英语中考归纳复习专题:连词与从句
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外研版2018年英语中考归纳复习专题:连词与从句【连词】
用来连接词与词、短语与短语,以及句子与句子的词叫连词。连词属于虚词,在句中不能单独使用。连词按其性质可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句和状语从句。
1.并列连词
并列连词是指用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词(如and,but,or,so等),可表示并列、顺承、转折、选择、因果等关系。常见并列连词(短语)用法如下:
2.从属连词从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句(if,whether)和状语从句(如when,because,until等)。
常见从属连词用法见以下考点2宾语从句和考点3状语从句的讲解。【考点训练1】
1.The flight was delayed by the storm,_____ the passengers had to wait at the airport. ()
A.but
B.or
C.so
D.for
2.There’s no ticket left for Lang Lang’s piano concert. ___you ___ your sister can go to it. ()
A.Both;and
B.Not only;but also
C.Either;or
D.Neither;nor
3.Lucy is very young,___ she can live on her own.
()
A.and
B.or
C.so
D.but
4.—I want to be a teacher when I grow up.
—Work hard, ___ your dream will come true. ()
A.or
B.and
C.but
D.if
5.—Tina,put your heart into study,___ you’ll fail the coming math exam.
—OK,I will. ()
A.and
B.but
C.or
D.so 答案:C DDBC
【宾语从句】
在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其结构是:主句+引导词+从句。
学习时要掌握宾语从句的三要素:引导词、语序、时态
1.引导词
2.语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序:主语+谓语+其他。如:Do you know where the nearest hotel is?
你知道最近的旅馆在哪里吗?
3.时态
注意:在以Could you 开头的复合句中,could通常不表示过去时态,仅表示委婉语气,从句的时态要根据实际情况而定。如:
Could you tell me where Helen lives?你能告诉我海伦住在哪里吗?
Could you tell me where you went last weekend?你能告诉我上周末你去了哪里吗?
要点提醒:
宾语从句的简化
当主句的谓语动词是tell,ask,show,teach等,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。此结构中的疑问词包括what,which,how,when,where等。如:Could you tell me how I can get to the station?→Could you tell me how to get to the station?
【考点训练2】
1.—Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
—Some English songs,I guess. ()
A.what
B.when
C.why
D.how
2.Could you tell me ___ a moment ago? ()
A.what were they talking about
B.what are they talking about
C.what they were talking about
D.what they are talking about
3.—Can you tell me ____?
—Sure.He lives on Center Street. ()
A.where does he live
B.where he lives
C.why he lives there
D.what does he do
4.—Could you please tell me ____?
—Sorry,I’m new here. ()
A.where can I buy some juice
B.when does the supermarket close
C.how to get to the library
D.what time does the movie begin
答案:ACBC
状语从句
在复合句中用作状语的从句叫状语从句。根据其表达的意思可分为时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、
比较、地点、方式等类型。具体用法如下:
要点提醒:
1.在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来。如:
I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
【考点训练3】
1.—Does your mother have a hobby?
—No,_____ you call going shopping a hobby. ()
A.unless
B.because
C.although
D.if
2.Life is like a mirror. ___ you smile at it,it will smile back. ()
A.Unless
B.When
C.Until
D.Though
3.______ he had failed many times,he didn’t give up and succeeded in the end. ()
A.Unless
B.Although