专业英语复习.doc

1.virtual memory

2.proprietary software

3.artificial intelligenee

4.bus topology network

puter terminal

6.relational database model

7.software life cycle

& throwaway prototype

9.assembly language

10.database management system

11 ・ exclusive lock

12.star network

13.confidential document

14.integrated circuit

15.BIOS

16・ graphical user interface

17.system call

18.parallel computing

19.interpreter program

20・ device driver

21.system integration

22.relational database model

23.database integrity

24.device driver

25.shared bek

26・ cascading rollback

27.requirements analysis

28.RAM

29.WAN

30.cascading rollback

31.analog transmission

puter terminal

33.GUI

34.host address

35.Main memory

36.data bus

37.serial connection

38.source file

39.B2C

40.database integrity

41.RDBMS

42.SQL

43.海量存储器

44.信息高速公路

45.数据库对象

46.共享锁

47.二维表

48.附件行

49.令牌环

50.软件复用

51.DMA

52.DNS

53.host address

54.interpreter program

55.system call

二、

Machine Languages

major functions of OS

Locking protocol

the p「incipal stages of the Waterfall model.

CSMA/CD

Inter net addressing

三、完型填空

Unit 3 , Unit 5, Unit 7, Unit 10,

四、翻译

Unit 4 P82, Unit 8P179, Unit 10P221,Unit 1() P225

%1.阅读理解

A compiler translates text files written in high-level programming languages from the source

code to the object code all at once. This differ from the approach taken by interpreted

languages such as BASIC, in which a program is translated into object code statement by

statement as each instruction is executed. The advantage of interpreted languages is that they

can begin executing the program immediately instead of having to wait for all of the source

code to be compiled Changes can also be made to the program fairly quickly without having to wa让for 让to be compiled again.

Question: What is the difference between compilers and interpreters?

The goal of the DBMS is to ensure that the problem of a malfunction will not freeze the

database in an inconsistent state. This is often accomplished by maintaining a log containing a record of each transaction's activities in a nonvolatile storage system. Before a transaction is

allowed to alter the database, the alteration to be performed is first recorded in the bg. Thus the log contains a permanent record of each transaction's actions.

Question: What is the log used for in DBMS?

The scheduler maintains a record of the processes present in the computer system, introduces new processes to this pool, and removes completed processes from the pooL To keep track of all the processes, the scheduler maintains a block of information in main memory called the process table.

Each time the execution of a program is requested；the scheduler creates a new entry for that process in the process table. This entry contains such information as the memory area assigned to the process, the priority of the process, and whether the process is ready or waiting.

Question: What is process table used for?

Digital technologies covert a message into electronic form； first by measuring different qualities of the message many times. These measurements are then encoded into multiple series of binary numbers, or Is and Os. Finally, digital technologies create and send electrical impulses that correspond to the series of Is and Os. Digital information can be transmitted faster and more clearly than anafog signals, because the electrical impulses only need to correspond to two digits and not to the full range of qualities that compose the original message, such as the pitch and volume of a human voice.

□ Question: Why is digital transmissi on superior to an a log transmission?

□ A serial connection is a wire or set of wires used to transfer information form the CPU to an external device ・ This type of conn ection transfers only one piece of data at a time,

and is therefore slow. The advantage of using a serial conn ection is that it provides

effective connections over long distances.

□ A parallel connectio n uses multiple sets of wires to transfer blocks of in formation simultaneously. Most seanners and printers use this type of connection. A parallel

connection is much faster than a serial connection, but it is limited to distances of less than

3m between the CPU and the external device・

Question: What are the differences between serial connection and ptirallel connection?