专业英语复习.doc

1.virtual memory2.proprietary software3.artificial intelligenee4.bus topology networkputer terminal6.relational database model7.software life cycle& throwaway prototype9.assembly language10.database management system11 ・ exclusive lock12.star network13.confidential document14.integrated circuit15.BIOS16・ graphical user interface17.system call18.parallel computing19.interpreter program20・ device driver21.system integration22.relational database model23.database integrity24.device driver25.shared bek26・ cascading rollback27.requirements analysis28.RAM29.WAN30.cascading rollback31.analog transmissionputer terminal33.GUI34.host address35.Main memory36.data bus37.serial connection38.source file39.B2C40.database integrity41.RDBMS42.SQL43.海量存储器44.信息高速公路45.数据库对象46.共享锁47.二维表48.附件行49.令牌环50.软件复用51.DMA52.DNS53.host address54.interpreter program55.system call二、Machine Languagesmajor functions of OSLocking protocolthe p「incipal stages of the Waterfall model.CSMA/CDInter net addressing三、完型填空Unit 3 , Unit 5, Unit 7, Unit 10,四、翻译Unit 4 P82, Unit 8P179, Unit 10P221,Unit 1() P225%1.阅读理解A compiler translates text files written in high-level programming languages from the sourcecode to the object code all at once. This differ from the approach taken by interpretedlanguages such as BASIC, in which a program is translated into object code statement bystatement as each instruction is executed. The advantage of interpreted languages is that theycan begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the sourcecode to be compiled Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wa让for 让to be compiled again.Question: What is the difference between compilers and interpreters?The goal of the DBMS is to ensure that the problem of a malfunction will not freeze thedatabase in an inconsistent state. This is often accomplished by maintaining a log containing a record of each transaction's activities in a nonvolatile storage system. Before a transaction isallowed to alter the database, the alteration to be performed is first recorded in the bg. Thus the log contains a permanent record of each transaction's actions.Question: What is the log used for in DBMS?The scheduler maintains a record of the processes present in the computer system, introduces new processes to this pool, and removes completed processes from the pooL To keep track of all the processes, the scheduler maintains a block of information in main memory called the process table.Each time the execution of a program is requested；the scheduler creates a new entry for that process in the process table. This entry contains such information as the memory area assigned to the process, the priority of the process, and whether the process is ready or waiting.Question: What is process table used for?Digital technologies covert a message into electronic form； first by measuring different qualities of the message many times. These measurements are then encoded into multiple series of binary numbers, or Is and Os. Finally, digital technologies create and send electrical impulses that correspond to the series of Is and Os. Digital information can be transmitted faster and more clearly than anafog signals, because the electrical impulses only need to correspond to two digits and not to the full range of qualities that compose the original message, such as the pitch and volume of a human voice.□ Question: Why is digital transmissi on superior to an a log transmission?□ A serial connection is a wire or set of wires used to transfer information form the CPU to an external device ・ This type of conn ection transfers only one piece of data at a time,and is therefore slow. The advantage of using a serial conn ection is that it provideseffective connections over long distances.□ A parallel connectio n uses multiple sets of wires to transfer blocks of in formation simultaneously. Most seanners and printers use this type of connection. A parallelconnection is much faster than a serial connection, but it is limited to distances of less than3m between the CPU and the external device・Question: What are the differences between serial connection and ptirallel connection?。