初中英语语法上海中考虚拟语气
初中英语语法专项学习之虚拟语气用法归纳
2024年初中英语语法专项学习之虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气的十大句型一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1.条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：句型1：If +主语+过去时，主语+ should (could, would, 或might) +动词原形(1) If I were you, I would study hard.(2) If it rained, I would not be here now.2.条件从句与过去事实不一致，其句型为：句型2：If +主语+had+过去分词，主语+ should(could, would, 或might)+ have +过去分词(3) If the doctor had e last night, the boy would have been saved.(4) If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3.条件从句与将来事实不一致，其句型为：句型3：If +主语+过去时/ should +动词原形/ were to+动词原形，主语+ should (could, would, 或might) +动词原形(5) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(6) If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.(7) If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry.注意问题：1.If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。
2.根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都要遵守上述句型。
中考英语语法复习课件虚拟语气
注意： 注意：
（1） 在真实条件句中，主句不能用 ） 在真实条件句中， be going to表示将来，该用 表示将来， 表示将来 该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are 错 never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will 对 never regret it. （2） 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便 ） 表示真理时， 不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接 动词原形， 不用 动词原形 用一般现在时的动词形式。 用一般现在时的动词形式。
在条件句中的应用： 二、 在条件句中的应用： 条件句可分为两类， 条件句可分为两类， 一类为真实条件句， 一类为真实条件句，一类 为非真实条件句。 为非真实条件句。非真实 条件句表示的是假设的或 实际可能性不大的情况， 实际可能性不大的情况， 故采用虚拟语气。 故采用虚拟语气。
1、 真实条件句： 、 真实条件句： 真实条件句用于陈述语气， 真实条件句用于陈述语气， 假设的情况可能发生， 假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是 如果的意思。 如果的意思。 时态关系： 时态关系：
虚拟语气-上海中考自主招生讲义
易错题练习+虚拟语气复习回顾+自招练习课前热身1.【主要考点】音标★We chose to do cross-country running. Which of the following is correct for the underlined part?[A] [tʃuːz][B] [tʃəuz] [C] [tʃəz] [D] [tʃuəz]【正确答案】B【解析】chose是choose的过去式，发音为[tʃəuz]。
2.【主要考点】固定搭配★Prince William_____ the students playing football when he visited Shanghai.[A] joined [B] took part in [C]attended [D]joined in【正确答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配，join sb in doing sth “加入某人做某事”，所以答案为A。
3.【主要考点】定语从句★Not only ______the jewelry she ____been sold for her son’s gambling debts but also her house. A. is；has B. has；had C. has；has D.不填；has【正确答案】C【解析】此题中由于Not only置于句首，故用部分倒装结构。
第一个has助动词，是句中谓语动词has been sold中has的提前。
第二个has为实义动词，属于定语从句中，表示“有”的意思。
本句的意思为：不但是她所有的珠宝而且还有她的房子一起已经被卖掉作为她儿子的赌债了。
4.【主要考点】定语从句Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. thatC. whenD. on which【正确答案】C【解析】when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气总结
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气总结虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）在英语语法中是一个相当重要的概念，在初中英语学习中也是一个需要重点掌握的知识点。
本文将对初中英语中涉及到的虚拟语气进行归纳总结，旨在帮助学生更好地理解虚拟语气的用法和意义。
一、虚拟语气的定义虚拟语气是一种用来表示说话人所描述的动作、状态或假定情况在现实中并没有发生的语气。
虚拟语气常用于表示愿望、建议、要求、命令、条件、假设等情况，它与现实情况相对应。
二、虚拟语气的主要用法1. 表示愿望与建议虚拟语气常用于表示愿望与建议，通常使用这些句型：1) I wish/If only + 过去式：表示对现在或将来的情况表示遗憾、希望是不可能实现的。
例如：I wish I were taller.（我希望我更高。
）If only it would stop raining.（要是天停止下雨就好了。
）2) It's time/ high time + 过去式：表示某个动作应该发生，但实际上尚未发生。
例如：It's time you went to bed.（现在该是你上床睡觉的时候了。
）It's high time we started our homework.（我们开始做家庭作业的时间已经到了。
）3) Should + 动词原形：表示建议。
例如：You should take a break.（你应该休息一下。
）2. 表示条件与假设虚拟语气常用于表示条件与假设，常见的虚拟语气句型包括：1) If + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + would/could + 动词原形：表示对现在或未来的假设条件。
例如：If I had a car, I would drive to work.（如果我有一辆车，我会开车去上班。
）2) Were + 主语：在虚拟条件句中，表示与现在事实相反或不可能实现的情况。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的表达
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的表达虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语态，用来表示虚构的、假设的或不可能实现的情况。
在初中英语学习中，掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性非常重要。
以下是对初中英语中虚拟语气的常见用法进行了归纳。
一、与过去事实相反的情况1. 虚拟语气用于与过去事实相反的情况，表示与现实不符的假设、愿望或建议。
1) If引导的虚拟语气句型If引导的虚拟语气句型常用于假设情况，其结构为: If + 主语 + 动词的过去完成时，主语+ would/could/might/should/were（be动词用were）+动词原形。
例句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我学习更努力，我就会通过考试。
）If you were taller, you could play basketball with us.（如果你个子高一些，你就可以和我们一起打篮球。
）2) wish引导的虚拟语气句型Wish引导的虚拟语气句型用于表达对现在或过去情况的愿望，其结构为: 主语 + wish + 主语 + 动词的过去式（对现在情况的愿望），主语+ wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词（对过去情况的愿望）。
例句：I wish I had a car.（我希望我有一辆车。
）I wish it would stop raining.（我希望停下雨。
）3) 虚拟语气用于建议在某些表达建议的句型中，虚拟语气也得到了应用。
常用的句型有：It's time + 主语 + 动词过去式；It's about time + 主语 + 过去完成时；I suggest + (that) + 主语 + should + 动词原形；I would rather + 主语 + 动词原形。
例句：It's time you went to bed.（你该去睡觉了。
中考英语语法之虚拟语气
中考英语语法之虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，它用来表示与事实相反、与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反等非真实情况。
掌握虚拟语气的正确运用，对于提高中考英语的语法水平起到至关重要的作用。
本文将详细介绍虚拟语气的用法和例子，帮助同学们更好地理解和记忆。
1. 表示与事实相反的虚拟语气与事实相反的虚拟语气用于表示与现在或过去实际情况相反的假设情况。
常见句型有：1）If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be动词用were），主语 +would/should/could/might + 动词原形例：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.如果我是一只鸟，我会在天空中自由飞翔。
2）It's time + 主语 + 动词过去式，主语 + did/were例：It's time he went to bed.该他上床睡觉的时间了。
3）as if/though + 主语 + 动词过去式，主语 +would/should/could/might + 动词原形例：He behaves as if he were the boss.他的行为就像是老板一样。
2. 表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在事实相反的虚拟语气用于表示对现在情况的假设或希望。
常见句型有：1）If + 主语 + did，主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例：If I had a car, I would drive to school.如果我有辆车，我会开车去上学。
2）I wish/if only + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例：I wish I could fly.我希望我会飞。
3. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去事实相反的虚拟语气常用于表达对过去情况的假设或遗憾。
2024年中考英语语法二轮复习之虚拟语气用法
2024年中考英语语法二轮复习之虚拟语气用法一、英语虚拟语气的基本概念英语有三种语气，即陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
陈述语气用干陈述事实、提出看法或问题等，祈使语气用干表示请求、命令或警告等，虚拟语气则表示假想或主观愿望:He was nice to us. 他对我们很友好。
(陈述语气)Don't be in such a hurry.不要如此匆忙。
(祈使语气)It is important that he work hard. 他用功是很重要的。
(虎拟语气) Ifhehadapologized, you should have done so too.如果他道歉了，你也应当道歉。
(虚拟语气)二、英语虚拟语气的基本类型1.与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be诵常用were)，主句谓语用“should(would.could.might)+动词原形”。
如:If she were trving harder. her parents wouldn't be so anxious.如果她现在更用功些，她的父母也不会这么忧虑了。
(可惜他并不用功) If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道)2.与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would,could,might)+have+过去分词”。
如:If I'd seen you. I'd have said hello.如果我看见你了，我会和你打招呼的。
(不巧我没看见你)Ifthey had invited him to the party, he would have attendedit.如果他们邀请了他参加晚会，他是会参加的。
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和表达
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和表达虚拟语气是初中英语中的一个重要语法知识点，用法多样，非常灵活。
在本文中，我将对虚拟语气的用法和表达进行归纳和总结。
一、虚拟语气的定义和分类虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中一种特殊的语气，用来表达与事实相反或假设的情况。
根据不同的情况，虚拟语气可以分为三种类型：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气以及与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在事实相反的虚拟语气常常用于表达非真实情况的假设、建议、要求等。
常见的表达方式有：1) If引导的虚拟条件句：If I were you, I would study harder.2) 以动词wish引导的虚拟语气句型：I wish I had a car.3) “It’s time (that)…”结构：It’s time we went to bed.2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去事实相反的虚拟语气常用于表达对过去事件的假设、愿望、建议等。
常见的表达方式有：1) If引导的虚拟条件句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.2) 以动词wish引导的虚拟语气句型：I wish I had gone to the party.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气与将来事实相反的虚拟语气常用于表达对将来事件的假设、猜测等。
常见的表达方式有：1) If引导的虚拟条件句：If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.2) “Suppose/supposing (that)…”句型：Suppose it doesn’t stop raining, what will we do?二、虚拟语气的应用场景和注意事项1. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用条件句中的虚拟语气常常用于表示与事实相反的情况。
初中英语语法上海中考虚拟语气
初中英语语法上海中考虚拟语气上海中考英语语法拓展：虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的条件句形式英语的动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用在条件或让步状语从句中，表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等,；一是在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议。
条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，用陈述语气。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在条件句中：1，与过去相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+had done主句：主语＋should, would, might, could + have doneShe would have gone to the party if she had been invited.2, 与现在事实相反的假设: 条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be用were 主句：主语+should, would, might, could do3，与将来相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be用were If+主语+were to do；If+主语+should do主句：主语+should, would, might, could do, If it should fail, I would try again.4. 混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句或错综时间条件句。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.Even though it hadn’t rained, we can’t get there by tomorrow. 条件虚拟主句真实。
中考英语专题汇编英语虚拟语气(一)含解析
中考英语专题汇编英语虚拟语气(一)含解析一、初中英语虚拟语气1．If I you, I’d take a small present for her.A．am B．is C．was D．were【答案】D【解析】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
其主要有三种结构：1、与现在事实相反：若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反：若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”。
3、与将来事实相反：若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。
句意：如果我是你，我会给她带一件小礼物。
结合语境可知本句描述的是与现在相反的事实，故选D。
考点：考查虚拟语气。
2．--------- Come and join us, Jim!---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go.A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had【答案】C【解析】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
（1）、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”（2）、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”（3）、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：句意：吉姆，来加入我们吧！抱歉，我不能。
初中英语知识点总结虚拟语气7篇
初中英语知识点总结虚拟语气7篇篇1虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要内容，它主要用于表达与事实或现实不符的情况，或者用于表达一种假设、条件或非真实的情况。
在初中英语学习中，掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高语言表达能力和写作水平具有重要意义。
一、虚拟语气的构成虚拟语气分为三种形式：虚拟现在时、虚拟过去时和虚拟将来时。
每种形式又可分为简单式、进行式、完成式等。
虚拟语气的构成主要涉及动词原形、动词过去分词和动词现在分词的变化。
掌握这些变化形式是正确使用虚拟语气的关键。
二、虚拟语气的用法1. 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气在表示与事实相反或不太可能发生的条件状语从句中，需要使用虚拟语气。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）这个句子表达了与事实相反的条件，因此使用了虚拟语气。
2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气在表示请求、建议、命令等动词后面的宾语从句中，也需要使用虚拟语气。
例如：She suggested that we should start early.（她建议我们早点出发。
）在这个句子中，suggest后面的宾语从句使用了虚拟语气。
3. 主语从句中的虚拟语气在表示惊讶、遗憾、后悔等情绪的主语从句中，可以使用虚拟语气来表达这些情绪。
例如：What a pity it is that he missed the chance!（真遗憾，他错过了这个机会！）这个句子中的主语从句使用了虚拟语气来表达遗憾的情绪。
三、虚拟语气的应用场景1. 表达假设或条件虚拟语气可以用于表达假设或条件，例如在写作文时，可以使用虚拟语气来描述一个假设的场景或条件，以引出自己的观点或论点。
例如：“If I were a bird, I would fly to the sky and look at the world from above.”（如果我是一只鸟，我会飞到天上，从高处俯瞰世界。
2023上海中考英语语法
2023上海中考英语语法
2023年上海中考英语的语法点包括但不限于：
1. 名词：名词的复数形式、名词的所有格、名词的修饰语等。
2. 动词：动词的时态（现在时、过去时、将来时等）、动词的语态（主动语态、被动语态）、动词的非谓语形式（不定式、动名词等）。
3. 形容词和副词：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式、形容词和副词的修饰语等。
4. 介词：介词的基本用法、介词的固定搭配等。
5. 连词：并列连词、转折连词、条件连词等。
6. 句子结构：简单句、复合句、并列句等。
7. 从句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。
8. 虚拟语气：虚拟语气在条件句、宾语从句、主语从句等中的用法。
9. 倒装句：倒装句的基本形式和用法。
10. 强调句：强调句的基本形式和用法。
初中英语语法知识总结之虚拟语气
初中英语语法知识总结之虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语气，用于表示与事实相反的假设、愿望、建议、命令等。
在初中英语中，虚拟语气是一个重要的语法知识点，掌握好虚拟语气的用法可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
下面是对初中英语虚拟语气的相关知识总结。
一、虚拟语气的用法1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气（与现在事实相反的假设）表示对现在情况的否定、假设或建议。
a) 与现在动作情况相反：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）注意：“were”在这里被用作“was”的虚拟形式，表示与现在事实相反的假设。
b) 与现在实际情况相反：I wish I had more time.（我希望我有更多时间。
）注意：“I wish”后跟的是“had”，表示现在我没有更多时间的愿望。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气（与过去事实相反的假设）表示对过去情况的否定、假设或建议。
a) 与过去动作情况相反：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（如果我当初学得更努力，我就能通过这次考试了。
）b) 与过去实际情况相反：I wish I had listened to my parents.（我希望我当初听了我的父母的话。
）3.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气（与将来事实相反的假设）表示对将来情况的否定、假设或建议。
a) 表示对将来情况的不可能性：If it were to rain tomorrow, we would cancel the picnic. （如果明天下雨，我们就会取消野餐计划。
）b) 表示对将来情况的愿望：I hope I will pass the exam. （我希望我能通过考试。
）二、虚拟语气的常见句型1. If only + 过去式表示很遗憾没有实现过去的愿望。
例如：If only I had listened to my teacher's advice, I would not have made such a mistake.（要是我当初听从了老师的建议，就不会犯这样的错误了。
中考牛津上海版英语语法技能突破 虚拟语气讲义与练习
如果三年前我用功一些，我就能上个更好高中了If I worked harder 3 years ago, I would go to a better high schoolIf I had worked hard 3 years ago, I would have gone to a better highschool.If he had driven more carefully yesterday, he would not have had thecar accident .If it had rained enough last year, they would have gathered a goodharvest.1.If you had worked hard ,you would have passed the exam .2.If they had had enough rain last year, they would have gained good harvest.3.If he had driven more carefully yesterday, he would not have had the car accident.When(时间）Structure (结构）与事实相反(现在,过去,未来) If 句：,主句：.1.I (study) English when I was a child if I(know) the importance of it.2.I didn’t see your sister at the meeting.If she (come),she (meet) my brother.3. Miss Jiang explained the homework to the class yesterday.If Judy (pay) more attention at the time,he (not miss) her instructions(介绍).If it is fine tomorrow , I will go to see him.If I (visit)my future university tomorrow, I (take) a look at the library first.If they should play/were to play / played better next time ,I would give you 1 million dollars. 1.I f it should be/were fine tomorrow , I would go to see him.2.I f I should visit/ were to visit/ visited my lama mater next time, I would go to the library .3.I f they should play/were to play / played better next time , they would not fail again.When(时间）Structure (结构）与事实相反If 句,主句.1.If itwe (not go) out.(rain) tomorrow,2.I don’t like exams. If there (be) no exam tomorrow,I (see) a movie.3.Eason doesn’t think he will ever win a singing Competition. If, bychance, he (win), he (spend) the prize money on a computer.从句If I..主句I will现在didwerewould(could,might,should)+ do将来didwere toshould dowould(could,might,should)+ do过去had done would(could,might,should)+havedone。
初中英语语法知识点虚拟语气
初中英语语法知识点——虚拟语气虚拟，在汉语中表示一种假设的，不存在的情况，同样，英语中虚拟语气是用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
在初中阶段，虚拟语气一般用于下列情况：一、条件状语从句1、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实上我不可能是你）If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(事实上我不知道)2、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，从句：主语+had done ，主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done，例如：If I'd left sooner，I'd have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
(但我动身太迟了)If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了）3、与将来事实相反从句：①if+主语+were to do 主句：①主语+should/would/could/might+do②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do例如：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去吗?(大概他不会去) If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him. 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
初中英语虚拟语气总结
初中英语虚拟语气总结在初中英语的学习中，虚拟语气是一个比较复杂但又十分重要的语法点。
它用来表达与事实相反的假设、愿望、建议等情况，让我们的语言更加丰富和准确。
接下来，让我们一起深入了解一下初中英语中的虚拟语气。
一、虚拟语气的定义和用途虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人所说的话不是事实，或者是一种假设、愿望、建议等。
它常常用于表达不太可能实现或与现实相反的情况。
例如：“If I were you, I would study harder”（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
）在这个句子中，“我是你”是一种不可能的假设，所以使用了虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在英语中的用途非常广泛，主要包括以下几个方面：1、表达假设和条件如果某种情况与现实不同，我们就可以用虚拟语气来描述。
比如：“If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home”（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）2、表达愿望和梦想当我们表达自己希望发生但实际上不太可能发生的事情时，会用到虚拟语气。
例如：“I wish I could fly like a bird”（我希望我能像鸟一样飞。
）3、提出建议和要求有时为了使建议听起来更加委婉和礼貌，我们会使用虚拟语气。
比如：“It's high time that you went to bed”（你该上床睡觉了。
）二、虚拟语气的基本形式1、与现在事实相反从句：If ＋主语＋动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语＋ would/could/should/might ＋动词原形例如：If I had enough money, I would buy a big house （如果我有足够的钱，我会买一座大房子。
）2、与过去事实相反从句：If ＋主语＋ had ＋过去分词主句：主语＋ would/could/should/might ＋ have ＋过去分词例如：If I had studied hard, I would have passed the exam （如果我学习努力，我就会通过考试了。
上海市初中英语常用语法知识——虚拟语气(专题培优)
一、选择题1．—What's wrong with your uncle?—We're sure____ something is wrong with him, but we doubt_____ the disease can kill him. A．if; whether B．that; thatC．whether; if D．that; whether D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你叔叔怎么了？——我们确信他有问题，但我们怀疑疾病是否会引起死亡。
考查宾语从句。
宾语从句中的引导词分三类：that引导陈述句，that在句中不作成分；whether/if引导宾语从句，翻译成“是否”。
第一个从句中成分齐全，因此用that引导；第二个空，结合句意可知，此空表示“是否”。
故选D。
2．I never doubted ___________she would make her dream come true.A．what B．that C．whether D．when B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：我从不怀疑她将实现她的梦想。
本题考查宾语从句。
what连接代词，表示“什么”，在从句中承担主宾表定；that连接词，无意义，在从句中不承担成分；whether连接词，是否，在从句中不承担成分；when连接副词，表示“什么时候”，在从句中作时间状语。
根据句意可知，从句中不缺少成分，并且无含义，故填that。
故选B。
3．--Could you tell me__________? --Yes. They_________ to the reading room.A．where are the twins, have been B．where the twins are, have gone C．where were the twins, have been B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：-你能告诉我这对双胞胎去哪里了吗？-好的，他们去了阅览室。
牛津上海版中考英语常用语法知识——虚拟语气经典复习题(培优提高)
一、选择题1．—Do you know ?—Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.A．why did they move here B．why they moved hereC．when did they move here D．when they moved here D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析：句意：---你知道他们什么时候搬到这儿吗？ --让我想想。
我记得那是在三月十八日。
在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句语序。
结合答语中I remember it was on March 18th可知该选D。
考点：考查宾语从句。
2．— I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon.— I was doing my homework in the reading room.A．what were you doing B．what did you doC．what you were doing D．what you are doing C解析：C【解析】试题分析：句意：――我想知道昨天下午六点你在做什么？――我在阅览室做作业。
宾语从句，要用陈述句语序，故A、B错，表示昨天下午6：00正在做的事情，表示过去某时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时态，故选C。
【考点定位】考查宾语从句及动词的时态。
3．Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life.A．to live B．can live C．living D．should live B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：父母总是希望他们的孩子能过得健康快乐。
考查宾语从句。
hope后要么直接接动词不定式作宾语，要么接宾语从句。
此处是省略引导词that的宾语从句，此处缺从句的谓语，所以用情态动词+动词原形作谓语，又此处不构成虚拟语气，所以排除D，故选B。
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上海中考英语语法拓展：虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的条件句形式英语的动词有三种语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用在条件或让步状语从句中，表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等,；一是在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议。
条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，用陈述语气。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气在条件句中：1，与过去相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+had done主句：主语＋should, would, might, could + have doneShe would have gone to the party if she had been invited.2, 与现在事实相反的假设: 条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be用were主句：主语+should, would, might, could do3，与将来相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be用wereIf+主语+were to do；If+主语+should do主句：主语+should, would, might, could do, If it should fail, I would try again.4. 混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。
主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句或错综时间条件句。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.Even though it hadn’t rained, we can’t get there by tomorrow. 条件虚拟主句真实。
二、虚拟语气that + 主语+ (should) do结构下列情形下that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should do，should可以省略。
表过去用should have done.1，主语从句：1）在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ” 中，表示某事重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；It’s important that we should take good care of the patient.It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once．It's strange that he should say so.这类的形容词还有possible, probable, urgent等。
2)在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required加that句型中，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。
It is demanded that we should work out a plan.It is requested that Professor Liu（should）give us a lecture．3)在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder/ suggestion/ surprise that…..句型中，表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good c hance. 也可用陈述语气，2，宾语从句: 在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词后，作为suggest, request, demand, ask, arrange等动词的宾语。
suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。
The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class.He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means.The doctor suggested that he not go there．I insisted that he was right. Your pale face suggests that you are ill.3，表语从句和同位语从句：在suggestion / order / plan / advice / idea / request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中。
My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible.There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. （同位语）三、虚拟语气的其他用法1，在It is (high / about ) time that…从句中，谓语动词did或should do，should不能省略．It’s high time we went to the laboratory. It is time we left（should leave）. 2，wish的宾语从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。
Wish的宾语从句的谓语动词用did表现在，用could（would，might）do表将来；用had done或could（would，might）have done表过去。
I wish I were a bird.I wish you would stay a little longer.I wish you had called yesterday．3，would rather从句，表示宁愿、但愿之意。
用did表现在和将来，用had done 表过去。
I would rather I hadn’t seen that film yesterday.如后非从句，用do表现在和将来，用have done表过去。
I would rather have seen that film yesterday.4，有些动词，如think, expect, believe,其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should+动词原形，表意外。
I never thought he should refuse. She did not expect that you should come.5，虚拟式动词原形亦常用在独立句中，表愿望: God bless you! So be it then. 四、连词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had 和should放到从句主语前面去，多见于书面语。
If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.Had you not helped me，I should have failed.Were you in my position, you would do the same.Should they attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely.选择填空1. If I _______ you, I’d join the army. A. am B. was C. were D. would be2. “If the sun ______ tomorrow, what would we do?”A. will not riseB. would not riseC. did not riseD. does not rise3. If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?A. areB. will be goingC. mustD. were4. I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.A. could seeB. had seenC. will seeD. will have seen5. If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?A. would you buyB. had you boughtC. would you have boughtD. would you be buying6. If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.A. would probably dieB. had probably diedC. probably would be diedD. would probably have died7. ________ if you had lost your watch?A. Hadn’t you been upsetB. Wouldn’t you be upsetC. Weren’t you upsetD. Wouldn’t you have upset8. -----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”A. have stayedB. have stayC. stayedD. stay9. If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday.A. would have lentB. would lendC. would have lendD. could lend10. ____________, John would not have failed.A. If he has listened to meB. Had he listened to meC. If he listened to meD. As he listened to me11. Had Alice been more hardworking, she ________.A. had not failedB. would not have failedC. would not failD. could not be failed12. -----“Steve made a reservation already.”-----“______ he change his mind, he can cancel it.” A. S hould B. Would C. If D. So13. I wished it _______ but it did.A. occurred notB. did not occurC. had not occurredD. would not occur14. I _______ Professor Jones had taught me this equation.A. believeB. deeply thinkC. wishD. suppose15. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ around the earth. A. circles B. is circling C. be circling D. were circling 16. The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ______ a human teacher. A. was B. were C. had been D. be17. Jane appears as though she _______ the secret.A. knowsB. knewC. has knownD. had known18. If only she _______ of Aunt Ruth!A. was not terribly so frightenedB. were not terribly so frightenedC. be not so terribly frightenedD. were not so terribly frightened19. -----“I think that the Smiths were embarrassed by Jane’s generosity.”-----“She insisted ______ it as a gift.” A. no them to accept B. their acceptingC. that they acceptD. that they accepted20. The chairman requested that __________.A. the members studied the problem more carefullyB. the problem were more carefully studiedC. the problem could be studied with more careD. the members study the problem more carefully21. -----“Did Kathy have any ideas for Jim?”-----“She suggested that he ______ a card with all of our names on it.”A. sendB. sendsC. to sendD. sending22. The idea is that we _______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first.A. will sendB. had sentC. sendD. be sent23. It is necessary that this machine-tool _______ every day.A. be oiledB. oilC. is to be oiledD. oiled24. -----“That’s a beautiful coat in the window.” -----“It certainly is. If I had the money ______ buy it.” A. I’d B. I’ll C. I may D. I shall25. -----“Why didn’t you help him?”-----“I would have ______ I didn’t have the money.” A. if B. and C. but D. otherwise26. Jill would rather we _______ now, but we must go to work.A. not leaveB. had not leftC. didn’t leaveD. not to be left27. John would rather that Jane _______ to the party yesterday evening.A. did not goB. not goC. had not goneD. wouldn’t g one28. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _______ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. could not have gone29. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped ________.A. him calling meB. that he would call meC. him to call meD. that he call me30. __________ at the price list, he’d have known what to expect.A. Had Mr. Robinson lookedB. If Mr. Robinson lookedC. If Mr. Robinson would have lookedD. Had Mr. Robinson been looking31. -----“Shall I open the window?” -----“I’d rather _________.”A. you had better notB. you don’tC. you shouldn’tD. you didn’t32. ----- “Did you have to go to court?”-----“No, I didn’t, but I would ______ if my lawyer hadn’t been so good.”A. hadB. haveC. beD. do33. If Peter had enough money, he _______ on the trip to Los Angeles.A. would have goneB. wentC. had goneD. would go34. If you had been in Shanghai last month, you ________ the game.A. had seenB. have seenC. had been seenD. would have seen35. -----“Do you want me to lend you some money?”-----“I wish you __________, I can pay you back next week.”A. shouldB. didC. hadD. would36. If the Watergate Incident _______ Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.A. had not occurredB. did not occurC. was not occurringD. would not occur37. Alan _______ the party if he’d gone to London.A. would have missedB. had missedC. could missD. missed38. -----“Your pictures are beautiful!”-----“We _______ more if we hadn’t run out of film.”A. would takeB. had takenC. will have takenD. would have taken39. Peter wishes that he ________ law instead of literature when he was in college.A. had studiedB. studiedC. could studyD. would study1-5 CCDBC 6-10 DBAAB 11-15 BACCD 16-20 BBDCD 21-25 ACAAC26-30 CCABA 31-35 DBDDD 36-39 AADA。