江苏省包场高级中学高中英语必修5学案：Unit3ScienceversusnaturePeriod2Grammarandusage

Period 2 Grammar and usage

Step1. 课前自学Pre-class

1. the form of the past participle:

动词+ed (done)

温馨提示：过去分词没有形式的变化。

2. Grammatical functions of Past participle

动词的-ed形式具有副词、形容词的特征，在句中可作定语、表语、补语、状语等。

I.V-ed used as attribute

1.位置: 单个过去分词一般位于名词前, 过去分词短语位于名词后,在功能上相当于一个定语从句。

e.g. The stolen car was found by the police last week.

The speaker answered all the questions raised by the audience.

= The speaker answered all the questions that were raised by the audience.

e.g. The __________ time can never be found again.

时光一去不复返。

This novel _______ _______ ______ has been sold out in a few days.

= This novel ______ ______ _____ ______ _____ has been sold out in a few days.

他写的小说几天就卖完了。

2.不及物动词的v-ed式也可作前置定语，但只表完成, 不表被动

e.g. a retired worker一位退休工人the risen sun 升起了的太阳

思考：

(1)The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with daily life.（表被动完成）

(2)The problem being discussed now has nothing to do with daily life.（___________）

(3)The problem to be discussed tomorrow h as nothing to do with daily life.(_________)

II. V-ed used as predictive

1.过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态

e.g. The window is broken.

She was greatly excited.

e.g. She felt _________ with her performance on the high-and-low bars.(satisfy)

The students are fully ____________.(prepare)

思考：现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的不同之处？____________________ 这类动词有哪些？___________________________________________________ III. V-ed used as the Object Complement

1. 表“感觉和心理状态”的动词，如:

see, hear, find, feel, think, watch, notice , etc.+ object(宾语) + v-ed

e.g. We saw the thief caught by the police.

2. 使役动词:make, get, have, keep ,leave, etc.+ object(宾语)+ v-ed

e.g. We must get the table cloth washed.

e.g. I ever ________ the song _______ in French.

我曾经听人用法语唱这首歌。

He managed to ________ himself ________.

他好不容易让别人明白了他的意思。

思考：过去分词, 不定式, 现在分词作宾语补足语的区别？

__________________________________________________________

IV. V-ed used as the Adverbial

1.过去分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句

e.g. Asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.

= When he was asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.

Completely__________ by the doctor, he went back to school right away.

经过医生彻底检查以后，他立刻回到了学校

2.过去分词作条件状语相当于条件状语从句

e.g. Given more time, I could do it much better..

= If I was given more time, I could do it much better.

_________, water changes into steam.水加热时就会变成水蒸气.

3.过去分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句

e.g. Born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.

= Because he was born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.

e.g.________by Yang Liwei’s speech, the students are determined to study even better.

A.Deeply moved

B. Having deeply moved

C.To be deeply moved

D.Moving deeply