初中英语形容词和副词的用法

形容词、副词的基本用法

形容词

1.概念：形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）、表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。

2.功能：形容词可作定语、表语、补足语等。

3.位置：形容词一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；但当形容词修饰由some, any, every, no等构成的复合不定

代词时须后置；enough 作形容词时，放在它所修饰的名词前后均可。

4. 复合形容词的构成及用法：就初中而言，需掌握的复合形容词的构成形式是“数词+ 名词单数+ 形容词”，并且中间加连字符。复合形容词常在句中作前置定语。如a 5-year-old boy等。

※特别提示

1．有些形容词主要用作表语，所以又称表语形容词。这类形容词主要有afraid，alone，asleep，alive，awake，ill等。

2．有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。如friendly, lively, silly, lovely等。

3．由-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，由-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。

4. “the + 形容词”表示一类人或物。

副词

概念：副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

功能：

1. 副词在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句。

2. 修饰某些不定代词和数词。如：Nearly everybody came to our party.

3. 一些地点副词和时间副词，如here, there, home, abroad, upstairs, above, below, yesterday, today, tomorrow等可以作后置定语。如：Life here i s full of joy.

4. 一些副词，如in, out, on, back, down, up, off,away等可以作表语。如：Father is away.

5. 作宾语补足语。如：Ask him in, please.

6. 有些表示地点、时间的副词可作介词宾语。如：He lives not far from there.

位置：副词在句中的位置比较灵活：一般情况下，修饰动词可放其前也可放其后；修饰形容词、副词、副词短语、状语从句等时，放在其前；修饰全句放在句首；频度副词always, often等一般放在实义动词之前，情态动词、be动词、助动词之后；程度副词如very等一般放在被修饰词之前；表示序列的副词通常位于句首；enough作副词时须放在所修饰词之后。

【专项练习】

Ⅰ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

( )2. I think noodles are very___________ , so I often have them for lunch.

A. delicious

B. healthy

C. sweet(甜的)

D. fresh（新鲜的）

( )3. —What do you think of the robot exhibition(展览)?

—It’s very_________. The robots can do the housework.

A. interesting

B. interested

C. boring

D. bored

( )5. —How was your holiday?

—It was __________ . The weather was so bad.

A. funny

B. terrible

C. good

D. great

( )6. You always have the same food for breakfast. Don’t you want something_______________?

A. clean

B. cheap

C. different

D. difficult

( )7. Although it rained____________ , Jay Chou’s fans still waited for him outside the hotel.

A. hardly

B. heavily

C. strongly

D. quickly

( )8. Lisa was very___________ when the doctor told her that she was in better health.

A. sad

B. worried

C. happy

D. interested

( )10. The teacher was__________ and he left the classroom___________ without saying a word.

A. angry, angry

B. angrily, angrily

C. angry, angrily

D. angrily, angry

( )11. —Physics is ____________ too difficult for me. I can’t learn it well.

—Don’t give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.

A. sometimes

B. never

C. always

D. hardly

( )12. —Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the nearest supermarket?

—Go straight and turn right at the first crossing. You can find it _____________.

A. slowly

B. friendly

C. easily

D. lovely

( )14. Your bedroom is so dirty. You should keep it ________ .

A. dry

B. wet

C. clean

D. quiet

( )15. Though Lucy has worked ___________at Chinese for several years, she can ____________speak it.

A. hard, hard

B. hard, hardly

C. hardly, hardly

D. hardly, hard

( )16. ___________, the child on the bike was not __________hurt(受伤).

A. Lucky, bad

B. Luckily, bad

C. Lucky, badly

D. Luckily, badly

( )19. This is an _________book and I am __________ in it.

A. interesting, interesting

B. interested, interesting

C. interesting, interested

D. interested, interested ( )20. —Jenny, could you please help me take care of my pet when I am away?

—No problem! I can look after it _____________.

A. good enough

B. bad enough

C. well enough

D. hard enough

Ⅱ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. I am not good at dancing, but I can sing __________ (well).

2. I’m __________ (real) sorry about it.

4. Mr Zhao went back to get his notebook as___________ (quick) as he could.

5. His death（死）made us _____________ (sad).

6. What a _____________ (sun) day it is!

7. The house next to the street is very ____________ (noise).

9. I need to wear glasses. I can’t see the words on the blackboard______________ (clear).