10.2021人大附中高三期末答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末试题及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一:政策调控为文化类综艺节目的兴起创造了有利的大环境。
广电总局鼓励综合频道在黄金时段增加公益、文化、科技、经济类节目的播出数量和频次。
结合新的时代特点和实践要求，制作播出更多有思想深度、精神高度、文化厚度的文化类节目。
在政策引导下，文化类综艺节目在去年迎来了爆发。
去年中国各大电视台和视频网站推出的文化类综艺节目数量超过50档。
视频网站中优酷视频发力最大，提出了“泛文化”战略，其文化类综艺节目以脱口秀形式为主，产生了一定的影响力。
而腾讯视频虽然文化类综艺节目产量不高，但通过《见字如面》同样确立了在文化类综艺节目领域的影响力。
(摘编自《行业观察文化类综艺节目现状及发展前景》，搜狐网2018年6月26日)材料二:由于生活节奏快，工作压力大，一些电视受众对被动传播教育的方式不买账。
部分从业者在主观上形成了一种固有思维，认为综艺节目就应该娱乐大众，如果融入价值理念的传播，就容易出现内容枯燥、形式单一、刻板说教，传播力和影响力不高等问题，很难被市场认可。
这种思想束缚了他们的思路，使其创作施展不开拳脚，缺乏新意和魄力。
其实，形式创新并不等于文化内涵的缺乏，更不是审美趣味的低俗。
实际上，承担一定的社会责任，才能更大程度地融入社会现实和百姓生活，获得更多人的认可。
《朗读者》以“访谈＋朗读＋解析”的形式，邀请嘉宾围绕当期主题词分享亲身经历，朗读相关精美文章，挖掘文字背后的思想内涵，《国家宝藏》在舞台上以话剧的形式演绎国宝的前世传奇，《经典咏流传》用流行歌曲的演唱方法演唱经典诗词，《一本好书》首创的场景式读书形式结合了舞台戏剧、片段朗读，影像图文插播等手段……这些节目引发观众好评，雄辩地证明，综艺节目在遵循电视传播规律的同时，坚守艺术创新，注重文化性与趣味性的双向提高，走出自己的差异化发展道路，就能吸引受众，将价值理念润物细无声般传播开来，从而实现教育功能和娱乐功能的最大融合。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
船魂王海洋夕阳西下，晚风渐起。
乌蟒河缓缓而流。
河对岸静泊着水泥船，岸上还是低矮的小茅棚，它们的主人还是艄公何大伯吗？何大伯是给了我第二次生命的人。
当年我和母亲去外婆家，搭的就是他的船。
我和同船玩闹的另一个孩子都落水了。
何大伯跳下水，救起了我，另一个孩子却让激流永远地卷走了。
那是他自己的孩子小驹儿呀……何大伯，今天我看你来了。
可是，我却怕何大伯认出我来。
一个老者走出了小茅棚，望望对岸。
船过来了。
是何大伯！我的心突突地跳起来。
他老了，背弯了，头发、胡子全白了。
两只眼睛失去了神采，表情是那样的漠然。
深深的愧疚压着我的心，假如他的驹儿不被激流卷走，假如他的第二个儿子还在他身边……何大伯看了我一眼，扭过头，说了声：“上船吧，同志。
”难道他真不认识我了？我工作了，成了一名年轻的法官，已有9 年没来看他了。
不认识也好，哦，不，也许怪我没先叫他，可是……上了船，他只是摇桨，默不作声，我打破了宁静，说：“今天没什么风浪嘛，老人家。
”“有风浪也不怕，撑船的怕什么风浪？”声音沙哑，却带着当年的豪气。
船到河心，夕阳已落，河水一片混沌。
“这水比以前浑多了。
”我说。
“清也好，浑也好，只要有船，就能渡人。
”何大伯接过我的话，眼睛却不看我，只是摇桨。
“还要有像你这样的老艄公才行啊。
”我说。
“不行，老喽。
再干6年，我小儿子白龙回来啦，就交给他。
”他说得那样平静，我的心却提上嗓子眼，不敢看他。
船到岸边，我身上没零钱，只好掏出一张百元钞给他。
“怎么，用大票子吓我？”他露出一丝笑意。
他边点钱边说：“现在我烟酒都断了。
等儿子回来，我想买条新船。
”“买条新船好啊。
”我说。
“只是，我看，光靠我这条船不行啊。
”大伯叹了口气：“别看我老了，但还看得清。
你看，有些伢仔整天不务正业，偷吃扒拿，就是不上过日子这条船；有的当干部，不但不吃苦在前，还多吃多拿，坑害百姓，不给政府撑好船。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文期末考试试题及答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文期末考试试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
《刺客列传》与《游侠列传》写的都是侠肝义胆、急人所难、为知己者死的侠义之士。
他们最为可贵的是为了实现自己的人生价值而奋斗，不为名利而改变志节，不为权贵而放弃操守，在他们的心目中，“义”才是至高无上的。
他们本着“其言必信，其行必果，已诺必诚，不爱其躯，赴士之厄困，既已存亡死生矣，而不矜其能，羞伐其德”的为人准则，坚守自己的独立意志，即使付出生命的代价也无怨无悔。
《刺客列传》中以荆轲为代表的义士，思想境界虽有高下、阔狭之分，但他们视道义高于生命、“不爱其躯，赴士之厄困”的优秀品质令司马迁大加赞扬。
豫让宁可让自己承受涂厕之辱、漆身吞炭之苦，也要采取他认为最正当的方式，不惜牺牲生命为智伯报仇；聂政为完成严仲子所托，最后竟“自皮面决眼，自屠出肠，遂以死”；荆轲为捍卫自己的尊严帮助燕太子丹刺杀秦王，而使自己走上了不归路。
司马迁在《游侠列传》中这样表现朱家的侠义：“终不伐其能，歆其德，诸所尝施，唯恐见之。
振人不赡，先从贫贱始。
家无余财，衣不完采，食不重味。
”他“专趋人之急，甚己之私”的助人为乐精神已表现得淋漓尽致。
而为了体现郭解的侠义，司马迁则不厌其烦地列举了数例。
郭解处理姐姐的儿子被杀害的事例，说明了郭解明善恶、辨是非的正直；邻里从傲视他到“肉袒谢罪”的改变，说明了郭解以德服人的豁达……《史记》中的侠义之士是有着真正作为“人”的意义上的独立意志与高尚人格的。
《刺客列传》中的义士，所作所为均是为报答知遇之恩。
“士为知己者死”是他们最高的道德标准与行为准则。
专诸与公子光、豫让与智伯、聂政与严仲子、荆轲与燕太子丹……他们不是仆与主、臣与君的隶属或等级关系，也不是雇佣或利益交换关系，他们是平等的。
专诸、豫让、聂政、荆轲等的壮举不是为了获利，也不是为了谋权，完全是因为他们得到了一份信任、一份赏识、一份重托，就因为这份厚重的情谊，他们愿意赴汤蹈火，他们明知走上的是一条不归路，却无怨无悔，视死如归。
2021届人大附中深圳学校高三语文期末试题及答案
2021届人大附中深圳学校高三语文期末试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
材料一：从基层上看去，中国社会是乡土性的。
那些被称土气的乡下人是中国社会的基层。
我们说乡下人土气，这个土字用得很好。
土字的基本意义是指泥土。
乡下人离不了泥土，因为在乡下住，种地是最普通的谋生办法。
靠种地谋生的人才明白泥土的可贵。
农业直接取资于土地，种地的人搬不动地，长在土里的庄稼行动不得，土气是因为不流动而发生的。
不流动是从人和空间的关系上说的，从人和人在空间的排列关系上说就是孤立和隔膜。
孤立和隔膜并不是以个人为单位的，而是以住在一处的集团为单位的。
中国乡土社区的单位是村落，从三家村起可以到几千户的大村。
孤立、隔膜是就村和村之间的关系而说的。
孤立和隔膜并不是绝对的，但是人口的流动率小，社区间的往来也必然疏少。
我想我们很可以说，乡土社会的生活是富于地方性的。
地方性是指他们活动范围有地域上的限制，在区域间接触少，生活隔离，各自保持着孤立的社会圈子。
乡土社会在地方性的限制下成了生于斯、死于斯的社会。
常态的生活是终老是乡。
假如在一个村子里的人都是这样的话，在人和人的关系上也就发生了一种特色，每个孩子都是在人家眼中看着长大的，在孩子眼里周围的人也是从小就看惯的。
这是一个“熟悉”的社会，没有陌生人的社会。
在社会学里，我们常分出两种不同性质的社会：一种并没有具体目的，只是因为在一起生长而发生的社会；一种是为了要完成一件任务而结合的社会。
用一位外国学者的话说，前者是“有机的团结”，后者是“机械的团结”。
用我们自己的话说，前者是礼俗社会，后者是法理社会。
生活上被土地所囿住的乡民，他们平素所接触的是生而与俱的人物，正像我们的父母兄弟一般，并不是由于我们选择得来的关系，而是无须选择，甚至先我而在的一个生活环境。
熟悉是从时间里、多方面、经常的接触中所发生的亲密的感觉。
这感觉是无数次的小磨擦里陶炼出来的结果。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末试题及参考答案
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面文字，完成下面小题。
有一天，我有机会跟他谈了一件事，我忘不了那一天。
我对他说：“格斯拉先生，你晓得吗，上一双在城里散步的靴子咯吱咯吱地响了。
”他看了我一下，没有做声，好像在盼望我撤回或重新考虑我的话，然后他说：“那双靴子不该咯吱咯吱地响呀。
”“对不起，他响了。
”“你是不是在靴子还经穿的时候把它弄湿了呢？”“我想没有吧。
”他听了这句话以后，蹙蹙眉头，好像在搜寻对那双靴子的回忆；我提起了这件严重的事情，真觉得难过。
“把靴子送回来！”他说，“我想看一看。
”由于我的咯吱咯吱响的靴子，我内心里涌起了一阵怜悯的感情；我完全可以想像到他埋头细看那双靴子时的历久不停的悲伤心情。
“有些靴子，”他慢慢地说，“做好的时候就是坏的。
如果我不能把它修好，就不收你这双靴子的工钱。
”有一次(也只有这一次)，我穿着那双因为急需才在一家大公司买的靴子，漫不经心地走进他的店铺。
他接受了我的定货，但没拿皮革给我看;我可以意识到他的眼睛在细看我脚上的次等皮革。
他最后说：“那不是我做的靴子。
”他的语调里没有愤怒，也没有悲哀，连鄙视的情绪也没有，不过那里面却隐藏着可以冰冻血液的潜在因素。
为了讲究时髦，我的左脚上的靴子有一处使人很不舒服;他把手伸下去，用一个手指在那块地方压了一下。
“这里痛吧，”他说，“这些大公司真不顾体面。
可耻!”跟着，他心里好像有点儿沉不住气了，所以说了一连串的挖苦话。
我听到他议论他的职业上的情况和艰难，这是唯一的一次。
“他们把一切垄断了，”他说，“他们利用广告而不靠工作把一切垄断去了。
我们热爱靴子，但是他们抢去了我们的生意。
事到如今——我们很快就要失业了。
生意一年年地清淡下去——过后你会明白的。
”我看看他满是褶皱的面孔，看到了我以前未曾注意到的东西：惨痛的东西和惨痛的奋斗--他的红胡子好像突然添上好多花白须毛了!我尽一切可能向他说明我买这双倒霉靴子时的情况。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
材料一：我国首次火星探测任务天问一号探测器由着陆巡视器（进入舱和火星车）和环绕器组成此次任务要一次实现“绕、着、巡”三步走的目标。
探测器发射后，将被火箭送入地火转移轨道。
器箭分离后，探测器的太阳翼和定向天线将相继展开，在测控系统支持下朝火星飞去，约7个月抵达火星。
探测器进入环火轨道并经过制动后，要进行2至3个月的环绕飞行。
在着陆前，会在着陆区上空对着陆区开展探测。
接着，探测器择机实施降轨机动，着陆巡视器与环绕器分离。
环绕器升轨返回到停泊轨道，为着陆过程提供中继通信。
着陆巡视器进入火星大气，依次完成配平翼展开、悬停、避障及缓速下降、着陆缓冲等动作，着陆于火星表面。
着陆后，火星车与着陆平台解锁分离。
火星车驶离着陆平台，开始巡视探测。
着陆巡视器安全着陆后，环绕器进入中继轨道，为火星车提供中继通信，兼顾科学探测。
火星车完成探测任务后，环绕器进入使命轨道，开展火星全球遥感探测，兼顾火星车扩展任务中继通信。
（摘编自陈海波《揭秘天问一号的火星之旅》材料二：以往的航天产业耗资巨大，然而随着电子技术的发展，现在的卫星元器件体积更小，性能却更高，这意味着大幅度节约制造和发射成本，大规模使用航天资源，甚至可能让老百姓都可以利用它。
航天资源本身就具有共享特点。
卫星发射成功后，都在围绕着地球转，让全球所有人都充分使用每一颗卫星资源，才符合它的运动规律。
因此，要想让空间资源价值最大化，让每个人分摊的成本更低，就应该实现全世界共享。
大家都能以较低的成本从太空资源中获益，航天技术就会发展成为人类的基础设施，低廉的成本又可以促使大家将空间基础设施建设得更好、更便捷，形成良性循环。
航天科工三院近日已经联合国内十几家卫星企业成立了“卫星即服务产业联盟”，这个联盟不仅要打通卫星通信、导航、遥感、监测、运行、姿态控制一体的技术架构，还要建设若干面向应用市场的架构。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末试卷及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文上学期期末试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
《史记》一书最有文学价值的是人物传记。
司马迁在编排人物传记时显示出高超的技巧，使它生动地体现了历史和逻辑的统一，形成了自己独特的叙事脉络。
本纪、世家的传主基本上都是传说或历史上真实存在的皇帝侯王，根据政治地位决定他们入本纪还是入世家。
但情况又不尽然，西汉惠帝虽然当了几年天子，实际上有职无权，没起什么作用，所以本纪中没有他的地位。
项羽是秦汉之际主宰天下的人物，吕后是惠帝朝的发号施令者，他们虽然没有天子称号，却被列入本纪。
孔子没有侯爵，陈胜是自立为王；二人都列入世家，因为他们的历史地位堪与王侯相比。
司马迁的上述安排可谓独具慧眼，是对历史事实的充分尊重，也是合乎逻辑的归纳。
《史记》各层次人物传记的排列基本是以时间为序，但又兼顾了各传记之间的内在联系，遵循着以类相从的原则。
如司马穰苴、孙武、吴起、伍子胥都是军事家，所以，他们的传记前后相次。
苏秦、张仪是战国策士，他们的传记也紧紧相连。
再看西汉人物的传记：韩长孺、李广、卫青、霍去病都是抗击匈奴的将领，故韩长孺、李广传记后面插入《匈奴列传》，然后是卫青、霍去病的传记。
通过叙述西汉中央王朝与周边各民族的交往，几位相关人物的传记以类相从，前后相次，发展轮廓非常清晰。
司马迁对人物传记次序的巧妙编排，造成了《史记》一书婉转多变的叙事脉络，在明灭起伏中体现了历史和逻辑的统一。
《史记》的人物传记有分传与合传。
分传即人各一传，合传则是把几个人的传记在一起，写成一篇传记。
合传是以类相从，把某些相同类型的人物放在一起，《游侠列传》《佞幸列传》《滑稽列传》《循吏列传》《酷吏列传》《货殖列传》等，都是专门为人物设立的合传。
在人物合传中，历史和逻辑的统一有时达到天衣无缝的程度，叙事手法非常高超。
《廉颇蔺相如列传》首叙廉颇事迹，很快又引入蔺相如，然后叙述两人恩怨，中间又插入赵奢、李牧传记，最后以廉颇事终结。
2021届人大附中深圳学校高三语文期末试题及参考答案
2021届人大附中深圳学校高三语文期末试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题坟场救人茹志鹃新四军北撤后的第二年，十月尾的一个阴天。
在镇东五里多远的地方，大路边有一大片乱坟场。
这就是有名的“穷鬼滩”，后来这里又成了清剿队的刑场；不过那时被杀害的人也都是穷人，所以大家还是叫它“穷鬼滩”。
这里的坟堆大都只有二三尺高，四周稀稀散散地站着几株秃树。
来上坟的人很少，野草长得遍地都是，齐齐地有半人高。
草已枯黄，给风吹得瑟瑟沙沙地响。
离大路较远，有一座坟，坟上还按了个定胜糕似的坟帽，土色是新的。
坟前插着一炷香，放着一碗饭，那饭早已凉了。
新烧的一堆纸灰，给风一吹，夹杂着枯叶，一起旋转着直升起来。
天色阴沉，黯淡。
关大妈坐在儿子的坟前，也没唉声叹气，也没号哭，只是发愣。
她老觉得桂平还穿了那件白粗布单褂，敞开了怀，五花大绑地给人押着站在自己面前，响亮地说着：“娘，我们不能世世代代都做人家案板上的肉，……别想我，可要记住这个仇……”乌云一团接着一团，满天灰沉沉地见不到一块蓝天，只有一只老鹰在低空盘旋着。
关大妈眼睁睁地瞪着远处，耳朵里嗡嗡地响着儿子说的那句话：“娘，我们不能世世代代都做人家案板上的肉啊……”自从大军北撤以后，儿子一直好像背着自己在做些什么事。
常常深更半夜的在外跑。
去年年底，一天晚上，一个黑黑瘦瘦的小伙子，提了一个硬小包来找他，那小伙子住了半宿，就悄悄地走了。
哪知天刚放亮，清剿队下乡来清乡了，她急忙起来，脚还没跨出房门，就看见桂平高高地爬在屋梁上，正在把那硬包里的纸片，往屋顶上二梁木里塞。
关大妈一想起这事，又把儿子临死前的那句话，跟他临死时那不慌不忙的样子一对，心里好像明白了许多。
叭！一声清脆的枪声，像打在耳朵跟前似的，吓得关大妈急忙站起。
可四周静悄悄的，不见个人影，风仍在摆弄那一片野草。
掉头望望通到镇上去的那条大路，连个过路人也没有，只是在远处扬起了尘土。
关大妈放下心，正要坐下来，忽又听到“砰砰”两下，接着就看到靠近大路那边的草，乱纷纷地朝两边倒。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
材料一：随着经济社会高速发展，人们的出行方式日趋多样化，节能减排、绿色生活理念不断融入城市发展和百姓生活中，也让“绿色出行”理念逐渐受到人们的关注。
顾名思义，绿色出行指的是所有节约能源、提高能效、减少污染的出行方式。
其中，步行或骑自行车等出行方式都是绿色出行的代表。
近年来，在各级政府共同努力下，我国提出和实施了一系列城市交通发展的政策，取得了一定成效。
但是城市交通仍然存在许多突出矛盾，造成矛盾的主要原因在于：一是城镇化进程加快，城市交通压力巨大；二是机动车数量持续增长，但缺乏完善和足够的停车空间，导致机动车在路边停放，侵占非机动车道和人行道，造成步行、骑行通勤不便；三是近年来共享单车成为热门出行方式，共享单车数量增加，但缺乏规范管理，存在随意停放、侵占机动车道和人行道的现象；四是部分城市路段没有划定非机动车道，导致机动车和非机动车共用行驶空间，有时会出现非机动车占用人行道行驶的情况，造成安全隐患；五是步行、自行车是人均占有交通资源最小、污染最小的交通方式，由于交通空间分配的不合理，这些绿色出行方式日益萎缩。
这些问题不仅让机动车、非机动车及行人互相影响，通行不畅，还带来安全隐患，制约了绿色出行模式的推广。
除此之外，路面破损、林荫道不足等基础设施短板，也给市民步行或骑行带来不适。
绿色出行理念的普及之路漫漫而修远，也并非一日之功。
目前中国城市的慢行系统相较于国外城市仍处于发展阶段，还需以“应该做”为出发点，聚焦市民出行刚需。
根据城市发展及交通现状，从“可以做”的领域入手，对安全性、舒适性、便捷性及人性化等方面进行完善。
基于不同人群的行为习惯与需求特点，不断优化慢行交通系统，追求实实在在的效果，提高市民的出行体验，以政策为引导、以完善的基础设施为保障，让绿色出行理念深入人心。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案
2021届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BA Chinese space mining company has designed a robot that can capture waste material left behind by spacecraft in outer space with a big net.The state-run Xinhua news agency recently reported that the robot launched on the government's Long March 6 rocket along with several satellites. The robot will also investigate deep space to observe small objects in the universe. The 30-kilogram robot, called NEO-01 , was developed by Origin Space. Pounded in 2019 and based in the southern Chinese tech hub(技术中心)Shenzhen, Origin Space has been devoted to exploring and using space resources, according to the company. The company says the robot will lead the way for future technologies capable of mining on asteroids(小行星).The world's first asteroid mining company, Planetary Resources, was established in 2009. Since then, more than 12 businesses around the world have entered the industry, including 3D Systems of the United States and Japan's Astroscale. Astroscale's technology uses magnets (磁铁)to gather up space waste. But a report on the Origin Space website says NEO-01 will use a net to capture waste and then bum it. Thousands of satellites have been launched worldwide. As they are used too long, many end up as waste and put other operating satellites at risk.Su Meng is the founder of Origin Space. He said the company plans to launch many space telescopes and more spacecraft to begin the first for-profit mining of asteroids by 2045. Su added that NEO-01 will serve as a prototype (雏形)of future space mining robots, which can use rich mineral resources on asteroids to support the development of the space industry.The Xinhua news agency reported that China was increasing efforts to land a spacecraft on a near-Earthasteroid to collectmaterials. China is also speeding up a plan to build a defense system against near-Earth asteroids. The country aims to follow Russia and the United States in becoming a major space power by 2030.4. Which of the following can correctly describe NEO-01?A. It weighs 60 kilograms.B. It was created by Planetary Resources.C. It will be burnt after finishing its mission.D. It is mainly used to catch space waste.5. What can be inferred from the text?A. China will be the most powerful in space by 2030.B. Origin Space will open more mines on asteroids.C. It is those useless satellites that make space waste.D. The robot will look into deep space for more waste.6. What does Su Meng think of NEO-01 ?A. It is promising and rewarding.B. It has benefited the space industry.C. It's a long way to produce it.D. It'll help make money for the company.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. NEO-01 , A Smart Robot Used in SpaceB. A Chinese Robot Can Catch Space WasteC. A New Robot Makes China a SpacePowerD. NEO-01 , the Pioneer of Future Space RobotsCOver 180 teenage girls from LixianCounty No. 1 Middle School in Longnan city, Gansu province, listened carefully to a lecture about neuroscience (神经科学). It was delivered by a director of the experimental surgery department at The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University in Xi’an.The students also joined a science class to make paper rockets to launch into the sky. A plastic bottle was connected with a long pipe joined to the end of the rocket, and students stepped heavily on the middle of the bottle so hard that the air pressure shot the rocket upward.The program started in 2016 as a one-week summer camp in Beijing that invited female students to take science courses and to interact with women in science. It aims to stir (激发) an interest in science and technology among female students.“I’m excited to take the opportunity because it’s been my biggest wish to popularize science among students. They can broaden their eyes and hopefully some of them will devote themselves to the field of neuroscience,” the director says. “It’s necessary to bring more of these activities on campus. I’m willing to communicate with teenagers, some of whom ask deep and thoughtful questions that I would never think of.”The key to science popularization is to imbue (灌输) others with the spirit of science. Some scientific and technological workers have devoted themselves to a job in a certain field and they enjoy the pleasure of scientific research. Female Chinese scientific and technological workers sometimes have to double their efforts to receive the same treatment or recognition as those male scientific workers. However, after years of continued effort, the situation will improve, showing the increasing number of female scientists in China.8. What is the purpose of the program?A. To praise the efforts of women scientists.B. To find out how much girls love science.C. To develop interest in science among girls.D. To show love for students in Western China.9. How does the director think of the program?A. Important.B. Challenging.C. Confusing.D. Serious.10. What is the most important in science popularization?A. Enjoying the fun of scientific research.B. Filling people with the spirit of science.C. Holding more scientific activities on campus.D. Forcing students to choose scientific subjects.11. What can we learn from the text?A. One can go anywhere if he/she learns science well.B. People have a stronger sense of science than before.C. Male scientists are much easily recognized than female ones.D. Thedirector graduated from Lixian County No. 1 Middle School.DThere will be more plastic than fish in the world’s oceans by 2050. That is what a new report from the World Economic Forum and Ellen MacArthur Foundation warns. If the current trend continues, the report said, oceans will contain one ton of plastic for every three tons of fish in 2025. By 2050, plastics will weigh more than fish. Theproblem is that each year at least 8 million tons of plastics end up in oceans around the world. This is the same as dumping the contents of one garbage truck into the ocean every minute.Not all plastic ends up in the ocean because someone throws a plastic bottle into the water. Plastic containers and other trash thrown onto streets and sidewalks often are swept into oceans. Unlike other types of trash in the ocean, the plastic never bio-degrades. There is a way to slow the amount of plastics going into the oceans — people can recycle more. Currently only about 14 percent of plastics are recycled. Research in Europe shows as much as 53 percent of plastic could be recycled using available technology. The report says that another solution is using less plastic for packaging products. But that is not likely to happen.“Given plastic packaging’s many benefits, both the possibility and desirability of an across-the-board dramatic reduction in the volume of plastic packaging used is clearly low, ”the report said. But the authors note reducing the use of plastics should be tried“where possible. ”For decades, scientists warned that plastics are killing fish. Research shows that fish are dying from choking after eating plastics. Another cause of death is that plastics cause“intestinal blockage and starvation, ”the environmental group said.12. Why is the garbage truck mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?A. To explain how plastics end up in the ocean.B. To warn people against the ocean pollution.C. To clarify the seriousness of the problem.D. To point out some details of the report.13. Why is plastic more dangerous than other types of trash?A. There is too much of it.B. It poisons the ocean water.C. It is from different sources.D. It is hard to break down.14. What is the author’s attitude to the suggested solutions?A. Pessimistic.B. Curious.C. Unconcerned.D. Terrified.15. What can we infer from the text?A. People are not aware of the problem.B. Recycling is limited by lack of technology.C. Plastic packaging has become part of our life.D. Fish in the ocean will be replaced by plastics.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末试题及答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三语文下学期期末试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：“复兴号”是我国具有完全自主知识产权的中国标准动车组。
目前，“复兴号”中国标准动车组有“CR400AF”和“CR400BF”两种型号。
按照中国铁路总公司新的动车组编制规则，新型自主化动车组均采用“CR”开头的型号，“CR”是中国铁路总公司英文缩写，也是指覆盖不同速度等级的中国标准动车组系列化产品平台。
型号中的“400”为速度等级代码，代表该型动车组试验速度可达400km/h及以上，持续运行速度为350km/h。
“A”和“B”为企业标识代码，代表生产厂家；“F”为技术类型代码，红色的是中车四方的AF，黄色的是中车长客的BF。
今后，中国铁路总公司将根据运输市场需求，逐步研发CR300和CR200系列中国标准动车组。
作为中国最新一代的标准动车组，“复兴号”真正实现了从“洋基因”到“纯中国”的转变。
在高速动车组254项重要标准中，中国标准占84%，中国标准动车组整体设计以及车体、转向架、牵引、制动、网络等关键技术都是我国自主研发，因此，具有完全自主知识产权。
与“和谐号”相比，“复兴号”整车性能指标实现较大提升。
“复兴号”“寿命”更长，它的设计寿命达到了30年，而“和谐号”是20年。
“身材”更好，采用全新低阻力流线型头型和车体平顺化设计，车型看起来线条更优雅，“和谐号”动车组车顶有一个“鼓包”（受电弓和空调系统）。
“复兴号”把这个“鼓包”下沉到了车顶下的风道系统中。
“容量”更大，列车高度从3700毫米增高到了4050毫米，座位间距更宽敞。
舒适度更高，“复兴号”空调系统充分考虑减小车外压力波的影响，通过隧道或交会时减小耳部不适感，列车设有多种照明控制模式。
车厢内实现了WiFi网络全覆盖。
（摘编自《中国高铁大揭秘，“复兴号”来了！》《人民日报》）材料二：中国目前已经成功拥有世界先进的高铁集成技术、施工技术、装备制造技术和运营管理技术，具有组团出海的实力，可以挑战任何竞争对手。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Hikes in the WorldThere's nothing like getting out and getting some fresh air on a hike. No matter whether your idea of a hike is a leisure walk or climbing the highest mountain on Earth, we've got you covered. Below are four best hikes inthe world.Torres del Paine W CircuitLocation (位置): Patagonia. ChileDistance: 37 + milesTime: 5~6 daysBest time to go: October to JanuaryThe W Circuit is one of the most recommended hikes you'll find. Not only will you appreciate the diverse landscapes and striking granite pillars (花岗岩柱子), but you'll probably meet some new friends along the way.Grand Canyon Rim - to - Rim HikeLocation: Arizona, the United StatesDistance: 48 milesTime: 1~3 daysBest time to go: May to June, September to OctoberThere's no better way to experience one of the greatest wonders in the world. Located in one of the USA's most beautiful parks, the views are ly appealing. Just make sure you're prepared for the challenge.Trek to PetraLocation: JordanDistance: 47 milesTime: 5~ 6 daysBest time to go: October to AprilTake the road less traveled through the Kingdom of Jordan and experience one of the seven wonders of the world. Hike through canyons, gorges and ridges, and see tombs and temples along the way all while avoidingcrowds of tourists.Yosemite Grand TraverseLocation: California, the United StatesDistance: 60 milesTime: 6~7 daysBest time to go: July to SeptemberKnown for some of the best hiking in the world, Yosemite National Park is famous for its views and huge sequoia (红杉) trees. Praised byNational Geographic, the Yosemite Grand Traverse will take you through waterfalls and green mountaintops.1.Which of the following is the best time for the hike in Patagonia, Chile?A.AprilB.MayC.AugustD.December2.Where should you go for a less crowded hike?A.JordanB.Patagonia, ChileC.Arizona, the United StatesD.California, the United States3.What can you do along the Yosemite Grand Traverse?A.Plant sequoia treesB.Appreciate waterfallsC.Visit local templesD.Climb granite pillarsBI am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats, one of the many clubs offered at my school. My eight teammates and I started out by watching the robotics qualifiers and finals of Chinese teams. We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do.We meet every day for two hours after school in order to build our robots. Typically, adultsoverseewhat students are building, but my school lets teens take control. It leaves room for more errors, but we're prouder of our final product.Before our first real match, a practice was offered at the actual site. My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind. When we arrived on that big day, I immediately felt my teammates' nervousness. Our first match was in three minutes. All of us glanced around at each other since we were not prepared at all. Our robot was still sitting in a box. Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an official examination as the rest of us discussed our strategy (策略).Our team captain explained that we all should try driving the robot now, while it was early in the season. Shegave me the remote. I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous. Our autonomous code (自动代码) beganto run almost immediately after our short discussion. Despite all the drama, we ended up winning the match.Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud. I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead.We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the semester, which involves the whole team designing one giant robot with large tools. I am a part of the electrical team now, so I make sure the motherboard (母板) can supply the robot's energy needs. We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics it never dull!4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. InspectB. AdmireC. OverlookD. Assume5. Why did her teammatesfed so nervous before first match?A. Because it was really too difficult for them.B. Because they didn't prepare for it at all.C. Because they didn't know what the match would be like.D. Because they didn't make full preparations before the match.6. How did the author feel about their first robotics match?A. It was tiring but exciting.B. It was stressful but wonderful.C. It was terrible but powerful.D. It was boring but professional7. What is the best title for the text?A. A Girl Who Loves RobotsB. My First Robotics MatchC. Teamwork for RobotsD. Robotics Is Never DullCWhen you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they foundthat stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven billion trees — for a decade.The results are in the Transportation Research Record.As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.8. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?A. To present a fact.B. To make a contrast.C. To explain a rule.D. To share an experience.9. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?A. Hardening the road.B. Keeping oil in the ground.C. Growing trees for decades.D. Improving the transportation.10. What is the advantage of this suggestion?A. Gaining more support.B. Consuming less money.C. Involving more people.D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.11. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.B. Those agencies will change some related policies.C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.DMy family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future. I was in theclassroom, but I wasn't there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.I had an English teacher, Mr.Creech, who knew I couldn't read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined it wouldn't happen again. Later that day, Mr.Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.Then when I was 41 years old, one day, I planned to fly back toTexasto visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr.Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “Do I know you？” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me，” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy he'd once encouraged.“I'm so glad I had a chance to see you，” I said. “And Mr.Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn't all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well，” I added.The experts say what once worried me has a name：dyslexia(诵读困难). But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.12. Why did the author want to hide?A. Because he felt sorry for himself.B. Because he hated being laughed at.C. Because he couldn't read at all.D. Because he didn't have a ticket.13. Which of the following could best describe Mr.Creech?A. Considerate and dutiful.B. thoughtful and enthusiastic.C. Emotional and devoted.D. Friendly and wise.14. Why couldn't the author read before meeting Mr.Creech?A. Because his reading age was not long enough.B. Because his parents didn't teach him how to read.C. Because he was afraid of reading before the class.D. Because he didn't have inner driving force to learn to read.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. Mr.Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.B. The author had become a published author and an active speaker.C. Dyslexia was just the reason that made the author unable to read.D. The author was grateful to Mr.Creech.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三语文下学期期末试卷及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三语文下学期期末试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
朋友三石我帮扶大东家已经差不多三年了，与他们家的关系一直处得不错。
大东虽然是贫困户，但人还是很勤快的，种起地来算得上是一把好手。
可几亩薄田，再怎么高产也就挣个口粮。
他曾经买了辆摩托车，农闲时在周边村镇跑跑摩的。
原先也还行，多少能挣几个零钱补贴家用，但如今乡下电瓶车多了起来，甚至六七十岁的老人都开电瓶车，坐摩的也就少了，生意不好做。
大东的老婆长年生病，沾不得冷水干不了活儿。
三个女儿一个高中一个初中一个小学，一家五口就他一个劳动力，日子自然过得捉襟见肘。
刚来结对帮扶的时候，我发现大东家的院子里种了几棵果树，长势很不错。
细一问，原来大东年轻时曾经在别人的果园做过几年，学了点技术。
正所谓因户施策，我便去找了做果树苗木生意的朋友赞助了些种苗，让大东租了旱地荒山，还贷了些款，种了二十来亩的葡萄、马家柚。
今年是第三个年头，葡萄和马家柚都已经挂果。
听大东说，卖得还不错，不说赚个盆满钵满，但生活得到明显改善也是眼见的事实，脱贫摘帽不是难事。
这次到大东家是春节前走访，大东非要留我吃个午饭。
看大东的架势，要是不吃估计不会让我离开，我也不好伤了人家的好意。
午饭过后我还得去镇里，便匆匆告辞了。
临上车时，大东好像有什么话要说，当我问他时，他却摇摇头说，算了，一点小事，就不麻烦你了。
继续追问，仍不肯说，我便由了他。
但留了一句话，有什么事随时跟我说，朋友之间不用这么生分。
车刚开到镇里，大东果然就给我打来了电话。
他问我在哪儿，我告诉他在镇里，还问他到底有什么事。
大东说，我还真有件事想请你帮个忙。
我说，有事尽管说，只要不违反政策，我一定尽力而为。
大东忙说，不存在，不存在，就是想让你带点东西。
我警觉起来，不行，千万使不得，我们有纪律的。
大东说，我知道你们有纪律，东西又不是给你的，是想让你帮我带点过年的东西，给我上饶的朋友。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains，flashing lights and snowy pines, Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike. Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth, this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance：• Ski and Snowboard Rentals（租赁）：Don't have your own equipment! Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities, as well as snow shoes and helmets.• Clothing Rentals：For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation. Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you, where you can get mountain necessities like coats, pants and goggles（护目镜）.• Suncream：You might not think about getting sunburn, but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.• Difficulty levels：It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain. Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to ski down ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain：• Green Circle：These are the easiest slopes.• Blue Square：These indicate average to medium levels.• Black Diamond：The most advanced slopes. Some mountains will feature double black diamonds, indicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sports, you'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down or you are tired. Explore the rest of our website for more information!1. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. In March, April June and DecemberB. In December, February, April and MarchC. In January, February, March and DecemberD. In September, October, November and December2. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort, you will have to take ________with you.A. helmetsB. gogglesC. suncreamD. a trail map3. What will a skiing beginner who wants to enjoy himself prefer to choose?A. Blue SquareB. Black DiamondC Double Black Diamonds D. Green CircleBWe all know that a healthy lifemeans getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep. While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, it's the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study — it could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke, and cancer,” says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia.Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring and daytime sleepiness.Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity.For now it's not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes. It could be that the increased activity iscounteractinginflammation (炎症), or reducing irregularities in glucose metabolism, suggest the researchers.“Considering that physical activity is perhaps more modifiable than sleep, our study offers people more health incentives to be physically active.” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney.4. This research is of particular interest in that ________.A. it’s in this study that exercise is known to be beneficial to sleep.B. this study offers people more health treatments to be physical active.C. it could enable doctors to cure patients of their sleeping condition.D. the relationship between exercise and sleep is updated in this study.5. Which of the following statements istrueaccording to the passage?A. Those who had the poorest sleep quality were most at risk of death from heart disease.B. Those scoring lowest on sleep and exercise scale were more likely to die from cancer.C. There’s no risk of cancer for those who didn't sleep well but did score well on physical activity.D. It's evident that in terms of health more exercise could make up for poor sleep.6. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean?A. interactingB. increasingC. preventingD. causing7. Where can this passage most probably be taken from?A. A research findings reportB. A medical examination reportC. A poor sleep study reportD. A physical activity study reportCGerardo Ixcoy is a 27-year-old teacher in Guatemala. He teaches in the area where having electricity is something of a luxury and students have no access to mobile apps or computers, which became a problem when Guatemalan government had to choosedistance education for students at home because of COVID-19 inmid-March.Gerardo Ixcoy felt that he had to teach those children living far from the digital world. After all, education is a universal right. But what was the solution?Gerardo bought himself a secondhand tricycle with his savings. Once he had the tricycle, the next step was to change it into a classroom on wheels. He put a roof with a solar panel（太阳能电池板）on it, along with a screen toavoid the spread of COVID-19. He fixed a whiteboard on it so he could explain to the students the basics of primary education：math, the local language and the national language Spanish.The purpose of the solar panelis to provide constant power for a small loudspeaker so he can teach from a distance. It's a matter of respecting the healthy distance required to be safe from the virus. He, the teacher, stays outside, and the student participates from his or her house.He tries to visit his students at least twice a week, riding his classroom — cycle. The children he serves say that, although he visits them for only a few hours a week, they look forward to it. They appreciate his visit because they know he has limited time he can devote to them. They must take advantage of it to learn.8. What happened to Gerardo Ixcoy's students because of COVID-19?A. They chose to have classes in groups.B. They had to stop all the classes.C. They continued to have classes online.D. They started to learn about computers.9. Why does the teacher stay from a distance while teaching?A. Because healthy distance is reqired.B. Because he doesn't want to see his students.C. Because he wants to show his authority.D. Because the local custom reqiries him to.10. Where did Gerardo Ixcoy teach his students?A. In his own house.B. In his student's house.C. On the school playground.D. Outside his student's house.11. What can be the best title of the story?A. Love breaks down barriers.B. Hard work pays off.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.DBeing a teacher is a rewarding career when it comes to changing lives, but it’s obviously one that comes with plenty of stresses and difficulties too.Seeking help for a child who is so obviously in need isn’t easy. Often, you feel ignored by the government. You feel upset that there isn’t anything you could personally do to help a needy and sensitive member of your class.That’s exactly how Chelsea Haley, aged 24 at the time, felt when she met fourth-grade student JeromeRobinson while working for Teach forAmericainLouisianafor the first time.The pair didn’t get off to the best start, with Jerome, the “problem child”, almost drivingChelseafrom teaching. But whenChelseaput her foot down and became determined to work more closely with Jerome, she learned the cause of his rude behavior: a bad home situation.Chelseawas eager to help Jerome, and realized that he needed more than just academic support.By 2016, a year after meeting him, Chelsea had adopted (收养) Jerome and his brother Jace.Adopting a child doesn’t come cheap, andChelseaspent all the money in her bank to see the process through.In her first few years of raising the boys, she lived on credit cards and postponed her student loan.AsChelsealived with her two adopted sons, she worked hard to repay her debts. She took on extra tutoring jobs outside of school hours, moved in with her parents, and even delivered groceries for cash. Along the way, she was learning how to be the best mom to Jerome and Jace, cooking for them and cheering them on at football matches.And now, just five years later,Chelseacan proudly say that she has paid off nearly $50, 000 of debt. Now that she’s finally out of debt,Chelseahas plans to buy a house and save up for the boys’ college education.“It allows me to focus on the boys’ future,” she said. “Saving money for them, and not spending it on my past.”12. What do we know from paragraph 4?A. Jerome’s family was less fortunate.B. The brothers were in the same class.C. When helping Jerome,Chelseafelt hopeless.D.Chelseagot along well with Jerome from the very start.13. What didChelseado to pay off her debts?A. Borrow money from her parents.B. Do part-time jobs.C. Train students to play football.D. Cook for customers.14. How old wasChelseawhen she paid off nearly all of her debts?A. 24.B. 28.C. 29.D. 30.15. Which of the following can best describeChelsea?A. Lucky and lovely.B. Sensitive and ambitious.C. Selfless and determined.D. Warmhearted and strict.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Internet has revolutionized our lives to such an extent (程度) that for most people, the global network has become more than just a tool but rather an important aid in everyday life. More and more people go online as wireless networks have brought the Internet closer and closer: it’s on our mobile phones, in our cars and TV sets, in hospital surgery rooms and in fishing boats that battle the waves of the Atlantic.And this revolution has brought along with it a new way of shopping. Both big and small, e-business websites have flooded the Internet by the hundreds of thousands. Anything you can buy from a brick and mortar store (实体店) you can also buy online: from food and clothes to toys, no matter what you’re looking for, you’re bound to find the right online store with just a few clicks of the mouse. You can use the Internet to find new suppliers, post buying requests or search for products and services.This revolution has affected brick and mortar business owners greatly. And what was their reaction? They’ve opened online stores to go hand in hand with their conventional business.But do the big players have reasons to be afraid? Are we going to start seeing ghostly, deserted Walmarts (沃尔玛) across the country? Probably not in the near future but the day will come when most people will just stop shopping offline anymore. A trip to Walmart wastes time, burns gas.The recent advancements in mobile technology and the introduction of mobile phones with enhanced (提高的) web capabilities have even made some people order their groceries when they get out from work and have them delivered at their doorstep by the time they get home. And as “Time is money”, this practice is lifesaving for people whowork two jobs.Technology will continue to advance and e-business will follow closely in its footsteps. Everything will become easier and less time consuming, leaving us more time to enjoy the things that really matter in life: the ones we love, our friends and hobbies.1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The popularity of mobile phones.B. The great influence of the Internet.C. The importance of the Internet.D. The function of the global network.2. In response to the threat of online business, the brick-and-mortar store owners________.A. have stopped their traditional businessB. have started their dislike of the InternetC. have established their own websiteD. have opened their online stores3. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A New Way of Shopping.B. The Internet Revolution.C. What is the Reaction to Online Shopping?D. Is Online Shopping the Future of E-business?BHoneybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings toproduce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.As with many scientific advances-IsaacNewton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect localPasadenahoneybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs forpropulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.4. What does the author intend to show by mentioningNewtonandFranklin?A. Roh’s admiration for them.B. Roh’s chance discovery about bees.C. Their outstanding talent for science.D. Their similar achievements in discovery.5. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?A. The air weight.B. Its leg extension.C. The water movement.D. Its continuous wingbeat.6. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Fast flightB. Driving force.C. Pulling speed.D. Explosive power.7. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Honeybees can surf to safety.B. Bees help scientists make inventions.C. Insects can adapt to the environment.D. Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.CCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.8. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.9. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.10. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.11. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.DAmerican football was the fastest-growing sport for US young players last year, according to a survey sponsored by the sport's governing body.But it was the game's no tackle variety that showed the biggest increase－a finding that may reflect concerns about injury. In American football, a tackle (抢断球) refers to an attempt to stop an opponent by forcing them to the ground.The number of participants in football grew in 2015 while most other sport, except baseball, posted a decline, USA Football said on Monday, citing(引用) the findings of a survey of 30,000 children and teenagers.Participation in flag football (a no-tackle type of football) increased by 8.7 percent among children aged 6 to 14, while tackle football rose by 1.9 percent. For that age group, the only other sport that grew was baseball, with a 3. 3 percent increase.In the 15-to-18 age group, flag football rose by 10. 5 percent, while tackle grew by 2.5 percent.Basketball was the third, with a 1. 1 percent increase. Participation in all other sports declined.Tom Farrey, executive director of the Aspen Institute's Sports & Society Program, said he was surprised that flag football participation rose so much.“The trend suggests that parents aremarching to the beat of a different drummer, in pursuing flagas analternative for their kids," he said.The findings come at a time of increasing concern about the risk associated with youth sports, particularly hockey (曲棍球) and football, where medical researchers have warned about the risk of concussions (damagesto the brain caused by violent blows to the head) and death linked to brain injury.USA Football, anIndianapolis,Indianabased nonprofit funded in part by the National Football League, believed that the increases resulted from better safety and health education."Football participation increases, even modest increases, may signal that programs such as our Heads Up Football program and practice guidelines are making a positive difference," said Scot Hallenbeck, USA Football chief executive, in a statement.Robert Cantu, aBostonUniversityneurosurgery professor and investigator at the school's chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center said the increase in fag football participation signaled that more parents were directing children to a safe alternative12. What can we learn about the two age groups?A. Flag football grew the fastest in the 6-to-18 group.B. Tackle football grew he fastest in the 6-to-14 group.C. Participation in baseball declined the most in both groupsD. Participation in tackle football increased the most in both groups.13. The underlined part probably means ________.A working at a different paceB. behaving in a different wayC. ignoring the major differencesD. trying to accept different opinions14. The popularity of flag football is inked with the fact thatA. its rules have been adapted for young playersB. it receives more funds than other varietiesC. tackle football is an old-fashioned gameD. experts worry about children's safety15. What is the cause of football growth according to USA Football?A. Their safety programs are successful.B. More children show interest in the game.C. Football is less likely to cause concussions.D. There are different types of football to choose from.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末试题及参考答案
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACourtyard Stay with Your DogsAs autumn approaches, we are inviting you to join us on our August dog event—Courtyard Stay with Yoga & Hike from August 21st to August 22nd nearQinglongLakein Fangshan district. This event will continue to raise fund for our Pre-treatment Guidance Project (PGP).Check out our full itinerary below:Day 1: Saturday, August 21stAt 9 am in the morning, you will be picked up by car or bus and head to Fangshan district. We have arranged a private courtyard house for a comfortable stay for the Saturday night. We will enjoy some local dishes for lunch, while enjoying the peaceful views of theQinglongLake. After lunch, we will go together for a light hike to the nearby mountain and water tracks with our dogs. For dinner, enjoy the coziest, home-style BBQ with both vegetable and meat options.Day 2: Sunday, August 22ndAfter breakfast, we will join a yoga teacher for a deeply relaxing yoga session, with the company of the morning sun. You can choose to hike a bit more afterwards in theforest park. We will be checking out around 4 pm in the afternoon, returning to our homes.Reservation: Please add our event manager, Diana, on Wechat to reserve a spot for yourself and your dog, a full payment will be required upon signing up. If you don’t have a dog but would still like to hang out with dogs, you are more than welcome to join too!Pricing:Early Bird Fee: 1400 RMB per human for the first four participants only before 7th August.Children Price: 800 RMB (4—13 years old).Full Price: 1600 RMB per human.All surplus funds and donations will go to our Pre-treatment Guidance Program.Please bring your ID, your dog’s ID and vaccine proof for any potential security check.We can’t wait to see you soon！1. Who would be most interested in the weekend activity?A. Taxi drivers.B. Yoga coaches.C. Pet dog owners.D. The PGP members.2. According to the itinerary, on August 22nd, you can ________.A. join a teacher to do some yogaB. have some local dishes for lunchC. enjoy the coziest, home-style BBQD. go together for a hike to the water tracks3. The purpose of the countryside stay activity is to________.A. promote theQinglongLakeB. raise fund for a public projectC. teach skills of BBQ and keeping dogsD. provide access to dogs for people without petsBBeing a teacher is a rewarding career when it comes to changing lives, but it’s obviously one that comes with plenty of stresses and difficulties too.Seeking help for a child who is so obviously in need isn’t easy. Often, you feel ignored by the government. You feel upset that there isn’t anything you could personally do to help a needy and sensitive member of your class.That’s exactly how Chelsea Haley, aged 24 at the time, felt when she met fourth-grade student Jerome Robinson while working for Teach forAmericainLouisianafor the first time.The pair didn’t get off to the best start, with Jerome, the “problem child”, almost drivingChelseafrom teaching. But whenChelseaput her foot down and became determined to work more closely with Jerome, she learned the cause of his rude behavior: a bad home situation.Chelseawas eager to help Jerome, and realized that he needed more than just academic support.By 2016, a year after meeting him, Chelsea had adopted (收养) Jerome and his brother Jace.Adopting a child doesn’t come cheap, andChelseaspent all the money in her bank to see the process through.In her first few years of raising the boys, she lived on credit cards and postponed her student loan.AsChelsealived with her two adopted sons, she worked hard to repay her debts. She took on extra tutoring jobs outside of school hours, moved in with her parents, and even delivered groceries for cash. Along the way, she was learning how to be the best mom to Jerome and Jace, cooking for them and cheering them on at football matches.And now, just five years later,Chelseacan proudly say that she has paid off nearly $50, 000 of debt. Now that she’s finally out of debt,Chelseahas plans to buy a house and save up for the boys’ college education.“It allows me to focus on the boys’ future,” she said. “Saving money for them, and not spending it on mypast.”4. What do we know from paragraph 4?A. Jerome’s family was less fortunate.B. The brothers were in the same class.C. When helping Jerome,Chelseafelt hopeless.D.Chelseagot along well with Jerome from the very start.5. What didChelseado to pay off her debts?A. Borrow money from her parents.B. Do part-time jobs.C. Train students to play football.D. Cook for customers.6. How old wasChelseawhen she paid off nearly all of her debts?A. 24.B. 28.C. 29.D. 30.7. Which of the following can best describeChelsea?A. Lucky and lovely.B. Sensitive and ambitious.C. Selfless and determined.D. Warmhearted and strict.CAbout 12 years ago, Sandy Cambron noticed her mother, Pearl Walker, had become quiet after she moved into a nursing home for patients of Alzheimer's disease inKentucky.“We tried everything — photos, old stories — but nothing worked,” she said. “It was really hard for everyone to see how she had changed.” Then one day whileSandywas in a toy store, she had an idea: Why not givePearla baby doll so she could feel as if she were caring for something again? And why not give one to all the other care center seniors?As soon asSandygavePearlthe doll, her mother's face lit up. “She started talking again and she never went anywhere without that baby,”Sandysaid. “She took 'baby' to the dining room with her and slept with her in her arms every night. When she passed away a year later, we even buried her with that well-loved baby doll.”In the following 10 years, Sandy and her husband, Wayne Cambron, continued to buy dolls and hand them out to the elderly of care centers near their home every New Year. Now Pearl's Memory Babies is anonprofit (非营利) organization that has contributed more than 300 dolls to old people with Alzheimer's disease at nursing homes since February 2018.Last year,Sandyposted New Year’s photos on Facebook, all of which are about seniors reacting to dolls thatshe and Wayne sent to a local nursing home. The post was shared more than 210,000 times overnight. Peoplegave almost $15,000 online. That helped the group buy many dolls.“The dolls offer treatment and comfort,” said Elise Hinchman, who works at a care center inKentucky, "Some seniors cry when they get a doll. And they always rock and talk to their dolls. People with Alzheimer might lose their memories, but they don't lose their ability to love.”8. How did Pearl change after she moved to a nursing home?A. She hardly talked.B. She lost hope in life.C. She felt bored.D. She forgot everything.9. How didPearlreact after receiving the doll?A. She began to cry.B. She was very delighted.C. She played it with a baby.D. She was unconcerned about it.10. What's paragraph 5 mainly about?A. What Sandy did for her mother.B. People's reaction toSandy's post.C. The rising needs for baby dolls.D. HowSandybecame a celebrity.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Good News for Alzheimer's PatientsB. How to Remove Alzheimer's DiseaseC. Baby Dolls Cheer up Alzheimer's PatientsD. Daughter Helps Mother Recover MemoryDFor years, Zach Ault, a father of three, enjoyed being physically active. He was even training for a half-marathon. But in 2017, he took time off to recover from an infection. After recovering, he tried to continue his runs but could not complete them. He was not able to spend time with his children. He had to cut back his job. Even sleeping as much as 16 hours a day made no difference in his condition.“His body had literally hijacked him and it wasn't going to allow him to push through, ” said Anne Ault, his wife. After months of testing, doctors announced their result-chronic fatigue syndrome, a disease that makes an individual feel extremely tired.This fatigue lasts more than six months and becomes worse after any kind of physical exertion (费力活动). Patients may have difficulty standing upright. They also may have trouble thinking, often described as a “brain fog”. There are no approvedtreatments, or even tests to help with diagnosis. There is no way to predict who will recover and who will have a severe case that lasts for years.Now the doctors at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are conducting a unique study to learn more about the condition. Zach Ault is one of the subjects in the study. When Ault rides an exercise bicycle, scientists measure how his leg muscles use oxygen. Afterward, doctors fit a special cap on Ault's head to measure electrical activity in his brain. They then send him to spend the night in an air-tight room where air has been removed with pipe for additional study. Scientists measure oxygen and carbon dioxide levels to tell how much energy Ault is using, minute by minute. “We're figuring out how his body adjusts to an exercise load, or a stress load.”“It's hard not knowing if or when I'm going to recover, ” he said. But Ault says the study did help him learn about the disease. And it gave him ideas about how to save up his energy.12. What was Zach Ault's life like before 2017?A. He was fond of exercising.B. He won several half-marathons.C. He spent much time lying in bed.D. He was busy looking after his children.13. How did the infection affect Zach Ault?A. He lost his job.B. He was unable to sleep.C. He became too weak to do sports.D. He was tired of running a half-marathon.14. What can we learn about chronic fatigue syndrome?A. It usually lasts no more than months.B. It is likely to cause thinking disorders.C. Patients with it need to stay in bed all day long.D. Patients with it should avoid any kind of exercise.15. What does Zach Ault think of the study?A. It helped him cure his illness.B. It helped him recover and stay fit.C. It taught him how to enjoy cycling.D. It brought him new ideas about fighting diseases.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThree Things to Do Before You Are 18Are you bored with your daily life? Here are some things you should try before you are 18.★Learn to swimSeriously, this is so important that it can save your life. If you can’t swim well, you won’t be able to dowater sports like waterskiing, surfing and diving. Even taking a boat trip will be dangerous for you. Make sure you do it.★Try at least one kind of team sportsBeing a good team player is an important skill in life. You can’t just think of yourself, but have to work well with other people. Other advantages of team sports like basketball, football and baseball are that they keep you fit and healthy, and they are also great fun. Teams usually have a good social life too—you’ll go to lots of parties and make many friends.★Collect somethingOne of the best hobbies for under-18s is collecting things. You could collect kinds of stamps, or you could collect things that make you remember what you have done, like cinema tickets for films you have seen or letters from friends. The best way to collect is to have a special album to put your collection in and to write what each thing means to you. That way you won’t forget.1. The most important reason for learning to swim is that ________.A. you might feel wellB. it can make you healthyC. you might easily do lots of thingsD. it can save your life2. The writer tells us that one of the best hobbies is to ________ .A. collect somethingB. do some water sportsC. send letters to your friendsD. play basketball with your friends23. The passage is mainly about ________before you are 18.A. good habits to keepB. skills to haveC. things to doD. sports to playBIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.4. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.5. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.7. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.CPopularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannotbe measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.8. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?A. It can be measured by anIQ test.B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.C. It includes a set of emotional skills.D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.9. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?A. To explain a rule.B. To clarify a concept.C. To present a fact.D. To make a prediction.10. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.11. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?A. Its appeal to the public.B. Expectations for future studies.C. Its practical application.D. Scientists with new perspectives.DBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.12. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.13. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.14. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish15. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末试题及答案解析
2021年中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADon’t know where to enjoy yourself? Here are some choices for you.Santa Cruz Mission State Historic ParkPopUp Picnics in the park return for the fourth summer in a row, taking place on Thursdays. Take a break to enjoy tacos (墨西哥玉米薄饼卷). Prices changefrom $ 2 to $ 10. Cash only.144 School Street June 13-August 15 Start at 11:30 am and end at 1:30 pmThe Crow’s NestEach summer on Thursday evenings the Crow’s Nest offers its Summer Beach Party series on the beach. The party starts at 5:30 pm each week and goes until sunset. Families are welcome, and there is no entrance fee. After the sun sets, the fun begins with dancing to the best live music of local bands.2218 East Cliff Drive May 30-August 29 Start at 5:30 pm and end at 8:30 pmBargetto WineryJoin us for a beautiful weekend of art and wine. Bargetto Winery will be hosting their yearly gathering of artists and foodies（美食家）at their amazing Soquel winery. No entrance fee. Wine tasting with purchase of $ 15 festival glass. 3535 North Main StreetJuly 20 - July 21 Start at 11:00 am and end at 5:00 pmChaminade Resort & SpaChef Page takes guests on a journey showing the area rich fruits, vegetables, and meats. Dinner begins at 6:30 pm with a five-course menu and good wines. Seating booked is not a choice, as all guests are seated at large, connecting, beautifully set tables designed to invite open conversations among guests. Ticket price: $ 90 per person. Tickets can be gotten online.Chaminade Lane July 26 Start at 6:00 pm and end at 9:00 pm1. What can we know about PopUp Picnics in the park?A. It lasts two days.B. It is held on Thursdays.C. It has been held twice.D. It can be paid in credit card.2. What can people do in the Crow’s Nest?A. Enjoy tacos.B. Talk with artists and foodies.C. Watch the sunrise on the beach.D. Watch the performance of the bands.3. Which activity can be booked on the Internet?A. The Crow's Nest.B. Bargetto Winery.C. Chaminade Resort & Spa.D. Santa Cruz Mission State Historic Park.BI don’t think I can recall a time whenI wasn’t aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up inAustralia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went toHalfmoonBay,I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore.For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to theGreat Barrier Reef. There were fish in different color1 s, caves and layers of coral. They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only one percent ofAustralia’sCoral Seawas protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world’s reefs are considered healthy.This statistic is depressing, so it’s important for usto do everything to protect them. The hope that theCoral Searemains a complete ecosystem has led me to take action. I’ve become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean’s species will all have a safe place forever.Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.4. What can we learn about the author from the underlined sentence inPara. 1?A. He seldom went surfing at the sea.B. He forgot his experiences about the ocean.C. He never went back to his hometown.D. He had a wonderful impression ofHalfmoonBay.5. What is Australian marine life like according to the second paragraph?A. It is escaping from theCoral Seagradually.B. It depends on reefs for living greatly.C. It may be faced with danger.D. It is protected better than that in other oceans.6. What’s the purpose of The Protect Our Coral Sea activity?A. It is intended to contribute to a complete ecosystem.B. It is intended to prevent more marine species being endangered.C. It is intended to set up a large nature reserve for reefs.D. It is intended to raise more teenagers’ environmental awareness.7. Why do Angus and the author create a little video?A. To urge more people to take action toprotect the marine species.B. To inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean.C. To share their childhood experiences about the ocean.D. To bring back to people their memory of ocean species.CItzhak Perlman was born in Tel Aviv, in whatwas thenPalestine, in 1945. Today he lives inNew York City. But his music has made him a citizen of the world. He has played in almost every major city. He has won many Grammy awards for his recordings. He has also won Emmy Awards for his work on television.Itzhak Perlman suffered from polio (小儿麻痹症) at the age of four. The disease damaged his legs. He uses a wheelchair or walks with the aid of crutches (拐杖) on his arms. But none of this stopped him from playing the violin. He began as a young child. He took his first lessons at the Music Academy of Tel Aviv. Very quickly, his teachers recognized that he had a special gift.At thirteen he went to the United Sates to appear on television. His playing earned him the financial aid to attend theJuilliardSchoolinNew York. In 1964 Itzhak Perlman won the Leventritt Competition in that city. His international fame had begun.His music is full of power and strength. It can be sad or joyful, loud or soft. But critics (评论家) say it is not the music alone that makes his playing so special. They say he is able to communicate the joy he feels in playing, and the emotions that great music can deliver.Anyone who has attended a performance by Itzhak Perlman will tell you thatit is exciting to watch him play. His face changes as the music from his violin changes. He looks sad when the music seems sad. He smiles and closes his eyes when the music is light and happy. He often looks dark and threatening when the music seems dark and threatening.8. According to the passage, what do we know about Itzhak Perlman?A. He is 75 years old today.B. He was born inNew York City.C. He has some achievements in music.D. He was a rich citizen of the world.9. When Itzhak Perlman first learned music, his teachers ________.A. ignored his talentsB. thought he was fit to learn musicC. had pity on himD. didn't want to accept him10. What makes Itzhak Perlman's playing special according to critics?A. The emotions he communicates in his playing.B. The style in which he plays his music.C. The kind of music he plays.D. The power and strength in his music.11. How do people feel when they hear Itzhak Perlman play?A. Moved.B. Calm.C. Funny.D. Excited.DWe are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science onwhat exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. The importance of sleep.B. The necessity of improving sleep.C. The way to improve our sleep.D. The effect of sleep on health.13. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?A. She thinks good sleep is more important.B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.D. She is concerned about the nature of success.14. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?A. It is really of great value.B. It is scientific and historical.C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,15. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案
2021届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AF the Art World competition.Prize -The winner of each type will get the chance to display their artworks in a week-long exhibition inChelsea,New York..Eligibility - Open to artists all over the world..Entry Fee(参赛费)-$24 for a maximum of 3 submitted(提交的)photos..Date of Exhibition - From 25thApril to 2ndMay.F the Art World is an international art competition organized by which is quite unusual, compared to other competitions. The artworks are not judged on the basis of creativity and skill. Instead, they're judged by the depth of the subject matter. The subject this year is “A Competition About Change”, where artists can try and show how they'd like to change humanity in a good way.Notes*For this competition, there are three types for submissions, namely: street art, fine art, and digital art.*Each type will have a winner as chosen by the organizers and all the winners will have the wonderful chance to exhibit their works at the Unarthodox Gallery inNew Yorkin a week-long exhibition.*All the winners will also receive 100% of the sale price when any of their artworks are sold!Winners will also be displayed on the website and the entrants' artworks will also be displayed in the opening ceremony(仪式)as well.1.What is special about F the Art World Competition?AIt is free to attend.B.It lasts for over a week.C.It is open to artists inNew York.D.It centers on the depth of the artworks.2.What will the winners get?A.Prize money.B.A chance to visit an exhibition.C.A written judgement of their artworks.D.Money from the sale of their artworks.3.Where will the entrants' artworks be shown?A.In the street.B.In the opening ceremony.C.On the website.D.At the market.BI had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about to either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.4. How did the author feel after finishing his speech?A. Delighted.B. Annoyed.C. Thrilled.D. Nervous.5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.6. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A memorable hero in my lifeB. Never mind others’ judgmentsC. Losing is an indescribable feelingD. Stand up from where we tripped overCJoy Mangano is now an American inventor. She was divorced and had three kids under age 7 when she was 33, and was barely keeping up payments on her small two-bedroom home by working extra hours as a waitress. “There were times when I would lie in bed and think. I didn't know how I was going to pay that bill,” Mangano says.But she had a special ability for seeing the obvious thing. She knew how hard it was to mop the floor. “I was tired, of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing (拧) out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, There's gotta be a better way.”How about a “self-wringing” mop? She designed a special tool you could twist in two directions at once, and still keep your hands clean and dry. She set out to sell it, first a few at flea markets.Then Mangano met with the media. But would couch potatoes (电视迷) buy a mop? The experts on shopping TV were less than certain. They gave it a try, and it failed Mangano was sure it would sell if they'd let her do the on-camera display. She said, “Get me on that stage, and I will sell this mop because it's a great item.”So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. “I got onstage and the phones went crazy. We sold every mop in minutes.”Today she's president of Ingenious Designs, a multimillion-dollar company, and one of the stars of HSN, the Home Shopping Network. Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is fora parent to talk about their child.”8. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Mangano's small home.B. Mangano's work experience.C. Mangano's unhappy marriage.D. Mangano's hard living conditions.9. Mangano sold the mop successfully with the help of ________.A. HSNB. QVCC. couch potatoesD. experts on shopping TV10. What does Mangano think of her invention?A. Normal.B. Special.C. Unsatisfactory.D. Unbelievable.11. What can we learn from the text?A. HSN is a business organization that sells goods on the Internet.B. The experts on shopping TV were confident about Mangano's mop.C. Mangano got the idea of self-wringing mop from her own experience.D Mangano once had to work seven days a week to support her family.DIn the world of Chinese archaeology(考古学), a sign of a dig's importance is the sight of Zhou Mingsheng at work. A field technician who has worked at archaeological sites all aroundChina. Master Zhou iscredited with the gentlest touch in his profession. Born into a farming family, he is a “national-level craftsman” with a talent for using simple tools to get relics(遗物) that wouldcrumblein other hands, says his current boss, Wang Xu, director of an archaeological site at Shuanghuaishu, a Neolithic(新石器时代的) settlement near the Yellow River in the central province of Henan.It is not beauty that attracts visitors to Shuanghuaishu. At 5,300 years old, the settlement is the work of a culture too simple to have left behind many buried treasures. The single most precious find, to date, is a finger-length sculpture of a silkworm. Nor is the setting lovely: an area surrounded by deafening insects, between a highway and two power stations. Rather, the site's importance is historical. For since the birth of Chinese archaeology in the 1920s, it has been inseparable from claims thatChinahas the oldest unbroken civilisation on Earth.Leading archaeologists say that the site has the right combination of location, age and distinctive cultural elements to be the capital of an early Chinese kingdom. That would make it a bridge betweenChina's written history and the era of the Yellow Emperor, who is said to rule over these central plains almost 5,000 years ago, though many foreign scholars doubt his existence. Chinese media call the site proof ofChina's 5,000 years of history.Foreigners complain about a lack of written records, Mr. Wang notes. Perhaps they are missing symbols that will one day be understood, for instance in patterned pottery. Outsiders “can't keep using Western standards to apply to Chinese ruins,” he argues.12. What does the underlined word “crumble” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Break.B. Start.C. Wait.D. Shine.13. Why does Shuanghuaishu attract visitors?A. It has appealing scenery.B. It has various precious treasures.C. It is of great historical significance.D. It is easily accessible.14. What is Mr. Wang's attitude towards foreigners’ view?A. Unconcern.B. Disapproving.C. Supportive.D. Not mentioned.15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Chinese history amazes the world.B. Chinese archaeology catches on.C. China follows its tradition.D.Chinadigs its past.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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人大附中2020-2021学年度高三1月期末模拟统一练习数学参考答案一、选择题（共10小题，每小题4分，共40分） （1）B （2）B （3）D （4）C（5） C （6）C（7）A（8）C（9）A（10）B二、填空题（共5小题，每小题5分，共25分） （11）36 （12）189 （13）97（14）31 0e ⎛⎫− ⎪⎝⎭，（15）95%三、解答题（共6小题，共85分） （16）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）因为cos 0b A c −>，由正弦定理可得sin cos sin 0B A C −>， 在△ABC 中，πC A B =−−，sin sin()sin cos cos sin C A B A B A B =+=+， 所以不等式整理为sin cos cos sin sin cos A B A B B A +<， 即sin cos 0A B <，……………………………………………… 3分 因为(0π)A ∈，，sin 0A >， 所以cos 0B <，所以B 为钝角．……………………………………………… 5分（Ⅱ）()i 若满足①③④，则正弦定理可得sin sin a c A C=，sin 2C =，所以1sin 2C =，……………………………………………… 7分又a c >，所以A C >，在三角形中，sin 2A =， 所以4A π=或34A π=，而由（Ⅰ）可得4A π=， 所以可得6C π=，74612B A C πππππ=−−=−−=，所以1b ===．……………………………………………… 9分()ii 若满足①②，由（Ⅰ）B 为钝角，A ，C 为锐角，及sin 2A =，sin 2C =可得4A π=，3C π=，所以512B π=不符合B 为钝角，故①②不同时成立．………………11分()iii 若满足②③④，由B 为钝角，sin 2C =，所以3C π=，而a c >，所以A C >，这时3B π<， 不符合B 为钝角的情况，所以这种情况不成立．………………13分综上所述：只有满足①③④时1b =+．（17）（共13分）解：（Ⅰ）因为在BCD Rt △中，E ，M 分别是线段AD ，AC 的中点， 所以EM CD ∥．又因为EM BCD ⊂/面，CD BCD ⊂面， 所以EM BCD ∥面．……………………………………………… 3分（Ⅱ）在BCD Rt △中，F 是斜边BD 的中点，所以112FC BD ==. 因为,E F 是,AD BD 的中点，所以112EF AB EF AB ==∥，，且EC = 所以222EF FC EC +=， 所以EF FC ⊥.……………………………………………… 5分又因为,AB BD EF AB ⊥∥， 所以EF BD ⊥， 又BDFC F =，所以EF ⊥平面BCD ，……………………………………………… 7分（Ⅲ）因为12CE AD AE DE ====， 所以CD AC ⊥. 又因为CD BC ⊥，AC BC C =，所以CD ⊥平面ABC ， 所以ME ⊥平面ABC ．因此ECM ∠是直线EC 与平面ABC 所成的角． 故22cos306AC MC EC ==⋅=所以CD BC ==. …………… 9分由（Ⅱ），AB ⊥平面BCD ，如图，在平面BCD 内，过B 作x 轴⊥BD ，则BA ，BD ，x 轴两两垂直，建立空间直角坐标系B xyz −． 则()1,1,0C ，()0,0,2A ,()0,1,1E ．所以()=1,0,1CE −,()0,1,1BE =,()0,1,1AE =−， 设平面ACE 的法向量()111,,m x y z =，则0C 0AE m E m ⎧=⎨=⎩⋅⋅，即111100y z x z −=⎧⎨−+=⎩，取11x =,得()1,1,1m =．设平面BCE 的法向量()222,,n x y z =则·0·0BE n CE n ⎧=⎨=⎩，即222200y z x z +=⎧⎨−+=⎩，取21x =,得()1,1,1n =−．所以·11cos ,33m n m n m n ==⨯， 由图形得二面角A CE B −−为锐角， 因此二面角A CE B −−的余弦值为13． …………………………………………13分（18）（共14分）解：（Ⅰ）设“抽出的产品中至少有1件不是废品”为事件A ，则由频率分布直方图可得，1件产品为废品的概率为()0.040.0250.3+⨯=， 则()()210.310.090.91P A =−=−=.………………………………………… 3分（Ⅱ）由频率分布直方图可知，质量指标值大于或等于85的产品中，[)85,90m ∈的频率为0.0850.4⨯=；[)90,95m ∈的频率为004502..⨯=； [)95,100m ∈的频率为0.0250.1⨯=.故利用分层抽样抽取的7件产品中，[)85,90m ∈的有4件，[)90,95m ∈的有2件，[]95,100m ∈的有1件.从这7件产品中任取3件产品，质量指标值[)90,95m ∈的件数X 可为0，1，2，………………………………………… 5分()3537207C P X C ===，()122537417C C P X C ===，()212537127C C P X C ===， 所以X 的分布列为所以()0127777E X =⨯+⨯+⨯=． ………………………………………… 9分（Ⅲ）由频率分布直方图可得该产品的质量指标值m 与利润y （元）的关系如下表所示（14t <<）：故每件产品的利润0.20.90.60.80.5 2.50.514y t t t t e t e t =+++−=−<<.…………………………………………11分则 2.50.5t y e '=−，令 2.50.50t y e '=−=得ln 5t =， 故当()1,ln 5t ∈时，0y '>，函数 2.50.5t y e =−单调递增； 当()ln 5,4t ∈时，0y '<，函数 2.50.5t y t e =−单调递减. 所以当ln 5t =时，y 取得最大值，为ln 52.5ln 50.5 1.5e ⨯−=.所以生产该产品能够盈利，当ln 5 1.6t =≈时，每件产品的利润取得最大值1.5元.…………………………………………14分（19）（共15分）解：（Ⅰ）2a =时，()2112ln 22f x x x =−−，()10f =， ()2f x x x'=−，()11f '=−.∴()y f x =在点()()1,1f 处的切线方程为1y x =−+．………………………………………… 4分（Ⅱ）()()20a x af x x x x x−'=−=>．①当0a <时，()20x af x x−'=>恒成立，函数()f x 的递增区间为()0,+∞．………………………………………… 6分②当0a >时，令()0f x '=，解得x =或x =所以函数f x 的递增区间为+∞，递减区间为(．………………………………………… 9分（Ⅲ）①当0a <时，()f x 在[)1,+∞上是增函数， 所以只需()10f ≥， 而()111ln1022f a =−−=， 所以0a <满足题意；②当01a <≤时，01<≤，()f x 在[)1,+∞上是增函数，所以只需()10f ≥．而()111ln1022f a =−−=， 所以01a <≤满足题意；③当1a >1>，()f x 在⎡⎣上是减函数，)+∞上是增函数，所以只需0f ≥即可，而()10ff <=，从而1a >不满足题意；综合①②③实数a 的取值范围为()(],00,1−∞.…………………………………………15分（20）（共15分）解：（Ⅰ）∵C 过1 2⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，，∴221314a b+=，又c e a ==222a b c =+(00)a b c >>>，，解得2a =， ∴C 的方程为：2214x y +=.………………………………………… 5分 （Ⅱ）依题意，直线AB 存在斜率，设直线方程为y kx m =+；联立y kx m =+与2244x y +=，得()2244x kx m ++=， ∴()222418440k x kmx m +++−=，∴()()()22222Δ(8)4414416410km k m k m =−+−=+−>，∴2241k m +>，设()11,A x y ，()22,B x y ，则122841km x x k −+=+，21224441m x x k −=+，122||41AB x xk=−===+…………………………………………8分∵0OA AB⋅=，∴OA AB⊥，则0k≠，直线OA为：1=−y xk．联立y kx m=+，得()y k ky m=−+，∴121myk=+，1121kmx kyk−=−=+，代入221144x y+=，22224411km mk k−⎛⎫⎛⎫+=⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭，∴()2222414kmk+=+．…………………………………………10分∴()2222224141414kk m kk++−=+−+()()()222222241441944k k k kk k++−+==++．∴()()()()()()22222222222161411441||41414k k m k kABk k k++−+==+++．…………………………………………11分又∵()22211||OA ky y=−+()()2222222411114km mkk k k+⎛⎫=+==⎪+++⎝⎭．∴()22222||369||441AB kOA k==+，得()2221641k k=+，∴()22410k−=，∴214k=．此时()222224125412417km kk+==<+=+．…………………………………………13分∴0∆>成立．由()22214141204||141744kOAk⎛⎫+⎪+⎝⎭===++，∴OAB△的面积2113315||||||||222417S OA AB OA OA OA==⨯==．…………………………………………15分（21）（共15分） 解：（Ⅰ）因为()1147101741b +++−==−，()2147104641b+++−==−()3147107541b +++−==−，()41471010441b+++−==−，均为整数．所以数列1,4,7,10存在“关联数列”，为7,6,5,4．………………………………………… 5分（Ⅱ）因为数列{}n a 存在“关联数列”{}n b ，所以()1011n n a a n m +−>≤≤−，且1n n b b +∈Z ，． ∴()()1111111· (1)11m n m n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a b b m m m ++++++−+++−−−=−=∈−−−Z ，∴10n n b b +−>，即1n n b b +>，12m b b b >>>．∴{}n b 单调递减．………………………………………… 9分（Ⅲ）① 由（Ⅱ）知，()1 1 1,2,,1n n a a m n n +−≥−=−．于是()()()112211m m m m m a a a a a a a −−−−=−+−++−≥()()()()21111m m m m −+−++−=−．所以()()2*12020144m m m −≤⇒−≤∈N ．另一方面，由数列{}n a 存在关联数列{}n b ，知()()1111111 (20201)111m m m m ma a a a a a a a a ab b m m m m +++−+++−−−=−==∈−−−−Z ．所以120m −≤，21m ≤．…………………………………………12分② 令()20191,2,,20n a n n =−=，212021a =，每一项除以20均余1，所以()()121221· (1)211m n n n a a a a a a a a b m +++−+++−==∈−−Z ，符合条件．…………………………………………14分 综上，m 的最大值为21．…………………………………………15分。