现在完成时讲解 经典
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I have left hometown for 10 years. W
I have been away from hometown for 10 years.
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have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to 意思是“到过，去过”， 表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。
于助动词或系动词后，实义动词前。 • never用于句中，助动词或系动词后，
实义动词前，表示否定意义。
• He has ever been to Paris.
• He has never been to Paris.
3） just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与 already，never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词 have/has和动词过去分词之间）
第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在 他还有这本字典” 。
句中时，位于助动词或系动词后，实义动 词前。 • yet用于否定句和疑问句，一般在句末。 • I have already finished my homework. • I haven’t finished my homework yet.
• 2）ever和never • ever用于肯定句和疑问句中，在句中位
现在完成时
现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的主要用法 现在完成时的时间状语
短暂性动词与时间段的关系 have been 与have gone 比较
与一般过去时的用法比较
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现在完成时的构成
have (has）+ 过去分词
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现在完成时 ( present perfect tense)
I have been here since 5 years ago.
I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
注2): 对for或since引导的时间 状语提问 必须用how long, 决 不能用when. Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here?
marry / get married等。
leave--be away (from) join-- be in/be a/an…
come/go (to) --be (in/at)start/begin-- be on
arrive (at/in)--be (in/at) die-- be dead
get (to)-- be (in/at)
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●但在否定句中，短暂性动词可 以与时间段连用。
如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year.
我买这辆自行车还不到一年。
She hasn’t come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。
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翻 译 练 习：
1.我买了这块手表五年了。
beaten
延续性动词和非延续性动词（终止性动词） 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 如：learn, work, keep, have, wait, stay等。 延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表
示 不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束,不
能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 如:die, begin, finish, come, go, open, leave, join,
past
present(now)
future
do my homework
现在完成时的主要用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) -- Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
felt had
A B C型
原形、过去式和过去分词各异
do go fly
write
did went flew
wrote
done gone flown
written
A B A型
原形与过去分词同形
come
came
become became
A A B型
原形与过去式同形
beat
beat
come become
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现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的 动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的时间状语连 用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。（这一用法与现
在完成进行时相同： have / has + been + v.ing。）
They have lived here for 30 years. 他们已经在这儿住了30年。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
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She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时
(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
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②never, ④just,
⑤yet,
⑥before,
⑦up to now,
⑧so far,
⑨for the last few weeks
来自百度文库
⑩these days, ⑾since ⑿for a long time 连用
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现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状 态.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时 间，so far 等时间状语连用。
• He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。
• They have just finished the work. 他们刚刚完成那项工作。
4）for 和 since for 后面跟一段时间，since后面跟的是时间点，这 个时间点可能是单词、短语或一般过去时的句子。 带有for或since短语的句子，谓语动词要用延续性 动词。
you been? I have been to Guangzhou. 4. How long have you been in this school? I have
been in this school for three years. 5. My brother has been in the army since he left
She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?
4. 过去分词的构成： 规则动词过去分词的构成和过去式一样，不规则 动词的过去分词见课本（八下或九年级课本最后 一页）。 记忆不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，可以分为 以下几类来记：
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday.
He has been here since two days ago / last Monday.
He has been here since his wife died.
I have bought this watch for five years.W
I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
The old man has died for ten years. W
The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
close--be closed
reach-- be (in/at) buy-- have
open--be open return-- be back
borrow-- keep finish-- be over
marry--be married become--be
短暂性动词与时间段的关系
●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时
have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已 经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或 已在那儿了。
have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时 间了”
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用have been to, have gone to, have been in的适当形 式填空 1. - Where is Tom? – He has gone to the library. 2. How many times have you been to Paris? 3. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have
A A A型
原形、过去式和过去分词同形：
hit
put let read cost
hit hit
put put let let read read cost cost
A B B型
过去式和过去分词同形：
buy find feel have
bought found
felt had
bought found
现在完成时的主要用法
3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从 未有过的经历.
I have ever been to the Summer Palace?
(我曾去过颐和园)
I have never had a car.
(我从未有过汽车。)
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现在完成时的时间状语
◆常与①already, ③ever,
high school.
与一般过去时的用法比 较
一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过
去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不 是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在 保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结 果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一
般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的 动作和事情与现在没有关系。
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eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。
间段连用，这些动词是：①become,
②begin,
③buy,
④borrow,
⑤come (go, arrive),
⑥die,
⑦finish,
⑧join,
⑨ leave, 等。
●为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延 续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。
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become →be, begin→ have , borrow → keep, buy → have, come (go, arrive, get) →be here/there/in…， die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …（be a member of … ） leave→ be away ( from…),
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3.他已经回来三天了。
He has come back for 3 days. W
He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.
4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。
He has come here since 6 o’clock. W
He has been here since 6 o’clock. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。
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1.for + 一段时间
Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years.
2. since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点 单词 词组 从句(一般过去时)
Eg. I have been here since 2000.
(30年以前开始住在这儿，现在还住在这儿。) I have learned English since I was five years old.
我从五岁时就学英语。 （五岁时开始学英语，到现在还在学。）
现在完成时的运用:
• 1）already 和yet • already用于肯定句，放于句中或句末，在
I have been away from hometown for 10 years.
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have been 与have gone 的用法比较
have been to 意思是“到过，去过”， 表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。
于助动词或系动词后，实义动词前。 • never用于句中，助动词或系动词后，
实义动词前，表示否定意义。
• He has ever been to Paris.
• He has never been to Paris.
3） just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与 already，never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词 have/has和动词过去分词之间）
第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在 他还有这本字典” 。
句中时，位于助动词或系动词后，实义动 词前。 • yet用于否定句和疑问句，一般在句末。 • I have already finished my homework. • I haven’t finished my homework yet.
• 2）ever和never • ever用于肯定句和疑问句中，在句中位
现在完成时
现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的主要用法 现在完成时的时间状语
短暂性动词与时间段的关系 have been 与have gone 比较
与一般过去时的用法比较
上一页
主菜单
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现在完成时的构成
have (has）+ 过去分词
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现在完成时 ( present perfect tense)
I have been here since 5 years ago.
I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
注2): 对for或since引导的时间 状语提问 必须用how long, 决 不能用when. Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here?
marry / get married等。
leave--be away (from) join-- be in/be a/an…
come/go (to) --be (in/at)start/begin-- be on
arrive (at/in)--be (in/at) die-- be dead
get (to)-- be (in/at)
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●但在否定句中，短暂性动词可 以与时间段连用。
如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year.
我买这辆自行车还不到一年。
She hasn’t come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。
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翻 译 练 习：
1.我买了这块手表五年了。
beaten
延续性动词和非延续性动词（终止性动词） 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 如：learn, work, keep, have, wait, stay等。 延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表
示 不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束,不
能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 如:die, begin, finish, come, go, open, leave, join,
past
present(now)
future
do my homework
现在完成时的主要用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) -- Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
felt had
A B C型
原形、过去式和过去分词各异
do go fly
write
did went flew
wrote
done gone flown
written
A B A型
原形与过去分词同形
come
came
become became
A A B型
原形与过去式同形
beat
beat
come become
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现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的 动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的时间状语连 用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。（这一用法与现
在完成进行时相同： have / has + been + v.ing。）
They have lived here for 30 years. 他们已经在这儿住了30年。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
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She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时
(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
主菜单
②never, ④just,
⑤yet,
⑥before,
⑦up to now,
⑧so far,
⑨for the last few weeks
来自百度文库
⑩these days, ⑾since ⑿for a long time 连用
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现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状 态.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时 间，so far 等时间状语连用。
• He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。
• They have just finished the work. 他们刚刚完成那项工作。
4）for 和 since for 后面跟一段时间，since后面跟的是时间点，这 个时间点可能是单词、短语或一般过去时的句子。 带有for或since短语的句子，谓语动词要用延续性 动词。
you been? I have been to Guangzhou. 4. How long have you been in this school? I have
been in this school for three years. 5. My brother has been in the army since he left
She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?
4. 过去分词的构成： 规则动词过去分词的构成和过去式一样，不规则 动词的过去分词见课本（八下或九年级课本最后 一页）。 记忆不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，可以分为 以下几类来记：
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday.
He has been here since two days ago / last Monday.
He has been here since his wife died.
I have bought this watch for five years.W
I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
The old man has died for ten years. W
The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
close--be closed
reach-- be (in/at) buy-- have
open--be open return-- be back
borrow-- keep finish-- be over
marry--be married become--be
短暂性动词与时间段的关系
●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时
have gone to 意思是“去了”，表示已 经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或 已在那儿了。
have been in 意思是“呆在某处一段时 间了”
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用have been to, have gone to, have been in的适当形 式填空 1. - Where is Tom? – He has gone to the library. 2. How many times have you been to Paris? 3. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have
A A A型
原形、过去式和过去分词同形：
hit
put let read cost
hit hit
put put let let read read cost cost
A B B型
过去式和过去分词同形：
buy find feel have
bought found
felt had
bought found
现在完成时的主要用法
3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从 未有过的经历.
I have ever been to the Summer Palace?
(我曾去过颐和园)
I have never had a car.
(我从未有过汽车。)
上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的时间状语
◆常与①already, ③ever,
high school.
与一般过去时的用法比 较
一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过
去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不 是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在 保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结 果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一
般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的 动作和事情与现在没有关系。
上一页
主菜单
下一页
eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。
间段连用，这些动词是：①become,
②begin,
③buy,
④borrow,
⑤come (go, arrive),
⑥die,
⑦finish,
⑧join,
⑨ leave, 等。
●为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延 续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。
上一页
主菜单
下一页
become →be, begin→ have , borrow → keep, buy → have, come (go, arrive, get) →be here/there/in…， die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …（be a member of … ） leave→ be away ( from…),
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3.他已经回来三天了。
He has come back for 3 days. W
He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.
4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。
He has come here since 6 o’clock. W
He has been here since 6 o’clock. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。
下一页
1.for + 一段时间
Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years.
2. since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点 单词 词组 从句(一般过去时)
Eg. I have been here since 2000.
(30年以前开始住在这儿，现在还住在这儿。) I have learned English since I was five years old.
我从五岁时就学英语。 （五岁时开始学英语，到现在还在学。）
现在完成时的运用:
• 1）already 和yet • already用于肯定句，放于句中或句末，在