335几何式园林 geometric garden style2.0336自然式园林 natural garden style2.0337混合式园林 mixed garden style2.0338近代巴洛克式园林 modern Baroque style2.0339马克斯抽象园林 R.B. Marx abstract garden2.0340园林区划 garden area division2.0341园林分区规划 garden block planning2.0342庭院花园 courtyard garden2.0343前庭 front yard, forecourt2.0344后庭 back yard, rear yard2.0345中庭 patio2.0346厨园 kitchen yard2.0347沉[床]园 sunken garden2.0348窗园 window garden2.0349墙园 wall garden2.0350宅园 home garden2.0351台地园 terrace garden2.0352冬园 winter garden2.0353切花园 cut flower garden2.0354屋顶花园 roof garden2.0355后花园 back yard garden2.0356园林地形改造 topographical reform of garden2.0357土山 earth piled hill, artificial mound2.0358假山 rockery, artificial rockwork2.0359太湖石 Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone2.0360黄石 yellowish brown stone2.0361人造假山石 artificial stone, man-made stone 2.0362孤赏石 monolith, standing stone2.0363掇山 piled stone hill, hill making2.0364叠石 stones laying2.0365板石 flag stone2.0366散点石 scattered stone2.0367抱角石 corner stone2.0368屋基石 foundation stone2.0369排衙石 guard stone2.0370屏石 screen stone2.0371石岸 rock bank2.0372石阶 stone steps2.0373汀步 stepping stone on water surface2.0374附壁石 stone appended to wall2.0375石花台 stone flower bed2.0376石凳 stone bench2.0377假山石挡土墙 rock retaining wall2.0378干砌石 dry stone wall2.0379假山石楼梯 rock stairway2.0380石亭 stone pavilion2.0381石洞 stone cavern2.0382石窟 grotto2.0383置石 stone arrangement, stone layout2.0384拱石 arch stone2.0385拱顶石 key stone2.0386园林水景 water scenes of garden2.0387水体 water body2.0388水面 water surface2.0389水池 pool2.0390水塘 pond2.0391喷泉 fountain2.0392喷水池 fountain pool2.0393涉水池 wading pool2.0394倒影池 mirror pool, reflecting pool2.0395睡莲池 water-lily pool2.0396喷水管布置 piping schema2.0397钓鱼塘 fishing pond2.0398高水位池塘 high water table pond2.0399池边坐人矮墙 seat wall surrounded pool 2.0400隐头喷泉 secret fountain2.0401岛园 island garden2.0402半岛园 peninsula garden2.0403小岛 isle2.0404瀑布 waterfall2.0405小瀑布 cascade2.0406湖 lake2.0407矶 rock projecting over water2.0408水帘洞 water curtain cave2.0409园桥 garden bridge2.0410拱桥 arch bridge2.0411石板桥 stone slab bridge2.0412木板桥 plank bridge2.0413圆木桥 log bridge2.0414亭桥 pavilion bridge2.0415曲桥 zigzag bridge2.0416壁泉 wall fountain2.0417饮水喷头 drinking fountain2.0418植物配植 plant arrangement2.0419树木配植 arrangement of trees and shrubs 2.0420群植 group planting, mass planting2.0421孤植 specimen planting, isolated planting 2.0422丛植 clump planting2.0423组植 group planting2.0424林植 forest planting2.0425列植 linear planting2.0426对植 opposite planting, coupled planting 2.0427环植 circular planting2.0428带植 belt planting2.0429散植 scattered planting, loose planting 2.0430边缘种植 edge planting2.0431边界种植 boundary planting2.0432整形种植 architectural planting2.0433基础种植 foundation planting2.0434角隅种植 corner planting2.0435景框种植 planting as enframent2.0436门卫种植 guard planting2.0437篱恒种植 fence planting2.0438障景种植 screen planting2.0439背景种植 background planting2.0440林下种植 underwood planting2.0441路边种植 roadside planting2.0442绿篱 hedge2.0443树墙 espalier2.0444庭荫树 shade tree2.0445园景树 specimen tree2.0446风景林 amenity forest, ornamental forest2.0447行道树 avenue tree, street tree2.0448纪念林 memorial forest2.0449整型树 topiary tree2.0450花篱 flower hedge’2.0451刺篱 thorny plants hedge2.0452常绿绿篱 evergreen hedge2.0453落叶绿篱 deciduous hedge2.0454高篱 high hedge2.0455沟中边篱 hah-hah fence2.0456图案矮篱 pattern dwarf hedge2.0457迷宫绿篱 labyrinth hedge2.0458整剪绿篱 clipped hedge2.0459自然式花篱 natural flowering hedge2.0460边篱 boundary fence2.0461园篱 garden fence, garden hedge2.0462纯林 pure forest2.0463混交林mixed forest2.0464林间隙地open space in woodland2.0465杂木林spinney2.0466树冠覆盖面tree canopy2.0467草坪lawn2.0468整形草坪formal lawn2.0469开花草坪flowering lawn2.0470牧场草坪meadowy land2.0471花坛flower bed2.0472路边花坛roadside flower bed2.0473带状花坛ribbon flower bed2.0474时钟花坛flower clock2.0475盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed 2.0476高设花台 raised flower bed2.0477毛毡花坛carpet bed2.0478镶嵌花坛mosaic bed2.0479铺石花坛paved bed2.0480灌木花坛shrub bed2.0481图案花坛群parterre2.0482草药花坛herbaceous flower bed2.0483花结花坛knot bed2.0484整形花坛formal flower bed2.0485花境flower border2.0486花桶 flower tub2.0487植树箱 planting box2.0488活动花坛 movable flower bed2.0489瓶饰 garden vase2.0490灌木花境 shrub border2.0491混合花境 mixed border2.0492园林道路设计 garden road design, garden path design 2.0493漫步路 trail, footway2.0494小径 alley, path2.0495川草坪岛 lawn island2.0496安全岛 traffic island, refuge island2.0497转弯曲度 turning curvature2.0498转弯半径 turning radius2.0499踏面 landing pitch2.0500步石 stepping stone2.0501涉水踏步 wading step2.0502错铺路 crazy paving path2.0503随意组合方石板路 flag stone path paved at random 2.0504花纹路 pattern path2.0505林荫路 mall2.0506林荫大道 boulevard2.0507花园路 parkway2.0508林间小道 path in woodland2.0509种植池 planting bed2.0510树池保护格栅 tree grate2.0511树干保护套栏 tree guard2.0512树池坐凳矮墙 seatwall-surrounded planting2.0513路面线纹 score line2.0514传统园林建筑traditional garden building2.0515凉亭summer shelter2.0516活树亭arbor, tent arbor2.0517蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion2.0518茅亭thatched pavilion2.0519竹亭bamboo pavilion2.0520茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk2.0521回廊cloister2.0522水廊corridor on water2.0523曲廊zigzag veranda2.0524扒山廊sloping gallery2.0525楼廊two-storied gallery2.0526画舫painted pleasure boat2.0527石舫stone boat2.0528不击舟immovable pleasure boat2.0529诗条石poem-engraved stone slab2.0530月洞门moon gate2.0531扶手栏杆handrail2.0532坐凳栏杆seat rail2.0533石碑stone tablet, stele2.0534园林露天剧场open garden theater2.0535园林露天舞池open garden dancing place2.0536露天音乐台outdoor music stand2.0537眺望台prospect deck2.0538繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse2.0539展览温室public conservatory2.0540月池new-moon pool2.0541园林小品small garden ornaments2.0542磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet2.0543园椅garden chair, garden seat2.0544园凳garden bench2.0545园桌garden table2.0546园灯garden lamp2.0547日规sundial2.0548鸟浴bird bath2.0549鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box2.0550鸟笼bird cage, bird coop2.0551悬篮hanging basket2.0552野鸟喂食器bird feeder2.0553额匾horizontal inscribed board2.0554楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar2.0555引露天烤炉open barbecue2.0556树棚living-tree pergola2.0557花架pergola2.0558花格架trellis, treillage2.0559点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway2.0560园林施工garden layout, garden construction2.0561种植工程planting engineering2.0562大树移植big tree transplanting2.0563裸根移植bare root transplanting2.0564土球移植ball transplanting2.0565沟植trench planting2.0566假植heeling in, temporary planting2.0567播种草坪seeding lawn2.0568铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn2.0569假山工程rockery engineering2.0570掇山五法five methods" of rock piling2.0571等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced2.0572前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 2.0573上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks2.0574纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins2.0575石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials2.0576观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub2.0577观叶植物foliage plant2.0578观果植物fruit-effect plant2.0579观枝干植物plants with ornamental trunks and branches 2.0580指示植物indicating plant2.0581主景植物accent plant2.0582耐湿植物damp tolerant plant2.0583抗风植物wind-resistant plant2.0584耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plant2.0585市花city flower2.0586市树city tree2.0587国花national flower2.0588国树national tree2.0589芳香植物fragrant plant2.0590抗污染植物pollution resistant plant2.0591环保植物environment protecting plant2.0592高山植物alpine plant2.0593岩生植物rock plant2.0594攀缘植物climbing plant, climber2.0595地被植物ground cover plant2.0596阴生植物shade plant2.0597装饰植物decorative plant2.0598装缘植物edging plant2.0599绿蓠植物hedge plant2.0600草坪植物lawn plant, lawn grass2.0601花坛植物bedding plant2.0602球根植物bulbous plant2.0603宿根植物perennial plant, perennial2.0604水生植物aquatic plant, hydrophyte2.0605旱生植物xerophyte2.0606沼泽植物bog plant, swamp plant2.0607室内装饰植物indoor decorative plant, house plant2.0608切花cut flower2.0609垂枝植物pendulous plant, weeping plant2.0610缠绕植物twiner, twinning plant2.0611针叶植物needle-leaved plant2.0612阔叶植物broad-leaved plant2.0613斑叶植物variegate-leaved plant2.0614松柏植物conifer2.0615常绿植物evergreen plant2.0616半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant2.0617不耐寒植物tender plant2.0618半耐寒植物half-hardy plant2.0619耐寒植物hardy plant2.0620耐旱植物drought enduring plant2.0621山石材料stone material2.0622昆山石Kunshan stone2.0623钟乳石stalactite2.0624灵壁石Lingbi stone2.0625英德石Yingde stone2.0626青石Qing stone2.0627宣石Xuan stone2.0628房山石Fangshan stone2.0629观赏动物ornamental animal2.0630观赏鸟类ornamental bird2.0631观赏兽类ornamental beast2.0632观赏昆虫类ornamental insect02.8园林机具设备2.0633园林机械garden machine2.0634园林工具garden instrument, garden implement 2.0635园林设备garden equipment2.0636花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider2.0637种植容器planting container2.0638圆木桩log peg2.0639喷射装置jet bubbler2.0640滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator2.0641环动喷灌器circle sprinkler2.0642圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler2.0643自控器automatic controller2.0644管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler2.0645固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler2.0646喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler 2.0647喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage2.0648草坪加肥器lawn feeder2.0649施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler2.0650液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner 2.0651滴水喷头emitter, dripper2.0652水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net2.0653苗木包装材料nursery stock package material2.0654麻布袋burlap bag2.0655铁丝篮wire basket2.0656篮状种植器basket container2.0657塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican2.0658播种盘seed tray2.0659网孔盆mesh pot2.0660含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot。
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Contents
Photos
Graphical analysis of composition Size
Form
Line
Colour
Texture
Special characteristics
Music
Redesign
Size
In vicinity,designer use variety of plants as the low growing ground covers and a few medium height shrubs.In the distance,designer use the different height trees as the background.So this composition express the distinct gradation.
Form
There are a great deal of the trees at the back of the composition,they all have pyramidal or turreted forms,while most of them has been hidden by the middle of the spherality shrubs and ground covers.
Red White
Light purple
Pink
green
In the whole design,green has been used as a basic colour.The tone ’s variation can be reflected by colourful roses which range from red,pink,light purple and white.All of
them are like the jewel which be inlaid on work of art.
Line In the furthest of this composition,vertical lines can be created by aspens
with their perfectly straight.Then the ground covers created a grand
horizontal lines through the whole work,just like rainbow.
Special characteristics There are two plant species are Europe native
plant,one plant specie is America and one from
China.All of the plants are easily conserve and high
adaptability of the climate.
Music
I choose Menuest for this design.Because when I listen this music,I will imagine an princess who dressed very gorgeous and delicate,dancing with a handsome prince in an amazing garden,just like the scene in fairy tales,eventually they lived happily forever.
Texture
There are four main textures in this design.The background contains the relatively smooth texture with broad ovate leaves of the poplar,and the scaly texture with acicular leaves of the Sabina Chinensis and smooth texture from oval leaves of locust trees in the mid.Finally,the foreground use the villiform texture from the oval leaves of roses.This design arrange the different administrative levels’perspective in the same area.
Redesign
I think the designer should settle a bench in this composition,in order to facilitate visitors to
rest.Because I think the rest facilities is also a very important part in a planting design.
Planting design analysis
Class:Bilingual Landscape architecture (X) Student Number:110315649
Name:Qi Wang。